Unit 1 Culture in names 词汇同步笔记 清单-2024-2025学年高中英语重大版选择性必修第四册

2025-11-25
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语重庆大学版选择性必修第四册
年级 高二
章节 Unit 1 Culture in Names
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-新授课
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 DOCX
文件大小 52 KB
发布时间 2025-11-25
更新时间 2025-11-25
作者 匿名
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2025-11-25
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重大版 选必4 Unit 1 Culture in names.词汇同步笔记 序号 单词 词形变化 派生词 核心考点 例句 1 truthful adj. 诚实的 比较级:more truthful;最高级:most truthful truth n. 真相;truthfully adv. 诚实地 1. be truthful about(对……诚实)2. truthful statement(诚实的陈述) She is always truthful about her mistakes.(她对自己的错误总是很诚实。) 2 apart adv. 分离地 无比较级/最高级 apart from(除……之外) 1. apart from(除……外)2. set apart(使分离) The two buildings are 50 meters apart.(这两栋楼相距50米。) 3 plain adj. (用于姓名前)直呼其名的,不带头衔的 比较级:plainer;最高级:plainest plainly adv. 清楚地;plainness n. 朴素 1. plain name(直呼其名)2. plain clothes(便衣) He asked us to call him by his plain name.(他让我们直呼他的名字。) 4 baker n. 面包师 名词复数:bakers bake v. 烘焙;bakery n. 面包店 1. a local baker(当地面包师)2. master baker(面包大师) The baker makes fresh bread every morning.(这位面包师每天早上都做新鲜面包。) 5 bake vt. 烤;烘焙 过去式/过去分词:baked;名词复数:bakes baker n. 面包师;bakery n. 面包店 1. bake bread(烤面包)2. bake cookies(烤饼干) My mom bakes a cake for my birthday every year.(我妈妈每年都为我的生日烤蛋糕。) 6 blacksmith n. 铁匠 名词复数:blacksmiths 无 1. village blacksmith(乡村铁匠)2. blacksmith shop(铁匠铺) The blacksmith forged a horseshoe for the horse.(铁匠为马打造了一副马蹄铁。) 7 goldsmith n. 金匠 名词复数:goldsmiths 无 1. royal goldsmith(皇家金匠)2. goldsmith's workshop(金匠作坊) The goldsmith made a beautiful necklace for the queen.(金匠为女王制作了一条漂亮的项链。) 8 silversmith n. 银匠 名词复数:silversmiths 无 1. skilled silversmith(技艺精湛的银匠)2. silversmith craftsmanship(银匠工艺) The silversmith crafted a silver bowl with patterns.(银匠打造了一个带花纹的银碗。) 9 shorten vt. 缩短 过去式/过去分词:shortened short adj. 短的;shortening n. 缩短 1. shorten the time(缩短时间)2. shorten a sentence(缩短句子) We need to shorten the meeting to 30 minutes.(我们需要把会议缩短到30分钟。) 10 lengthen vt. 加长 过去式/过去分词:lengthened long adj. 长的;length n. 长度 1. lengthen the rope(加长绳子)2. lengthen the winter vacation(延长寒假) They decided to lengthen the bridge to ease traffic.(他们决定加长这座桥以缓解交通压力。) 11 status n. 地位;身份 名词复数:statuses 无 1. social status(社会地位)2. legal status(法律身份) His hard work helped him improve his social status.(他的努力工作帮助他提升了社会地位。) 12 surgeon n. 外科医生 名词复数:surgeons surgery n. 外科手术;surgical adj. 外科的 1. heart surgeon(心脏外科医生)2. perform surgery(做手术) The famous surgeon successfully saved the patient.(这位著名的外科医生成功救了病人。) 13 beard n. 胡须 名词复数:beards bearded adj. 留胡须的 1. grow a beard(留胡须)2. trim one's beard(修剪胡须) My father has a thick black beard.(我爸爸留着浓密的黑胡须。) 14 carpenter n. 木匠 名词复数:carpenters carpentry n. 木工活;carpentered adj. 木工做的 1. furniture carpenter(家具木匠)2. carpenter's tools(木匠工具) The carpenter built a wooden table for us.(木匠为我们做了一张木桌。) 15 miller n. 磨坊主 名词复数:millers mill n. 磨坊;磨粉厂 1. windmill miller(风车磨坊主)2. grain miller(谷物磨坊主) The miller grinds wheat into flour every day.(磨坊主每天把小麦磨成面粉。) 16 stay the same 保持不变 无词形变化 无 1. stay the same(保持不变)2. remain the same(保持不变) The price of this product has stayed the same for months.(这款产品的价格几个月来保持不变。) 17 come from 来自 无词形变化 无 1. come from China(来自中国)2. come from a poor family(出身贫寒) She comes from a small town in the south.(她来自南方的一个小镇。) 18 borrow… from 从……借入 无词形变化 无 1. borrow a book from the library(从图书馆借书)2. borrow money from friends(向朋友借钱) I borrowed a dictionary from my classmate.(我向同学借了一本词典。) 19 go with 伴随 无词形变化 无 1. go with sb.(和某人一起去)2. go with sth.(与某物相配) Red wine goes well with steak.(红酒和牛排很配。) 20 tell… apart 区分;辨别 无词形变化 无 1. tell A and B apart(区分A和B)2. hard to tell apart(难以区分) The twin sisters are so similar that it's hard to tell them apart.(这对双胞胎姐妹太像了,很难区分。) 21 make up 虚构;拼凑 无词形变化 无 1. make up a story(虚构一个故事)2. make up for(弥补) He made up an excuse for being late.(他为迟到编造了一个借口。) 22 become known as 以……出名 无词形变化 无 1. become known as a poet(以诗人闻名)2. become known as "the City of Lights"(以“光之城”闻名) The actor became known as a comedy star.(这位演员以喜剧明星的身份出名。) 23 by name 凭名字 无词形变化 无 1. know sb. by name(只知其名)2. call sb. by name(直呼其名) I know her by name but have never met her.(我知道她的名字,但从未见过她。) 24 be short for ……的简称 无词形变化 无 1. TV is short for television(TV是television的简称)2. USA is short for the United States of America(USA是美利坚合众国的简称) "Math" is short for "mathematics".(“Math”是“mathematics”的简称。) 25 used to 过去常常 无词形变化 无 1. used to do(过去常常做)2. be used to doing(习惯于做) She used to live in Beijing when she was young.(她年轻时曾住在北京。) 26 down through the years 随着时间的流逝 无词形变化 无 1. down through the years(多年来)2. pass down through the years(代代相传) This tradition has been kept down through the years.(这个传统多年来一直被保留着。) 27 patriotic adj. 爱国的 比较级:more patriotic;最高级:most patriotic patriot n. 爱国者;patriotism n. 爱国主义 1. patriotic feelings(爱国情怀)2. patriotic song(爱国歌曲) He has a strong patriotic feeling for his country.(他对自己的国家有着强烈的爱国情怀。) 28 patriot n. 爱国者 名词复数:patriots patriotic adj. 爱国的;patriotism n. 爱国主义 1. national patriot(国家的爱国者)2. loyal patriot(忠诚的爱国者) The young man is a true patriot who devotes to his country.(这个年轻人是一位忠于国家的真正爱国者。) 29 responsibility n. 责任;职责 名词复数:responsibilities responsible adj. 负责任的;responsibly adv. 负责任地 1. take responsibility(承担责任)2. family responsibility(家庭责任) Everyone has the responsibility to protect the environment.(每个人都有保护环境的责任。) 30 weekly n. 周刊 adj. 每周的 名词复数:weeklies;副词无词形变化 week n. 星期;weekly adv. 每周 1. weekly magazine(周刊杂志)2. weekly meeting(周会) We publish a weekly about campus life.(我们出版一份关于校园生活的周刊。) 31 swallowtail n. 燕尾服 名词复数:swallowtails 无 1. black swallowtail(黑色燕尾服)2. wear a swallowtail(穿燕尾服) He wore a black swallowtail to the formal party.(他穿了一件黑色燕尾服去参加正式派对。) 32 endear vt. 使受喜爱 过去式/过去分词:endeared endearing adj. 惹人喜爱的;endearment n. 喜爱 1. endear oneself to sb.(使自己受某人喜爱)2. endear sb. to others(使某人受他人喜爱) Her kindness endeared her to everyone around her.(她的善良让她深受周围人的喜爱。) 33 in line with 与……一致;与……相符 无词形变化 无 1. in line with the rules(符合规则)2. in line with expectations(符合预期) His actions are in line with his words.(他言行一致。) 34 congress n. 国会;代表大会 名词复数:congresses congressional adj. 国会的;congressman n. 国会议员 1. national congress(全国代表大会)2. attend a congress(参加代表大会) The congress will be held in the capital next month.(全国代表大会将于下月在首都举行。) 35 with care 小心地 无词形变化 无 1. handle with care(小心处理)2. walk with care(小心行走) Please handle the glass with care to avoid breaking it.(请小心拿放玻璃杯,以免打碎。) 36 odd adj. 古怪的 比较级:odder;最高级:oddest oddly adv. 古怪地;oddness n. 古怪 1. odd behavior(古怪的行为)2. odd person(古怪的人) He has some odd habits that no one understands.(他有一些没人理解的古怪习惯。) 37 name… after… 以……命名 无词形变化 无 1. name a child after sb.(以某人的名字给孩子命名)2. name a street after a hero(以英雄的名字命名街道) The park is named after a famous writer.(这个公园以一位著名作家的名字命名。) 38 respected adj. 受尊敬的 无比较级/最高级 respect v. 尊敬;respectful adj. 恭敬的 1. respected teacher(受尊敬的老师)2. widely respected(广受尊敬的) The respected professor has made great achievements in science.(这位受尊敬的教授在科学领域取得了巨大成就。) 39 popularity n. 普及;流行 不可数名词 popular adj. 流行的;popularize v. 普及 1. gain popularity(受欢迎;普及)2. popularity of smartphones(智能手机的普及) The song gained great popularity among young people.(这首歌在年轻人中非常受欢迎。) 40 old-fashioned adj. 过时的 比较级:more old-fashioned;最高级:most old-fashioned fashion n. 时尚;fashionable adj. 时尚的 1. old-fashioned clothes(过时的衣服)2. old-fashioned ideas(陈旧的观念) Her grandfather has some old-fashioned views on marriage.(她爷爷对婚姻有一些陈旧的观念。) 41 childish adj. 幼稚的;孩子气的 比较级:more childish;最高级:most childish child n. 孩子;childishly adv. 幼稚地 1. childish behavior(幼稚的行为)2. childish idea(孩子气的想法) It's childish to argue over such a small thing.(为这么小的事争吵太幼稚了。) 42 sweetheart n. 爱人;心上人 名词复数:sweethearts 无 1. dear sweetheart(亲爱的爱人)2. childhood sweetheart(青梅竹马) He sent a bunch of flowers to his sweetheart.(他给心上人送了一束花。) 43 flavour n. 味道;特色 名词复数:flavours;动词过去式/过去分词:flavoured flavourful adj. 有味道的;flavourless adj. 无味的 1. sweet flavour(甜味)2. local flavour(地方特色) This dish has a unique flavour that I've never tasted before.(这道菜有一种我从未尝过的独特味道。) 44 basis n. 基础 名词复数:bases base n. 基础;basic adj. 基本的 1. on the basis of(在……的基础上)2. solid basis(坚实的基础) We should make decisions on the basis of facts.(我们应该基于事实做决定。) 45 carrier n. 载体 名词复数:carriers carry v. 携带;carrying n. 携带 1. virus carrier(病毒载体)2. carrier of culture(文化载体) Language is an important carrier of culture.(语言是文化的重要载体。) 46 religion n. 宗教 名词复数:religions religious adj. 宗教的;religiously adv. 宗教上 1. world religions(世界宗教)2. freedom of religion(宗教信仰自由) He has a deep faith in his religion.(他对自己的宗教有着深厚的信仰。) 47 opera n. 剧;歌剧 名词复数:operas operatic adj. 歌剧的;operalist n. 歌剧演员 1. grand opera(大歌剧)2. watch an opera(看歌剧) We went to the theater to watch a famous opera.(我们去剧院看了一部著名的歌剧。) 48 originate vi. 发源 过去式/过去分词:originated origin n. 起源;original adj. 原始的 1. originate from(起源于)2. originate in(发源于) This custom originated from ancient times.(这个习俗起源于古代。) 49 stylised adj. 风格化的 比较级:more stylised;最高级:most stylised style n. 风格;stylize v. 使风格化 1. stylised painting(风格化的绘画)2. stylised design(风格化的设计) The artist created a series of stylised animal paintings.(这位艺术家创作了一系列风格化的动物画作。) 50 characterise vt. 使……具有特点(或引人注目的特征) 过去式/过去分词:characterised character n. 特征;characteristic adj. 典型的 1. be characterised by(以……为特征)2. characterise sb. as(把某人描述为) The city is characterised by its ancient buildings.(这座城市以其古建筑为特色。) 51 tragedy n. 悲剧 名词复数:tragedies tragic adj. 悲剧的;tragically adv. 悲剧地 1. literary tragedy(文学悲剧)2. family tragedy(家庭悲剧) Hamlet is one of Shakespeare's famous tragedies.(《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚的著名悲剧之一。) 52 ethical adj. 伦理的;道德的 比较级:more ethical;最高级:most ethical ethics n. 伦理学;ethically adv. 伦理上 1. ethical issue(伦理问题)2. ethical behavior(道德行为) Doctors must face many ethical decisions in their work.(医生在工作中必须面对许多伦理决策。) 53 clown n. 小丑 名词复数:clowns;动词过去式/过去分词:clowned clown v. 扮小丑;clownish adj. 小丑般的 1. circus clown(马戏团小丑)2. play the clown(扮小丑) The clown made the children laugh with his funny actions.(小丑用滑稽的动作让孩子们笑了起来。) 54 category n. 种类;分类 名词复数:categories categorise v. 分类;categorical adj. 绝对的 1. different categories(不同种类)2. fall into a category(归入一类) Books in the library are divided into many categories.(图书馆里的书被分成了许多类别。) 55 fixed adj. 确定的 无比较级/最高级 fix v. 固定;fixedly adv. 固定地 1. fixed time(固定时间)2. fixed plan(既定计划) We have a fixed time for morning exercises.(我们有固定的晨练时间。) 56 mask n. 面具 名词复数:masks;动词过去式/过去分词:masked mask v. 戴面具;masked adj. 戴面具的 1. facial mask(面膜)2. Halloween mask(万圣节面具) She wore a beautiful mask at the costume party.(她在化妆舞会上戴了一个漂亮的面具。) 57 exaggerate vt. 使增大;夸张 过去式/过去分词:exaggerated exaggeration n. 夸张;exaggerated adj. 夸张的 1. exaggerate the facts(夸大事实)2. exaggerate one's achievements(夸大自己的成就) He tends to exaggerate his experiences to impress others.(他倾向于夸大自己的经历来给别人留下印象。) 58 exaggeration n. 夸张;夸张的手法 名词复数:exaggerations exaggerate v. 夸张;exaggerated adj. 夸张的 1. a slight exaggeration(轻微的夸张)2. make an exaggeration(夸张) His description of the accident was an exaggeration.(他对事故的描述有些夸张。) 59 principal adj. 主要的 比较级:more principal;最高级:most principal;名词复数:principals principle n. 原则;principally adv. 主要地 1. principal reason(主要原因)2. principal goal(主要目标) The principal problem is lack of funding.(主要问题是资金短缺。) 60 uprightness n. 正直;诚实 不可数名词 upright adj. 正直的;uprightly adv. 正直地 1. moral uprightness(道德正直)2. uprightness of character(品格正直) His uprightness earned him the respect of others.(他的正直赢得了别人的尊重。) 61 courageous adj. 有胆量的;勇敢的 比较级:more courageous;最高级:most courageous courage n. 勇气;courageously adv. 勇敢地 1. courageous act(勇敢的行为)2. courageous decision(勇敢的决定) She made a courageous decision to save the child.(她做出了一个勇敢的决定去救那个孩子。) 62 enterprising adj. 有事业心的;有进取心的 比较级:more enterprising;最高级:most enterprising enterprise n. 企业;进取心 1. enterprising young man(有进取心的年轻人)2. enterprising spirit(进取精神) The enterprising student started his own business while in college.(这位有进取心的学生在大学期间就创业了。) 63 enterprise n. 企业;事业 名词复数:enterprises enterprising adj. 有进取心的;enterpriser n. 企业家 1. private enterprise(私营企业)2. public enterprise(国有企业) His family runs a small manufacturing enterprise.(他的家人经营着一家小型制造企业。) 64 numerous adj. 许多的 无比较级/最高级 number n. 数量;numerously adv. 许多地 1. numerous books(许多书)2. numerous opportunities(许多机会) There are numerous stars in the night sky.(夜空中有无数的星星。) 65 convey vt. 传达;表达 过去式/过去分词:conveyed conveyance n. 传达;conveyable adj. 可传达的 1. convey meaning(传达意思)2. convey feelings(表达感情) Poems often convey deep emotions through simple words.(诗歌常常通过简单的文字传达深刻的情感。) 66 celebrated adj. 著名的;有名望的 比较级:more celebrated;最高级:most celebrated celebrate v. 庆祝;celebration n. 庆祝 1. celebrated writer(著名作家)2. celebrated scenic spot(著名景点) The celebrated musician gave a concert in our city.(这位著名的音乐家在我们城市举办了一场音乐会。) 67 emerge vi. 出现 过去式/过去分词:emerged emergence n. 出现;emergent adj. 新兴的 1. emerge from(从……出现)2. emerge as(成为) A new idea emerged during our discussion.(我们讨论时出现了一个新想法。) 68 acrobatics n. 杂技 无复数(集合名词) acrobat n. 杂技演员;acrobatic adj. 杂技的 1. circus acrobatics(马戏团杂技)2. acrobatics show(杂技表演) We watched a wonderful acrobatics show last night.(昨晚我们看了一场精彩的杂技表演。) 69 repertoire n. 保留剧目 名词复数:repertoires 无 1. opera repertoire(歌剧保留剧目)2. dance repertoire(舞蹈保留剧目) The theater has a rich repertoire of classic plays.(这家剧院有丰富的经典剧目保留节目。) 70 stunt n. 绝技 名词复数:stunts;动词过去式/过去分词:stunted stuntman n. 特技演员;stuntwoman n. 女特技演员 1. dangerous stunt(危险绝技)2. film stunt(电影特技) The actor performed his own stunts in the action movie.(这位演员在动作片中亲自完成了自己的特技动作。) 71 farce n. 滑稽剧 名词复数:farces farcical adj. 滑稽的;farcically adv. 滑稽地 1. stage farce(舞台滑稽剧)2. political farce(政治闹剧) The play is a funny farce that makes the audience laugh loudly.(这部剧是一部让观众大笑的滑稽剧。) 72 primer n. 初级读本;入门材料 名词复数:primers prime adj. 主要的;primerly adv. 初步地 1. English primer(英语初级读本)2. math primer(数学入门教材) This book is a good primer for beginners of Chinese.(这本书是汉语初学者的好入门教材。) 73 dab n. 少量 名词复数:dabs;动词过去式/过去分词:dabbed dab v. 轻拍;dabber n. 轻拍者 1. a dab of paint(一点颜料)2. a dab of perfume(一点香水) She put a dab of cream on her face.(她在脸上抹了一点面霜。) 74 cunning adj. 狡猾的 比较级:cunniner;最高级:cunningest;名词复数:cunnings cunningly adv. 狡猾地;cunningness n. 狡猾 1. cunning fox(狡猾的狐狸)2. cunning plan(狡猾的计划) The cunning thief stole the money without being noticed.(那个狡猾的小偷偷走了钱,没有被发现。) 75 vigorous adj. 精力充沛的 比较级:more vigorous;最高级:most vigorous vigour n. 精力;vigorously adv. 精力充沛地 1. vigorous exercise(剧烈运动)2. vigorous young man(精力充沛的年轻人) He keeps a vigorous lifestyle by exercising every day.(他每天锻炼,保持着精力充沛的生活方式。) 76 costume n. 剧装;服装 名词复数:costumes costumed adj. 穿着服装的 1. stage costume(舞台服装)2. traditional costume(传统服装) The actors wore beautiful costumes in the historical play.(演员们在这部历史剧中穿着漂亮的服装。) 77 elaborate adj. 精心制作的 比较级:more elaborate;最高级:most elaborate;动词过去式/过去分词:elaborated elaborately adv. 精心地;elaboration n. 精心制作 1. elaborate design(精心的设计)2. elaborate party(精心筹备的派对) She wore an elaborate dress to the wedding.(她穿了一件精心制作的礼服去参加婚礼。) 78 refined adj. 精制的;高雅的 比较级:more refined;最高级:most refined refine v. 精制;提炼;refinement n. 精致 1. refined sugar(精制糖)2. refined taste(高雅的品味) She has a refined taste in art and music.(她在艺术和音乐方面有高雅的品味。) 79 be characterised by ……的特点是 无词形变化 无 1. be characterised by simplicity(以简洁为特点)2. be characterised by kindness(以善良为特点) The style of this painting is characterised by bright colors.(这幅画的风格以明亮的色彩为特点。) 80 divide… into 把……分成 无词形变化 无 1. divide into parts(分成几部分)2. divide into groups(分成小组) The teacher divided the students into four groups.(老师把学生分成了四个小组。) 81 be adapted into 被改编成 无词形变化 无 1. be adapted into a movie(被改编成电影)2. be adapted into a play(被改编成戏剧) This novel has been adapted into a popular TV series.(这部小说已被改编成一部受欢迎的电视剧。) 82 in general 通常;一般而言 无词形变化 无 1. in general(通常)2. generally speaking(一般而言) In general, students prefer to study in a quiet environment.(通常,学生更喜欢在安静的环境中学习。) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 1 Culture in names 词汇同步笔记 清单-2024-2025学年高中英语重大版选择性必修第四册
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Unit 1 Culture in names 词汇同步笔记 清单-2024-2025学年高中英语重大版选择性必修第四册
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Unit 1 Culture in names 词汇同步笔记 清单-2024-2025学年高中英语重大版选择性必修第四册
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