专题04 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编，重庆专用）八年级英语上学期

专题04 阅读理解-说明文 主题01 人与自我-文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆石柱·期末） Black Myth: Wukong was very popular in 2024. A well-known Chinese company (公司) developed it. It came out on August 20, 2024 and has become very popular since then. It is from the famous Chinese novel Journey to the West, one of the Four Great Classical Novels (名著). In Black Myth: Wukong, you can follow the risks of the Monkey King, Wukong. The story begins with Wukong waking up from a long sleep. He finds that the world has changed and there are new monsters (妖怪) to face. As he begins his journey, he has to meet all kinds of difficulties. As you play, you will find that it has wonderful scenes (场景). You can see beautiful mountains, deep forests, amazing lakes and old buildings. They are so colorful that you can put all yourself into Black Myth: Wukong. With the help of his magic stick, Wukong is brave and powerful. And he can change himself into different shapes. He fights against monsters to help the weak and protect the world. Black Myth: Wukong is fun and you can see traditional Chinese clothing and buildings, which make you step into a fairy tale (童话) world. BUT DON’T PLAY TOO MUCH! 1．What is Black Myth: Wukong from? A．A Western story. B．A Chinese novel. C．An English play. D．An American movie. 2．What does Wukong find after waking up? A．The world is the same as before. B．There are no monsters anymore. C．The world has changed. D．He has lost his magic stick. 3．What makes people put themselves into Black Myth: Wukong according to the passage? A．The new monsters. B．The wonderful scenes. C．The magic stick. D．The difficulties. 4．What can people probably learn from Black Myth: Wukong? A．Picture making. B．Writing skills. C．Chinese culture. D．Modern museums. Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆石柱·期末） ①Marathons have a long history. Nowadays marathons (马拉松) are more and more popular. A new survey shows that about 414 marathon races took place across China last year. On October 20, 2024, there were 22 marathons and half-marathons. More than 300, 000 runners took part in them on that day. ②Why are marathons so popular? Because they’re not just about running long distances (距离), they’re about being healthy, making friends, and having adventures (冒险)! ③Running in a marathon can help to make our hearts and lungs stronger. When we run, we feel happier and less worried. ④Also, we meet lots of different people who also love to run. It’s like a big party full of many runners. Sometimes, we run marathons to help raise money for people in need. It’s a way to do something good and have fun at the same time. ⑤Marathons are like going on an adventure. We get to run through new cities and see beautiful places we’ve never been to before. It’s like going on a school trip, but with running shoes! ⑥If you’re thinking about joining a marathon, that’s cool! Start running a little bit every day and slowly increase (增加) how far you go. Wear the right shoes, not too big or small. To run your best, you need to eat healthy food. Most importantly, every runner is different, so you should always listen to your body—if you’re feeling too tired, it’s okay to take a break or slow down. 1．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 1? A．Marathons have a long history. B．Marathons are popular nowadays. C．Runners are worried about the races. D．Runners are having fun in races. 2．What advice does the writer give about preparing for a marathon? A．Run as fast as you can every day. B．Wear expensive running shoes. C．Start running a little bit every day. D．Eat any food as you like. 3．Which of the following is the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What's the writer’s attitude (态度) towards marathons? A．He thinks there are too many marathon races. B．He thinks there is no need to join marathon races. C．He agrees marathons are easy for us to take. D．He agrees marathons are good for body and mind. Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·重庆万州·期末） Tea is a favorite drink around the world, and the drink has a long history of over 5000 years in China. A lot of people like to drink tea, because it is good for health. Some people drink Pu’re tea after dinner, it helps them sleep better at night. Tea is not hard to make. First, heat (加热) some water. 1 Second, put tea leaves (叶子) in a teacup. 2 Third, pour hot water into the teacup. 3 Finally, wait a few minutes and enjoy your tea. Try to make tea and drink more. It can help you live a long life! A． B． C． D． Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期末） People have been celebrating birthdays for years. The song, Happy Birthday to You, first came out in the late 1800s. However, the song isn’t sung in every country. People in different countries celebrate birthdays differently. In the USA, a birthday cake is important for the celebration. Candles are put on top of the cake. ① The birthday person makes a wish and tries to blow out all the candles in one go and the wish may “come true”. The birthday person usually opens the gifts at the party, and often sends a message of thanks to the people who send him or her gifts. In the past, Chinese people only celebrate some birthdays: the first, 10th, 60th, 70th, and 80th. The Chinese people believe that when a person reaches the age of 60, he or she has completed a full cycle (循环) of life. On this birthday, the person’s children, grandchildren, and other family members try their best to come together to express congratulations (祝贺). Food usually includes a bowl of long-life noodles. ② In Egypt (埃及), family and friends are invited to a party and people sing and dance. People usually bring flowers and fruit to the party. ③ Young Egyptian children only take part in the 7-5-3 birthday celebrations. Because children often died young in old times, when a boy reaches the age of five, or a girl reaches the ages of three and seven, the child puts on his or her best clothes and goes to the shrine (神殿) to give thanks for health. The child may get a bag of candy on that day. These are just a few of the many different birthday traditions around the world. Each tradition brings good wishes and meanings to the birthday person. 1．The following sentences a, b, c are from ①, ②, ③, which is the right match? a. One candle means each year of the person’s life. b. They are seen as symbols of life and growth. c. Long noodles mean a long life for the birthday person. A．①—a; ②—b; ③—c B．①—b; ②—a; ③—c C．①—c; ②—a; ③—b D．①—a; ②—c; ③—b 2．According to the birthday traditions, which one is NOT right? A．The American boy Tom opened his gifts at his birthday party. B．Li Hua’s grandpa ate a bowl of long noodles at his birthday party. C．The Egyptian girl Alma had a big birthday party at the age of 5. D．Family and friends often sing and dance at birthday parties in Egypt. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．An Egyptian child may get some candies on his or her birthday. B．If you blow out all the candles in one go and the wish will come true. C．In the past, Chinese people thought the 60th birthday was very important. D．Chinese people usually get some money as a gift at their birthday parties. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．Better Celebrations, Better Life B．Different Traditions, the Same Wish C．Birthday Parties Around the World D．How Birthday Traditions Develop Passage 5 （24-25八年级上·重庆南岸·期末） Dear friends, I am Bingbing from Hongxing Middle School. I’m glad to share one traditional Chinese food I have learned from my parents: dumplings. They look like silver ingot (银锭), a symbol of much money. Though making dumplings takes much time, it is so much fun. It is also a nice way to spend time together with our family. I hope my introduction can help you to try making dumplings by yourself and I am looking forward to learning more about your traditional foods. Here is how to make them. 1．What is the dumpling’s shape a symbol of? A．Good luck. B．Close friendship. C．Loving family. D．Much money. 2．What does Bingbing think of making dumplings? A．It is always very easy. B．It is difficult and boring. C．He likes making them. D．He can’t stand making them. 3．What is the right order to make dumplings? ①Cook the dumplings in hot water. ②Add some pepper and salt to the fillings (馅料) and mix. ③Put a spoonful of fillings in a dumpling wrapper (饺子皮) and wrap it up. ④Cut up meat and cabbage to make fillings. A．④①②③ B．③④②① C．④②③① D．②④③① Passage 6 （24-25八年级上·重庆潼南·期末） “Black Myth: Wukong” (《黑神话·悟空》) is a wonderful video game that makes a big difference in the game world. It comes from the old Chinese story Journey to the West (《西游记》). The game has the main character (人物) Wukong, who is a symbol of being brave and smart in Chinese culture. Just like in Journey to the West, Wukong in the game has special talents (天赋) and a strong mind. He can become different kinds of people, animals or things if he wants to, and he always uses his magic stick (金箍棒) to fight against the bad. In fact, it is a show of the Chinese people’s creative thinking in the past. The pictures and videos in “Black Myth: Wukong” are also full of Chinese culture. When the old buildings, high mountains and big forests appear on the screen, players feel like they are really a monkey on the trip. It is quite new for the players all over the world because it is the first game with so much Chinese culture. What’s more, the game’s story tells us the Chinese idea of “good and bad” and “fighting against bad”. Wukong, as the main character, is always working hard, and he never stops. This shows the Chinese ideas of being right, being hard-working, and making a better world. In short, “Black Myth: Wukong” is a successful combination (结合) of video game and Chinese culture. It not only let players get a wonderful game to play but also bring Chinese culture to the world. 1．What is “Black Myth: Wukong”? A．A video game. B．A film. C．A book. D．An opera. 2．What is Wukong like from paragraph 4? A．He is smart. B．He is outgoing. C．He is funny. D．He is hard-working. 3．Which is NOT TRUE about “Black Myth: Wukong”? A．It comes from the old Chinese story Journey to the West. B．Wukong has special talents and a strong mind. C．The main character Wukong is a monkey. D．Wukong sometimes stops working hard. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．A New Film B．Black Myth: Wukong C．Monkey King D．Journey to the West 主题02 人与自我-生活建议 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆巫山·期末） If you wake up one day and decide to build a house, how will you begin? Get some tools and build it at once? Or think carefully and prepare everything first? Of course, the second way is better. Why? Because you make a plan for your goal (目标) ! Many people have goals like getting better grades or finding a better job. But without a plan for reaching those goals, only 8 percent of these people will finally be successful. ▲ ? First, it stops you spending time on meaningless things. Also, it helps you know better what to do step by step. What’s more, if you make a good plan, you’ll be surprised at how much you can reach. Last, by making a plan, you will know the problems you meet on the way to success and try your best to solve them. The importance of having a plan is now clear, but do you know how to make your own plan? Step 1: Put your goal down on a piece of paper. In this way, you will be more sure about it. Step2: Cut your goal into small parts and make plans for them. So you will be clearer about what you can do step by step. Step 3: Read your plan every day. Believe it or not, a plan is no good if you never look at it. Step 4: Tell a friend about your plan. You may need his or her help when you can’t follow it. Remember: “A goal without a plan is just a wish.” Once you make a plan for your goal and try your best to follow it, you will hardly be unsuccessful. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．With an example. B．With some facts. C．With some numbers. D．With a long story. 2．Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ ? A．How can we make our own plans B．Why is making plans so important C．What do good plans have in common D．What’s the right time to make plans 3．What do we need a friend to do for us? A．To make plans for us. B．To discuss the steps. C．To read the plans for us. D．To help us follow the plan. 4．The writer writes this article ________. A．to teach people to build a house B．to talk about good life goals C．to share his plans with the readers D．to advise people to make plans Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆潼南·期末） Do you think breakfast important? Last week, several students from XingFu Middle School made a survey among 500 people on the streets. The diagrams (图表) below show the results. Studies show that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. It enables us to study and work better, giving us a fresh start. It is believed that the best time for breakfast is between 7 a. m. and 8 a. m. There should be an interval (间隔) of 4 to 5 hours between breakfast and lunch. Before breakfast, we’d better drink some water. As you can know, our body loses much water after a whole night. 1．According to Diagram I, ________ percent of the people always eat breakfast. A．3% B．14% C．18% D．65% 2．According to Diagram II, why don’t most of the people eat breakfast? A．They have no time. B．They have no appetite (食欲). C．They think it is a trouble. D．They don’t care. 3．If we want to eat breakfast healthily, we should ________. A．eat breakfast before 7 a. m B．drink some water after breakfast C．eat lunch 4-5 hours after breakfast D．drink some milk before breakfast Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末） Do you ever feel you can’t think clearly after playing on the phones for too long? If you do, welcome to the world of “brain rot (脑腐化)”! The phrase (短语) first appeared in the book Walden in 1854, but now it specifically refers (特指) to what happens when someone spends too much time online. The frequency (频率) of people using the phrase keeps growing these years. In 2024, the Oxford even name it Word of the Year. So what will happen if you have brain rot? Well, sometimes it seems like your brain is a blank for a while. For example, you start forgetting things that happened just now. You might find yourself walking into a room and forgetting why you’re there. Looking for a thing that is just in your hand is another common symptom (症状). The bad sides go beyond (超过) those funny things. Brain rot can cause the loss of critical (批判的) thinking. Your emotions may experience ups and downs more often. But don’t be afraid! Solving the problem doesn’t need any expensive medicine. Start by cutting down your screen time. Remember, living without apps like TikTok or Xiaohongshu for a few hours won’t be too hard. Try to take a break to enjoy the real world. You can join in physical activities, read real books (not the videos that can let you read one in 3 minutes), and talk to real persons face-to-face. Just like a garden needs care to grow healthy plants, your brain needs good habits to stay strong. Take care of it, so that more beautiful flowers of creativity and happiness can bloom (盛开) inside! 1．Which of the following shows the use of “brain rot” these years? （“f” means the frequency and “t” means time） A． B． C． D． 2．What does the underlined word blank mean in the passage? a. [adj.] Usually used in go blank. It means something in your head disappeared for no reason. e. g. When I saw the beautiful girl, my mind just went blank. b. [v.] If you blank, you can’t remember what you had in mind before. e. g. I just blanked in the exam. c. [n.] A space without words or pictures on a piece of paper. e. g. Please fill in the blank after reading the passage. d. [n.] Used to say a situation when you forget something. e. g. I tried to think of his name but my mind was a blank. A．a. B．b. C．c. D．d. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．It’s very hard to solve the problem of brain rot. B．Reading books in 3 minutes practices your brain. C．Enjoying the real world is good for the brain. D．Brain rot appeared in 2024 as a new phrase. 4．What’s the writer’s purpose (目的) of writing this passage? A．To tell people to never use the Internet again. B．To advise people to take care of their brain. C．To share some popular words of the year 2024. D．To explain the reasons why brain rot happens. Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期末） Bolognese Sauce (意式肉酱) What you need: 1 spoon of olive oil (油) 1 small carrot, cut into small pieces 1 small onion, cut into small pieces 400g tomatoes some fresh basil leaves (紫苏叶) 250g minced beef How to make it: First, heat the oil in a frying pan (煎锅). Put in the carrot and onion and cook for 5 minutes. Then, add the minced beef to the carrot and onion. Cook for a few-minutes (until the meat is brown). Next, put the tomatoes into the frying pan, and cook for another 5 minutes. Stir all the time. After that, add the basil leaves, then cook slowly for 15 minutes. At last, put some basil leaves on top of the sauce and enjoy it with noodles. 1．To make Bolognese sauce, we need 400g ________. A．oil B．onions C．tomatoes D．beef 2．How many steps do we need to make Bolognese Sauce (意式肉酱)? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 3．We can read this passage in the part of ________ in a magazine. A．sports B．science C．cooking D．education Passage 5 （24-25八年级上·重庆渝北·期末） ①In the past, Xiao Jingsheng often ran to the toilet and back to class with no time for anything else between classes. But now that is different. ②The students at primary and middle schools in Beijing always had a 10-minute break (休息) between classes in the past. This term, they have 5 more minutes to take a break. This can help students spend more time outdoors, and it is healthy for their mind and bodies. ③To help children enjoy break-time activities, some schools have labor education (劳动教育). Students can feed animals and plant something. ④“We love our new friends—some ducks and rabbits!” said Zhang Boren. “Fewer students now sit at their desks. Some play with these cute animals, and others exercise on the playground. This is so refreshing that we hardly feel sleepy or tired in the next class!” ⑤Some schools have activity areas (区域) both indoors and outdoors. For example, at Changping Middle School, the first floor of the teaching building opened a biology lab (生物实验室). The second floor has spaces for free reading and chess games. ⑥As the break time is longer, making sure everyone is safe (安全) is also important. PE teachers from the school keep an eye on students playing on the ground. “Sometimes the ground can be wet in the morning, so we ask the students to do more upper body exercise so that they won’t run and slip (滑倒),” said one PE teacher. 1．How does the writer start this passage? A．By asking a question. B．By telling a story. C．By making a comparison (对比). D．By giving numbers. 2．How long can the students in Beijing take a break between classes now? A．5 minutes. B．10 minutes. C．15 minutes. D．25 minutes. 3．Which of the following sentences can you put the word “refreshing” in? A．It’s really ________ to drink cold cola or juice on a hot day. B．The movie was so ________ that I hardly finished watching it. C．I think sitcoms are ________ because you can learn nothing from them. D．Don’t swim in the rivers. That’s too ________. You may lose your life! 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of this passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 6 （24-25八年级上·重庆渝中·期末） ①Teenagers often find pimples (青春痘) pop up on their faces. These unwelcome trouble-makers seem to appear out of nowhere, especially before important events, like taking class photos or speaking on stage. Why are teenagers likely to have pimples? ②One of the main reasons is the big change in their hormone levels (荷尔蒙水平). A study in 2024 by Professor Yao Xu’s team in “Cell Host & Microbe” showed that the change in hormone levels makes sebaceous glands produce too much oil. Some bacteria (细菌) use the extra oil to multiply, causing skin problems. And then pimples appear. ③Bad habits are also a cause of pimples. One of these habits is staying up late, which will hurt skin metabolism (新陈代谢). An experiment (实验) found teens who go to bed late for a week had more oil and 30% more pimples. ④What’s more, eating too much high-sugar and high-fat food is another bad habit. For example, a boy eating fried chicken over five times a week has a 40% higher risk (风险) of pimples than those who eat healthily. ⑤Pimples bring a lot of problems to teens’ minds and social life. They may feel less confident as they care about their looks. In class, some of them can’t listen to the teachers carefully. These teenagers might be shy and afraid to talk in public. ⑥Here is some advice for students with pimple problems. ⑦First, take care of your skin. Use gentle cleaners in the morning and at night. ⑧Next, sleep 7 to 8 hours every night. Eat more fruit, vegetables and grains. Eat less junk food to control oil. ⑨Finally, don’t worry too much. Pimples are normal for teens. Be happy and do some sports like running, rope skipping and so on. You can surely “live in peace” with pimples. 1．How does the writer support (支持) the idea that bad habits cause (导致) pimples? A．By showing a study in 2024. B．By giving advice to the teenagers. C．By using examples and experiment results. D．By explaining why they worry the teenagers. 2．Which of the following is NOT good for a teenager to reduce (减少) pimple risk? A．Playing basketball twice a week. B．Sleeping for 7 to 8 hours a night. C．Eating more apples and carrots. D．Eating fried chicken every day. 3．What’s the writing purpose (目的) of this passage? A．To introduce some important studies on pimples. B．To introduce some skin cleaners. C．To help teens know more about pimples. D．To encourage teens to be more confident. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 7 （24-25八年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末） Hi, foodies! Do you love snacks? If you do, you are lucky to be in China. Here, you can enjoy countless kinds of snacks! Since it’s winter now, let me teach you how to make the most popular Chinese snack of this season—tanghulu! First, buy a few kinds of fruit you like and wash the fruit carefully. Remember to buy some small ones. 53 Then, string (串) the fruit you washed with bamboo sticks. Be careful not to hurt yourself! Next, pour some sugar and water (2:1) into a pot. And put the pot on fire. 54 Finally, put the fruit into the pot and make it covered with the sugar and water mix. 55 That’s it! Not so hard, right? You can try it in the coming holiday. If you succeed, remember to share the tanghulu with others! A． B． C． D． Passage 8 （24-25八年级上·重庆开州·期末） Good study habits are important for all students. When you have good study habits, you will learn faster and help you have a good memory. Do you usually study in the living room? This is not a good place for study because it is usually too noisy. You need to study in a quiet place, such as your bedroom. A quiet place will help you learn well. Before you begin to study, do not forget to clean your desk. It helps you study well, too. Light is important. You will feel tired easily if there is not enough light. Of all the good study habits can develop, asking questions is the key. Just ask. No one knows everything but we can always learn from each other by asking questions. One simple but important habit is to tell yourself what you are studying for. Put your dream grades on your desk or your computer. It means you will see and think about it every day. When do you work best? Are you an early bird or a night owl (猫头鹰), or something in between? Find your most productive work time and then plan to study at this time. 1．Why is the living room not a good place for study? A．Because it is too big. B．Because it is too small. C．Because it is too noisy. D．Because it is too old. 2．According to the passage, what should you do before you study? A．Clean the desk. B．Turn on the light. C．Ask questions. D．Prepare some bread. 3．The underlined word “productive” in the last paragraph means ________. A．有效的 B．有趣的 C．精彩的 D．努力的 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．Study in the Bedroom B．Good Study Habits Are Important C．How to Study English D．Dream Grades 主题03 人与社会-文化习俗 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆长寿·期末） ①How is the weather in your city now? Are you feeling winter is coming? Lidong (the Start of Winter), will arrive on November 7th this year. ②Lidong was once a big day in ancient (古代的) China. Before the day, the emperor (帝王) would take a shower and have no meat. On that day, the emperor and his officials (官员) would all dress in black and go out of the city to welcome winter. Today, to welcome the day, some people choose to have swimming competitions (比赛) in the rivers in some cold places, such as Harbin in Heilongjiang Province. ③As winter comes, the weather gets colder and colder. Chinese people often eat enough food to keep their bodies warm and healthy. On the day of Lidong, people in North China love eating dumplings. In South China, people love to eat chicken, duck and fish. In some places in Guangdong Province, people eat sugar cane (甘蔗) on the day. They think this is good for their teeth. In Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, people will eat green onions for good health. In Taiwan Province, people often eat mutton (羊肉). ④Lidong is the time to start wearing warm clothes. In old times, the emperor would give warm winter clothes to the officials on the day. People would also remember to give “clothes” to their lost family. They would also have delicious food to show how much they missed the lost ones. 1．What did the emperors do to welcome winter in ancient times? a. They took a shower.        b. They didn’t eat meat. c. They dressed in black.        d. They had a swimming competition. A．a b c B．a b d C．b c d D．a c d 2．What do people in Guangdong Province eat on the day of Lidong? A．Fish. B．Mutton. C．Sugar cane. D．Green onions. 3．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the passage about? A．Food. B．Culture. C．Health. D．Clothes. Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆大渡口·期末） Breaking, also known as breakdancing, is an Olympic sport for the first time in the 2024 Paris Olympic Games. It has two events—one for men and one for women, 16 B-Boys and 16 B-Girls. Unlike swimming, basketball or running, breaking competitions are like bodily rap battles (对决) between two dancers. B-Boys and B-Girls compete in “one-on-one battles”. There are no templates (模板) or programs here, only pure improvisation (即兴) by listening to the DJ’s music. Whoever seriously gets the most votes (选票) from the judges (裁判) is the winner. Breaking is a sport which can be played anywhere and anytime. It is kind of street dance. It is also part of the hip hop music. It grew up during the early 1970s, especially in America. In the past, people wouldn’t believe that street dance could become an Olympic sport. However, it has come true now. It is a historic time for all dancers around the world. Breaking made it into the Olympics for two reasons. First, it’s very popular with young people. It is an extremely important point for the IOC (奥组委) . And it’s also very popular in France. So, after its successful introduction at the 2018 Youth Olympics, breaking made its big Olympic Games show at Paris2024. However, we will see it in Los Angeles 2028 Olympics as well. Not only breaking, but also skateboarding, surfing and sport climbing also become the 2024 Paris Olympic events. These new sports make the Olympics more amazing. 1．What is breaking about? A．It is a kind of sport about dancing. B．It is a kind of sport about basketball. C．It is a kind of sport about climbing. D．It is a kind of sport about swimming. 2．Who are “B-Boys and B-Girls” in the passage? A．Winners of the final battles. B．Players in the breaking competitions C．Musicians to choose music for battles. D．Fans for different teams. 3．Why is breaking becoming a part of Paris Olympics? A．To help street dancers to get the Olympic prizes. B．To welcome the next Olympics in Los Angeles, America. C．To have more young people’s interests in Olympic sport. D．To advise young people to take part in Olympic sports games. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Breaking: A New Olympic Sport in 2024. B．Breaking: A Modern Dance in America. C．Breaking: A great Olympic Plan in 2018. D．Breaking: A Kind of Popular Street Dance. Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期末） ①Many people think that language makes humans different from other animals. Bertrand Russell, a British philosopher, said in 1948 that people couldn’t think without language. ②However, a recent study shows that language and thinking are actually “much more independent (独立的)” than we believed. ③The study by scientists from the US tried to find out the language-thinking relationship in two ways. First, they studied people with global aphasia (完全失语症). Although they are almost unable to understand or speak, they can still finish hard tasks. “They can even solve math problems as long as the orders are non-verbal (非语言的),” Evelina Fedorenko told ZME Science. ④The researchers also used brain-imaging (脑成像) to study the brains of healthy people. When they were working on non-verbal tasks like planning, the language parts of their brains were mostly not working. ⑤So, if language isn’t necessary for thinking, then why did humans create and keep using it? That’s because language plays an important part in communication (沟通). ⑥“Most of the time, you learned about the world through language, not through your real experience with the world,” Fedorenko said. Without enough time to go everywhere themselves, humans have to share information with the help of language to learn more about the world. ⑦Although we don’t need language to think, the way we speak can greatly decide how we think. For example, “He fired the gun.” in English is usually expressed as “The gun went off.” in Japanese. As a result, English speakers are more likely to care about the person, not the tool, than Japanese speakers, according to Psychology Today. 1．According to the passage, what might a man with global aphasia be able to do? ①learn a foreign language ②work as a teacher ③tell kids stories ④use a pen ⑤work out a math problem ⑥cry or laugh A．①③⑤ B．③④⑤ C．④⑤⑥ D．②⑤⑥ 2．Which idea do you think the writer will agree with? A．Different languages will make people think the same way. B．Speaking more languages can make people become smarter. C．The language parts of the brain work for tasks like planning. D．Language makes it easier for humans to learn about the world. 3．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．Which of the following is similar to the role of language in thinking? A．Water to fish: without water, fish will not be able to live. B．A map to a trip: a map is helpful but not necessary during a trip. C．Summer to winter: they won’t show up together in the same place. D．Two keys to the same door: the two keys can take each other’s place. Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·重庆万州·期末） AI, short for Artificial Intelligence (人工智能), is becoming more and more common in our life. Not long ago, an AI canteen opened in Shanghai. The AI canteen, located in the Hongqiao Area (区), covers about 130 square meters. It can serve about 300 people every day, most of whom are old people living nearby or office workers in the area. At the canteen, people need to order food on a screen. For those who are not sure (确定) what they want to eat, the canteen’s cooking system (系统) can offer advice. The canteen’s robots cook dishes. They can make different kinds of Chinese dishes, like gongbao chicken and mapo toufu. What’s more, the robots can pack (打包) dishes for take-away food. At the self-service area, customers only need to put their dishes on a smart cash desk and the system will tell them the price of the meal. People can pay in different ways, like using bank cards or QR codes (二维码). The prices of the food at the AI canteen are not expensive. Every meat dish costs 8 yuan while every vegetable dish costs only 3.5 yuan. “The meals cooked by robots taste as good as those cooked by humans. It is cheap and convenient for us to eat in the Al canteen,” said an old man. Would you like to have a meal in such a smart canteen? 1．What does the underlined word “canteen” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Bank. B．Supermarket. C．Restaurant. D．Clothes store. 2．How much are a meat dish and two vegetable dishes? A．3.5 yuan. B．11.5 yuan. C．8 yuan. D．15 yuan. 3．What can we know about the AI canteen according to the passage? A．The meals are cooked by humans. B．We can order food on a screen. C．It can serve about 400 people a day. D．We cannot take away the dishes ordered. 4．In which part of a newspaper can we see the passage? A．Sports. B．Travel. C．Science. D．Culture. Passage 5 （24-25八年级上·重庆大渡口·期末） Now City Walk is becoming more and more popular in big cities, like Beijing and Shanghai. Many people think it is really healthy for both our body and mind. People who enjoy city walking and always spend their free time on it are called city walkers. They try to visit many places of interest in a very short time through cities. They enjoy beautiful buildings and great food, taking photos. The most popular reasons for City Walks ★To slow down to learn a city better City Walk seems the best way to see places if you don’t want to rush (匆忙) . It is also a good way for you to enjoy the special city cultures (文化) and all kinds of local (当地的) food and buildings slowly. ★To travel in a cheap way City Walk helps to travel cheaply. You don’t need to pay for transport, such as taxis and subways. Moreover. there is no need to buy tickets for places of interest. ★To make us relaxed You may be tired of your work from Monday to Friday. City Walk might make you forget your work or problems. As one of the coolest ways to explore (探索) a place among young people, City Walk led to a new trend (潮流) to travel. Would you like to have a try? 1．What do people think of City Walk? A．People can visit many places of interest. B．It’s healthy for both people’s body and mind. C．It’s easy for people to spend their free time on weekends. D．People can taste many great food easily during the city walk. 2．Why do people enjoy City Walks? A．To avoid taking photos. B．To rush through the city quickly. C．To spend money on transport. D．To learn about city cultures and food. 3．What percent of city walkers are teenagers under 18? A．17%. B．19%. C．22%. D．28%. 4．What is one benefit (益处) of City Walk mentioned in the text? A．It is a way to meet new friends. B．It helps to travel in an expensive way. C．It allows for relaxation after work. D．It needs to buy tickets for attractions. Passage 6 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期末） ①On December 4, 2024, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), made the Spring Festival a world intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). ②The Spring Festival is one of China’s oldest traditional festivals. “For thousands of years, it has helped to bring Chinese people together and make them proud of their own culture,” said UNESCO. ③As a well-known organization worldwide, UNESCO was set up on November 16, 1945 just after World War Ⅱ. It helps countries work together on education, science and culture to make the world more peaceful. For many years, it has worked on protecting cultural things around the world by putting them on the World Intangible Cultural Heritage List. ④The items on the List must have a history of over one hundred years. And they also need to be important in history, literature, art or science. By 2024, China has already had 44 items on the List. These items show the richness of Chinese culture in a wonderful way. ⑤To get the Spring Festival added to the List, China made lots of preparations. In July 2022, the Ministry of Culture made a team. They put together everything about the start, growth, changes, cultural meanings and ways of celebration of the Spring Festival. After reading what was necessary over and over again, China submitted it to the Intergovernmental Committee (政府间委员会) on March 31, 2023. After waiting for more than one year, good news finally came. ⑥China’s Foreign Ministry spokesman Lin Jian said that the Spring Festival shows the meaning of peace and togetherness. Not only Chinese but also people from many other countries love it deeply. About one in every five people all over the world now celebrates this festival. In the future, China will keep protecting traditional culture so that more people can enjoy the valuable cultural heritage. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By listing some numbers. C．By showing a fact. D．By discussing a question. 2．What’s the main idea of paragraph 3? A．The resolutions of China. B．The meaning of Chinese culture. C．The importance of the List. D．The history and work of UNESCO. 3．Which underlined word has a similar meaning to “submitted” in paragraph 5? A．He accepted the job because he needed a lot of money. B．She finished university last year and became a reporter. C．He followed his father’s example to help the poor kids. D．I gave the teacher my homework on Thursday morning. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．China prepared a lot to get the Spring Festival added to the List. B．Maybe there will be more Chinese traditions on the List in the future. C．20% of the people around the world now celebrate the Spring Festival. D．China will only keep protecting its own traditional culture in the future. Passage 7 （24-25八年级上·重庆垫江·期末） ①A long time ago, people were very different from the way we are now. For example, if you find a really old house somewhere, you will see that the doors are usually much lower than they are today. Why? Because hundreds of years ago, people were shorter. Over time, the human body has changed a lot. ②Can we expect the human body to keep changing in the future? For sure, and the main reason is that we have more and more technology (科技), and it’s changing how we live. Here are some possible changes. ③In the future, people will probably be even taller. Most of us now have much better food than people in the past, so we grow more. But we will get weaker (弱的) in more than one way. Our muscles (肌肉) will not be as strong as now, because we won’t do lots of physical work. ④We are already using our feet less, and our hands more (think about cars and computers). So we can expect that our legs will get shorter and our feet smaller. At the same time, our fingers (手指) will get longer. And our fingers and eyes will both get better, because they will have to do more work together. ⑤What about the mouth? It will get smaller, because we needn’t talk so much with the help of technology. And last but not least—people won’t have much hair on their bodies as now, because we don’t need it to keep ourselves warm anymore. ⑥Will all these things happen? And if so, when? These are questions that no one can answer for sure. 1．What will our muscles be like in the future according to the passage? A．They will be weaker than now. B．They will get better. C．They will be as strong as now. D．We won’t have muscles on our bodies. 2．The underlined word “they” in the fourth paragraph refers to (指代) _________. A．legs and feet B．fingers C．eyes D．fingers and eyes 3．If we put the passage into 3 parts, which of the following is the best? A．①②;③④;⑤⑥ B．①;②;③④⑤⑥ C．①②③;④⑤;⑥ D．①②;③④⑤;⑥ 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Terrible Future B．Changing Bodies C．Future Technology D．How to live a life Passage 8 （24-25八年级上·重庆渝中·期末） If you have problems, what do you usually do with them? Years ago, if a teenager had some problems in his life, he might write about them in his diary. Now a teenager might surf the Internet and write about his problems in his blog (博客). In some ways, a diary and a blog are almost the same. What makes a blog different from a diary? The biggest difference is that a blog is much more public than a diary. If you write a blog, anyone can read it. So it has some problems. The biggest problem is that anyone can read what you write. For example, if I am angry with a friend during school and write something bad about him in a diary, he will never know. However, if I write something bad about a friend in a blog, that friend may read my blog and cry. So we must be very careful. Blogs have upsides, of course. If I feel lonely and write “Nobody cares about me” in my diary, no one will know about it. However, if I write the same words in my blog, my friends will quickly reply and tell me how much they like me. A blog helps people keep in touch with their friends. So every coin has two sides. Both writing a diary and a blog have their good points and bad points. It’s important for you to choose a good and safe way to solve your problems. If you really like writing blogs, you need to make sure you use it in a right way. 1．What makes a blog different from a diary? A．A blog is a book on the Internet. B．A blog is only for family. C．A blog is written at home. D．A blog is for everyone to see. 2．What does the word “upsides” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Good things. B．Terrible things. C．Strange things. D．Small things. 3．What will happen if you write about feeling lonely on a blog according to this passage? A．Your parents will be angry. B．Nobody will know your feelings. C．You can make more friends with others. D．Your friends can tell you they care about you. 4．What does this passage mainly tell us? A．How to make friends by writing blogs. B．How to keep your secrets in your diary. C．The differences between a diary and a blog. D．The reasons why the writer likes diaries. Passage 9 （24-25八年级上·重庆长寿·期末） The erhu is a traditional (传统的) Chinese musical instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family. In the Song Dynasty (宋朝), it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an important instrument in different folk music. Now it is used in both traditional and modern music. The erhu used to be played by common people. But few records about the erhu can be found. To study the history and the development (发展) of the erhu, historians (历史学家) usually turn to old paintings, sculptures and murals (雕塑和壁画). Because of so many people’s hard work, the erhu becomes more and more popular around the world. In fact, we can hear the sound of the erhu in many famous movies, such as Kungfu Panda in 2012 and Up in the Air in 2023. When people watch these movies, they also enjoy the special music of the erhu. The erhu is also called “Chinese violin”, but in many ways, they are quite different. 1．When did erhu become popular? A．In the Song Dynasty. B．In the Ming Dynasty. C．In the Qing Dynasty. D．In 2012. 2．Why does the erhu become more and more popular? A．Because of the instrument violin. B．Because of many people’s hard work. C．Because of the earliest pictures of this instrument. D．Because of many famous films with the erhu music. 3．Why did the writer write the last paragraph? A．To show the erhu is very popular. B．To give examples of famous erhu music. C．To show the history of erhu music. D．To tell us the erhu is different from violin. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．The Traditional and Modern Music. B．The Special Chinese Musical Instrument. C．The Development of the Erhu Music. D．The Sound of the Erhu in Many Movies. Passage 10 （24-25八年级上·重庆巫山·期末） Mind Your Table Manners (礼仪) ! Table manners are different in different countries. How to be a good guest? Here is something for each one of us. Before Dinner 1. Come to the table with your face and hands clean. 2. Stay seated and sit up straight. 3. Don’t bring your phone to the table During Dinner1. Start eating when everyone else does. 2. No talking with your mouth full. 3. Say “please” when you ask people to help you with something. After Dinner1. Give thanks for the food and to the host (主人) . 2. Help with cleaning the table. 1．You can’t bring your ________ to the table before dinner. A．food B．drinks C．dog D．phone 2．According to the passage if you want to talk during dinner, you should ________. A．finish the food in your mouth first B．say “please” C．start talking when everyone else does D．talk to the host 3．After dinner, it’s polite to say thanks to the ________. A．guest B．host C．friend D．cleaner Passage 11 （24-25八年级上·重庆渝中·期末） ①Do you want to take the flying taxi in the rush hour, getting where you want to go much faster than you could in a car? ②Air taxis are taking a big step now. In June, a company (公司) called Joby Aviation tested their new air taxi. Joby has been making and testing flying taxis since 2017. ③Joby says, their taxis are both quieter and cheaper than helicopters (直升机). The air taxi will be flown by a pilot and can carry four other passengers. It can fly as fast as 320 kilometers per hour and can go around 160 kilometers before it needs to be recharged (充电). ④Joby thinks they will start carrying passengers for money by 2025. They expect to charge(收费) about $3 a mile at first. But over time, they hope to bring the price down to less than $1 per mile. ▲ Joby also expects their air taxis can give a ride-sharing service in the air. Just like you might use an app to order a car to pick you up, you could use án app to order an air taxi. ⑤But there’s still a lot to do before air taxis become common. For one thing, governments need to make rules about where, when, and how these taxis can fly. And as exciting as the idea of flying taxis is, some people have worries about them. The taxis may be quieter than helicopters, but they’ll still be adding noise and traffic to the skies. Some people think that only rich people will be able to afford (支付得起) to use them in the future. 1．How many people can the air taxi carry at one time? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 2．What will probably happen with air taxis in the future? A．There will be air taxis everywhere. B．They will be as loud as helicopters. C．More people will be able to use them. D．There won’t be cars in the future. 3．Which sentence can be put in ▲ in Paragraph 4? A．This makes it easy for many people to fly. B．But, some people worry about safety. C．So, flying will cost more money. D．Air taxis will be more popular than cars. 4．What is the best structure (结构) of this passage? A． B． C． D． 主题04 人与社会-生活策略 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆南岸·期末） ①The first Yonghui Supermarket in Chongqing to use the Pangdonglai model has been very successful. After the store was renewed, over 180,000 visitors came to shop and made 5.13 million yuan in sales in just three days—five times more than last year. ②Pangdonglai is famous for its high-quality products (高质量的产品) and great customer (someone who shops in the supermarket) services. Yonghui has used this idea in their supermarket and make changes in the New Yonghui. ③The new Yonghui has more products, like the products from Chongqing and high-quality products, some of which come from Pangdonglai. The supermarket also added fresh food and a self-service kitchen. ④Besides, the supermarket improved services by adding special glasses for older customers, special bags for fresh food, and help with seafood. It also added, a rest room, a baby care room, and a pet place. ⑤Mo Yuanming an expert from Chongqing Technology and Business University, said that the changing business environment in Chongqing and the popularity of Pangdonglai are also important reasons for the success of the new Yonghui. ⑥As we all know, in recent years the retail industry (零售业) has faced problems because of the growth of online shopping, group buying, and too many products. To better meet customers’ needs, traditional supermarket in Chongqing start to move from centering on “products” to centering on “customers.” This change brings a great chance to Yonghui. It takes actions quickly and the new Yonghui becomes successful by using Pangdonglai’s customer-first new model. What’s more, Yonghui plans to use this model in more of its stores. ⑦ ▲ Experts like Liao Chenglin say that although Pangdonglai’s success is wonderful, simply using the model may not solve the main problems of traditional supermarkets. Long-term success will come from non-stop improvement, better products, and meeting customer needs. 1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To introduce the history of Yonghui Supermarket. B．To explain the competition Yonghui faces in the market. C．To describe the success of the new Yonghui Supermarket. D．To show the customers of the new Yonghui Supermarket. 2．Why did the writer mention Mo Yuanming in Paragraph 5? A．To tell that more supermarkets will learn from Pangdonglai. B．To tell that people’s lives are becoming better and better. C．To introduce the problems of the traditional supermarkets. D．To introduce more reasons for the success of Yonghui. 3．Which sentence can be put in the ▲ ? A．But can this new model bring more and more successes? B．However, are customers happy with Yonghui’s changes? C．Pangdonglai certainly will always be popular in Chongqing. D．Luckily, more Pangdonglai-like stores will be in use here. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆江北·期末） Imagine (设想) you are going to give a speech the next day. The night before you spend a lot of time thinking about it over and over again. Well, you might be overthinking. Overthinking means going over the same idea again and again, thinking about the simplest things or events too much. Some people think that overthinking may be helpful because it helps us look at a problem from every possible (可能的) side and get ready for what might happen. However, scientists say that overthinking can make us feel worried and unhappy. What’s worse, overthinking might result in a problem with how you get on with others. As you think the worst or worry about every little thing others do and say, you might misunderstand them. So, when you are sitting or thinking about a problem again and again, try to find something else to do. For example, you will find better ways to solve the problem while you’re doing something relaxing, like gardening (园艺). Also, when you find yourself overthinking, ask yourself if these ideas are meaningful. It can be hard at first, but when you come to know you are overthinking, it can help you make a change. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By giving an example. C．By listing numbers. D．By asking a question. 2．Who is suffering from (遭受) overthinking? A．Jack, a boy who reads his favorite book again and again. B．Peter, a boy who enjoys studying with his friend together. C．Mary, a girl who can’t stop worrying about the math test next month. D．Jenny, a girl who plays on her phone over eight hours every weekend. 3．Which of the following is a good way to stop overthinking? A．Planting some flowers and watering them. B．Thinking about another serious problem. C．Lying in the bed without your eyes closed. D．Thinking over each word your friends say. 4．What does the passage want to tell us? A．The importance of happiness. B．How to see and stop overthinking. C．What makes people feel happy. D．Overthinking can be good sometimes. 主题05 人与社会-科技 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆江北·期末） ①What will our life be like in 50 years? Although we don’t know the answer, we believe that it will be very different from the life today. In the future, I think we will live on Mars. Here is what life will be like there. ②First of all, transport should be much better. Now, our spaceships (宇宙飞船) are too slow to carry lots of people to space—it takes months. However, in the future, it will take us two or three days to get to Mars by spaceship! ③Life on Mars may allow people to have more free time. Many people believe that robots will do most of our work, so we will have more time for our hobbies. ④How about the food, water, and air people need to live? Scientists will be able to develop plants that can be grown on Mars. These plants will produce (产出) the food and air we need. However, can these plants give water to us? There is no answer now. ⑤There are also some problems for us. Mars pulls us much less than the Earth does. This will be dangerous because we can easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space. To stop this, humans on Mars have to wear special shoes to put on weight (重量). What’s more, food will look like pills (药片) and will not be as delicious as it is today. Also, space travel may make many people feel ill. 1．What will the future space ship be like? A．It will be much slower. B．It will become much faster. C．It will be more expensive. D．It can carry people to any place. 2．What does the underlined word “this” refer to? A．Flying away into space. B．Becoming much heavier. C．Looking more beautiful. D．Eating too many pills. 3．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 4．Who may be interested in this passage? A．Miss Xie, a traveler, who tries to fly around the world. B．Ms Liang, a reporter, who loves reading history books. C．Mr. Smith, a food service worker, who studies food plants. D．Ann, a student, who wants to learn about life in outer space. Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆丰都·期末） ①Most people want to know how the future world will be. ②When they dream about the future, many people like to think of having a flying car. With such a car, they could fly 480km an hour without traffic lights. However, some people believe there will be problems with traffic control. If flying cars become popular, there is likely to be air jam (堵塞). What will also happen if the cars stop working? They must face these problems if flying cars are used in the future. ③3D printing (打印) is another new technology (技术) with exciting possibilities. 3D printers are used to build an object (物体) with liquid plastic. They build the object layer (层) by layer until it is done. Many car companies (公司) are now using 3D printers to make life-size models of car parts, and medical companies use the technology to make man-made body parts. As they move into the future, 3D printing will greatly change the way they shop, the way they produce goods and the way they treat illness. 3D printers are useful in many ways, but such an equipment (设备) will be very expensive. ④Looking ahead, they will be able to fly to work or print out new shoes. There are some problems to solve before this is possible, but they can certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people. 1．How many new technologies will appear according to (根据……) the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．What is the passage mainly about? A．The technology of 3D printing. B．The air traffic jam. C．Flying cars. D．The world of future. 3．What does the underlined word “They” refer to (指的是)? A．Body parts. B．3D printers. C．Flying cars. D．Car companies. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·重庆江津·期末） Water is important for all living things on Earth. The water cycle (循环) is like a big circle (圈). Nature makes it with water. It happens all year long, but it’s most busy from March to June in China. We’re going to learn about this cycle and why it’s so important. The water cycle always begins with water vapour (蒸汽). On hot days, water vapour comes from the ground (大地), plants, and rivers. The water vapour goes up, gets cold, and turns into clouds. After that, the clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow. Then, water goes into rivers and seas, and finally it comes back to the ground again in different ways, like rain or snow. The water cycle gives us water to drink and keeps our weather healthy. It also moves water from river or seas to places. Without the water cycle, we would have big problems. Water cycle can keep our Earth cool and alive (充满活力的). Learning about the water cycle helps us know how nature works. We should find better ways to take care of our Earth. 1．When is the water cycle most busy in China? A．From January to February. B．From March to June. C．From July to September. D．From October to December. 2．What is the right order (顺序) of the water cycle according to the text? A．Water vapour→Rain/Snow→Clouds→Rivers and Seas B．Water Vapour→Clouds→Rain/Snow→Rivers and Seas→Ground C．Rain/Snow→Ground→Water Vapour→Clouds→Rain/ Snow D．Clouds→Water Vapour→Ground→Rain/Snow→Clouds 3．Why is the water cycle important to Earth? A．Because it brings people warm weather. B．Because it cleans the air and the ground. C．Because it makes the weather nice. D．Because it keeps Earth warm. 4．Which of the following could be the best title (标题) for the passage? A．The Importance of Drinking Water B．The Different Kinds of Clouds C．How to Save Water D．Understanding the Water Cycle Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·重庆忠县·期末） ① In the past, scientists made a study on if online brain (大脑) games could improve people’s IQ. They asked more than 8, 600 people aged 18 to 60 to play online brain games to improve their memory, reasoning and other skills, for at least 10 minutes a day, three times a week. The scientists compared (比较) them with more than 2, 700 people who didn’t play any brain games, but spent the same time surfing the Internet. All of them took an “IQ test” before and after the study. ② Scientists found even though those people did the brain training, they didn’t do any better in the test after six weeks than people who just surfed the Internet. “If you’re playing these games like SNAKE (贪吃蛇) because they’re fun, that’s fine.” said Adrian Owen, the study’s leader. “But if you expect these games to improve your IQ, our studies show they don’t work.” ③ They also found that millions of people all over the world played brain games in order to improve memory, reasoning and other thinking skills, though few studies found that the brain games worked. Not many studies showed the skills used in these brain games could transfer (迁移) to the real world. ④ The professor, Kramer, said people would be better to get some exercise. He said physical activities could help make new brain cells (细胞) . Doing exercise is far more useful than playing brain games. ⑤ Other experts said brain games might be useful, ▲ . “If you set these games to a very high level (水平) so that you don’t get the answers very often and they really make you upset, then it may be useful.” said Philip. ⑥ If people are enjoying the brain games, they may not get enough challenge (挑战) and might be playing a common video game as well. Philip said, “People should think about learning a new language or sport if they really want to improve their brain power.” “Computer games are not an easy shortcut (捷径). Getting smart is hard work.” he added. 1．What can we infer (推断) from the studies in the article? A．Many studies show that brain games are useful ways of improving IQ. B．Not many studies suggest the skills used in these brain games transfer to the real world. C．People may get smarter if they do physical activities such as running and swimming. D．Surfing the Internet is more useful in improving IQ than playing brain games. 2．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲ ? A．but you should practice more often B．but only if they were very difficult C．but only if they were interesting D．but you should learn from your mistakes 3．The structure of the article may be ________. A． B． C． D． 4．What is the best title for the article? A．Does Playing Brain Games Make You Smarter? B．Is Getting Smarter as Easy as Playing Games? C．How Can We Play Brain Games Well? D．How Can We Get Smarter? 主题06 人与自然-动植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆万州·期末） Many animals use some kinds of “language”. They use signals (信号), and the signals have meanings. For example, if a bee (蜜蜂) finds some food, it goes back to its home quickly. It can’t speak, so it is difficult for a bee to tell its friends where the food is, but it can do a little dancing. This tells the other bees where the food is. Some animals show how they feel by making sounds (声音). When a dog is barking (吠叫), it is easy to know if it is angry. Birds make different sounds and each has its meaning. Sometimes we make sounds in the same way. When something hits (撞击) us on the head, we make sounds like “oh” to show how we feel. Maybe all animals have their languages, but we just don’t know. 1．What is a bee’s “language”? A．Singing. B．Walking. C．Dancing. D．Flying. 2．How many kinds of animals are mentioned (提及) in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．How can birds talk with their friends? A．By climbing. B．By singing. C．By drawing. D．By swimming. 4．Which is the best title (题目) for the passage? A．Language B．A Bee’s Language C．Man’s Language D．Animal’s Language Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆潼南·期末） Long ago, when the God first planted a tree in the garden, it was full of energy and kept moving. Then the God pulled the tree out and planted it upside down to make sure it stayed in one place. What’s the tree? It’s the Baobab tree, also called monkey bread tree, bottle tree or others. The Baobab tree is a strange looking tree that grows in Africa and Australia. Just like its name “Bottle Tree”, it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air. But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out. Later the flowers can turn into fruit. Baobab is called “the tree of life”, because they can live longer than 1000 years old. In the dry land, the baobab can pull in and hold 1000 gallons of water. Thirsty people can drink the water stored in the tree. The fruit, monkey bread, is good to eat. Baobab leaves are a kind of medicine. People can use the bark (树皮) to make paper or cloth. When a baobab gets old, its trunk becomes hollow. An old tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. It is such a useful tree, some people could hardly live without it. 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By asking a question. B．By showing a story. C．By singing a song. D．By giving an example. 2．Which of the following pictures is the baobab in the dry season? A． B． C． D． 3．Which word is close to the meaning of the underlined (划线) word “hollow” in Paragraph 3? A．dirty B．modern C．empty D．useful 4．What can we infer from the text about the Baobab tree? A．It is useless in the rainy season. B．It has no value (价值) for the local people. C．It is very important for the local people. D．It is only used for building houses. Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·重庆合川·期末） Long long ago, when the God first planted a tree in the garden, it was full of energy and kept moving. Then the God pulled the tree out and planted it upside down to make sure it stayed in one place. What’s the tree? It’s the Baobab tree, also called monkey bread tree, bottle tree or others. The Baobab tree is a strange looking tree that grows in Africa and Australia. Just like its name “Bottle Tree”, it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air. But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out. Later the flowers can turn into fruit. Baobab is called “the tree of life”, because they can live longer than 1000 years old. In the dry land, the baobab can pull in and hold 1000 gallons of water. Thirsty people can drink the water stored in the tree. The fruit, monkey bread, is good to eat. Baobab leaves are a kind of medicine. People can use the bark (树皮) to make paper or cloth. When a baobab gets old, its trunk becomes hollow. An old tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. It is such a useful tree, some people could hardly live without it. 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By asking a question. B．By showing a story. C．By singing a song. D．By giving an example. 2．Which of the following pictures is the baobab in the dry season? A． B． C． D． 3．Which word is close to the meaning of the underlined word “hollow” in paragraph 3? A．Dirty. B．Modern. C．Empty. D．Useful. 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．God and Baobab B．What Does Baobab Like in a Year C．Baobab’s Trunk, Leaves and Fruit D．A Special Tree—Baobab 主题01 人与自我-文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆丰都·期末） Is life getting you tired or worried? Don’t let it! Try yoga. Feel good again. What’s your problem? Your brother is messing up (弄乱) your room again; your mother always asks you to study all the time; there will be two exams tomorrow. You feel tired all the time. If this sounds like you, give yoga a try. ______ Yoga has been around for thousands of years. It’s a kind of sport like a full set of exercises by sitting quietly and doing some movements to improve strength (体力). Yoga can help relax both your body and mind. Why is yoga popular? Almost anyone can practice yoga and it is liked by many people. Not only can it drive your tiredness away but it can also make you less worried, meaning you can confidently (自信地) face all that life throws at you. Where do I do it? You can practice yoga anywhere you can put your mat (垫子) down and relax. But first you should join a class to learn the basic (基础的) movements—and how to practice them safely. And in the yoga class, you can also ask the teacher for help at very beginning. What will I be doing? You will begin by learning a lot of simple movements that increase (增加) your flexibility (柔韧度) by building your body strength so that you’ll be stronger. You will learn to control your breathing, relax your mind. So what are you waiting for? Why don’t you get out there and try it? 1．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ______? A．Who does yoga? B．When do I do it? C．What is yoga? D．How do I do it? 2．According to the passage, which of the followings is TRUE? A．Practicing yoga can make you pass the exam at school easily. B．Yoga can relax your body and make your mind peace. C．The best place to put your mat is by the sea with clear air. D．You should stop breathing while doing some movements. 3．What is the purpose (目的) in writing this passage? A．To make people be peace with family. B．To increase people’s flexibility. C．To let more people do yoga. D．To control people’s mind. 4．In which part of newspaper, we can read the passage? A．Culture and life B．News and hot spots C．Science and invention D．Sports and health Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆开州·期末） Your favorite color can show a lot about your personality (性格). The form below explains the relationship between colors and personalities. Green is the color of peace and hope. Kind and peaceful people are often interested in green. They love nature, their families, friends and pets. It is the color for the garden lover and the home lover. The color blue means trust, responsibility (责任) and honesty. Blue lovers can be caring, soft, patient, and also be good at self-control. They are often respected for their wisdom. On the other hand, it’s possible that they worry too much. White offers a sense of peace and calm. As a symbol (象征) of purity, it’s often connected with perfection, honesty and cleanliness. A “white” person can be wise, self-controlled, and a great help when you are in need. The color red stands for liveliness and health. People with an outgoing personality like red better. They are active, open and brave. However, “red” people aren’t good at self-check. They can’t often realize their weakness. Yellow stands for imagination (想象), happiness, joy and wisdom. Yellow lovers usually have a sunny personality and a strong sense of humour. A “yellow” person may at times be a little bit careless, but his communication skills are excellent. 1．Miss Green loves green best, so she may ________. A．get angry easily B．treat her pets badly C．have few friends in life D．be interested in gardening 2．________ colors are mentioned (被提及) in this passage. A．Three B．Four C．Five D．Six 3．Yellow lovers are good at ________. A．self-check B．communication C．self-control D．sports 4．The reading is most probably taken from a ________. A．health report B．book review C．life magazine D．classical novel Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期末） MBTI (性格分类指标) is a personality (性格) test. Many people are very interested in it now. “Am I an ‘I’ person or an ‘E’ person?” “I” means introverted (性格内向的) while “E” means extroverted. A number of people take the test to find out the answer. They find the test helpful. The MBTI test puts people into 16 kinds. People can know what kind of persons they are by taking the test. It can help people have a better understanding of their personality. A greater self-understanding can be helpful in daily life and for interpersonal communication (人际交往), such as choosing a job or getting along with others. There are also some problems. Some people take the test for a second time and get different results. Some people find it difficult to answer some questions. For example, I like watching TV at home by myself. But I also enjoy going camping with my friends. Am I an ‘I’ or an ‘E’? “Personalities can change with time, and they are not black-or-white,” scientists say. You maybe introverted now but become extroverted when you get older. Or, you can be both an “I” and an “E”. You can be anyone you want to be! 1．What does the underlined word “extroverted” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．倔强的 B．外向的 C．有个性的 D．内向的 2．What can people use MBTI for? ①Choosing a job.        ②Fighting with others. ③Making good friends.        ④Understanding themselves better. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 3．What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To tell people personalities can change with time. B．To ask people to do MBTI test. C．To show people the MBTI test is not good. D．To introduce the MBTI test. 4．Where is the passage probably from? A．A storybook. B．A website. C．A travel guide. D．A novel. Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期末） Chinese culture covers quite different kinds of things. It’s very old and has deep meaning Food culture plays an important part in it. Different places in China have their own special foods. Chongqing is a great city in China and it has a very famous food—Chongqing Hot Pot. Chongqing Hot Pot appeared in Chongqing a long time ago. And it dates back in the late Qing Dynasty. At that time, some workers like dock (码头) workers and boat trackers (纤夫) cooked many kinds of things together in a pot. They did this because it was the easiest and fastest way to get the food ready and the weather in winter of Chongqing was wet and cold. And this slowly became the start of hot pot. The hot pot is really special. It has a spicy and numbing (麻的) taste. The bottom of the pot is made by boiling things like peppers, Chinese prickly ash (花椒) and beef tallow (牛油). Peppers make it spicy, Chinese prickly ash makes it numbing and beef tallow makes the taste nice and thick. There are so many things you can put in the hot pot, like tripe, duck intestine, aorta, beef and vegetables. People sit around the hot, steaming pot and put these things into the boiling pot to cook. For example, people usually cook the tripe (牛肚) by moving it up and down in the pot about seven to eight times. Then it becomes really crispy and yummy. The duck intestine (鸭肠) will curl up (蜷缩) after cooking for a few seconds and it tastes really fresh and crispy, too. Chongqing hot pot is amazing. Not only does it show the city’s passion, but also it expresses the Chinese food culture in a hot way. Taste it and let the deliciousness of fun begin! 1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Chinese culture. B．Chongqing Hot Pot. C．Food culture. D．Dock workers. 2．What made the taste of Chongqing Hot Pot numbing? A．Peppers. B．Beef tallow. C．Chinese prickly ash. D．Vegetables. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Dock workers and boat trackers put many things into different pots to cook. B．People usually stand around the pot and put the things into the boiling pot. C．Cooking the duck intestine doesn’t take much time. D．It’s necessary to cook the tripe into the pot for quite a few minutes. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．The Tasty Chongqing B．Hot Pot: A Special Chinese Food C．Foods in Chongqing D．Chinese Culture and Hot Pot 主题02 人与社会-文化习俗 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期末） ①AI tools, like ChatGPT, are becoming very popular for learning languages and doing translation work. ②Some teachers, students, and translators (翻译者) think these AI tools are very useful. Wang Huashu, a teacher at Beijing Foreign Studies University, says AI is changing (改变) the way teachers teach and students learn languages, even the way translators work. ③Teachers can use AI to create real talks for students to practice. Teachers first prepare some topics and then teach students some important sentences. After that, students can practice what they have learned with the AI tools in real life situations (情景). After talking, AI tools will give quick feedback (反馈) on students’ speaking. At last, AI can help to find good reading and listening materials (材料). ④AI also brings a new way to test language skills. In the past, we often used paper tests or talked to someone face to face. But now, because of AI, we can use online tests to see how good someone is at speaking, listening, reading, and writing. ⑤One example is the Duolingo English Test. With this, you can test your English on your own computer or phone. You get your results right away, and it tells you what you did well and what you need to improve. ⑥What’s more, AI tools can translate different languages very quickly, saving people a lot of time. This is very helpful in today’s world. Whether for work, school, or other reasons, AI tools can help people talk to each other in different languages easily. ⑦As AI is used more and more, some translators worry these AI tools will take their jobs. However, Wang Huashu says they don’t need to be too afraid. Because translation is not just about changing words from one language to another. It’s also about sharing culture and creating new understanding. Wang also says AI tools can’t do the creative and caring work that human translators can. 1．Who may be the most interested in this passage? A．Doctors. B．Math teachers. C．Language learners. D．Scientists. 2．Which of the following can match the information in paragraph ③? A． B． C． D． 3．Wang Huashu thinks AI tools are ______ A．useful and caring B．helpful and creative C．smart but not helpful D．useful but not caring 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆合川·期末） Is the Internet good or bad? It’s always a hot topic in our daily life. Different people may have different answers. Since the Internet came into being, it has brought us happiness and tears. Today, let’s take a look at some things that are disappearing as the Internet grows up. When modern people need to record some important things quickly, they don’t find a pen and a piece of paper to write, but to open their mobile phone or computer to record. As a result, it’s common for many people to “pick up the pen but forget words”. Perhaps, in a few years, will pen and paper disappear? As people more and more lose themselves in the online world, the real-looking photos disappear and you can only watch the beautiful pictures on the Internet. If one day you send a real photo in your Wechat Moments, others will even think if it is a photo to make fun. Now anyone can get digital (数字的) maps in a few seconds by using computers or mobile phones. They are easy and fast for users. Do you remember the last time to watch the paper maps? After a busy day for the whole family, people used to watch TV together and share information and express feelings. Nowadays, at home, a person with a mobile phone is the whole world. 1．How do people enjoy recording anything important now? A．By writing it on the paper. B．By remembering it in mind. C．By using the mobile phone or computer. D．By sticking it on the wall. 2．Which of the following best describes (描述) most photos online now? A．Funny and true. B．Beautiful but not real. C．Ugly and wrong. D．Wonderful but not perfect. 3．What does the underlined word “They” refer to in the fifth paragraph? A．Computers. B．Mobile phones. C．Digital maps. D．Paper maps. 4．After you read the text, what can you infer (推断)? A．Most people think the Internet is good. B．People don’t need to learn how to write the words now. C．The paper maps aren’t useful since digital maps appear. D．People prefer playing with the mobile phone instead of talking with families. Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·重庆南岸·期末） Chinese calligraphy (书法) is one of the oldest and most popular art forms in China. It has been practiced for thousands of years, and it is a way to show beauty, thoughts and feelings through brush and ink. Li Hua, a student at Zhongshan Middle School in Beijing, started learning calligraphy when he was just eight years old. His grandfather, who was good at calligraphy, taught him some simple stroke (笔画) and how to hold the brush. At first, Li Hua found it difficult to write the characters correctly. But over time, he began to understand the relationship between the brush and the mind. “Each character tells a story,” Li Hua said, “It’s not just about writing; it’s about feeling and making art.” Through practicing calligraphy, Li Hua has not only improved his handwriting, but he has also learned the ability to stay easy and the importance of tradition. “Calligraphy teaches me to slow down and enjoy the small things in life,” Li Hua said. Today, Chinese calligraphy is still an important part of Chinese culture. We can often see it in art shows, on dressing up for festivals, and even in many new things in the world. For many, it is a way to show Chinese rich history and a love for beauty. 1．Which of the following is Chinese calligraphy? A． B． C． D． 2．Who taught Li Hua to write Chinese calligraphy? A．His grandfather. B．His school teacher. C．His father. D．His friend. 3．What did Li Hua learn from practicing Chinese calligraphy? A．How to get better grades at school. B．How to write stories quickly. C．How to slow down and stay easy. D．How to dress up for festivals. 4．What can we learn about Chinese calligraphy from the passage? A．Chinese calligraphy is the oldest art form in China. B．We can only see Chinese calligraphy in China. C．Chinese students have to learn Chinese calligraphy. D．Chinese calligraphy is much more than just writing. Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·重庆江津·期末） ①There are 56 ethnic (民族的) groups in China. Different ethnic groups have their own special cultures. Let’s enjoy some of them. ②The Bai people, living in Yunnan Province, use a very old way, tie-dye (扎染), to dye clothes. Tie-dye has a history of nearly 1,500 years, famous for its beautiful colors and patterns (图案). During the Tang and Song dynasties (朝代), people chose tie-dyed clothes as gifts. ③The Mongolian people live in large, round tents. The tents can let the air in and out and also keep the warmth. They are the traditional homes of the Mongolian people. The tents are usually white because they’re made of sheep’s wool (羊毛). And white is a symbol of happiness for the Mongolian people. ④The Zhuang people like singing more than talking. They express (表达) their culture and feelings through music. On the third day of the third Chinese lunar (阴历的) month, they have a big singing festival. It is wonderful. Men and women sing in pairs. The winners are the “king (国王)” and “queen (王后) ” of singing. ⑤The Miao people celebrate a special festival called the Manghao Festival. The Manghao Festival is in the first Chinese lunar month each year. The Miao people think Manghao is a hero (英雄) for them. At the festival, young men dress up like Manghao and touch others to send goodwishes. 1．How many ethnic groups are there in China? A．50. B．60. C．66. D．56. 2．What is the tie-dye famous for? A．Its simple patterns. B．Its beautiful colors and patterns. C．Its history. D．Its use. 3．What can you learn from Paragraph (段落) 4? A．The Zhuang people do not enjoy festival. B．The Zhuang people expressed their feelings through dance. C．Singing plays an important role in the culture of the Zhuang people. D．The Zhuang people sing every day. 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2…) A． B． C． D． Passage 5 （24-25八年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末） ①Is it a blog (网络日志) or is it news? Do you know the differences between a blog and a news article? You can find both on many websites, and they may be about the same topic (话题). ②Let’s say you’re looking up information about a new restaurant opening. You might find an article titled “Downtown’s Latest Restaurant ‘Flavor Fusion’ Opens Its Doors,” which reports on the place, opening date, menu pricing, and the cook’s information. At the same time, another post called “My Amazing First Visit to Flavor Fusion!” would share the writer’s personal dining experience, favorite dishes, feelings about the decorations (装潢), and advice on what to order. ③Can you tell which is the news article and which is the blog? Here’s what you need to know. ④News articles give information about facts. They answer the essential (核心的) questions: Who? What? When? Where? Why? and How? News articles are usually more formal (正式). They shouldn’t be influenced (影响) by personal feelings. ⑤However, blogs give ideas and opinions (观点) on something. They may also have information about facts, but the key point is on opinions. Bloggers can write in a free, friendly style and share their own experiences on the topics. They might use “I think” or “I feel” phrases that you hardly see in news articles. ⑥Why is it important to know about different kinds of writing? The more you know, the more quickly you can search (搜寻) for the information you want. If it is facts you are looking for, check a news article. If you want to know what different people think about something, check a blog. ⑦Remember, both blogs and news play important roles. The key is knowing which is which and using them correctly. With this skill, you can make smarter choices about what information to take in. So next time you read something online, take some time to find out if it’s a blog or news article. After all, in this age full of information, being a careful reader is the first step to really becoming knowledgeable. 1．What is the main difference between news and blogs? A．Blogs are usually longer than news. B．News talks about facts and blogs give opinions. C．News articles are only found online. D．Blogs are more interesting to read than news. 2．According to the passage, which of the following is most likely from a news article? A．Ladies and gentlemen, I want to thank you all for being here with us today. B．Friendship’s warm light guides us through the darkness of life’s long night. C．Five famous Chinese writers walk into Chongqing No.1 Secondary School. D．Nobody should miss the most delicious beef noodles here in “Noodle Delight”. 3．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Importance of News and Blogs B．Blogs or News: It’s too Difficult to Choose C．Online Information Search Advice D．Blogs vs. News: Different but both Important 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 6 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期末） Camping was the most popular way of traveling during the recent five-day May Day holiday, especially among young people, according to Chinese tourism website (旅游网站) Mafengwo. The search (搜索) for camping on the Internet increased (增加) most in Sichuan and Chongqing, and many people looked for camping road trips and beautiful natural views there. People loved local and short trips most. While those in Guangdong Province liked to go for a picnic at campsites (营地), mountain views were the most interesting to travelers in Guizhou Province. Both young people and those traveling with children thought that camping was a way to feel nature and enjoy outdoor activities such as riding and paddle boarding (桨板冲浪), and they liked to visit the Gobi Desert and the sea better, The most popular one was Sichuan and Xizang of National Highway 318, Hulunbuir Grassland and Hainan Island. Five-star hotels also gave lower prices and special experiences (经历) to the local travelers during the holiday, such as cooking. Feng Rao, one of the workers in Mafengwo, said that young people want to pay for such special experiences. They are more interested in choosing the local hotels. Camping was the most popular among Chinese travelers during the 2024 May Day holiday according to Chinese tourism website Mafengwo. 1．How could the travelers get information about camping during May Day holiday according to the text? A．By watching TV. B．By making a call. C．By reading books. D．By searching on the Internet. 2．What does the underlined word “those” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指的是)? A．Trips. B．People. C．Internet. D．Camping. 3．What can we infer (推断) from Paragraph 3? A．The local travelers could enjoy special experiences. B．The local travelers couldn’t enjoy lower hotel prices. C．There were not any food for the local travelers in the hotels. D．The old would like to pay for special experiences. 4．What is the correct structure (结构) of the text? (P1= Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． 主题03 人与自然-动植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆南岸·期末） Bees (蜜蜂) are small but very important animals in nature. They play a key role in pollination (授粉), which helps plants grow and have more fruits. Without bees, many of the foods we eat, like apples, strawberries and pears, would not be able to grow. Bees are famous for their ability to fly from flower to flower, getting pollen (花粉). When they move from one flower to another, they take pollen to other places. This is of great importance for plants and even the environment. In the last few years, however, the number of bees is falling. This is mainly because of their losing of the places to live, overuse of chemicals (化学品), and the warmer earth. If this goes on, it could lead to serious problems for both humans and nature. To protect bees, people can plant more flowers, cut down the use of chemicals in farming and save trees. By doing so, we can make sure that bees keep on doing their important work and our environment stays healthy. 1．Why are bees important according to the passage? A．Because they make honey. B．Because they help plants grow. C．Because they like flowers. D．Because they are busy working. 2．What does the underlined word “this” refer to? A．Fewer places to live. B．Too much use of chemicals. C．Fewer and fewer bees. D．The earth getting warmer. 3．What can people do to protect bees? A．Cut down the use of chemicals. B．Move bees to other places. C．Grow fewer flowers and trees. D．Stop eating apples and pears 4．In which part of a magazine can you probably read this passage? A．Art. B．Sports. C．History. D．Animals. Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆丰都·期末） Long ago, when the God first planted a tree in the garden, it was full of energy and kept moving. Then the God pulled the tree out and planted it upside down (颠倒；倒转) to make sure it stayed in one place. What’s the tree? It’s the Baobab tree, also called monkey bread tree, bottle tree or others. The Baobab tree is a strange looking tree that grows in Africa and Australia. Just like its name “Bottle Tree”, it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air. But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out. Later the flowers can turn into fruit. Baobab is called “the tree of life”; because they can live longer than 1000 years old. In the dry land, the baobab can pull in and hold 3790 liters (升) of water. Thirsty people can drink the water stored in the tree. The fruit, monkey bread, is good to eat. Baobab leaves are a kind of medicine. People can use the bark (树皮) to make paper or cloth. When a baobab gets old, its trunk becomes hollow. An old tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. It is such a useful tree, some people could hardly live without it. 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By asking a question. B．By showing a story. C．By singing a song. D．By giving an example. 2．Which of the following pictures is the baobab in the dry season? A． B． C． D． 3．What does the underlined word “hollow” mean in the passage? A．肮脏的 B．现代的 C．空的 D．丑陋的 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．God and Baobab B．Baobab’s Hollow C．Baobab’s Trunk, Leaves and Fruit D．A Special Tree—Baobab 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解-说明文 主题01 人与自我-文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆石柱·期末） Black Myth: Wukong was very popular in 2024. A well-known Chinese company (公司) developed it. It came out on August 20, 2024 and has become very popular since then. It is from the famous Chinese novel Journey to the West, one of the Four Great Classical Novels (名著). In Black Myth: Wukong, you can follow the risks of the Monkey King, Wukong. The story begins with Wukong waking up from a long sleep. He finds that the world has changed and there are new monsters (妖怪) to face. As he begins his journey, he has to meet all kinds of difficulties. As you play, you will find that it has wonderful scenes (场景). You can see beautiful mountains, deep forests, amazing lakes and old buildings. They are so colorful that you can put all yourself into Black Myth: Wukong. With the help of his magic stick, Wukong is brave and powerful. And he can change himself into different shapes. He fights against monsters to help the weak and protect the world. Black Myth: Wukong is fun and you can see traditional Chinese clothing and buildings, which make you step into a fairy tale (童话) world. BUT DON’T PLAY TOO MUCH! 1．What is Black Myth: Wukong from? A．A Western story. B．A Chinese novel. C．An English play. D．An American movie. 2．What does Wukong find after waking up? A．The world is the same as before. B．There are no monsters anymore. C．The world has changed. D．He has lost his magic stick. 3．What makes people put themselves into Black Myth: Wukong according to the passage? A．The new monsters. B．The wonderful scenes. C．The magic stick. D．The difficulties. 4．What can people probably learn from Black Myth: Wukong? A．Picture making. B．Writing skills. C．Chinese culture. D．Modern museums. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了由中国公司开发的热门游戏《黑神话：悟空》，其基于名著《西游记》改编，讲述了孙悟空在变化后的世界中冒险并与妖怪战斗的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“It is from the famous Chinese novel Journey to the West, one of the Four Great Classical Novels (名著).”可知，《黑神话：悟空》源自一本中国小说。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The story begins with Wukong waking up from a long sleep. He finds that the world has changed and there are new monsters (妖怪) to face.”可知，悟空醒来发现世界改变了。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“As you play, you will find that it has wonderful scenes (场景).”和“They are so colorful that you can put all yourself into Black Myth: Wukong.”可知，游戏中有很多精彩的场景，它们是如此丰富多彩，以至于你能完全沉浸其中。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Black Myth: Wukong is fun and you can see traditional Chinese clothing and buildings, which make you step into a fairy tale (童话) world.”可知，《黑神话：悟空》十分有趣，在其中你能看到中国传统服饰与建筑，由此推知人们能在这个游戏中了解中国文化。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆石柱·期末） ①Marathons have a long history. Nowadays marathons (马拉松) are more and more popular. A new survey shows that about 414 marathon races took place across China last year. On October 20, 2024, there were 22 marathons and half-marathons. More than 300, 000 runners took part in them on that day. ②Why are marathons so popular? Because they’re not just about running long distances (距离), they’re about being healthy, making friends, and having adventures (冒险)! ③Running in a marathon can help to make our hearts and lungs stronger. When we run, we feel happier and less worried. ④Also, we meet lots of different people who also love to run. It’s like a big party full of many runners. Sometimes, we run marathons to help raise money for people in need. It’s a way to do something good and have fun at the same time. ⑤Marathons are like going on an adventure. We get to run through new cities and see beautiful places we’ve never been to before. It’s like going on a school trip, but with running shoes! ⑥If you’re thinking about joining a marathon, that’s cool! Start running a little bit every day and slowly increase (增加) how far you go. Wear the right shoes, not too big or small. To run your best, you need to eat healthy food. Most importantly, every runner is different, so you should always listen to your body—if you’re feeling too tired, it’s okay to take a break or slow down. 1．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 1? A．Marathons have a long history. B．Marathons are popular nowadays. C．Runners are worried about the races. D．Runners are having fun in races. 2．What advice does the writer give about preparing for a marathon? A．Run as fast as you can every day. B．Wear expensive running shoes. C．Start running a little bit every day. D．Eat any food as you like. 3．Which of the following is the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What's the writer’s attitude (态度) towards marathons? A．He thinks there are too many marathon races. B．He thinks there is no need to join marathon races. C．He agrees marathons are easy for us to take. D．He agrees marathons are good for body and mind. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了马拉松，涉及它的好处及跑马拉松前的准备等。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段有总写“Marathons are more and more popular”，再到罗列数字来表示马拉松参与度很大，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第六段第二句话 “Start running a little bit every day and slowly increase how far you go.”，开始每天跑一点点距离，故选C。 3．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段引出话题“Marathons are more and more popular”，到第二段指向原因，并给出了三个关键词分别对应第三、四、五自然段。第六段是对参加马拉松比赛的注意事项说明。结合所给选项，故选B。 4．观点态度题。从文章大量篇幅在讲马拉松的好处，可以推断出作者是支持大家参加马拉松，并且对身心健康有帮助，故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·重庆万州·期末） Tea is a favorite drink around the world, and the drink has a long history of over 5000 years in China. A lot of people like to drink tea, because it is good for health. Some people drink Pu’re tea after dinner, it helps them sleep better at night. Tea is not hard to make. First, heat (加热) some water. 1 Second, put tea leaves (叶子) in a teacup. 2 Third, pour hot water into the teacup. 3 Finally, wait a few minutes and enjoy your tea. Try to make tea and drink more. It can help you live a long life! A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍茶及如何沏茶。 1．根据“Second, put tea leaves (叶子) in a teacup.”可知，把茶叶放在茶杯里，与图片C相符。故选C。 2．根据“Third, pour hot water into the teacup.”可知，把热水倒茶杯里，与图片D相符。故选D。 3．根据“Finally, wait a few minutes and enjoy your tea.”可知，最后喝茶，与图片A相符。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期末） People have been celebrating birthdays for years. The song, Happy Birthday to You, first came out in the late 1800s. However, the song isn’t sung in every country. People in different countries celebrate birthdays differently. In the USA, a birthday cake is important for the celebration. Candles are put on top of the cake. ① The birthday person makes a wish and tries to blow out all the candles in one go and the wish may “come true”. The birthday person usually opens the gifts at the party, and often sends a message of thanks to the people who send him or her gifts. In the past, Chinese people only celebrate some birthdays: the first, 10th, 60th, 70th, and 80th. The Chinese people believe that when a person reaches the age of 60, he or she has completed a full cycle (循环) of life. On this birthday, the person’s children, grandchildren, and other family members try their best to come together to express congratulations (祝贺). Food usually includes a bowl of long-life noodles. ② In Egypt (埃及), family and friends are invited to a party and people sing and dance. People usually bring flowers and fruit to the party. ③ Young Egyptian children only take part in the 7-5-3 birthday celebrations. Because children often died young in old times, when a boy reaches the age of five, or a girl reaches the ages of three and seven, the child puts on his or her best clothes and goes to the shrine (神殿) to give thanks for health. The child may get a bag of candy on that day. These are just a few of the many different birthday traditions around the world. Each tradition brings good wishes and meanings to the birthday person. 1．The following sentences a, b, c are from ①, ②, ③, which is the right match? a. One candle means each year of the person’s life. b. They are seen as symbols of life and growth. c. Long noodles mean a long life for the birthday person. A．①—a; ②—b; ③—c B．①—b; ②—a; ③—c C．①—c; ②—a; ③—b D．①—a; ②—c; ③—b 2．According to the birthday traditions, which one is NOT right? A．The American boy Tom opened his gifts at his birthday party. B．Li Hua’s grandpa ate a bowl of long noodles at his birthday party. C．The Egyptian girl Alma had a big birthday party at the age of 5. D．Family and friends often sing and dance at birthday parties in Egypt. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．An Egyptian child may get some candies on his or her birthday. B．If you blow out all the candles in one go and the wish will come true. C．In the past, Chinese people thought the 60th birthday was very important. D．Chinese people usually get some money as a gift at their birthday parties. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．Better Celebrations, Better Life B．Different Traditions, the Same Wish C．Birthday Parties Around the World D．How Birthday Traditions Develop 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界各地不同的生日传统，每一种传统都表达了对寿星的美好祝愿。 1．推理判断题。根据“Candles are put on top of the cake.”可知，蛋糕上插蜡烛，句子a“一根蜡烛代表这个人生命中的一岁”与之对应；根据“Food usually includes a bowl of long-life noodles.”可知，食物通常包括一碗长寿面，句子c“长长的面条寓意着过生日的人长命百岁”与之对应；根据“People usually bring flowers and fruit to the party”可知，人们通常会带鲜花和水果去参加聚会，句子b“它们被视为生命与成长的象征”与之对应。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“when a boy reaches the age of five, or a girl reaches the ages of three and seven, the child puts on his or her best clothes and goes to the shrine (神殿) to give thanks for health”可知，古时候的埃及男孩年满5岁，女孩年满3岁或7岁时，他们会穿上自己最好的衣服，前往神殿感恩健康。所以埃及女孩Alma并不会在5岁时举办大型生日聚会。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“The Chinese people believe that when a person reaches the age of 60, he or she has completed a full cycle (循环) of life. On this birthday, the person’s children, grandchildren, and other family members try their best to come together to express congratulations (祝贺).”可知，中国人认为，当一个人年满60岁时，他已经完成了人生的一个完整循环，他的子女、孙辈及其他家庭成员会尽力团聚在一起庆祝他60岁的生日，可以推断古时候中国人认为60岁生日非常重要。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了世界各地不同的生日传统，每一种传统都表达了对寿星的美好祝愿，选项B“不同的传统，同样的祝愿”与之对应。故选B。 Passage 5 （24-25八年级上·重庆南岸·期末） Dear friends, I am Bingbing from Hongxing Middle School. I’m glad to share one traditional Chinese food I have learned from my parents: dumplings. They look like silver ingot (银锭), a symbol of much money. Though making dumplings takes much time, it is so much fun. It is also a nice way to spend time together with our family. I hope my introduction can help you to try making dumplings by yourself and I am looking forward to learning more about your traditional foods. Here is how to make them. 1．What is the dumpling’s shape a symbol of? A．Good luck. B．Close friendship. C．Loving family. D．Much money. 2．What does Bingbing think of making dumplings? A．It is always very easy. B．It is difficult and boring. C．He likes making them. D．He can’t stand making them. 3．What is the right order to make dumplings? ①Cook the dumplings in hot water. ②Add some pepper and salt to the fillings (馅料) and mix. ③Put a spoonful of fillings in a dumpling wrapper (饺子皮) and wrap it up. ④Cut up meat and cabbage to make fillings. A．④①②③ B．③④②① C．④②③① D．②④③① 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统食物饺子的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“They look like silver ingot, a symbol of much money.”可知，饺子的形状像银锭，是财富的象征。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Though making dumplings takes much time, it is so much fun. It is also a nice way to spend time together with our family.”可知，Bingbing觉得包饺子虽然花费时间，但很有趣，也是和家人共度时光的好方式；据此可以推断，他喜欢包饺子。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据图片提示和常识可知，包饺子的正确步骤应该是先切肉和白菜做馅料 (④)；然后在馅料中加入胡椒粉和盐并搅拌 (②)；接着把一勺馅料放在饺子皮里包起来 (③)；最后把饺子放在热水里煮 (①)，即④②③①。故选C。 Passage 6 （24-25八年级上·重庆潼南·期末） “Black Myth: Wukong” (《黑神话·悟空》) is a wonderful video game that makes a big difference in the game world. It comes from the old Chinese story Journey to the West (《西游记》). The game has the main character (人物) Wukong, who is a symbol of being brave and smart in Chinese culture. Just like in Journey to the West, Wukong in the game has special talents (天赋) and a strong mind. He can become different kinds of people, animals or things if he wants to, and he always uses his magic stick (金箍棒) to fight against the bad. In fact, it is a show of the Chinese people’s creative thinking in the past. The pictures and videos in “Black Myth: Wukong” are also full of Chinese culture. When the old buildings, high mountains and big forests appear on the screen, players feel like they are really a monkey on the trip. It is quite new for the players all over the world because it is the first game with so much Chinese culture. What’s more, the game’s story tells us the Chinese idea of “good and bad” and “fighting against bad”. Wukong, as the main character, is always working hard, and he never stops. This shows the Chinese ideas of being right, being hard-working, and making a better world. In short, “Black Myth: Wukong” is a successful combination (结合) of video game and Chinese culture. It not only let players get a wonderful game to play but also bring Chinese culture to the world. 1．What is “Black Myth: Wukong”? A．A video game. B．A film. C．A book. D．An opera. 2．What is Wukong like from paragraph 4? A．He is smart. B．He is outgoing. C．He is funny. D．He is hard-working. 3．Which is NOT TRUE about “Black Myth: Wukong”? A．It comes from the old Chinese story Journey to the West. B．Wukong has special talents and a strong mind. C．The main character Wukong is a monkey. D．Wukong sometimes stops working hard. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．A New Film B．Black Myth: Wukong C．Monkey King D．Journey to the West 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了电子游戏《黑神话·悟空》，它来源于中国古典名著《西游记》，展示了中国过去的创造性思维，以及中国文化和中国人的思想。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段““Black Myth: Wukong” (《黑神话·悟空》) is a wonderful video game...”可知，《黑神话·悟空》是一款很棒的电子游戏。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Wukong, as the main character, is always working hard, and he never stops.”可知，悟空作为主角，他总是努力工作，从未停止。所以悟空是勤劳的。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“It comes from the old Chinese story Journey to the West (《西游记》).”可知，选项A正确；根据文章第二段“Just like in Journey to the West, Wukong in the game has special talents (天赋) and a strong mind.”可知，选项B正确；根据文章第二段“The game has the main character (人物) Wukong...”可知，主角悟空是一只猴子，选项C正确；根据文章第四段“Wukong, as the main character, is always working hard, and he never stops.”可知，悟空从未停止工作，选项D错误。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文，结合文章第一段““Black Myth: Wukong” (《黑神话·悟空》) is a wonderful video game...”可知，本文主要介绍了电子游戏《黑神话·悟空》，所以最适合做文章标题的是“Black Myth: Wukong”。故选B。 主题02 人与自我-生活建议 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆巫山·期末） If you wake up one day and decide to build a house, how will you begin? Get some tools and build it at once? Or think carefully and prepare everything first? Of course, the second way is better. Why? Because you make a plan for your goal (目标) ! Many people have goals like getting better grades or finding a better job. But without a plan for reaching those goals, only 8 percent of these people will finally be successful. ▲ ? First, it stops you spending time on meaningless things. Also, it helps you know better what to do step by step. What’s more, if you make a good plan, you’ll be surprised at how much you can reach. Last, by making a plan, you will know the problems you meet on the way to success and try your best to solve them. The importance of having a plan is now clear, but do you know how to make your own plan? Step 1: Put your goal down on a piece of paper. In this way, you will be more sure about it. Step2: Cut your goal into small parts and make plans for them. So you will be clearer about what you can do step by step. Step 3: Read your plan every day. Believe it or not, a plan is no good if you never look at it. Step 4: Tell a friend about your plan. You may need his or her help when you can’t follow it. Remember: “A goal without a plan is just a wish.” Once you make a plan for your goal and try your best to follow it, you will hardly be unsuccessful. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．With an example. B．With some facts. C．With some numbers. D．With a long story. 2．Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ ? A．How can we make our own plans B．Why is making plans so important C．What do good plans have in common D．What’s the right time to make plans 3．What do we need a friend to do for us? A．To make plans for us. B．To discuss the steps. C．To read the plans for us. D．To help us follow the plan. 4．The writer writes this article ________. A．to teach people to build a house B．to talk about good life goals C．to share his plans with the readers D．to advise people to make plans 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了制定计划的重要性以及如何制定计划。 1． 推理判断题。根据“If you wake up one day and decide to build a house, how will you begin? Get some tools and build it at once? Or think carefully and prepare everything first? Of course, the second way is better. Why? Because you make a plan for your goal !”可知，作者先列举盖房子的例子，然后提问是直接行动，还是先做计划再行动，从而引出制定计划这个话题。故选A。 2． 推理判断题。根据“First, it stops you spending time on meaningless things. Also, it helps you know better what to do step by step. What’s more, if you make a good plan, you’ll be surprised at how much you can reach. Last, by making a plan, you will know the problems you meet on the way to success and try your best to solve them.”可知，后文介绍制定计划的重要性，因此此处问为什么制定计划如此重要。故选B。 3． 细节理解题。根据“Tell a friend about your plan. You may need his or her help when you can’t follow it.”可知，朋友可以帮助我们执行计划。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了制定计划的重要性以及如何制定计划，因此作者的目的是建议人们制定计划。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆潼南·期末） Do you think breakfast important? Last week, several students from XingFu Middle School made a survey among 500 people on the streets. The diagrams (图表) below show the results. Studies show that breakfast is the most important meal of the day. It enables us to study and work better, giving us a fresh start. It is believed that the best time for breakfast is between 7 a. m. and 8 a. m. There should be an interval (间隔) of 4 to 5 hours between breakfast and lunch. Before breakfast, we’d better drink some water. As you can know, our body loses much water after a whole night. 1．According to Diagram I, ________ percent of the people always eat breakfast. A．3% B．14% C．18% D．65% 2．According to Diagram II, why don’t most of the people eat breakfast? A．They have no time. B．They have no appetite (食欲). C．They think it is a trouble. D．They don’t care. 3．If we want to eat breakfast healthily, we should ________. A．eat breakfast before 7 a. m B．drink some water after breakfast C．eat lunch 4-5 hours after breakfast D．drink some milk before breakfast 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了幸福中学的学生对早餐情况做的调查，以及早餐的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Diagram I”可知，有65%的人总是吃早餐。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Diagram II”可知，大部分人不吃早餐是因为没有时间。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“There should be an interval (间隔) of 4 to 5 hours between breakfast and lunch.”可知，如果想健康地吃早餐，应该在早餐后4-5个小时吃午餐。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末） Do you ever feel you can’t think clearly after playing on the phones for too long? If you do, welcome to the world of “brain rot (脑腐化)”! The phrase (短语) first appeared in the book Walden in 1854, but now it specifically refers (特指) to what happens when someone spends too much time online. The frequency (频率) of people using the phrase keeps growing these years. In 2024, the Oxford even name it Word of the Year. So what will happen if you have brain rot? Well, sometimes it seems like your brain is a blank for a while. For example, you start forgetting things that happened just now. You might find yourself walking into a room and forgetting why you’re there. Looking for a thing that is just in your hand is another common symptom (症状). The bad sides go beyond (超过) those funny things. Brain rot can cause the loss of critical (批判的) thinking. Your emotions may experience ups and downs more often. But don’t be afraid! Solving the problem doesn’t need any expensive medicine. Start by cutting down your screen time. Remember, living without apps like TikTok or Xiaohongshu for a few hours won’t be too hard. Try to take a break to enjoy the real world. You can join in physical activities, read real books (not the videos that can let you read one in 3 minutes), and talk to real persons face-to-face. Just like a garden needs care to grow healthy plants, your brain needs good habits to stay strong. Take care of it, so that more beautiful flowers of creativity and happiness can bloom (盛开) inside! 1．Which of the following shows the use of “brain rot” these years? （“f” means the frequency and “t” means time） A． B． C． D． 2．What does the underlined word blank mean in the passage? a. [adj.] Usually used in go blank. It means something in your head disappeared for no reason. e. g. When I saw the beautiful girl, my mind just went blank. b. [v.] If you blank, you can’t remember what you had in mind before. e. g. I just blanked in the exam. c. [n.] A space without words or pictures on a piece of paper. e. g. Please fill in the blank after reading the passage. d. [n.] Used to say a situation when you forget something. e. g. I tried to think of his name but my mind was a blank. A．a. B．b. C．c. D．d. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．It’s very hard to solve the problem of brain rot. B．Reading books in 3 minutes practices your brain. C．Enjoying the real world is good for the brain. D．Brain rot appeared in 2024 as a new phrase. 4．What’s the writer’s purpose (目的) of writing this passage? A．To tell people to never use the Internet again. B．To advise people to take care of their brain. C．To share some popular words of the year 2024. D．To explain the reasons why brain rot happens. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了“brain rot”的含义、影响以及解决方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“The frequency of people using the phrase keeps growing these years. In 2024, the Oxford even name it Word of the Year.”可知，这些年“brain rot”的使用频率在增加，并在2024年被选为年度词汇。结合选项，第二幅图（频率逐渐上升）正确。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“For example, you start forgetting things that happened just now. You might find yourself walking into a room and forgetting why you’re there.”可知，你开始忘记刚刚发生的事情。你可能会发现自己走进一个房间，却忘了自己为什么在那里。所以此处的“blank”指大脑暂时空白，忘记刚发生的事情。这里的blank是名词，对应选项中的d项“a situation when you forget something”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Try to take a break to enjoy the real world. You can join in physical activities, read real books…and talk to real persons face-to-face.”可知，享受真实世界对大脑有益。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据整篇文章内容，尤其是“Take care of it, so that more beautiful flowers of creativity and happiness can bloom (盛开) inside!”可知，作者写作目的是建议人们保护大脑健康。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期末） Bolognese Sauce (意式肉酱) What you need: 1 spoon of olive oil (油) 1 small carrot, cut into small pieces 1 small onion, cut into small pieces 400g tomatoes some fresh basil leaves (紫苏叶) 250g minced beef How to make it: First, heat the oil in a frying pan (煎锅). Put in the carrot and onion and cook for 5 minutes. Then, add the minced beef to the carrot and onion. Cook for a few-minutes (until the meat is brown). Next, put the tomatoes into the frying pan, and cook for another 5 minutes. Stir all the time. After that, add the basil leaves, then cook slowly for 15 minutes. At last, put some basil leaves on top of the sauce and enjoy it with noodles. 1．To make Bolognese sauce, we need 400g ________. A．oil B．onions C．tomatoes D．beef 2．How many steps do we need to make Bolognese Sauce (意式肉酱)? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 3．We can read this passage in the part of ________ in a magazine. A．sports B．science C．cooking D．education 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文介绍了意式肉酱的做法。 1．细节理解题。根据“400g tomatoes”可知，需要400克西红柿。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“How to make it: First... Then... Next... After that...At last...”可知，做意式肉酱需要五个步骤。故选B。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了意式肉酱的做法，属于烹饪类信息。故选C。 Passage 5 （24-25八年级上·重庆渝北·期末） ①In the past, Xiao Jingsheng often ran to the toilet and back to class with no time for anything else between classes. But now that is different. ②The students at primary and middle schools in Beijing always had a 10-minute break (休息) between classes in the past. This term, they have 5 more minutes to take a break. This can help students spend more time outdoors, and it is healthy for their mind and bodies. ③To help children enjoy break-time activities, some schools have labor education (劳动教育). Students can feed animals and plant something. ④“We love our new friends—some ducks and rabbits!” said Zhang Boren. “Fewer students now sit at their desks. Some play with these cute animals, and others exercise on the playground. This is so refreshing that we hardly feel sleepy or tired in the next class!” ⑤Some schools have activity areas (区域) both indoors and outdoors. For example, at Changping Middle School, the first floor of the teaching building opened a biology lab (生物实验室). The second floor has spaces for free reading and chess games. ⑥As the break time is longer, making sure everyone is safe (安全) is also important. PE teachers from the school keep an eye on students playing on the ground. “Sometimes the ground can be wet in the morning, so we ask the students to do more upper body exercise so that they won’t run and slip (滑倒),” said one PE teacher. 1．How does the writer start this passage? A．By asking a question. B．By telling a story. C．By making a comparison (对比). D．By giving numbers. 2．How long can the students in Beijing take a break between classes now? A．5 minutes. B．10 minutes. C．15 minutes. D．25 minutes. 3．Which of the following sentences can you put the word “refreshing” in? A．It’s really ________ to drink cold cola or juice on a hot day. B．The movie was so ________ that I hardly finished watching it. C．I think sitcoms are ________ because you can learn nothing from them. D．Don’t swim in the rivers. That’s too ________. You may lose your life! 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中小学课间休息时间的变化，并解释了这一变化的目的、实施情况以及相关的安全措施。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“In the past, Xiao Jingsheng often ran to the toilet and back to class with no time for anything else between classes. But now that is different.”可知，在过去肖京生经常跑完厕所又跑回教室，课间根本没时间做其他事。但现在不同了。这是不同时间的对比，由此推断作者通过对比开启文章。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The students at primary and middle schools in Beijing always had a 10-minute break (休息) between classes in the past. This term, they have 5 more minutes to take a break.”可知过去北京中小学生的课间休息时间总是10 分钟。这学期，他们多了5分钟的休息时间。即现在北京中小学生一共15分钟课间休息时间，故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据画线词所在这一句“This is so refreshing that we hardly feel sleepy or tired in the next class!”可知这让我们神清气爽，下节课几乎不会感到困倦和疲惫！refreshing放在选项A意为“大热天喝冰镇可乐或果汁真的令人神清气爽。”符合句意，故选A。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第①②段描述课间休息时间的变化，③④⑤段讲学校课间休息时间的实施情况，③④段为喂养和种植，⑤段为室内室外活动区域，⑥段强调课间休息期间安全措施同样重要。故选A。 Passage 6 （24-25八年级上·重庆渝中·期末） ①Teenagers often find pimples (青春痘) pop up on their faces. These unwelcome trouble-makers seem to appear out of nowhere, especially before important events, like taking class photos or speaking on stage. Why are teenagers likely to have pimples? ②One of the main reasons is the big change in their hormone levels (荷尔蒙水平). A study in 2024 by Professor Yao Xu’s team in “Cell Host & Microbe” showed that the change in hormone levels makes sebaceous glands produce too much oil. Some bacteria (细菌) use the extra oil to multiply, causing skin problems. And then pimples appear. ③Bad habits are also a cause of pimples. One of these habits is staying up late, which will hurt skin metabolism (新陈代谢). An experiment (实验) found teens who go to bed late for a week had more oil and 30% more pimples. ④What’s more, eating too much high-sugar and high-fat food is another bad habit. For example, a boy eating fried chicken over five times a week has a 40% higher risk (风险) of pimples than those who eat healthily. ⑤Pimples bring a lot of problems to teens’ minds and social life. They may feel less confident as they care about their looks. In class, some of them can’t listen to the teachers carefully. These teenagers might be shy and afraid to talk in public. ⑥Here is some advice for students with pimple problems. ⑦First, take care of your skin. Use gentle cleaners in the morning and at night. ⑧Next, sleep 7 to 8 hours every night. Eat more fruit, vegetables and grains. Eat less junk food to control oil. ⑨Finally, don’t worry too much. Pimples are normal for teens. Be happy and do some sports like running, rope skipping and so on. You can surely “live in peace” with pimples. 1．How does the writer support (支持) the idea that bad habits cause (导致) pimples? A．By showing a study in 2024. B．By giving advice to the teenagers. C．By using examples and experiment results. D．By explaining why they worry the teenagers. 2．Which of the following is NOT good for a teenager to reduce (减少) pimple risk? A．Playing basketball twice a week. B．Sleeping for 7 to 8 hours a night. C．Eating more apples and carrots. D．Eating fried chicken every day. 3．What’s the writing purpose (目的) of this passage? A．To introduce some important studies on pimples. B．To introduce some skin cleaners. C．To help teens know more about pimples. D．To encourage teens to be more confident. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文讲述了青少年容易长青春痘的原因，包括荷尔蒙水平的变化、不良习惯等，以及青春痘对青少年心理和社交生活的影响，并提供了一些应对青春痘的建议。 1．推理判断题。根据“An experiment (实验) found teens who go to bed late for a week had more oil and 30% more pimples.”以及“ a boy eating fried chicken over five times a week has a 40% higher risk (风险) of pimples than those who eat healthily.”可知，作者通过实验结果和具体例子说明坏习惯会导致青春痘。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“a boy eating fried chicken over five times a week has a 40% higher risk (风险) of pimples than those who eat healthily.”可知，天天吃炸鸡是不利于减少青春痘的，故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文章内容，作者讲解了青春痘出现的原因、带来的问题以及提出应对建议，目的是帮助青少年更好地了解青春痘，而不仅仅是介绍清洁产品或研究。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段为引入；第二、三、四段解释了原因，其中第二段介绍的是主要原因，属于内在原因，第三段和第四段介绍的是坏习惯导致青春痘的原因；第五段介绍了青春痘给青少年带来的影响，第六段是引出下文的建议，第七段和第八段以及第九段是具体的建议。所以结构如A选项所示。故选A。 Passage 7 （24-25八年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末） Hi, foodies! Do you love snacks? If you do, you are lucky to be in China. Here, you can enjoy countless kinds of snacks! Since it’s winter now, let me teach you how to make the most popular Chinese snack of this season—tanghulu! First, buy a few kinds of fruit you like and wash the fruit carefully. Remember to buy some small ones. 53 Then, string (串) the fruit you washed with bamboo sticks. Be careful not to hurt yourself! Next, pour some sugar and water (2:1) into a pot. And put the pot on fire. 54 Finally, put the fruit into the pot and make it covered with the sugar and water mix. 55 That’s it! Not so hard, right? You can try it in the coming holiday. If you succeed, remember to share the tanghulu with others! A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 【导语】本文介绍了制作糖葫芦的步骤。 1．根据“First, buy a few kinds of fruit you like and wash the fruit carefully. Remember to buy some small ones.”可知，首先，买几种你喜欢的水果，仔细清洗水果。选项D图片符合。故选D。 2．根据“Next, pour some sugar and water (2:1) into a pot. And put the pot on fire.”可知，接下来，将一些糖和水（2:1）倒入锅中。然后把锅放在火上。选项A图片符合。故选A。 3．根据“Finally, put the fruit into the pot and make it covered with the sugar and water mix.”可知，最后，把水果放进锅里，让水果覆盖上糖和水的混合物。选项C图片符合。故选C。 Passage 8 （24-25八年级上·重庆开州·期末） Good study habits are important for all students. When you have good study habits, you will learn faster and help you have a good memory. Do you usually study in the living room? This is not a good place for study because it is usually too noisy. You need to study in a quiet place, such as your bedroom. A quiet place will help you learn well. Before you begin to study, do not forget to clean your desk. It helps you study well, too. Light is important. You will feel tired easily if there is not enough light. Of all the good study habits can develop, asking questions is the key. Just ask. No one knows everything but we can always learn from each other by asking questions. One simple but important habit is to tell yourself what you are studying for. Put your dream grades on your desk or your computer. It means you will see and think about it every day. When do you work best? Are you an early bird or a night owl (猫头鹰), or something in between? Find your most productive work time and then plan to study at this time. 1．Why is the living room not a good place for study? A．Because it is too big. B．Because it is too small. C．Because it is too noisy. D．Because it is too old. 2．According to the passage, what should you do before you study? A．Clean the desk. B．Turn on the light. C．Ask questions. D．Prepare some bread. 3．The underlined word “productive” in the last paragraph means ________. A．有效的 B．有趣的 C．精彩的 D．努力的 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．Study in the Bedroom B．Good Study Habits Are Important C．How to Study English D．Dream Grades 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些良好的学习习惯。 1．细节理解题。根据“Do you usually study in the living room? This is not a good place for study because it is usually too noisy”可知，客厅不是一个学习的好地方，因为它太吵了，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Before you begin to study, do not forget to clean your desk”可知，在你学习之前你应该清理你的书桌，故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据后面的“and then plan to study at this time.”可知是找到最有效的学习时间，然后在这个时间计划学习，因此可判断划线单词的意思是“有效的”，故选A。 4．最佳标题题。根据第一段“Good study habits are important for all students. When you have good study habits, you will learn faster and help you have a good memory.”并结合文章内容，可知本文主要介绍了一些良好的学习习惯，所以B选项“良好的学习习惯很重要”符合本文标题，故选B。 主题03 人与社会-文化习俗 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆长寿·期末） ①How is the weather in your city now? Are you feeling winter is coming? Lidong (the Start of Winter), will arrive on November 7th this year. ②Lidong was once a big day in ancient (古代的) China. Before the day, the emperor (帝王) would take a shower and have no meat. On that day, the emperor and his officials (官员) would all dress in black and go out of the city to welcome winter. Today, to welcome the day, some people choose to have swimming competitions (比赛) in the rivers in some cold places, such as Harbin in Heilongjiang Province. ③As winter comes, the weather gets colder and colder. Chinese people often eat enough food to keep their bodies warm and healthy. On the day of Lidong, people in North China love eating dumplings. In South China, people love to eat chicken, duck and fish. In some places in Guangdong Province, people eat sugar cane (甘蔗) on the day. They think this is good for their teeth. In Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, people will eat green onions for good health. In Taiwan Province, people often eat mutton (羊肉). ④Lidong is the time to start wearing warm clothes. In old times, the emperor would give warm winter clothes to the officials on the day. People would also remember to give “clothes” to their lost family. They would also have delicious food to show how much they missed the lost ones. 1．What did the emperors do to welcome winter in ancient times? a. They took a shower.        b. They didn’t eat meat. c. They dressed in black.        d. They had a swimming competition. A．a b c B．a b d C．b c d D．a c d 2．What do people in Guangdong Province eat on the day of Lidong? A．Fish. B．Mutton. C．Sugar cane. D．Green onions. 3．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the passage about? A．Food. B．Culture. C．Health. D．Clothes. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要讲述了立冬这个节气及其风俗习惯。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Before the day, the emperor (帝王) would take a shower and have no meat. On that day, the emperor and his officials (官员) would all dress in black and go out of the city to welcome winter.”可知，古代的皇帝迎接冬天时会洗澡、不吃肉，穿黑衣。故选 A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“In some places in Guangdong Province, people eat sugar cane (甘蔗) on the day.”可知，广东地区的人在立冬时吃甘蔗。故选C。 3．篇章结构题。根据全文可知，第一段引入主题——立冬的到来；第二段讲述了古代皇帝迎接立冬以及现代人们迎接立冬的活动；第三段讲述了立冬要吃的食物；第四段是立冬要穿暖和的衣服。所以本文为总分结构。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Lidong (the Start of Winter), will arrive on November 7th this year.”以及文章各段落可以看出主要介绍的是立冬时的文化习俗，为文化相关内容。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆大渡口·期末） Breaking, also known as breakdancing, is an Olympic sport for the first time in the 2024 Paris Olympic Games. It has two events—one for men and one for women, 16 B-Boys and 16 B-Girls. Unlike swimming, basketball or running, breaking competitions are like bodily rap battles (对决) between two dancers. B-Boys and B-Girls compete in “one-on-one battles”. There are no templates (模板) or programs here, only pure improvisation (即兴) by listening to the DJ’s music. Whoever seriously gets the most votes (选票) from the judges (裁判) is the winner. Breaking is a sport which can be played anywhere and anytime. It is kind of street dance. It is also part of the hip hop music. It grew up during the early 1970s, especially in America. In the past, people wouldn’t believe that street dance could become an Olympic sport. However, it has come true now. It is a historic time for all dancers around the world. Breaking made it into the Olympics for two reasons. First, it’s very popular with young people. It is an extremely important point for the IOC (奥组委) . And it’s also very popular in France. So, after its successful introduction at the 2018 Youth Olympics, breaking made its big Olympic Games show at Paris2024. However, we will see it in Los Angeles 2028 Olympics as well. Not only breaking, but also skateboarding, surfing and sport climbing also become the 2024 Paris Olympic events. These new sports make the Olympics more amazing. 1．What is breaking about? A．It is a kind of sport about dancing. B．It is a kind of sport about basketball. C．It is a kind of sport about climbing. D．It is a kind of sport about swimming. 2．Who are “B-Boys and B-Girls” in the passage? A．Winners of the final battles. B．Players in the breaking competitions C．Musicians to choose music for battles. D．Fans for different teams. 3．Why is breaking becoming a part of Paris Olympics? A．To help street dancers to get the Olympic prizes. B．To welcome the next Olympics in Los Angeles, America. C．To have more young people’s interests in Olympic sport. D．To advise young people to take part in Olympic sports games. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Breaking: A New Olympic Sport in 2024. B．Breaking: A Modern Dance in America. C．Breaking: A great Olympic Plan in 2018. D．Breaking: A Kind of Popular Street Dance. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了霹雳舞首次成为2024巴黎奥运会项目，以一对一形式比赛，凭借其流行度和观赏性成功入选。 1．细节理解题。根据“It is kind of street dance.”可知，霹雳舞是一种舞蹈。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“breaking competitions are like bodily rap battles between two dancers. B-Boys and B-Girls compete in “one-on-one battles”可知，B-Boys和B-Girls是霹雳舞比赛的选手。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“First, it’s very popular with young people. It is an extremely important point for the IOC.”可知，霹雳舞成为奥运会项目是为了让更多的年轻人对奥运会体育感兴趣。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。根据“Breaking, also known as breakdancing, is an Olympic sport for the first time in the 2024 Paris Olympic Games.”及全文可知，文章主要讲述Breaking在2024年成为新奥运项目的事实，因此选项A最符合文章内容。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期末） ①Many people think that language makes humans different from other animals. Bertrand Russell, a British philosopher, said in 1948 that people couldn’t think without language. ②However, a recent study shows that language and thinking are actually “much more independent (独立的)” than we believed. ③The study by scientists from the US tried to find out the language-thinking relationship in two ways. First, they studied people with global aphasia (完全失语症). Although they are almost unable to understand or speak, they can still finish hard tasks. “They can even solve math problems as long as the orders are non-verbal (非语言的),” Evelina Fedorenko told ZME Science. ④The researchers also used brain-imaging (脑成像) to study the brains of healthy people. When they were working on non-verbal tasks like planning, the language parts of their brains were mostly not working. ⑤So, if language isn’t necessary for thinking, then why did humans create and keep using it? That’s because language plays an important part in communication (沟通). ⑥“Most of the time, you learned about the world through language, not through your real experience with the world,” Fedorenko said. Without enough time to go everywhere themselves, humans have to share information with the help of language to learn more about the world. ⑦Although we don’t need language to think, the way we speak can greatly decide how we think. For example, “He fired the gun.” in English is usually expressed as “The gun went off.” in Japanese. As a result, English speakers are more likely to care about the person, not the tool, than Japanese speakers, according to Psychology Today. 1．According to the passage, what might a man with global aphasia be able to do? ①learn a foreign language ②work as a teacher ③tell kids stories ④use a pen ⑤work out a math problem ⑥cry or laugh A．①③⑤ B．③④⑤ C．④⑤⑥ D．②⑤⑥ 2．Which idea do you think the writer will agree with? A．Different languages will make people think the same way. B．Speaking more languages can make people become smarter. C．The language parts of the brain work for tasks like planning. D．Language makes it easier for humans to learn about the world. 3．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．Which of the following is similar to the role of language in thinking? A．Water to fish: without water, fish will not be able to live. B．A map to a trip: a map is helpful but not necessary during a trip. C．Summer to winter: they won’t show up together in the same place. D．Two keys to the same door: the two keys can take each other’s place. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要探讨了语言和思维之间的关系，介绍了相关研究及结论，包括语言和思维在大脑中独立工作、语言主要用于交流以及语言对思维有影响等内容。 1．推理判断题。根据“First, they studied people with global aphasia (完全失语症). Although they are almost unable to understand or speak, they can still finish hard tasks. “They can even solve math problems as long as the orders are non-verbal”可知，患有完全失语症的人可以完成艰巨的任务，只要命令是非语言的。所以一个患有完全失语症的人能使用钢笔、解一道数学题以及哭或笑，④⑤⑥符合题意。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Most of the time, you learned about the world through language, not through your real experience with the world”可知，语言使人类更容易了解世界。故选D。 3．篇章结构题。第①段先提出语言和思维的关系；第②段指出研究表明，语言和思维实际上比我们想象的“更加独立”，接着第③④段从语言和思维在大脑中独立工作的角度论述，第⑤⑥段从语言在沟通中起着重要作用的角度进行论述；第⑦段指出，语言对思维有影响。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“So, if language isn’t necessary for thinking, then why did humans create and keep using it? That’s because language plays an important part in communication”可知，语言在思维中起辅助作用，并非唯一决定因素。选项B“旅行地图：在旅行中，地图是有帮助的，但不是必需的。”与之相似。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·重庆万州·期末） AI, short for Artificial Intelligence (人工智能), is becoming more and more common in our life. Not long ago, an AI canteen opened in Shanghai. The AI canteen, located in the Hongqiao Area (区), covers about 130 square meters. It can serve about 300 people every day, most of whom are old people living nearby or office workers in the area. At the canteen, people need to order food on a screen. For those who are not sure (确定) what they want to eat, the canteen’s cooking system (系统) can offer advice. The canteen’s robots cook dishes. They can make different kinds of Chinese dishes, like gongbao chicken and mapo toufu. What’s more, the robots can pack (打包) dishes for take-away food. At the self-service area, customers only need to put their dishes on a smart cash desk and the system will tell them the price of the meal. People can pay in different ways, like using bank cards or QR codes (二维码). The prices of the food at the AI canteen are not expensive. Every meat dish costs 8 yuan while every vegetable dish costs only 3.5 yuan. “The meals cooked by robots taste as good as those cooked by humans. It is cheap and convenient for us to eat in the Al canteen,” said an old man. Would you like to have a meal in such a smart canteen? 1．What does the underlined word “canteen” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Bank. B．Supermarket. C．Restaurant. D．Clothes store. 2．How much are a meat dish and two vegetable dishes? A．3.5 yuan. B．11.5 yuan. C．8 yuan. D．15 yuan. 3．What can we know about the AI canteen according to the passage? A．The meals are cooked by humans. B．We can order food on a screen. C．It can serve about 400 people a day. D．We cannot take away the dishes ordered. 4．In which part of a newspaper can we see the passage? A．Sports. B．Travel. C．Science. D．Culture. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了上海的一家智能机器人餐厅。 1．词句猜测题。根据“At the canteen, people need to order food on a screen. ”可知这里是提供给人食物的，因此是餐厅。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Every meat dish costs 8 yuan while every vegetable dish costs only 3.5 yuan.”可知肉菜8元，蔬菜3.5元，所以一个肉菜和两个素菜是8+3.5×2=15元。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“At the canteen, people need to order food on a screen.”可知可以在屏幕上点餐。故选B。 4．推理判断题。本文介绍了机器人餐厅，所以最可能出现在科学板块。故选C。 Passage 5 （24-25八年级上·重庆大渡口·期末） Now City Walk is becoming more and more popular in big cities, like Beijing and Shanghai. Many people think it is really healthy for both our body and mind. People who enjoy city walking and always spend their free time on it are called city walkers. They try to visit many places of interest in a very short time through cities. They enjoy beautiful buildings and great food, taking photos. The most popular reasons for City Walks ★To slow down to learn a city better City Walk seems the best way to see places if you don’t want to rush (匆忙) . It is also a good way for you to enjoy the special city cultures (文化) and all kinds of local (当地的) food and buildings slowly. ★To travel in a cheap way City Walk helps to travel cheaply. You don’t need to pay for transport, such as taxis and subways. Moreover. there is no need to buy tickets for places of interest. ★To make us relaxed You may be tired of your work from Monday to Friday. City Walk might make you forget your work or problems. As one of the coolest ways to explore (探索) a place among young people, City Walk led to a new trend (潮流) to travel. Would you like to have a try? 1．What do people think of City Walk? A．People can visit many places of interest. B．It’s healthy for both people’s body and mind. C．It’s easy for people to spend their free time on weekends. D．People can taste many great food easily during the city walk. 2．Why do people enjoy City Walks? A．To avoid taking photos. B．To rush through the city quickly. C．To spend money on transport. D．To learn about city cultures and food. 3．What percent of city walkers are teenagers under 18? A．17%. B．19%. C．22%. D．28%. 4．What is one benefit (益处) of City Walk mentioned in the text? A．It is a way to meet new friends. B．It helps to travel in an expensive way. C．It allows for relaxation after work. D．It needs to buy tickets for attractions. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了城市漫步作为一种新潮的旅行和消遣方式，特别在北京和上海等大城市越来越流行。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Many people think it is really healthy for both our body and mind.”可知，许多人认为城市漫步对我们的身心健康都有好处。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“It is also a good way for you to enjoy the special city cultures and all kinds of local food and buildings slowly.”可知，参加City Walks可以很好的享受当地特色文化以及各种各样的当地食物和建筑。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据Chart I图表，under 18的teenagers包括了under 15和16至17两个部分。15岁以下占15%，16至17岁占2%，所以18岁以下的人一共占17%。故选A。 4．推理判断题。 根据“The most popular reasons for City Walks”下面的三个小标题分别是“To slow down to learn a city better, to travel in a cheap way and to make us relaxed.”可知，城市漫步可以让我们放松，所以我们工作之后也会让我们感到放松。故选C。 Passage 6 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期末） ①On December 4, 2024, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), made the Spring Festival a world intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). ②The Spring Festival is one of China’s oldest traditional festivals. “For thousands of years, it has helped to bring Chinese people together and make them proud of their own culture,” said UNESCO. ③As a well-known organization worldwide, UNESCO was set up on November 16, 1945 just after World War Ⅱ. It helps countries work together on education, science and culture to make the world more peaceful. For many years, it has worked on protecting cultural things around the world by putting them on the World Intangible Cultural Heritage List. ④The items on the List must have a history of over one hundred years. And they also need to be important in history, literature, art or science. By 2024, China has already had 44 items on the List. These items show the richness of Chinese culture in a wonderful way. ⑤To get the Spring Festival added to the List, China made lots of preparations. In July 2022, the Ministry of Culture made a team. They put together everything about the start, growth, changes, cultural meanings and ways of celebration of the Spring Festival. After reading what was necessary over and over again, China submitted it to the Intergovernmental Committee (政府间委员会) on March 31, 2023. After waiting for more than one year, good news finally came. ⑥China’s Foreign Ministry spokesman Lin Jian said that the Spring Festival shows the meaning of peace and togetherness. Not only Chinese but also people from many other countries love it deeply. About one in every five people all over the world now celebrates this festival. In the future, China will keep protecting traditional culture so that more people can enjoy the valuable cultural heritage. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By listing some numbers. C．By showing a fact. D．By discussing a question. 2．What’s the main idea of paragraph 3? A．The resolutions of China. B．The meaning of Chinese culture. C．The importance of the List. D．The history and work of UNESCO. 3．Which underlined word has a similar meaning to “submitted” in paragraph 5? A．He accepted the job because he needed a lot of money. B．She finished university last year and became a reporter. C．He followed his father’s example to help the poor kids. D．I gave the teacher my homework on Thursday morning. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．China prepared a lot to get the Spring Festival added to the List. B．Maybe there will be more Chinese traditions on the List in the future. C．20% of the people around the world now celebrate the Spring Festival. D．China will only keep protecting its own traditional culture in the future. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2024年12月4日联合国教科文组织将春节列为世界非物质文化遗产这一事件，包括春节的意义、联合国教科文组织的介绍、中国为将春节列入名录所做的准备以及中国外交部发言人的相关言论等。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“On December 4, 2024, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), made the Spring Festival a world intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产).”可知，作者在文章开头直接陈述了2024年12月4日联合国教科文组织将春节列为世界非物质文化遗产这一事实，以此开始文章。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段主要介绍了联合国教科文组织的成立时间以及它在教育、科学和文化方面的工作，特别是它通过将文化遗产列入世界非物质文化遗产名录来保护世界各地的文化遗产。D选项“联合国教科文组织的历史和工作”符合本段主旨。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“After reading what was necessary over and over again, China submitted it to the Intergovernmental Committee (政府间委员会) on March 31, 2023.”可知，中国在反复阅读了必要的内容后，将其提交给了政府间委员会，所以“submitted”在此处的意思是“提交”。 D选项“星期四早上我把作业交给了老师”，其中“gave”在此处可以理解为“提交”作业的意思，与“submitted”意思相近。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第六段中的“In the future, China will keep protecting traditional culture so that more people can enjoy the valuable cultural heritage.”可知，未来中国将继续保护传统文化，以便更多的人能够享受宝贵的文化遗产，由此可推知，未来可能会有更多的中国传统被列入名录。故选B。 Passage 7 （24-25八年级上·重庆垫江·期末） ①A long time ago, people were very different from the way we are now. For example, if you find a really old house somewhere, you will see that the doors are usually much lower than they are today. Why? Because hundreds of years ago, people were shorter. Over time, the human body has changed a lot. ②Can we expect the human body to keep changing in the future? For sure, and the main reason is that we have more and more technology (科技), and it’s changing how we live. Here are some possible changes. ③In the future, people will probably be even taller. Most of us now have much better food than people in the past, so we grow more. But we will get weaker (弱的) in more than one way. Our muscles (肌肉) will not be as strong as now, because we won’t do lots of physical work. ④We are already using our feet less, and our hands more (think about cars and computers). So we can expect that our legs will get shorter and our feet smaller. At the same time, our fingers (手指) will get longer. And our fingers and eyes will both get better, because they will have to do more work together. ⑤What about the mouth? It will get smaller, because we needn’t talk so much with the help of technology. And last but not least—people won’t have much hair on their bodies as now, because we don’t need it to keep ourselves warm anymore. ⑥Will all these things happen? And if so, when? These are questions that no one can answer for sure. 1．What will our muscles be like in the future according to the passage? A．They will be weaker than now. B．They will get better. C．They will be as strong as now. D．We won’t have muscles on our bodies. 2．The underlined word “they” in the fourth paragraph refers to (指代) _________. A．legs and feet B．fingers C．eyes D．fingers and eyes 3．If we put the passage into 3 parts, which of the following is the best? A．①②;③④;⑤⑥ B．①;②;③④⑤⑥ C．①②③;④⑤;⑥ D．①②;③④⑤;⑥ 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Terrible Future B．Changing Bodies C．Future Technology D．How to live a life 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人们的身体随着时间的不同，逐渐在变化，未来可能也会有更多的变化。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Our muscles (肌肉) will not be as strong as now, because we won’t do lots of physical work.”可知，我们的肌肉不会像现在那样强壮，因为我们不会做太多的体力工作。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“And our fingers and eyes will both get better, because they will have to do more work together.”可知，我们的手指和眼睛都会变得更好，因为它们将不得不一起做更多的工作。由此可推知，they指代“手指和眼睛”。故选D。 3．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一、二段提出主题；第三、四、五段介绍未来我们身体可能会出现的改变；第六段总结。如D选项所示。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了人们的身体随着时间的不同，逐渐在变化，未来可能也会有更多的变化。由此可知，B选项“变化的身体”最适合做文章的主题。故选B。 Passage 8 （24-25八年级上·重庆渝中·期末） If you have problems, what do you usually do with them? Years ago, if a teenager had some problems in his life, he might write about them in his diary. Now a teenager might surf the Internet and write about his problems in his blog (博客). In some ways, a diary and a blog are almost the same. What makes a blog different from a diary? The biggest difference is that a blog is much more public than a diary. If you write a blog, anyone can read it. So it has some problems. The biggest problem is that anyone can read what you write. For example, if I am angry with a friend during school and write something bad about him in a diary, he will never know. However, if I write something bad about a friend in a blog, that friend may read my blog and cry. So we must be very careful. Blogs have upsides, of course. If I feel lonely and write “Nobody cares about me” in my diary, no one will know about it. However, if I write the same words in my blog, my friends will quickly reply and tell me how much they like me. A blog helps people keep in touch with their friends. So every coin has two sides. Both writing a diary and a blog have their good points and bad points. It’s important for you to choose a good and safe way to solve your problems. If you really like writing blogs, you need to make sure you use it in a right way. 1．What makes a blog different from a diary? A．A blog is a book on the Internet. B．A blog is only for family. C．A blog is written at home. D．A blog is for everyone to see. 2．What does the word “upsides” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Good things. B．Terrible things. C．Strange things. D．Small things. 3．What will happen if you write about feeling lonely on a blog according to this passage? A．Your parents will be angry. B．Nobody will know your feelings. C．You can make more friends with others. D．Your friends can tell you they care about you. 4．What does this passage mainly tell us? A．How to make friends by writing blogs. B．How to keep your secrets in your diary. C．The differences between a diary and a blog. D．The reasons why the writer likes diaries. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“博客”与传统日记的区别。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The biggest difference is that a blog is much more public than a diary. If you write a blog, anyone can read it.”可知，博客和日记最大的区别在于博客是公开的，大家都可以看。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“However, if I write the same words in my blog, my friends will quickly reply and tell me how much they like me. A blog helps people keep in touch with their friends.”可知，此段讲了博客的好处，故划线词“upsides”应意为“好处”，与good things含义相同。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“If I feel lonely and write “Nobody cares about me” in my diary, no one will know about it. However, if I write the same words in my blog, my friends will quickly reply and tell me how much they like me”可知，当你在博客上写自己感到孤独时，朋友会回复并告诉你他们在意你。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“What makes a blog different from a diary?”以及文章内容来看，文章主要讲述了博客和日记的区别。故选C。 Passage 9 （24-25八年级上·重庆长寿·期末） The erhu is a traditional (传统的) Chinese musical instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family. In the Song Dynasty (宋朝), it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an important instrument in different folk music. Now it is used in both traditional and modern music. The erhu used to be played by common people. But few records about the erhu can be found. To study the history and the development (发展) of the erhu, historians (历史学家) usually turn to old paintings, sculptures and murals (雕塑和壁画). Because of so many people’s hard work, the erhu becomes more and more popular around the world. In fact, we can hear the sound of the erhu in many famous movies, such as Kungfu Panda in 2012 and Up in the Air in 2023. When people watch these movies, they also enjoy the special music of the erhu. The erhu is also called “Chinese violin”, but in many ways, they are quite different. 1．When did erhu become popular? A．In the Song Dynasty. B．In the Ming Dynasty. C．In the Qing Dynasty. D．In 2012. 2．Why does the erhu become more and more popular? A．Because of the instrument violin. B．Because of many people’s hard work. C．Because of the earliest pictures of this instrument. D．Because of many famous films with the erhu music. 3．Why did the writer write the last paragraph? A．To show the erhu is very popular. B．To give examples of famous erhu music. C．To show the history of erhu music. D．To tell us the erhu is different from violin. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．The Traditional and Modern Music. B．The Special Chinese Musical Instrument. C．The Development of the Erhu Music. D．The Sound of the Erhu in Many Movies. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是说明文。本文介绍了中国传统乐器二胡的发展历史。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“In the Song Dynasty (宋朝), it became quite a popular instrument.”可知，二胡在宋朝变得很流行。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Because of so many people’s hard work, the erhu becomes more and more popular around the world.”可知，二胡的流行是许多人努力工作的结果。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一句“The erhu is also called ‘Chinese violin’, but in many ways, they are quite different.”可知，作者写最后一段是为了告诉我们二胡和小提琴不同。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。根据第一段“In the Song Dynasty (宋朝), it became quite a popular instrument.”、第二段“The erhu used to be played by common people.”和第三段“Because of so many people’s hard work, the erhu becomes more and more popular around the world”可知，文章主要介绍了二胡这一中国传统乐器，包括历史、发展以及现代流行程度。故选C。 Passage 10 （24-25八年级上·重庆巫山·期末） Mind Your Table Manners (礼仪) ! Table manners are different in different countries. How to be a good guest? Here is something for each one of us. Before Dinner 1. Come to the table with your face and hands clean. 2. Stay seated and sit up straight. 3. Don’t bring your phone to the table During Dinner1. Start eating when everyone else does. 2. No talking with your mouth full. 3. Say “please” when you ask people to help you with something. After Dinner1. Give thanks for the food and to the host (主人) . 2. Help with cleaning the table. 1．You can’t bring your ________ to the table before dinner. A．food B．drinks C．dog D．phone 2．According to the passage if you want to talk during dinner, you should ________. A．finish the food in your mouth first B．say “please” C．start talking when everyone else does D．talk to the host 3．After dinner, it’s polite to say thanks to the ________. A．guest B．host C．friend D．cleaner 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 【导语】本文介绍了一些餐桌礼仪。 1． 细节理解题。根据“Before Dinner”中的“Don’t bring your phone to the table.”可知，晚餐前不要把你的手机拿到桌子上。故选D。 2． 细节理解题。根据“During Dinner” 中的“No talking with your mouth full.”可知，如果你想在吃饭时说话，你应该先把嘴里的食物吃完。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“After Dinner”中的“Give thanks for the food and to the host”可知在餐后，表达对食物及主人的感谢是有礼貌的，故选B。 Passage 11 （24-25八年级上·重庆渝中·期末） ①Do you want to take the flying taxi in the rush hour, getting where you want to go much faster than you could in a car? ②Air taxis are taking a big step now. In June, a company (公司) called Joby Aviation tested their new air taxi. Joby has been making and testing flying taxis since 2017. ③Joby says, their taxis are both quieter and cheaper than helicopters (直升机). The air taxi will be flown by a pilot and can carry four other passengers. It can fly as fast as 320 kilometers per hour and can go around 160 kilometers before it needs to be recharged (充电). ④Joby thinks they will start carrying passengers for money by 2025. They expect to charge(收费) about $3 a mile at first. But over time, they hope to bring the price down to less than $1 per mile. ▲ Joby also expects their air taxis can give a ride-sharing service in the air. Just like you might use an app to order a car to pick you up, you could use án app to order an air taxi. ⑤But there’s still a lot to do before air taxis become common. For one thing, governments need to make rules about where, when, and how these taxis can fly. And as exciting as the idea of flying taxis is, some people have worries about them. The taxis may be quieter than helicopters, but they’ll still be adding noise and traffic to the skies. Some people think that only rich people will be able to afford (支付得起) to use them in the future. 1．How many people can the air taxi carry at one time? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 2．What will probably happen with air taxis in the future? A．There will be air taxis everywhere. B．They will be as loud as helicopters. C．More people will be able to use them. D．There won’t be cars in the future. 3．Which sentence can be put in ▲ in Paragraph 4? A．This makes it easy for many people to fly. B．But, some people worry about safety. C．So, flying will cost more money. D．Air taxis will be more popular than cars. 4．What is the best structure (结构) of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。通过介绍Joby公司测试的空中出租车，探讨了空中出租车的特点、优势、未来展望以及面临的挑战和人们的担忧。 1．细节理解题。根据“Joby says, their taxis are both quieter and cheaper than helicopters. The air taxi will be flown by a pilot and can carry four other passengers.”可知，空中出租车可以搭载一名飞行员和四名乘客，总共五人。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“But over time, they hope to bring the price down to less than $1 per mile.”可知，Joby公司希望随着时间的推移，将空中出租车的费用降低到每英里不到1美元，这意味着更多的人将能够使用空中出租车。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Joby also expects their air taxis can give a ride-sharing service in the air. Just like you might use an app to order a car to pick you up, you could use án app to order an air taxi.”可知，可以通过应用程序叫车，这会使坐飞机变得容易。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引出空中出租车的话题；第二段介绍Joby Aviation公司正在对空中出租车进行大步推进；第三段介绍Joby Aviation公司的空中出租车的情况；第四段介绍Joby Aviation公司对于空中出租车未来的收费情况以及对未来的设想；第五段指出空中出租车普及前需要解决的问题和人们的担忧。由此可知，文章的结构与选项A相符。故选A。 主题04 人与社会-生活策略 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆南岸·期末） ①The first Yonghui Supermarket in Chongqing to use the Pangdonglai model has been very successful. After the store was renewed, over 180,000 visitors came to shop and made 5.13 million yuan in sales in just three days—five times more than last year. ②Pangdonglai is famous for its high-quality products (高质量的产品) and great customer (someone who shops in the supermarket) services. Yonghui has used this idea in their supermarket and make changes in the New Yonghui. ③The new Yonghui has more products, like the products from Chongqing and high-quality products, some of which come from Pangdonglai. The supermarket also added fresh food and a self-service kitchen. ④Besides, the supermarket improved services by adding special glasses for older customers, special bags for fresh food, and help with seafood. It also added, a rest room, a baby care room, and a pet place. ⑤Mo Yuanming an expert from Chongqing Technology and Business University, said that the changing business environment in Chongqing and the popularity of Pangdonglai are also important reasons for the success of the new Yonghui. ⑥As we all know, in recent years the retail industry (零售业) has faced problems because of the growth of online shopping, group buying, and too many products. To better meet customers’ needs, traditional supermarket in Chongqing start to move from centering on “products” to centering on “customers.” This change brings a great chance to Yonghui. It takes actions quickly and the new Yonghui becomes successful by using Pangdonglai’s customer-first new model. What’s more, Yonghui plans to use this model in more of its stores. ⑦ ▲ Experts like Liao Chenglin say that although Pangdonglai’s success is wonderful, simply using the model may not solve the main problems of traditional supermarkets. Long-term success will come from non-stop improvement, better products, and meeting customer needs. 1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To introduce the history of Yonghui Supermarket. B．To explain the competition Yonghui faces in the market. C．To describe the success of the new Yonghui Supermarket. D．To show the customers of the new Yonghui Supermarket. 2．Why did the writer mention Mo Yuanming in Paragraph 5? A．To tell that more supermarkets will learn from Pangdonglai. B．To tell that people’s lives are becoming better and better. C．To introduce the problems of the traditional supermarkets. D．To introduce more reasons for the success of Yonghui. 3．Which sentence can be put in the ▲ ? A．But can this new model bring more and more successes? B．However, are customers happy with Yonghui’s changes? C．Pangdonglai certainly will always be popular in Chongqing. D．Luckily, more Pangdonglai-like stores will be in use here. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文讲述了重庆永辉超市采用“胖东来”模式进行改造并取得显著成功的故事。 1．主旨大意题。根据“After the store was renewed, over 180,000 visitors came to shop and made 5.13 million yuan in sales in just three days—five times more than last year.”可知第一段的主要目的是描述新永辉超市的成功，提供了多项具体数据来证明这一点。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Mo Yuanming an expert from Chongqing Technology and Business University, said that the changing business environment in Chongqing and the popularity of Pangdonglai are also important reasons for the success of the new Yonghui.”可知他指出重庆的商业环境变化和胖东来超市的流行也是新永辉成功的重要原因，因此是介绍永辉成功的原因。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“Experts like Liao Chenglin say that although Pangdonglai’s success is wonderful, simply using the model may not solve the main problems of traditional supermarkets. Long-term success will come from non-stop improvement, better products, and meeting customer needs.”可知此处在介绍使用胖东来的新模式不一定能解决传统超市的所有问题，长期的成功需要持续改进和满足顾客需求，因此选项A“但这种新模式能否带来越来越多的成功呢？”符合，故选A。 4．篇章结构题。第一段引出主题；第二段介绍永辉借鉴胖东来，进行改革；第三四段细节介绍新永辉的改变；第五段介绍其他人对其成功原因的评价；第六段总结新永辉的成功；第七段是指出存在的问题。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆江北·期末） Imagine (设想) you are going to give a speech the next day. The night before you spend a lot of time thinking about it over and over again. Well, you might be overthinking. Overthinking means going over the same idea again and again, thinking about the simplest things or events too much. Some people think that overthinking may be helpful because it helps us look at a problem from every possible (可能的) side and get ready for what might happen. However, scientists say that overthinking can make us feel worried and unhappy. What’s worse, overthinking might result in a problem with how you get on with others. As you think the worst or worry about every little thing others do and say, you might misunderstand them. So, when you are sitting or thinking about a problem again and again, try to find something else to do. For example, you will find better ways to solve the problem while you’re doing something relaxing, like gardening (园艺). Also, when you find yourself overthinking, ask yourself if these ideas are meaningful. It can be hard at first, but when you come to know you are overthinking, it can help you make a change. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By giving an example. C．By listing numbers. D．By asking a question. 2．Who is suffering from (遭受) overthinking? A．Jack, a boy who reads his favorite book again and again. B．Peter, a boy who enjoys studying with his friend together. C．Mary, a girl who can’t stop worrying about the math test next month. D．Jenny, a girl who plays on her phone over eight hours every weekend. 3．Which of the following is a good way to stop overthinking? A．Planting some flowers and watering them. B．Thinking about another serious problem. C．Lying in the bed without your eyes closed. D．Thinking over each word your friends say. 4．What does the passage want to tell us? A．The importance of happiness. B．How to see and stop overthinking. C．What makes people feel happy. D．Overthinking can be good sometimes. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讨论了过度思考的定义、原因、影响以及如何识别和控制过度思考。 1．推理判断题。根据“Imagine (设想) you are going to give a speech the next day. The night before you spend a lot of time thinking about it over and over again.”可知，作者通过假设一个场景给出例子来引入话题。 故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Overthinking means going over the same idea again and again, thinking about the simplest things or events too much.”可知，过度思考意味着一遍又一遍地重复同一个想法，过多地思考最简单的事情或事件，选项C“玛丽，一个无法停止担心下个月数学考试的女孩。”符合过度思考的描述。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“when you are sitting or thinking about a problem again and again, try to find something else to do. For example, you will find better ways to solve the problem while you’re doing something relaxing, like gardening (园艺).”可知，园艺是缓解过度思考的好方法。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了如何识别和停止过度思考。故选B。 主题05 人与社会-科技 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆江北·期末） ①What will our life be like in 50 years? Although we don’t know the answer, we believe that it will be very different from the life today. In the future, I think we will live on Mars. Here is what life will be like there. ②First of all, transport should be much better. Now, our spaceships (宇宙飞船) are too slow to carry lots of people to space—it takes months. However, in the future, it will take us two or three days to get to Mars by spaceship! ③Life on Mars may allow people to have more free time. Many people believe that robots will do most of our work, so we will have more time for our hobbies. ④How about the food, water, and air people need to live? Scientists will be able to develop plants that can be grown on Mars. These plants will produce (产出) the food and air we need. However, can these plants give water to us? There is no answer now. ⑤There are also some problems for us. Mars pulls us much less than the Earth does. This will be dangerous because we can easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space. To stop this, humans on Mars have to wear special shoes to put on weight (重量). What’s more, food will look like pills (药片) and will not be as delicious as it is today. Also, space travel may make many people feel ill. 1．What will the future space ship be like? A．It will be much slower. B．It will become much faster. C．It will be more expensive. D．It can carry people to any place. 2．What does the underlined word “this” refer to? A．Flying away into space. B．Becoming much heavier. C．Looking more beautiful. D．Eating too many pills. 3．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 4．Who may be interested in this passage? A．Miss Xie, a traveler, who tries to fly around the world. B．Ms Liang, a reporter, who loves reading history books. C．Mr. Smith, a food service worker, who studies food plants. D．Ann, a student, who wants to learn about life in outer space. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了50年后在火星的生活将会是什么样子。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Now, our spaceships...get to Mars by spaceship!”可知，现在我们的宇宙飞船速度太慢，到太空需要几个月的时间。然而在未来，我们乘坐宇宙飞船只需两三天就能到达火星！由此推断，未来的宇宙飞船更快。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第五段“Mars pulls us much less than the Earth does. This will be dangerous because we can easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space.”可知火星对我们的拉力比地球小得多。这将是非常危险的，因为我们很容易跳得太高，然后慢慢地飞向太空。因此为了防止这件事发生，人们要增重。由此可知“this”指代“飞向太空”，故选A。 3．篇章结构题。通读全文，结合第一段“In the future, I think we will live on Mars. Here is what life will be like there.”可知第①段为总领全文，②③④⑤具体讲述火星生活是什么样子以及可能遇到的难题。为总分结构，也就是选项B。故选B。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，本文介绍了火星生活将会是什么样，因此想要了解太空生活的人会对这篇文章感兴趣。选项D“Ann——一名学生，想了解外太空生活”符合要求，故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆丰都·期末） ①Most people want to know how the future world will be. ②When they dream about the future, many people like to think of having a flying car. With such a car, they could fly 480km an hour without traffic lights. However, some people believe there will be problems with traffic control. If flying cars become popular, there is likely to be air jam (堵塞). What will also happen if the cars stop working? They must face these problems if flying cars are used in the future. ③3D printing (打印) is another new technology (技术) with exciting possibilities. 3D printers are used to build an object (物体) with liquid plastic. They build the object layer (层) by layer until it is done. Many car companies (公司) are now using 3D printers to make life-size models of car parts, and medical companies use the technology to make man-made body parts. As they move into the future, 3D printing will greatly change the way they shop, the way they produce goods and the way they treat illness. 3D printers are useful in many ways, but such an equipment (设备) will be very expensive. ④Looking ahead, they will be able to fly to work or print out new shoes. There are some problems to solve before this is possible, but they can certainly dream of a world where technology makes life easier and safer for millions of people. 1．How many new technologies will appear according to (根据……) the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．What is the passage mainly about? A．The technology of 3D printing. B．The air traffic jam. C．Flying cars. D．The world of future. 3．What does the underlined word “They” refer to (指的是)? A．Body parts. B．3D printers. C．Flying cars. D．Car companies. 4．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要设想了未来世界会出现的新技术。 1．细节理解题。根据“When they dream about the future, many people like to think of having a flying car.”和“3D printing (打印) is another new technology (技术) with exciting possibilities.”可知，飞行汽车和3D打印是本文介绍的两个新技术。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。根据“Most people want to know how the future world will be.”和全文可知，本文主要设想了未来世界会出现的新技术，选项D“未来的世界”与之相符。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“3D printers are used to build an object (物体) with liquid plastic. They build the object layer (层) by layer until it is done.”可知，3D打印机用液态塑料构建物体，“它们”一层层地构建物体，直至完成，可以推断“They”指代前文提及的“3D printers”。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。第一段介绍人们想知道未来的世界将会是什么样，引出下文；第二、三段介绍了未来会出现的两个新技术；第四段总结全文。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·重庆江津·期末） Water is important for all living things on Earth. The water cycle (循环) is like a big circle (圈). Nature makes it with water. It happens all year long, but it’s most busy from March to June in China. We’re going to learn about this cycle and why it’s so important. The water cycle always begins with water vapour (蒸汽). On hot days, water vapour comes from the ground (大地), plants, and rivers. The water vapour goes up, gets cold, and turns into clouds. After that, the clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow. Then, water goes into rivers and seas, and finally it comes back to the ground again in different ways, like rain or snow. The water cycle gives us water to drink and keeps our weather healthy. It also moves water from river or seas to places. Without the water cycle, we would have big problems. Water cycle can keep our Earth cool and alive (充满活力的). Learning about the water cycle helps us know how nature works. We should find better ways to take care of our Earth. 1．When is the water cycle most busy in China? A．From January to February. B．From March to June. C．From July to September. D．From October to December. 2．What is the right order (顺序) of the water cycle according to the text? A．Water vapour→Rain/Snow→Clouds→Rivers and Seas B．Water Vapour→Clouds→Rain/Snow→Rivers and Seas→Ground C．Rain/Snow→Ground→Water Vapour→Clouds→Rain/ Snow D．Clouds→Water Vapour→Ground→Rain/Snow→Clouds 3．Why is the water cycle important to Earth? A．Because it brings people warm weather. B．Because it cleans the air and the ground. C．Because it makes the weather nice. D．Because it keeps Earth warm. 4．Which of the following could be the best title (标题) for the passage? A．The Importance of Drinking Water B．The Different Kinds of Clouds C．How to Save Water D．Understanding the Water Cycle 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了水循环的过程及其重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据“but it’s most busy from March to June in China”可知，中国的水循环从3月到6月最为繁忙。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The water cycle always begins with water vapour.”和“The water vapour goes up, gets cold, and turns into clouds.”和“After that, the clouds travel through the sky and fall back to Earth as rain or snow.”和“Then, water goes into rivers and seas”以及“and finally it comes back to the ground again in different ways, like rain or snow.”可知，水循环起始于水蒸气，然后变成云，然后变成雨或雪，接着进入河流和海洋，最后回到地面。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The water cycle gives us water to drink and keeps our weather healthy.”可知，水循环对地球很重要，因为它使天气变好。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了水循环的过程及其重要性。选项D“了解水循环”最适合当标题。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·重庆忠县·期末） ① In the past, scientists made a study on if online brain (大脑) games could improve people’s IQ. They asked more than 8, 600 people aged 18 to 60 to play online brain games to improve their memory, reasoning and other skills, for at least 10 minutes a day, three times a week. The scientists compared (比较) them with more than 2, 700 people who didn’t play any brain games, but spent the same time surfing the Internet. All of them took an “IQ test” before and after the study. ② Scientists found even though those people did the brain training, they didn’t do any better in the test after six weeks than people who just surfed the Internet. “If you’re playing these games like SNAKE (贪吃蛇) because they’re fun, that’s fine.” said Adrian Owen, the study’s leader. “But if you expect these games to improve your IQ, our studies show they don’t work.” ③ They also found that millions of people all over the world played brain games in order to improve memory, reasoning and other thinking skills, though few studies found that the brain games worked. Not many studies showed the skills used in these brain games could transfer (迁移) to the real world. ④ The professor, Kramer, said people would be better to get some exercise. He said physical activities could help make new brain cells (细胞) . Doing exercise is far more useful than playing brain games. ⑤ Other experts said brain games might be useful, ▲ . “If you set these games to a very high level (水平) so that you don’t get the answers very often and they really make you upset, then it may be useful.” said Philip. ⑥ If people are enjoying the brain games, they may not get enough challenge (挑战) and might be playing a common video game as well. Philip said, “People should think about learning a new language or sport if they really want to improve their brain power.” “Computer games are not an easy shortcut (捷径). Getting smart is hard work.” he added. 1．What can we infer (推断) from the studies in the article? A．Many studies show that brain games are useful ways of improving IQ. B．Not many studies suggest the skills used in these brain games transfer to the real world. C．People may get smarter if they do physical activities such as running and swimming. D．Surfing the Internet is more useful in improving IQ than playing brain games. 2．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲ ? A．but you should practice more often B．but only if they were very difficult C．but only if they were interesting D．but you should learn from your mistakes 3．The structure of the article may be ________. A． B． C． D． 4．What is the best title for the article? A．Does Playing Brain Games Make You Smarter? B．Is Getting Smarter as Easy as Playing Games? C．How Can We Play Brain Games Well? D．How Can We Get Smarter? 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了脑力游戏对提高智商的效果有限，并建议通过学习新技能或进行身体锻炼来提升智力。 1．推理判断题。根据“He said physical activities could help make new brain cells (细胞) . Doing exercise is far more useful than playing brain games.”可知，体育活动可以帮助产生新的脑细胞，做运动比玩益智游戏有用得多。由此推知如果人们做一些体育活动，如跑步和游泳，他们可能会变得更聪明。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“If you set these games to a very high level (水平) so that you don’t get the answers very often and they really make you upset, then it may be useful.”可知，把游戏设置为一个非常高的水平，这样就不会经常得到答案，并且它们真的让你感到不安，那么它可能是有用的。由此推知此处是说提高脑力游戏的难度，有助于智力的发育；选项B“但前提是它们非常难”符合语境。故选B。 3．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第①段介绍了科学家关于在线大脑游戏能否提高智商的研究；第②③④⑤段介绍了研究成果，即没有多少研究表明脑力游戏是有用的，但通过运动可以提升智力水平；第⑥段是总结全文。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了脑力游戏对提高智商的效果有限，并建议通过学习新技能或进行身体锻炼来提升智力。选项A“玩益智游戏能让你更聪明吗？”符合文意。故选A。 主题06 人与自然-动植物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆万州·期末） Many animals use some kinds of “language”. They use signals (信号), and the signals have meanings. For example, if a bee (蜜蜂) finds some food, it goes back to its home quickly. It can’t speak, so it is difficult for a bee to tell its friends where the food is, but it can do a little dancing. This tells the other bees where the food is. Some animals show how they feel by making sounds (声音). When a dog is barking (吠叫), it is easy to know if it is angry. Birds make different sounds and each has its meaning. Sometimes we make sounds in the same way. When something hits (撞击) us on the head, we make sounds like “oh” to show how we feel. Maybe all animals have their languages, but we just don’t know. 1．What is a bee’s “language”? A．Singing. B．Walking. C．Dancing. D．Flying. 2．How many kinds of animals are mentioned (提及) in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．How can birds talk with their friends? A．By climbing. B．By singing. C．By drawing. D．By swimming. 4．Which is the best title (题目) for the passage? A．Language B．A Bee’s Language C．Man’s Language D．Animal’s Language 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了动物通过不同的信号和声音来交流和表达情感的方式。 1．细节理解题。根据“it can do a little dancing. This tells the other bees where the food is.”可知，蜜蜂的语言是“舞蹈”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。通读全文可知，文中提到了蜜蜂、狗和鸟，因此是三种动物。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Birds make different sounds and each has its meaning.”可知，鸟发出不同的声音，每种声音都有它的含义。由此推知鸟是通过唱歌与它们的朋友交流的。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了动物通过不同的信号和声音来交流和表达情感的方式。结合选项，D选项“动物的语言”符合文意，为最佳标题。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆潼南·期末） Long ago, when the God first planted a tree in the garden, it was full of energy and kept moving. Then the God pulled the tree out and planted it upside down to make sure it stayed in one place. What’s the tree? It’s the Baobab tree, also called monkey bread tree, bottle tree or others. The Baobab tree is a strange looking tree that grows in Africa and Australia. Just like its name “Bottle Tree”, it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air. But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out. Later the flowers can turn into fruit. Baobab is called “the tree of life”, because they can live longer than 1000 years old. In the dry land, the baobab can pull in and hold 1000 gallons of water. Thirsty people can drink the water stored in the tree. The fruit, monkey bread, is good to eat. Baobab leaves are a kind of medicine. People can use the bark (树皮) to make paper or cloth. When a baobab gets old, its trunk becomes hollow. An old tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. It is such a useful tree, some people could hardly live without it. 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By asking a question. B．By showing a story. C．By singing a song. D．By giving an example. 2．Which of the following pictures is the baobab in the dry season? A． B． C． D． 3．Which word is close to the meaning of the underlined (划线) word “hollow” in Paragraph 3? A．dirty B．modern C．empty D．useful 4．What can we infer from the text about the Baobab tree? A．It is useless in the rainy season. B．It has no value (价值) for the local people. C．It is very important for the local people. D．It is only used for building houses. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了非洲和澳大利亚特有的奇特树木——猴面包树及其多种用途。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Long long ago, when the God first planted a tree in the garden…”可知，作者以一个故事开头，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air.”可知，文章提到旱季时猴面包树没有叶子，像树干一样伸向空中，A图符合描述，故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“When a baobab gets old, its trunk becomes hollow. An old tree can hold many people.”可知，树干会变成空心的，因此可以容纳人，故划线单词“hollow”的意思为“中空的”，与“empty”意思相近，故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. It is such a useful tree, some people could hardly live without it.”可知，当地人经常在这些树干内建造房屋，这种树非常有用，有些人没有它就无法生存，故推测出它对当地人来说非常重要。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·重庆合川·期末） Long long ago, when the God first planted a tree in the garden, it was full of energy and kept moving. Then the God pulled the tree out and planted it upside down to make sure it stayed in one place. What’s the tree? It’s the Baobab tree, also called monkey bread tree, bottle tree or others. The Baobab tree is a strange looking tree that grows in Africa and Australia. Just like its name “Bottle Tree”, it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air. But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out. Later the flowers can turn into fruit. Baobab is called “the tree of life”, because they can live longer than 1000 years old. In the dry land, the baobab can pull in and hold 1000 gallons of water. Thirsty people can drink the water stored in the tree. The fruit, monkey bread, is good to eat. Baobab leaves are a kind of medicine. People can use the bark (树皮) to make paper or cloth. When a baobab gets old, its trunk becomes hollow. An old tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. It is such a useful tree, some people could hardly live without it. 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By asking a question. B．By showing a story. C．By singing a song. D．By giving an example. 2．Which of the following pictures is the baobab in the dry season? A． B． C． D． 3．Which word is close to the meaning of the underlined word “hollow” in paragraph 3? A．Dirty. B．Modern. C．Empty. D．Useful. 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．God and Baobab B．What Does Baobab Like in a Year C．Baobab’s Trunk, Leaves and Fruit D．A Special Tree—Baobab 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】‌本文主要介绍了非洲和澳大利亚特有的奇特树木——猴面包树及其多种用途。 1．细节理解题。根据“Long long ago, when the God first planted a tree in the garden…”可知，作者以一个故事开头，故选B。 2． 细节理解题。根据“it looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air.”可知，文章提到旱季时猴面包树没有叶子，“像树干一样伸向空中”，A图符合描述，故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“When a baobab gets old, its trunk becomes hollow. An old tree can hold many people.”可知，树干会变成空心的，因此可以容纳人，故划线单词“hollow”的意思为“中空的”，与“empty”意思相近，故选C。 4．最佳标题题。本文详细介绍了猴面包树的特点和重要性，因此最佳标题为“特殊的树——猴面包树”。故选D。 主题01 人与自我-文化 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆丰都·期末） Is life getting you tired or worried? Don’t let it! Try yoga. Feel good again. What’s your problem? Your brother is messing up (弄乱) your room again; your mother always asks you to study all the time; there will be two exams tomorrow. You feel tired all the time. If this sounds like you, give yoga a try. ______ Yoga has been around for thousands of years. It’s a kind of sport like a full set of exercises by sitting quietly and doing some movements to improve strength (体力). Yoga can help relax both your body and mind. Why is yoga popular? Almost anyone can practice yoga and it is liked by many people. Not only can it drive your tiredness away but it can also make you less worried, meaning you can confidently (自信地) face all that life throws at you. Where do I do it? You can practice yoga anywhere you can put your mat (垫子) down and relax. But first you should join a class to learn the basic (基础的) movements—and how to practice them safely. And in the yoga class, you can also ask the teacher for help at very beginning. What will I be doing? You will begin by learning a lot of simple movements that increase (增加) your flexibility (柔韧度) by building your body strength so that you’ll be stronger. You will learn to control your breathing, relax your mind. So what are you waiting for? Why don’t you get out there and try it? 1．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ______? A．Who does yoga? B．When do I do it? C．What is yoga? D．How do I do it? 2．According to the passage, which of the followings is TRUE? A．Practicing yoga can make you pass the exam at school easily. B．Yoga can relax your body and make your mind peace. C．The best place to put your mat is by the sea with clear air. D．You should stop breathing while doing some movements. 3．What is the purpose (目的) in writing this passage? A．To make people be peace with family. B．To increase people’s flexibility. C．To let more people do yoga. D．To control people’s mind. 4．In which part of newspaper, we can read the passage? A．Culture and life B．News and hot spots C．Science and invention D．Sports and health 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了瑜伽这项运动，它可以帮助你放松身心。 1．推理判断题。根据“It’s a kind of sport like a full set of exercises by sitting quietly and doing some movements to improve strength (体力).”可知，瑜伽是一种运动，如同进行一整套练习，通过安静地坐着并做一些动作来增强力量，这是在介绍瑜伽是什么。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Yoga can help relax both your body and mind.”可知，瑜伽可以帮助你放松身心。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“So what are you waiting for? Why don’t you get out there and try it?”可知，这篇文章的目的是呼吁更多的人来做瑜伽。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“It’s a kind of sport like a full set of exercises by sitting quietly and doing some movements to improve strength (体力).” “Yoga can help relax both your body and mind.”可知，本文主要介绍了瑜伽这项运动，它可以帮助你放松身心，我们可以在报纸的“运动与健康”部分看到本文。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·重庆开州·期末） Your favorite color can show a lot about your personality (性格). The form below explains the relationship between colors and personalities. Green is the color of peace and hope. Kind and peaceful people are often interested in green. They love nature, their families, friends and pets. It is the color for the garden lover and the home lover. The color blue means trust, responsibility (责任) and honesty. Blue lovers can be caring, soft, patient, and also be good at self-control. They are often respected for their wisdom. On the other hand, it’s possible that they worry too much. White offers a sense of peace and calm. As a symbol (象征) of purity, it’s often connected with perfection, honesty and cleanliness. A “white” person can be wise, self-controlled, and a great help when you are in need. The color red stands for liveliness and health. People with an outgoing personality like red better. They are active, open and brave. However, “red” people aren’t good at self-check. They can’t often realize their weakness. Yellow stands for imagination (想象), happiness, joy and wisdom. Yellow lovers usually have a sunny personality and a strong sense of humour. A “yellow” person may at times be a little bit careless, but his communication skills are excellent. 1．Miss Green loves green best, so she may ________. A．get angry easily B．treat her pets badly C．have few friends in life D．be interested in gardening 2．________ colors are mentioned (被提及) in this passage. A．Three B．Four C．Five D．Six 3．Yellow lovers are good at ________. A．self-check B．communication C．self-control D．sports 4．The reading is most probably taken from a ________. A．health report B．book review C．life magazine D．classical novel 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了不同颜色与性格的关系。 1．推理判断题。根据Green那一栏“It is the color for the garden lover and the home lover.”可知，绿色是园艺爱好者和家居爱好者喜欢的颜色。由此推知，如果格林夫人最喜欢绿色，那么她可能对园艺感兴趣。故选D。 2．细节理解题。文中依次提到了green、blue、white、red、yellow，共五种颜色，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Yellow lovers usually have a sunny personality and a strong sense of humour. A ‘yellow’ person may at times be a little bit careless, but his communication skills are excellent.”可知，喜欢黄色的人擅长沟通，故选B。 4．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了不同颜色与性格的关系，这种内容最有可能来自生活杂志，故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期末） MBTI (性格分类指标) is a personality (性格) test. Many people are very interested in it now. “Am I an ‘I’ person or an ‘E’ person?” “I” means introverted (性格内向的) while “E” means extroverted. A number of people take the test to find out the answer. They find the test helpful. The MBTI test puts people into 16 kinds. People can know what kind of persons they are by taking the test. It can help people have a better understanding of their personality. A greater self-understanding can be helpful in daily life and for interpersonal communication (人际交往), such as choosing a job or getting along with others. There are also some problems. Some people take the test for a second time and get different results. Some people find it difficult to answer some questions. For example, I like watching TV at home by myself. But I also enjoy going camping with my friends. Am I an ‘I’ or an ‘E’? “Personalities can change with time, and they are not black-or-white,” scientists say. You maybe introverted now but become extroverted when you get older. Or, you can be both an “I” and an “E”. You can be anyone you want to be! 1．What does the underlined word “extroverted” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．倔强的 B．外向的 C．有个性的 D．内向的 2．What can people use MBTI for? ①Choosing a job.        ②Fighting with others. ③Making good friends.        ④Understanding themselves better. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④ 3．What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To tell people personalities can change with time. B．To ask people to do MBTI test. C．To show people the MBTI test is not good. D．To introduce the MBTI test. 4．Where is the passage probably from? A．A storybook. B．A website. C．A travel guide. D．A novel. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了性格的分类指标，这个测试将人们分为16种，人们可以通过这个测试来知道他们是什么样的人。 1．词义猜测题。根据文章第一段划线单词所在句子“ ‘I’ means introverted (性格内向的) while ‘E’ means extroverted.”，可知划线单词和introverted (内向)是相反的意思，因此该题答案为B“外向的”。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段第三句“It can help people have a better understanding of their personality.”，可知④正确；根据文章第二段第四句“A greater self-understanding can be helpful in daily life and for interpersonal communication (人际交往), such as choosing a job or getting along with others.”，可知①③正确。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“Personalities can change with time, and they are not black-or-white,”可知，最后一段的目的是告诉人们性格会随着时间而改变。故选A。 4．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了MBTI 性格分类指标，包括其定义、作用以及存在的问题。这类科普性质的文章通常会出现在网站上，供读者了解和学习。而故事书、旅行指南和小说等文体与本文的性质不符。因此，可以推断这篇文章最有可能来自网站。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期末） Chinese culture covers quite different kinds of things. It’s very old and has deep meaning Food culture plays an important part in it. Different places in China have their own special foods. Chongqing is a great city in China and it has a very famous food—Chongqing Hot Pot. Chongqing Hot Pot appeared in Chongqing a long time ago. And it dates back in the late Qing Dynasty. At that time, some workers like dock (码头) workers and boat trackers (纤夫) cooked many kinds of things together in a pot. They did this because it was the easiest and fastest way to get the food ready and the weather in winter of Chongqing was wet and cold. And this slowly became the start of hot pot. The hot pot is really special. It has a spicy and numbing (麻的) taste. The bottom of the pot is made by boiling things like peppers, Chinese prickly ash (花椒) and beef tallow (牛油). Peppers make it spicy, Chinese prickly ash makes it numbing and beef tallow makes the taste nice and thick. There are so many things you can put in the hot pot, like tripe, duck intestine, aorta, beef and vegetables. People sit around the hot, steaming pot and put these things into the boiling pot to cook. For example, people usually cook the tripe (牛肚) by moving it up and down in the pot about seven to eight times. Then it becomes really crispy and yummy. The duck intestine (鸭肠) will curl up (蜷缩) after cooking for a few seconds and it tastes really fresh and crispy, too. Chongqing hot pot is amazing. Not only does it show the city’s passion, but also it expresses the Chinese food culture in a hot way. Taste it and let the deliciousness of fun begin! 1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Chinese culture. B．Chongqing Hot Pot. C．Food culture. D．Dock workers. 2．What made the taste of Chongqing Hot Pot numbing? A．Peppers. B．Beef tallow. C．Chinese prickly ash. D．Vegetables. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Dock workers and boat trackers put many things into different pots to cook. B．People usually stand around the pot and put the things into the boiling pot. C．Cooking the duck intestine doesn’t take much time. D．It’s necessary to cook the tripe into the pot for quite a few minutes. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．The Tasty Chongqing B．Hot Pot: A Special Chinese Food C．Foods in Chongqing D．Chinese Culture and Hot Pot 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的特殊食物——火锅。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Chongqing Hot Pot appeared in Chongqing a long time ago.”可知，句中“it”指的是重庆火锅，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Chinese prickly ash makes it numbing”可知，花椒让重庆火锅尝起来麻，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“The duck intestine (鸭肠) will curl up (蜷缩) after cooking for a few seconds”可知，烹饪鸭肠不需要太多时间，故选C。 4．标题判断题。阅读全文并根据最后一段“Not only does it show the city’s passion, but also it expresses the Chinese food culture in a hot way.”可知，本文主要介绍了中国的特殊食物——火锅，故选B。 主题02 人与社会-文化习俗 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·重庆·期末） ①AI tools, like ChatGPT, are becoming very popular for learning languages and doing translation work. ②Some teachers, students, and translators (翻译者) think these AI tools are very useful. Wang Huashu, a teacher at Beijing Foreign Studies University, says AI is changing (改变) the way teachers teach and students learn languages, even the way translators work. ③Teachers can use AI to create real talks for students to practice. Teachers first prepare some topics and then teach students some important sentences. After that, students can practice what they have learned with the AI tools in real life situations (情景). After talking, AI tools will give quick feedback (反馈) on students’ speaking. At last, AI can help to find good reading and listening materials (材料). ④AI also brings a new way to test language skills. In the past, we often used paper tests or talked to someone face to face. But now, because of AI, we can use online tests to see how good someone is at speaking, listening, reading, and writing. ⑤One example is the Duolingo English Test. With this, you can test your English on your own computer or phone. You get your results right away, and it tells you what you did well and what you need to improve. ⑥What’s more, AI tools can translate different languages very quickly, saving people a lot of time. This is very helpful in today’s world. Whether for work, school, or other reasons, AI tools can help people talk to each other in different languages easily. ⑦As AI is used more and more, some translators worry these AI tools will take their jobs. However, Wang Huashu says they don’t need to be too afraid. Because translation is not just about changing words from one language to another. It’s also about sharing culture and creating new understanding. Wang also says AI tools can’t do the creative and caring work that human translators can. 1．Who may be the most interested in this passage? A．Doctors. B．Math teachers. C．Language learners. D．Scientists. 2．Which of the following can match the information in paragraph ③? A． B． C． D． 3．Wang Huashu thinks AI tools are ______ A．useful and caring B．helpful and creative C．smart but not helpful D．useful but not caring 4．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了人工智能工具，如ChatGPT，在学习语言和做翻译工作方面变得非常流行。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some teachers, students, and translators (翻译者) think these AI tools are very useful”可知一些老师、学生和翻译家认为这些人工智能工具非常有用。他们都是语言学习者。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Teachers first prepare some topics and then teach...After that, students can practice what they have learned with the AI tools...After talking, AI tools will give quick feedback (反馈) on students’ speaking. At last, AI can help to find good reading and listening materials (材料).”可知老师先准备一些话题，然后教学生；之后，学生可以使用人工智能工具练习他们所学到的知识；之后人工智能工具会对学生的演讲进行快速反馈；最后，人工智能可以帮助找到好的阅读和听力材料。故选C。 3．观点态度题。根据最后一段“Wang also says AI tools can’t do the creative and caring work that human transla$