专题07 语法填空（期末真题汇编，山东专用）高一英语上学期

专题06 完形填空 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·山东枣庄·期末） Tom is an odd sculptor who always gains unique creativity from nature. One morning, he was having a ham sandwich when he 1 (notice) a new type of frog catching insects at the exit of his garden. 2 (draw) by what he saw, Tom decided to sculpt it. He took a photograph of the frog and intended 3 (sculpt) a stone frog. Having spent two months in the workshop, Tom finally sculpted a huge stone frog 4 he titled Nature. The sculpture 5 (quick) became the talk of the village and there was a heated debate about the sculpture. Some people commented that the sculpture was somewhat a 6 (reflect) of the creative author’s inner world which was invisible to us, while those who opposed it thought it was ugly. If this was the future of the art world, it would be 7 misadventure for art. The local formal organization 8 (subscribe) to the former opinion contacted Tom and invited him to put the sculpture on the show titled How Natural Resources Influence Our Behaviour. Tom was rather happy to accept it. The show wound up with Tom’s sculpture winning the 9 (many) viewers. The sculpture reminds us that art is not only based 10 human creativity, but also present in our daily activities. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一上·山东招远·期末） According to historical records, the well-known historian Sima Guang from the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127) used a part of a round wood 1 his pillow throughout his life. This unique pillow had an unusual function (功能). Whenever Sima Guang moved a little during his sleep, his head would slide down off the pillow, 2 (cause) him to wake up 3 (immediate) and continue his studies. This particular type of pillow came to be known as an “alarm pillow”. The Chinese word for “pillow”, zhentou, 4 (believe) to be created by Cao Cao, a famous ruler during the Three Kingdoms period (220-280). One night, while Cao Cao was reading in his tent and becoming 5 (sleep), there was no extra space useful to place several books stored in wooden 6 (box). In response (回应), a servant soon placed the books at one side of the bed, upon 7 Cao Cao fell asleep quickly, experiencing a deep and restful sleep. 8 (impress) by the comfort provided by this short-term arrangement, the servant then created a padded (有垫的) headrest using soft materials, copying 9 shape of the wooden box that held the books. When Cao Cao asked about the fame of this new thing, the servant referred to it as “headrest bedding”. Cao Cao 10 (late) named it zhentou, and from that point on, the use of pillows became popular among the common people. Passage 3 （24-25学年高一上·山东菏泽一中·期末） My name is Adam and I find it 1 big challenge to be a freshman at senior high school. The school adviser helped me choose the 2 (suit) courses and he also recommended 3 (sign) up for advanced literature because I like English and I am good at 4 . As for extra-curricular activities, I wanted to join the school football team, but I 5 (refuse) by the coach because I didn’t play well enough. However, I didn’t feel discouraged, and I believed there was a lot 6 (explore). Being a senior high school student, I know I’ll have to study 7 (hard) than before and get used to taking 8 (responsible) for a lot more. Though I may meet with many 9 (difficulty) in my studies, I will try to be well prepared 10 university or whatever else comes in the future. Passage 4 （24-25学年高一上·山东新泰一中·期末） I woke up this morning, feeling excited but terribly nervous as today was the day when I would begin my journey of senior high school. 1 (thousand) of thoughts rushed through my mind, “What 2 I can’t fit in (适应，融入)? Will I make 3 good first impression?” I couldn’t even enjoy the big breakfast that my mom had made for me. 4 (see) I was so nervous, my mom told me I would be fine if I followed the school rules. So I smiled and hoped for the best possible outcome. The bus ride seemed so long, but soon enough there I was. I stood outside of the school building. It seemed a bit 5 (big) than what I had imagined. As soon as I 6 (open) the classroom door, I saw a lot of students who all looked anxious and worry spread over everyone’s face. Then I knew I was not the only one feeling this way. I spent the rest of the day on the 7 (explore) of what everything was like. The worried faces disappeared as time went on. We got to know 8 (we) teachers a bit more. They were neither unfriendly 9 strict. Before I knew it, the day was over. I don’t know why I felt nervous and worried. Senior high school may seem 10 (frighten), but it’s just like junior high. Passage 5 （24-25学年高一上·山东东明一中·期末） Tom is a freshman at the senior high school. For him, the senior high school is a big challenge. Many things in the first week made him 1 (confuse). First, he couldn’t decide which courses 2 (choose). With the help of the school adviser, he chose suitable ones for himself. He thinks Chinese is very difficult, but he hopes to speak Chinese 3 (fluent) when he graduates. Because he is good at English, he 4 (recommend) by the adviser to sign up for advanced literature. As for extra-curricular 5 (activity), he wanted to join the school football team. Sadly, the coach thought he was not skilful enough to be part of the team, 6 made him unhappy. He was determined to practise more to make 7 team next year. Besides, he joined a volunteer club. He always takes an active part to help those 8 need. As a freshman, he has difficulty in 9 (get) used to the senior high school life. He is also worried about falling behind others in his Maths. Still, he is confident in dealing with what 10 (come) in the future by working hard. Passage 6 （24-25学年高一上·山东泰安·期末） Surrounded（环绕） by mountains and snow, Chinese pianist LangLang played “Loving Dream” “Jasmine Flower” and “Goldberg Variations” at the highest railway station in central Switzerland. The show was 1 (warm) welcomed by the audience (观众). What he did helped with the cultural exchanges between China and Europe by means of music. Lang Lang is one of the leading 2 (musician) in the classical music world. Though he put on thousands of shows worldwide, it was his first time 3 (play) the piano at the top of a snowy mountain. The low temperature 4 (make) it quite challenging for him. However, playing in a “fairytale-like” environment was a very special experience, according to Lang Lang. “The piece’ Jasmine Flower’ 5 (choose) specially for this show,” Lang Lang said, “I played this 6 (beauty) piece from my own culture. And I hope to make the audience interested 7 learning more about China through the beauty of Chinese music.” Before Lang Lang played 8 third piece, his fingers became a little cold, 9 he showed no fear of the heavy snow and the thin air. “This show means a lot to 10 (I). I hope we will do more cultural exchanges in the future so as to understand each other better and build a closer relationship between the two countries than before,” added Lang Lang. 主题01 人与社会——生活与文化 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·山东德州·期末） Rice is the most common food for a large part of the world’s population, with its biological cycle 1 (range) from about 95 days to around 250 days. 2 is important to harvest rice crops on time. If we harvest too early, the collected grains (谷粒) will not be fully-grown. When crops are harvested late, grains will fall onto the ground, leading to a heavy 3 (lose). As 4 general rule, the harvest may begin only when grains have a golden yellow colour. Harvesting can take place manually (手动地) or mechanically. In manual harvesting, farmers use sharp knives 5 (collect) rice plants. Then, they carefully remove the grains. Mechanical harvesting can 6 (do) with machines that combine all the functions, such as cutting and threshing (脱粒). After harvesting, rice seeds contain a lot of moisture (水分). 7 (typical), farmers dry the grains out before storage to prevent them from going bad. There are mainly two 8 (approach) to making grains dry — the traditional method and the mechanical one. Because of its low and almost zero cost, plenty of countries have a 9 (prefer) for the traditional drying method. Farmers spread the grains over places 10 it’s easy for them to receive sunlight. The mechanical drying method uses different types of dryers to remove water from grains. Passage 2 （23-24学年高一上·山东枣庄一中·期末） As we all know, high school life is not easy for each student. You will meet a lot of challenges. Here are some tips for you to lead 1 happy and meaningful life. There are various amazing 2 (resource) in your school and you’d better try to make the most of 3 (they) to realize your potential. Make every effort to get over difficulties and seize every opportunity to improve your ability. The more knowledge you acquire, the 4 (confidence) you will have. Try to be an 5 (independence) and responsible person. In class you’d better focus 6 your lessons and try to find an efficient method. After class you’d better do regular exercise, for health is of equal 7 (important) to you. You can take part in some clubs in 8 you can improve your character in your free time. Try to exchange words with your friends or classmates and you will learn much from them. Learn 9 (balance) between your study and hobbies and keep a positive attitude towards your school life and no matter what happens, stick to your plan! 10 (write) your aim on your desk is a good way to remind you to work harder. You will be a well-rounded individual! Passage 3 （24-25学年高一上·山东银滩中学·期末） A short soft brush connected to a long hard handle — a simple Chinese writing brush (毛笔) can describe the most complicated idea. Perhaps the writing brush is one of the few tools invented by humans that is so practical yet so rich in symbolic meanings over 1 (century). It not only 2 (express) common people’s feelings, but also recorded history and created the most refined art and literature of this culture, greatly 3 (influence) the development path of Chinese civilization. The writing brush is not only a symbol of Chinese culture, but also the 4 (create) of Chinese culture. Meng Tian, a great general (将军) of the Qin state, has long been considered 5 the forefather (祖先) of the writing brush. One day, he was out hunting. He saw that the tail of 6 unlucky rabbit had left a trail of blood on the ground, 7 inspired him to make the first Chinese writing brush in history. 8 (actual), the history of the Chinese brush dates back at least 6, 000 years. Archaeological evidence (考古证据) shows that more than 6, 000 years ago, people living in the Banpo site, 10 kilometers east of today’s Xi’an, Shaanxi province, 9 (use) brushes to draw patterns and lines. However, in the late 20th century, with the widespread adoption of modern pens, writing brushes began to lose their long-standing importance. 10 (protect) this ancient craft, Hu Brush made in Huzhou was listed in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2006. Passage 4 （24-25学年高一上·山东泰安一中·期末） In China, calligraphy refers to the way of writing. The writing brush, ink stick, ink stone, and paper were essential tools for ancient Chinese 1 (scholar) and they are often referred to as the “Four Treasures of the Study.” The writing brush, together with ink stick, 2 (use) by the Chinese to write and paint for more than 5,000 years. In the Qin Dynasty (221 BC-206 BC), people already used feathers of different hardness and bamboo trunks 3 (produce) brushes. During the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD), people focused instead on man-made ink, due to its 4 (convenient) over natural ink. After paper was invented by the Chinese, bamboo slips, wooden tablets, brocade and silk, 5 originally functioned as writing surfaces, gradually faded out. The ancient Chinese first 6 (develop) ink stone with the use of writing brushes and ink. After the Song Dynasty (910AD-1279 AD), the “Four Treasures of the Study” were 7 (especial) referred to hubi: the writing brush produced in Huzhou, Zhejiang province; huimo, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, Anhui province; xuan paper, 8 kind of paper produced in Xuanzhou, Anhui province; 9 duanyan, the ink stone produced in Zhaoqing, Guangdong province (Zhaoqing was earlier called Duanzhou). 10 is a fact that the “Four Treasures of the Study” have played a key role in recording and preserving Chinese civilization. Passage 5 （23-24学年高一上·山东潍坊·期末） Early in the morning, when the sky starts to get light over 1 village near Beijing, 75-year-old Hao Lanying is sitting 2 her desk. She has a pair of scissors (剪刀) in her hand and is cutting a red piece of paper. The shape she is making is a snake going around a bird. This design is one of a group of works she made 3 (celebrate) the Year of the Snake.​ “I made the ’Lucky Snake’ series to give as gifts to elderly 4 (local),” Hao said. She is from Jishanying Village in Shunyi District. She is someone 5 does the art of paper cutting, which is known as an intangible cultural heritage. Hao has a special skill 6 (call) water-ripple paper cutting. It started in a family in Shunyi at the end of the Qing Dynasty. What makes her works so 7 (attract) is that she uses scissors, not knives. With her good hands, she cuts small patterns of moving water and falling rain on a single layer of red paper. This makes her designs look like they are alive. In 2004, UNESCO took one of her works to keep in its 8 (collect). For the last 20 years, her works 9 (give) as national gifts to leaders from many European countries. Now, in the digital time, Hao is happy to try new ways to keep doing her work. She has helped to make an AR teaching system for paper cutting. With this system, people can scan her works and 10 (direct) watch, in a special 3D way, how the whole thing was made. Passage 6 （24-25学年高一上·山东日照·期末） When I was a child, my family would always sit down together for meals. My favourite was among the simplest: spaghetti pomodoro, pasta in tomato sauce. We ate fresh vegetables and fruit, and, starting in our teenage years, 1 (drink) a glass of red wine. We ate together. I enjoyed a few slices of prosciutto and practised a wide variety of outdoor sports. This centuries-old Mediterranean (地中海) diet kept me fit, 2 turned out to be good not just my personal well-being, but for the planet’s health too. In 2020, we will celebrate 3 tenth anniversary of UNESCO’s designation (指定) of this Mediterranean diet as a “Cultural Heritage of Humanity”. But unfortunately, Italians 4 (turn) away from their traditional healthy diet. We have started to eat more fast food and have increased our portions. 5 (few) Italians enjoy social meals with family and friends. Italian children were 6 the most overweight in a recent study of 30 countries by the WHO. Poor nutrition is a global problem, not just an Italian one. The fact that it’s hitting Italy, the land 7 the Mediterranean diet originated, represents a dangerous contradiction- one of many affecting the world of food. After years of decline, hunger is back on the rise. Globally, some 821 million people still do not have enough 8 (eat). Yet 9 the poor south hungers, the rich north gorges: some 2 billion people are overweight. We waste one-third of global food production. Livestock consume an estimated two-thirds of all the land that 10 (devote) to agriculture and contribute about half of farming-related greenhouse-gas emissions. Passage 7 （24-25学年高一上·山东烟台·期末） Three documentary heritage collections submitted (提交) by China 1 (list) in the UNESCO Memory of the World Register up to now. Among the 74 newly added 2 (entry), China contributed two single submissions — the Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng and the Steles(石碑) of Shaolin Temple — as well as a joint submission with Sri Lanka: the Trilingual Inscription(铭文). The Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng, which 3 (discover) in 1978 from the Tombs of Marquis Yi in Suizhou, Hubei Province, is a remarkable set of ancient bells. These uniquely-designed and time-honored bells not only offer insights into early Chinese musical traditions but also contain inscriptions that are considered as 4 earliest surviving archaeological records illustrating mathematical relationships in music. The Steles of Shaolin Temple contains 499 surviving steles of the symbolic temple, presenting a 5 (relative) complete historical document in the form of stone inscriptions. The third entry 6 (carve) by Zheng He on Feb. 15,1409 features texts 7 Chinese, Persian, and Tamil. UNESCO describes it as the only known trilingual text 8 (combine) these three languages. “Documentary heritage is an essential yet weak element of the Memory of the World. This is 9 UNESCO spends so much funds in safeguarding it, shares best practices, 10 maintains this register that records the broad threads of human history,” said UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay. Passage 8 （24-25学年高一上·山东济宁·期末） The China Wildlife Image and Video Competition, hosted by the Chinese National Geography, has long been 1 event of great significance in the field of wildlife documentation. At an awards ceremony recently held in Beijing, 17 remarkable images and videos, which 2 (select) from over 37,600 submissions globally, deeply attracted the audience. The competition, 3 (theme) “Spirituality of Mountains and Seas” this year, aims to enhance public awareness of wildlife and ecological conservation. Among the award-winning 4 (entry), the work of Jia Haining’s team on Oriental storks (东方白鹳) in the Yellow River Delta stood out 5 (noticeable). Their delicate piece of art beautifully demonstrated the region’s ecological harmony and species 6 (diverse). To film the dynamic moment 7 the birds left their nests, they arrived at the filming site as early as 4:30 am. And they waited patiently for almost two months 8 the young storks’ first flight! The judges praised their work as a breathtaking symphony of life. Additionally, special awards for mobile photography and social media engagement were introduced to encourage 9 (broad) public participation. The competition, as Dr. Jane Goodall noted, has the power to inspire people, especially those who rarely have the opportunity to experience nature firsthand, 10 (reconnect) with the natural world. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 完形填空 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·山东枣庄·期末） Tom is an odd sculptor who always gains unique creativity from nature. One morning, he was having a ham sandwich when he 1 (notice) a new type of frog catching insects at the exit of his garden. 2 (draw) by what he saw, Tom decided to sculpt it. He took a photograph of the frog and intended 3 (sculpt) a stone frog. Having spent two months in the workshop, Tom finally sculpted a huge stone frog 4 he titled Nature. The sculpture 5 (quick) became the talk of the village and there was a heated debate about the sculpture. Some people commented that the sculpture was somewhat a 6 (reflect) of the creative author’s inner world which was invisible to us, while those who opposed it thought it was ugly. If this was the future of the art world, it would be 7 misadventure for art. The local formal organization 8 (subscribe) to the former opinion contacted Tom and invited him to put the sculpture on the show titled How Natural Resources Influence Our Behaviour. Tom was rather happy to accept it. The show wound up with Tom’s sculpture winning the 9 (many) viewers. The sculpture reminds us that art is not only based 10 human creativity, but also present in our daily activities. 【答案】 1．noticed 2．Drawn 3．to sculpt 4．which/that 5．quickly 6．reflection 7．a 8．subscribing 9．most 10．on 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述雕塑家汤姆从自然中获得灵感，创作石蛙雕塑并引发讨论，最终其作品在展览中广受关注的故事。 1．考查动词时态。句意：一天早上，他正在吃火腿三明治，这时注意到花园出口处有一只新品种的青蛙在捕虫。 was/were doing...when...did...是固定句型，表示“正在做某事时，突然发生另一件事”。主语he为第三人称单数，且故事发生在过去，故填noticed。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：被眼前的景象所吸引，汤姆决定把它雕刻出来。主句中已有谓语动词decided句子，空处应用非谓语动词，主语Tom与动词draw（吸引）之间是被动关系，需用过去分词表被动，作状语。故填Drawn。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：他给这只青蛙拍了照，打算雕刻一只石蛙。intend to do sth是固定搭配，意为“打算做某事”，后接动词不定式作宾语，故填to sculpt。 4．考查定语从句。句意：在工作室里花费了两个月时间后，汤姆终于雕刻出了一只巨大的石蛙，并将其命名为《自然》。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a huge stone frog（指物），且引导词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which/that作引导词。故填which或that。 5．考查副词。句意：这座雕塑很快成了村里的热门话题，人们对它展开了激烈的讨论。空格处修饰动词became，需将形容词quick变为副词形式，故填quickly。 6．考查名词。句意：一些人评论说，这座雕塑在某种程度上反映了这位富有创造力的创作者不为人知的内心世界，而反对它的人则认为它很丑。空格前有不定冠词a，需将动词reflect变为名词形式reflection，作表语，故填reflection。 7．考查冠词。句意：如果这就是艺术界的未来，那对艺术来说将是一场不幸。misadventure是可数名词单数，此处泛指“一场不幸的事”，且misadventure以辅音音素开头，故填a。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：认同前一种观点的当地正式组织联系了汤姆，邀请他将雕塑放在名为《自然资源如何影响我们的行为》的展览上展出。句中已有谓语动词invited，空处应用非谓语动词，句子主语The local formal organization 与动词subscribe（认同）之间是主动关系，需用现在分词作定语，故填subscribing。 9．考查形容词最高级。句意：展览结束时，汤姆的雕塑赢得了最多的观众。空格前有定冠词the，且结合语境表示“最多的观众”，需用many的最高级形式，故填most。 10．考查固定搭配。句意：这座雕塑提醒我们，艺术不仅以人类的创造力为基础，也存在于我们的日常活动中。be based on是固定搭配，意为“以……为基础”，故填on。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一上·山东招远·期末） According to historical records, the well-known historian Sima Guang from the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127) used a part of a round wood 1 his pillow throughout his life. This unique pillow had an unusual function (功能). Whenever Sima Guang moved a little during his sleep, his head would slide down off the pillow, 2 (cause) him to wake up 3 (immediate) and continue his studies. This particular type of pillow came to be known as an “alarm pillow”. The Chinese word for “pillow”, zhentou, 4 (believe) to be created by Cao Cao, a famous ruler during the Three Kingdoms period (220-280). One night, while Cao Cao was reading in his tent and becoming 5 (sleep), there was no extra space useful to place several books stored in wooden 6 (box). In response (回应), a servant soon placed the books at one side of the bed, upon 7 Cao Cao fell asleep quickly, experiencing a deep and restful sleep. 8 (impress) by the comfort provided by this short-term arrangement, the servant then created a padded (有垫的) headrest using soft materials, copying 9 shape of the wooden box that held the books. When Cao Cao asked about the fame of this new thing, the servant referred to it as “headrest bedding”. Cao Cao 10 (late) named it zhentou, and from that point on, the use of pillows became popular among the common people. 【答案】 1．as 2．causing 3．immediately 4．is believed 5．sleepy 6．boxes 7．which 8．Impressed 9．the 10．later 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是枕头的起源及相关故事。 1．考查介词。句意：据史料记载，北宋（960-1127）著名历史学家司马光一生都用圆木的一部分作为枕头。use sth. as是固定短语，意为“用……作为”，因此空格处用as表作为，故填as。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：每当司马光在睡觉时稍微动一下，他的头就会从枕头上滑下来，使他立即醒来继续他的学习。句中谓语是would slide，空格处用非谓语动词，此处用现在分词表示自然而然的结果，作状语，故填causing。 3．考查副词。句意：每当司马光在睡觉时稍微动一下，他的头就会从枕头上滑下来，使他立即醒来继续他的学习。空格处用副词immediately修饰动词wake，immediately意为“立即”，故填immediately。 4．考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：“枕”一词被认为是由三国时期（220-280）的著名统治者曹操创造的。sb. be believed to do是固定短语，意为“某人被认为做某事”，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语zhentou是单数，因此空格处是is believed。故填is believed。 5．考查形容词。句意：一天晚上，曹操在帐篷里看书，快要犯困了，帐篷里没有多余的地方可以放几本装在木箱里的书。空格处用形容词作表语，此处表示“困的，犯困的”，形容词是sleepy，故填sleepy。 6．考查名词的复数。句意：一天晚上，曹操在帐篷里看书，快要犯困了，帐篷里没有多余的地方可以放几本装在木箱里的书。box是可数名词，不止一个，因此用复数，故填boxes。 7．考查定语从句。句意：仆人把书放在床的一边，曹操很快就睡着了，睡得很香。空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词books是物，因此空格处用which，故填which。 8．考查过去分词。句意：这个短期的安排给人的舒适感留下了深刻的印象，于是仆人模仿装书的木箱的形状，用柔软的材料做了一个有垫的头枕。be impressed by对……印象深刻，为固定短语，本句为过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Impressed。 9．考查定冠词。句意：这个短期的安排给人的舒适感留下了深刻的印象，于是仆人模仿装书的木箱的形状，用柔软的材料做了一个有垫的头枕。空格处用定冠词特指装书的木箱的形状，故填the。 10．考查副词。句意：曹操后来将其命名为“枕头”，从此，枕头的使用在平民中流行起来。根据语境可知，句子表示“曹操后来将其命名为“枕头”，从此，枕头的使用在平民中流行起来”，空格处意为“后来”，用later。故填later。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一上·山东菏泽一中·期末） My name is Adam and I find it 1 big challenge to be a freshman at senior high school. The school adviser helped me choose the 2 (suit) courses and he also recommended 3 (sign) up for advanced literature because I like English and I am good at 4 . As for extra-curricular activities, I wanted to join the school football team, but I 5 (refuse) by the coach because I didn’t play well enough. However, I didn’t feel discouraged, and I believed there was a lot 6 (explore). Being a senior high school student, I know I’ll have to study 7 (hard) than before and get used to taking 8 (responsible) for a lot more. Though I may meet with many 9 (difficulty) in my studies, I will try to be well prepared 10 university or whatever else comes in the future. 【答案】 1．a 2．suitable 3．signing 4．it 5．was refused 6．to explore 7．harder 8．responsibility 9．difficulties 10．for 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。亚当称作为高中新生颇具挑战，学校的指导老师帮他选合适课程并推荐报高阶文学，他想加入足球队遭拒却未气馁，还决心更努力学习、承担责任，为未来做准备。 1．考查冠词。句意：我的名字叫亚当，对于刚升入高中一年级的学生来说，这无疑是一个巨大的挑战。challenge为可数名词单数，big以辅音音素开头，结合句意可知这里表泛指，故填a。 2．考查形容词。句意：学校的指导老师帮我选定了合适的课程，并且还建议我报名学习高级文学课程，因为我喜欢英语并且在这方面很擅长。修饰名词courses用形容词suitable，表示“合适的”。故填suitable。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：学校的指导老师帮我选定了合适的课程，并且还建议我报名学习高级文学课程，因为我喜欢英语并且在这方面很擅长。recommend doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“建议做某事”，故填signing。 4．考查代词。句意：学校的指导老师帮我选定了合适的课程，并且还建议我报名学习高级文学课程，因为我喜欢英语并且在这方面很擅长。此处表示“因为我喜欢英语，并擅长它”，代词it指代English。故填it。 5．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：至于课外活动，我本想加入学校的足球队，但教练拒绝了我，因为我的表现不够出色。主语I与谓语构成被动关系，根据前面分句的wanted可知，这里应用一般过去时，且I为第一人称单数，故填was refused。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，我没有感到气馁，我坚信还有很多东西值得去探索。there be sth. to do为固定句式，表示“有某事要去做”。故填to explore。 7．考查副词比较级。句意：作为一名高中生，我知道自己今后必须比以前更加努力学习，并且要习惯承担更多的责任。根据设空处后的than可推断此处表示“比以前更努力地学习”，故填harder。 8．考查名词。句意：作为一名高中生，我知道自己今后必须比以前更加努力学习，并且要习惯承担更多的责任。take responsibility for...表示“对……负责”。故填responsibility。 9．考查名词复数。句意：尽管我在学习过程中可能会遇到诸多困难，但我仍会努力做好充分准备，以迎接大学生活，以及未来可能出现的任何情况。根据前面的many可知这里应用名词复数形式，表示“遇到很多难题”。故填difficulties。 10．考查介词。句意：尽管我在学习过程中可能会遇到诸多困难，但我仍会努力做好充分准备，以迎接大学生活，以及未来可能出现的任何情况。be well prepared for意为“为……做好充分准备”。故填for。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高一上·山东新泰一中·期末） I woke up this morning, feeling excited but terribly nervous as today was the day when I would begin my journey of senior high school. 1 (thousand) of thoughts rushed through my mind, “What 2 I can’t fit in (适应，融入)? Will I make 3 good first impression?” I couldn’t even enjoy the big breakfast that my mom had made for me. 4 (see) I was so nervous, my mom told me I would be fine if I followed the school rules. So I smiled and hoped for the best possible outcome. The bus ride seemed so long, but soon enough there I was. I stood outside of the school building. It seemed a bit 5 (big) than what I had imagined. As soon as I 6 (open) the classroom door, I saw a lot of students who all looked anxious and worry spread over everyone’s face. Then I knew I was not the only one feeling this way. I spent the rest of the day on the 7 (explore) of what everything was like. The worried faces disappeared as time went on. We got to know 8 (we) teachers a bit more. They were neither unfriendly 9 strict. Before I knew it, the day was over. I don’t know why I felt nervous and worried. Senior high school may seem 10 (frighten), but it’s just like junior high. 【答案】 1．Thousands 2．if 3．a 4．Seeing 5．bigger 6．opened 7．exploration 8．our 9．nor 10．frightening 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一天进入高中的紧张心情，以及逐渐适应的过程。 1．考查固定短语。句意：成千上万的想法掠过我的脑海，“如果我不能适应怎么办？”我能给人留下好的第一印象吗？”“thousand”前无具体数字时，需用复数形式，构成固定搭配 “thousands of”修饰复数名词“thoughts”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Thousands。 2．考查固定句型。句意：同上。“What if”为固定句型，意为“如果……怎么办？”，符合句意，故填if。 3．考查固定短语。句意：同上。“make a good impression”是固定短语，意为“留下好印象”，故填a。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：看到我如此紧张，我妈妈告诉我，如果我遵守校规，我会没事的。本句已有谓语“told”，空处为非谓语，句子主语“my mom”与动词“see”之间是主动关系，需用现在分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Seeing。 5．考查形容词比较级。句意：我站在学校大楼外面。它似乎比我想象的要大一些。根据空后“than”可知，此处需用形容词比较级，“big”的比较级为“bigger”，故填bigger。 6．考查时态。句意：我一打开教室门，就看到很多学生，他们看起来都很焦虑，担心的情绪弥漫在每个人的脸上。设空处为谓语，全文叙述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，“open”的过去式为“opened”，与后文“saw”保持时态一致。故填opened。 7．考查名词。句意：那天剩下的时间，我都在探索这一切到底是什么样子。空前有定冠词 “the”，空后有介词“of”，需用名词形式“exploration”，构成“the exploration of...”，意为“对……的探索”。故填exploration。 8．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我们对老师有了更多的了解。此处修饰名词“teachers”，需用形容词性物主代词“our”，故填our。 9．考查固定搭配。句意：他们既友好，也不严厉。“neither...nor...”是固定搭配，意为“既不……也不……”，符合句意，故填nor。 10．考查形容词。句意：高中可能看起来很可怕，但它就像初中一样。空处接在系动词后，应用形容词作表语，此处主语是“senior high school”（事物），需用形容词“frightening”，表示“令人害怕的”，故填frightening。 Passage 5 （24-25学年高一上·山东东明一中·期末） Tom is a freshman at the senior high school. For him, the senior high school is a big challenge. Many things in the first week made him 1 (confuse). First, he couldn’t decide which courses 2 (choose). With the help of the school adviser, he chose suitable ones for himself. He thinks Chinese is very difficult, but he hopes to speak Chinese 3 (fluent) when he graduates. Because he is good at English, he 4 (recommend) by the adviser to sign up for advanced literature. As for extra-curricular 5 (activity), he wanted to join the school football team. Sadly, the coach thought he was not skilful enough to be part of the team, 6 made him unhappy. He was determined to practise more to make 7 team next year. Besides, he joined a volunteer club. He always takes an active part to help those 8 need. As a freshman, he has difficulty in 9 (get) used to the senior high school life. He is also worried about falling behind others in his Maths. Still, he is confident in dealing with what 10 (come) in the future by working hard. 【答案】 1．confused 2．to choose 3．fluently 4．was recommended 5．activities 6．which 7．the 8．in 9．getting 10．comes 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述高一新生汤姆适应高中生活的挑战，包括选课、课外活动及应对困难的心态。 1．考查形容词。句意：第一周的很多事情都让他感到困惑。此处为“make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构，对宾语“him”的感受补充说明，用confuse的形容词形式confused作宾补，意为“感到困惑的”。故填confused。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，他无法决定选哪些课程。此处为“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构，作decide的宾语，用to choose。故填to choose。 3．考查副词。句意：他觉得中文很难，但希望毕业时能流利地说中文。此处修饰动词speak，用fluent的副词形式fluently，意为“流利地”。故填fluently。 4．考查动词语态和时态。句意：因为他英语好，顾问推荐他报名高级文学课。此处为谓语动词，描述过去发生的“推荐”动作，用一般过去时，且he与recommend为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，所以谓语动词用was recommended。故填was recommended。 5．考查名词复数。句意：至于课外活动，他想加入学校足球队。activity为可数名词，“课外活动”通常指多种活动，应用复数形式activities作宾语。故填activities。 6．考查定语从句。句意：遗憾的是，教练认为他技术不够好，不能加入球队，这让他很不高兴。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文“教练认为他技术不够好”这件事，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 7．考查冠词。句意：他决心多练习，明年加入球队。此处特指前文提到的“the school football team”，用定冠词the。故填the。 8．考查介词。句意：他总是积极参与，帮助那些有需要的人。此处为固定搭配“in need”，意为“有需要的”，作后置定语修饰those，所以用介词in。故填in。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名新生，他很难适应高中生活。此处为固定搭配“have difficulty in doing sth.”，意为“做某事有困难”，用get的动名词形式getting。故填getting。 10．考查动词时态。句意：尽管如此，他有信心通过努力学习来应对未来即将发生的事情。此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，描述客观情况，用一般现在时，what指代单数概念，所以用comes。故填comes。 Passage 6 （24-25学年高一上·山东泰安·期末） Surrounded（环绕） by mountains and snow, Chinese pianist LangLang played “Loving Dream” “Jasmine Flower” and “Goldberg Variations” at the highest railway station in central Switzerland. The show was 1 (warm) welcomed by the audience (观众). What he did helped with the cultural exchanges between China and Europe by means of music. Lang Lang is one of the leading 2 (musician) in the classical music world. Though he put on thousands of shows worldwide, it was his first time 3 (play) the piano at the top of a snowy mountain. The low temperature 4 (make) it quite challenging for him. However, playing in a “fairytale-like” environment was a very special experience, according to Lang Lang. “The piece’ Jasmine Flower’ 5 (choose) specially for this show,” Lang Lang said, “I played this 6 (beauty) piece from my own culture. And I hope to make the audience interested 7 learning more about China through the beauty of Chinese music.” Before Lang Lang played 8 third piece, his fingers became a little cold, 9 he showed no fear of the heavy snow and the thin air. “This show means a lot to 10 (I). I hope we will do more cultural exchanges in the future so as to understand each other better and build a closer relationship between the two countries than before,” added Lang Lang. 【答案】 1．warmly 2．musicians 3．to play 4．made 5．was chosen 6．beautiful 7．in 8．the 9．but 10．me 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文讲述了中国钢琴家郎朗在瑞士中部最高的火车站，于雪山之巅演奏了《爱之梦》《茉莉花》和《哥德堡变奏曲》等曲目。此次演出受到观众热烈欢迎，促进了中欧文化交流，展现了郎朗在古典音乐界的地位以及他通过音乐增进文化理解的期望。 1．考查副词。句意：这场演出受到了观众的热烈欢迎。句中 welcomed 为动词，需用副词来修饰，warm是形容词，其副词形式为warmly，“warmly welcomed”表示“热烈欢迎”，符合句子语境。故填warmly。 2．考查名词复数。句意：郎朗是古典音乐界的领军音乐家之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是常见结构，表示“最……之一”，musician意为“音乐家”，是可数名词，这里要用复数形式musicians。故填musicians。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管他在全球举办了数千场演出，但这是他第一次在雪山之巅弹奏钢琴。“It is/was one's first time to do sth.”是固定句型，意思是“这是某人第一次做某事”，所以这里要用动词不定式to play。故填to play。 4．考查动词时态。句意：低温使这对他来说颇具挑战性。根据上下文语境，这里描述的是过去发生的事情，所以要用一般过去时。make的过去式是 made。故填made。 5．考查动词时态语态。句意：“《茉莉花》这首曲子是为这场演出特别挑选的，”郎朗说。“The piece ‘Jasmine Flower’”是句子的主语，与 choose之间是被动关系，即“曲子被挑选”，且事情发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。主语是单数，be动词用was，choose的过去分词是chosen。故填was chosen。 6．考查形容词。句意：我弹奏了这首来自我自己文化的美妙曲子。这里需要一个形容词来修饰名词piece，beauty是名词，其形容词形式为beautiful，意为“美妙的，美丽的”。故填beautiful。 7．考查介词。句意：我希望通过中国音乐之美，让观众有兴趣更多地了解中国。“be interested in”是固定短语，意思是“对……感兴趣”，所以这里填in。故填in。 8．考查冠词。句意：在郎朗弹奏第三首曲子之前，他的手指有点冷，但他并不惧怕大雪和稀薄的空气。在序数词前一般要用定冠词the，表示顺序“第三”。故填the。 9．考查连词。句意：在郎朗弹奏第三首曲子之前，他的手指有点冷，但他并不惧怕大雪和稀薄的空气。前一句提到手指冷，后一句说不惧怕恶劣环境，前后形成转折关系，所以用连词but。故填but。 10．考查代词。句意：“这场演出对我意义重大。我希望我们将来能进行更多的文化交流，以便更好地相互理解，使两国之间的关系比以前更紧密，”郎朗补充道。这里作介词to的宾语，要用宾格形式，I的宾格是me。故填me。 主题01 人与社会——生活与文化 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·山东德州·期末） Rice is the most common food for a large part of the world’s population, with its biological cycle 1 (range) from about 95 days to around 250 days. 2 is important to harvest rice crops on time. If we harvest too early, the collected grains (谷粒) will not be fully-grown. When crops are harvested late, grains will fall onto the ground, leading to a heavy 3 (lose). As 4 general rule, the harvest may begin only when grains have a golden yellow colour. Harvesting can take place manually (手动地) or mechanically. In manual harvesting, farmers use sharp knives 5 (collect) rice plants. Then, they carefully remove the grains. Mechanical harvesting can 6 (do) with machines that combine all the functions, such as cutting and threshing (脱粒). After harvesting, rice seeds contain a lot of moisture (水分). 7 (typical), farmers dry the grains out before storage to prevent them from going bad. There are mainly two 8 (approach) to making grains dry — the traditional method and the mechanical one. Because of its low and almost zero cost, plenty of countries have a 9 (prefer) for the traditional drying method. Farmers spread the grains over places 10 it’s easy for them to receive sunlight. The mechanical drying method uses different types of dryers to remove water from grains. 【答案】 1．ranging 2．It 3．loss 4．a 5．to collect 6．be done 7．Typically 8．approaches 9．preference 10．where 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了水稻收割与干燥的关键流程，指出适时收割的重要性，对比人工与机械收割的差异，并分析传统晾晒与机械干燥的情况。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：水稻是全球大部分人口最常见的主粮，其生物周期从约95天到250天不等。此处用了with的复合结构，空处作宾语补足语，range“（在一定范围内）变化，变动”和its biological cycle逻辑上是主动关系，因此用range的现在分词形式。故填ranging。 2．考查固定句型。句意：按时收割水稻十分重要。根据“is important to harvest”可知，此处用固定句型“it is+形容词+to do sth.”表示“做某事是……的”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填It。 3．考查名词。句意：若庄稼收割过晚，稻粒会掉落地面，导致严重损失。空处作leading to的宾语，被heavy修饰，名词loss符合题意，意为“损失”，空前有冠词a，loss应用单数形式。故填loss。 4．考查冠词。句意：一般而言，只有当稻粒呈现金黄色时才能开始收割。as a general rule是固定短语，意为“一般而言”。故填a。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：人工收割时，农民使用锋利的刀具收集水稻植株。句子已有谓语use，空处是非谓语，作目的状语，表示“为了/来……”，应用collect“收集”的不定式形式。故填to collect。 6．考查动词语态。句意：机械收割可以用结合了所有功能的机器来完成，比如收割和脱粒。空处和can构成谓语，结合“Mechanical harvesting”可知，do“完成”和主语Mechanical harvesting之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且情态动词后be动词用原形。故填be done。 7．考查副词。句意：通常，农民会在储存前晒干稻谷以防霉变。空处修饰整个句子，副词typically符合题意，意为“通常，一般”，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Typically。 8．考查名词复数。句意：干燥稻粒的方法主要有两种：传统方法与机械方法。通常，农民会在储存前晒干稻谷以防霉变。空处作there be句型的主语，空前的two表明可数名词approach“方法”应用复数形式。故填approaches。 9．考查名词。句意：由于成本极低甚至为零，许多国家更倾向传统晾晒法。空处作have的宾语，名词preference符合题意，意为“偏好”，空前有冠词a，preference应用单数形式。故填preference。 10．考查定语从句。句意：农民将稻谷摊晒在易接收阳光的场所。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词places，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。 Passage 2 （23-24学年高一上·山东枣庄一中·期末） As we all know, high school life is not easy for each student. You will meet a lot of challenges. Here are some tips for you to lead 1 happy and meaningful life. There are various amazing 2 (resource) in your school and you’d better try to make the most of 3 (they) to realize your potential. Make every effort to get over difficulties and seize every opportunity to improve your ability. The more knowledge you acquire, the 4 (confidence) you will have. Try to be an 5 (independence) and responsible person. In class you’d better focus 6 your lessons and try to find an efficient method. After class you’d better do regular exercise, for health is of equal 7 (important) to you. You can take part in some clubs in 8 you can improve your character in your free time. Try to exchange words with your friends or classmates and you will learn much from them. Learn 9 (balance) between your study and hobbies and keep a positive attitude towards your school life and no matter what happens, stick to your plan! 10 (write) your aim on your desk is a good way to remind you to work harder. You will be a well-rounded individual! 【答案】 1．a 2．resources 3．them 4．more confidence 5．independent 6．on 7．importance 8．which 9．to balance 10．Writing 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要是给高中生提供如何过上快乐且有意义的生活的一些建议。 1．考查冠词。句意：这里有一些建议，可以让你过上幸福而有意义的生活。life是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，happy是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 2．考查名词的复数。句意：在你的学校里有各种各样令人惊叹的资源，你应该尽量充分利用它们来实现你的潜力。resource是可数名词，被various修饰，因此空格处用复数，故填resources。 3．考查代词。句意：在你的学校里有各种各样令人惊叹的资源，你应该尽量充分利用它们来实现你的潜力。空格处用代词的宾格them作宾语，指代上文提到的“资源”，故填them。 4．考查比较级。句意：你获得的知识越多，你就越有信心。“the+比较级，the+比较级”是固定搭配，意为“越……越……”，因此空格处用more confidence作have的宾语。故填more confidence。 5．考查形容词。句意：试着做一个独立负责的人。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰person，independence的形容词是independent，意为“独立的”，故填independent。 6．考查介词。句意：在课堂上，你最好专注于你的课程，并试图找到一个有效的方法。focus on是固定短语，意为“专注于”，因此空格处用介词on，故填on。 7．考查名词。句意：课后你最好经常锻炼，因为健康对你来说同样重要。equal是形容词，修饰名词，important的名词是importance，意为“重要性”，是不可数名词，故填importance。 8．考查定语从句。句意：在空闲时间，你可以参加一些社团活动，在这些活动中你可以完善自己的性格。此处是“介词+which/whom”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词clubs是物，因此空格处用which，故填which。 9．考查不定式。句意：学会平衡学习和爱好，保持对学校生活的积极态度，无论发生什么，都要坚持自己的计划！learn to do sth.是固定短语，意为“学会做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to balance，故填to balance。 10．考查动名词。句意：把你的目标写在书桌上是提醒自己更加努力的好方法。空格处用动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Writing。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一上·山东银滩中学·期末） A short soft brush connected to a long hard handle — a simple Chinese writing brush (毛笔) can describe the most complicated idea. Perhaps the writing brush is one of the few tools invented by humans that is so practical yet so rich in symbolic meanings over 1 (century). It not only 2 (express) common people’s feelings, but also recorded history and created the most refined art and literature of this culture, greatly 3 (influence) the development path of Chinese civilization. The writing brush is not only a symbol of Chinese culture, but also the 4 (create) of Chinese culture. Meng Tian, a great general (将军) of the Qin state, has long been considered 5 the forefather (祖先) of the writing brush. One day, he was out hunting. He saw that the tail of 6 unlucky rabbit had left a trail of blood on the ground, 7 inspired him to make the first Chinese writing brush in history. 8 (actual), the history of the Chinese brush dates back at least 6, 000 years. Archaeological evidence (考古证据) shows that more than 6, 000 years ago, people living in the Banpo site, 10 kilometers east of today’s Xi’an, Shaanxi province, 9 (use) brushes to draw patterns and lines. However, in the late 20th century, with the widespread adoption of modern pens, writing brushes began to lose their long-standing importance. 10 (protect) this ancient craft, Hu Brush made in Huzhou was listed in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2006. 【答案】 1．centuries 2．expressed 3．influencing 4．creator 5．as 6．an 7．which 8．Actually 9．used 10．To protect 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍中国毛笔的象征意义、相传的发明者、悠久历史，及为保护毛笔工艺将湖笔列入非遗的情况。 1．考查名词复数。句意：或许毛笔是人类发明的为数不多的工具之一，几个世纪以来，它既实用又富含象征意义。century为可数名词，表示“多个世纪”，应用复数形式centuries。故填centuries。 2．考查动词时态。句意：它不仅表达了普通人的情感，还记录了历史，创造了该文化中最精致的艺术和文学，极大地影响了中华文明的发展道路。此处为谓语动词，描述毛笔过去到现在所起的作用，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为expressed，与后文“recorded”和“created”时态一致。故填expressed。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：它不仅表达了普通人的情感，还记录了历史，创造了该文化中最精致的艺术和文学，极大地影响了中华文明的发展道路。此处为非谓语动词，前面整个句子描述的内容与influence为主动关系，用现在分词influencing作结果状语。故填influencing。 4．考查名词。句意：毛笔不仅是中国文化的象征，也是中国文化的创造者。此处作表语，用create的名词形式creator，意为“创造者”，根据前文“the”及语境，指“毛笔这一创造者”，用单数形式。故填creator。 5．考查介词。句意：秦国名将蒙恬，长期被认为是毛笔的始祖。此处为固定搭配“be considered as”，意为“被认为是……”，所以用介词as。故填as。 6．考查冠词。句意：他看到一只不幸的兔子的尾巴在地上留下了血迹，这启发他制作了历史上第一支中国毛笔。rabbit为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“一只不幸的兔子”，且unlucky是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。 7．考查定语从句。句意：他看到一只不幸的兔子的尾巴在地上留下了血迹，这启发他制作了历史上第一支中国毛笔。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文“兔子尾巴留血迹”这件事，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 8．考查副词。句意：实际上，中国毛笔的历史至少可以追溯到6000年前。此处修饰整个句子，用actual的副词形式actually，意为“实际上”，句首首字母大写。故填Actually。 9．考查动词时态。句意：考古证据表明，6000多年前，生活在今陕西省西安市以东10公里半坡遗址的人们，就用毛笔绘制图案和线条。此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语“more than 6, 000 years ago”，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为used。故填used。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保护这一古老工艺，2006年，湖州生产的湖笔被列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，“将湖笔列入非遗”的目的是“保护古老工艺”，用动词不定式to protect作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填To protect。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高一上·山东泰安一中·期末） In China, calligraphy refers to the way of writing. The writing brush, ink stick, ink stone, and paper were essential tools for ancient Chinese 1 (scholar) and they are often referred to as the “Four Treasures of the Study.” The writing brush, together with ink stick, 2 (use) by the Chinese to write and paint for more than 5,000 years. In the Qin Dynasty (221 BC-206 BC), people already used feathers of different hardness and bamboo trunks 3 (produce) brushes. During the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD), people focused instead on man-made ink, due to its 4 (convenient) over natural ink. After paper was invented by the Chinese, bamboo slips, wooden tablets, brocade and silk, 5 originally functioned as writing surfaces, gradually faded out. The ancient Chinese first 6 (develop) ink stone with the use of writing brushes and ink. After the Song Dynasty (910AD-1279 AD), the “Four Treasures of the Study” were 7 (especial) referred to hubi: the writing brush produced in Huzhou, Zhejiang province; huimo, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, Anhui province; xuan paper, 8 kind of paper produced in Xuanzhou, Anhui province; 9 duanyan, the ink stone produced in Zhaoqing, Guangdong province (Zhaoqing was earlier called Duanzhou). 10 is a fact that the “Four Treasures of the Study” have played a key role in recording and preserving Chinese civilization. 【答案】 1．scholars 2．has been used 3．to produce 4．convenience 5．which 6．developed 7．especially 8．a 9．and 10．It 【导语】文章是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国书法相关工具“文房四宝”的构成、历史发展以及重要意义。 1．考查名词的数。句意：笔、墨、纸和砚是中国古代学者必不可少的工具，它们通常被称为“文房四宝”。设空处为介词for的宾语，应用名词，表示学者，是可数名词，这里表泛指，应用复数形式，故填scholars。 2．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：中国人使用毛笔和墨锭来书写和绘画已有5000多年的历史。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语for more than 5,000 years，应用现在完成时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语The writing brush，助动词用has，故填has been used。 3．考查不定式。句意：在秦朝（公元前221年 — 公元前206年），人们已经使用不同硬度的羽毛和竹干来制作毛笔。本句已有谓语used，设空处为非谓语动词，作目的状语，应用不定式，故填to produce。 4．考查名词。句意：在汉代（公元前206年 — 公元220年），人们转而关注人造墨，因为它比天然墨更方便。设空处为介词to的宾语，应用名词，故填convenience。 5．考查定语从句。句意：中国人发明纸之后，原本用作书写表面的竹简、木版、锦缎和丝绸逐渐消失。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the Chinese, bamboo slips, wooden tablets, brocade and silk ，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，故填which。 6．考查时态。句意：中国古人在使用毛笔和墨的过程中，最早发明了砚台。设空处为谓语，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填developed。 7．考查副词。句意：宋代（公元910 — 1279年）以后，“文房四宝”特指湖笔：产自浙江湖州的毛笔；徽墨，产于安徽徽州的墨；宣纸，一种产于安徽宣州的纸；以及产于广东肇庆（肇庆以前叫端州）的端砚。设空处修饰动词短语referred to，应用副词作状语，故填especially。 8．考查冠词。句意：同上。“a kind of”是固定搭配，意为“一种”，故填a。 9．考查连词。句意：宋代（公元910 — 1279年）以后，“文房四宝”特指湖笔：产自浙江湖州的毛笔；徽墨，产于安徽徽州的墨；宣纸，一种产于安徽宣州的纸；以及产于广东肇庆（肇庆以前叫端州）的端砚。空格前后分别列举 “宣纸”和“端砚”，二者是“文房四宝”中并列的两个事物，用and连接，故填and。 10．考查代词。句意：事实上，“文房四宝”在记录和保存中华文明方面发挥了关键作用。“that the ‘Four Treasures of the Study’...civilization”是真正的主语，为避免句子头重脚轻，需用it 作形式主语，句首单词首字母大写，故填It。 Passage 5 （23-24学年高一上·山东潍坊·期末） Early in the morning, when the sky starts to get light over 1 village near Beijing, 75-year-old Hao Lanying is sitting 2 her desk. She has a pair of scissors (剪刀) in her hand and is cutting a red piece of paper. The shape she is making is a snake going around a bird. This design is one of a group of works she made 3 (celebrate) the Year of the Snake.​ “I made the ’Lucky Snake’ series to give as gifts to elderly 4 (local),” Hao said. She is from Jishanying Village in Shunyi District. She is someone 5 does the art of paper cutting, which is known as an intangible cultural heritage. Hao has a special skill 6 (call) water-ripple paper cutting. It started in a family in Shunyi at the end of the Qing Dynasty. What makes her works so 7 (attract) is that she uses scissors, not knives. With her good hands, she cuts small patterns of moving water and falling rain on a single layer of red paper. This makes her designs look like they are alive. In 2004, UNESCO took one of her works to keep in its 8 (collect). For the last 20 years, her works 9 (give) as national gifts to leaders from many European countries. Now, in the digital time, Hao is happy to try new ways to keep doing her work. She has helped to make an AR teaching system for paper cutting. With this system, people can scan her works and 10 (direct) watch, in a special 3D way, how the whole thing was made. 【答案】 1．a 2．at 3．to celebrate 4．locals 5．who 6．called 7．attractive 8．collection 9．have been given 10．directly 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍北京附近75岁剪纸艺人郝兰英的剪纸技艺、作品及传承创新举措。 1．考查冠词。句意：清晨，当北京附近一个村庄的天空开始变亮时，75岁的郝兰英正坐在书桌旁。village为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“北京附近的一个村庄”，且以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．考查介词。句意：清晨，当北京附近一个村庄的天空开始变亮时，75岁的郝兰英正坐在书桌旁。此处为固定搭配“sit at one’s desk”，意为“坐在书桌旁”，所以用介词at。故填at。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：她正在剪的图案是一条缠绕着鸟的蛇，这个设计是她为庆祝蛇年创作的一组作品之一。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示创作作品的目的是“庆祝蛇年”，用动词不定式to celebrate作目的状语。故填to celebrate。 4．考查名词复数。句意：郝兰英说：“我创作‘吉祥蛇’系列作品，是为了作为礼物送给当地的老年人。”local此处意为“当地人”，为可数名词，根据“elderly”可知，此处应用复数形式locals，表泛指“当地的老年人”。故填locals。 5．考查定语从句。句意：她是一位剪纸艺人，而剪纸是一项非物质文化遗产。此处为关系词引导定语从句，先行词为someone，指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。故填who。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：郝兰英掌握一项名为“水纹剪纸”的特殊技艺。此处为非谓语动词，skill与call为被动关系，用过去分词called作后置定语，表示“被称作……的技艺”。故填called。 7．考查形容词。句意：她的作品之所以如此有吸引力，是因为她用的是剪刀而非刻刀。此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，用attract的形容词形式attractive作宾补，意为“有吸引力的”符合句意。故填attractive。 8．考查名词。句意：2004年，联合国教科文组织收藏了她的一件作品。空前为形容词性物主代词its，用collect的名词形式collection，意为“收藏品”，为可数名词，此处指联合国教科文组织的收藏体系，用单数形式。故填collection。 9．考查动词语态和时态。句意：在过去的20年里，她的作品多次作为国礼赠送给许多欧洲国家的领导人。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“For the last 20 years”可知，用现在完成时；且works与give为被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语her works为复数，故填have been given。 10．考查副词。句意：借助这个系统，人们可以扫描她的作品，并以特殊的3D方式直接观看整个作品的创作过程。此处修饰动词watch，用direct的副词形式directly，意为“直接地”。故填directly。 Passage 6 （24-25学年高一上·山东日照·期末） When I was a child, my family would always sit down together for meals. My favourite was among the simplest: spaghetti pomodoro, pasta in tomato sauce. We ate fresh vegetables and fruit, and, starting in our teenage years, 1 (drink) a glass of red wine. We ate together. I enjoyed a few slices of prosciutto and practised a wide variety of outdoor sports. This centuries-old Mediterranean (地中海) diet kept me fit, 2 turned out to be good not just my personal well-being, but for the planet’s health too. In 2020, we will celebrate 3 tenth anniversary of UNESCO’s designation (指定) of this Mediterranean diet as a “Cultural Heritage of Humanity”. But unfortunately, Italians 4 (turn) away from their traditional healthy diet. We have started to eat more fast food and have increased our portions. 5 (few) Italians enjoy social meals with family and friends. Italian children were 6 the most overweight in a recent study of 30 countries by the WHO. Poor nutrition is a global problem, not just an Italian one. The fact that it’s hitting Italy, the land 7 the Mediterranean diet originated, represents a dangerous contradiction- one of many affecting the world of food. After years of decline, hunger is back on the rise. Globally, some 821 million people still do not have enough 8 (eat). Yet 9 the poor south hungers, the rich north gorges: some 2 billion people are overweight. We waste one-third of global food production. Livestock consume an estimated two-thirds of all the land that 10 (devote) to agriculture and contribute about half of farming-related greenhouse-gas emissions. 【答案】 1．drank 2．which 3．the 4．are turning/have been turning 5．Fewer 6．among 7．where 8．to eat 9．though/although/while 10．is devoted 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以作者自身经历引出地中海饮食，介绍了其对健康和地球的益处，同时指出意大利人正逐渐偏离这种传统健康饮食，还阐述了全球范围内存在的营养不良、饥饿与肥胖并存、食物浪费以及畜牧业对环境影响等饮食相关问题。 1．考查动词时态。句意：我们吃新鲜的蔬菜和水果，并且从青少年时期开始，喝一杯红酒。分析句子结构，and连接并列谓语，根据前文的“ate”以及“starting in our teenage years”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填drank。 2．考查定语从句。句意：这种有着数百年历史的地中海饮食使我保持健康，事实证明，这不仅对我的个人健康有益，对地球的健康也有益。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子“This centuries-old Mediterranean diet kept me fit”，关系词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 3．考查冠词。句意：2020年，我们将庆祝联合国教科文组织将地中海饮食列为“人类非物质文化遗产”十周年。此处表示“第十个周年纪念日”，序数词tenth前需加定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。 4．考查动词时态。句意：但不幸的是，意大利人正逐渐偏离他们传统的健康饮食。根据语境可知，此处表示当前正在发生的动作或从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，可用现在进行时或现在完成进行时。主语Italians为复数，现在进行时的谓语结构为“are+现在分词”，现在完成进行时的谓语结构为“have been+现在分词”。故填are turning/have been turning。 5．考查形容词比较级。句意：越来越少的意大利人喜欢和家人朋友一起享受社交聚餐。根据前文“We have started to eat more fast food and have increased our portions”可知，此处表示与过去相比，现在享受社交聚餐的意大利人更少了，应用few的比较级fewer，且句首单词首字母需大写。故填Fewer。 6．考查介词。句意：在世界卫生组织最近对30个国家进行的一项研究中，意大利儿童是超重人群中比例最高的之一。根据语境“of 30 countries”可知，此处表示“在……之中”，应用介词among，符合语境。故填among。 7．考查定语从句。句意：事实上，这个问题正影响着意大利——地中海饮食的发源地，这本身就体现了一种危险的矛盾，而这种矛盾只是影响全球饮食领域的众多问题之一。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，先行词为the land，关系词在从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：在全球范围内，约有8.21亿人仍然没有足够的食物可吃。此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰enough，“enough to eat”表示“足够吃的（东西）”。故填to eat。 9．考查连词。句意：然而，尽管贫穷的南方在挨饿，富裕的北方却在暴饮暴食：约有20亿人超重。根据语境可知，前后句之间存在转折关系，此处需用连词though/although/while（尽管，虽然）引导让步状语从句。故填though/although/while。 10．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：据估计，畜牧业占用了农业用地的三分之二，并贡献了农业相关温室气体排放量的约一半。分析句子结构，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the land，从句主语the land与devote之间为被动关系，需用被动语态；此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；先行词the land为不可数名词，从句谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is devoted。 Passage 7 （24-25学年高一上·山东烟台·期末） Three documentary heritage collections submitted (提交) by China 1 (list) in the UNESCO Memory of the World Register up to now. Among the 74 newly added 2 (entry), China contributed two single submissions — the Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng and the Steles(石碑) of Shaolin Temple — as well as a joint submission with Sri Lanka: the Trilingual Inscription(铭文). The Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng, which 3 (discover) in 1978 from the Tombs of Marquis Yi in Suizhou, Hubei Province, is a remarkable set of ancient bells. These uniquely-designed and time-honored bells not only offer insights into early Chinese musical traditions but also contain inscriptions that are considered as 4 earliest surviving archaeological records illustrating mathematical relationships in music. The Steles of Shaolin Temple contains 499 surviving steles of the symbolic temple, presenting a 5 (relative) complete historical document in the form of stone inscriptions. The third entry 6 (carve) by Zheng He on Feb. 15,1409 features texts 7 Chinese, Persian, and Tamil. UNESCO describes it as the only known trilingual text 8 (combine) these three languages. “Documentary heritage is an essential yet weak element of the Memory of the World. This is 9 UNESCO spends so much funds in safeguarding it, shares best practices, 10 maintains this register that records the broad threads of human history,” said UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay. 【答案】 1．have been listed 2．entries 3．was discovered 4．the 5．relatively 6．carved 7．in 8．combining 9．why 10．and 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国三项文献遗产入选世界记忆名录的情况。 1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：截至目前，中国提交的三项文献遗产已被列入联合国教科文组织《世界记忆名录》。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语up to now可知，空处需用现在完成时；主语collections与动词list之间是被动关系，所以空处需用现在完成时的被动语态：have/has been done，主语是复数，所以空处助动词需用have。故填have been listed。 2．考查名词复数。句意：在新增的74个条目中，中国提交了两个单独的项目——曾侯乙编钟和少林寺石碑——以及与斯里兰卡的联合提交项目：三语铭文。entry为可数名词“条目”， 74后接可数名词复数形式。故填entries。 3．考查动词时态和语态。句意：曾侯乙编钟是1978年在湖北省随州市曾侯乙墓中出土的一套非凡的古代编钟。空处为定语从句的谓语动词。根据时间状语in 1978可知，空处需用一般过去时；从句主语which指代先行词The Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng，与动词discover之间是被动关系，所以空处需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done，主语是单数，所以空处be动词需用was。故填was discovered。 4．考查冠词。句意：这些设计独特、历史悠久的编钟不仅为了解中国早期音乐传统提供了洞见，还包含了被认为是最早的现存考古记录，展示了音乐中的数学关系。形容词最高级earliest前必须加定冠词the，表示“最早的现存考古记录”。故填the。 5．考查副词。句意：少林寺石碑包含了这座象征性寺庙现存的499块石碑，以石刻的形式呈现了一份相对完整的历史文献。 此处修饰形容词complete，需用副词relatively“相对地”作状语。故填relatively。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：第三个条目是郑和于1409年2月15日刻制的，包含中文、波斯文和泰米尔文的文本。本句已有谓语动词features，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词entry，动词carve与名词entry之间是逻辑被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语。故填carved。 7．考查介词。 句意：同上。 in+语言，表示使用某种语言，固定搭配。故填in。 8．考查非谓语动词。 句意：联合国教科文组织将其描述为已知的唯一结合这三种语言的三语文本。本句已有谓语动词describes，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词text，动词combine与名词text之间是逻辑主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词作后置定语。故填combining。 9．考查表语从句。 句意：这就是为什么联合国教科文组织花费大量资金保护它，分享最佳实践，并维护这一记录人类历史广泛脉络的登记册。空处引导表语从句，从句结构完整，结合句意可知，空处需用连接副词why引导表语从句（从句表示结果）。故填why。 10．考查连词。 句意：同上。 根据空前“spends so much funds in safeguarding it, shares best practices”和空后 “maintains this register”可知，空处需用连词and连接三个并列的谓语。故填and。 Passage 8 （24-25学年高一上·山东济宁·期末） The China Wildlife Image and Video Competition, hosted by the Chinese National Geography, has long been 1 event of great significance in the field of wildlife documentation. At an awards ceremony recently held in Beijing, 17 remarkable images and videos, which 2 (select) from over 37,600 submissions globally, deeply attracted the audience. The competition, 3 (theme) “Spirituality of Mountains and Seas” this year, aims to enhance public awareness of wildlife and ecological conservation. Among the award-winning 4 (entry), the work of Jia Haining’s team on Oriental storks (东方白鹳) in the Yellow River Delta stood out 5 (noticeable). Their delicate piece of art beautifully demonstrated the region’s ecological harmony and species 6 (diverse). To film the dynamic moment 7 the birds left their nests, they arrived at the filming site as early as 4:30 am. And they waited patiently for almost two months 8 the young storks’ first flight! The judges praised their work as a breathtaking symphony of life. Additionally, special awards for mobile photography and social media engagement were introduced to encourage 9 (broad) public participation. The competition, as Dr. Jane Goodall noted, has the power to inspire people, especially those who rarely have the opportunity to experience nature firsthand, 10 (reconnect) with the natural world. 【答案】 1．an 2．were selected 3．themed 4．entries 5．noticeably 6．diversity 7．when 8．for 9．broader 10．to reconnect 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是由中国国家地理主办的中国野生动物影像和视频大赛的情况。 1．考查冠词。句意：由《中国国家地理》主办的“中国野生动物影像录像大赛”一直是野生动物文献记录领域具有重要意义的活动。event是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，event是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。 2．考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：最近在北京举行的颁奖典礼上，从全球超过37,600份参赛作品中选出了17张出色的图片和视频，深深吸引了观众。图片和视频是被选择，由attracted可知句子时态是一般过去时，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，which指代的先行词17 remarkable images and videos是复数，因此空格处是were selected。故填were selected。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：今年的比赛主题为“Spirituality of Mountains and Seas”，旨在提高公众对野生动物和生态保护的意识。句中谓语是aims，空格处用非谓语动词，competition和theme之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填themed。 4．考查名词的复数。句意：在获奖作品中，Jia Haining团队关于黄河三角洲东方鹳的作品引人注目。entry是可数名词，不止一个，因此空格处用复数，故填entries。 5．考查副词。句意：在获奖作品中，Jia Haining团队关于黄河三角洲东方鹳的作品引人注目。空格处用副词修饰动词短语stood out，noticeable的副词是noticeably，意为“显著地，引人注目地”，故填noticeably。 6．考查名词。句意：他们精致的艺术品精美地展示了该地区的生态和谐和物种多样性。空格处用名词作宾语，diverse的名词是diversity，是不可数名词，意为“多样性”。故填diversity。 7．考查定语从句。句意：为了拍摄这些鸟离开巢穴的动态瞬间，他们早在凌晨4:30就到达了拍摄地点。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词moment是时间，因此用关系副词when，故填when。 8．考查介词。句意：他们耐心地等待了近两个月，等待小鹳的第一次飞行！wait for是固定短语，意为“等待”，因此空格处用介词for，故填for。 9．考查比较级。句意：此外，还设立了手机摄影和社交媒体参与特别奖，以鼓励更广泛的公众参与。根据语境可知，句子表示“以鼓励更广泛的公众参与”，空格处用比较级broader，表示“更广泛的”。故填broader。 10．考查不定式。句意：正如Jane Goodall博士所指出的那样，这项竞赛具有激励人们，尤其是那些很少有机会亲身体验大自然的人，重新与自然世界建立联系的力量。inspire sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“激励某人做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to reconnect，故填to reconnect。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $