专题04 巧用并列句(讲义) - 高中英语写作从零开始

2025-11-24
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摘要:

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考并列句核心考点,以定义解析、FANBOYS连词工具梳理及“低级到高级”构建方法为主线,通过概念阐释、分层构建指导和专项练习(30题单句语法填空、20题长句翻译),帮助学生系统掌握并列句逻辑关系与运用技巧,突破写作单调、逻辑薄弱难点。 资料创新采用“三阶递进式”教学策略,如写作场景中引导学生从简单句碎片到and/so初级合并,再到not only...but also...高级整合,培养思维品质与语言表达能力。分层练习覆盖基础到综合应用,配合实例解析,确保学生高效提升写作层次,为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

内容正文:

专题04 巧用并列句 写作指导 识 核心概念:什么是并列句?为什么它如此重要? 1. 定义 并列句是由并列连词连接两个或两个以上的独立分句(即每个部分都能独立成句)构成的句子。 公式: 简单句1 + 并列连词 + 简单句2 · 简单句1: I like English. · 简单句2: My brother prefers math. · 并列句: I like English, but my brother prefers math. 2. 重要性 在写作中,如果全是简单句,会显得单调、幼稚,就像小学生日记: “I got up. I had breakfast. I went to school. The class was interesting. I felt happy.” (我起床了。我吃了早餐。我去了学校。课很有趣。我很开心。) 使用并列句后,文章会立刻变得流畅、有层次: “I got up and had breakfast, and then I went to school. The class was interesting, so I felt happy.” (我起床吃了早餐,然后去了学校。课很有趣,所以我很开心。) 使用并列句的三大好处: · 避免单调: 将短句合并,使行文更富节奏感。 · 增强逻辑: 清晰地展示分句之间的逻辑关系(如转折、因果、递进等)。 · 提升层次: 是写出复杂长句的第一步,是通向高级写作的基石。 第一部分:核心工具——并列连词 (FANBOYS) 英语中最核心的并列连词有七个,我们可以用缩写 FANBOYS 来记忆它们。 F For 表示原因(较正式,多用于书面) I must stay at home, for I have a lot of homework. (我必须待在家里,因为我有许多作业。) A And 表示顺接、递进 She is smart, and she works very hard. (她聪明,而且学习非常努力。) N Nor 表示“也不”(前句通常为否定) He doesn't like coffee, nor does he like tea. (他不喜欢咖啡,也不喜欢茶。) B But 表示转折、对比 The book is expensive, but it is worth reading. (这本书很贵,但值得一读。) O Or 表示选择、否则 Hurry up, or you will be late. (快点,否则你要迟到了。) Y Yet 表示转折(语气比but稍强) He is very rich, yet he is not happy. (他非常富有,然而他并不快乐。) S So 表示结果 It started to rain, so we canceled the picnic. (开始下雨了,因此我们取消了野餐。)第二部分:如何构建并列句——从“低级”到“高级” 写作场景: 描述你的好朋友。 Step 1: 基础简单句(思路碎片) · Li Hua is my best friend. · He is always warm-hearted. · He often helps me with my math. · I have made great progress. Step 2: 初级合并(使用“and”和“so”) · Li Hua is my best friend, and he is always warm-hearted. · He often helps me with my math, so I have made great progress. Step 3: 高级合并(使用“not only... but also...” 和 “,”) · Li Hua is my best friend, and he is always warm-hearted. Not only does he often help me with my math, but I have also made great progress because of him. 第三部分:并列句的“升级版”——并列连接副词 · 表示递进: moreover, furthermore, besides, in addition · 表示转折: however, nevertheless, on the contrary · 表示结果: therefore, thus, as a result, consequently · 表示举例: for example, for instance 专项练习 练 一、单句语法填空30题 1. He is good at playing basketball, ______ he is also skilled in swimming. 2. You can choose to take the bus, ______ you can ride a bike to the station. 3. The task is difficult, ______ we will never give up trying. 4. She didn’t study hard, ______ she failed the final exam. 5. It was getting dark, ______ we had to hurry back home. 6. He likes not only reading novels, ______ also collecting stamps. 7. Not only the students but also the teacher ______ looking forward to the holiday 8. Either you finish the work today, ______ your partner will do it tomorrow. 9. Neither the film nor the music ______ interesting enough to attract me. 10. The weather was cold, ______ we still went out for a walk. 11. She is kind-hearted, ______ everyone in the class likes to make friends with her. 12. We can go to the museum this weekend, ______ we can visit the art gallery. 13. He practiced the piano for hours, ______ he still couldn’t play the piece fluently. 14. The book is informative, ______ it is easy to understand. 15. You must apologize to her, ______ she will not forgive you. 16. He didn’t attend the meeting, ______ did he give any reason for his absence. 17. She not only sings beautifully, ______ dances gracefully as well. 18. The restaurant has delicious food, ______ its service is also excellent. 19. It rained heavily this morning, ______ we decided to stay at home and watch movies. 20. Either you correct your mistakes at once, ______ you will face serious consequences. 21. He is not a doctor, ______ a teacher in a middle school. 22. The movie was boring, ______ most of the audience left early. 23. Not only does she speak English fluently, ______ she can also communicate in French. 24. We tried our best to finish the project, ______ we missed the deadline. 25. You can drink some water, ______ you can have a cup of tea if you prefer. 26. The garden is full of flowers, ______ the air is fresh and sweet. 27. He has no brothers, ______ does he have any sisters. 28. She worked day and night, ______ she finally achieved her goal. 29. Either we start the journey now, ______ we have to wait until next week. 30. The dress is beautiful, ______ it is a bit too expensive for me. 二、长句翻译20题 1. 阅读能开阔我们的视野,并且能丰富我们的知识储备。(and 表递进) 2. 你可以选择在线学习英语,或者报名参加线下培训班。(or 表选择) 3. 他努力了很久,但是仍然没有达到自己设定的目标。(but 表转折) 4. 昨天的雨下得很大,所以很多航班都延误了。(so 表结果) 5. 她不仅会弹吉他,还会作曲和演唱自己写的歌曲。(not only...but also... 表递进) 6. 我们既不能浪费粮食,也不能随意破坏环境。(neither...nor... 表否定并列) 7. 要么你现在就开始行动,要么就永远失去这个机会。(either...or... 表选择) 8. 这座城市既有现代化的高楼大厦,也有历史悠久的古街老巷。(and 表并列) 9. 他没有遵守承诺,也没有给出任何合理的解释。(nor 表否定递进) 10. 学习英语需要耐心和坚持,所以我们不能急于求成。(so 表结果) 11. 天气虽然炎热,但是我们依然坚持完成了户外实践活动。(but 表转折) 12. 你可以借阅图书馆的书籍,或者在网上下载电子资料进行学习。(or 表选择) 13. 她不仅学习成绩优异,而且积极参与各种志愿服务活动。(not only...but also... 表递进) 14. 我们应该珍惜时间,并且合理规划自己的学习和生活。(and 表并列) 15. 他既不喜欢运动,也对户外活动没有任何兴趣。(neither...nor... 表否定并列) 16. 要么努力拼搏实现梦想,要么安于现状一事无成。(either...or... 表选择) 17. 这本书的内容很精彩,但是语言有点晦涩难懂。(but 表转折) 18. 我们提前做好了充分准备,所以在比赛中发挥得很出色。(so 表结果) 19. 她不仅会说三种外语,还精通计算机编程。(not only...but also... 表递进) 20. 周末我们可以去爬山锻炼身体,或者在家好好休息放松心情。(or 表选择) 答案: 一、单句语法填空30题 1. and(表并列递进,连接“擅长篮球”与“精通游泳”两个并列事实) 2. or(表选择,提供“坐公交”与“骑自行车”两种出行方式) 3. but(表转折,前后语义相反:任务难但不放弃) 4. so(表因果,“没努力”是“考试不及格”的原因) 5. so(表因果,“天变黑”导致“必须赶回家”) 6. but(固定结构not only...but also...,表递进) 7. is(固定结构not only...but also...,主谓一致遵循“就近原则”,靠近谓语的主语是the teacher,单数) 8. or(固定结构either...or...,表选择“要么今天做,要么明天做”) 9. is(固定结构neither...nor...,主谓一致遵循“就近原则”,靠近谓语的主语是the music,单数) 10. yet(表转折,相当于but,“天气冷但仍外出散步”) 11. so(表因果,“心地善良”导致“大家愿意和她做朋友”) 12. or(表选择,提供“去博物馆”与“去美术馆”两种周末安排) 13. but(表转折,“练了几小时”却“仍不熟练”) 14. and(表并列,连接“信息量大”与“易懂”两个优点) 15. or(表条件转折,“必须道歉,否则不原谅”) 16. nor(表否定递进,“没参会也没说明原因”,倒装结构) 17. but(固定结构not only...but...as well,表递进) 18. and(表并列递进,“食物美味”且“服务优质”) 19. so(表因果,“雨下得大”导致“决定待在家”) 20. or(固定结构either...or...,表选择“要么改错,要么承担后果”) 21. but(表转折,“不是医生而是中学老师”) 22. so(表因果,“电影无聊”导致“观众早离场”) 23. but(固定结构not only...but also...,前半句倒装,表递进) 24. but(表转折,“尽力了但仍错过截止日期”) 25. or(表选择,“喝水或喝茶”) 26. and(表并列,“花园有花”且“空气清新”) 27. nor(表否定递进,“没有兄弟也没有姐妹”,倒装结构) 28. so(表因果,“日夜工作”导致“实现目标”) 29. or(固定结构either...or...,表选择“要么现在出发,要么等下周”) 30. but(表转折,“裙子漂亮但有点贵”) 二、长句翻译20题 1. Reading can broaden our horizons, and enrich our knowledge reserve.(and 表递进,连接阅读的两个益处) 2. You can choose to learn English online, or sign up for offline training courses.(or 表选择,提供两种学习方式) 3. He worked hard for a long time, but still didn’t achieve the goal he set.(but 表转折,前后结果相反) 4. It rained heavily yesterday, so many flights were delayed.(so 表因果,“大雨”是“航班延误”的原因) 5. She can not only play the guitar, but also compose and sing songs written by herself.(not only...but also... 表递进,强调多种技能) 6. We can neither waste food nor randomly destroy the environment.(neither...nor... 表否定并列,连接两个禁止的行为) 7. Either you take action now, or you will lose this opportunity forever.(either...or... 表选择,突出两种结果的对立) 8. This city has both modern high-rise buildings and ancient streets with a long history.(and 表并列,展现城市的两种风貌) 9. He didn’t keep his promise, nor did he give any reasonable explanation.(nor 表否定递进,倒装结构强化语气) 10. Learning English requires patience and perseverance, so we can’t be in a hurry for quick success.(so 表因果,说明学习态度的重要性) 11. The weather was hot, but we still insisted on finishing the outdoor practical activity.(but 表转折,体现坚持的态度) 12. You can borrow books from the library, or download electronic materials online for study.(or 表选择,提供两种学习资料获取方式) 13. She not only has excellent academic performance, but also actively participates in various volunteer service activities.(not only...but also... 表递进,突出综合素质) 14. We should cherish time and make reasonable plans for our study and life.(and 表并列,连接两个应做的行为) 15. He neither likes sports nor has any interest in outdoor activities.(neither...nor... 表否定并列,说明兴趣倾向) 16. Either strive to realize your dream, or be content with the status quo and achieve nothing.(either...or... 表选择,强调人生的两种选择) 17. The content of this book is wonderful, but the language is a bit obscure and hard to understand.(but 表转折,指出书籍的优点与不足) 18. We made full preparations in advance, so we performed very well in the competition.(so 表因果,“充分准备”带来“出色表现”) 19. She can not only speak three foreign languages, but also be proficient in computer programming.(not only...but also... 表递进,凸显能力全面) 20. On weekends, we can go hiking to exercise, or stay at home to rest and relax.(or 表选择,提供两种周末休闲方式) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题04 巧用并列句 写作指导 识 核心概念:什么是并列句?为什么它如此重要? 1. 定义 并列句是由并列连词连接两个或两个以上的独立分句(即每个部分都能独立成句)构成的句子。 公式: 简单句1 + 并列连词 + 简单句2 · 简单句1: I like English. · 简单句2: My brother prefers math. · 并列句: I like English, but my brother prefers math. 2. 重要性 在写作中,如果全是简单句,会显得单调、幼稚,就像小学生日记: “I got up. I had breakfast. I went to school. The class was interesting. I felt happy.” (我起床了。我吃了早餐。我去了学校。课很有趣。我很开心。) 使用并列句后,文章会立刻变得流畅、有层次: “I got up and had breakfast, and then I went to school. The class was interesting, so I felt happy.” (我起床吃了早餐,然后去了学校。课很有趣,所以我很开心。) 使用并列句的三大好处: · 避免单调: 将短句合并,使行文更富节奏感。 · 增强逻辑: 清晰地展示分句之间的逻辑关系(如转折、因果、递进等)。 · 提升层次: 是写出复杂长句的第一步,是通向高级写作的基石。 第一部分:核心工具——并列连词 (FANBOYS) 英语中最核心的并列连词有七个,我们可以用缩写 FANBOYS 来记忆它们。 F For 表示原因(较正式,多用于书面) I must stay at home, for I have a lot of homework. (我必须待在家里,因为我有许多作业。) A And 表示顺接、递进 She is smart, and she works very hard. (她聪明,而且学习非常努力。) N Nor 表示“也不”(前句通常为否定) He doesn't like coffee, nor does he like tea. (他不喜欢咖啡,也不喜欢茶。) B But 表示转折、对比 The book is expensive, but it is worth reading. (这本书很贵,但值得一读。) O Or 表示选择、否则 Hurry up, or you will be late. (快点,否则你要迟到了。) Y Yet 表示转折(语气比but稍强) He is very rich, yet he is not happy. (他非常富有,然而他并不快乐。) S So 表示结果 It started to rain, so we canceled the picnic. (开始下雨了,因此我们取消了野餐。)第二部分:如何构建并列句——从“低级”到“高级” 写作场景: 描述你的好朋友。 Step 1: 基础简单句(思路碎片) · Li Hua is my best friend. · He is always warm-hearted. · He often helps me with my math. · I have made great progress. Step 2: 初级合并(使用“and”和“so”) · Li Hua is my best friend, and he is always warm-hearted. · He often helps me with my math, so I have made great progress. Step 3: 高级合并(使用“not only... but also...” 和 “,”) · Li Hua is my best friend, and he is always warm-hearted. Not only does he often help me with my math, but I have also made great progress because of him. 第三部分:并列句的“升级版”——并列连接副词 · 表示递进: moreover, furthermore, besides, in addition · 表示转折: however, nevertheless, on the contrary · 表示结果: therefore, thus, as a result, consequently · 表示举例: for example, for instance 专项练习 练 一、单句语法填空30题 1. He is good at playing basketball, ______ he is also skilled in swimming. 2. You can choose to take the bus, ______ you can ride a bike to the station. 3. The task is difficult, ______ we will never give up trying. 4. She didn’t study hard, ______ she failed the final exam. 5. It was getting dark, ______ we had to hurry back home. 6. He likes not only reading novels, ______ also collecting stamps. 7. Not only the students but also the teacher ______ looking forward to the holiday 8. Either you finish the work today, ______ your partner will do it tomorrow. 9. Neither the film nor the music ______ interesting enough to attract me. 10. The weather was cold, ______ we still went out for a walk. 11. She is kind-hearted, ______ everyone in the class likes to make friends with her. 12. We can go to the museum this weekend, ______ we can visit the art gallery. 13. He practiced the piano for hours, ______ he still couldn’t play the piece fluently. 14. The book is informative, ______ it is easy to understand. 15. You must apologize to her, ______ she will not forgive you. 16. He didn’t attend the meeting, ______ did he give any reason for his absence. 17. She not only sings beautifully, ______ dances gracefully as well. 18. The restaurant has delicious food, ______ its service is also excellent. 19. It rained heavily this morning, ______ we decided to stay at home and watch movies. 20. Either you correct your mistakes at once, ______ you will face serious consequences. 21. He is not a doctor, ______ a teacher in a middle school. 22. The movie was boring, ______ most of the audience left early. 23. Not only does she speak English fluently, ______ she can also communicate in French. 24. We tried our best to finish the project, ______ we missed the deadline. 25. You can drink some water, ______ you can have a cup of tea if you prefer. 26. The garden is full of flowers, ______ the air is fresh and sweet. 27. He has no brothers, ______ does he have any sisters. 28. She worked day and night, ______ she finally achieved her goal. 29. Either we start the journey now, ______ we have to wait until next week. 30. The dress is beautiful, ______ it is a bit too expensive for me. 二、长句翻译20题 1. 阅读能开阔我们的视野,并且能丰富我们的知识储备。(and 表递进) 2. 你可以选择在线学习英语,或者报名参加线下培训班。(or 表选择) 3. 他努力了很久,但是仍然没有达到自己设定的目标。(but 表转折) 4. 昨天的雨下得很大,所以很多航班都延误了。(so 表结果) 5. 她不仅会弹吉他,还会作曲和演唱自己写的歌曲。(not only...but also... 表递进) 6. 我们既不能浪费粮食,也不能随意破坏环境。(neither...nor... 表否定并列) 7. 要么你现在就开始行动,要么就永远失去这个机会。(either...or... 表选择) 8. 这座城市既有现代化的高楼大厦,也有历史悠久的古街老巷。(and 表并列) 9. 他没有遵守承诺,也没有给出任何合理的解释。(nor 表否定递进) 10. 学习英语需要耐心和坚持,所以我们不能急于求成。(so 表结果) 11. 天气虽然炎热,但是我们依然坚持完成了户外实践活动。(but 表转折) 12. 你可以借阅图书馆的书籍,或者在网上下载电子资料进行学习。(or 表选择) 13. 她不仅学习成绩优异,而且积极参与各种志愿服务活动。(not only...but also... 表递进) 14. 我们应该珍惜时间,并且合理规划自己的学习和生活。(and 表并列) 15. 他既不喜欢运动,也对户外活动没有任何兴趣。(neither...nor... 表否定并列) 16. 要么努力拼搏实现梦想,要么安于现状一事无成。(either...or... 表选择) 17. 这本书的内容很精彩,但是语言有点晦涩难懂。(but 表转折) 18. 我们提前做好了充分准备,所以在比赛中发挥得很出色。(so 表结果) 19. 她不仅会说三种外语,还精通计算机编程。(not only...but also... 表递进) 20. 周末我们可以去爬山锻炼身体,或者在家好好休息放松心情。(or 表选择) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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