专题06 阅读理解 （说明文）（期末真题汇编，浙江专用）八年级英语上学期

专题 06 阅读理解 （说明文） 主题01 人与自然——动物 Passage 1 (24-25八上·浙江台州临海·期末)阅读理解 ①Do you think wild boars (野猪) would be in a subway tunnel (隧道)? It happened in Nanjing on Nov 28. Wild boars are bringing us some problems these days. They run through cities, break into shops, and even hurt people. ②This is happening because there are too many of them! In recent years, the environment has got better. The wild boars live better and have more babies. There are about 2 million wild boars in China. They need more food and space, so they come into our towns. ③But can we just kill them all? That’s not a good idea. Every animal is important in nature. Wild boars eat dead animals. This stops diseases (疾病). They are like nature’s cleaners! They also dig up ground with their noses. This helps plants grow. ④What to do if you see a wild boar? Stay away! Wild boars are much stronger than pigs and can be very dangerous. A wild boar can jump 1 meter high. It weighs up to 200 kilograms. It runs at 40-70 kilometers per hour, as fast as a car. ⑤To solve the wild boar problem, we find out where the wild boars go and when they come out. This way, people can stay away from them. For example, in Jiangsu, people use 400 infrared cameras (红外相机) to watch the wild boars and make a “wild boar map”. We can also hunt (追捕) some wild boars, but we need a plan so we don’t hunt too many. In Ningxia, hunters plan to catch 300 wild boars this year to keep their numbers just right. 1．Why do wild boars come to towns? A．To clean up shops. B．To get food and space. C．To live with people. D．To look for their babies. 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The role of wild boars. B．The ways to kill wild boars. C．The danger of wild boars. D．The diseases from wild boars. 3．In Paragraph 4, how does the writer show wild boars are dangerous? A．By telling stories. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. D．By showing opinions. 4．To work out the wild boar problem, we should ________. A．plan to catch wild boars B．hunt all the wild boars C．feed wild boars more D．give them more places Passage 2 (24-25八上·浙江宁·期末) The Big Garden Birdwatch is the world’s largest garden wildlife survey. This year, it takes place from January 26 to 28. A charity called Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) organizes this survey to collect information about the health of garden birds in the UK. Anyone can take part in the survey. Ask an adult to help you find a free bird guide from the RSPB website. Then, choose a place to count (数数) birds for one hour at any time from January 26 to 28. It can be in a garden or on a park. During that hour, just write down every bird that lands in your place and send in your results. Last year, more than half a million people joined in. Together, they counted about 9 million birds, and it showed that house sparrows were the most seen birds. But their numbers were 45% of those in 1979. The RSPB reports that there are 38 million fewer birds in the UK than there were 60years ago. It is caused by many things. One of the main reasons is that farmers use machines and chemicals to have more crops or animals. This leads to losing habitats (栖息地). The Big Garden Birdwatch is important because it gives the RSPB the newest information. The charity works with the government to make new laws and rules to save the birds, and it says everyone needs to play a role in saving the nature. 1．What’s the purpose (目的) of the survey? A．To teach people how to farm. B．To collect information about birds. C．To make money for wildlife parks. D．To organize a competition for people. 2．What does the underlined word “It” refer to? A．The time to count birds. B．The place to count birds. C．The guide of counting birds. D．The result of counting birds. 3．How many birds did people count in 1979? A．About 4 million. B．About 9 million. C．About 20 million. D．About 38 million. 4．Why is the Big Garden Birdwatch important? A．Because it helps save the birds. B．Because it helps improve habitats. C．Because it helps farmers grow plants. D．Because it helps look for more birds. 主题02 人与社会——文化与学习 Passage 1 （24-25八上·浙江杭州市·期末） “Ugly” products (丑萌产品) have become a hit among the young. Chen Siru, 13, Zhejiang I have a special toy named Labubu. It seemed so ugly to me at the first sight. It may be because of its sharp teeth and a very big mouth. But then I found it cute after looking at it carefully. It always has soft black eyes and a bright smile. Labubu is a lovely toy, isn't it? Yin Peixin, 13, Hubei I have a “cabbage dog”. It gets this name because it has the cute face of an Akita Inu (秋田犬). But it also has a green cabbage body. I don't think it's ugly at all. The cabbage dog is my friend. It can make me feel better when I'm sad. I can also use it as a mini pillow for a good sleep. Zhang Kexin, 14, Beijing I want to have a green fish mask. It has a fish-like mouth and two nostrils (鼻孔). People can see through the two “holes” while wearing it. One of my classmates has one and he wore it for a tug-of-war (拔河) competition in our school. When I saw it that day, my stress (压力) about taking part in the competition went right away. It is really fun. 1．When Chen Siru saw Labubu for the first time, he thought it was ________. A．scary B．ugly C．cute D．beautiful 2．The name of the cabbage dog is from ________. A．its size B．its color C．its looks D．its food 3．Zhang Kexin likes the green fish mask because _________. A．it has a very big mouth B．it always smiles and looks cute C．it helps him win the competition D．it brings fun and makes him relaxed Passage 2 (24-25八上·浙江杭州滨江区·期末) Whether you enjoy books filled with facts or like interesting stories, reading is good for your health. Reading opens your eyes and mind to a new world. You can find out about people living different lives from yours and amazing facts about the earth. You can learn about important news and how you can make a difference to the world. Reading improves your understanding of people and the world around you. Sarah Driver, a teacher for 25 years, says, “Reading helps you understand how other people feel because you get to see things from their eyes. It’s like standing in their shoes and seeing the world the way they do.” This is called empathy. Reading also helps to improve your creativity. As Driver says, “You begin to picture the story in your head and create your own images (图像). It helps you think of new ideas and find different ways to solve problems: It’s a new world to experience in your mind.” Reading can also bring you closer to your friends and help you to make new ones as you share books and writers you like with each other. You can start a book club where everyone decides what to read and talks about it together. There are times when you may want to escape (逃离) into another world. You can do that with a book without going anywhere. When you’re reading a story that catches your interest, you forget everything around you. If you’re feeling tired, upset or lonely, getting lost in a story can give you peace and help you relax. Reading can also help you understand any difficult feelings you might have. Driver says. “It’s like having a friend who understands. When you’re feeling sad or angry, you can read about characters going through similar things. They show you different ways to face those feelings and find answers and hope.” 1．What does the underlined word “empathy” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Listening to your own heart. B．Looking at yourself in the mirror. C．Understanding others’ feelings. D．Sharing your feelings with others. 2．How does reading help you make friends according to Paragraph 3? A．By sharing interests with others. B．By picturing your friends in mind. C．By reading in the book club alone. D．By finding ways to solve problems. 3．What can you do when having bad feelings according to the text? A．Go to some places you like. B．Lose yourself in a good story. C．Take a book wherever you go. D．Find friends to talk about them. 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Who can start a reading club? B．What are good reading habits? C．How to make reading interesting? D．Why is reading books important? Passage 3 (24-25八上·浙江义乌市·期末) A healthy life needs strong bones (骨骼). There are three easy ways to keep our bones strong and healthy. Let’s learn together! Eating calcium-rich (富含钙的) foods Calcium is like a superhero for our bones. It helps them stay strong and healthy, just like how a good breakfast gives you energy for the day. Calcium-rich foods include milk, cheese, yogurt and nuts. ① . Eating these foods every day helps our bones grow strong. Doing fun exercises Exercise is fantastic for our bones. ② . Weight-bearing (负重) exercises are activities where your feet and legs carry your body weight. This kind of activity helps your bones get stronger. You can also try some other exciting exercises: jump like a kangaroo around the school playground or the park; skip rope with your friends and see how many skips you can do; or play hopscotch with your friends. ③ . If you love sports and are active, strengthening bones when you’re a kid can help you have healthy bones when you grow up. Getting some sunshine for vitamin D Vitamin D helps our bodies use calcium to strengthen bones. ④ . Spend about 15-20minutes outside in the sun each day. You can play at the park, ride your bike, or just enjoy a walk with your family. But remember to stay safe in the sun, such as wearing sunglasses. Take care of our bones by starting these habits, will you? 1．Which food is not rich in calcium? A．Nuts. B．Cheese. C．Turkey. D．Yogurt. 2．Where can be best put the sentence “The best way is by spending some time in the sun”? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3．Who will have strong bones? A．Tony hardly drinks milk. B．Lily skips rope every day. C．Betty likes to stay at home. D．Peter seldom does exercises. 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Tips for Strong Bones B．Fun Activities for Kids C．Good Habits for Bodies D．Vitamins for Physical Health Passage 4 (24-25八上·浙江宁波鄞州区·期末) Do you often have a headache (头痛) during a test? Are you so worried about something that you can’t sleep well at night? If so, then you will know what pressure (压力) is. You will feel it when you are worried about something. This worry in your mind can make your body feel bad. You may feel angry, sad or afraid—all of them can make your life bad. There are different kinds of pressure. Some kinds of pressure are good and others are bad. Good pressure might come to you when your teacher asks you to answer questions in class or when you try to get a good grade at school. This kind of pressure can help you to do things better. On the other hand, bad pressure will come if the pressure lasts too long. You may not feel well if your parents are getting on badly with each other, if a family member is sick, if you’re having problems at school, or if anything else often makes you unhappy. That kind of pressure isn’t going to help you. And it can really make you feel sick. The best way to face pressure is to make sure you keep these in mind: sleep, exercise and food. If you get enough sleep and eat healthily, and if you exercise and leave time for fun, you’ll probably have an easier life. 1．The underlined word “it” refers to (指的是) ________. A．worry B．pressure C．sleep D．test 2．From the passage, we know ________. A．all pressure is bad for us B．some pressure is good for us C．bad pressure comes to us quickly D．all pressure makes our life bad 3．________ is not a good way to face pressure. A．To do more exercise B．To have enough sleep C．To eat healthy food D．To feel angry and sad 4．This passage is probably from ________ in a newspaper. A．Healthy Life B．Latest News C．Funny Stories D．Sports Fans 主题03人与社会——校园活动 Passage 1 三、(24-25八上·浙江杭州余杭区·期末) ①Playing team sports like soccer, basketball, and volleyball is a great way for kids to keep moving and stay fit. These sports not only help their bodies but also give them important lessons for life. ②First, team sports show kids how to work together. When they play on a team, they have to help each other to win. This teaches them to talk and support each other, which is helpful in all parts of life. ③Next, playing team sports can make kids feel better about themselves and be more sure of their abilities. When kids help their team win, they will feel proud. This good feeling can help them believe in what they can do and make them feel better about who they are. ④Also, team sports help kids learn to manage (管理) their time. Kids who play sports have to fit in school, practice, and games. They know obeying discipline (纪律) is really important by doing teamwork. This teaches them to understand what the most important thing is and use their time well. ⑤Finally, being on a team is good for making friends and getting closer to people they have already known. For many kids, their teammates are like a second family. ⑥So, team sports are really important for how kids grow up. They help their bodies, minds,and social life in ways that can make their whole life better. 1．How does playing team sports help children develop life skills? A．By teaching them how to cook. B．By teaching them to work together. C．By showing them how to build a house. D．By helping them learn a new language. 2．What is the 4th paragraph mainly about? A．Team group helps save time. B．Team group helps create friendship. C．Doing team sports can get proud feelings. D．Doing team sports helps learn time management. 3．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Team sports are popular with people of all ages. B．Team sports can improve kids’ health. C．Team sports do offer children many advantages (好处). D．Team sports are better than exercising alone. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (P= Paragraph) A． B． C． D． 主题04 人与自然——节气 Passage 1 四、(24-25八上·浙江金华东阳·期末) ①Major Snow, the 21st solar term of the year, falls on Dec 6 this year. It means the beginning of midwinter. During Major Snow, the temperature falls sharply (急剧地) and there may be more snow days. ②The arrival of snow brings colors to the cold days. The snow in North China may go on a whole day, breaking trees and blocking (阻塞) the road while snow doesn’t happen a lot, but just a little, great fun in the South. ③The natural scenery is “hundreds of leagues ice-bound go; Thousands of leagues flies snow—By Mao Zedong”. “From hill to hill no bird in flight; From path to path no man in sight—By Liu Zongyuan.” In the South, the snowflakes fly around and the world turns white. ④There’s a Chinese saying: “A fall of snow gives promise of a fruitful year.”. Most farmers welcome snow because snow can protect crops (庄稼) and keep the fields warm. Even if it melts (融化), it also can give plentiful water for the crops in the spring. ⑤Snow season is also good for skiing and skating. In northern China, there are many places for natural snow and ice. For example, Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces often already have big snow in November. People can also go to the icy lakes to play ice sports. And people in the south also have man-made skating fields to enjoy winter activities. ⑥Though we have lots of fun in the snowy season, people should pay attention to respiratory diseases (呼吸道疾病). During Major Snow, it is drier and colder, so people should drink more hot water. At the same time, don’t drink cold water after doing exercise. 1．How does the writer describe the beauty of snow in Paragraph 3? A．By giving examples. B．By introducing activities. C．By showing pictures. D．By using famous poems. 2．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 4? A．A fall of snow can bring a fruitful year. B．A fall of snow does harm to a fruitful year. C．A fall of snow can make farmers healthier. D．A fall of snow can help people make a promise. 3．What can we know about Major Snow from the passage? A．Major Snow is the most beautiful term among all. B．During Major Snow, the temperature drops greatly. C．Northern people like to stay indoors to enjoy Major Snow. D．People don’t have respiratory diseases during Major Snow. 4．What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us? A．Activities in snow season. B．Snowy and icy season. C．Winter sports meetings. D．Magic snow in November. 主题05人与社会——安全 Passage 1 24-25八上·浙江宁波海曙区·期末) Drowning (溺水) is the leading cause of death for children at 1 to 4 years old, and the second leading cause of accidental death for children at 5 to 14 years old. Many people don’t know CPR (心肺复苏). And a child can drown in under 5minutes—the time it takes to check a piece of news. It is said that 19 percent of drownings happen when lifeguards are around. How to help parents protect their kids from drowning? Firstly, sign kids up for swimming lessons. This cuts down their risk of drowning by 90 percent. Secondly, if a child is missing, check the pool first. This is the best way to protect your kids from drowning. It is said that ninety-two percent of children who survive (幸存) are found within two minutes. Thirdly, move toys and furniture away to avoid attracting (吸引) kids to the pool. Lastly, don’t rely on floats (漂浮板) or other pool toys to keep your kids safe. 1．What is the main reason of death among kids at the age of I to 4? A．Traffic accidents. B．Heart problem. C．Fire. D．Drowning. 2．Why can swimming pools be dangerous for kids under 14? A．Because lifeguards can’t always be around the pool. B．Because kids are too young to learn swimming. C．Because drowning can happen very quickly. D．Because CPR may not work well on children. 3．What is the best way to protect kids from drowning? A．Teaching them how to do CPR. B．Putting toys in the pool. C．Moving floats away. D．Checking the pool every two minutes. 4．Who do you think this article is mainly written for? A．Children. B．Parents. C．Lifeguards. D．Policemen. 主题06人与社会——旅游 Passage 1 (24-25八上·浙江宁·期末) Are you thinking about taking a break? Then try the Scottish Highlands. This lovely part of Scotland has forests, rivers, lakes-called lochs in Scotland-and, of course, mountains! The mountains are beautiful and quiet, with fantastic walks. Check (查看) the weather first, though, as it can change very fast! Inverness is a main city of the Highlands. It has lots of interesting shops and restaurants. Try haggis, a Scottish dish. You can also visit Cawdor Castle, 14 miles away. Inverness is near the sea, so there’s a beach, but it can be cold, even in summer! Another place to see is Loch Ness, the lake famous for its monster (怪兽), Nessie! Visit the museum or take a boat trip across the loch. There are lots of hotels and B&Bs (民宿) in the Highlands. The B&Bs are cheaper, but sometimes they’re as good as hotels. The breakfasts are really big, so you might be full all day! They often serve afternoon tea, with sandwiches and cakes, too. You can get to Inverness or Fort William by train, but to visit the lochs and the mountains, it’s easier to drive.     Why not visit the Highlands soon? We’d love to see you! 1．Which of the following picture shows “lochs”? A． B． C． D． 2．What does the writer advise people to do in Highlands? A．Eat a Scottish dish, haggis. B．Find the monster, Nessie. C．Stay in an expensive hotel. D．Visit the lochs by train. 3．In which part of the magazine can we read this text? A．Environment. B．News. C．Education. D．Travel. 主题07人与社会——美食 Passage 1 (24-25八上·浙江杭州淳安县·期末) Most food documentaries (纪录片) in China are about popular restaurants in big cities. However, director Wang Shengzhi chooses a different way — he turns his camera to people’s kitchens in small villages in the countryside. Filmed by Wang, food documentary Taste of Home was broadcast (播出) on Fujian’s South East TV on April 7. Each episode (一集) introduces two dishes from local families in two villages. People can follow the food preparation and cooking while learning the stories of the families and the food. Wang says that the purpose of this part is to take the viewers on a trip back to their hometown. Most of the dishes that appear in the documentary use ingredients (原料) from the cooks’ own fields or yards. Wang knows that living in the city, people know little about where the food comes from. “In this documentary, I want to show the sources of all ingredients, whether it’s the pigs kept by those in the show, or the vegetables grown in their fields,” he says. Unlike filming restaurant owners or good cooks who are easier to find, Wang and his team had to work hard to find common people for their documentary. _________. They always said, “I’m not a good cook. Why would you like to film me?” “The documentary shows a feeling of family,” Wang says. “The theme of it is not about heroes but common people.” 1．What can we learn from Taste of Home? ①cooking ways ②travelling tips ③family stories ④local dishes A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 2．Which question is answered in the third paragraph? A．How can we make traditional food? B．Where can we buy fresh ingredients? C．How should we choose food ingredients? D．Where are the ingredients in the show from? 3．Which of the following can be put in _______. A．The interviewees were great cooks. B．And the chosen people were often surprised. C．The chosen ones always proudly showed their cooking skills. D．Most of the villagers were glad to offer their homemade dishes. 4．What’s the main difference between Taste of Home and other food documentaries? A．It films very good cooks. B．It shows more cooking skills. C．It is about common people. D．It uses special filming methods. 主题08人与自然——植物 Passage 1 (24-25八上·浙江嘉兴·期末) A new research from Tohoku University shows that wasabi (芥末) is good for people’s memory. Wasabi is something that people usually eat in Japanese dishes. It is made from the wasabi plant, and has always become popular on Japanese menus. For further information, a recent study tested people between the ages of sixty and eighty. Some of them took a wasabi extract (提取物) every night before going to bed, while the other testers didn’t. After three months, the people who took the wasabi extract did much better in short-term and long-term memory tests, with scores jumped an average of 18%. However, the other people did not show any improvement. Scientists already know that Wasabi has something different called 6-MSITC． It is infrequent in other plants. The researchers think that 6-MSITC might do good to the hippocampus, the area that works for memory. Scientists say they will do more research, hoping to help people with memory problems. Wasabi not only improves the taste of dishes and people’s memory, 6-MSITC in Wasabi can also help to keep us away from getting ill and offer many other good things to our health as well. The new research seems to be good news for sushi-eaters. However, most wasabi in Japan is not real wasabi. Real wasabi is difficult to grow. The plant takes nearly two years to grow up and needs strict temperature, proper sunlight and etc., and, as a result, is very expensive. 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Who took part in the test. B．How long the research lasted. C．Why people took the test. D．How scientists did the research. 2．What does the underlined word “infrequent” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Unusual to see. B．Easy to find. C．Cheap to extract. D．Expensive to buy. 3．What will the writer most probably talk about next? A．The way people eat wasabi in Japan. B．The reason why wasabi is hard to get. C．The places where real wasabi plants grow. D．The health problems that wasabi can solve. 主题09人与自然——动物 Passage 1 (24-25八上·浙江余杭市·期末) ①Sleep for humans almost always means there is a bed or a mat near here. Animals, however, have many different ways of sleeping. ②For warmth, some animals sleep in groups, such as lions monkeys, penguins and so on. Elephants also sleep in a group, but they sleep in groups for protection. The larger elephants make a circle around the younger elephants. The larger elephants sleep standing up, while the younger ones lie down to sleep. ③Some animals sleep in trees. Birds will lock their feet onto a tree to keep from falling out of the tree. Other animals, like squirrels, make nests (筑巢) in the trees to sleep in. ④Most animals look for dry places to sleep. However, ducks often sleep in water. They hold hands when they sleep in groups to keep from floating away (漂走). ⑤Most animals lie down to sleep. However, some large animals, like horses, can sleep standing up. The flamingo sleeps standing on just one leg. ⑥Most animals sleep at night, but some animals are nocturnal. Nocturnal animals sleep in the daytime. Bats and owls are nocturnal animals. They wake up when the sun goes down. ⑦Animals sleep in many different ways. But, just like humans, every animal must sleep. 1．Why do elephants sleep in groups according to the passage? A．They sleep in groups for fun. B．They sleep in groups for food. C．They sleep in groups for warmth. D．They sleep in groups for protection. 2．What does the word “nocturnal” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A．Active at night. B．With eyes wide open. C．Sleeping at night. D．Standing sleep. 3．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤⑥⑦ B．①/②③④⑤⑥/⑦ C．①②③④⑤⑥/⑦ D．①/②③/④⑤⑥⑦ 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Animals sleep at different times of night. B．Animals sleep in many different places. C．Animals’ sleeping hours are different. D．Animals sleep in many different ways. 主题10人与社会——国家礼仪 Passage 1 (24-25八上·浙江杭州·期末) In Japan, greetings are very formal and respectful. People usually bow when meeting each other. How deep and how long do they bow? That depends on the relationship and status (地位) of the person being greeted. A handshake is also acceptable in business settings, but it is usually light and short, without eye contact. In India, people often greet each other by saying “Namaste” while pressing their hands together in front of their chest and bowing their head a little. It is both a sign of respect (尊敬) and a way to keep away from each other. In some parts of India, touching the feet of elders is a traditional greeting to show respect and wish for good luck. We all know French people greet by kissing each other on both cheeks (脸颊) when they meet and before they say goodbye. In Brazil, greetings are warm and friendly too. It’s common to greet with a firm handshake and eye contact. Close friends and family often give each other a hug, or a kiss on the cheek—usually one or two kisses. 1．In which country do people sometimes touch the feet of elders to show respect? A．In Japan. B．In India. C．In France. D．In Brazil. 2．What is the common topic of the above three texts? A．Plans of travelling around. B．Fun activities in our daily life. C．Ideas of making our life better. D．Greeting ways in different cultures. 主题11人与社会——人际交往 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·浙江宁波市慈溪市·期末） “I don’t get on well with my brother. He’s very different from me and we fight a lot.” “Sometimes I want to be alone. But my sister is always there!” “I can’t have secrets (秘密) when my brother is around. He reads my text messages!” “My sister uses my things—and she doesn’t ask me first! I hate that!” According to the website (网站) GettingPersonal.co.uk, these problems are not unusual. Most teenagers have a difficult relationship with their siblings (兄弟姐妹). They fight a lot. Usually, teenagers are not worried about their siblings when things go badly for them. And they are not proud (骄傲) of them when things go well! But most grown-ups really care about their brothers and sisters and have a good relationship. So when do things change? According to the website, the answer is: around the age of 25. Madison is 28 years old. Her brother, Tyler, is 26. “I remember big fights, terrible fights with Tyler,” says Madison. “But now, our relationship is very different. We get on well—and we don’t fight. We go out together two or three times a month and we have a great time. We’re interested in the same things.” But for teenage brothers and sisters with difficult relationships, what can they do? How can they get on well? Here are a few ideas. ●When your siblings uses your things, don’t get angry about that—learn to share. ●See your brother or sister as a friend—and be nice! ●Don’t tell people your brother’s or sister’s secrets. ●Give your brother or sister some time alone when they need it. Of course, the other answer is: just wait ten years! 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling readers a true story. B．By asking teenagers some questions. C．By giving readers useful advice. D．By showing some teenagers’ problems. 2．What can we learn from the website? A．Teenagers are worried about siblings all the time. B．Teenagers are proud of siblings when they’re happy. C．Teenagers always help siblings during different times. D．Teenagers don’t care about relationships with siblings. 3．What does the underlined word “that” refer to (指)? A．Fighting a lot. B．Using your things. C．Having siblings. D．Learning to share. 4．Why does the writer write this text? A．To tell some stories about happy sibling relationships. B．To discuss possible reasons for fights between siblings. C．To show sibling problems are common and give advice. D．To invite teenagers to join the discussion about siblings. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题 06 阅读理解 （说明文） 主题01 人与自然——动物 Passage 1 (24-25八上·浙江台州临海·期末)阅读理解 ①Do you think wild boars (野猪) would be in a subway tunnel (隧道)? It happened in Nanjing on Nov 28. Wild boars are bringing us some problems these days. They run through cities, break into shops, and even hurt people. ②This is happening because there are too many of them! In recent years, the environment has got better. The wild boars live better and have more babies. There are about 2 million wild boars in China. They need more food and space, so they come into our towns. ③But can we just kill them all? That’s not a good idea. Every animal is important in nature. Wild boars eat dead animals. This stops diseases (疾病). They are like nature’s cleaners! They also dig up ground with their noses. This helps plants grow. ④What to do if you see a wild boar? Stay away! Wild boars are much stronger than pigs and can be very dangerous. A wild boar can jump 1 meter high. It weighs up to 200 kilograms. It runs at 40-70 kilometers per hour, as fast as a car. ⑤To solve the wild boar problem, we find out where the wild boars go and when they come out. This way, people can stay away from them. For example, in Jiangsu, people use 400 infrared cameras (红外相机) to watch the wild boars and make a “wild boar map”. We can also hunt (追捕) some wild boars, but we need a plan so we don’t hunt too many. In Ningxia, hunters plan to catch 300 wild boars this year to keep their numbers just right. 1．Why do wild boars come to towns? A．To clean up shops. B．To get food and space. C．To live with people. D．To look for their babies. 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The role of wild boars. B．The ways to kill wild boars. C．The danger of wild boars. D．The diseases from wild boars. 3．In Paragraph 4, how does the writer show wild boars are dangerous? A．By telling stories. B．By giving examples. C．By listing numbers. D．By showing opinions. 4．To work out the wild boar problem, we should ________. A．plan to catch wild boars B．hunt all the wild boars C．feed wild boars more D．give them more places 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了野猪给人们带来的困扰，以及应对野猪的方法和相关注意事项。 1．细节理解题。根据“They need more food and space, so they come into our towns.”可知，野猪来到城镇是为了获取食物和空间，故选B。 2．主旨大意题。根据“Wild boars eat dead animals. This stops diseases (疾病). They are like nature's cleaners! They also dig up ground with their noses. This helps plants grow.”可知，该段主要讲述了野猪在自然界中的作用，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“A wild boar can jump 1 meter high. It weighs up to 200 kilograms. It runs at 40-70 kilometers per hour, as fast as a car.”可知，通过列举野猪能跳的高度、体重以及奔跑速度等数字，来表明野猪是危险的，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“To solve the wild boar problem, we find out where the wild boars go and when they come out. This way, people can stay away from them.”以及“We can also hunt (追捕) some wild boars, but we need a plan so we don’t hunt too many.”可知，为了解决野猪问题，我们应该有计划地捕捉野猪，故选A。 Passage 2 (24-25八上·浙江宁·期末) The Big Garden Birdwatch is the world’s largest garden wildlife survey. This year, it takes place from January 26 to 28. A charity called Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) organizes this survey to collect information about the health of garden birds in the UK. Anyone can take part in the survey. Ask an adult to help you find a free bird guide from the RSPB website. Then, choose a place to count (数数) birds for one hour at any time from January 26 to 28. It can be in a garden or on a park. During that hour, just write down every bird that lands in your place and send in your results. Last year, more than half a million people joined in. Together, they counted about 9 million birds, and it showed that house sparrows were the most seen birds. But their numbers were 45% of those in 1979. The RSPB reports that there are 38 million fewer birds in the UK than there were 60years ago. It is caused by many things. One of the main reasons is that farmers use machines and chemicals to have more crops or animals. This leads to losing habitats (栖息地). The Big Garden Birdwatch is important because it gives the RSPB the newest information. The charity works with the government to make new laws and rules to save the birds, and it says everyone needs to play a role in saving the nature. 1．What’s the purpose (目的) of the survey? A．To teach people how to farm. B．To collect information about birds. C．To make money for wildlife parks. D．To organize a competition for people. 2．What does the underlined word “It” refer to? A．The time to count birds. B．The place to count birds. C．The guide of counting birds. D．The result of counting birds. 3．How many birds did people count in 1979? A．About 4 million. B．About 9 million. C．About 20 million. D．About 38 million. 4．Why is the Big Garden Birdwatch important? A．Because it helps save the birds. B．Because it helps improve habitats. C．Because it helps farmers grow plants. D．Because it helps look for more birds. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了皇家鸟类保护协会运作的每年一度的“大花园鸟类观察”活动，这项活动为英国野生鸟类的生存状况提供了宝贵信息，并且使人与自然的联系更加密切。 1．细节理解题。根据“organizes this survey to collect information about the health of garden birds in the UK”，这个调查是为了收集有关鸟类健康状况的信息。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Then, choose a place to count (数数) birds for one hour at any time from January 26 to 28. It can be in a garden or on a park.”可知，此处It表示“数鸟的地方”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Together, they counted about 9 million birds, and it showed that house sparrows were the most seen birds. But their numbers were 45% of those in 1979.”可知，他们数了大约900万只鸟，但它们的数量只有1979年的45%，所以1979年时应有2千万。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“The Big Garden Birdwatch is important because it gives the RSPB the newest information..to save the birds”可知，它有助于拯救鸟类。故选A。 主题02 人与社会——文化与学习 Passage 1 （24-25八上·浙江杭州市·期末） “Ugly” products (丑萌产品) have become a hit among the young. Chen Siru, 13, Zhejiang I have a special toy named Labubu. It seemed so ugly to me at the first sight. It may be because of its sharp teeth and a very big mouth. But then I found it cute after looking at it carefully. It always has soft black eyes and a bright smile. Labubu is a lovely toy, isn't it? Yin Peixin, 13, Hubei I have a “cabbage dog”. It gets this name because it has the cute face of an Akita Inu (秋田犬). But it also has a green cabbage body. I don't think it's ugly at all. The cabbage dog is my friend. It can make me feel better when I'm sad. I can also use it as a mini pillow for a good sleep. Zhang Kexin, 14, Beijing I want to have a green fish mask. It has a fish-like mouth and two nostrils (鼻孔). People can see through the two “holes” while wearing it. One of my classmates has one and he wore it for a tug-of-war (拔河) competition in our school. When I saw it that day, my stress (压力) about taking part in the competition went right away. It is really fun. 1．When Chen Siru saw Labubu for the first time, he thought it was ________. A．scary B．ugly C．cute D．beautiful 2．The name of the cabbage dog is from ________. A．its size B．its color C．its looks D．its food 3．Zhang Kexin likes the green fish mask because _________. A．it has a very big mouth B．it always smiles and looks cute C．it helps him win the competition D．it brings fun and makes him relaxed 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“丑萌产品”在年轻人中受欢迎的现象，并通过三位不同地区学生的分享，展示了他们喜爱的丑萌产品。 1．细节理解题。根据“Chen Siru, 13, Zhejiang: I have a special toy named Labubu. It seemed so ugly to me at the first sight.”可知，陈斯儒第一次看到Labubu时，觉得它很丑，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Yin Peixin, 13, Hubei: It gets this name because it has the cute face of an Akita Inu (秋田犬). But it also has a green cabbage body.”可知，“白菜狗”这个名字源于它的外观，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Zhang Kexin, 14, Beijing: When I saw it that day, my stress (压力) about taking part in the competition went right away. It is really fun.”可知，张可欣喜欢绿色鱼面具是因为它能带来乐趣，让他放松，故选D。 Passage 2 (24-25八上·浙江杭州滨江区·期末) Whether you enjoy books filled with facts or like interesting stories, reading is good for your health. Reading opens your eyes and mind to a new world. You can find out about people living different lives from yours and amazing facts about the earth. You can learn about important news and how you can make a difference to the world. Reading improves your understanding of people and the world around you. Sarah Driver, a teacher for 25 years, says, “Reading helps you understand how other people feel because you get to see things from their eyes. It’s like standing in their shoes and seeing the world the way they do.” This is called empathy. Reading also helps to improve your creativity. As Driver says, “You begin to picture the story in your head and create your own images (图像). It helps you think of new ideas and find different ways to solve problems: It’s a new world to experience in your mind.” Reading can also bring you closer to your friends and help you to make new ones as you share books and writers you like with each other. You can start a book club where everyone decides what to read and talks about it together. There are times when you may want to escape (逃离) into another world. You can do that with a book without going anywhere. When you’re reading a story that catches your interest, you forget everything around you. If you’re feeling tired, upset or lonely, getting lost in a story can give you peace and help you relax. Reading can also help you understand any difficult feelings you might have. Driver says. “It’s like having a friend who understands. When you’re feeling sad or angry, you can read about characters going through similar things. They show you different ways to face those feelings and find answers and hope.” 1．What does the underlined word “empathy” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Listening to your own heart. B．Looking at yourself in the mirror. C．Understanding others’ feelings. D．Sharing your feelings with others. 2．How does reading help you make friends according to Paragraph 3? A．By sharing interests with others. B．By picturing your friends in mind. C．By reading in the book club alone. D．By finding ways to solve problems. 3．What can you do when having bad feelings according to the text? A．Go to some places you like. B．Lose yourself in a good story. C．Take a book wherever you go. D．Find friends to talk about them. 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Who can start a reading club? B．What are good reading habits? C．How to make reading interesting? D．Why is reading books important? 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了阅读对个人身心健康、理解他人和世界、提高创造力以及交友方面的积极影响，强调了阅读的重要性。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Reading helps you understand how other people feel because you get to see things from their eyes. It’s like standing in their shoes and seeing the world the way they do.”可知，阅读可以帮助你理解别人的感受，因为你能够从他们的角度看问题，就像站在他们的立场上看世界一样；可推测出“empathy”意为“同感”，即“理解他人的感受”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Reading can also bring you closer to your friends and help you to make new ones as you share books and writers you like with each other.”可知，阅读可以让你与朋友更亲近，并帮助你结交新朋友，因为你可以与朋友分享你喜欢的书籍和作家。因此，通过阅读并与他人分享兴趣可以帮助你交朋友。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“If you’re feeling tired, upset or lonely, getting lost in a story can give you peace and help you relax.”可知，如果你感到疲惫、沮丧或孤独，沉浸在故事中可以给你带来平静并帮助你放松。因此，当你有不好的感觉时，你可以通过沉浸在好的故事中来缓解情绪。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章从多个方面阐述了阅读的重要性，包括对个人健康、理解力和创造力的积极影响，以及阅读在交友方面的作用；选项D“为什么读书很重要？”为最佳标题。故选D。 Passage 3 (24-25八上·浙江义乌市·期末) A healthy life needs strong bones (骨骼). There are three easy ways to keep our bones strong and healthy. Let’s learn together! Eating calcium-rich (富含钙的) foods Calcium is like a superhero for our bones. It helps them stay strong and healthy, just like how a good breakfast gives you energy for the day. Calcium-rich foods include milk, cheese, yogurt and nuts. ① . Eating these foods every day helps our bones grow strong. Doing fun exercises Exercise is fantastic for our bones. ② . Weight-bearing (负重) exercises are activities where your feet and legs carry your body weight. This kind of activity helps your bones get stronger. You can also try some other exciting exercises: jump like a kangaroo around the school playground or the park; skip rope with your friends and see how many skips you can do; or play hopscotch with your friends. ③ . If you love sports and are active, strengthening bones when you’re a kid can help you have healthy bones when you grow up. Getting some sunshine for vitamin D Vitamin D helps our bodies use calcium to strengthen bones. ④ . Spend about 15-20minutes outside in the sun each day. You can play at the park, ride your bike, or just enjoy a walk with your family. But remember to stay safe in the sun, such as wearing sunglasses. Take care of our bones by starting these habits, will you? 1．Which food is not rich in calcium? A．Nuts. B．Cheese. C．Turkey. D．Yogurt. 2．Where can be best put the sentence “The best way is by spending some time in the sun”? A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3．Who will have strong bones? A．Tony hardly drinks milk. B．Lily skips rope every day. C．Betty likes to stay at home. D．Peter seldom does exercises. 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Tips for Strong Bones B．Fun Activities for Kids C．Good Habits for Bodies D．Vitamins for Physical Health 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了保持骨骼健康和强壮的三种简单方法 1．细节理解题。根据“Calcium-rich foods include milk, cheese, yogurt and nuts.”可知，富含钙的食物包括牛奶、奶酪、酸奶和坚果。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Spend about 15-20minutes outside in the sun each day.”可知，每天在阳光下待15-20分钟，故此处应是与晒太阳有关。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“This kind of activity helps your bones get stronger...skip rope with your friends and see how many skips you can do”可知，跳绳可以让骨骼强壮。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文并根据“A healthy life needs strong bones (骨骼). There are three easy ways to keep our bones strong and healthy.”可知，本文主要介绍了保持骨骼健康和强壮的方法。故选A。 Passage 4 (24-25八上·浙江宁波鄞州区·期末) Do you often have a headache (头痛) during a test? Are you so worried about something that you can’t sleep well at night? If so, then you will know what pressure (压力) is. You will feel it when you are worried about something. This worry in your mind can make your body feel bad. You may feel angry, sad or afraid—all of them can make your life bad. There are different kinds of pressure. Some kinds of pressure are good and others are bad. Good pressure might come to you when your teacher asks you to answer questions in class or when you try to get a good grade at school. This kind of pressure can help you to do things better. On the other hand, bad pressure will come if the pressure lasts too long. You may not feel well if your parents are getting on badly with each other, if a family member is sick, if you’re having problems at school, or if anything else often makes you unhappy. That kind of pressure isn’t going to help you. And it can really make you feel sick. The best way to face pressure is to make sure you keep these in mind: sleep, exercise and food. If you get enough sleep and eat healthily, and if you exercise and leave time for fun, you’ll probably have an easier life. 1．The underlined word “it” refers to (指的是) ________. A．worry B．pressure C．sleep D．test 2．From the passage, we know ________. A．all pressure is bad for us B．some pressure is good for us C．bad pressure comes to us quickly D．all pressure makes our life bad 3．________ is not a good way to face pressure. A．To do more exercise B．To have enough sleep C．To eat healthy food D．To feel angry and sad 4．This passage is probably from ________ in a newspaper. A．Healthy Life B．Latest News C．Funny Stories D．Sports Fans 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了压力的相关内容，包括压力的表现、种类以及应对压力的最佳方式。 1．词句猜测题。根据上文“If so, then you will know what pressure (压力) is.”可知，这里说的是如果你有前面提到的情况，你就会知道压力是什么，接着说“You will feel it when you are worried about something.”，所以这里的it指的就是前面提到的pressure“压力”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some kinds of pressure are good and others are bad.”以及“Good pressure might come to you when your teacher asks you to answer questions in class or when you try to get a good grade at school. This kind of pressure can help you to do things better.”可知，有些压力对我们是有好处的，能帮助我们把事情做得更好，并不是所有压力都是坏的。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The best way to face pressure is to make sure you keep these in mind: sleep, exercise and food. If you get enough sleep and eat healthily, and if you exercise and leave time for fun, you’ll probably have an easier life.”可知，充足的睡眠、健康的饮食以及锻炼都是应对压力的好方法。故选D。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了压力对人的影响以及如何通过健康的生活方式来应对压力，与健康生活相关。故选A。 主题03人与社会——校园活动 Passage 1 三、(24-25八上·浙江杭州余杭区·期末) ①Playing team sports like soccer, basketball, and volleyball is a great way for kids to keep moving and stay fit. These sports not only help their bodies but also give them important lessons for life. ②First, team sports show kids how to work together. When they play on a team, they have to help each other to win. This teaches them to talk and support each other, which is helpful in all parts of life. ③Next, playing team sports can make kids feel better about themselves and be more sure of their abilities. When kids help their team win, they will feel proud. This good feeling can help them believe in what they can do and make them feel better about who they are. ④Also, team sports help kids learn to manage (管理) their time. Kids who play sports have to fit in school, practice, and games. They know obeying discipline (纪律) is really important by doing teamwork. This teaches them to understand what the most important thing is and use their time well. ⑤Finally, being on a team is good for making friends and getting closer to people they have already known. For many kids, their teammates are like a second family. ⑥So, team sports are really important for how kids grow up. They help their bodies, minds,and social life in ways that can make their whole life better. 1．How does playing team sports help children develop life skills? A．By teaching them how to cook. B．By teaching them to work together. C．By showing them how to build a house. D．By helping them learn a new language. 2．What is the 4th paragraph mainly about? A．Team group helps save time. B．Team group helps create friendship. C．Doing team sports can get proud feelings. D．Doing team sports helps learn time management. 3．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Team sports are popular with people of all ages. B．Team sports can improve kids’ health. C．Team sports do offer children many advantages (好处). D．Team sports are better than exercising alone. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (P= Paragraph) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲了团队运动对孩子们的多种好处。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“First, team sports show kids how to work together. When they play on a team, they have to help each other to win. This teaches them to talk and support each other, which is helpful in all parts of life.”可知，通过教会孩子们团队合作，可以帮助他们发展生活技能。故选B。 2．段落大意题。根据第四段“Also, team sports help kids learn to manage (管理) their time. Kids...use their time well.”可知，本段主要讲述团队运动帮助孩子们学习时间管理。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了团队运动对孩子们的多种好处。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。第一段总述团队运动对孩子们身心有好处；第二、三、四、五段分别列举了团队运动的具体好处，第六段总结团队运动对于孩子们的重要性及好处。故本句结构为总——分——总。故选C。 主题04 人与自然——节气 Passage 1 四、(24-25八上·浙江金华东阳·期末) ①Major Snow, the 21st solar term of the year, falls on Dec 6 this year. It means the beginning of midwinter. During Major Snow, the temperature falls sharply (急剧地) and there may be more snow days. ②The arrival of snow brings colors to the cold days. The snow in North China may go on a whole day, breaking trees and blocking (阻塞) the road while snow doesn’t happen a lot, but just a little, great fun in the South. ③The natural scenery is “hundreds of leagues ice-bound go; Thousands of leagues flies snow—By Mao Zedong”. “From hill to hill no bird in flight; From path to path no man in sight—By Liu Zongyuan.” In the South, the snowflakes fly around and the world turns white. ④There’s a Chinese saying: “A fall of snow gives promise of a fruitful year.”. Most farmers welcome snow because snow can protect crops (庄稼) and keep the fields warm. Even if it melts (融化), it also can give plentiful water for the crops in the spring. ⑤Snow season is also good for skiing and skating. In northern China, there are many places for natural snow and ice. For example, Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces often already have big snow in November. People can also go to the icy lakes to play ice sports. And people in the south also have man-made skating fields to enjoy winter activities. ⑥Though we have lots of fun in the snowy season, people should pay attention to respiratory diseases (呼吸道疾病). During Major Snow, it is drier and colder, so people should drink more hot water. At the same time, don’t drink cold water after doing exercise. 1．How does the writer describe the beauty of snow in Paragraph 3? A．By giving examples. B．By introducing activities. C．By showing pictures. D．By using famous poems. 2．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 4? A．A fall of snow can bring a fruitful year. B．A fall of snow does harm to a fruitful year. C．A fall of snow can make farmers healthier. D．A fall of snow can help people make a promise. 3．What can we know about Major Snow from the passage? A．Major Snow is the most beautiful term among all. B．During Major Snow, the temperature drops greatly. C．Northern people like to stay indoors to enjoy Major Snow. D．People don’t have respiratory diseases during Major Snow. 4．What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us? A．Activities in snow season. B．Snowy and icy season. C．Winter sports meetings. D．Magic snow in November. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国二十四节气中的大雪节气，包括大雪节气的气候特点、自然景观、对农作物的影响以及人们在雪季中的活动。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段“The natural scenery is… hill to hill no bird in flight”以及第四段“There’s a Chinese saying: ‘A fall of snow gives promise of a fruitful year.’” 可推知，作者通过谚语和诗歌来描述雪的美。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“There’s a Chinese saying: ‘A fall of snow gives promise of a fruitful year’ . Most farmers welcome… water for the crops in the spring.”可知，雪可以保护庄稼免受冷锋的侵袭，使田地保持温暖，即使它融化了，它也可以在春天为作物提供足够的水。所以，此处是指一场雪能带来丰饶的一年。 故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段“During Major Snow, the temperature falls sharply and there may be more snow days.”可知，大雪期间，气温急剧下降，可能会有更多的下雪天。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第五段可知，此段描述的是雪季的活动，所以，选项A“雪季的活动”符合题意。故选A。 主题05人与社会——安全 Passage 1 24-25八上·浙江宁波海曙区·期末) Drowning (溺水) is the leading cause of death for children at 1 to 4 years old, and the second leading cause of accidental death for children at 5 to 14 years old. Many people don’t know CPR (心肺复苏). And a child can drown in under 5minutes—the time it takes to check a piece of news. It is said that 19 percent of drownings happen when lifeguards are around. How to help parents protect their kids from drowning? Firstly, sign kids up for swimming lessons. This cuts down their risk of drowning by 90 percent. Secondly, if a child is missing, check the pool first. This is the best way to protect your kids from drowning. It is said that ninety-two percent of children who survive (幸存) are found within two minutes. Thirdly, move toys and furniture away to avoid attracting (吸引) kids to the pool. Lastly, don’t rely on floats (漂浮板) or other pool toys to keep your kids safe. 1．What is the main reason of death among kids at the age of I to 4? A．Traffic accidents. B．Heart problem. C．Fire. D．Drowning. 2．Why can swimming pools be dangerous for kids under 14? A．Because lifeguards can’t always be around the pool. B．Because kids are too young to learn swimming. C．Because drowning can happen very quickly. D．Because CPR may not work well on children. 3．What is the best way to protect kids from drowning? A．Teaching them how to do CPR. B．Putting toys in the pool. C．Moving floats away. D．Checking the pool every two minutes. 4．Who do you think this article is mainly written for? A．Children. B．Parents. C．Lifeguards. D．Policemen. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要是向家长介绍如何保护孩子免于溺水等安全知识。 1．细节理解题。根据“Drowning (溺水) is the leading cause of death for children at I to 4 years old,” 可知，1至4岁儿童主要的死亡原因是溺水，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“And a child can drown in under 5minutes—the time it takes to check a piece of news.” 可知，儿童溺水发生得非常迅速，这是游泳池对14岁以下儿童危险的原因之一，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“if a child is missing, check the pool first. This is the best way to protect your kids from drowning.”可知，首先检查泳池是保护孩子溺水的最佳方法，故选D。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据“How to help parents protect their kids from drowning?  Firstly, sign kids up for swimming lessons.”可知，文章主要是向家长介绍如何保护孩子免于溺水等安全知识，可推断文章的主要读者是父母，故选B。 主题06人与社会——旅游 Passage 1 (24-25八上·浙江宁·期末) Are you thinking about taking a break? Then try the Scottish Highlands. This lovely part of Scotland has forests, rivers, lakes-called lochs in Scotland-and, of course, mountains! The mountains are beautiful and quiet, with fantastic walks. Check (查看) the weather first, though, as it can change very fast! Inverness is a main city of the Highlands. It has lots of interesting shops and restaurants. Try haggis, a Scottish dish. You can also visit Cawdor Castle, 14 miles away. Inverness is near the sea, so there’s a beach, but it can be cold, even in summer! Another place to see is Loch Ness, the lake famous for its monster (怪兽), Nessie! Visit the museum or take a boat trip across the loch. There are lots of hotels and B&Bs (民宿) in the Highlands. The B&Bs are cheaper, but sometimes they’re as good as hotels. The breakfasts are really big, so you might be full all day! They often serve afternoon tea, with sandwiches and cakes, too. You can get to Inverness or Fort William by train, but to visit the lochs and the mountains, it’s easier to drive.     Why not visit the Highlands soon? We’d love to see you! 1．Which of the following picture shows “lochs”? A． B． C． D． 2．What does the writer advise people to do in Highlands? A．Eat a Scottish dish, haggis. B．Find the monster, Nessie. C．Stay in an expensive hotel. D．Visit the lochs by train. 3．In which part of the magazine can we read this text? A．Environment. B．News. C．Education. D．Travel. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了苏格兰高地的旅游景点、美食、住宿及交通等相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“lakes-called lochs in Scotland” 可知，“lochs”指湖泊，所以选择展示湖泊的图片。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“It has lots of interesting shops and restaurants. Try haggis, a Scottish dish.” 可知，作者建议在高地尝试苏格兰菜肴haggis。故选A。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了苏格兰高地的景点、美食、住宿以及交通等旅游相关信息，目的是吸引人们去苏格兰高地旅游，所以应出现在杂志的旅游板块。故选D。 主题07人与社会——美食 Passage 1 (24-25八上·浙江杭州淳安县·期末) Most food documentaries (纪录片) in China are about popular restaurants in big cities. However, director Wang Shengzhi chooses a different way — he turns his camera to people’s kitchens in small villages in the countryside. Filmed by Wang, food documentary Taste of Home was broadcast (播出) on Fujian’s South East TV on April 7. Each episode (一集) introduces two dishes from local families in two villages. People can follow the food preparation and cooking while learning the stories of the families and the food. Wang says that the purpose of this part is to take the viewers on a trip back to their hometown. Most of the dishes that appear in the documentary use ingredients (原料) from the cooks’ own fields or yards. Wang knows that living in the city, people know little about where the food comes from. “In this documentary, I want to show the sources of all ingredients, whether it’s the pigs kept by those in the show, or the vegetables grown in their fields,” he says. Unlike filming restaurant owners or good cooks who are easier to find, Wang and his team had to work hard to find common people for their documentary. _________. They always said, “I’m not a good cook. Why would you like to film me?” “The documentary shows a feeling of family,” Wang says. “The theme of it is not about heroes but common people.” 1．What can we learn from Taste of Home? ①cooking ways ②travelling tips ③family stories ④local dishes A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 2．Which question is answered in the third paragraph? A．How can we make traditional food? B．Where can we buy fresh ingredients? C．How should we choose food ingredients? D．Where are the ingredients in the show from? 3．Which of the following can be put in _______. A．The interviewees were great cooks. B．And the chosen people were often surprised. C．The chosen ones always proudly showed their cooking skills. D．Most of the villagers were glad to offer their homemade dishes. 4．What’s the main difference between Taste of Home and other food documentaries? A．It films very good cooks. B．It shows more cooking skills. C．It is about common people. D．It uses special filming methods. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了一部与众不同的美食纪录片的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Each episode (一集) introduces two dishes from local families in two villages.”、“People can follow the food preparation and cooking while learning the stories of the families and the food.”可知我们可以了解到如何烹饪食物、家庭故事和当地菜肴。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Most of the dishes that appear in the documentary use ingredients (原料) from the cooks’ own fields or yards.”可知第三段介绍了纪录片中的食材来源。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“They always said, ‘I’m not a good cook. Why would you like to film me?’”可知被选中拍摄的人很惊讶，选项B“而被选中的人常常感到惊讶。”符合，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Most food documentaries (纪录片) in China are about popular restaurants in big cities. However, director Wang Shengzhi chooses a different way — he turns his camera to people’s kitchens in small villages in the countryside.”可知本纪录片与其他纪录片的主要区别在于它是关于普通人的，故选C。 主题08人与自然——植物 Passage 1 (24-25八上·浙江嘉兴·期末) A new research from Tohoku University shows that wasabi (芥末) is good for people’s memory. Wasabi is something that people usually eat in Japanese dishes. It is made from the wasabi plant, and has always become popular on Japanese menus. For further information, a recent study tested people between the ages of sixty and eighty. Some of them took a wasabi extract (提取物) every night before going to bed, while the other testers didn’t. After three months, the people who took the wasabi extract did much better in short-term and long-term memory tests, with scores jumped an average of 18%. However, the other people did not show any improvement. Scientists already know that Wasabi has something different called 6-MSITC． It is infrequent in other plants. The researchers think that 6-MSITC might do good to the hippocampus, the area that works for memory. Scientists say they will do more research, hoping to help people with memory problems. Wasabi not only improves the taste of dishes and people’s memory, 6-MSITC in Wasabi can also help to keep us away from getting ill and offer many other good things to our health as well. The new research seems to be good news for sushi-eaters. However, most wasabi in Japan is not real wasabi. Real wasabi is difficult to grow. The plant takes nearly two years to grow up and needs strict temperature, proper sunlight and etc., and, as a result, is very expensive. 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Who took part in the test. B．How long the research lasted. C．Why people took the test. D．How scientists did the research. 2．What does the underlined word “infrequent” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Unusual to see. B．Easy to find. C．Cheap to extract. D．Expensive to buy. 3．What will the writer most probably talk about next? A．The way people eat wasabi in Japan. B．The reason why wasabi is hard to get. C．The places where real wasabi plants grow. D．The health problems that wasabi can solve. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了芥末对人们的记忆力有好处。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段内容可知，第二段主要描述了科学家是如何进行研究的，包括测试人群、实验过程及结果对比等细节，故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Scientists already know that Wasabi has something different called 6-MSITC. It is infrequent in other plants.”可知，科学家们知道芥末有一种叫做6-MSITC的不同物质。这在其他植物中并不常见。“infrequent”意为“Unusual to see.”，故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“The plant takes nearly two years to grow up and needs strict temperature, proper sunlight and etc., and, as a result, is very expensive.”可知，真正的芥末植物很难种植。因此接下来讲述真正的芥末植物生长的地方，故选C。 主题09人与自然——动物 Passage 1 (24-25八上·浙江余杭市·期末) ①Sleep for humans almost always means there is a bed or a mat near here. Animals, however, have many different ways of sleeping. ②For warmth, some animals sleep in groups, such as lions monkeys, penguins and so on. Elephants also sleep in a group, but they sleep in groups for protection. The larger elephants make a circle around the younger elephants. The larger elephants sleep standing up, while the younger ones lie down to sleep. ③Some animals sleep in trees. Birds will lock their feet onto a tree to keep from falling out of the tree. Other animals, like squirrels, make nests (筑巢) in the trees to sleep in. ④Most animals look for dry places to sleep. However, ducks often sleep in water. They hold hands when they sleep in groups to keep from floating away (漂走). ⑤Most animals lie down to sleep. However, some large animals, like horses, can sleep standing up. The flamingo sleeps standing on just one leg. ⑥Most animals sleep at night, but some animals are nocturnal. Nocturnal animals sleep in the daytime. Bats and owls are nocturnal animals. They wake up when the sun goes down. ⑦Animals sleep in many different ways. But, just like humans, every animal must sleep. 1．Why do elephants sleep in groups according to the passage? A．They sleep in groups for fun. B．They sleep in groups for food. C．They sleep in groups for warmth. D．They sleep in groups for protection. 2．What does the word “nocturnal” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A．Active at night. B．With eyes wide open. C．Sleeping at night. D．Standing sleep. 3．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤⑥⑦ B．①/②③④⑤⑥/⑦ C．①②③④⑤⑥/⑦ D．①/②③/④⑤⑥⑦ 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Animals sleep at different times of night. B．Animals sleep in many different places. C．Animals’ sleeping hours are different. D．Animals sleep in many different ways. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了不同的动物有不同的睡觉方式及其原因。 1．细节理解题。根据“Elephants also sleep in a group, but they sleep in groups for protection.”可知，大象聚在一起睡觉是为了保护自己。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Nocturnal animals sleep in the daytime. Bats and owls are nocturnal animals. They wake up when the sun goes down.”可知，这类动物白天睡觉，晚上活跃，可推测出“nocturnal”意为“夜间活动的”，与“active at night”意思相近。故选A。 3．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段提出了文章的主题，不同的生物有不同的睡觉方式；第二至六段分别举例说明不同的动物有不同的睡觉方式及其原因；最后一段总结全文。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Animals, however, have many different ways of sleeping.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了不同的动物的不同睡觉方式。故选D。 主题10人与社会——国家礼仪 Passage 1 (24-25八上·浙江杭州·期末) In Japan, greetings are very formal and respectful. People usually bow when meeting each other. How deep and how long do they bow? That depends on the relationship and status (地位) of the person being greeted. A handshake is also acceptable in business settings, but it is usually light and short, without eye contact. In India, people often greet each other by saying “Namaste” while pressing their hands together in front of their chest and bowing their head a little. It is both a sign of respect (尊敬) and a way to keep away from each other. In some parts of India, touching the feet of elders is a traditional greeting to show respect and wish for good luck. We all know French people greet by kissing each other on both cheeks (脸颊) when they meet and before they say goodbye. In Brazil, greetings are warm and friendly too. It’s common to greet with a firm handshake and eye contact. Close friends and family often give each other a hug, or a kiss on the cheek—usually one or two kisses. 1．In which country do people sometimes touch the feet of elders to show respect? A．In Japan. B．In India. C．In France. D．In Brazil. 2．What is the common topic of the above three texts? A．Plans of travelling around. B．Fun activities in our daily life. C．Ideas of making our life better. D．Greeting ways in different cultures. 【答案】1．B 2．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同国家的人们在见面时的问候方式和习俗。 1．细节理解题。根据“In some parts of India, touching the feet of elders is a traditional greeting to show respect and wish for good luck.”可知，在印度的一些地区，人们通过触摸长辈的脚来表达尊敬并祈求好运。故选B。 2．主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文旨在向读者介绍不同国家各具特色的问候习俗。故选D。 主题11人与社会——人际交往 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·浙江宁波市慈溪市·期末） “I don’t get on well with my brother. He’s very different from me and we fight a lot.” “Sometimes I want to be alone. But my sister is always there!” “I can’t have secrets (秘密) when my brother is around. He reads my text messages!” “My sister uses my things—and she doesn’t ask me first! I hate that!” According to the website (网站) GettingPersonal.co.uk, these problems are not unusual. Most teenagers have a difficult relationship with their siblings (兄弟姐妹). They fight a lot. Usually, teenagers are not worried about their siblings when things go badly for them. And they are not proud (骄傲) of them when things go well! But most grown-ups really care about their brothers and sisters and have a good relationship. So when do things change? According to the website, the answer is: around the age of 25. Madison is 28 years old. Her brother, Tyler, is 26. “I remember big fights, terrible fights with Tyler,” says Madison. “But now, our relationship is very different. We get on well—and we don’t fight. We go out together two or three times a month and we have a great time. We’re interested in the same things.” But for teenage brothers and sisters with difficult relationships, what can they do? How can they get on well? Here are a few ideas. ●When your siblings uses your things, don’t get angry about that—learn to share. ●See your brother or sister as a friend—and be nice! ●Don’t tell people your brother’s or sister’s secrets. ●Give your brother or sister some time alone when they need it. Of course, the other answer is: just wait ten years! 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling readers a true story. B．By asking teenagers some questions. C．By giving readers useful advice. D．By showing some teenagers’ problems. 2．What can we learn from the website? A．Teenagers are worried about siblings all the time. B．Teenagers are proud of siblings when they’re happy. C．Teenagers always help siblings during different times. D．Teenagers don’t care about relationships with siblings. 3．What does the underlined word “that” refer to (指)? A．Fighting a lot. B．Using your things. C．Having siblings. D．Learning to share. 4．Why does the writer write this text? A．To tell some stories about happy sibling relationships. B．To discuss possible reasons for fights between siblings. C．To show sibling problems are common and give advice. D．To invite teenagers to join the discussion about siblings. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要讨论了青少年与兄弟姐妹之间的关系问题。文章还提供了一些建议，帮助青少年改善与兄弟姐妹的关系，比如学会分享、将对方视为朋友、保守秘密以及给予对方独处的空间等。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“I don’t get on well with my brother. He’s very different from me and we fight a lot.”可知，我和我哥哥相处不好。他和我非常不同，我们经常吵架。根据“Sometimes I want to be alone. But my sister is always there!”可知，有时我想一个人待着。但是我姐姐总是在那里！根据“I can’t have secrets (秘密) when my brother is around. He reads my text messages!”可知，我哥哥在身边的时候，我不能有秘密。他看我的短信！根据“My sister uses my things-and she doesn’t ask me first! I hate that!”可知，我姐姐用我的东西，她也不先问问我！我讨厌那样！可见，作者通过展示一些青少年的问题来开始这篇文章。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段“According to the website (网站) GettingPersonal.co.uk, these problems are not unusual. Most teenagers have a difficult relationship with their siblings (兄弟姐妹). They fight a lot. Usually, teenagers are not worried about their siblings when things go badly for them. And they are not proud (骄傲) of them when things go well!”可知，据GettingPersonal.co.uk网站称，这些问题并不罕见。大多数青少年与兄弟姐妹的关系都不好。他们经常吵架。通常，当事情对他们不利时，青少年们并不担心他们的兄弟姐妹。当他们做得很好时，他们也不会为他们感到骄傲！由此可知，从网站上我们可以学到青少年不关心与兄弟姐妹的关系。故选D。 3．代词指代题。根据第四段“My sister uses my things—and she doesn’t ask me first! I hate that!”我妹妹用我的东西——她没有先问过我！我讨厌那样！由此可知，此处that指代的是“用你的东西”，that指代的是“Using your things”。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第五段“According to the website (网站) GettingPersonal.co.uk, these problems are not unusual. Most teenagers have a difficult relationship with their siblings (兄弟姐妹).”据GettingPersonal.co.uk网站称，这些问题并不罕见。大多数青少年与兄弟姐妹的关系都不好。在根据最后四段给出的一些建议可知，作者写这篇文章是为了表明兄弟姐妹之间的问题很常见，并给出一些建议。故选C。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $