卷03-【灿烂六月 · 金8卷】备战2026年高考英语模拟卷（上海卷）

………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 【灿烂六月·高考金8卷】 备战2026年高考英语模拟卷（上海卷03） （笔试部分：115分） II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. When Reality Feels Unreal In today’s world of perfect pictures and computer-made videos, our sense of what is “real” is quietly changing. Experts now describe a strange reaction called the “Giving NPC” Effect — a kind of mental mistake in 1 truly real people or scenes suddenly seem unreal. The term comes from video games: NPCs, or non-player characters, speak and move by fixed rules. More and more, online pictures full of smooth skin, clean rooms, and perfectly timed actions give a similar feeling of 2 (make) by a machine. Behind this confusion is the rise of what some call the “after-perfect” look. For years, online life 3 (praise) clean and exact styles. But this kind of perfection has become so common and so even that it now feels false. Our brains, 4 (build) to expect the small mess of real life—shaking hands, uneven light, little mistakes — find it hard to believe in images that look too good. When every post seems carefully fixed, realness itself starts to look like something fake. This doubt grows stronger 5 _______AI-made fake videos, which can copy famous people with surprising truth. 6 ________we see such a video, our brains learn to be careful about what they see. Soon, even normal videos make us feel unsure. We start to think, “Something is wrong,” even when nothing is. The more people try to look perfect online, the 7 (real) they appear to others. Still, this feeling is not all bad. It shows that people now want natural and simple things — moments that 8 (see) as alive rather than corrected. The quiet change has already begun: random photo groups, soft-focus videos, and honest speech are now becoming popular. These small signs remind us that life is not perfect; it is full of noise, and that is 9 makes it true. 10 (regain) trust in our eyes, we may need to change our values. Instead of loving perfection, we can learn to enjoy honesty more than order. A small pause, a smile line, or a bit of shaking in a voice can tell us more about being human than the cleanest picture ever could. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．suitable    B．genuine    C． distributed   D．sustainability   E. rising  F. severe G. accused    H. aiming     I. positioning    J. investigation     K. exposed The outdoor brand Arc’teryx co-hosted a fireworks show Dragon Ascent with artist Cai Guoqiang in the Himalayas, 11 to honor alpine culture as part of its “Upward to Beauty” series. However, the 52-second show quickly triggered a(n) 12 controversy (争议) over ecological risks. Long promoting “Leave No Trace” and 13 itself as a defender of nature, the brand claimed to use IOC-certified biodegradable materials. But experts argued that in the plateau’s cold, oxygen-poor environment, microbial (微生物的) activity is weak, making material degradation extremely slow-standards for cities are not 14 for the delicate ecosystem.Worse, on-site checks found residual wires and plastic, with obvious artificial trampling (践踏)on the centuries-old alpine grassland. Critics 15 the event of breaking the brand’s core value of “respecting nature”, calling it a contradiction (矛盾) between marketing and responsibility. With public anger 16 , Arc’teryx deleted promotional posts and apologized, but this failed to calm tensions. A bigger backlash (抵制) came when netizens noticed the difference between its domestic and overseas apologies: the former blamed “execution faults”, while the latter admitted conflicting with brand commitments. Local authorities soon set up a(n) 17 team to look into whether the incident was handled according to the rules. The failure 18 the brand’s flawed risk assessment and lack of respect for ecological red lines. For Arc’teryx, once honored with the “Hermes of outdoor gear (装备)”, repairing damaged trust requires more than words — it needs 19 actions to make up for errors, not just promises. This incident has raised critical questions: How should commercial brands balance publicity with environmental protection? As a high-profile case of broken brand credibility, it serves as a striking warning for enterprises connecting their image with 20 . Ultimately, true respect for nature lies not in grand shows, but in consistent obedience to eco-friendly principles. III. Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Although competition is a fact of life, it makes business difficult, contributing to an ever-downward pressure on prices, ever-rising costs (such as the funding of new product development and marketing), and an urgent need to outsmart competitors. 21 , the benefits of finding a market gap — a small part of a market that is free of competition — are obvious: greater control over prices, lower costs, and improved profits. The identification of a market gap is often all that is needed to 22 a new business. In 2006, Twitter founder Jack Dorsey combined short-form communication with social media, providing a service that no one else had 23 . Free to most users, revenue (收入) comes from companies who 24 promotional tweets and profiles: Twitter earned advertising revenues of $582 million in 2013. Not all gaps are profitable, 25 . The Amphicar, for instance, was a car produced in the 1960s for US consumers who wanted to drive on roads and rivers. It was a totally new idea, but the market was too small to be profitable. This was also true for bottled water for pets-launched in the US in 1994, Thirsty Cat! And Thirsty Dog! failed to 26 pet owners. Snapple, the manufacturer of healthy tea and juice drinks, is a company that has 27 found a sustainable and profitable market gap. A glance at the beverage (饮料) counter of any supermarket reveals that dozens of brands 28 for sales. Many companies have failed in this highly competitive market: for example, Pepsi tried to capture a (n) 29 market for morning cola with its short-lived, high-caffeine drink, AM. Success for Snapple came from positioning the product as a unique brand-Snapple was one of the first companies to manufacture juices and drinks made completely from natural ingredients. Its founders ran a health store in Manhattan, and the company used the slogan: “100% Natural.” Snapple 30 students, commuters (通勤者), and lunch-time office workers with a new healthy “snack” drink. Distribution was through small, inner-city stores where customers could “grab-and-go.” These 31 helped to secure a profitable and sustainable market gap, distinguishing Snapple from its competitors in the 1980s and 1990s. In 1994 sales peaked at $674 million. Unoccupied market territory can present major opportunities for companies but the challenge lies in identifying which gaps are profitable and which are 32 . During the 1990s, many companies became 33 about the potential of the “green” market, across a whole range of goods. But this market has failed to materialize in any profitable way. This marks one of the potential problems in identifying market gaps based on market research: sometimes consumers have strong attitudes or opinions on trends or issues — such as ecology — that they are 34 to consider when purchasing products, especially if they affect cost. Many market gaps, it seems, are 35 , but unrealistic. 21．A．On the whole B．What’s more C．In contrast D．As a matter of fact 22．A．launch B．purchase C．investigate D．defeat 23．A．helped B．enjoyed C．spotted D．permitted 24．A．care about B．rely on C．look after D．pay for 25．A．otherwise B．consequently C．however D．instead 26．A．think about B．appeal to C．point at D．learn from 27．A．successfully B．instantly C．unfortunately D．insecurely 28．A．wait B．compete C．search D．exchange 29．A．non-existent B．non-productive C．non-profit D．non-random 30．A．equipped B．charged C．bothered D．targeted 31．A．analyses B．strategies C．prospects D．perspectives 32．A．directions B．traps C．objections D．events 33．A．guilty B．particular C．concerned D．excited 34．A．pleased B．disappointed C．unwilling D．grateful 35．A．tempting B．tremendous C．revealable D．different Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Silver Spring, Maryland, is home to many people who have moved there from other countries. A retired local resident named Manuel Vera wanted to do something helpful for his neighbors. He first offered to repair bicycles for free, asking only to be paid back for any new part he needed. Soon, he realized that many families had extra bikes sitting unused in their garages. Vera began collecting these bikes and fixing them in his small but well-equipped backyard shed. This came at a time when many new families were arriving in Silver Spring and needed inexpensive ways to travel around the community. Vera started bringing the repaired bikes to parks, community centers, and apartment complexes. With a sign reading “Free Bikes”, he matched people with the perfect ride. At his very first giveaway, six bikes were taken in less than 30 minutes. Word quickly spread. Neighbors now call him the “Bike Dude” and regularly donate bikes, helmets, and locks. Local markets and online community groups also help gather supplies, keeping Vera busy. Vera works closely with community organizations that support new families. These groups give him details like a person’s height and age so he can deliver a bike that fits. Vera, who moved to the United States from Peru when he was 14, understands how hard it can be to start over in a new place. He remembers one man who needed a way to get to his night job, so Vera provided a bike, a helmet, lights, and safety gear. Community organizer Manizha Azizi spoke highly of Vera’s efforts: “Many people want to help, but Manuel takes care of everything.” So far, more than 700 people in Silver Spring have received free bikes, giving them transportation, independence, and happiness. Vera’s kindness has turned unused bikes into valuable tools for building new lives, showing how one person’s generosity can keep an entire community moving forward. 36．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “shed” in paragraph 1? A．A small room inside a house for guests. B．A large shop that sells bicycles and gear. C．A place where people gather to ride bikes. D．A small building used for storage or work. 37．What did Vera do at his very first free bike event? A．He bought six new bikes from a local market. B．He sold six bikes to raise money for safety gear. C．He taught six neighbors how to repair their bikes. D．He gave away six bikes in less than half an hour. 38．Why does Vera ask for riders’ height and age before delivering a bike? A．To make sure each bike fits the rider well. B．To test if riders already know how to ride a bike. C．To keep a record of people who receive free bikes. D．To decide how much money to charge for each bike. 39．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A．A Hobby Just for Kids’ Fun B．Helping Newcomers Start Over C．Free Bikes, a Stronger Community D．Ending All Transportation Problems (B) The information, sentences, or questions that you enter into a Generative AI (Gen AI) tool (“prompts”) are a big influence on the quality of outputs you receive. After you enter a prompt, the AI model analyzes your input and generates a response based on the patterns it has learned through its training. More descriptive prompts can improve the quality of the outputs. It’s very important to keep in mind that AI-generated content can be inaccurate, misleading, entirely made up, or disrespectful, so be sure to carefully review any work containing AI content before you use or publish it. Abuse of Gen AI is a serious form of academic misconduct and can be punished by expulsion (开除) from the University. Be specific Generic prompts like “Write a story” will produce generic results. What kind of story do you want? What genre? Is it for adults or children? Adding this type of context and being specific, clear, and to the point will help generate more useful outputs. More specificity can also limit the chances of inaccurate responses. “Act as if…” Asking the AI to behave as if it were a type of person, process, or object can be an easy way to start generating better prompts. The AI will attempt to imitate that role and tailor its answers accordingly. For example, imagine you wanted to help create a recipe based on the ingredients you have in your kitchen. If you added “act as if you are my personal trainer” first, the AI will consider this context in its response, suggesting a healthy recipe or a meal designed to refuel after a workout. ________ Generative AI can produce many different types of outputs, including code, stories, reports, summaries, dialogue, business communications, and much more. Being specific about the type of output you want will produce better results. After describing what you want, try adding “Present this in the form of…” and your preferred output. Or start your prompt with, “Create a [format of output] about/ that contains…” etc. 40．This passage is found in a university’s guideline webpage. What may NOT be found there? A．Restrictions on the usage of Gen AI. B．Guidelines for writing essays with Gen AI. C．Various samples of well-structured prompts. D．Core principles for responsible Gen AI use. 41．Which of the following subtitles can be filled in blank? A．Consider tone and audience. B．Correct mistakes and give feedback. C．Tell it how you want your output to be presented. D．Ask it to create your prompts or what else it needs from you. 42．Suppose you’re the leader of the school basketball team. You are going to deliver a speech about the importance of sports through sharing your personal experience. Which of the following prompts is the most proper when using Gen AI? A．Write an article about the essence of basketball, citing several stories of famous stars. B．Discuss advantages of doing sports, specifically basketball, with reference to literature. C．Make up a story about one’s experience in basketball, showing the importance of sports. D．Compose a motivational basketball team speech sharing personal journey and advocating exercise. (C) Children who don’t read proficiently (熟练地) by the end of the third grade are far more likely to be left behind in many ways. The first thing to know about early literacy is that it is critically important; the next is that it connects to a whole lot of other conditions and challenges. But the best thing to know is that there are solutions to the problem of poor reading skills and some smart people working toward them. They could use your help. “It’s more than an education issue, more than a reading issue,” says Arianne Weldon, director of the Get Georgia Reading Campaign, a nonprofit organization founded in 2013. “Getting more kids to read takes more than good schools, more than great teachers, more than loving families. It really does take all of us working together.” Only 42 percent of Georgia public school children are now reading proficiently by the end of the third grade, according to 2019 Georgia Department of Education (DOE) figures — not a great number, but an improvement over the 37 percent recorded in 2015 and lower scores prior to that. Weldon says children not in that proficiency group are four times more likely to drop out of high school and, further, that every student who doesn’t finish represents an estimated $260,000 in lost earnings and productivity. “By the end of the third grade,” says Mindy Binderman, executive director of Georgia Early Education Alliance for Ready Students, a nonprofit organization concerned with early learning, “if children are not reading at grade level, they are less likely to be successful in school, less likely to graduate on time, and more likely to engage in risky behavior. The third-grade reading marker is such an important indicator of all that comes later and, frankly, all that came before.” A key national study released by the Annie E. Casey Foundation in 2010 highlighted the reading problem, especially among students from low- income families; the following research has strengthened the relationship between poverty and both reading ability and failure to graduate from high school. Clearly, poverty plays a key role in children’s reading proficiency, influencing the schools they attend and the community resources they can make use of. Parents’ education level, especially mothers’, is a factor as well. “Maternal education and maternal literacy are a huge predictor of child literacy and educational outcomes,” says Dana Rickman, vice president of the Georgia Partnership for Excellence in Education, established to promote and support education. “We’ve got a pretty high adult illiteracy rate in Georgia that a lot of people don’t like talking about.” Improving adult literacy eventually impacts children’s reading ability. 43．According to the passage, early literacy is important mainly because it________. A．indicates how well a child’s brain has been developing B．explains the reasons why a child drops out of high school C．tells whether a child may become successful as an adult D．reports the average educational level of a certain region 44．According to Arianne Weldon, what is the most possible consequence of poor reading skills? A．Entering schools with fewer resources. B．Suffering from serious mental disorders. C．Earning less than they otherwise would. D．Causing more risks in future life. 45．From what Dana Rickman says, we can infer that________. A．parents can predict their children’s early literacy based on their resources B．exposing children to reading tasks at an earlier age is part of family support C．illiteracy rate can be greatly reduced by upgrading children’s communities D．improving mothers’ education is useful for bettering children’s reading ability 46．If this passage has several remaining paragraphs, which of the following is the most probable topic they will cover? A．Why third grade is seen by experts as a critical period. B．How the government may improve parents’ education level. C．Why adult illiteracy rate is higher in Georgia than in other places. D．How poverty may influence a child’s future academic development. Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. You return from work on a muggy August evening. Your unwashed teenage son is on the sofa playing Fortnite, as he has been doing for the past eight hours. Your daughter, scrolling through Instagram, acknowledges your presence with a rude grunt (咕哝). Not for the first time, you ask yourself: why are school summer holidays so insufferably long? 47 Many children will return from the long break having forgotten much of what they were taught the previous year. One study from the American South found that this “summer learning loss” could be as high as a quarter of the year’s education. Poor children tend to be the worst affected, since rich ones typically live in homes full of books and are packed off to summer camp to learn robotics, Latin or the flute. A study from Baltimore found that variations in summer loss might possibly account for two-thirds of the achievement gap between rich and poor children by the age of 14—15. Long holidays definitely strain the budgets of poor families, since free school meals stop and extra child care kicks in. Summer holidays vary greatly from country to country. South Korean children get only three weeks off. Children in Italy and Turkey get a whopping three months. So do those in America, while their parents, unless they are teachers, have an average of only three weeks off a year, among the shortest holidays in the rich world. 48 But for their children, six weeks out of class is plenty. It would be unwise to import South Korea’s pressure-cooker approach, in which a single exam determines every child’s future. 49 Yes, it would cost money, but there are ways to pay for it. One is to have larger classes. Many parents are obsessed with teacher-to-pupil ratios, but there is not enough evidence that they make much difference. The average Japanese lower-secondary class is more than 50% larger than the average British one, but Japanese children get better results. More time in school need not mean repeating the same old lessons. 50 And the summer could also be a time for different kinds of learning: critical thinking, practical skills, financial literacy, work placements with local firms—schools should be free to experiment. Space should not be a problem. Many school buildings sit idle in the summer. A．In other words, many public services are simply unavailable for a quarter of the year. B．Some extra drilling would be beneficial, particularly for those falling behind. C．This is a more serious question than it sounds. D．Some well-off children often already use the summer to broaden their minds and even do their summer jobs E．But plenty of Western children could usefully spend a bit longer on their books. F．Companies should let them take a bit more, since burnt-out workers are less productive. IV. Summary Writing (10分) Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. More Than a Game: How Play Shapes Our Social Brains Play is universal. Every culture in the world plays, and for more than a century, doctors have used play to bring comfort and help people recover from pain. Scientists now know that play also shapes the brain itself, influencing how animals — including humans — learn, think, and connect with others. In the 1960s, neuroscientist Marian Diamond proved this through studies with rats. One group grew up in cages full of toys and other rats to spend time with; another lived alone in simple metal cages with nothing to explore. When she later examined their brains, she found clear differences. The first group developed larger and more complex brains, with richer chemical activity. Diamond showed that it was not only toys or playmates, but the combination of both, that made the difference. Because she worked in a time when few women were accepted in science, she often used the safer word “enrichment” instead of “play.” But in truth, what those rats were doing was exactly that — playing. Later, neuroscientist Jaak Panksepp continued Diamond’s work. While studying emotion and attachment in rats, he noticed how they would bounce, chase, and fight with one another for pure joy. “When you put them together — bang They play,” he said. When kept alone, the rats became depressed, almost as if they were hungry or thirsty. Panksepp realized that play is a basic need, not just a pleasure. He even discovered that rats make tiny sounds — something like laughter — when they are enjoying themselves. When he removed part of their higher brain area, they still played almost normally. This showed that play comes from a deep and ancient part of the brain, one linked to emotion, learning, and survival. Thanks to Diamond and Panksepp, scientists now see play as much more than fun. It helps build the social brain, teaching us to notice others, share, and cooperate. As Panksepp said, “Play allows us to stop, look, listen, and feel the more subtle social pulse around us.” 51.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．你是否意识到每座古城都有其独特的文化?(aware) 53．显而易见，这个地区的人随时能吃到新鲜的乳制品。（available） 54．这座大桥不仅使天堑变通途，还融合了观光和娱乐，堪称功能性与艺术性完美结合的典范。(describe) 55．从90年代开始，学校就举办各种艺术节，书法、国画、折纸等中国传统文化课程更是传承至今。 ( continue ) VI. Guided Writing （25分） 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近收到表弟王磊的邮件(如下所示)，回复他一封邮件，内容须包括： (1) 对明启中学的介绍； (2) 你对于如何做好初高中衔接的建议。 Dear Li Ming, I hope this email finds you well. I’m thinking about following in your footsteps and applying to your high school, so I’d love to ask you some questions. What are the school and the life there like? And, more importantly, how did you handle the jump from junior to senior high? I’ve heard it’s a big change, and I could use some tips on how to make the transition smoother. I’d really appreciate any advice you can give me. Thanks a bunch, and let’s catch up soon! Take care, Wang Lei ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第11页（共12页） 试题 第12页（共12页） 试题 第5页（共12页） 试题 第6页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【灿烂六月·高考金8卷】 备战2026年高考英语模拟卷（上海卷03） （笔试部分：115分） II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. When Reality Feels Unreal In today’s world of perfect pictures and computer-made videos, our sense of what is “real” is quietly changing. Experts now describe a strange reaction called the “Giving NPC” Effect — a kind of mental mistake in 1 truly real people or scenes suddenly seem unreal. The term comes from video games: NPCs, or non-player characters, speak and move by fixed rules. More and more, online pictures full of smooth skin, clean rooms, and perfectly timed actions give a similar feeling of 2 (make) by a machine. Behind this confusion is the rise of what some call the “after-perfect” look. For years, online life 3 (praise) clean and exact styles. But this kind of perfection has become so common and so even that it now feels false. Our brains, 4 (build) to expect the small mess of real life—shaking hands, uneven light, little mistakes — find it hard to believe in images that look too good. When every post seems carefully fixed, realness itself starts to look like something fake. This doubt grows stronger 5 _______AI-made fake videos, which can copy famous people with surprising truth. 6 ________we see such a video, our brains learn to be careful about what they see. Soon, even normal videos make us feel unsure. We start to think, “Something is wrong,” even when nothing is. The more people try to look perfect online, the 7 (real) they appear to others. Still, this feeling is not all bad. It shows that people now want natural and simple things — moments that 8 (see) as alive rather than corrected. The quiet change has already begun: random photo groups, soft-focus videos, and honest speech are now becoming popular. These small signs remind us that life is not perfect; it is full of noise, and that is 9 makes it true. 10 (regain) trust in our eyes, we may need to change our values. Instead of loving perfection, we can learn to enjoy honesty more than order. A small pause, a smile line, or a bit of shaking in a voice can tell us more about being human than the cleanest picture ever could. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．suitable    B．genuine    C． distributed   D．sustainability   E. rising  F. severe G. accused    H. aiming     I. positioning    J. investigation     K. exposed The outdoor brand Arc’teryx co-hosted a fireworks show Dragon Ascent with artist Cai Guoqiang in the Himalayas, 11 to honor alpine culture as part of its “Upward to Beauty” series. However, the 52-second show quickly triggered a(n) 12 controversy (争议) over ecological risks. Long promoting “Leave No Trace” and 13 itself as a defender of nature, the brand claimed to use IOC-certified biodegradable materials. But experts argued that in the plateau’s cold, oxygen-poor environment, microbial (微生物的) activity is weak, making material degradation extremely slow-standards for cities are not 14 for the delicate ecosystem.Worse, on-site checks found residual wires and plastic, with obvious artificial trampling (践踏)on the centuries-old alpine grassland. Critics 15 the event of breaking the brand’s core value of “respecting nature”, calling it a contradiction (矛盾) between marketing and responsibility. With public anger 16 , Arc’teryx deleted promotional posts and apologized, but this failed to calm tensions. A bigger backlash (抵制) came when netizens noticed the difference between its domestic and overseas apologies: the former blamed “execution faults”, while the latter admitted conflicting with brand commitments. Local authorities soon set up a(n) 17 team to look into whether the incident was handled according to the rules. The failure 18 the brand’s flawed risk assessment and lack of respect for ecological red lines. For Arc’teryx, once honored with the “Hermes of outdoor gear (装备)”, repairing damaged trust requires more than words — it needs 19 actions to make up for errors, not just promises. This incident has raised critical questions: How should commercial brands balance publicity with environmental protection? As a high-profile case of broken brand credibility, it serves as a striking warning for enterprises connecting their image with 20 . Ultimately, true respect for nature lies not in grand shows, but in consistent obedience to eco-friendly principles. III. Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Although competition is a fact of life, it makes business difficult, contributing to an ever-downward pressure on prices, ever-rising costs (such as the funding of new product development and marketing), and an urgent need to outsmart competitors. 21 , the benefits of finding a market gap — a small part of a market that is free of competition — are obvious: greater control over prices, lower costs, and improved profits. The identification of a market gap is often all that is needed to 22 a new business. In 2006, Twitter founder Jack Dorsey combined short-form communication with social media, providing a service that no one else had 23 . Free to most users, revenue (收入) comes from companies who 24 promotional tweets and profiles: Twitter earned advertising revenues of $582 million in 2013. Not all gaps are profitable, 25 . The Amphicar, for instance, was a car produced in the 1960s for US consumers who wanted to drive on roads and rivers. It was a totally new idea, but the market was too small to be profitable. This was also true for bottled water for pets-launched in the US in 1994, Thirsty Cat! And Thirsty Dog! failed to 26 pet owners. Snapple, the manufacturer of healthy tea and juice drinks, is a company that has 27 found a sustainable and profitable market gap. A glance at the beverage (饮料) counter of any supermarket reveals that dozens of brands 28 for sales. Many companies have failed in this highly competitive market: for example, Pepsi tried to capture a (n) 29 market for morning cola with its short-lived, high-caffeine drink, AM. Success for Snapple came from positioning the product as a unique brand-Snapple was one of the first companies to manufacture juices and drinks made completely from natural ingredients. Its founders ran a health store in Manhattan, and the company used the slogan: “100% Natural.” Snapple 30 students, commuters (通勤者), and lunch-time office workers with a new healthy “snack” drink. Distribution was through small, inner-city stores where customers could “grab-and-go.” These 31 helped to secure a profitable and sustainable market gap, distinguishing Snapple from its competitors in the 1980s and 1990s. In 1994 sales peaked at $674 million. Unoccupied market territory can present major opportunities for companies but the challenge lies in identifying which gaps are profitable and which are 32 . During the 1990s, many companies became 33 about the potential of the “green” market, across a whole range of goods. But this market has failed to materialize in any profitable way. This marks one of the potential problems in identifying market gaps based on market research: sometimes consumers have strong attitudes or opinions on trends or issues — such as ecology — that they are 34 to consider when purchasing products, especially if they affect cost. Many market gaps, it seems, are 35 , but unrealistic. 21．A．On the whole B．What’s more C．In contrast D．As a matter of fact 22．A．launch B．purchase C．investigate D．defeat 23．A．helped B．enjoyed C．spotted D．permitted 24．A．care about B．rely on C．look after D．pay for 25．A．otherwise B．consequently C．however D．instead 26．A．think about B．appeal to C．point at D．learn from 27．A．successfully B．instantly C．unfortunately D．insecurely 28．A．wait B．compete C．search D．exchange 29．A．non-existent B．non-productive C．non-profit D．non-random 30．A．equipped B．charged C．bothered D．targeted 31．A．analyses B．strategies C．prospects D．perspectives 32．A．directions B．traps C．objections D．events 33．A．guilty B．particular C．concerned D．excited 34．A．pleased B．disappointed C．unwilling D．grateful 35．A．tempting B．tremendous C．revealable D．different Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Silver Spring, Maryland, is home to many people who have moved there from other countries. A retired local resident named Manuel Vera wanted to do something helpful for his neighbors. He first offered to repair bicycles for free, asking only to be paid back for any new part he needed. Soon, he realized that many families had extra bikes sitting unused in their garages. Vera began collecting these bikes and fixing them in his small but well-equipped backyard shed. This came at a time when many new families were arriving in Silver Spring and needed inexpensive ways to travel around the community. Vera started bringing the repaired bikes to parks, community centers, and apartment complexes. With a sign reading “Free Bikes”, he matched people with the perfect ride. At his very first giveaway, six bikes were taken in less than 30 minutes. Word quickly spread. Neighbors now call him the “Bike Dude” and regularly donate bikes, helmets, and locks. Local markets and online community groups also help gather supplies, keeping Vera busy. Vera works closely with community organizations that support new families. These groups give him details like a person’s height and age so he can deliver a bike that fits. Vera, who moved to the United States from Peru when he was 14, understands how hard it can be to start over in a new place. He remembers one man who needed a way to get to his night job, so Vera provided a bike, a helmet, lights, and safety gear. Community organizer Manizha Azizi spoke highly of Vera’s efforts: “Many people want to help, but Manuel takes care of everything.” So far, more than 700 people in Silver Spring have received free bikes, giving them transportation, independence, and happiness. Vera’s kindness has turned unused bikes into valuable tools for building new lives, showing how one person’s generosity can keep an entire community moving forward. 36．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “shed” in paragraph 1? A．A small room inside a house for guests. B．A large shop that sells bicycles and gear. C．A place where people gather to ride bikes. D．A small building used for storage or work. 37．What did Vera do at his very first free bike event? A．He bought six new bikes from a local market. B．He sold six bikes to raise money for safety gear. C．He taught six neighbors how to repair their bikes. D．He gave away six bikes in less than half an hour. 38．Why does Vera ask for riders’ height and age before delivering a bike? A．To make sure each bike fits the rider well. B．To test if riders already know how to ride a bike. C．To keep a record of people who receive free bikes. D．To decide how much money to charge for each bike. 39．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A．A Hobby Just for Kids’ Fun B．Helping Newcomers Start Over C．Free Bikes, a Stronger Community D．Ending All Transportation Problems (B) The information, sentences, or questions that you enter into a Generative AI (Gen AI) tool (“prompts”) are a big influence on the quality of outputs you receive. After you enter a prompt, the AI model analyzes your input and generates a response based on the patterns it has learned through its training. More descriptive prompts can improve the quality of the outputs. It’s very important to keep in mind that AI-generated content can be inaccurate, misleading, entirely made up, or disrespectful, so be sure to carefully review any work containing AI content before you use or publish it. Abuse of Gen AI is a serious form of academic misconduct and can be punished by expulsion (开除) from the University. Be specific Generic prompts like “Write a story” will produce generic results. What kind of story do you want? What genre? Is it for adults or children? Adding this type of context and being specific, clear, and to the point will help generate more useful outputs. More specificity can also limit the chances of inaccurate responses. “Act as if…” Asking the AI to behave as if it were a type of person, process, or object can be an easy way to start generating better prompts. The AI will attempt to imitate that role and tailor its answers accordingly. For example, imagine you wanted to help create a recipe based on the ingredients you have in your kitchen. If you added “act as if you are my personal trainer” first, the AI will consider this context in its response, suggesting a healthy recipe or a meal designed to refuel after a workout. ________ Generative AI can produce many different types of outputs, including code, stories, reports, summaries, dialogue, business communications, and much more. Being specific about the type of output you want will produce better results. After describing what you want, try adding “Present this in the form of…” and your preferred output. Or start your prompt with, “Create a [format of output] about/ that contains…” etc. 40．This passage is found in a university’s guideline webpage. What may NOT be found there? A．Restrictions on the usage of Gen AI. B．Guidelines for writing essays with Gen AI. C．Various samples of well-structured prompts. D．Core principles for responsible Gen AI use. 41．Which of the following subtitles can be filled in blank? A．Consider tone and audience. B．Correct mistakes and give feedback. C．Tell it how you want your output to be presented. D．Ask it to create your prompts or what else it needs from you. 42．Suppose you’re the leader of the school basketball team. You are going to deliver a speech about the importance of sports through sharing your personal experience. Which of the following prompts is the most proper when using Gen AI? A．Write an article about the essence of basketball, citing several stories of famous stars. B．Discuss advantages of doing sports, specifically basketball, with reference to literature. C．Make up a story about one’s experience in basketball, showing the importance of sports. D．Compose a motivational basketball team speech sharing personal journey and advocating exercise. (C) Children who don’t read proficiently (熟练地) by the end of the third grade are far more likely to be left behind in many ways. The first thing to know about early literacy is that it is critically important; the next is that it connects to a whole lot of other conditions and challenges. But the best thing to know is that there are solutions to the problem of poor reading skills and some smart people working toward them. They could use your help. “It’s more than an education issue, more than a reading issue,” says Arianne Weldon, director of the Get Georgia Reading Campaign, a nonprofit organization founded in 2013. “Getting more kids to read takes more than good schools, more than great teachers, more than loving families. It really does take all of us working together.” Only 42 percent of Georgia public school children are now reading proficiently by the end of the third grade, according to 2019 Georgia Department of Education (DOE) figures — not a great number, but an improvement over the 37 percent recorded in 2015 and lower scores prior to that. Weldon says children not in that proficiency group are four times more likely to drop out of high school and, further, that every student who doesn’t finish represents an estimated $260,000 in lost earnings and productivity. “By the end of the third grade,” says Mindy Binderman, executive director of Georgia Early Education Alliance for Ready Students, a nonprofit organization concerned with early learning, “if children are not reading at grade level, they are less likely to be successful in school, less likely to graduate on time, and more likely to engage in risky behavior. The third-grade reading marker is such an important indicator of all that comes later and, frankly, all that came before.” A key national study released by the Annie E. Casey Foundation in 2010 highlighted the reading problem, especially among students from low- income families; the following research has strengthened the relationship between poverty and both reading ability and failure to graduate from high school. Clearly, poverty plays a key role in children’s reading proficiency, influencing the schools they attend and the community resources they can make use of. Parents’ education level, especially mothers’, is a factor as well. “Maternal education and maternal literacy are a huge predictor of child literacy and educational outcomes,” says Dana Rickman, vice president of the Georgia Partnership for Excellence in Education, established to promote and support education. “We’ve got a pretty high adult illiteracy rate in Georgia that a lot of people don’t like talking about.” Improving adult literacy eventually impacts children’s reading ability. 43．According to the passage, early literacy is important mainly because it________. A．indicates how well a child’s brain has been developing B．explains the reasons why a child drops out of high school C．tells whether a child may become successful as an adult D．reports the average educational level of a certain region 44．According to Arianne Weldon, what is the most possible consequence of poor reading skills? A．Entering schools with fewer resources. B．Suffering from serious mental disorders. C．Earning less than they otherwise would. D．Causing more risks in future life. 45．From what Dana Rickman says, we can infer that________. A．parents can predict their children’s early literacy based on their resources B．exposing children to reading tasks at an earlier age is part of family support C．illiteracy rate can be greatly reduced by upgrading children’s communities D．improving mothers’ education is useful for bettering children’s reading ability 46．If this passage has several remaining paragraphs, which of the following is the most probable topic they will cover? A．Why third grade is seen by experts as a critical period. B．How the government may improve parents’ education level. C．Why adult illiteracy rate is higher in Georgia than in other places. D．How poverty may influence a child’s future academic development. Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. You return from work on a muggy August evening. Your unwashed teenage son is on the sofa playing Fortnite, as he has been doing for the past eight hours. Your daughter, scrolling through Instagram, acknowledges your presence with a rude grunt (咕哝). Not for the first time, you ask yourself: why are school summer holidays so insufferably long? 47 Many children will return from the long break having forgotten much of what they were taught the previous year. One study from the American South found that this “summer learning loss” could be as high as a quarter of the year’s education. Poor children tend to be the worst affected, since rich ones typically live in homes full of books and are packed off to summer camp to learn robotics, Latin or the flute. A study from Baltimore found that variations in summer loss might possibly account for two-thirds of the achievement gap between rich and poor children by the age of 14—15. Long holidays definitely strain the budgets of poor families, since free school meals stop and extra child care kicks in. Summer holidays vary greatly from country to country. South Korean children get only three weeks off. Children in Italy and Turkey get a whopping three months. So do those in America, while their parents, unless they are teachers, have an average of only three weeks off a year, among the shortest holidays in the rich world. 48 But for their children, six weeks out of class is plenty. It would be unwise to import South Korea’s pressure-cooker approach, in which a single exam determines every child’s future. 49 Yes, it would cost money, but there are ways to pay for it. One is to have larger classes. Many parents are obsessed with teacher-to-pupil ratios, but there is not enough evidence that they make much difference. The average Japanese lower-secondary class is more than 50% larger than the average British one, but Japanese children get better results. More time in school need not mean repeating the same old lessons. 50 And the summer could also be a time for different kinds of learning: critical thinking, practical skills, financial literacy, work placements with local firms—schools should be free to experiment. Space should not be a problem. Many school buildings sit idle in the summer. A．In other words, many public services are simply unavailable for a quarter of the year. B．Some extra drilling would be beneficial, particularly for those falling behind. C．This is a more serious question than it sounds. D．Some well-off children often already use the summer to broaden their minds and even do their summer jobs E．But plenty of Western children could usefully spend a bit longer on their books. F．Companies should let them take a bit more, since burnt-out workers are less productive. IV. Summary Writing (10分) Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. More Than a Game: How Play Shapes Our Social Brains Play is universal. Every culture in the world plays, and for more than a century, doctors have used play to bring comfort and help people recover from pain. Scientists now know that play also shapes the brain itself, influencing how animals — including humans — learn, think, and connect with others. In the 1960s, neuroscientist Marian Diamond proved this through studies with rats. One group grew up in cages full of toys and other rats to spend time with; another lived alone in simple metal cages with nothing to explore. When she later examined their brains, she found clear differences. The first group developed larger and more complex brains, with richer chemical activity. Diamond showed that it was not only toys or playmates, but the combination of both, that made the difference. Because she worked in a time when few women were accepted in science, she often used the safer word “enrichment” instead of “play.” But in truth, what those rats were doing was exactly that — playing. Later, neuroscientist Jaak Panksepp continued Diamond’s work. While studying emotion and attachment in rats, he noticed how they would bounce, chase, and fight with one another for pure joy. “When you put them together — bang They play,” he said. When kept alone, the rats became depressed, almost as if they were hungry or thirsty. Panksepp realized that play is a basic need, not just a pleasure. He even discovered that rats make tiny sounds — something like laughter — when they are enjoying themselves. When he removed part of their higher brain area, they still played almost normally. This showed that play comes from a deep and ancient part of the brain, one linked to emotion, learning, and survival. Thanks to Diamond and Panksepp, scientists now see play as much more than fun. It helps build the social brain, teaching us to notice others, share, and cooperate. As Panksepp said, “Play allows us to stop, look, listen, and feel the more subtle social pulse around us.” 51.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．你是否意识到每座古城都有其独特的文化?(aware) 53．显而易见，这个地区的人随时能吃到新鲜的乳制品。（available） 54．这座大桥不仅使天堑变通途，还融合了观光和娱乐，堪称功能性与艺术性完美结合的典范。(describe) 55．从90年代开始，学校就举办各种艺术节，书法、国画、折纸等中国传统文化课程更是传承至今。 ( continue ) VI. Guided Writing （25分） 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近收到表弟王磊的邮件(如下所示)，回复他一封邮件，内容须包括： (1) 对明启中学的介绍； (2) 你对于如何做好初高中衔接的建议。 Dear Li Ming, I hope this email finds you well. I’m thinking about following in your footsteps and applying to your high school, so I’d love to ask you some questions. What are the school and the life there like? And, more importantly, how did you handle the jump from junior to senior high? I’ve heard it’s a big change, and I could use some tips on how to make the transition smoother. I’d really appreciate any advice you can give me. Thanks a bunch, and let’s catch up soon! Take care, Wang Lei ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第12页，共13页 试卷第13页，共13页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【灿烂六月·高考金8卷】 备战2026年高考英语模拟卷（上海卷03） （笔试部分：115分） II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. When Reality Feels Unreal In today’s world of perfect pictures and computer-made videos, our sense of what is “real” is quietly changing. Experts now describe a strange reaction called the “Giving NPC” Effect — a kind of mental mistake in 1 truly real people or scenes suddenly seem unreal. The term comes from video games: NPCs, or non-player characters, speak and move by fixed rules. More and more, online pictures full of smooth skin, clean rooms, and perfectly timed actions give a similar feeling of 2 (make) by a machine. Behind this confusion is the rise of what some call the “after-perfect” look. For years, online life 3 (praise) clean and exact styles. But this kind of perfection has become so common and so even that it now feels false. Our brains, 4 (build) to expect the small mess of real life—shaking hands, uneven light, little mistakes — find it hard to believe in images that look too good. When every post seems carefully fixed, realness itself starts to look like something fake. This doubt grows stronger 5 _______AI-made fake videos, which can copy famous people with surprising truth. 6 ________ we see such a video, our brains learn to be careful about what they see. Soon, even normal videos make us feel unsure. We start to think, “Something is wrong,” even when nothing is. The more people try to look perfect online, the 7 (real) they appear to others. Still, this feeling is not all bad. It shows that people now want natural and simple things — moments that 8 (see) as alive rather than corrected. The quiet change has already begun: random photo groups, soft-focus videos, and honest speech are now becoming popular. These small signs remind us that life is not perfect; it is full of noise, and that is 9 makes it true. 10 (regain) trust in our eyes, we may need to change our values. Instead of loving perfection, we can learn to enjoy honesty more than order. A small pause, a smile line, or a bit of shaking in a voice can tell us more about being human than the cleanest picture ever could. 【答案】 1．which 2．being made 3．has praised 4．built 5．because of 6．Each time/Every time 7．less real 8．are seen 9．what 10．To regain 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出，当下完美图片和AI 内容普及催生“给予NPC效应”，让真实显得不真实，背后是“后完美”审美泛滥。这种困惑虽带来怀疑，但也推动人们青睐自然真实，重拾对真实的信任需转变价值取向。 1．考查定语从句。句意：专家们如今描述了一种奇特的现象，称之为“给予 NPC 效应”——这是一种心理上的错误，即原本真实的人或场景突然间会显得不真实了。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构限制性定语从句，修饰先行词mistake，作介词的宾语，指物，关系代词用which。故填which。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：越来越多的网络图片展现出光滑的肌肤、整洁的房间以及完美同步的动作，给人一种仿佛是由机器制作出来的类似感觉。作介词的宾语，且与feeling构成被动关系，故用being done形式。故填being made。 3．考查时态。句意：多年来，网络世界一直推崇简洁和精确的风格。但这种完美主义已经变得太过普遍和一致，以至于现在这种风格让人感觉很虚假。根据上文For years可知为现在完成时，主语为life，助动词用has。故填has praised。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的大脑天生就习惯于应对现实生活中的种种小麻烦——比如颤抖的手、光线的不均匀、一些小失误等等。因此，它们很难接受那些看起来过于完美无瑕的画面。此处build与brains构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填built。 5．考查固定短语。句意：这种怀疑愈发强烈，原因在于由人工智能制作的虚假视频，它们能够以令人信服的逼真度模仿名人形象。表示“由于”，后跟名词短语，用because of。故填because of。 6．考查时间状语从句。句意：每次我们看到这样的视频时，我们的大脑就会学会对所看到的内容保持警惕。引导时间状语从句，表示“每次”用each/every time，首字母大写。故填Each/Every time。 7．考查比较级。句意：人们越是努力在网上传达出完美的形象，他们在别人眼中就越显得不真实。此处为“the+比较级，the+比较级”句型，表示“越显得不真实”用less real。故填less real。 8．考查时态语态。句意：这表明如今的人们更倾向于追求自然质朴的东西——那些被视为真实存在而非经过修饰的瞬间。定语从句修饰先行词moments，在从句作主语，与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文shows可知为一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are seen。 9．考查表语从句。句意：这些小小的标识提醒着我们，生活并非十全十美；它充满了喧嚣，而正是这种喧嚣赋予了生活真实感。引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what。故填what。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：要重新赢得我们内心的信任，我们或许需要改变自己的价值观。我们不必追求完美，而是可以学会更看重诚实而非秩序。此处regain作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填To regain。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．suitable    B．genuine    C． distributed   D．sustainability   E. rising  F. severe G. accused    H.aiming     I. positioning    J.investigation     K. exposed The outdoor brand Arc’teryx co-hosted a fireworks show Dragon Ascent with artist Cai Guoqiang in the Himalayas, 11 to honor alpine culture as part of its “Upward to Beauty” series. However, the 52-second show quickly triggered a(n) 12 controversy (争议) over ecological risks. Long promoting “Leave No Trace” and 13 itself as a defender of nature, the brand claimed to use IOC-certified biodegradable materials. But experts argued that in the plateau’s cold, oxygen-poor environment, microbial (微生物的) activity is weak, making material degradation extremely slow-standards for cities are not 14 for the delicate ecosystem.Worse, on-site checks found residual wires and plastic, with obvious artificial trampling (践踏)on the centuries-old alpine grassland. Critics 15 the event of breaking the brand’s core value of “respecting nature”, calling it a contradiction (矛盾) between marketing and responsibility. With public anger 16 , Arc’teryx deleted promotional posts and apologized, but this failed to calm tensions. A bigger backlash (抵制) came when netizens noticed the difference between its domestic and overseas apologies: the former blamed “execution faults”, while the latter admitted conflicting with brand commitments. Local authorities soon set up a(n) 17 team to look into whether the incident was handled according to the rules. The failure 18 the brand’s flawed risk assessment and lack of respect for ecological red lines. For Arc’teryx, once honored with the “Hermes of outdoor gear (装备)”, repairing damaged trust requires more than words — it needs 19 actions to make up for errors, not just promises. This incident has raised critical questions: How should commercial brands balance publicity with environmental protection? As a high-profile case of broken brand credibility, it serves as a striking warning for enterprises connecting their image with 20 . Ultimately, true respect for nature lies not in grand shows, but in consistent obedience to eco-friendly principles. 【答案】 11．H 12．F 13．I 14．A 15．G 16．E 17．J 18．K 19．B 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍户外品牌始祖鸟在喜马拉雅山举办烟花秀引发生态争议的事件，探讨商业宣传与环境保护的平衡问题。 11．考查非谓语动词。句意：户外品牌始祖鸟与艺术家蔡国强在喜马拉雅山联合举办了“龙升”烟花秀，旨在致敬高山文化，这是其“向美而行”系列活动的一部分。空格处需填现在分词作伴随状语，“aiming to do”表示“旨在做某事”，结合“honor alpine culture(致敬高山文化)”，此处说明烟花秀的目的，aiming符合语境。故选H。 12．考查形容词。句意：然而，这场52秒的烟花秀很快引发了关于生态风险的严重争议。空格处需填形容词修饰controversy，结合后文“生态风险、草原践踏、残留垃圾”等内容，这场争议影响恶劣，severe意为“严重的”，符合语境。故选F。 13．考查非谓语动词。句意：该品牌长期倡导“无痕山林”理念，并将自己定位为自然的守护者，声称使用的是国际奥委会认证的可生物降解材料。空格处需填现在分词，与promoting并列，“positioning itself as”表示“将自己定位为……”，符合品牌对自身的形象塑造，positioning符合语境。故选I。 14．考查形容词。句意：但专家认为，在高原寒冷、缺氧的环境中，微生物活动微弱，导致材料降解极其缓慢——城市适用的标准并不适合脆弱的生态系统。空格处需填形容词，作表语，“be suitable for”是固定搭配，意为“适合……”，结合“高原环境特殊”，城市标准不适用于此，suitable符合语境。故选A。 15．考查动词。句意：批评者指责该活动违背了品牌“尊重自然”的核心价值观，称其是营销与责任的矛盾。空格处需填动词作谓语，“accused sb. of doing”是固定搭配，意为“指责某人做某事”，结合批评者对活动的负面评价，accused符合语境。故选G。 16．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着公众愤怒情绪的高涨，始祖鸟删除了宣传帖子并道歉，但这未能平息紧张局势。空格处需填现在分词，“with public anger rising”表示“随着公众愤怒情绪的高涨”，rising体现情绪逐渐升级的状态，符合语境。故选E。 17．考查名词。句意：当地政府很快成立了调查小组，以核实该事件是否按规定处理。空格处需填名词修饰team，“investigation team”表示“调查小组”，结合“look into whether the incident was handled according to the rules(核实事件是否按规定处理)”，investigation符合语境。故选J。 18．考查动词。句意：这一失败暴露了该品牌有缺陷的风险评估，以及对生态红线缺乏尊重。空格处需填动词作谓语，结合“flawed risk assessment and lack of respect for ecological red lines(有缺陷的风险评估、缺乏对生态红线的尊重)”，这些问题通过此次事件被揭露，exposed意为“暴露，揭露”，符合语境。故选K。 19．考查形容词。句意：对于曾被誉为“户外装备爱马仕”的始祖鸟来说，修复受损的信任需要的不仅仅是语言——它需要真诚的行动来弥补错误，而不仅仅是承诺。空格处需填形容词修饰actions，结合“弥补错误、修复信任”，需要的是真实的行动，genuine意为“真诚的，真实的”，符合语境。故选B。 20．考查名词。句意：作为一起引人注目的品牌信誉受损案例，它给那些将自身形象与可持续发展挂钩的企业敲响了警钟。空格处需填名词，作with的宾语，结合前文“环境保护”的核心话题，企业形象与可持续发展相关，sustainability意为“可持续性，可持续发展”，符合语境。故选D。 III. Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Although competition is a fact of life, it makes business difficult, contributing to an ever-downward pressure on prices, ever-rising costs (such as the funding of new product development and marketing), and an urgent need to outsmart competitors. 21 , the benefits of finding a market gap — a small part of a market that is free of competition — are obvious: greater control over prices, lower costs, and improved profits. The identification of a market gap is often all that is needed to 22 a new business. In 2006, Twitter founder Jack Dorsey combined short-form communication with social media, providing a service that no one else had 23 . Free to most users, revenue (收入) comes from companies who 24 promotional tweets and profiles: Twitter earned advertising revenues of $582 million in 2013. Not all gaps are profitable, 25 . The Amphicar, for instance, was a car produced in the 1960s for US consumers who wanted to drive on roads and rivers. It was a totally new idea, but the market was too small to be profitable. This was also true for bottled water for pets-launched in the US in 1994, Thirsty Cat! And Thirsty Dog! failed to 26 pet owners. Snapple, the manufacturer of healthy tea and juice drinks, is a company that has 27 found a sustainable and profitable market gap. A glance at the beverage (饮料) counter of any supermarket reveals that dozens of brands 28 for sales. Many companies have failed in this highly competitive market: for example, Pepsi tried to capture a (n) 29 market for morning cola with its short-lived, high-caffeine drink, AM. Success for Snapple came from positioning the product as a unique brand-Snapple was one of the first companies to manufacture juices and drinks made completely from natural ingredients. Its founders ran a health store in Manhattan, and the company used the slogan: “100% Natural.” Snapple 30 students, commuters (通勤者), and lunch-time office workers with a new healthy “snack” drink. Distribution was through small, inner-city stores where customers could “grab-and-go.” These 31 helped to secure a profitable and sustainable market gap, distinguishing Snapple from its competitors in the 1980s and 1990s. In 1994 sales peaked at $674 million. Unoccupied market territory can present major opportunities for companies but the challenge lies in identifying which gaps are profitable and which are 32 . During the 1990s, many companies became 33 about the potential of the “green” market, across a whole range of goods. But this market has failed to materialize in any profitable way. This marks one of the potential problems in identifying market gaps based on market research: sometimes consumers have strong attitudes or opinions on trends or issues — such as ecology — that they are 34 to consider when purchasing products, especially if they affect cost. Many market gaps, it seems, are 35 , but unrealistic. 21．A．On the whole B．What’s more C．In contrast D．As a matter of fact 22．A．launch B．purchase C．investigate D．defeat 23．A．helped B．enjoyed C．spotted D．permitted 24．A．care about B．rely on C．look after D．pay for 25．A．otherwise B．consequently C．however D．instead 26．A．think about B．appeal to C．point at D．learn from 27．A．successfully B．instantly C．unfortunately D．insecurely 28．A．wait B．compete C．search D．exchange 29．A．non-existent B．non-productive C．non-profit D．non-random 30．A．equipped B．charged C．bothered D．targeted 31．A．analyses B．strategies C．prospects D．perspectives 32．A．directions B．traps C．objections D．events 33．A．guilty B．particular C．concerned D．excited 34．A．pleased B．disappointed C．unwilling D．grateful 35．A．tempting B．tremendous C．revealable D．different 【答案】 21．C 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．D 31．B 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨市场空白的利弊，通过多个案例说明企业如何成功识别并利用市场空白实现盈利。 21．考查短语词义辨析。句意：相比之下，找到市场空白 —— 一个没有竞争的小众市场 —— 的好处是显而易见的：更好地控制价格、降低成本并提高利润。A. On the whole总体而言；B. What’s more此外；C. In contrast相比之下；D. As a matter of fact事实上。前文提及竞争带来的难题，后文讲市场空白的好处，存在对比关系，故选C。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：识别市场空白往往是创办新企业所需的全部条件。A. launch创办；B. purchase购买；C. investigate调查；D. defeat击败。根据后文“a new business. In 2006, Twitter founder Jack Dorsey combined short-form communication with social media, providing a service”可知，此处指利用市场空白创办新企业，故选A。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2006年，推特创始人杰克・多尔西将短形式交流与社交媒体结合，提供了一项无人发现的服务。A. helped帮助；B. enjoyed 享受；C. spotted发现；D. permitted允许。结合“a market gap”核心话题可知，此处指这项服务是此前未被他人发现的机会，故选C。 24．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：大多数用户可免费使用，收入来自那些为推广推文和个人资料付费的公司：推特 2013 年的广告收入达 5.82 亿美元。A. care about关心；B. rely on依赖；C. look after照顾；D. pay for为……付费。根据上文“revenue comes from companies”可知，企业通过付费获得推广服务，故选D。 25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，并非所有的市场空白都能盈利。A. otherwise否则；B. consequently因此；C. however然而；D. instead相反。前文讲市场空白的好处，后文举Amphicar失败案例，存在转折关系，故选C。 26．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：1994 年在美国推出的宠物瓶装水“口渴的猫！”和“口渴的狗！”也未能吸引宠物主人。A. think about 思考；B. appeal to 吸引；C. point at 指向；D. learn from 向……学习。根据上文“failed”可知，产品未得到宠物主人的青睐，故选B。 27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：健康茶和果汁饮料制造商斯奈普（Snapple）是一家成功找到可持续且盈利的市场空白的公司。A. successfully成功地；B. instantly立即；C. unfortunately不幸地；D. insecurely不安全地。根据下文“Success for Snapple came from”可知，其成功利用了市场空白，故选A。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随便看一眼任何超市的饮料柜台，就会发现几十个品牌在争夺销量。A. wait等待；B. compete竞争；C. search寻找；D. exchange交换。根据下文“highly competitive market”可知饮料市场竞争激烈，品牌争夺销量，故选B。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，百事公司曾试图用其昙花一现的高咖啡因饮料“AM”抢占一个不存在的晨间可乐市场。A. non-existent不存在的；B. non-productive非生产性的；C. non-profit非营利的；D. non-random非随机的。根据下文“short-lived”可知，该市场需求并未真实存在，故选A。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：斯奈普将学生、通勤者和午餐时间的上班族作为目标客户，向他们提供一种新的健康“零食”饮料。A. equipped配备；B. charged收费；C. bothered打扰；D. targeted以……为目标。根据下文“students, commuters, and lunch-time office workers”可知，公司明确了产品的目标人群，故选D。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些策略帮助其获得了盈利且可持续的市场空白，使斯奈普在20世纪80年代和90年代区别于竞争对手。A. analyses分析；B. strategies策略；C. prospects前景；D. perspectives观点。根据上文“Its founders ran a health store in Manhattan, and the company used the slogan: “100% Natural.” Snapple 10 students, commuters ( 通勤者 ), and lunch-time office workers with a new healthy “snack” drink. Distribution was through small, inner-city stores where customers could “grab-and-go.” ”可知，这些均属于市场策略，故选B。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：未被占据的市场领域能为企业带来重大机遇，但挑战在于识别哪些空白是盈利的，哪些是陷阱。A. directions方向；B. traps陷阱；C. objections反对；D. events事件。根据上文“identifying which gaps are profitable and which are”可知，此处与profitable相对，指陷阱。故选B。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：20世纪90年代，许多公司对各类商品的“绿色”市场潜力感到兴奋。A. guilty内疚的；B. particular特别的；C. concerned关心的；D. excited兴奋的。结合下文“potential of the ‘green’ market”，可知企业对新兴市场潜力充满期待，感到兴奋。故选D。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这标志着基于市场研究识别市场空白的潜在问题之一：有时消费者对趋势或问题（如生态）有强烈的态度或观点，但在购买产品时却不愿考虑，尤其是当这些因素影响成本时。A. pleased高兴的；B. disappointed失望的；C. unwilling不愿意的；D. grateful感激的。根据下文“to consider when purchasing products, especially if they affect cost. ”可知，消费者虽关注生态，但不愿因环保因素增加购买成本，故选C。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：似乎许多市场空白都很诱人，但并不现实。A. tempting诱人的；B. tremendous巨大的；C. revealable可显示的；D. different不同的。根据下文“but unrealistic.”可知，市场空白看似有吸引力，但并不现实，故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Silver Spring, Maryland, is home to many people who have moved there from other countries. A retired local resident named Manuel Vera wanted to do something helpful for his neighbors. He first offered to repair bicycles for free, asking only to be paid back for any new part he needed. Soon, he realized that many families had extra bikes sitting unused in their garages. Vera began collecting these bikes and fixing them in his small but well-equipped backyard shed. This came at a time when many new families were arriving in Silver Spring and needed inexpensive ways to travel around the community. Vera started bringing the repaired bikes to parks, community centers, and apartment complexes. With a sign reading “Free Bikes”, he matched people with the perfect ride. At his very first giveaway, six bikes were taken in less than 30 minutes. Word quickly spread. Neighbors now call him the “Bike Dude” and regularly donate bikes, helmets, and locks. Local markets and online community groups also help gather supplies, keeping Vera busy. Vera works closely with community organizations that support new families. These groups give him details like a person’s height and age so he can deliver a bike that fits. Vera, who moved to the United States from Peru when he was 14, understands how hard it can be to start over in a new place. He remembers one man who needed a way to get to his night job, so Vera provided a bike, a helmet, lights, and safety gear. Community organizer Manizha Azizi spoke highly of Vera’s efforts: “Many people want to help, but Manuel takes care of everything.” So far, more than 700 people in Silver Spring have received free bikes, giving them transportation, independence, and happiness. Vera’s kindness has turned unused bikes into valuable tools for building new lives, showing how one person’s generosity can keep an entire community moving forward. 36．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “shed” in paragraph 1? A．A small room inside a house for guests. B．A large shop that sells bicycles and gear. C．A place where people gather to ride bikes. D．A small building used for storage or work. 37．What did Vera do at his very first free bike event? A．He bought six new bikes from a local market. B．He sold six bikes to raise money for safety gear. C．He taught six neighbors how to repair their bikes. D．He gave away six bikes in less than half an hour. 38．Why does Vera ask for riders’ height and age before delivering a bike? A．To make sure each bike fits the rider well. B．To test if riders already know how to ride a bike. C．To keep a record of people who receive free bikes. D．To decide how much money to charge for each bike. 39．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A．A Hobby Just for Kids’ Fun B．Helping Newcomers Start Over C．Free Bikes, a Stronger Community D．Ending All Transportation Problems 【答案】36．D 37．D 38．A 39．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Manuel Vera在Silver Spring通过免费修理和赠送自行车帮助新移民融入社区，促进社区团结的故事。 36．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Vera began collecting these bikes and fixing them in his small but well-equipped backyard shed.(Vera开始收集这些自行车，并在他那个小而设备齐全的后院shed里修理它们。)”可知，Vera在shed修理自行车，所以shed指的是用于存放或工作的小建筑。故选D。 37．细节理解题。根据第二段中“At his very first giveaway, six bikes were taken in less than 30 minutes.(在他的第一次赠送活动中，不到30分钟就有六辆自行车被拿走了。)”可知，在第一次免费自行车活动中，Vera在不到半小时内赠送了六辆自行车。故选D。 38．细节理解题。根据第四段中“These groups give him details like a person’s height and age so he can deliver a bike that fits.(这些组织会给他提供一个人的身高和年龄等细节，这样他就可以送一辆合适的自行车。)”可知，Vera询问骑行者的身高和年龄是为了确保每辆自行车都适合骑行者。故选A。 39．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“So far, more than 700 people in Silver Spring have received free bikes, giving them transportation, independence, and happiness. Vera’s kindness has turned unused bikes into valuable tools for building new lives, showing how one person’s generosity can keep an entire community moving forward.(到目前为止，Silver Spring已经有700多人收到了免费自行车，这给了他们交通、独立和快乐。Vera的善举将闲置的自行车变成了建设新生活的宝贵工具，展示了一个人的慷慨如何能让整个社区不断前进。)”可知，文章主要讲述了Manuel Vera通过免费修理和赠送自行车，不仅帮助了新移民融入社区，还促进了社区的团结和进步。选项C“Free Bikes, a Stronger Community(免费自行车，一个更强大的社区)”最能概括文章主旨。故选C。 (B) The information, sentences, or questions that you enter into a Generative AI (Gen AI) tool (“prompts”) are a big influence on the quality of outputs you receive. After you enter a prompt, the AI model analyzes your input and generates a response based on the patterns it has learned through its training. More descriptive prompts can improve the quality of the outputs. It’s very important to keep in mind that AI-generated content can be inaccurate, misleading, entirely made up, or disrespectful, so be sure to carefully review any work containing AI content before you use or publish it. Abuse of Gen AI is a serious form of academic misconduct and can be punished by expulsion (开除) from the University. Be specific Generic prompts like “Write a story” will produce generic results. What kind of story do you want? What genre? Is it for adults or children? Adding this type of context and being specific, clear, and to the point will help generate more useful outputs. More specificity can also limit the chances of inaccurate responses. “Act as if…” Asking the AI to behave as if it were a type of person, process, or object can be an easy way to start generating better prompts. The AI will attempt to imitate that role and tailor its answers accordingly. For example, imagine you wanted to help create a recipe based on the ingredients you have in your kitchen. If you added “act as if you are my personal trainer” first, the AI will consider this context in its response, suggesting a healthy recipe or a meal designed to refuel after a workout. ________ Generative AI can produce many different types of outputs, including code, stories, reports, summaries, dialogue, business communications, and much more. Being specific about the type of output you want will produce better results. After describing what you want, try adding “Present this in the form of…” and your preferred output. Or start your prompt with, “Create a [format of output] about/ that contains…” etc. 40．This passage is found in a university’s guideline webpage. What may NOT be found there? A．Restrictions on the usage of Gen AI. B．Guidelines for writing essays with Gen AI. C．Various samples of well-structured prompts. D．Core principles for responsible Gen AI use. 41．Which of the following subtitles can be filled in blank? A．Consider tone and audience. B．Correct mistakes and give feedback. C．Tell it how you want your output to be presented. D．Ask it to create your prompts or what else it needs from you. 42．Suppose you’re the leader of the school basketball team. You are going to deliver a speech about the importance of sports through sharing your personal experience. Which of the following prompts is the most proper when using Gen AI? A．Write an article about the essence of basketball, citing several stories of famous stars. B．Discuss advantages of doing sports, specifically basketball, with reference to literature. C．Make up a story about one’s experience in basketball, showing the importance of sports. D．Compose a motivational basketball team speech sharing personal journey and advocating exercise. 【答案】40．B 41．C 42．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文，介绍了大学校园网页上的“生成式人工智能(Gen AI)”。 40．推理判断题。根据第一段“The information, sentences, or questions that you enter into a Generative AI (Gen AI) tool (“prompts”) are a big influence on the quality of outputs you receive. (你输入到生成式人工智能（Gen AI）工具中的信息、句子或问题（“提示”）会对你收到的输出质量产生很大影响。)”以及第二段“It’s very important to keep in mind that AI-generated content can be inaccurate, misleading, entirely fabricated, or offensive, so be sure to carefully review any work containing AI content before you use or publish it. Abuse of Gen AI is a serious form of academic misconduct and can be punished by expulsion (开除) from the University (必须牢记的是，人工智能生成的内容可能不准确、具有误导性、完全是编造的，或者具有攻击性，因此在使用或发布任何包含人工智能内容的作品之前，一定要仔细审查。滥用生成式人工智能是一种严重的学术不端行为，可能会被大学开除。)”可知，大学指南网页上可能会包含负责任使用生成式人工智能的核心原则、对生成式人工智能使用的限制等内容，且根据第三段“Be specific (要具体)”以及下文具体介绍如何输入提示，可推测指南网页上可能会给出结构良好的提示示例，但不会包含使用生成式人工智能撰写论文的指南，因为这可能涉及学术不端行为，且指南更侧重于如何正确使用工具，而非具体内容的创作。故选B项。 41．主旨大意题。根据本段“Being specific about the type of output you want will produce better results. (明确你想要输出的类型，将会产生更好的结果。)”可知，这一段强调要让AI知道你想如何输出结果。故选C项。 42．推理判断题。根据“Be specific.”部分中的“Generic prompts like “Write a story” will produce generic results. What kind of story do you want? What genre? Is it for adults or children? Adding this type of context and being specific, clear, and to the point will help generate more useful outputs. (像“写一个故事”这样泛泛的提示会产生泛泛的结果。你想要什么样的故事？什么体裁？是面向成人还是孩子？添加这类背景，做到具体、清晰、切题，将有助于生成更有用的输出。)”，题干要求“队长用个人经历做演讲，强调体育重要性”，必须具体说明体裁、场合和内容。D项“Compose a motivational basketball team speech sharing personal journey and advocating exercise. (创作一篇激励性的篮球队演讲，分享个人经历并倡导运动。)”完整给出体裁 (speech)、场合 (basketball team)、内容 (personal journey + advocating exercise)，完全符合“具体、角色、格式”原则，因此最为合适。故选D项。 (C) Children who don’t read proficiently (熟练地) by the end of the third grade are far more likely to be left behind in many ways. The first thing to know about early literacy is that it is critically important; the next is that it connects to a whole lot of other conditions and challenges. But the best thing to know is that there are solutions to the problem of poor reading skills and some smart people working toward them. They could use your help. “It’s more than an education issue, more than a reading issue,” says Arianne Weldon, director of the Get Georgia Reading Campaign, a nonprofit organization founded in 2013. “Getting more kids to read takes more than good schools, more than great teachers, more than loving families. It really does take all of us working together.” Only 42 percent of Georgia public school children are now reading proficiently by the end of the third grade, according to 2019 Georgia Department of Education (DOE) figures — not a great number, but an improvement over the 37 percent recorded in 2015 and lower scores prior to that. Weldon says children not in that proficiency group are four times more likely to drop out of high school and, further, that every student who doesn’t finish represents an estimated $260,000 in lost earnings and productivity. “By the end of the third grade,” says Mindy Binderman, executive director of Georgia Early Education Alliance for Ready Students, a nonprofit organization concerned with early learning, “if children are not reading at grade level, they are less likely to be successful in school, less likely to graduate on time, and more likely to engage in risky behavior. The third-grade reading marker is such an important indicator of all that comes later and, frankly, all that came before.” A key national study released by the Annie E. Casey Foundation in 2010 highlighted the reading problem, especially among students from low- income families; the following research has strengthened the relationship between poverty and both reading ability and failure to graduate from high school. Clearly, poverty plays a key role in children’s reading proficiency, influencing the schools they attend and the community resources they can make use of. Parents’ education level, especially mothers’, is a factor as well. “Maternal education and maternal literacy are a huge predictor of child literacy and educational outcomes,” says Dana Rickman, vice president of the Georgia Partnership for Excellence in Education, established to promote and support education. “We’ve got a pretty high adult illiteracy rate in Georgia that a lot of people don’t like talking about.” Improving adult literacy eventually impacts children’s reading ability. 43．According to the passage, early literacy is important mainly because it________. A．indicates how well a child’s brain has been developing B．explains the reasons why a child drops out of high school C．tells whether a child may become successful as an adult D．reports the average educational level of a certain region 44．According to Arianne Weldon, what is the most possible consequence of poor reading skills? A．Entering schools with fewer resources. B．Suffering from serious mental disorders. C．Earning less than they otherwise would. D．Causing more risks in future life. 45．From what Dana Rickman says, we can infer that________. A．parents can predict their children’s early literacy based on their resources B．exposing children to reading tasks at an earlier age is part of family support C．illiteracy rate can be greatly reduced by upgrading children’s communities D．improving mothers’ education is useful for bettering children’s reading ability 46．If this passage has several remaining paragraphs, which of the following is the most probable topic they will cover? A．Why third grade is seen by experts as a critical period. B．How the government may improve parents’ education level. C．Why adult illiteracy rate is higher in Georgia than in other places. D．How poverty may influence a child’s future academic development. 【答案】43．C 44．C 45．D 46．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了早期读写能力的重要性，包括其与后续学业、人生发展的关联，影响因素(贫困、父母教育水平等)，以及改善读写能力的必要性等。 43．细节理解题。根据第五段“Weldon says children not in that proficiency group are four times more likely to drop out of high school and, further, that every student who doesn’t finish represents an estimated $260,000 in lost earnings and productivity. (韦尔登说，没有达到这一熟练程度的孩子在高中辍学的可能性是其他人的四倍，而且每个没有完成学业的学生估计会损失26万美元的收入和生产力)”可知，早期读写能力重要主要是因为它能说明孩子成年后是否可能成功。故选C。 44．细节理解题。根据第五段“Weldon says children not in that proficiency group are four times more likely to drop out of high school and, further, that every student who doesn’t finish represents an estimated $260,000 in lost earnings and productivity. (韦尔登说，没有达到这一熟练程度的孩子在高中辍学的可能性是其他人的四倍，而且每个没有完成学业的学生估计会损失26万美元的收入和生产力)”可知，韦尔登认为，阅读能力差最可能的后果是未来生活中收入比原本应得的少。故选C。 45．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Parents’ education level, especially mothers’, is a factor as well. “Maternal education and maternal literacy are a huge predictor of child literacy and educational outcomes,” says Dana Rickman (父母的受教育水平，尤其是母亲的受教育水平，也是一个因素。达娜·里克曼说：“母亲的教育和读写能力是孩子读写能力和教育成果的重要预测因素。”)”以及“Improving adult literacy eventually impacts children’s reading ability. (提高成人的读写能力最终会影响孩子的阅读能力)”可知，我们可以推断出提高母亲的教育水平有助于提高孩子的阅读能力。故选D。 46．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Parents’ education level, especially mothers’, is a factor as well. “Maternal education and maternal literacy are a huge predictor of child literacy and educational outcomes,” says Dana Rickman (父母的受教育水平，尤其是母亲的受教育水平，也是一个因素。达娜·里克曼说：“母亲的教育和读写能力是孩子读写能力和教育成果的重要预测因素。”)”以及“Improving adult literacy eventually impacts children’s reading ability. (提高成人的读写能力最终会影响孩子的阅读能力)”可知，文章最后聚焦于父母教育水平，尤其是母亲，与成人读写能力对孩子的影响，因此接下来最可能探讨如何提高父母的教育水平。故选B。 Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. You return from work on a muggy August evening. Your unwashed teenage son is on the sofa playing Fortnite, as he has been doing for the past eight hours. Your daughter, scrolling through Instagram, acknowledges your presence with a rude grunt (咕哝). Not for the first time, you ask yourself: why are school summer holidays so insufferably long? 47 Many children will return from the long break having forgotten much of what they were taught the previous year. One study from the American South found that this “summer learning loss” could be as high as a quarter of the year’s education. Poor children tend to be the worst affected, since rich ones typically live in homes full of books and are packed off to summer camp to learn robotics, Latin or the flute. A study from Baltimore found that variations in summer loss might possibly account for two-thirds of the achievement gap between rich and poor children by the age of 14—15. Long holidays definitely strain the budgets of poor families, since free school meals stop and extra child care kicks in. Summer holidays vary greatly from country to country. South Korean children get only three weeks off. Children in Italy and Turkey get a whopping three months. So do those in America, while their parents, unless they are teachers, have an average of only three weeks off a year, among the shortest holidays in the rich world. 48 But for their children, six weeks out of class is plenty. It would be unwise to import South Korea’s pressure-cooker approach, in which a single exam determines every child’s future. 49 Yes, it would cost money, but there are ways to pay for it. One is to have larger classes. Many parents are obsessed with teacher-to-pupil ratios, but there is not enough evidence that they make much difference. The average Japanese lower-secondary class is more than 50% larger than the average British one, but Japanese children get better results. More time in school need not mean repeating the same old lessons. 50 And the summer could also be a time for different kinds of learning: critical thinking, practical skills, financial literacy, work placements with local firms—schools should be free to experiment. Space should not be a problem. Many school buildings sit idle in the summer. A．In other words, many public services are simply unavailable for a quarter of the year. B．Some extra drilling would be beneficial, particularly for those falling behind. C．This is a more serious question than it sounds. D．Some well-off children often already use the summer to broaden their minds and even do their summer jobs E．But plenty of Western children could usefully spend a bit longer on their books. F．Companies should let them take a bit more, since burnt-out workers are less productive. 【答案】47．C 48．F 49．E 50．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出学校暑假过长存在学习遗忘、加剧贫富成绩差距等问题，建议西方孩子适当延长在校学习时间，可通过多样化学习而非重复旧课提升效果。 47．根据前文“Not for the first time, you ask yourself: why are school summer holidays so insufferably long?( 你不是第一次问自己：为什么学校的暑假长得让人难以忍受？)”作者以家庭场景提出疑问“为何学校暑假如此漫长难熬”，后文“Many children will return from the long break having forgotten much of what they were taught the previous year. One study from the American South found that this “summer learning loss” could be as high as a quarter of the year’s education. Poor children tend to be the worst affected, since rich ones typically live in homes full of books and are packed off to summer camp to learn robotics, Latin or the flute.( 许多孩子放完长假回来时，已经忘记了前一年所学的很多东西。美国南部的一项研究发现，这种“夏季学习损失”可能高达全年教育的四分之一。贫穷的孩子受影响最严重，因为富裕的孩子通常住在满是书的家里，被送去夏令营学习机器人、拉丁语或长笛。)”立刻展开暑假的负面影响 —— 学生知识遗忘、贫富孩子成绩差距扩大、贫困家庭经济压力增加。C选项“This is a more serious question than it sounds.( 这是一个比听起来更严重的问题。)”承上启下，指出这个疑问“比听起来更严重”，自然引出后文的具体危害，衔接紧密。故选C项。 48．根据前文“So do those in America, while their parents, unless they are teachers, have an average of only three weeks off a year, among the shortest holidays in the rich world.( 美国人也是如此，而他们的父母，除非是教师，每年平均只有三周的假期，是发达国家中假期最短的之一。)”对比不同国家暑假时长，提到美国孩子有三个月假期，而父母（非教师）平均仅三周假期，是富裕国家中假期最短的国家之一。F选项“Companies should let them take a bit more, since burnt-out workers are less productive.( 公司应该让他们多休几天，因为精疲力竭的员工效率更低。)”针对“父母假期短”的问题给出建议，建议公司让父母多休几天，既呼应前文父母与孩子假期时长的矛盾，又符合逻辑递进，同时后文“但对孩子来说，六周不上课就足够了” 转折衔接，形成“父母需多休假，孩子无需过长假期”的对比。故选F项。 49．根据前文“It would be unwise to import South Korea’s pressure-cooker approach, in which a single exam determines every child’s future.( 引进韩国那种一场考试就能决定每个孩子未来的高压教育方式是不明智的。)”否定了韩国“单一考试决定命运”的高压模式，E选项“But plenty of Western children could usefully spend a bit longer on their books.( 但是很多西方孩子可以多花一点时间在书本上。)”以“but”转折，提出核心观点 —— 许多西方孩子其实可以多花点时间学习，既避免了高压极端，又回应了前文“暑假过长导致学习损失”的问题，为后文“延长在校时间”的建议铺垫。故选E项。 50．根据前文“More time in school need not mean repeating the same old lessons.( 在学校花更多的时间并不意味着重复同样的旧课程。)”指出“延长在校时间不意味着重复旧课”，B选项“Some extra drilling would be beneficial, particularly for those falling behind.( 额外的训练是有益的，特别是对那些落后的人。)”承接此观点，说明“额外的巩固练习是有益的，尤其是对成绩落后的学生”，既体现了“非重复旧课”的灵活学习方式，又贴合前文“解决学习损失”的核心，后文进一步拓展暑假可开展的其他学习类型，逻辑连贯。故选B项。 IV. Summary Writing (10分) Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. More Than a Game: How Play Shapes Our Social Brains Play is universal. Every culture in the world plays, and for more than a century, doctors have used play to bring comfort and help people recover from pain. Scientists now know that play also shapes the brain itself, influencing how animals — including humans — learn, think, and connect with others. In the 1960s, neuroscientist Marian Diamond proved this through studies with rats. One group grew up in cages full of toys and other rats to spend time with; another lived alone in simple metal cages with nothing to explore. When she later examined their brains, she found clear differences. The first group developed larger and more complex brains, with richer chemical activity. Diamond showed that it was not only toys or playmates, but the combination of both, that made the difference. Because she worked in a time when few women were accepted in science, she often used the safer word “enrichment” instead of “play.” But in truth, what those rats were doing was exactly that — playing. Later, neuroscientist Jaak Panksepp continued Diamond’s work. While studying emotion and attachment in rats, he noticed how they would bounce, chase, and fight with one another for pure joy. “When you put them together — bang They play,” he said. When kept alone, the rats became depressed, almost as if they were hungry or thirsty. Panksepp realized that play is a basic need, not just a pleasure. He even discovered that rats make tiny sounds — something like laughter — when they are enjoying themselves. When he removed part of their higher brain area, they still played almost normally. This showed that play comes from a deep and ancient part of the brain, one linked to emotion, learning, and survival. Thanks to Diamond and Panksepp, scientists now see play as much more than fun. It helps build the social brain, teaching us to notice others, share, and cooperate. As Panksepp said, “Play allows us to stop, look, listen, and feel the more subtle social pulse around us.” 51.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Scientific research reveals that play is crucial for brain development and social bonding. Marian Diamond demonstrated that enriched environments with toys and companions produced larger, more complex brains in rats. Jaak Panksepp further identified play as a fundamental need originating in deep brain regions for emotion and learning, which builds social intelligence by fostering cooperation. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过两位神经科学家的实验研究，阐述了玩耍对大脑发育和社会化连接的重要作用，证明了玩耍不仅是娱乐，更是构建社会大脑、促进学习合作的重要途径。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Scientists now know that play also shapes the brain itself, influencing how animals — including humans — learn, think, and connect with others. ②The first group developed larger and more complex brains, with richer chemical activity. ③Panksepp realized that play is a basic need, not just a pleasure. ④It helps build the social brain, teaching us to notice others, share, and cooperate. 2.缜密构思 将四个关键要点进行逻辑整合：先总述玩耍对大脑和社会连接的作用，再分别说明两位科学家的核心发现，最后总结玩耍的社会功能。 3.遣词造句 Scientific research confirms that play actively shapes brain development and social capabilities. Through controlled experiments, Marian Diamond demonstrated that rats in stimulating environments developed significantly more complex neural structures. Jaak Panksepp established that play satisfies a fundamental biological need originating from primitive brain regions. Ultimately, these findings reveal that play serves as a crucial mechanism for developing social intelligence through teaching cooperation and interpersonal awareness. 【点睛】[高分句型1]：Marian Diamond demonstrated that enriched environments with toys and companions produced larger, more complex brains in rats. 运用that引导的宾语从句和with复合结构，准确概括了Diamond实验的核心发现。 [高分句型2]：Jaak Panksepp further identified play as a fundamental need originating in deep brain regions for emotion and learning, which builds social intelligence by fostering cooperation. 运用which引导的非限制性定语从句，清晰地表达了Panksepp的理论体系。 V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．你是否意识到每座古城都有其独特的文化?(aware) 【答案】Are you aware that every ancient city has its unique culture? 【详解】考查一般疑问句、宾语从句和固定搭配。表示 “你是否意识到……”用Are you aware that…，that引导宾语从句；从句主语 “每座古城”用every ancient city；“独特的”用 unique，“文化” 用 culture，因此“有其独特的文化”用have its unique culture，从句主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词have用单数形式。故翻译为Are you aware that every ancient city has its unique culture? 53．显而易见，这个地区的人随时能吃到新鲜的乳制品。（available） 【答案】It is obvious that the fresh dairy products are available to people in the region. 【详解】考查主语从句和形容词短语。根据句意，该句表达一个显而易见的事实，使用一般现在时；“显而易见”译为It is obvious that，其中It为形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句；从句主语“新鲜的乳制品”为the fresh dairy products；表示“这个地区的人随时能吃到”可理解为“随时可为这个地区的人所使用”译为be available to，available为形容词作表语，意为“可获得的，可使用的”；“这个地区的人”译为people in the region作宾语，介词to引出受益对象。故翻译为It is obvious that the fresh dairy products are available to people in the region. 54．这座大桥不仅使天堑变通途，还融合了观光和娱乐，堪称功能性与艺术性完美结合的典范。(describe) 【答案】 This bridge not only turns a natural barrier into a thoroughfare, but also integrates sightseeing and entertainment, which can be described as an outstanding model that combines functionality and artistry. 【详解】考查动词、时态、固定句型和定语从句。句子陈述一般性事实，用一般现在时；“这座大桥”译为this bridge，在句中作主语，句首单词首字母需大写；“不仅……还……”用固定搭配not only…but also…，在句中连接两个并列谓语；“使……变……”用固定搭配turn…into…，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词turn应变为turns；“天堑”译为a natural barrier，作宾语；“通途”译为a thoroughfare，作宾语；“融合了”译为integrate，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词integrate应变为integrates；“观光和娱乐”译为sightseeing and entertainment，作宾语；“堪称”根据提示词describe“描述”可译为定语从句which can be described as，which指代前面的主句，在从句中作主语；“……的典范”译为an outstanding model，作宾语；“功能性与艺术性完美结合”可译为定语从句that combines functionality and artistry，that指代an outstanding model在从句中作主语，故谓语combine用第三人称单数形式combines。故翻译为This bridge not only turns a natural barrier into a thoroughfare, but also integrates sightseeing and entertainment, which can be described as an outstanding model that combines functionality and artistry. 55．从90年代开始，学校就举办各种艺术节，书法、国画、折纸等中国传统文化课程更是传承至今。 ( continue ) 【答案】Since the 1990s, the school has hosted a variety of art festivals, and traditional Chinese culture classes, including calligraphy, Chinese painting, and paper folding, have continued to this day. 【详解】考查动词短语、介词短语和时态。“从90年代开始”可译为since the 1990s，作时间状语，句子要用现在完成时态，主语“学校”用the school，谓语“举办”用动词host，用现在完成时态为has hosted，宾语“各种艺术节”译为a variety of art festivals；“书法、国画、折纸等中国传统文化课程更是传承至今”是并列分句，用连词and连接，其主语“书法、国画、折纸等中国传统文化课程”译为traditional Chinese culture classes, including calligraphy, Chinese painting, and paper folding，其中including是介词，意为“包括”，“传承至今”用动词短语continue to this day，描述过去持续到现在的情况，用现在完成时态have continued to this day。综上，全句译为Since the 1990s, the school has hosted a variety of art festivals, and traditional Chinese culture classes, including calligraphy, Chinese painting, and paper folding, have continued to this day. VI. Guided Writing （25分） 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近收到表弟王磊的邮件(如下所示)，回复他一封邮件，内容须包括： (1) 对明启中学的介绍； (2) 你对于如何做好初高中衔接的建议。 Dear Li Ming, I hope this email finds you well. I’m thinking about following in your footsteps and applying to your high school, so I’d love to ask you some questions. What are the school and the life there like? And, more importantly, how did you handle the jump from junior to senior high? I’ve heard it’s a big change, and I could use some tips on how to make the transition smoother. I’d really appreciate any advice you can give me. Thanks a bunch, and let’s catch up soon! Take care, Wang Lei ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Wang Lei, It’s great to hear from you! I’m glad to tell you something about my school. Mingqi High School is an excellent choice. Our campus boasts modern facilities, including a well-equipped library and science labs. Teachers here are supportive, encouraging students to explore interests through clubs like debate and robotics. The atmosphere is both challenging and collaborative, helping us grow academically and socially. Regarding the transition to senior high, my advice is as follows. Firstly, why not adjust your learning habits? High school coursework is more demanding, so preview lessons and review notes regularly. Besides, you should manage your time wisely. You can use planners to balance academics and extracurriculars. Lastly, remember to stay positive whenever you meet difficulties. You may turn to your friends or teachers for help if necessary. I’m sure you’ll thrive here! Let’s chat more over the weekend. All the best, Li Ming 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给表弟王磊回邮件，介绍自己的学校明启中学，并给对方关于如何做好初高中衔接的建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→ delighted 选择：choice→ option 鼓励：encourage→ inspire 明智地：wisely→ judiciously 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Our campus boasts modern facilities, including a well-equipped library and science labs. 拓展句：Our campus boasts modern facilities, which include a well-equipped library and science labs. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The atmosphere is both challenging and collaborative, helping us grow academically and socially.（运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】Lastly, remember to stay positive whenever you meet difficulties.（运用了whenever引导的时间状语从句） 试卷第26页，共26页 试卷第5页，共26页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【灿烂六月·高考金8卷】 备战2026年高考英语模拟卷（上海卷03） 参考答案及评分标准 II．Grammar and Vocabulary （20%） Section A 1．which 2．being made 3．has praised 4．built 5．because of 6．Each time/Every time 7．less real 8．are seen 9．what 10．To regain Section B 11．H 12．F 13．I 14．A 15．G 16．E 17．J 18．K 19．B 20．D III．Reading Comprehension （45%） Section A 21．C 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．D 31．B 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A Section B 36．D 37．D 38．A 39．C 40．B 41．C 42．D 43．C 44．C 45．D 46．B Section C 47．C 48．F 49．E 50．B IV．概要写作（10%） One possible version: 【51】Scientific research reveals that play is crucial for brain development and social bonding. Marian Diamond demonstrated that enriched environments with toys and companions produced larger, more complex brains in rats. Jaak Panksepp further identified play as a fundamental need originating in deep brain regions for emotion and learning, which builds social intelligence by fostering cooperation. V. Translation （15%） 【52】Are you aware that every ancient city has its unique culture? 【53】It is obvious that the fresh dairy products are available to people in the region. 【54】This bridge not only turns a natural barrier into a thoroughfare, but also integrates sightseeing and entertainment, which can be described as an outstanding model that combines functionality and artistry. 【55】Since the 1990s, the school has hosted a variety of art festivals, and traditional Chinese culture classes, including calligraphy, Chinese painting, and paper folding, have continued to this day. VI. Guided Writing （25%） 【答案】Dear Wang Lei, It’s great to hear from you! I’m glad to tell you something about my school. Mingqi High School is an excellent choice. Our campus boasts modern facilities, including a well-equipped library and science labs. Teachers here are supportive, encouraging students to explore interests through clubs like debate and robotics. The atmosphere is both challenging and collaborative, helping us grow academically and socially. Regarding the transition to senior high, my advice is as follows. Firstly, why not adjust your learning habits? High school coursework is more demanding, so preview lessons and review notes regularly. Besides, you should manage your time wisely. You can use planners to balance academics and extracurriculars. Lastly, remember to stay positive whenever you meet difficulties. You may turn to your friends or teachers for help if necessary. I’m sure you’ll thrive here! Let’s chat more over the weekend. All the best, Li Ming 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $