内容正文:
重大版 选必2 Challenging yourself B.词汇同步笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
wheelchair n. 轮椅
复数:wheelchairs
无
1. push a wheelchair(推轮椅)2. in a wheelchair(坐在轮椅上)
He has been using a wheelchair since the accident.(那次事故后,他一直使用轮椅。)
2
sorrowfully adv. 悲哀地;悲伤地
无比较级/最高级
sorrow n. 悲伤;sorrowful adj. 悲伤的
1. speak sorrowfully(悲伤地说)2. look sorrowfully(悲伤地看着)
She shook her head sorrowfully when she heard the news.(听到这个消息,她悲伤地摇了摇头。)
3
theoretical adj. 理论的
比较级:more theoretical;最高级:most theoretical
theory n. 理论;theoretically adv. 理论上
1. theoretical knowledge(理论知识)2. theoretical physics(理论物理)
His research is more theoretical than practical.(他的研究偏理论而非实践。)
4
theory n. 理论
复数:theories
theoretical adj. 理论的;theoretically adv. 理论上
1. scientific theory(科学理论)2. in theory(在理论上)
Einstein’s theory of relativity is famous worldwide.(爱因斯坦的相对论举世闻名。)
5
physicist n. 物理学家
复数:physicists
physics n. 物理学;physical adj. 物理的
1. famous physicist(著名物理学家)2. nuclear physicist(核物理学家)
She dreams of becoming a great physicist like Marie Curie.(她梦想成为像玛丽·居里一样伟大的物理学家。)
6
physics n. 物理学
不可数
physical adj. 物理的;physicist n. 物理学家
1. study physics(学习物理)2. applied physics(应用物理)
Physics is one of the core subjects in high school.(物理是高中的核心科目之一。)
7
pursue vt./vi. 追求;致力于;执行
过去式/过去分词:pursued
pursuit n. 追求;pursuer n. 追求者
1. pursue a dream(追求梦想)2. pursue a career(致力于事业)
He decided to pursue his studies abroad.(他决定出国继续深造。)
8
genius n. 天才
复数:geniuses
genius adj. 天才的;genius-level adj. 天才级别的
1. a mathematical genius(数学天才)2. creative genius(创作天才)
He is widely regarded as a genius in music.(他被广泛认为是音乐天才。)
9
challenge n. 挑战 vt. 向……挑战
复数:challenges;动词过去式/过去分词:challenged
challenging adj. 有挑战性的
1. face a challenge(面对挑战)2. challenge sb. to do(向某人挑战做)
The task is a big challenge for all of us.(这项任务对我们所有人来说都是一个巨大的挑战。)
10
motor adj. 运动神经的
无比较级/最高级;复数:motors
motor n. 发动机;motorist n. 驾车者
1. motor skills(运动技能)2. motor nerve(运动神经)
Children need more practice to improve their motor skills.(孩子们需要更多练习来提升运动技能。)
11
progress vi. 进步;前进 n. 进步;进程
动词过去式/过去分词:progressed;无复数
progressive adj. 进步的;progressively adv. 逐步地
1. make progress(取得进步)2. progress smoothly(顺利推进)
She has made great progress in English this term.(这学期她的英语进步很大。)
12
switch n. 开关;转变 vt./vi. (使)改变;转换
复数:switches;动词过去式/过去分词:switched
switchable adj. 可转换的
1. switch on/off(打开/关闭)2. switch to(转换到)
He switched the light off before leaving the room.(他离开房间前关掉了灯。)
13
altogether adv. 完全地
无比较级/最高级
无
1. altogether different(完全不同)2. altogether impossible(完全不可能)
His idea is altogether different from ours.(他的想法和我们的完全不同。)
14
cheek n. 脸颊
复数:cheeks
cheeky adj. 厚脸皮的;cheekbone n. 颧骨
1. red cheeks(红脸颊)2. kiss sb. on the cheek(亲吻某人的脸颊)
A smile appeared on her cheeks when she saw him.(看到他时,她的脸颊露出了微笑。)
15
operate vi. (机器)运转;动手术;操纵;经营
过去式/过去分词:operated
operation n. 手术;operator n. 操作者
1. operate on sb.(给某人动手术)2. operate a machine(操作机器)
The doctor will operate on her knee tomorrow.(医生明天将为她的膝盖做手术。)
16
operator n. 操作者;经营者
复数:operators
operate v. 操作;operation n. 操作
1. computer operator(电脑操作员)2. phone operator(电话接线员)
The operator helped me connect the call.(接线员帮我接通了电话。)
17
million n. 百万
复数:millions
millionaire n. 百万富翁
1. two million(两百万)2. millions of(数百万的)
Millions of people watched the live broadcast.(数百万人观看了这场直播。)
18
scientific adj. 科学的
无比较级/最高级
science n. 科学;scientist n. 科学家
1. scientific research(科学研究)2. scientific method(科学方法)
They used scientific methods to solve the problem.(他们用科学的方法解决了这个问题。)
19
science n. 科学
不可数
scientific adj. 科学的;scientist n. 科学家
1. natural science(自然科学)2. develop science and technology(发展科技)
Science plays an important role in modern life.(科学在现代生活中扮演着重要角色。)
20
paper n. 论文;试卷;(复数)文献
复数:papers
无
1. write a paper(写论文)2. exam paper(试卷)
He spent three months finishing his research paper.(他花了三个月时间完成研究论文。)
21
exploration n. 探测;勘探;探险
复数:explorations
explore v. 探索;explorer n. 探险家
1. space exploration(太空探索)2. oil exploration(石油勘探)
Space exploration has always been a human dream.(太空探索一直是人类的梦想。)
22
explore vt./vi. 探索
过去式/过去分词:explored
exploration n. 探索;explorer n. 探险家
1. explore the unknown(探索未知)2. explore a cave(探索洞穴)
They plan to explore the ancient ruins next year.(他们计划明年去探索那处古遗址。)
23
inspire vt. 激励;鼓舞
过去式/过去分词:inspired
inspiration n. 灵感;inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的
1. inspire sb. to do(激励某人做)2. be inspired by(受……启发)
His story inspired many young people to chase their dreams.(他的故事激励了许多年轻人追逐梦想。)
24
honorary adj. 荣誉的;光荣的;名誉的
无比较级/最高级
honor n. 荣誉;honor v. 授予荣誉
1. honorary title(荣誉称号)2. honorary president(名誉主席)
He was awarded an honorary degree by the university.(他被这所大学授予荣誉学位。)
25
enthusiasm n. 热情;热忱
不可数
enthusiastic adj. 热情的;enthusiastically adv. 热情地
1. enthusiasm for(对……的热情)2. full of enthusiasm(充满热情)
She has great enthusiasm for painting.(她对绘画有极大的热情。)
26
enthusiastic adj. 热情的;热心的
比较级:more enthusiastic;最高级:most enthusiastic
enthusiasm n. 热情;enthusiastically adv. 热情地
1. be enthusiastic about(对……热情)2. enthusiastic supporter(热心支持者)
The teacher is always enthusiastic about helping students.(这位老师总是热心帮助学生。)
27
weightlessness n. 失重;无重状态
不可数
weight n. 重量;weightless adj. 失重的
1. experience weightlessness(体验失重)2. weightlessness in space(太空中的失重)
Astronauts need special training to adapt to weightlessness.(宇航员需要特殊训练来适应失重状态。)
28
bind vt. 捆绑;约束
过去式/过去分词:bound
binding adj. 有约束力的;bond n. 纽带
1. bind up(包扎;捆绑)2. be bound by(受……约束)
They bound the books together with a rope.(他们用绳子把书捆在一起。)
29
limit n. 限制;界限 vt. 限定
复数:limits;动词过去式/过去分词:limited
limited adj. 有限的;limitation n. 限制
1. set a limit(设定限制)2. limit sb. to(限定某人做)
We must limit our spending to a reasonable level.(我们必须把开支限制在合理水平。)
30
compose vt. 组成;构成;作曲;创作
过去式/过去分词:composed
composition n. 作文;作曲家
1. be composed of(由……组成)2. compose music(作曲)
Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.(水由氢和氧组成。)
31
willpower n. 意志力;毅力
不可数
will n. 意志;power n. 力量
1. strong willpower(坚强的意志力)2. with willpower(凭借意志力)
It takes great willpower to quit smoking.(戒烟需要极大的意志力。)
32
icon n. 偶像
复数:icons
iconic adj. 标志性的;偶像级的
1. pop icon(流行偶像)2. cultural icon(文化偶像)
She has become an icon for young people.(她已成为年轻人的偶像。)
33
renowned adj. 有名的;享有声誉的
无比较级/最高级
renown n. 声誉;renownedly adv. 著名地
1. renowned for(因……闻名)2. renowned writer(著名作家)
The city is renowned for its ancient architecture.(这座城市以其古建筑而闻名。)
34
ambassador n. 大使
复数:ambassadors
embassy n. 大使馆;ambassadress n. 女大使
1. foreign ambassador(外国大使)2. ambassador to(驻……大使)
He was appointed ambassador to France last year.(他去年被任命为驻法大使。)
35
cosmology n. 宇宙学
不可数
cosmic adj. 宇宙的;cosmologist n. 宇宙学家
1. study cosmology(研究宇宙学)2. modern cosmology(现代宇宙学)
His research focuses on the origin of the universe in cosmology.(他的研究集中在宇宙学中的宇宙起源问题。)
36
clumsy adj. 笨拙的;不得体的
比较级:clumsier;最高级:clumsiest
clumsily adv. 笨拙地;clumsiness n. 笨拙
1. clumsy movement(笨拙的动作)2. clumsy remark(不得体的言论)
The child is a bit clumsy when using chopsticks.(这个孩子用筷子时有点笨拙。)
37
deteriorate vi. 恶化;变坏
过去式/过去分词:deteriorated
deterioration n. 恶化;deteriorative adj. 使恶化的
1. health deteriorate(健康恶化)2. situation deteriorate(局势恶化)
His condition deteriorated rapidly after the operation.(手术后他的病情迅速恶化。)
38
whereas conj. 然而;鉴于
无词形变化
无
1. whereas(然而,表对比)2. whereas(鉴于,表原因)
Some people like coffee, whereas others prefer tea.(有些人喜欢咖啡,而另一些人喜欢茶。)
39
co-written 合作编写的
无词形变化
write v. 写;co-write v. 合作编写
1. co-written book(合作编写的书)2. co-written article(合作撰写的文章)
This novel is a co-written work by two famous authors.(这部小说是两位著名作家合作编写的作品。)
40
synthesiser n. 合成器
复数:synthesisers
synthesise v. 合成;synthesis n. 合成
1. electronic synthesiser(电子合成器)2. music synthesiser(音乐合成器)
He used a synthesiser to create unique music.(他用合成器创作了独特的音乐。)
41
academy n. 专科学校;(通常作 Academy)学会
复数:academies
academic adj. 学术的;academician n. 院士
1. art academy(艺术专科学校)2. Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院)
She was admitted to a famous dance academy.(她被一所著名的舞蹈专科学校录取。)
42
tremendous adj. 极大的;巨大的
比较级:more tremendous;最高级:most tremendous
tremendously adv. 极其;非常
1. tremendous success(巨大的成功)2. tremendous effort(巨大的努力)
The project has achieved tremendous progress.(这个项目取得了巨大的进展。)
43
embrace vt./vi. 拥抱
过去式/过去分词:embraced;复数:embraces
embrace n. 拥抱;embracing adj. 拥抱的
1. embrace sb. tightly(紧紧拥抱某人)2. embrace a chance(抓住机会)
They embraced warmly when they met again after years.(多年后重逢,他们热情地拥抱在一起。)
44
fulfil vt. 履行;实现
过去式/过去分词:fulfilled
fulfilment n. 实现;fulfilling adj. 令人满足的
1. fulfil a promise(履行承诺)2. fulfil a dream(实现梦想)
She finally fulfilled her dream of becoming a doctor.(她最终实现了成为一名医生的梦想。)
45
defect n. 缺点;缺陷
复数:defects;动词过去式/过去分词:defected
defective adj. 有缺陷的;defectively adv. 有缺陷地
1. physical defect(生理缺陷)2. defect in(在……方面有缺陷)
The product was recalled due to a design defect.(这款产品因设计缺陷被召回。)
46
manifestation n. 表示;显示;示威
复数:manifestations
manifest v. 显示;manifest adj. 明显的
1. manifestation of love(爱的表达)2. manifestation of anger(愤怒的表现)
Her smile is a manifestation of her happiness.(她的微笑是她幸福的一种表现。)
47
throw at 向……投去
无词形变化
无
1. throw sth. at sb.(向某人扔某物)2. throw a glance at(瞥一眼)
He threw a stone at the dog to drive it away.(他朝狗扔了一块石头把它赶走。)
48
be diagnosed with 被诊断出
无词形变化
无
1. be diagnosed with a disease(被诊断出患有某种疾病)
She was diagnosed with a rare illness last month.(她上个月被诊断出患有一种罕见的疾病。)
49
fall over 跌倒;摔倒
无词形变化
无
1. fall over a stone(被石头绊倒)2. fall over oneself(匆忙;绊倒)
The old man fell over on the icy road.(老人在结冰的路上摔倒了。)
50
have trouble in (doing) sth. 做……有困难
无词形变化
无
1. have trouble in studying(学习有困难)2. have trouble in communicating(沟通有困难)
He has trouble in pronouncing some English words.(他在一些英语单词的发音上有困难。)
51
be unable to get out of bed 不能下床
无词形变化
无
1. be unable to get out of bed due to illness(因病不能下床)
She was unable to get out of bed for a week after the operation.(手术后她有一周时间不能下床。)
52
one after another 接连地;先后;相继地
无词形变化
无
1. come one after another(接踵而至)2. happen one after another(接连发生)
Good news came one after another during the meeting.(会议期间好消息接踵而至。)
53
catch pneumonia 染上肺炎
无词形变化
无
1. catch pneumonia in cold weather(寒冷天气染上肺炎)
He caught pneumonia after being caught in the rain.(他淋雨后感上了肺炎。)
54
have an operation 动手术
无词形变化
无
1. have an operation on the heart(做心脏手术)
She had an operation on her eyes last week.(她上周做了眼部手术。)
55
take away one’s ability to do sth. 剥夺某人做某事的能力
无词形变化
无
1. take away one’s ability to walk(剥夺某人走路的能力)
The accident took away his ability to speak.(那场事故剥夺了他说话的能力。)
56
from then on 从此;从那时起
无词形变化
无
1. from then on(从那时起,用于过去时)
From then on, she worked harder than ever before.(从那时起,她比以往任何时候都努力。)
57
in spite of 尽管
无词形变化
无
1. in spite of difficulties(尽管有困难)2. in spite of the rain(尽管下雨)
In spite of the heavy rain, we still went out.(尽管雨下得很大,我们还是出去了。)
58
shake up 摇匀;重组
无词形变化
无
1. shake up a bottle(摇匀瓶子)2. shake up a company(重组公司)
Shake up the juice before drinking.(喝之前把果汁摇匀。)
59
apart from 除此之外
无词形变化
无
1. apart from this(除此之外)2. apart from English(除了英语之外)
Apart from math, he is good at all other subjects.(除了数学,他其他科目都很好。)
60
in zero gravity 在失重状态下
无词形变化
无
1. work in zero gravity(在失重状态下工作)
Astronauts have to adapt to living in zero gravity.(宇航员必须适应在失重状态下生活。)
61
free from 使摆脱;没有
无词形变化
无
1. free from pollution(没有污染)2. free from worry(摆脱烦恼)
We hope to live in a world free from war.(我们希望生活在一个没有战争的世界。)
62
what's more 另外
无词形变化
无
1. what's more(此外,而且)
The task is difficult, and what's more, it’s time-consuming.(这项任务很难,而且很耗时。)
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$