专题04 完形填空 （知识梳理+高频考点精讲+进阶分级练）（讲义，全国通用）英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕完形填空专题，整合词汇认知（熟词生义、一词多义）、语篇结构分析（句内、句组、语篇层次）、逻辑推断等核心考点，按“学考要求-必备知识-考点精讲-分级训练”逻辑架构，通过考点梳理、技巧指导（如首句概览法、语境推测法）、真题演练环节，帮助学生构建解题框架，突破词汇复现、逻辑关系等难点，体现复习系统性和针对性。 讲义以“技巧赋能-语境驱动-思维提升”为特色，创新运用关联词汇复现、逻辑关系（因果/转折）推断等策略，结合Evelyn健身故事等真题案例，培养学生语境理解与逻辑分析的思维品质。设置基础、进阶、综合三级分层练习，配合“通读-试填-复读”解题步骤口诀，高效夯实语言能力，既助力学生提升词汇运用与语篇把控能力，也为教师提供精准复习节奏指导。

专题04 完形填空 ( 目录 学考要求速览 ............................................................................................................1 必备知识梳理 ............................................................................................................1 高频考点精讲 ............................................................................................................2 进阶分级练 ..............................................................................................................13 ) 1. 熟悉文化常识、形成语言意识和思维品质 2. 掌握答题技巧，明确答题步骤 3. 熟悉语篇结构，根据句内层次、句组层次和语篇层次答题 完形填空是基于词汇考查的一种题型。同学们首先应加强积累，良好的词汇认知，熟词生义，一词多义是做好完形的必备能力。其次，同学们应熟悉语篇结构，重视主题句和关键句，把握文章的主题思想和写作态度。掌握完形填空答题技巧的同时还要对语言知识，文化意识和思维品质等学科核心素养进行渗透。 完形填空的解题步骤 1. 通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。 2. 瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先做有把握的问题，对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示。 3. 复读全文，解决疑难。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。 4. 再次复读，弥补疏漏。全部做好后，考生务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。 常用答题技能如下： 1.利用关联词汇； 关联词汇指某词以原词，同根词，同义词，近义词，上下义词，反义词等方式在语篇中复现。 2.利用逻辑推断； 句内或句组间常见的逻辑关系有因果，转折，对比，递进，并列，条件，概括，结果和顺序等关系。 3.利用语境提示； 语境既包括整个语篇的主旨也包括空格上下文较小语境的提示。 4.利用背景常识。 背景常识包括相关话题的文化背景知识，科普常识以及生活常识。 解题技巧一 首句概览法 在完形填空中，一般情况下，文章第一句话会交代人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点等，然后再介绍事件的发生、发展及结果。利用首句确定文章的体裁：如果文章开头交代事情发生的时间、地点以及人物等，这很可能就是一篇记叙文。 完形填空的首句或前几句话一般是完整的，这样便于考生理清思路，抓住文章的线索。由首句的提示及上下文之间的关系便能进一步了解短文的内容，为正确解题提供了依据。所以考生在做题时，若能认真读懂首句或前几句，就可以根据它们判断出文章的大意或主题，这样有助于有效地完成完形填空。 Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 1 seven years ago after having a 2 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 3 led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 4 . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 5 lifestyle, before discovering a 6 for weightlifting. Since setting out on the journey, the 7 lover has not only managed to 8 an impressive set of muscles but also a huge following on social media. The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 9 others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects. “Hold on: Consider failure as a 10 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “ 11 others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 12 .” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the 13 is to feel good, not look good.” Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 14 wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 15 for many social media users. 1．A．write B．travel C．exercise D．recover 2．A．goodwill B．timeout C．long-distance D．wake-up 3．A．normally B．ultimately C．suddenly D．automatically 4．A．change B．fortune C．wish D．deal 5．A．risky B．traditional C．comfortable D．healthy 6．A．demand B．secret C．passion D．cure 7．A．peace B．fitness C．fun D．nature 8．A．grow B．control C．activate D．relax 9．A．need B．choice C．reason D．difference 10．A．green light B．road block C．passing mark D．stepping stone 11．A．Help B．Consult C．Follow D．Forgive 12．A．accepted B．shared C．expected D．celebrated 13．A．goal B．case C．duty D．cost 14．A．instructors B．admirers C．beginners D．doubters 15．A．authority B．excuse C．inspiration D．option 解题技巧二 语境推测法 完形填空题的最大特点是——重点考查语境。所谓语境，就是指文章的上下文关系，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。 对于记叙文，文章以叙述为主，绝大部分篇幅是作者在描述事件，较少点明作者的观点。而作者的态度及观点往往隐含在叙述中，因此，这类试题常会出现作者的态度与观点隐性的跳跃式变换，增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性，这就要求考生在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境辨析词语，作出选择。 因为完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解，空格的前后多有暗示(后文暗示前文的居多)，所以考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，结合语境辨析所给选项，从中选出正确答案。对于那些一时无法确定答案的题，考生不要仅局限于空格前后的小范围语境，要把视野扩大到全文，有时，一旦和整篇短文联系起来，考生就会豁然开朗，很容易选出答案。 One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 16 the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 17 we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to 18 our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 19 with things that, while not particularly 20 , didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场). I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 21 , another asking for a price cut. As our 22 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The 23 : “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase. 24 , I posted more. My daily posts and the 25 I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 26 the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 27 . I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 28 that share our small space. I take 29 in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 30 something that couldn’t come with us. 16．A．painting over B．looking around C．emptying out D．pulling down 17．A．hotel B．office C．cottage D．apartment 18．A．store B．display C．sell D．repair 19．A．covered B．decorated C．stuffed D．equipped 20．A．conventional B．valuable C．complicated D．tolerable 21．A．fees B．photos C．receipts D．models 22．A．move B．pay C．market D．work 23．A．warning B．request C．description D．reply 24．A．Confused B．Interested C．Disappointed D．Encouraged 25．A．visits B．reports C．advice D．money 26．A．remove B．spare C．find D．check 27．A．investigated B．recognized C．encountered D．recommended 28．A．giveaways B．posts C．contributions D．belongings 29．A．joy B．part C．care D．time 30．A．anticipating B．appreciating C．delivering D．withdrawing 解题技巧三 上下文呼应法 上下文呼应法就是考生在做完形填空题时，必须注意上下文的连贯性及逻辑性，在了解文章大意的基础上，要按文章的先后顺序，对每道题所给词语的确切含义进行分析比较，并考虑到全文的语境，做到瞻前顾后，上下文呼应，运用逻辑思维进行答题的一种方法。 (1)注意上下文的信息提示：信息提示出现在前文时，可以直接根据前文的信息提示确定答案；信息提示出现在后文时，考生应该先把此空暂时搁置，在理解了后文意义之后再确定答案。 (2)通读全文，利用复现词语：在完形填空试题中，一些词语会重复出现在语篇之中。把握这些反复出现的词语，有利于考生确定正确答案。 When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to 31 , Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I 32 to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to 33 a sentence of  Italian together, the locals smiled at me and 34 my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language 35 . After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how 36 Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 37 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small 38 of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my 39 quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional 40 , and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families 41 for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can 42 . These meals are always 43 by laughter and joy. Whatever 44 life in Italy might have, the problems are 45 once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 31．A．study B．rent C．visit D．settle 32．A．planned B．struggled C．refused D．happened 33．A．string B．hang C．mix D．match 34．A．improved B．assessed C．admired D．praised 35．A．course B．barrier C．area D．test 36．A．open-minded B．strong-willed C．warm-hearted D．well-informed 37．A．remind B．allow C．persuade D．order 38．A．tricks B．promises C．acts D．duties 39．A．ambition B．success C．appetite D．growth 40．A．costume B．dish C．symbol D．tale 41．A．gather B．cheer C．leave D．wait 42．A．put up with B．stand up for C．come up with D．make up for 43．A．signaled B．confirmed C．represented D．accompanied 44．A．disadvantages B．meanings C．surprises D．opportunities 45．A．created B．forgotten C．understood D．identified 解题技巧四 文化背景法 文化背景法是考生根据自己已经掌握的或具备的文化背景和生活常识，如科学、历史文化，风俗民情等方面的知识，对完形填空中出现的相关问题作出分析与判断的方法。 由于完形填空命题的基本形式是独立的语篇，它以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，因此，考生在做题时应该：1.利用英语国家的文化背景知识(包括英语国家的风俗习惯、历史事件、地理位置等)；注意中西方文化的差异；简化复杂的分析与判断过程。2.结合生活常识，避免常识性错误。完形填空文章的内容与日常生活相关，因此当考生对语言的把握不准确时，可充分利用社会知识和科普知识来帮助自己判断，这就要求考生平时既要多体验生活，又要博览群书。 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 46 the course earlier than she did. Her 47 came because she was carrying a 48 across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 49 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 50 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 51 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 52 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 53 attention. Once there, Lenoue was 54 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 55 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more 56 about why her act is considered a big 57 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 58 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the 59 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 60 of human kindness won the day. 46．A．designed B．followed C．changed D．finished 47．A．delay B．chance C．trouble D．excuse 48．A．judge B．volunteer C．classmate D．competitor 49．A．race B．school C．town D．training 50．A．agreed B．returned C．stopped D．promised 51．A．courage B．aid C．patience D．advice 52．A．went away B．stood up C．stepped aside D．bent down 53．A．medical B．public C．constant D．equal 54．A．interrupted B．assessed C．identified D．appreciated 55．A．hunger B．pain C．cold D．tiredness 56．A．worried B．ashamed C．confused D．discouraged 57．A．game B．problem C．lesson D．deal 58．A．leave B．cure C．bother D．understand 59．A．ride B．test C．meet D．show 60．A．secret B．display C．benefit D．exchange Passage 1 In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 1 . They could not afford to pay for 2 for their dog, Tiffy, and 3 wanted to take her with them. It just 4 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 5 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 6 Tiffy. When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 7 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 8 for him, having to leave his dog to a 9 and trust that everything would 10 . After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 11 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 12 them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was 13 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 14 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 15 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again. 1．A．turn B．budget C．schedule D．connection 2．A．food B．shelter C．medicine D．transportation 3．A．desperately B．temporarily C．secretly D．originally 4．A．appeared B．proved C．happened D．showed 5．A．waited B．offered C．hurried D．failed 6．A．see off B．look for C．hand over D．pick up 7．A．confused B．nervous C．annoyed D．curious 8．A．hard B．fine C．common D．lucky 9．A．coworker B．passenger C．stranger D．neighbor 10．A．speed up B．work out C．come back D．take off 11．A．feed B．follow C．change D．load 12．A．call B．join C．leave D．serve 13．A．unnecessary B．unexpected C．unavoidable D．uneventful 14．A．returned B．fought C．flew D．agreed 15．A．thankful B．generous C．proud D．sympathetic Passage 2 Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it 16 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 17 , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 18 . They’re part of a new form of the 19 economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in 20 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s 21 . It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 22 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 23 . But house sitting also offers a level of 24 they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like 25 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high 26 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s 27 . For Jessica, that means 28 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 29 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 30 ,” she says. 16．A．indoors B．online C．single-handed D．full-time 17．A．game B．service C．vacation D．procedure 18．A．safe B．busy C．helpful D．affordable 19．A．local B．private C．sharing D．agricultural 20．A．strangers’ B．parents’ C．co-workers’ D．neighbors’ 21．A．favor B．defense C．honor D．absence 22．A．plan B．explain C．compare D．complete 23．A．buy B．transport C．choose D．please 24．A．support B．comfort C．control D．attention 25．A．cooking B．staying C．waiting D．studying 26．A．success B．survival C．growth D．unemployment 27．A．budget B．abilities C．expectations D．understanding 28．A．admiring B．donating C．sending D．borrowing 29．A．clean B．open C．simple D．empty 30．A．guess B．decision C．response D．impression Passage 3 My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our 31 are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 32 along Chalk Creek. I was 33 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 34 , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So 35 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 36 — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 37 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 38 our peaceful morning trip. The 39 picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 40 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No 41 . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 42 , a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were 43 . Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of 44 , wondering what camping fun and 45 we will experience next. 31．A．ideas B．jokes C．memories D．discoveries 32．A．camped B．drove C．walked D．cycled 33．A．annoyed B．surprised C．disappointed D．worried 34．A．unhurt B．unfortunate C．uncomfortable D．unafraid 35．A．due to B．instead of C．apart from D．as for 36．A．worked B．happened C．mattered D．changed 37．A．signed up B．calmed down C．checked out D．headed off 38．A．arranged B．interrupted C．completed D．recorded 39．A．wind B．noise C．temperature D．speed 40．A．find B．hide C．start D．fix 41．A．luck B．answer C．wonder D．signal 42．A．patiently B．tirelessly C．doubtfully D．helplessly 43．A．sorry B．brave C．safe D．right 44．A．relief B．duty C．pride D．excitement 45．A．failure B．adventure C．performance D．conflict Passage 4 Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times,and has even learned to 46 different dialects (方言), leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor”. The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a 47 However,he is more devoted to his “ 48 ” than any real actor. In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the 49 , Wang disguised (伪装) himself and 50 the beggars. Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the 51 of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the 52 of the beggars. “I often 53 them to drink alcohol. Once they were 54 ,they began to talk a lot,"Wang said. “I'd then 55 myself to use the toilet, 56 what the beggars said, and send the 57 to my teammates.” Wang, who is often in 58 situations, is also a judo (柔道) master.  “As long as I get close enough, no criminal can 59 from me,” he said. Wang's 60 won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit. 46．A．teach B．compare C．assess D．speak 47．A．lawyer B．doctor C．policeman D．businessman 48．A．role B．study C．family D．audience 49．A．minor B．case C．future D．question 50．A．interviewed B．joined C．arrested D．assisted 51．A．challenge B．experience C．appearance D．freedom 52．A．vote B．sympathy C．permission D．trust 53．A．invited B．forced C．helped D．expected 54．A．drunk B．deserted C．bored D．lost 55．A．guide B．persuade C．excuse D．allow 56．A．refer to B．note down C．ask about D．miss out 57．A．plan B．agreement C．direction D．information 58．A．awkward B．dangerous C．unfortunate D．strange 59．A．separate B．recover C．escape D．hear 60．A．courage B．honesty C．kindness D．optimism Passage 5 My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 61 little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its 62 throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 63 help during our spring break, for which I had no 64 beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d 65 minimum wage. I’d see how a factory 66 . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 67 . Our 68 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 69 bunny from the belt. This was 70 than it sounds. 71 a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d   72 . Dad 73 . The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood 74 food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 75 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me. 61．A．sold B．ordered C．made D．reserved 62．A．stores B．families C．schools D．citizens 63．A．generous B．financial C．technical D．temporary 64．A．plans B．problems C．excuses D．hobbies 65．A．offer B．earn C．set D．suggest 66．A．worked B．closed C．developed D．survived 67．A．ambition B．permission C．experience D．invitation 68．A．joys B．ideas C．roles D．choices 69．A．Save B．Keep C．Stop D．Remove 70．A．harder B．better C．longer D．cheaper 71．A．Calm down B．Slow down C．Stay on D．Move on 72．A．indicated B．witnessed C．expected D．remembered 73．A．cried B．smiled C．hesitated D．refused 74．A．tasting B．finding C．sharing D．delivering 75．A．withdraw B．donate C．receive D．appreciate Passage 6 Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 76 . He learned the value and beauty of 77 there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 78 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 79 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 80 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 81 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 82 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 83 during the daytime. He turned to the 84 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 85 a nearby island where he began to plant trees. 86 young plants in the dry season was 87 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 88 of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 89 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below. Molai 90 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 76．A．dream B．job C．home D．choice 77．A．nature B．youth C．culture D．knowledge 78．A．precious B．interesting C．disturbing D．awkward 79．A．waste B．tension C．pain D．damage 80．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise 81．A．agreed B．realized C．remembered D．predicted 82．A．noise B．heat C．disease D．dust 83．A．directions B．partners C．help D．shelter 84．A．labor B．police C．forest D．finance 85．A．rebuilt B．discovered C．left D．managed 86．A．Decorating B．Observing C．Watering D．Guarding 87．A．tough B．illegal C．fantastic D．beneficial 88．A．back B．top C．foot D．side 89．A．cool down B．keep off C．purify D．collect 90．A．returned B．learned C．failed D．continued Passage 1 Elena wiped the dust from her only pair of shoes, her eyes fixed on the grand art school across the street. She had dreamed of becoming a painter since she was a child, but her family’s 1 made it seem impossible. Her parents worked 2 at a local factory, yet money was always tight. Every day after school, Elena worked at a small café to help with household expenses. But she never 3 her passion. In the corner of her tiny room, she kept a box of 4 brushes and leftover paints. Late at night, when the world was quiet, she would 5 — on old newspapers, cardboard, or any surface she could find. One rainy afternoon, her art teacher, Mr. Harris, noticed a 6 she had left behind. “This is extraordinary,” he said, pointing to the 7 lines of a bird breaking free from a cage. He encouraged her to enter a city-wide art competition, but Elena hesitated. “I have no proper materials,” she whispered 8 . Mr. Harris smiled. “Talent isn’t about the 9 ; it’s about the heart behind them.” For weeks, Elena 10 her soul into her entry (参赛作品). She painted the story of her family’s 11 — the tired but hopeful eyes of her mother, the strong hands of her father, and the lively colors of their dreams. When the results were announced, Elena’s painting won the first prize: a scholarship to the art school she 12 and a set of professional art supplies. Tears filled her eyes as she realized that limitations had never defined her 13 ; they had only strengthened her 14 . Her journey taught her that even the shabby brushes can create 15 , if guided by courage and hope. 1．A．struggles B．tragedies C．plans D．secrets 2．A．carelessly B．tirelessly C．peacefully D．occasionally 3．A．accounted for B．looked for C．gave up on D．relied on 4．A．brand-new B．well-made C．worn-out D．much-loved 5．A．entertain B．remark C．interact D．paint 6．A．pencil B．painting C．backpack D．message 7．A．straight B．dark C．simple D．powerful 8．A．shyly B．eagerly C．angrily D．gratefully 9．A．achievements B．skills C．tools D．results 10．A．poured B．hid C．threw D．lost 11．A．suffering B．love C．unity D．toughness 12．A．attended B．quit C．admired D．ran 13．A．school B．potential C．work D．poverty 14．A．determination B．confidence C．patience D．independence 15．A．insights B．resources C．treasures D．wonders Passage 2 Whenever I felt disappointed I often thought of what my mother had said to me, “Everything happens for the best. If you 16 , one day something good will happen. And you’ll realize that it wouldn’t have happened if not for that previous 17 .” As it turned out, mother was right. In 1932, I ended my college life. 18 that, I had decided to try for a job in radio, and then could work my way up to sports 19 . I went to Chicago and knocked on the door of every station and got turned down every time. In one station, a 20 lady told me that big stations couldn’t risk hiring a person who lacked 21 . “Go to 22 towns and find a little station that will give you a chance”, she said. I then 23 to Dixon. While there was no radio-announcing jobs in Dixon, my father said Montgomery Ward had opened a store and wanted an athlete to 24 its sports department. Since Dixon was where I had played high school football, I applied. The job sounded just right for me. But I wasn’t 25 . My disappointment must have 26 . “Everything happens for the best,” Mom reminded me. Dad offered me one car for me to hunt jobs. I 27 WOC Radio in Davenport. The program director, a wonderful Scotsman named Peter MacArthur, told me they had already 28 a contract with another announcer. Seeing my frustration(挫折) boiling over, Peter asked if I knew anything about football and let me 29 an imaginary game. I did well, and Peter told me I would be broadcasting Saturday’s game! I often 30 what direction my life might have taken if I’d gotten the job at Montgomery Ward or if I didn’t persist. 16．A．go on B．hold up C．look on D．stay up 17．A．successes B．disappointments C．lives D．results 18．A．Since B．After C．Before D．During 19．A．announcer B．athlete C．hostess D．performer 20．A．beautiful B．kind C．strict D．cruel 21．A．money B．knowledge C．appearance D．experience 22．A．down B．small C．big D．faraway 23．A．walked B．saw C．added D．turned 24．A．run B．buy C．sell D．show 25．A．fired B．employed C．fitted D．satisfied 26．A．disappeared B．fallen C．shown D．responded 27．A．visited B．tried C．passed D．poured 28．A．signed B．assigned C．designed D．resigned 29．A．watch B．coach C．broadcast D．play 30．A．doubted B．wondered C．intended D．expected Passage 3 There was once a boy called Joseph who always loved to show off how many friends he had at school. One day his 31 said to him, “Joseph, I bet (打赌) you a big bag of popcorn that you don’t have as many friends as you think. I’m sure many of them are nothing more than companions.” Joseph 32 the bet at once. However, he wasn’t sure how to test 33 his schoolmates were real friends or not, so he asked his grandfather. The old man answered, “Wait a minute.” Then he left and returned soon as if carrying something in his hands, but Joseph could see nothing there. “Take it. It’s a very 34 chair because it’s invisible (看不见). It’s rather 35 to sit on, but if you take it to school and 36 to sit on it, you’ll activate (激活) its 37 and it’ll be able to tell who your real friends are.” Joseph, brave and determined, set off for 38 with the special and invisible chair. At break time he asked everyone to form a 39 , and he put himself in the middle, with his chair. Having difficulty seeing it, Joseph tried to sit on it but he 40 the seat and fell straight onto his backside. Everyone around him had a pretty good laugh. “Wait! Let me try again,” Joseph said. But again, he missed the seat, 41 more laughs. Joseph didn’t 42 and kept trying to sit on the magic chair. But he kept falling to the ground... until suddenly he tried again but didn’t 43 . Looking around, Joseph saw three of his best friends holding him up. 44 , many others he had thought of as friends had done nothing but make fun of him. And there, the show came to an end. Joseph understood that true friends were those who care for him, and not just the 45 that happened to be passing by. And someone who took joy in his misfortunes was even less of a friend. 31．A．schoolmate B．classmate C．grandfather D．expert 32．A．organized B．noticed C．accepted D．ignored 33．A．how B．that C．why D．whether 34．A．narrow B．unique C．slim D．graceful 35．A．awkward B．comfortable C．challenging D．amazing 36．A．pretend B．manage C．volunteer D．struggle 37．A．magic B．promise C．memory D．response 38．A．flat B．gym C．stadium D．school 39．A．popcorn B．circle C．chair D．track 40．A．missed B．annoyed C．packed D．cheated 41．A．providing B．moving C．losing D．causing 42．A．check in B．work out C．lose heart D．make sense 43．A．skip B．fall C．suffer D．laugh 44．A．However B．Moreover C．Besides D．Therefore 45．A．passengers B．companions C．competitors D．teammates Passage 4 I never imagined I’d be in this situation. I could feel my windpipe (气管) slowly 46 as a high schooler squeezed my neck. How did I 47 here, lying on the floor, getting strangled (掐住脖子) by someone so young? It all began when I took a trial class at a Brazilian jujutsu (柔术) academy. Though I’d been a fan of action movies and 48 by martial arts for years, I hadn’t done anything more 49 than running for a bus. My initial 50 was looking foolish in the uniform — gi. I worried I’d be laughed at. 51 , everyone was incredibly nice, even when I accidentally put my knee on someone’s neck. Eventually, I 52 my anxiety and bought a gi for practice. Months later, I’m still terrible at it. I always forget basic moves and often get 53 quickly. But the most meaningful part came when my son joined the children’s class. His 54 in learning with his dad showed that being a beginner is nothing to 55 . This journey has taught me to 56 challenges despite knowing I might fail. Jujitsu has given me 57 to try new things. The experience has been 58 for my personal growth. Now I understand that true strength isn’t about being perfect, but about having the courage to 59 . Don’t let fear of 60 stop you from trying. You might discover unexpected joys and be surprised by what you can do. 46．A．opening B．closing C．widening D．sharpening 47．A．end up B．turn up C．break up D．set up 48．A．limited B．touched C．shocked D．fascinated 49．A．athletic B．academic C．artistic D．economic 50．A．hope B．blessing C．concern D．doubt 51．A．Surprisingly B．Unfortunately C．Naturally D．Seriously 52．A．ignored B．overcame C．accepted D．forgot 53．A．bored B．delighted C．confused D．breathless 54．A．fear B．embarrassment C．enthusiasm D．criticism 55．A．be proud of B．look forward to C．be afraid of D．put up with 56．A．avoid B．embrace C．reject D．create 57．A．excuses B．courage C．equipment D．techniques 58．A．valuable B．stressful C．meaningless D．demanding 59．A．end B．argue C．begin D．leave 60．A．judgement B．darkness C．death D．failure Passage 5 “Mom, we need to come up with a hobby to do together on Skype,” my daughter Kristen said one day. Two years ago, Kristen had moved from Philadelphia to San Francisco. While we had video calls regularly, she longed for something more 61 . I thought hard and said, “You know I’m terrible at crafts, but what about making pot holders (锅垫)?” I remembered 62 them with cotton threads over a small loom (织布机). They were simple to master, 63 , I hoped I still had the skills. Without 64 , Kristen accepted the idea. She immediately 65 weaving looms and materials for both of us online, calling our project “Patti’s Pot Holders”. And so, our weekly crafting sessions began. We spend time 66 the instructions through the Skype video call: 67 the threads horizontally (水平地) to the sides of the frame, then weaving others over and under them. It required 68 and patience. However, as our fingers grew more skilled with the rhythm of the work, a wonderful 69 occurred. We found we could work almost 70 , freeing us to have long conversations. Our talks grew 71 . We asked each other honest questions and shared true feelings. I felt I learned more about my daughter than when she lived 72 . Now, the colorful pot holders I’ve made so far 73 on my kitchen wall like an art display. But what 74 most was the bond we built through those shared hours across the miles. Like angels flying between Philadelphia and San Francisco, our love found a new way to 75 . 61．A．meaningful B．popular C．flexible D．challenging 62．A．tying B．teaching C．weaving D．drawing 63．A．therefore B．otherwise C．meanwhile D．however 64．A．warning B．hesitation C．discussion D．doubt 65．A．ordered B．rented C．collected D．researched 66．A．looking out B．picking up C．figuring out D．taking up 67．A．pushing B．stretching C．attaching D．extending 68．A．strength B．focus C．courage D．intelligence 69．A．shift B．pause C．rhythm D．balance 70．A．continuously B．properly C．effectively D．automatically 71．A．funnier B．deeper C．louder D．shorter 72．A．abroad B．online C．faraway D．nearby 73．A．rest B．hang C．lay D．hold 74．A．worked B．seemed C．considered D．mattered 75．A．connect B．fade C．appear D．represent A One night, Sean saw an interesting scene. Four robots were lined up. They appeared to have been 1 in their tracks because the leader was stopped behind a carelessly placed bike. Some people tried to help, but soon they were annoyed at the lead robot’s lack of 2 their efforts. People might not realize these robots were 3 to the rule that they wouldn’t move until humans stopped crossing in front of them. It’s not 4 being a delivery robot. In America, they have been kicked or hit 5 by angry people. They’ve become popular subjects of online fail videos. In these videos, they can be seen 6 stairs or bumping into the furniture. There are also some potential 7 to overcome before delivery robots can be widely used. Because of 8 concerns, many cities have banned these robots. A scientist from Michigan expressed similar 9 . He pointed out the danger the robots would bring to the public if they failed to work properly. 10 , delivery robots have a fairly low carrying capacity. That’s to say, the number and type of deliveries that they can complete is few. Besides, the robots need to remain within a certain range of a 11 station in case they run out of power. Therefore, they are also 12 in their potential range. This could make their application 13 , especially in areas far from major city centers. Society’s growing 14 for contactless delivery services has driven up demand for delivery robots. However, these machines still have a long way to go before they have what it truly takes to face the 15 realities of the real world. 1．A．tested B．targeted C．stuck D．harmed 2．A．response to B．reward with C．review of D．blame for 3．A．important B．loyal C．close D．unique 4．A．common B．interesting C．easy D．fair 5．A．heavily B．curiously C．helplessly D．carefully 6．A．walking up B．sitting on C．cleaning up D．falling down 7．A．benefits B．illnesses C．challenges D．mistakes 8．A．safety B．health C．environment D．future 9．A．dreams B．doubts C．feelings D．desires 10．A．Surprisingly B．Additionally C．Fortunately D．Thankfully 11．A．charging B．space C．departing D．comfort 12．A．lost B．disappointed C．limited D．engaged 13．A．worthwhile B．reliable C．threatening D．slow 14．A．control B．preference C．competition D．fear 15．A．cultural B．pleasant C．physical D．unpredictable B When I entered Grade 10, I was so shy that I even avoided asking the teacher questions. One Monday, I found a yellow sticky note on my desk without name, just a simple 16 : “Your smile lights up the room!” I felt 17 when I saw the note. The next day another note appeared: “Great job answering in history class!” I had only memorized (记忆) one sentence, but someone 18 . I began to 19 myself — was I really that worthy? Weeks passed and the notes kept coming. They 20 small things: my neat handwriting, the way I helped classmates, even the funny 21 I drew on the margins (页边空白). I started to sit straighter, speak louder, and greet others first. Then came the mid-term oral exam. My hands were sweating as I walked to the front. Just before I spoke, I saw a yellow corner sticking out of my pencil case: “ 22 — you’ve got this!” That tiny word was like a 23 pushing me forward. I finished the speech 24 and even earned an “A”. After class, I decided to 25 the mystery writer. I handed out thank-you cards to the whole class, 26 one blank piece of yellow sticky paper inside each envelope. The next morning, I received 35 pieces back — everyone had written a kind word. The mystery remained, but it no longer 27 . Now, two years later, I still keep the first yellow note in my diary. Whenever new students arrive, I 28 a small card on their desks: “You’re 29 than you think.” I don’t sign my name, because I know a single sentence can 30 a life. 16．A．goal B．greeting C．message D．topic 17．A．anxious B．warm C．awkward D．confident 18．A．repeated B．corrected C．noticed D．whispered 19．A．doubt B．attract C．pride D．hide 20．A．praised B．listed C．discovered D．created 21．A．notes B．cartoons C．maps D．tiles 22．A．Relax B．Hurry C．Wait D．Listen 23．A．wind B．voice C．hand D．light 24．A．carefully B．nervously C．slowly D．fluently 25．A．organize B．find C．replace D．challenge 26．A．hiding B．drawing C．including D．folding 27．A．worked B．appeared C．improved D．mattered 28．A．put up B．hand out C．look up D．pickup 29．A．braver B．busier C．kinder D．older 30．A．save B．change C．spare D．direct C Yesterday morning, I left a note on the desk for my nine-year-old daughter. I 31 : “Ann, please remember to circle which shirt on the printout you want me to 32 for you, to bring the new pencils to school for kids in need and to fill the form of your vacation activities and bring it to school, too.” The tasks about the shirt and the pencils were 33 while the form required more effort. Later, I saw she wanted me to purchase a green shirt, and the pencils were 34 . But the form was still there, 35 . I had three specific requests; 36 , she’d left out the most important one. The night before, we had discussed the 37 of leaving the task unfinished: She wouldn’t 38 the sports team she wanted to join. She was so 39 that she shed tears and promised to take all the assigned tasks seriously in 40 . It’s normal for her to 41 the tasks. Research finds when people are required to do multiple tasks, most people do the easy ones first and leave the hard stuff for later. Psychologists call this 42 “the smaller tasks trap”. Looking back, I should have assessed my priorities and only asked my daughter to 43 the form. The things about the shirt and the pencils could be done on another day. Don’t create long task 44 for other people. Too many requests can lead to fewer getting done. Do prioritize what you ask other people to do and 45 the important ones to ensure they are not left unfinished. 31．A．reasoned B．wrote C．imagined D．translated 32．A．color B．design C．order D．borrow 33．A．accessible B．random C．painless D．ordinary 34．A．kept B．gone C．damaged D．delivered 35．A．wet B．complete C．dirty D．blank 36．A．frequently B．apparently C．probably D．especially 37．A．fact B．cause C．purpose D．consequence 38．A．set up B．look into C．qualify for D．withdraw from 39．A．regretful B．rough C．strict D．unfortunate 40．A．total B．vain C．turn D．future 41．A．skip B．update C．assign D．perform 42．A．lifestyle B．campaign C．tendency D．challenge 43．A．find out B．make up C．wait for D．attend to 44．A．lists B．procedures C．conditions D．presentations 45．A．predict B．highlight C．imagine D．solve D At my heaviest, I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to 46 bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. Worried about my health, I tried various diets but nothing 47 . I came to believe that I could do nothing about my 48 . Then something enlightening happened when I was 50. That year, I attended a seminar(研讨会). One participant 49 me with her project, where she not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children. What a perfect 50 of healing oneself and healing the world! 51 by her story, I created the As We Heal, the World Heals project. My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 52 a campaign to end hunger. As I began my program, I was afraid that I would 53 the same difficulties that beat me before. But there were also signs that I was on the right 54 . I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It turned out perfect. Donations began 55 in from hundreds of people. Of course, I also took some 56 steps to lose weight. I 57 a doctor, ate healthy meals, and most importantly, exercised 58 . A year later, I 59 my goal! I feel that I’ve been given a second life to devote to something that is 60 and enormous. 46．A．add B．acquire C．kill D．concern 47．A．existed B．mattered C．remained D．worked 48．A．weight B．height C．struggle D．emotion 49．A．impressed B．rewarded C．provided D．pleased 50．A．expectation B．operation C．connection D．combination 51．A．Amused B．Confused C．Inspired D．Annoyed 52．A．in honour of B．in place of C．in charge of D．in support of 53．A．experience B．overcome C．balance D．describe 54．A．attitude B．row C．path D．spot 55．A．breaking B．flooding C．jumping D．stepping 56．A．thorough B．practical C．efficient D．flexible 57．A．looked for B．thought of C．consulted with D．agreed with 58．A．regularly B．cautiously C．formally D．occasionally 59．A．achieved B．checked C．set D．scored 60．A．thankful B．meaningful C．skillful D．respectful E Anxiously, I looked through the roster (花名册) posted on the wall. My body 61 as I saw all my friends’ names but did not find mine. I could feel the 62 building in my eyes. I felt dead inside, as if nothing 63 . When I got back home, my father noticed my sullen(阴郁的) walk and gloomy face, and asked me what was wrong. “All my friends 64 the school team. Everyone! Except me...” I stammered. “Well, what are you going to do about it? Are you just going to sit there?” he asked. I didn’t know what to say, just shaking my head. I thought hard for thirty minutes about what my dad said, and it started 65 . Nobody was going to offer me a(n) 66 on that team. I would have to 67 it. 68 , there was a gym near my school, so as soon as school was over, I biked to the gym and 69 hard. I ran, dribbled and shot 70 I collapsed(倒) on the floor every single day. There were moments when I didn’t think I could keep on going, but I 71 it through. After all, I thought, hard work 72 talent when talent doesn’t work hard. After almost a year, I tried out for my seventh-grade team with great 73 . Regardless of the outcome, I knew that I had worked hard and learned something about 74 toughness. The next day, seeing my name printed in large bold letters, I realized I made it. The greater the effort, the sweeter the reward, and I officially made a 75 . 61．A．bent B．expanded C．froze D．suffered 62．A．tears B．laugh C．anxiety D．joy 63．A．worked B．mattered C．changed D．survived 64．A．won B．acquired C．secured D．made 65．A．getting over B．making sense C．shooting up D．backing down 66．A．hand B．option C．spot D．account 67．A．battle B．seek C．recognize D．earn 68．A．Conveniently B．Accidentally C．Frankly D．Surprisingly 69．A．trained B．struggled C．thought D．failed 70．A．as B．although C．unless D．until 71．A．looked B．powered C．thought D．broke 72．A．stresses B．concerns C．beats D．benefits 73．A．talent B．pressure C．confidence D．loss 74．A．technical B．social C．physical D．mental 75．A．breakthrough B．turnaround C．backup D．countdown F This year was special for Zhu Jiejing, a famous dancer from the Shanghai Dance Theatre. She has deeply touched us with her 76 battle against cancer. Zhu Jiejing was diagnosed with breast cancer, and the treatment journey was 77 tough. Six chemotherapy sessions（化疗疗程） tested both her body and 78 . Each session was a struggle, as the drug, while fighting the cancer cells, brought about endless suffering. 79 bothered her constantly, casting heavy shadows over her life. However, on January 18th, 2025, just after her last 80 in hospital, Zhu Jiejing headed to Beijing without 81 to participate in the rehearsal of the Spring Festival Gala. As soon as the stage lights came on, she seemed to forget all the pain in an instant. She said,“Only the stage, only dance, and only performance can 82 me.” The statement vividly 83 her profound love for dance. Recalling Zhu Jiejing’s dance path, it is like a 84 . With her outstanding 85 and hard work, she started from a six-year-old in a dance interest class to winning the“Lotus Award”. Like a seed 86 the soil, she tried to grow towards the sky of art. She became a guiding light in the hearts of numerous young 87 . Each of her performances has 88 the audience with a visual feast. Zhu Jiejing’s fight against cancer shows us the 89 of life. She uses dance to write a brilliant chapter: never 90 to fate, but go all out for passion. May she continue to shine brightly in the world of dance. 76．A．respected B．determined C．flexible D．stable 77．A．incredibly B．suddenly C．smoothly D．basically 78．A．shortcut B．willpower C．mindset D．outcome 79．A．Eye contact B．Heart disease C．Side effects D．Work loads 80．A．performance B．training C．decision D．treatment 81．A．hesitation B．support C．doubt D．excuse 82．A．change B．relieve C．beat D．heal 83．A．stresses B．resists C．increases D．showcases 84．A．fantasy B．legend C．romance D．dilemma 85．A．hobby B．adventure C．talent D．curiosity 86．A．setting out B．coming out C．breaking through D．looking through 87．A．patients B．doctors C．dancers D．classmates 88．A．presented B．benefited C．contained D．informed 89．A．kindness B．persistence C．commitment D．adaptation 90．A．nod B．head C．wave D．bow G One Sunday morning, I was busy with my homework when I heard a soft knock on my door. It was my mom, 91 a small box wrapped (包装) in colorful paper. “Happy birthday!” she said with a 92 . I had completely forgotten about my own birthday. I opened the 93 and found a beautiful diary inside. “Mom, why did you get me a diary?” I asked, confused. She sat down beside me and said, “I know you’re 94 and have a lot on your mind. Sometimes it’s 95 to talk about everything, but writing can be a great way to express yourself.” I thanked her and put the diary aside, thinking it was just another 96 . But that evening, as I sat alone in my room, I 97 to give it a try. I started 98 about my day, my feelings, and my dreams. It felt strange at first, but soon I found comfort in writing my thoughts onto the 99 . A few days later, I shared some of my 100 with my mom. She listened 101 and shared her thoughts. It was our first deep and 102 conversation. The diary turned out to be a useful tool for us to 103 . It showed me that my mom was always there, ready to listen to and 104 me. And it taught me the importance of 105 my feelings, not just with a diary, but with the people who care about me. 91．A．selling B．picking C．holding D．opening 92．A．pity B．smile C．cry D．letter 93．A．box B．door C．window D．book 94．A．working out B．giving up C．growing up D．slowing down 95．A．impolite B．hard C．boring D．crazy 96．A．excuse B．problem C．gift D．joke 97．A．remembered B．agreed C．decided D．promised 98．A．writing B．worrying C．complaining D．arguing 99．A．grounds B．pages C．walls D．boards 100．A．fear B．grades C．money D．stories 101．A．thankfully B．patiently C．angrily D．hardly 102．A．meaningful B．short C．unsuccessful D．sad 103．A．explore B．study C．connect D．relax 104．A．support B．follow C．ask D．hurt 105．A．changing B．sharing C．comparing D．forgetting / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 完形填空 ( 目录 学考要求速览 ............................................................................................................1 必备知识梳理 ............................................................................................................1 高频考点精讲 ............................................................................................................2 进阶分级练 ..............................................................................................................13 ) 1. 熟悉文化常识、形成语言意识和思维品质 2. 掌握答题技巧，明确答题步骤 3. 熟悉语篇结构，根据句内层次、句组层次和语篇层次答题 完形填空是基于词汇考查的一种题型。同学们首先应加强积累，良好的词汇认知，熟词生义，一词多义是做好完形的必备能力。其次，同学们应熟悉语篇结构，重视主题句和关键句，把握文章的主题思想和写作态度。掌握完形填空答题技巧的同时还要对语言知识，文化意识和思维品质等学科核心素养进行渗透。 完形填空的解题步骤 1. 通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。 2. 瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先做有把握的问题，对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示。 3. 复读全文，解决疑难。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。 4. 再次复读，弥补疏漏。全部做好后，考生务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。 常用答题技能如下： 1.利用关联词汇； 关联词汇指某词以原词，同根词，同义词，近义词，上下义词，反义词等方式在语篇中复现。 2.利用逻辑推断； 句内或句组间常见的逻辑关系有因果，转折，对比，递进，并列，条件，概括，结果和顺序等关系。 3.利用语境提示； 语境既包括整个语篇的主旨也包括空格上下文较小语境的提示。 4.利用背景常识。 背景常识包括相关话题的文化背景知识，科普常识以及生活常识。 解题技巧一 首句概览法 在完形填空中，一般情况下，文章第一句话会交代人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点等，然后再介绍事件的发生、发展及结果。利用首句确定文章的体裁：如果文章开头交代事情发生的时间、地点以及人物等，这很可能就是一篇记叙文。 完形填空的首句或前几句话一般是完整的，这样便于考生理清思路，抓住文章的线索。由首句的提示及上下文之间的关系便能进一步了解短文的内容，为正确解题提供了依据。所以考生在做题时，若能认真读懂首句或前几句，就可以根据它们判断出文章的大意或主题，这样有助于有效地完成完形填空。 Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 1 seven years ago after having a 2 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 3 led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 4 . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 5 lifestyle, before discovering a 6 for weightlifting. Since setting out on the journey, the 7 lover has not only managed to 8 an impressive set of muscles but also a huge following on social media. The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 9 others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects. “Hold on: Consider failure as a 10 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “ 11 others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 12 .” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the 13 is to feel good, not look good.” Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 14 wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 15 for many social media users. 1．A．write B．travel C．exercise D．recover 2．A．goodwill B．timeout C．long-distance D．wake-up 3．A．normally B．ultimately C．suddenly D．automatically 4．A．change B．fortune C．wish D．deal 5．A．risky B．traditional C．comfortable D．healthy 6．A．demand B．secret C．passion D．cure 7．A．peace B．fitness C．fun D．nature 8．A．grow B．control C．activate D．relax 9．A．need B．choice C．reason D．difference 10．A．green light B．road block C．passing mark D．stepping stone 11．A．Help B．Consult C．Follow D．Forgive 12．A．accepted B．shared C．expected D．celebrated 13．A．goal B．case C．duty D．cost 14．A．instructors B．admirers C．beginners D．doubters 15．A．authority B．excuse C．inspiration D．option 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，消除网络质疑的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. write写作；B. travel旅行；C. exercise锻炼；D. recover康复。根据下文的“ Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out...”可知，此处指老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. goodwill善意、友好；B. timeout超时；C. long-distance长途；D. wake-up唤醒。结合语境，再根据后文“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可推知，此处指这是一次“警醒”老奶奶的经历。故选D。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争，最终导致她接受了手术。A. normally通常；B. ultimately最终；C. suddenly突然；D. automatically自动地。根据上文“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”以及下文“led her to getting surgery”可推知，此处指健康问题最终导致手术。故选B。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那次经历之后，她知道她需要做出改变。A. change改变；B. fortune幸运；C. wish愿望；D. deal交易。根据上文“led her to getting surgery”及后文“turn her life around”可推知，此处指她经历过手术后领悟到了自己需要改变。故选A。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. risky有风险的；B. traditional传统的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out”可推知，此处指她选择健康的生活方式。故选D。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. demand要求；B. secret秘密；C. passion激情，热情；D. cure疗法、药物。根据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 5 lifestyle”以及下文的“for weightlifting”可推知，此处指她积极锻炼身体，对举重产生了热情，a passion for sth.意为“对某事充满热情”。故选C。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. peace和平；B. fitness健身；C. fun乐趣；D. nature自然。根据下文“workout content”可推知，此处指她是健身爱好者。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. grow形成，产生；B. control控制；C. activate激活；D. relax放松。根据下文“an impressive set of muscles”可推知，此处指她练出肌肉，即产生肌肉。故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来这么好。A. need需要；B. choice选择；C. reason理由；D. difference差异。根据上文“no”以及下文“others can’t look this good”可推知，此处指她认为自己可以做到，没有理由别人不能做到。故选C。 10．考查名词短语辨析。句意：坚持下去：把失败当作通往成功的垫脚石，永不放弃。A. green light绿灯；B. road block路障；C. passing mark通过标志；D. stepping stone踏脚石。结合语境，再根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 9 others can’t look this good.”和“failure as a”以及下文“to success”可推知，此处指失败是成功的垫脚石。故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：帮助他人：在你的旅程中激励他人。A. Help帮助；B. Consult咨询；C. Follow遵循；D. Forgive原谅。根据下文“Lift others up”可推知，此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：分享成功更甜蜜。A. accepted接受；B. shared共享；C. expected期待；D. celebrated庆祝。根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no  ___9___  others can’t look this good.”可知，这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来这么好，由此可知，此处指的是成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她此前曾解释道：“你无需拥有完美身材才能锻炼……锻炼的目标是让自己感觉良好，而非看起来好看。”A. goal目标；B. case案例；C. duty责任；D. cost成本。根据上文“you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise”以及下文“is to feel good, not look good.”可推知，此处指运动的目标是感觉良好。故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. instructors讲师；B. admirers爱慕者；C. beginners初学者；D. doubters持怀疑态度的人。根据上文“Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the”以及下文“wrong in the best possible way”可推知，此处指Donohue女士用自己的方式证明怀疑者错了。故选D。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. authority权威；B. excuse借口；C. inspiration灵感；D. option选项。根据语境以及下文“for many social media users”可知，一位65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，这对其他人来说就是励志的典范，由此可知，此处指她成为许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。故选C。 解题技巧二 语境推测法 完形填空题的最大特点是——重点考查语境。所谓语境，就是指文章的上下文关系，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。 对于记叙文，文章以叙述为主，绝大部分篇幅是作者在描述事件，较少点明作者的观点。而作者的态度及观点往往隐含在叙述中，因此，这类试题常会出现作者的态度与观点隐性的跳跃式变换，增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性，这就要求考生在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境辨析词语，作出选择。 因为完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解，空格的前后多有暗示(后文暗示前文的居多)，所以考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，结合语境辨析所给选项，从中选出正确答案。对于那些一时无法确定答案的题，考生不要仅局限于空格前后的小范围语境，要把视野扩大到全文，有时，一旦和整篇短文联系起来，考生就会豁然开朗，很容易选出答案。 One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 16 the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 17 we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to 18 our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 19 with things that, while not particularly 20 , didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场). I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 21 , another asking for a price cut. As our 22 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The 23 : “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase. 24 , I posted more. My daily posts and the 25 I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 26 the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 27 . I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 28 that share our small space. I take 29 in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 30 something that couldn’t come with us. 16．A．painting over B．looking around C．emptying out D．pulling down 17．A．hotel B．office C．cottage D．apartment 18．A．store B．display C．sell D．repair 19．A．covered B．decorated C．stuffed D．equipped 20．A．conventional B．valuable C．complicated D．tolerable 21．A．fees B．photos C．receipts D．models 22．A．move B．pay C．market D．work 23．A．warning B．request C．description D．reply 24．A．Confused B．Interested C．Disappointed D．Encouraged 25．A．visits B．reports C．advice D．money 26．A．remove B．spare C．find D．check 27．A．investigated B．recognized C．encountered D．recommended 28．A．giveaways B．posts C．contributions D．belongings 29．A．joy B．part C．care D．time 30．A．anticipating B．appreciating C．delivering D．withdrawing 【答案】 16．C 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．B 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。 16．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和丈夫刚刚卖掉了我们的房子，我们正忙着清空我们一家人花了23年时间建造的心爱的房子。A. painting over 粉刷覆盖；B. looking around 环顾四周；C. emptying out 清空；D. pulling down 拆除。根据上文“ My husband and I had just sold our house”和下文“the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up”可推知，此处指作者卖掉了房子，忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的东西。故选C。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. hotel 酒店；B. office 办公室；C. cottage 小屋；D. apartment 公寓。根据文章最后一段“I sit in my apartment today”可推知，此处指作者一家人搬到了公寓。故选D。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. store 储存；B. display 展示；C. sell 出售；D. repair 修理。根据上文“rented a place”以及下文“our supposedly important objects”可推知，此处指租地方是为了存放重要物品。故选A。 19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A. covered 覆盖的；B. decorated 装饰的；C. stuffed 塞满的；D. equipped 配备的。根据上文“rented a place to 3 our supposedly important objects”以及下文“with things”可推知，此处指房子里仍塞满物品。故选C。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A. conventional 传统的；B. valuable 有价值的；C. complicated 复杂的；D. tolerable 可容忍的。根据上文“while not particularly”以及下文“didn’t belong in a landfill”可推知，此处指虽不贵重但不应丢弃的物品。故选B。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有几条信息进来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条请求降价。A. fees 费用；B. photos 照片；C. receipts 收据；D. models 模型。根据上文“I took a picture of the vase”及“additional”可推知，此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着搬家日的临近，我确定了一个新的价格（0美元）并重新发布了它。A. move 搬家；B. pay 支付；C. market 市场；D. work 工作。根据前文搬家背景及下文“day drew near”可推知，此处指搬家日临近。故选A。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：描述：“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”A. warning 警告；B. request 请求；C. description 描述；D. reply 回复。根据上文“I took a picture of the vase and posted it online”以及下文“I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.”可推知，此处指是重新发布的对花瓶的描述。故选C。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到鼓励，我发布了更多。A. Confused 困惑的；B. Interested 感兴趣的；C. Disappointed 失望的；D. Encouraged 受鼓励的。根据上文“In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.”以及作者后文持续发帖的行为，可推知，此处指作者受到鼓舞。故选D。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天收到的帖子和来我家里的拜访，在我混乱的房子里变成了一束珍贵的光芒。A. visits 拜访；B. reports 报告；C. advice 建议；D. money 钱。根据上文“In an instant, a woman raced into my house”以及“My daily posts”和后文的互动，可推知，此处指去作者家里拜访。故选A。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A. remove 移除；B. spare 省得；免去；C. find 发现；D. check 检查。根据上文语境以及下文“the landfill”可推知，此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替丢掉旧物垃圾填埋，此处spare引申为“免去”表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A. investigated 调查；B. recognized 认出；C. encountered 遇见；D. recommended 推荐。根据上文“another person I might not otherwise”可推知，此处指免费赠送旧物让原本不会遇见的人感到高兴。故选C。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。A. giveaways 赠品；B. posts 帖子；C. contributions 贡献；D. belongings 所有物。结合语境，再根据上文“I sit in my apartment today”以及下文“share our small space”可推知，此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A. joy 快乐；B. part 部分；C. care 关心；D. time 时间。结合语境，再根据上文“loving each of the 13 that share our small space.”以及下文“in knowing that, somewhere nearby”可推知，此处指作者免费赠送旧物，也从中获得了快乐。故选A。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A. anticipating 期待；B. appreciating 欣赏；C. delivering 递送；D. withdrawing 撤回。根据上文“I take 13 in knowing that, somewhere nearby”以及下文“something that couldn’t come with us”可推知，此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的，赠予的物品。故选B。 解题技巧三 上下文呼应法 上下文呼应法就是考生在做完形填空题时，必须注意上下文的连贯性及逻辑性，在了解文章大意的基础上，要按文章的先后顺序，对每道题所给词语的确切含义进行分析比较，并考虑到全文的语境，做到瞻前顾后，上下文呼应，运用逻辑思维进行答题的一种方法。 (1)注意上下文的信息提示：信息提示出现在前文时，可以直接根据前文的信息提示确定答案；信息提示出现在后文时，考生应该先把此空暂时搁置，在理解了后文意义之后再确定答案。 (2)通读全文，利用复现词语：在完形填空试题中，一些词语会重复出现在语篇之中。把握这些反复出现的词语，有利于考生确定正确答案。 When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to 31 , Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I 32 to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to 33 a sentence of  Italian together, the locals smiled at me and 34 my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language 35 . After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how 36 Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 37 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small 38 of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my 39 quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional 40 , and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families 41 for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can 42 . These meals are always 43 by laughter and joy. Whatever 44 life in Italy might have, the problems are 45 once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 31．A．study B．rent C．visit D．settle 32．A．planned B．struggled C．refused D．happened 33．A．string B．hang C．mix D．match 34．A．improved B．assessed C．admired D．praised 35．A．course B．barrier C．area D．test 36．A．open-minded B．strong-willed C．warm-hearted D．well-informed 37．A．remind B．allow C．persuade D．order 38．A．tricks B．promises C．acts D．duties 39．A．ambition B．success C．appetite D．growth 40．A．costume B．dish C．symbol D．tale 41．A．gather B．cheer C．leave D．wait 42．A．put up with B．stand up for C．come up with D．make up for 43．A．signaled B．confirmed C．represented D．accompanied 44．A．disadvantages B．meanings C．surprises D．opportunities 45．A．created B．forgotten C．understood D．identified 【答案】 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．B 36．C 37．A 38．C 39．C 40．B 41．A 42．C 43．D 44．A 45．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢家。A. study学习；B. rent出租；C. visit游览；D. settle定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划；B. struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused拒绝；D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. string串起、连成一串；B. hang悬挂；C. mix混合；D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. improved改进；B. assessed评估；C. admired钦佩；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course课程；B. barrier障碍；C. area区域；D. test测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement helped me”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。 36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. open-minded思想开明的；B. strong-willed思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. well-informed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A. remind提醒；B. allow允许；C. persuade说服；D. order命令。根据上文“I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。 38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks技巧；B. promises承诺；C. acts行为；D. duties职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。故选C。 39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。A. ambition雄心；B. success成功；C. appetite食欲；D. growth发育。根据上文“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此处指作者是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激食欲。故选C。 40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A. costume服装；B. dish菜肴；C. symbol符号；D. tale故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故选B。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合；B. cheer欢呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。 42．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with忍受；B. stand up for支持；C. come up with想出；D. make up for弥补。根据上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled示意；B. confirmed确认；C. represented代表；D. accompanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages缺点；B. meanings含义；C. surprises惊喜；D. opportunities机会。根据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. created创建；B. forgotten忘记；C. understood理解；D. identified确认。根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。 【点睛】 解题技巧四 文化背景法 文化背景法是考生根据自己已经掌握的或具备的文化背景和生活常识，如科学、历史文化，风俗民情等方面的知识，对完形填空中出现的相关问题作出分析与判断的方法。 由于完形填空命题的基本形式是独立的语篇，它以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，因此，考生在做题时应该：1.利用英语国家的文化背景知识(包括英语国家的风俗习惯、历史事件、地理位置等)；注意中西方文化的差异；简化复杂的分析与判断过程。2.结合生活常识，避免常识性错误。完形填空文章的内容与日常生活相关，因此当考生对语言的把握不准确时，可充分利用社会知识和科普知识来帮助自己判断，这就要求考生平时既要多体验生活，又要博览群书。 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 46 the course earlier than she did. Her 47 came because she was carrying a 48 across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 49 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 50 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 51 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 52 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 53 attention. Once there, Lenoue was 54 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 55 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more 56 about why her act is considered a big 57 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 58 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the 59 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 60 of human kindness won the day. 46．A．designed B．followed C．changed D．finished 47．A．delay B．chance C．trouble D．excuse 48．A．judge B．volunteer C．classmate D．competitor 49．A．race B．school C．town D．training 50．A．agreed B．returned C．stopped D．promised 51．A．courage B．aid C．patience D．advice 52．A．went away B．stood up C．stepped aside D．bent down 53．A．medical B．public C．constant D．equal 54．A．interrupted B．assessed C．identified D．appreciated 55．A．hunger B．pain C．cold D．tiredness 56．A．worried B．ashamed C．confused D．discouraged 57．A．game B．problem C．lesson D．deal 58．A．leave B．cure C．bother D．understand 59．A．ride B．test C．meet D．show 60．A．secret B．display C．benefit D．exchange 【答案】 46．D 47．A 48．D 49．A 50．C 51．B 52．D 53．A 54．B 55．B 56．C 57．D 58．A 59．C 60．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____1____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。 52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。 53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。 56．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。 57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。 58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。 59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。 60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良。故选B。 【点睛】 Passage 1 In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 1 . They could not afford to pay for 2 for their dog, Tiffy, and 3 wanted to take her with them. It just 4 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 5 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 6 Tiffy. When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 7 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 8 for him, having to leave his dog to a 9 and trust that everything would 10 . After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 11 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 12 them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was 13 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 14 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 15 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again. 1．A．turn B．budget C．schedule D．connection 2．A．food B．shelter C．medicine D．transportation 3．A．desperately B．temporarily C．secretly D．originally 4．A．appeared B．proved C．happened D．showed 5．A．waited B．offered C．hurried D．failed 6．A．see off B．look for C．hand over D．pick up 7．A．confused B．nervous C．annoyed D．curious 8．A．hard B．fine C．common D．lucky 9．A．coworker B．passenger C．stranger D．neighbor 10．A．speed up B．work out C．come back D．take off 11．A．feed B．follow C．change D．load 12．A．call B．join C．leave D．serve 13．A．unnecessary B．unexpected C．unavoidable D．uneventful 14．A．returned B．fought C．flew D．agreed 15．A．thankful B．generous C．proud D．sympathetic 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn转折点；B. budget预算；C. schedule时间表；D. connection联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for ___2___ for their dog, Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. food食物；B. shelter庇护；C. medicine药；D. transportation交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight ___1___ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选D。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately非常、拼命地；B. temporarily暂时地；C. secretly秘密地；D. originally起初。根据“wanted to take her with them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现；B. proved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. showed展示。根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待；B. offered提供、主动提出；C. hurried匆忙；D. failed失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off为……送行；B. look for寻找；C. hand over移交；D. pick up接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. confused困惑的；B. nervous紧张的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. curious好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___9___ and trust that everything would ___10___ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会进展顺利。A. hard困难的；B. fine好的；C. common常见的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to leave his dog to a ___9___ and trust that everything would ___10___ .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会进展顺利。A. coworker合作者；B. passenger乘客；C. stranger陌生人；D. neighbor邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会进展顺利。A. speed up加速；B. work out进展顺利；C. come back回来；D. take off起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会进展顺利，对他来说很难。故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养；B. follow跟随；C. change改变；D. load装载。load into装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话；B. join加入；C. leave离开；D. serve服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary没有必要的；B. unexpected意想不到的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。 A. returned返回；B. fought打仗；C. flew飞；D. agreed同意。根据“It just ___4___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___5___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A. thankful感激的；B. generous慷慨的；C. proud骄傲的；D. sympathetic同情的。通读全文，再根据“and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选A。 【点睛】 Passage 2 Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it 16 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 17 , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 18 . They’re part of a new form of the 19 economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in 20 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s 21 . It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 22 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 23 . But house sitting also offers a level of 24 they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like 25 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high 26 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s 27 . For Jessica, that means 28 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 29 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 30 ,” she says. 16．A．indoors B．online C．single-handed D．full-time 17．A．game B．service C．vacation D．procedure 18．A．safe B．busy C．helpful D．affordable 19．A．local B．private C．sharing D．agricultural 20．A．strangers’ B．parents’ C．co-workers’ D．neighbors’ 21．A．favor B．defense C．honor D．absence 22．A．plan B．explain C．compare D．complete 23．A．buy B．transport C．choose D．please 24．A．support B．comfort C．control D．attention 25．A．cooking B．staying C．waiting D．studying 26．A．success B．survival C．growth D．unemployment 27．A．budget B．abilities C．expectations D．understanding 28．A．admiring B．donating C．sending D．borrowing 29．A．clean B．open C．simple D．empty 30．A．guess B．decision C．response D．impression 【答案】 16．D 17．C 18．D 19．C 20．A 21．D 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．B 26．A 27．C 28．C 29．A 30．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。 16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。A. indoors室内；B. online在线的；C. single-handed单手的；D. full-time全职的。根据后文“She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.(在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。故选D。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. game游戏；B. service服务；C. vacation假期；D. procedure手续。结合上文可知Jessica在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。 18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe安全的；B. busy忙碌的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. affordable买的起的。对应上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。 19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A. local当地的；B. private私人的；C. sharing分享；D. agricultural农业的。根据后文“economy: an online group of house sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选C。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的；B. parents’父母的；C. co-workers’同事的；D. neighbors’邻居的。根据上文可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. favor帮助；B. defense防御；C. honor荣誉；D. absence缺席。根据上文“they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。故选D。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. plan计划；B. explain解释；C. compare比较；D. complete完成。根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。故选A。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. buy购买；B. transport运输；C. choose选择；D. please取悦。根据上文“the pets that are sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. support支持；B. comfort舒适，安慰；C. control控制；D. attention注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A. cooking烹饪；B. staying停留；C. waiting等待；D. studying学习。根据后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。故选B。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. success成功；B. survival存活；C. growth生长；D. unemployment失业。根据后文“rate in getting accepted as house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用success。故选A。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. budget预算；B. abilities能力；C. expectations期待；D. understanding理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。故选C。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring钦佩；B. donating捐赠；C. sending发送；D. borrowing借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean干净的；B. open开放的；C. simple简单的；D. empty空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess猜测；B. decision决定；C. response反应；D. impression印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确的决定，故选B。 Passage 3 My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our 31 are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 32 along Chalk Creek. I was 33 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 34 , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So 35 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 36 — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 37 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 38 our peaceful morning trip. The 39 picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 40 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No 41 . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 42 , a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were 43 . Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of 44 , wondering what camping fun and 45 we will experience next. 31．A．ideas B．jokes C．memories D．discoveries 32．A．camped B．drove C．walked D．cycled 33．A．annoyed B．surprised C．disappointed D．worried 34．A．unhurt B．unfortunate C．uncomfortable D．unafraid 35．A．due to B．instead of C．apart from D．as for 36．A．worked B．happened C．mattered D．changed 37．A．signed up B．calmed down C．checked out D．headed off 38．A．arranged B．interrupted C．completed D．recorded 39．A．wind B．noise C．temperature D．speed 40．A．find B．hide C．start D．fix 41．A．luck B．answer C．wonder D．signal 42．A．patiently B．tirelessly C．doubtfully D．helplessly 43．A．sorry B．brave C．safe D．right 44．A．relief B．duty C．pride D．excitement 45．A．failure B．adventure C．performance D．conflict 【答案】 31．C 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．B 36．A 37．D 38．B 39．A 40．C 41．A 42．D 43．C 44．D 45．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A. ideas想法；B. jokes笑话；C. memories记忆；D. discoveries发现。根据上文“have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children were little”可知，作者在讲述以前一些经历，这些经历回想起来很有趣，因此作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车；C. walked散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，作者与家人在过去的十年来有着美妙的露营经历，而此处作者讲述的是其中的一次经历，他们一起在溪边露营。故选A项。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. surprised惊讶的C. disappointed失望的；D. worried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可知，作者把一根绳子系在儿子的腰上就是怕自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以可知作者对此是很担心的。故选D项。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt未受伤的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know it”可知，孩子之所以哭是因为身上被绑绳子而感觉不舒服。故选C项。 35．考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due to由于；B. instead of代替，而不是；C. apart from除了；D. as for至于。根据上文“He was___4___, and his crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可知，因为孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者换了另一种方式，选择密切关注他，而不是在他身上绑绳子。故选B项。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked起作用；B. happened发生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可知，孩子没有掉进小溪里是因为作者在密切关注着他，以防他掉下去，因此可知作者采取的这种关注小孩而不是用绳子把他绑起来的方式起作用了。故选A项。 37．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册，报名；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. checked out退房，结账离开；D. headed off启程，出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可知，天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D项。 38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可知，因为风暴来临，所以作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B项。 39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. noise噪音；C. temperature温度；D. speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”以及下文的“thunder rolled.”可知，天气变得很糟糕，大风刮了起来。故选A项。 40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到；B. hide隐藏；C. start启动；D. fix修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，作者他们被困在湖中央，是因为马达坏了，发动不起来，因此可知作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C项。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck好运；B. answer回答；C. wonder惊奇；D. signal信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，作者的丈夫再次尝试启动，船依然无法启动，因此可知他们运气很差，没有好运。故选A项。 42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来。A. patiently耐心地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully怀疑地；D. helplessly无助地。根据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D项。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. sorry抱歉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. safe安全的；D. right正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可知，作者他们得到了渔夫的帮助，因此作者和家人安全了。故选C项。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济；B. duty职责；C. pride自豪；D. excitement兴奋。根据上文的“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage”以及下文的“wondering what camping fun”可知，作者他们一看到丈夫把露营车拉出来时，他们就会想知道接下来露营的乐趣是怎么样的，因此可知作者他们是期待接下来的露营，对此充满兴奋之情。故选D项。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure失败；B. adventure冒险；C. performance表现；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of___14___, wondering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience next”可知，作者与家人想知道下一次露营的乐趣是什么，因此也十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B项。 【点睛】 Passage 4 Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times,and has even learned to 46 different dialects (方言), leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor”. The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a 47 However,he is more devoted to his “ 48 ” than any real actor. In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the 49 , Wang disguised (伪装) himself and 50 the beggars. Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the 51 of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the 52 of the beggars. “I often 53 them to drink alcohol. Once they were 54 ,they began to talk a lot,"Wang said. “I'd then 55 myself to use the toilet, 56 what the beggars said, and send the 57 to my teammates.” Wang, who is often in 58 situations, is also a judo (柔道) master.  “As long as I get close enough, no criminal can 59 from me,” he said. Wang's 60 won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit. 46．A．teach B．compare C．assess D．speak 47．A．lawyer B．doctor C．policeman D．businessman 48．A．role B．study C．family D．audience 49．A．minor B．case C．future D．question 50．A．interviewed B．joined C．arrested D．assisted 51．A．challenge B．experience C．appearance D．freedom 52．A．vote B．sympathy C．permission D．trust 53．A．invited B．forced C．helped D．expected 54．A．drunk B．deserted C．bored D．lost 55．A．guide B．persuade C．excuse D．allow 56．A．refer to B．note down C．ask about D．miss out 57．A．plan B．agreement C．direction D．information 58．A．awkward B．dangerous C．unfortunate D．strange 59．A．separate B．recover C．escape D．hear 60．A．courage B．honesty C．kindness D．optimism 【答案】 46．D 47．C 48．A 49．B 50．B 51．C 52．D 53．A 54．A 55．C 56．B 57．D 58．B 59．C 60．A 【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了警察王先生在过去的38年里，多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言，不顾危险混入犯罪团伙，成功破案的故事。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的38年里，王先生多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言，这让他被称为“奥斯卡获奖演员”。A.teach 教授；B.compare 比较；C.assess评估； D.speak讲话 。根据“Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times”可知，能扮成别人，还会讲不同的方言。故填D。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位60岁的老人不是演员，而是警察 。A.lawyer 律师；B.doctor医生； C.policeman 警察；D.businessman 商人。根据“To look into the 　　　　　　　　，Wang disguised（伪装）himself”以及“including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit.Paris.”可知，王先生是一名警察。故填C。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他比任何真正的演员都更专注于他的“角色”。A.role 角色；B.study学习； C.family 家庭；D.audience观众 。根据“than any real actor.”可知，王投身于演员的角色中。故填A。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A.minor 未成年人，辅修；B.case 情况,案件；C.future 未来；D.question问题 。根据“In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. ”可知，这是一起犯罪案件。故填B。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A.interviewed采访； B.joined 加入；C.arrested 逮捕；D.assisted协助。根据“To look into the”可知，他混入乞丐中。故填B。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A.challenge 挑战；B.experience 经历；C.appearance出现，外表； D.freedom自由 。根据“ Dirty shorts and old shoes”可知，这是描述外表。故填C。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A.vote 投票；B.sympathy 同情；C.permission 批准；D.trust 信任。根据“ his convincing dialect soon won him the”可知，他的方言讲得好，赢得乞丐们信任。故填D。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。A.invited 邀请；B.forced 强迫；C.helped 帮助；D.expected期待。根据“them to drink alcohol”可知，为了套话，王先生请他们喝酒。故填A。 54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。A.drunk喝醉的； B.deserted抛弃的； C.bored 无聊的；D.lost失去的 。根据“them to drink alcohol”可知，话多是在喝醉后。故填A。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。A.guide 引导；B.persuade劝说； C.excuse 找借口；D.allow允许 。根据“and send the 　　　　　　　　 to my teammates.”可知，为了发送出信息，王借口去厕所。故填C。 56．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。A.refer to 指的是；B.note down作记录; C.ask about 询问；D.miss out 错过，遗漏。根据“what the beggars said, ”可知，王把乞丐醉后真言记下来。故填B。 57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。A.plan 计划；B.agreement 同意；C.direction 指导；D.information 信息。根据“what the beggars said, ”可知，这是重要信息。故填D。 58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：王是经常在危险的情况下,也是一个柔道大师。A.awkward 尴尬的；B.dangerous危险的； C.unfortunate 不幸的；D.strange奇怪的 。根据“ no criminal can 　　　　　　　　 from me,"”可知，经常处于犯罪分子中，这是很危险的情况。故填B。 59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只要我离得够近，任何罪犯都逃不掉，”他说。A.separate 分离；B.recover恢复； C.escape 逃避；D.hear 听到。根据“ is also a judo （柔道） master. ”可知，身为柔道大师，他不放过罪犯。故填C。 60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：王的勇气为他赢得了许多荣誉，包括一枚全国五一劳动奖章和11项嘉奖。A.courage 勇气；B.honesty 诚实；C.kindness 善良；D.optimism 乐观。根据“Wang disguised（伪装）himself”可知，王乔装打扮混入罪犯团伙，勇气可嘉。故填A。 【点睛】 Passage 5 My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 61 little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its 62 throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 63 help during our spring break, for which I had no 64 beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d 65 minimum wage. I’d see how a factory 66 . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 67 . Our 68 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 69 bunny from the belt. This was 70 than it sounds. 71 a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d   72 . Dad 73 . The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood 74 food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 75 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me. 61．A．sold B．ordered C．made D．reserved 62．A．stores B．families C．schools D．citizens 63．A．generous B．financial C．technical D．temporary 64．A．plans B．problems C．excuses D．hobbies 65．A．offer B．earn C．set D．suggest 66．A．worked B．closed C．developed D．survived 67．A．ambition B．permission C．experience D．invitation 68．A．joys B．ideas C．roles D．choices 69．A．Save B．Keep C．Stop D．Remove 70．A．harder B．better C．longer D．cheaper 71．A．Calm down B．Slow down C．Stay on D．Move on 72．A．indicated B．witnessed C．expected D．remembered 73．A．cried B．smiled C．hesitated D．refused 74．A．tasting B．finding C．sharing D．delivering 75．A．withdraw B．donate C．receive D．appreciate 【答案】 61．C 62．A 63．D 64．A 65．B 66．A 67．B 68．C 69．D 70．A 71．B 72．C 73．B 74．D 75．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在一次春假时，作者去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工作不仅能让孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。 61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. sold销售；B. ordered命令；C. made制作；D. reserved预定。根据下文“Our ____8____ in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. ____9____  bunny from the belt.”可知，这家面包店是制作兔子蛋糕的。故选C。 62．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. stores商店；B. families家庭；C. schools学校；D. citizens市民。根据下文“throughout Cleveland”以及常识可知，此处表示这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。故选A。 63．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous慷慨的；B. financial金融的；C. technical技术的；D. temporary暂时的。根据下文“during our spring break”可知，这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。 64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans计划；B. problems问题；C. excuses借口；D. hobbies爱好。根据下文“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知，此处表示作者没有其他计划。故选A。 65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会挣最低工资。A. offer提供；B. earn挣得；C. set放置；D. suggest建议。根据下文“minimum wage”可知，作者会挣最低工资。故选B。 66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会看到工厂是如何运作的。A. worked运作；B. closed关闭；C. developed发展；D. survived幸存。根据上文“I’d see how a factory”可知，此处表示作者可以看到工厂是如何运作的。故选A。 67．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的允许。A. ambition抱负；B. permission允许；C. experience经历；D. invitation邀请。根据上文“My parents thought all of this was a grand idea”可知，作者的父母认为这个主意很好，所以他们打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的允许。故选B。 68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。A. joys欢乐；B. ideas观点；C. roles任务；D. choices选择。根据下文“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. ____9____  bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示作者在工厂的任务。故选C。 69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。A. Save节省；B. Keep保持；C. Stop停止；D. Remove移动。根据下文“bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。故选D。 70．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的；C. longer更长的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据下文“_____11_____  a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，这项工作比听起来更难。故选A。 71．考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down平静下来；B. Slow down慢一点；C. Stay on继续停留；D. Move on往前走。根据下文“and the cakes pile up”以及常识可知，速度慢一点，传送带上的蛋糕就会堆积起来。故选B。 72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一晚的晚餐时告诉父母的那样，压力比我预想的要大一点。A. indicated表明；B. witnessed目击；C. expected预料；D. remembered记得。根据上文“This was  _____10_____  than it sounds. _____11_____  a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，工作的实际情况比作者预料的压力更大。故选C。 73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried哭；B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated犹豫；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“This was the sort of work that made you _____15_____  the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.”可知，作者的父亲看到作者在挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，父亲笑了。故选B。 74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送食物。A. tasting品尝；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering递送。根据上文“The son of a grocer”可知，作为一个杂货商的儿子，作者的父亲夏天会去送食物。故选D。 75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。A. withdraw撤退；B. donate捐赠；C. receive收到；D. appreciate感激。根据下文“the dollars you earned”以及常识可知，此处表示感激自己劳动所得的报酬。故选D。 Passage 6 Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 76 . He learned the value and beauty of 77 there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 78 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 79 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 80 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 81 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 82 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 83 during the daytime. He turned to the 84 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 85 a nearby island where he began to plant trees. 86 young plants in the dry season was 87 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 88 of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 89 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below. Molai 90 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 76．A．dream B．job C．home D．choice 77．A．nature B．youth C．culture D．knowledge 78．A．precious B．interesting C．disturbing D．awkward 79．A．waste B．tension C．pain D．damage 80．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise 81．A．agreed B．realized C．remembered D．predicted 82．A．noise B．heat C．disease D．dust 83．A．directions B．partners C．help D．shelter 84．A．labor B．police C．forest D．finance 85．A．rebuilt B．discovered C．left D．managed 86．A．Decorating B．Observing C．Watering D．Guarding 87．A．tough B．illegal C．fantastic D．beneficial 88．A．back B．top C．foot D．side 89．A．cool down B．keep off C．purify D．collect 90．A．returned B．learned C．failed D．continued 【答案】 76．C 77．A 78．C 79．D 80．A 81．B 82．B 83．D 84．C 85．B 86．C 87．A 88．B 89．D 90．D 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。 76．考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想；B. job工作；C. home家；D. choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。 77．考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然；B. youth青春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。 78．考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A. precious宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. generous慷慨的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。 79．考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A. waste废物；B. tension紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。 80．考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However但是；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。 81．考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。 82．考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise噪音；B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。 83．考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A. directions方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。 84．考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor劳动；B. police警察；C. forest森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。 85．考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A. rebuilt重建；B. discovered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前面的”looking on his own”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。 86．考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating装饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。 87．考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough困难的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。 88．考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. top顶端；C. foot脚；D. side一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句“The water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。 89．考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down冷却下来；B. keep off与……保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；D. collect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。 90．考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会；C. failed失败；D. continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。 Passage 1 Elena wiped the dust from her only pair of shoes, her eyes fixed on the grand art school across the street. She had dreamed of becoming a painter since she was a child, but her family’s 1 made it seem impossible. Her parents worked 2 at a local factory, yet money was always tight. Every day after school, Elena worked at a small café to help with household expenses. But she never 3 her passion. In the corner of her tiny room, she kept a box of 4 brushes and leftover paints. Late at night, when the world was quiet, she would 5 — on old newspapers, cardboard, or any surface she could find. One rainy afternoon, her art teacher, Mr. Harris, noticed a 6 she had left behind. “This is extraordinary,” he said, pointing to the 7 lines of a bird breaking free from a cage. He encouraged her to enter a city-wide art competition, but Elena hesitated. “I have no proper materials,” she whispered 8 . Mr. Harris smiled. “Talent isn’t about the 9 ; it’s about the heart behind them.” For weeks, Elena 10 her soul into her entry (参赛作品). She painted the story of her family’s 11 — the tired but hopeful eyes of her mother, the strong hands of her father, and the lively colors of their dreams. When the results were announced, Elena’s painting won the first prize: a scholarship to the art school she 12 and a set of professional art supplies. Tears filled her eyes as she realized that limitations had never defined her 13 ; they had only strengthened her 14 . Her journey taught her that even the shabby brushes can create 15 , if guided by courage and hope. 1．A．struggles B．tragedies C．plans D．secrets 2．A．carelessly B．tirelessly C．peacefully D．occasionally 3．A．accounted for B．looked for C．gave up on D．relied on 4．A．brand-new B．well-made C．worn-out D．much-loved 5．A．entertain B．remark C．interact D．paint 6．A．pencil B．painting C．backpack D．message 7．A．straight B．dark C．simple D．powerful 8．A．shyly B．eagerly C．angrily D．gratefully 9．A．achievements B．skills C．tools D．results 10．A．poured B．hid C．threw D．lost 11．A．suffering B．love C．unity D．toughness 12．A．attended B．quit C．admired D．ran 13．A．school B．potential C．work D．poverty 14．A．determination B．confidence C．patience D．independence 15．A．insights B．resources C．treasures D．wonders 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．A 11．D 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了热爱绘画的埃琳娜因家庭经济困难，无法实现进入艺术学校的梦想，但她从未放弃对绘画的热爱，利用破旧工具坚持创作。在艺术老师的发现和鼓励下，她参加城市艺术比赛，凭借展现家庭坚韧与梦想的作品获得一等奖，最终领悟到“勇气与希望能让简陋工具创造奇迹”的道理。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她从小就梦想成为一名画家，但家庭的困境让这似乎变得不可能。A. struggles困境，艰难；B. tragedies悲剧；C. plans计划；D. secrets秘密。根据下文“yet money was always tight. Every day after school, Elena worked at a small café to help with household expenses”可知，埃琳娜家经济拮据，她还要打工补贴家用，说明家庭处于“困境”中，故选A。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的父母在当地一家工厂不知疲倦地工作，但钱总是很紧张。A. carelessly粗心地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. peacefully平静地；D. occasionally偶尔。根据下文“yet money was always tight”的转折以及父母为家庭努力的语境可知，父母是“不知疲倦地”工作赚钱，故选B。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但她从未放弃自己的热爱。A. accounted for解释；B. looked for寻找；C. gave up on放弃；D. relied on依靠。根据下文“In the corner of her tiny room, she kept a box of 4 brushes and leftover paints. Late at night, when the world was quiet”可知，埃琳娜保存着绘画工具，还会在深夜创作，说明她没有“放弃”对绘画的热爱，故选C。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她狭小房间的角落里，她放着一盒破旧的画笔和剩余的颜料。A. brand-new全新的；B. well-made制作精良的；C. worn-out破旧的；D. much-loved深受喜爱的。根据下文“I have no proper materials”以及“the shabby brushes”可知，埃琳娜没有合适的画具，画笔是“破旧的”，故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：深夜，当世界都安静下来时，她就会画画——在旧报纸上、硬纸板上，或者任何她能找到的表面上。A. entertain娱乐；B. remark评论；C. interact互动；D. paint绘画。根据上文“her passion”以及“brushes and leftover paints”可知，埃琳娜深夜会用这些工具“绘画”，故选D。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个下雨的下午，她的艺术老师哈里斯先生注意到了她落下的一幅画。A. pencil铅笔；B. painting画；C. backpack背包；D. message信息。根据下文“This is extraordinary,” he said, pointing to the... lines of a bird breaking free from a cage可知，老师是看到了埃琳娜的“画”并给予评价，故选B。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这太出色了，”他指着画中一只鸟挣脱笼子的有力线条说道。A. straight直的；B. dark黑暗的；C. simple简单的；D. powerful有力的。根据上文老师评价画“extraordinary”以及“bird breaking free from a cage”所蕴含的挣脱束缚的力量感可知，线条是“有力的”，故选D。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我没有合适的材料，”她害羞地小声说。A. shyly害羞地；B. eagerly急切地；C. angrily生气地；D. gratefully感激地。根据上文埃琳娜的犹豫以及“whispered”可知，她因没有合适画具而感到自卑，说话时是“害羞地”，故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈里斯先生笑了。“天赋不在于工具，而在于工具背后的心意。”A. achievements成就；B. skills技能；C. tools工具；D. results结果。根据上文埃琳娜提到的“I have no proper materials”以及下文“the shabby brushes”可知，此处老师在回应她对“工具（画具）”的担忧，故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周来，埃琳娜全身心投入到她的参赛作品中。A. poured倾注；B. hid隐藏；C. threw扔；D. lost失去。根据下文“her soul into her entry”和“Elena’s painting won the first prize”可知，她将全部心血“倾注”到作品中，“pour one's soul into”为固定搭配，意为“全身心投入”，故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她画了自己家庭的坚韧——母亲疲惫却充满希望的眼睛，父亲有力的双手，以及他们梦想中鲜活的色彩。A. suffering痛苦；B. love爱；C. unity团结；D. toughness坚韧。根据下文“the tired but hopeful eyes of her mother, the strong hands of her father”可知，父母虽疲惫但仍充满希望，体现了家庭的“坚韧”，故选D。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当结果公布时，埃琳娜的画获得了一等奖：她所仰慕的艺术学校的奖学金和一套专业的画具。A. attended参加；B. quit放弃；C. admired仰慕；D. ran经营。根据上文“her eyes fixed on the grand art school across the street. She had dreamed of becoming a painter”可知，埃琳娜一直盯着艺术学校，梦想进入那里，说明她“仰慕”这所学校，故选C。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她意识到，困境从未定义她的潜力时，泪水充满了她的眼睛；困境只是增强了她的决心。A. school学校；B. potential潜力；C. work工作；D. poverty贫穷。根据上文“Elena’s painting won the first prize”可知，埃琳娜凭借天赋和努力获奖，家庭困境没有限制她的“潜力”，故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她意识到，困境从未定义她的潜力时，泪水充满了她的眼睛；困境只是增强了她的决心。A. determination决心；B. confidence信心；C. patience耐心；D. independence独立。根据上文分析可知，埃琳娜在困境中仍坚持绘画、投入参赛，并获得成功，说明困境让她的“决心”更坚定，故选A。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的经历告诉她，只要有勇气和希望指引，即使是破旧的画笔也能创造奇迹。A. insights洞察力；B. resources资源；C. treasures宝藏；D. wonders奇迹。根据上文埃琳娜用破旧画具创作并获奖的经历以及下文“if guided by courage and hope”可知，只要有勇气和希望指引，简陋的工具也能创造“奇迹”，故选D。 Passage 2 Whenever I felt disappointed I often thought of what my mother had said to me, “Everything happens for the best. If you 16 , one day something good will happen. And you’ll realize that it wouldn’t have happened if not for that previous 17 .” As it turned out, mother was right. In 1932, I ended my college life. 18 that, I had decided to try for a job in radio, and then could work my way up to sports 19 . I went to Chicago and knocked on the door of every station and got turned down every time. In one station, a 20 lady told me that big stations couldn’t risk hiring a person who lacked 21 . “Go to 22 towns and find a little station that will give you a chance”, she said. I then 23 to Dixon. While there was no radio-announcing jobs in Dixon, my father said Montgomery Ward had opened a store and wanted an athlete to 24 its sports department. Since Dixon was where I had played high school football, I applied. The job sounded just right for me. But I wasn’t 25 . My disappointment must have 26 . “Everything happens for the best,” Mom reminded me. Dad offered me one car for me to hunt jobs. I 27 WOC Radio in Davenport. The program director, a wonderful Scotsman named Peter MacArthur, told me they had already 28 a contract with another announcer. Seeing my frustration(挫折) boiling over, Peter asked if I knew anything about football and let me 29 an imaginary game. I did well, and Peter told me I would be broadcasting Saturday’s game! I often 30 what direction my life might have taken if I’d gotten the job at Montgomery Ward or if I didn’t persist. 16．A．go on B．hold up C．look on D．stay up 17．A．successes B．disappointments C．lives D．results 18．A．Since B．After C．Before D．During 19．A．announcer B．athlete C．hostess D．performer 20．A．beautiful B．kind C．strict D．cruel 21．A．money B．knowledge C．appearance D．experience 22．A．down B．small C．big D．faraway 23．A．walked B．saw C．added D．turned 24．A．run B．buy C．sell D．show 25．A．fired B．employed C．fitted D．satisfied 26．A．disappeared B．fallen C．shown D．responded 27．A．visited B．tried C．passed D．poured 28．A．signed B．assigned C．designed D．resigned 29．A．watch B．coach C．broadcast D．play 30．A．doubted B．wondered C．intended D．expected 【答案】 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．B 21．D 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章以母亲“一切都会变好”的教诲为线索，讲述了作者的求职经历。作者大学毕业开始找工作，立志成为体育电台播音员，先在芝加哥的大电台屡屡碰壁，后尝试应聘百货公司体育部门职位也未成功。在失望之际，母亲的鼓励让他坚持下去，最终通过一次偶然的机会，凭借自己对足球的了解获得了电台播报工作。作者最终感悟到，若没有之前的多次失望与坚持，就不会有后来的机遇，印证了母亲的话。 16．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你继续下去，总有一天会有好事发生。A. go on继续，进行；B. hold up举起，耽搁；C. look on旁观；D. stay up熬夜。根据后文语境“one day something good will happen(总有一天好事会发生)”可推知，这里是母亲鼓励作者的话，意思是“如果你坚持下去，好事会发生”。故选A项。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你会意识到，如果没有之前的失望，这一切就不会发生。A. successes成功；B. disappointments失望；C. lives生命；D. results结果。与前文“Whenever I felt disappointed I often thought of what my mother had said to me…(每当我感到失望时，我总会想起母亲对我说过的话……)”中的“disappointed”相呼应，这里应是B项“disappointments(失望)”，用在句中表达“之前的失望导致了后来的好事”。故选B项。 18．考查介词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，我早已决定试着在电台找一份工作，然后再努力成为体育播音员。A. Since自从；B. After在……之后；C. Before在……之前；D. During在……期间。根据后文“I had decided to try for a job in radio…(我早已决定努力争取一份电台工作的机会……)”可推知，在毕业之前，作者就有了自己的决定。故选C项。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，我早已决定试着在电台找一份工作，然后再努力成为体育播音员。A. announcer广播员，播音员；B. athlete运动员；C. hostess女主人，女主持人；D. performer表演者。根据后文“While there was no radio-announcing jobs in Dixon(在Dixon并没有广播播音员的工作岗位)”可推知，作者想要成为一名体育节目播音员。故选A项。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一个电视台，一位善良的女士告诉我，大型广播电视台不能冒险雇佣一个缺乏经验的人。A. beautiful漂亮的，美丽的；B. kind好心的，善良的；C. strict严格的，严厉的；D. cruel残忍的，残酷的。根据后文“‘Go to ____7____ towns and find a little station that will give you a chance’, she said.(“去那些……的城镇，找一个能让你有机会参与的广播电视台吧”，她说道。)可知，这位女士给出了建议，她是善良的，好心的。故选B项。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个电视台，一位善良的女士告诉我，大型广播电视台不能冒险雇佣一个缺乏经验的人。A. money金钱；B. knowledge知识；C. appearance外貌；D. experience经验。根据前文“In 1932, I ended my college life.(1932 年，我结束了我的大学生活。)”可知，作者刚刚大学毕业，没有工作经验，而大型广播电视台一般不雇佣没有经验的新人。故选D项。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“去小城镇找一个能给你机会的小型广播电视台，”她说道。A. down在低处的，低落的；B. small小的；C. big大的；D. faraway遥远的，恍惚的。与前文“big stations couldn’t risk hiring a person…(大型电视台不能冒险雇佣……员工)”提及的“大地方的大型广播电台”相对应，这里应是小地方的小广播电台。故选B项。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我前往了Dixon。 A. walked走路，散步；B. saw看见；C. added增加，添加；D. turned转动，转身。根据前文“‘Go to ____7____ towns and find a little station that will give you a chance’, she said. I then____8____ to Dixon.(“去……城镇找一个能给你机会的小型广播电视台，”她说道。然后我……Dixon。)”可推知，作者应是听取了善良女士的建议，去了较小的地方Dixon。“turn to+某地”有“前往某地”含义，符合语境。故选D项。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然Dixon没有电台播音员的工作，但我父亲说Montgomery Ward开了一家商店，想让一位运动员来经营它的体育部。A. run跑步，管理，经营；B. buy购买；C. sell售卖；D. show展示，说明。根据后文宾语“its sports department(其体育部门)”可推知，这里的动作应是“管理，运营”。故选A项。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我并未被录用。A. fired开火，开除；B. employed雇佣；C. fitted适合；D. satisfied使满意。根据后文“My disappointment must have____11 ___ .(我的失望之情想必已经……)”的“失望”可知，作者没有被雇佣。故选B项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的失望之情想必已经表露无遗了。A. disappeared消失；B. fallen降落，跌倒；C. shown说明，展示；D. responded回答，回复。根据后文“‘Everything happens for the best,’ Mom reminded me.(“一切都会好起来的，”妈妈提醒我。)”可推知，妈妈鼓励作者，说明已然看出来作者的失望，即，作者的失望之情表露了出来。故选C项。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我去试了Davenport的WOC电台。A. visited拜访，参观；B. tried努力，尝试；C. passed经过，通过；D. poured倾倒，倒出。根据前文“Dad offered me one car for me to hunt jobs.(爸爸给了我一辆车让我找工作。)”可知，作者还处于“找工作”的状态中，由此推知，他前往WOC Radio应是尝试在那里找到工作。故选B项。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：节目总监，一位名叫Peter MacArthur的优秀苏格兰人告诉我，他们已经与另一位播音员签订了合同。A. signed签名，签署；B. assigned分配，布置；C. designed设计；D. resigned辞职，放弃。根据后文宾语“a contract(一份合同)”可推知，应是“签合同”。故选A项。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到我满心的挫败情绪快要爆发出来，Peter便问我是否了解足球的相关知识，并让我来播报一场想象中的比赛。A. watch观看；B. coach训练，指导；C. broadcast广播，播报；D. play玩耍，比赛，播放。与后文“I did well, and Peter told me I would be broadcasting Saturday’s game!(我表现得不错，彼得还告诉我我将负责播报周六的比赛！)”中的“broadcasting”一致，这里应是C项“broadcast(播报)”，表达“播报一场想象中的比赛”。故选C项。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常想，如果我得到了Montgomery Ward的工作，或者如果我不坚持下去，我的生活会走向何方。A. doubted怀疑；B. wondered好奇，想知道；C. intended打算，想要；D. expected期待，期望。根据后文“what direction my life might have taken if I’d gotten the job at Montgomery Ward or if I didn’t persist(如果我得到了Montgomery Ward的工作，或者我没有坚持下去，我的生活会走向何方)”可推知，作者思考如果当初不同，生活会怎样，所以B项“wondered(好奇，想知道)”符合语境。故选B项。 Passage 3 There was once a boy called Joseph who always loved to show off how many friends he had at school. One day his 31 said to him, “Joseph, I bet (打赌) you a big bag of popcorn that you don’t have as many friends as you think. I’m sure many of them are nothing more than companions.” Joseph 32 the bet at once. However, he wasn’t sure how to test 33 his schoolmates were real friends or not, so he asked his grandfather. The old man answered, “Wait a minute.” Then he left and returned soon as if carrying something in his hands, but Joseph could see nothing there. “Take it. It’s a very 34 chair because it’s invisible (看不见). It’s rather 35 to sit on, but if you take it to school and 36 to sit on it, you’ll activate (激活) its 37 and it’ll be able to tell who your real friends are.” Joseph, brave and determined, set off for 38 with the special and invisible chair. At break time he asked everyone to form a 39 , and he put himself in the middle, with his chair. Having difficulty seeing it, Joseph tried to sit on it but he 40 the seat and fell straight onto his backside. Everyone around him had a pretty good laugh. “Wait! Let me try again,” Joseph said. But again, he missed the seat, 41 more laughs. Joseph didn’t 42 and kept trying to sit on the magic chair. But he kept falling to the ground... until suddenly he tried again but didn’t 43 . Looking around, Joseph saw three of his best friends holding him up. 44 , many others he had thought of as friends had done nothing but make fun of him. And there, the show came to an end. Joseph understood that true friends were those who care for him, and not just the 45 that happened to be passing by. And someone who took joy in his misfortunes was even less of a friend. 31．A．schoolmate B．classmate C．grandfather D．expert 32．A．organized B．noticed C．accepted D．ignored 33．A．how B．that C．why D．whether 34．A．narrow B．unique C．slim D．graceful 35．A．awkward B．comfortable C．challenging D．amazing 36．A．pretend B．manage C．volunteer D．struggle 37．A．magic B．promise C．memory D．response 38．A．flat B．gym C．stadium D．school 39．A．popcorn B．circle C．chair D．track 40．A．missed B．annoyed C．packed D．cheated 41．A．providing B．moving C．losing D．causing 42．A．check in B．work out C．lose heart D．make sense 43．A．skip B．fall C．suffer D．laugh 44．A．However B．Moreover C．Besides D．Therefore 45．A．passengers B．companions C．competitors D．teammates 【答案】 31．C 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．C 36．B 37．A 38．D 39．B 40．A 41．D 42．C 43．B 44．A 45．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述Joseph一直以自己有很多朋友自豪，他的祖父让他在学校里努力坐到一把隐形的椅子上来测试谁是真正的朋友，这让Joseph明白了真正的朋友是那些关心他的人。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，祖父对他说：“Joseph，我拿一大袋爆米花跟你打赌，你的朋友没有你想的那么多。” A. schoolmate同学，校友；B. classmate同学；C. grandfather祖父；D. expert专家。根据下文“so he asked his grandfather”可知，祖父和Joseph打赌。故选C。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Joseph立即接受了这个赌约。A. organized组织；B. noticed注意到；C. accepted接受；D. ignored忽视。下文“he wasn’t sure how to test ____3____ his schoolmates were real friends or not, so he asked his grandfather”提到他询问祖父如何测试，说明他接受了这个赌约。故选C。 33．考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，他不知道如何测试他的同学是否是真正的朋友，所以他问他的祖父。A. how如何；B. that那个；C. why为什么；D. whether是否。根据上文“I bet (打赌) you a big bag of popcorn that you don’t have as many friends as you think. I’m sure many of them are nothing more than companions.(我跟你赌一大袋爆米花，你没有你想的那么多朋友。我相信他们中的许多人只不过是同伴)”可知，赌约内容是Joseph是否拥有他认为的那么多朋友。故选D。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一把非常独特的椅子，因为它是隐形的。A. narrow窄的；B. unique独特的；C. slim苗条的；D. graceful优雅的。根据下文“because it’s invisible (看不见)”和“the special and invisible chair”可知，这把椅子很独特。故选B。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要坐上去很有挑战性，但如果你把它带到学校，并设法坐在它上面，你就会激活它的魔法，它就能分辨出谁是你真正的朋友。A. awkward令人尴尬的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. amazing令人惊奇的。根据下文“fell straight onto his backside(直接摔在地上)”和“But he kept falling to the ground(但他不停地摔倒在地)”可知，要坐上椅子很有挑战性。故选C。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. pretend假装；B. manage设法做到；C. volunteer志愿；D. struggle挣扎。根据下文“you’ll activate (激活) its ____7____”可知，此处指如果成功坐到椅子上，manage to do sth“设法完成某事”。故选B。 37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. magic魔法；B. promise承诺；C. memory记忆；D. response回答。根据上文“because it’s invisible (看不见)”和下文“the magic chair”可知，这是一把有魔法的影子，此处指激活它的魔法。故选A。 38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Joseph勇敢而坚定，拿着那把特殊的隐形椅子去上学了。A. flat公寓；B. gym健身房；C. stadium体育场；D. school学校。文章首句“There was once a boy called Joseph who always loved to show off how many friends he had at school.(从前有一个叫Joseph的男孩，他总是喜欢炫耀他在学校有多少朋友)”提到Joseph炫耀自己在学校有很多好朋友，结合下文“At break time(在课间休息)”可知，他把椅子带到学校去测试有多少好朋友。故选D。 39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：课间休息时，他让大家围成一个圈，他自己和他的椅子站在中间。A. popcorn爆米花；B. circle圈；C. chair椅子；D. track轨道，小径。根据下文“and he put himself in the middle”和“Everyone around him”可知，他让大家围成一个圈，他自己和他的椅子站在中间。故选B。 40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于看不清，Joseph想坐上去，但他没坐到座位上，直接摔了个仰面朝天。A. missed错过，未达到；B. annoyed惹恼；C. packed包装；D. cheated欺骗。根据下文“But again, he missed the seat”可知，此处是miss词汇复现。故选A。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他又没坐到座位上，引起了更多的笑声。A. providing提供；B. moving移动；C. losing失去；D. causing引起。上文“Everyone around him had a pretty good laugh.(他周围的每个人都笑得很开心)”提到大家都笑他，结合空前“But again, he missed the seat”可知，他再次没坐上椅子时引起了更多的笑声。故选D。 42．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Joseph没有灰心，继续努力坐在那把神奇的椅子上。A. check in登记入住；B. work out解决；C. lose heart灰心；D. make sense有道理，说得通。根据下文“kept trying to sit on the magic chair”可知，Joseph没有灰心，继续努力坐在那把神奇的椅子上。故选C。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他不停地倒在地上……直到，突然，他又试了一次，但没有摔倒。A. skip跳过；B. fall跌倒，落下；C. suffer遭受；D. laugh大笑。根据下文“Looking around, Joseph saw three of his best friends holding him up.(Joseph环顾四周，看见他的三个好朋友扶着他)”可知，有好朋友扶着，所以Joseph没有摔倒。故选B。 44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，许多他认为是朋友的人除了取笑他之外什么也没做。A. However然而；B. Moreover此外；C. Besides而且；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“Joseph saw three of his best friends holding him up”和下文“many others he had thought of as friends had done nothing but make fun of him(许多他认为是朋友的人除了取笑他之外什么也没做)”可知，上下文是转折关系，三个好朋友扶着他，但其他人取笑他。故选A。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Joseph明白真正的朋友是那些关心他的人，而不仅仅是那些碰巧经过他身边的同伴。A. passengers乘客；B. companions同伴；C. competitors竞争者；D. teammates队友。此处呼应第一段中“I’m sure many of them are nothing more than companions.(我相信他们中的许多人只不过是同伴)”祖父提到的“companions”，很多人不是朋友，只是同伴而已。故选B。 Passage 4 I never imagined I’d be in this situation. I could feel my windpipe (气管) slowly 46 as a high schooler squeezed my neck. How did I 47 here, lying on the floor, getting strangled (掐住脖子) by someone so young? It all began when I took a trial class at a Brazilian jujutsu (柔术) academy. Though I’d been a fan of action movies and 48 by martial arts for years, I hadn’t done anything more 49 than running for a bus. My initial 50 was looking foolish in the uniform — gi. I worried I’d be laughed at. 51 , everyone was incredibly nice, even when I accidentally put my knee on someone’s neck. Eventually, I 52 my anxiety and bought a gi for practice. Months later, I’m still terrible at it. I always forget basic moves and often get 53 quickly. But the most meaningful part came when my son joined the children’s class. His 54 in learning with his dad showed that being a beginner is nothing to 55 . This journey has taught me to 56 challenges despite knowing I might fail. Jujitsu has given me 57 to try new things. The experience has been 58 for my personal growth. Now I understand that true strength isn’t about being perfect, but about having the courage to 59 . Don’t let fear of 60 stop you from trying. You might discover unexpected joys and be surprised by what you can do. 46．A．opening B．closing C．widening D．sharpening 47．A．end up B．turn up C．break up D．set up 48．A．limited B．touched C．shocked D．fascinated 49．A．athletic B．academic C．artistic D．economic 50．A．hope B．blessing C．concern D．doubt 51．A．Surprisingly B．Unfortunately C．Naturally D．Seriously 52．A．ignored B．overcame C．accepted D．forgot 53．A．bored B．delighted C．confused D．breathless 54．A．fear B．embarrassment C．enthusiasm D．criticism 55．A．be proud of B．look forward to C．be afraid of D．put up with 56．A．avoid B．embrace C．reject D．create 57．A．excuses B．courage C．equipment D．techniques 58．A．valuable B．stressful C．meaningless D．demanding 59．A．end B．argue C．begin D．leave 60．A．judgement B．darkness C．death D．failure 【答案】 46．B 47．A 48．D 49．A 50．C 51．A 52．B 53．D 54．C 55．C 56．B 57．B 58．A 59．C 60．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己参加巴西柔术体验课的经历，从最初的担忧、焦虑，到克服困难坚持练习，并且儿子加入儿童班后，作者从中领悟到真正的力量不在于完美，而在于有勇气开始尝试新事物，鼓励人们不要害怕失败，勇敢去尝试。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能感觉到，当一个高中生掐住我的脖子时，我的气管正在慢慢闭合。A. opening打开；B. closing关闭；C. widening变宽；D. sharpening变锋利。根据上文“a high schooler squeezed my neck”可知，掐脖子会导致气管逐渐闭合。故选B。 47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我怎么会落到这般境地——躺在地板上，被一个如此年轻的人掐住脖子？A. end up最终处于；B. turn up出现；C. break up分手；D. set up建立。根据下文“lying on the floor, getting strangled (掐住脖子) by someone so young”可知，躺在地板上，被这么年轻的人掐住脖子是作者最终的状态。故选A。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我多年来一直是动作电影的粉丝，并且被武术深深吸引，但除了追公交车，我没有做过任何更具运动性的事情。A. limited限制；B. touched触摸；C. shocked震惊；D. fascinated吸引。根据上文“I’d been a fan of action movies”可知，作者一直是动作电影的粉丝，应是对武术有喜爱、被吸引。故选D。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我多年来一直是动作电影的粉丝，并且被武术深深吸引，但除了追公交车，我没有做过任何更具运动性的事情。A. athletic运动的；B. academic学术的；C. artistic艺术的；D. economic经济的。根据下文“running for a bus”可知，追公交车是唯一的运动相关行为。故选A。 50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最初的担忧是穿着柔术服——道服看起来很傻。A. hope希望；B. blessing祝福；C. concern担忧；D. doubt怀疑。根据下文“I worried I’d be laughed at”可知，最初的担忧是穿道服显得愚蠢。故选C。 51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，每个人都非常友善，即便我不小心用膝盖撞到了别人的脖子。A. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Seriously严肃地。根据上文“I worried I’d be laughed at.”和下文“everyone was incredibly nice,”可知，上下文形成转折关系，surprisingly表示“令人惊讶地”符合语境。故选A。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，我克服了焦虑，买了一套道服用于练习。A. ignored忽视；B. overcame克服；C. accepted接受；D. forgot忘记。根据下文“bought a gi for practice”可知，作者克服了焦虑。故选B。 53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我总是忘记基本动作，而且经常很快就气喘吁吁。A. bored无聊的；B. delighted高兴的；C. confused困惑的；D. breathless气喘吁吁的。根据上文“Months later, I’m still terrible at it”可知，几个月后，作者仍然很糟糕，说明练习时状态不好，会气喘吁吁。故选D。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他和爸爸一起学习的热情表明，作为一个初学者并没有什么可害怕的。A. fear恐惧；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. enthusiasm热情；D. criticism批评。根据下文“being a beginner is nothing to 　　10　　.”可知，儿子和爸爸一起学习时的状态是积极的，enthusiasm表示“热情”，符合语境。故选C。 55．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他和爸爸一起学习的热情表明，作为一个初学者并没有什么可害怕的。A. be proud of为……骄傲；B. look forward to期待；C. be afraid of害怕；D. put up with忍受。根据“being a beginner”并结合前文作者克服焦虑可知，这里说初学者没什么可害怕的。故选C。 56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段旅程教会了我，尽管知道自己可能会失败，但还是要接受挑战。A. avoid避免；B. embrace拥抱，接受；C. reject拒绝；D. create创造。根据下文“despite knowing I might fail”可知，作者还是要接受挑战。故选B。 57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：柔术给了我尝试新事物的勇气。A. excuses借口；B. courage勇气；C. equipment设备；D. techniques技术。根据下文“but about having the courage to 　　14　　”可知，柔术给了作者勇气，下文的courage是词汇复现。故选B。 58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这段经历对我的个人成长很有价值。A. valuable有价值的；B. stressful有压力的；C. meaningless无意义的；D. demanding要求高的。根据“for my personal growth”和“Now I understand that true strength isn’t about being perfec”可知，这段经历对个人成长是有价值的。故选A。 59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我明白了，真正的力量不在于完美，而在于有勇气开始。A. end结束；B. argue争论；C. begin开始；D. leave离开。根据上文“true strength isn’t about being perfect”并结合上文作者作为初学者等，说明是有勇气开始。故选C。 60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不要让对失败的恐惧阻止你去尝试。A. judgement判断；B. darkness黑暗；C. death死亡；D. failure失败。根据上文“despite knowing I might fail”可知，此处总结不要让对失败的恐惧阻止你尝试，前后呼应。故选D。 Passage 5 “Mom, we need to come up with a hobby to do together on Skype,” my daughter Kristen said one day. Two years ago, Kristen had moved from Philadelphia to San Francisco. While we had video calls regularly, she longed for something more 61 . I thought hard and said, “You know I’m terrible at crafts, but what about making pot holders (锅垫)?” I remembered 62 them with cotton threads over a small loom (织布机). They were simple to master, 63 , I hoped I still had the skills. Without 64 , Kristen accepted the idea. She immediately 65 weaving looms and materials for both of us online, calling our project “Patti’s Pot Holders”. And so, our weekly crafting sessions began. We spend time 66 the instructions through the Skype video call: 67 the threads horizontally (水平地) to the sides of the frame, then weaving others over and under them. It required 68 and patience. However, as our fingers grew more skilled with the rhythm of the work, a wonderful 69 occurred. We found we could work almost 70 , freeing us to have long conversations. Our talks grew 71 . We asked each other honest questions and shared true feelings. I felt I learned more about my daughter than when she lived 72 . Now, the colorful pot holders I’ve made so far 73 on my kitchen wall like an art display. But what 74 most was the bond we built through those shared hours across the miles. Like angels flying between Philadelphia and San Francisco, our love found a new way to 75 . 61．A．meaningful B．popular C．flexible D．challenging 62．A．tying B．teaching C．weaving D．drawing 63．A．therefore B．otherwise C．meanwhile D．however 64．A．warning B．hesitation C．discussion D．doubt 65．A．ordered B．rented C．collected D．researched 66．A．looking out B．picking up C．figuring out D．taking up 67．A．pushing B．stretching C．attaching D．extending 68．A．strength B．focus C．courage D．intelligence 69．A．shift B．pause C．rhythm D．balance 70．A．continuously B．properly C．effectively D．automatically 71．A．funnier B．deeper C．louder D．shorter 72．A．abroad B．online C．faraway D．nearby 73．A．rest B．hang C．lay D．hold 74．A．worked B．seemed C．considered D．mattered 75．A．connect B．fade C．appear D．represent 【答案】 61．A 62．C 63．D 64．B 65．A 66．C 67．C 68．B 69．A 70．D 71．B 72．D 73．B 74．D 75．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了女儿克里斯汀从费城搬到旧金山后，为让视频通话更有意义，与母亲约定通过Skype一起编织锅垫。熟练后两人边做手工边深谈，母亲更懂女儿，这段跨距的共同时光也加深了母女联结。 61．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们经常进行视频通话，但她还是渴望能有更有意义的交流。A. meaningful有意义的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. flexible灵活的；D. challenging挑战性的。根据上文“Mom, we need to come up with a hobby to do together on Skype”以及前文提到母女定期视频，但女儿渴望更多，结合后文共同做手工建立更深联结，可知需要“有意义的”事物。故选A。 62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得曾用棉线在一台小型织布机上将它们编织起来。A. tying系；B. teaching教学；C. weaving编织；D. drawing绘画。根据后文“them with cotton threads over a small loom”可知，作者编织锅垫。故选C。 63．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们操作起来相当简单，不过我仍希望自己还保留着相应的技能。A. therefore因此；B. otherwise否则；C. meanwhile同时；D. however然而。前文“They were simple to master”提到容易掌握，后文“I hoped I still had the skills.”说希望仍有技能，存在转折关系。故选D。 64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：克里斯汀毫不犹豫地接受了这个想法。A. warning警告；B. hesitation犹豫；C. discussion讨论；D. doubt怀疑。后文“She immediately 5 weaving looms and materials for both of us online”提到女儿立刻在线订购，说明她毫不犹豫接受提议。故选B。 65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她随即在网上为我们俩订购了织布机和布料，并将我们的这个项目命名为“帕蒂的锅垫”。A. ordered订购；B. rented租用；C. collected收集；D. researched研究。结合“online（在线）”和“materials（材料）”，可知是订购织布机和材料。故选A。 66．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们通过Skype视频通话来仔细研究操作说明：将线材水平地固定在框架的两侧，然后将其他线材在它们之上和之下交叉编织起来。A. looking out小心；B. picking up捡起；C. figuring out弄清楚；D. taking up开始从事。根据后文“the instructions through the Skype video call”可知，母女通过视频通话弄明白编织步骤，强调理解过程。故选C。 67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们通过Skype视频通话来仔细研究操作说明：将线材水平地固定在框架的两侧，然后将其他线材在它们之上和之下交叉编织起来。A. pushing推；B. stretching伸展；C. attaching固定，附上；D. extending扩大。根据后文“the threads horizontally to the sides of the frame”可知，编织步骤中，需将线固定在织布机框架两侧。故选C。 68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这需要专注力和耐心。A. strength力量；B. focus专注力；C. courage勇气；D. intelligence智慧。根据后文“and patience”可知，编织需要专注操作和耐心，才能完成步骤。故选B。 69．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着我们的手指在工作节奏中的配合愈发熟练，一种奇妙的变化发生了。A. shift变化；B. pause暂停；C. rhythm韵律；D. balance平衡。后文“We asked each other honest questions and shared true feelings.”提到能边做边长谈，说明情况发生了转变。故选A。 70．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们发现我们能够近乎自动地进行工作，从而让我们有时间进行深入的交流。A. continuously持续地；B. properly合适地；C. effectively有效地；D. automatically自动地。根据上文“as our fingers grew more skilled”可知，手指熟练后，编织几乎自动进行，无需刻意专注。故选D。 71．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的交流变得更加深入了。A. funnier更有趣的；B. deeper更深的；C. louder更大声地；D. shorter更短的。根据上文“We asked each other honest questions and shared true feelings.(我们彼此坦诚地交流，分享了真实的情感)”可知，交流变得更加深入了。故选B。 72．考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：与女儿住在附近的时候相比，我现在对她有了更多的了解。A. abroad外国；B. online在线的；C. faraway遥远的；D. nearby在附近。根据上文“Two years ago, Kristen had moved from Philadelphia to San Francisco.”可知，女儿之前住费城（母亲所在地），现在住旧金山，此处对比住得近的时候。故选D。 73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我目前制作的那些色彩斑斓的锅垫已经挂在了厨房的墙上，宛如一幅艺术作品。A. rest休息；B. hang悬挂；C. lay放置；D. hold持有。根据后文“on my kitchen wall”可知，锅垫悬挂在厨房墙上，符合“展示”的场景。故选B。 74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最为重要的是，正是那些跨越千里的共同时光让我们之间建立了深厚的羁绊。A. worked工作；B. seemed似乎；C. considered考虑；D. mattered重要。根据后文“most was the bond”以及前文说锅垫像艺术品，但最重要的是母女间的联结。故选D。 75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像天使在费城和旧金山之间穿梭飞翔一样，我们的爱情找到了一种全新的联结方式。A. connect连接；B. fade消失；C. appear出现；D. represent代表。根据上文“most was the bond we built through those shared hours across the miles”可知，爱通过共同手工找到新的“联结”方式，呼应前文母女分隔两地的背景。故选A。 A One night, Sean saw an interesting scene. Four robots were lined up. They appeared to have been 1 in their tracks because the leader was stopped behind a carelessly placed bike. Some people tried to help, but soon they were annoyed at the lead robot’s lack of 2 their efforts. People might not realize these robots were 3 to the rule that they wouldn’t move until humans stopped crossing in front of them. It’s not 4 being a delivery robot. In America, they have been kicked or hit 5 by angry people. They’ve become popular subjects of online fail videos. In these videos, they can be seen 6 stairs or bumping into the furniture. There are also some potential 7 to overcome before delivery robots can be widely used. Because of 8 concerns, many cities have banned these robots. A scientist from Michigan expressed similar 9 . He pointed out the danger the robots would bring to the public if they failed to work properly. 10 , delivery robots have a fairly low carrying capacity. That’s to say, the number and type of deliveries that they can complete is few. Besides, the robots need to remain within a certain range of a 11 station in case they run out of power. Therefore, they are also 12 in their potential range. This could make their application 13 , especially in areas far from major city centers. Society’s growing 14 for contactless delivery services has driven up demand for delivery robots. However, these machines still have a long way to go before they have what it truly takes to face the 15 realities of the real world. 1．A．tested B．targeted C．stuck D．harmed 2．A．response to B．reward with C．review of D．blame for 3．A．important B．loyal C．close D．unique 4．A．common B．interesting C．easy D．fair 5．A．heavily B．curiously C．helplessly D．carefully 6．A．walking up B．sitting on C．cleaning up D．falling down 7．A．benefits B．illnesses C．challenges D．mistakes 8．A．safety B．health C．environment D．future 9．A．dreams B．doubts C．feelings D．desires 10．A．Surprisingly B．Additionally C．Fortunately D．Thankfully 11．A．charging B．space C．departing D．comfort 12．A．lost B．disappointed C．limited D．engaged 13．A．worthwhile B．reliable C．threatening D．slow 14．A．control B．preference C．competition D．fear 15．A．cultural B．pleasant C．physical D．unpredictable 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．D 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了送货机器人面临的挑战与应用前景。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：四个机器人排成一排，它们似乎被卡在了原地，因为领头的机器人被一辆随意放置的自行车挡住了。A. tested测试；B. targeted瞄准；C. stuck卡住；D. harmed伤害。根据后文“because the leader was stopped behind a carelessly placed bike”可知，领头的机器人被一辆随意放置的自行车挡住了，所以四个机器人被卡在了原地。故选C。 2．考查名词短语辨析。句意：有些人试图帮忙，但很快他们就对领头的机器人对他们的努力缺乏反应感到恼火。A. response to对……的反应；B. reward with以……作为奖赏；C. review of对……的评论；D. blame for因……责备。 根据前文“Some people tried to help, but soon they were annoyed at the lead robot’s lack”可知，人们帮忙但机器人没有回应，导致人们恼火。故选A。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们可能没有意识到这些机器人忠于“在人类停止从它们面前穿过之前，它们不会移动”的规则。A. important重要的；B. loyal忠诚的；C. close接近的；D. unique独特的。根据后文“to the rule that they wouldn’t move until humans stopped crossing in front of them”可知，机器人按程序运行的特点是遵守“在人类停止从它们面前穿过之前，它们不会移动”的规则。“be loyal to the rule”表示“恪守规则”。故选B。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当一个送货机器人并不容易。A. common常见的；B. interesting有趣的；C. easy容易的；D. fair公平的。根据后文“In America, they have been kicked or hit  ____5____  by angry people. They’ve become popular subjects of online fail videos”可知，在美国，送货机器人被愤怒的人踢或打，它们已经成为网上失败视频的热门主题，所以当一个送货机器人并不容易。故选C。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在美国，它们被愤怒的人重重地踢或打。A. heavily重重地；B. curiously好奇地；C. helplessly无助地；D. carefully小心地。根据前文“In America, they have been kicked”可知，在美国，送货机器人被愤怒的人重重地踢或打。故选A。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这些视频中，可以看到它们摔倒在楼梯上或撞到家具上。A. walking up走上；B. sitting on坐在；C. cleaning up清理；D. falling down摔倒。根据后文“stairs or bumping into the furniture”可知，送货机器人摔倒在楼梯上或撞到家具上。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在送货机器人能够被广泛使用之前，还有一些潜在的挑战需要克服。A. benefits好处；B. illnesses疾病；C. challenges挑战；D. mistakes错误。根据后文“Because of  ____8____  concerns, many cities have banned these robots.”以及“He pointed out the danger the robots would bring to the public if they failed to work properly.”可知，由于安全问题和机器人可能带来的危险，许多城市禁止了这些机器人，所以在送货机器人能够被广泛使用之前，还有一些潜在的挑战需要克服。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于安全方面的担忧，许多城市禁止了这些机器人。A. safety安全；B. health健康；C. environment环境；D. future未来。根据后文“He pointed out the danger the robots would bring to the public if they failed to work properly.”可知，科学家指出如果机器人不能正常工作，它们会给公众带来危险，所以由于安全方面的担忧，许多城市禁止了这些机器人。故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位来自密歇根州的科学家表达了类似的怀疑。A. dreams梦想；B. doubts怀疑；C. feelings感觉；D. desires欲望。根据后文“He pointed out the danger the robots would bring to the public if they failed to work properly.”可知，科学家指出如果机器人不能正常工作，它们会给公众带来危险，所以这位科学家对送货机器人表达了类似的怀疑。故选B。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，送货机器人的承载能力相当低。A. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；B. Additionally此外；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Thankfully感激地。根据后文“delivery robots have a fairly low carrying capacity”可知，除了安全问题和机器人可能带来的危险之外，送货机器人的承载能力也相当低，所以此处表示“此外”。故选B。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，机器人需要保持在充电站的一定范围内，以防它们耗尽电量。A. charging充电；B. space空间；C. departing离开；D. comfort舒适。根据后文“in case they run out of power”可知，以防机器人耗尽电量，所以机器人需要保持在充电站的一定范围内。故选A。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，它们的潜在活动范围也受到限制。A. lost迷失的；B. disappointed失望的；C. limited有限的；D. engaged忙碌的。根据前文“the robots need to remain within a certain range of a  ____11____  station in case they run out of power”可知，机器人需要保持在充电站的一定范围内，以防它们耗尽电量，所以它们的潜在活动范围也受到限制。故选C。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这可能会使它们的应用变得缓慢，尤其是在远离主要城市中心的地区。A. worthwhile值得的；B. reliable可靠的；C. threatening威胁的；D. slow缓慢的。根据前文“Therefore, they are also  ____12____  in their potential range.”可知，机器人的潜在活动范围受到限制，所以这可能会使它们的应用变得缓慢。故选D。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：社会对无接触配送服务日益增长的偏好推动了对配送机器人的需求。A. control控制；B. preference偏好；C. competition竞争；D. fear恐惧。根据后文“for contactless delivery services has driven up demand for delivery robots”可知，社会对无接触配送服务日益增长的偏好推动了对配送机器人的需求。故选B。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这些机器人在真正具备面对现实世界不可预测的现实的能力之前，还有很长的路要走。A. cultural文化的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. physical身体的；D. unpredictable不可预测的。 根据前文“However, these machines still have a long way to go”以及后文“realities of the real world”可知，这些机器人在真正具备面对现实世界不可预测的现实的能力之前，还有很长的路要走。故选D。 B When I entered Grade 10, I was so shy that I even avoided asking the teacher questions. One Monday, I found a yellow sticky note on my desk without name, just a simple 16 : “Your smile lights up the room!” I felt 17 when I saw the note. The next day another note appeared: “Great job answering in history class!” I had only memorized (记忆) one sentence, but someone 18 . I began to 19 myself — was I really that worthy? Weeks passed and the notes kept coming. They 20 small things: my neat handwriting, the way I helped classmates, even the funny 21 I drew on the margins (页边空白). I started to sit straighter, speak louder, and greet others first. Then came the mid-term oral exam. My hands were sweating as I walked to the front. Just before I spoke, I saw a yellow corner sticking out of my pencil case: “ 22 — you’ve got this!” That tiny word was like a 23 pushing me forward. I finished the speech 24 and even earned an “A”. After class, I decided to 25 the mystery writer. I handed out thank-you cards to the whole class, 26 one blank piece of yellow sticky paper inside each envelope. The next morning, I received 35 pieces back — everyone had written a kind word. The mystery remained, but it no longer 27 . Now, two years later, I still keep the first yellow note in my diary. Whenever new students arrive, I 28 a small card on their desks: “You’re 29 than you think.” I don’t sign my name, because I know a single sentence can 30 a life. 16．A．goal B．greeting C．message D．topic 17．A．anxious B．warm C．awkward D．confident 18．A．repeated B．corrected C．noticed D．whispered 19．A．doubt B．attract C．pride D．hide 20．A．praised B．listed C．discovered D．created 21．A．notes B．cartoons C．maps D．tiles 22．A．Relax B．Hurry C．Wait D．Listen 23．A．wind B．voice C．hand D．light 24．A．carefully B．nervously C．slowly D．fluently 25．A．organize B．find C．replace D．challenge 26．A．hiding B．drawing C．including D．folding 27．A．worked B．appeared C．improved D．mattered 28．A．put up B．hand out C．look up D．pickup 29．A．braver B．busier C．kinder D．older 30．A．save B．change C．spare D．direct 【答案】 16．C 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．A 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．A 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了害羞的作者因匿名便签获得鼓励变得自信，进而用同样方式温暖他人的故事。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个周一，我在书桌上发现一张没有署名的黄色便利贴，上面只有一句简单的留言：“你的笑容点亮了整个房间！”A. goal目标；B. greeting问候；C. message留言、信息；D. topic话题。根据引号内的“Your smile lights up the room!” 可知，便利贴上是具体的话语信息，属于留言。故选C。 17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到这张便签时，我感到很温暖。A. anxious焦虑的；B. warm温暖的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. confident自信的。根据便签内容“Your smile lights up the room!”可知，这种正面反馈会让人产生温暖的感受。故选B。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只记住了一个句子，但有人注意到了。A. repeated重复；B. corrected纠正；C. noticed注意到；D. whispered低语。根据上文便签内容“Great job answering in history class!”可知，有人留意到了作者在历史课上的回答并给予肯定。故选C。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始怀疑自己 —— 我真的那么值得被称赞吗？A. doubt怀疑；B. attract吸引；C. pride自豪；D. hide隐藏。根据后文“was I really that worthy?”可知，作者对自己是否配得上这些赞美产生了怀疑。故选A。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们赞扬了一些小事：我工整的字迹、帮助同学的方式，甚至是我在页边空白处画的有趣漫画。A. praised赞扬；B. listed列出；C. discovered发现；D. created创造。根据下文“my neat handwriting, the way I helped classmates, even the funny 6 I drew on the margins. ”可知，后文列举的都是作者的优点，因此是它们赞扬了作者。故选A。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们赞扬了一些小事：我工整的字迹、帮助同学的方式，甚至是我在页边空白处画的有趣漫画。A. notes便签；B. cartoons漫画；C. maps地图；D. tiles瓷砖。根据下文“drew on the margins”可知，在书页空白处绘制的应是漫画这类简单画作。故选B。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在我要开口之前，我看到铅笔盒里露出一个黄色的角：“放松 —— 你能行！”A. Relax放松；B. Hurry快点；C. Wait等待；D. Listen听。根据上文“My hands were sweating”可知，作者面对口语考试很紧张，便签内容是为了鼓励他放松心态。故选A。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个小小的词语就像一只手推着我前进。A. wind风；B. voice声音；C. hand手；D. light光。根据下文“pushing me forward”的动作描述可知，用手作比喻能形象体现出便签带来的推动力，符合语境。故选C。 24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我流利地完成了演讲，甚至得了“A”。A. carefully仔细地；B. nervously紧张地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. fluently流利地。根据后文“earned an ‘A’”可知，作者演讲表现出色，“流利地”完成演讲符合获得高分的逻辑。故选D。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：课后，我决定找出这个神秘的写作者。A. organize组织；B. find找到、找出；C. replace替换；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“the mystery writer”以及“handed out thank-you cards to the whole class”的行为可知，作者想弄清写便签的人是谁。故选B。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给全班同学发了感谢卡，每个信封里都装着一张空白的黄色便利贴。A. hiding隐藏；B. drawing画；C. including包含、装入；D. folding折叠。根据下文“inside each envelope”可知，空白便利贴是被包含在信封里一起发放的。故选C。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：谜团仍未解开，但已不再重要。A. worked起作用；B. appeared出现；C. improved改善；D. mattered重要。根据前文“everyone had written a kind word”可知，作者收获了全班同学的善意，此时谁是最初的写作者已不再重要。故选D。 28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每当有新生来，我都会放一张小卡片在他们的书桌上：“你比自己想象的更勇敢。”A. put up张贴，放置；B. hand out分发；C. look up查阅；D. pick up捡起。结合下文“on their desks”可知，此处指将卡片放到新生的书桌上。故选A。 29．考查形容词比较级辨析。句意：每当有新生来，我都会发一张小卡片在他们的书桌上：“你比自己想象的更勇敢。”A. braver更勇敢的；B. busier更忙的；C. kinder更善良的；D. older更年长的。根据前文“When I entered Grade 10, I was so shy that I even avoided asking the teacher questions.”可知，作者曾因害羞不自信，被鼓励后变得勇敢，由此可知，卡片上的话是鼓励新生勇敢，贴合语境。故选A。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不留名，因为我知道一句话就能改变一个人的生活。A. save拯救；B. change改变；C. spare抽出；D. direct指导。根据全文作者从害羞怯懦到自信开朗的转变过程可知，一句鼓励的话拥有改变他人人生的力量。故选B。 C Yesterday morning, I left a note on the desk for my nine-year-old daughter. I 31 : “Ann, please remember to circle which shirt on the printout you want me to 32 for you, to bring the new pencils to school for kids in need and to fill the form of your vacation activities and bring it to school, too.” The tasks about the shirt and the pencils were 33 while the form required more effort. Later, I saw she wanted me to purchase a green shirt, and the pencils were 34 . But the form was still there, 35 . I had three specific requests; 36 , she’d left out the most important one. The night before, we had discussed the 37 of leaving the task unfinished: She wouldn’t 38 the sports team she wanted to join. She was so 39 that she shed tears and promised to take all the assigned tasks seriously in 40 . It’s normal for her to 41 the tasks. Research finds when people are required to do multiple tasks, most people do the easy ones first and leave the hard stuff for later. Psychologists call this 42 “the smaller tasks trap”. Looking back, I should have assessed my priorities and only asked my daughter to 43 the form. The things about the shirt and the pencils could be done on another day. Don’t create long task 44 for other people. Too many requests can lead to fewer getting done. Do prioritize what you ask other people to do and 45 the important ones to ensure they are not left unfinished. 31．A．reasoned B．wrote C．imagined D．translated 32．A．color B．design C．order D．borrow 33．A．accessible B．random C．painless D．ordinary 34．A．kept B．gone C．damaged D．delivered 35．A．wet B．complete C．dirty D．blank 36．A．frequently B．apparently C．probably D．especially 37．A．fact B．cause C．purpose D．consequence 38．A．set up B．look into C．qualify for D．withdraw from 39．A．regretful B．rough C．strict D．unfortunate 40．A．total B．vain C．turn D．future 41．A．skip B．update C．assign D．perform 42．A．lifestyle B．campaign C．tendency D．challenge 43．A．find out B．make up C．wait for D．attend to 44．A．lists B．procedures C．conditions D．presentations 45．A．predict B．highlight C．imagine D．solve 【答案】 31．B 32．C 33．C 34．B 35．D 36．B 37．D 38．C 39．A 40．D 41．A 42．C 43．D 44．A 45．B 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过女儿完成任务时优先做简单任务、遗漏重要任务的经历，探讨了“小任务陷阱”这一现象。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我写道：“安，请记得在打印件上圈出你想让我给你订购的衬衫，把新铅笔带给有需要的孩子，填写你的假期活动表格并带到学校。”A. reasoned推理；B. wrote写；C. imagined想象；D. translated翻译。根据前文“I left a note on the desk”可知，作者是在便条上写了这些内容。故选B项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我写道：“安，请记得在打印件上圈出你想让我给你订购的衬衫，把新铅笔带给有需要的孩子，填写你的假期活动表格并带到学校。”A. color给……着色；B. design设计；C. order订购；D. borrow借。根据后文“I saw she wanted me to purchase a green shirt”可知，此处是指买、订购衬衫。故选C项。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关于衬衫和铅笔的任务很简单，而表格需要更多努力。A. accessible可到达的；B. random随机的；C. painless不费力的；D. ordinary普通的。根据后文“while the form required more effort”可知，前后形成对比，衬衫和铅笔的任务简单、不费力。故选C项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我看到她想让我买一件绿色的衬衫，铅笔也已经不在了。A. kept保持；B. gone走，离开；C. damaged损坏；D. delivered递送。根据前文“bring the new pencils to school for kids in need”可知，铅笔送给学校的小朋友了，已经不在了。故选B项。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但表格还在那里，空白着。A. wet湿的；B. complete完整的；C. dirty脏的；D. blank空白的。根据后文“she’d left out the most important one”以及“leaving the task unfinished”可知，表格没填，是空白的。故选D项。 36．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我有三个具体的要求；显然，她漏掉了最重要的一个。A. frequently频繁地；B. apparently显然地；C. probably可能地；D. especially尤其。根据前文“I had three specific requests”以及后文“she’d left out the most important one”和“She wouldn’t __8__ the sports team she wanted to join. She was so __9__ that she shed tears”可知，此处是指很明显她漏掉了最重要的任务。故选B项。 37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：前一天晚上，我们讨论了未完成任务的后果：她将没有资格加入她想加入的运动队。A. fact事实；B. cause原因；C. purpose目的；D. consequence后果。根据后文“She wouldn’t __8__ the sports team she wanted to join.”可知，这是未完成任务的后果。故选D项。 38．考查动词短语辨析。句意：前一天晚上，我们讨论了未完成任务的后果：她将没有资格加入她想加入的运动队。A. set up建立；B. look into调查；C. qualify for有……资格；D. withdraw from从……退出。根据后文“the sports team she wanted to join” 可知，此处是指她没有完成表格填写，将没有资格加入运动队。故选C项。 39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她非常后悔，流下了眼泪，并承诺今后认真对待所有分配的任务。A. regretful后悔的；B. rough粗糙的；C. strict严格的；D. unfortunate不幸的。根据后文“she shed tears”可知，此处是指她很后悔。故选A项。 40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她非常后悔，流下了眼泪，并承诺今后认真对待所有分配的任务。A. total总共；B. vain徒劳；C. turn转弯；D. future未来。根据前文“promised to take all the assigned tasks seriously”可知，此处应是固定短语in future，意为“从今往后”。故选D项。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她跳过任务是正常的。A. skip跳过；B. update更新；C. assign分配；D. perform执行。根据后文“most people do the easy ones first and leave the hard stuff for later”可知，此处是指跳过难的任务。故选A项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理学家称这种倾向为“小任务陷阱”。A. lifestyle生活方式；B. campaign运动；C. tendency倾向；D. challenge挑战。根据前文“most people do the easy ones first and leave the hard stuff for later”可知，这是一种现象倾向。故选C项。 43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：回想起来，我应该先评估我的优先事项，只让我女儿处理表格。A. find out找出；B. make up组成；C. wait for等待；D. attend to处理。根据后文“the form”以及“could be done”可知，此处是指完成、处理表格。故选D项。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不要为别人创建长长的任务清单。A. lists清单；B. procedures程序；C. conditions条件；D. presentations展示。根据前文“long”以及后文“Too many requests”可知，此处是指任务清单。故选A项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一定要优先考虑你要求别人做的事情，并突出重要的事情，以确保它们不会被遗漏。A. predict预测；B. highlight突出；C. imagine想象；D. solve解决。根据前文“prioritize”可知，此处是指对事项进行优先级排序、突出重要的任务。故选B项。 D At my heaviest, I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to 46 bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. Worried about my health, I tried various diets but nothing 47 . I came to believe that I could do nothing about my 48 . Then something enlightening happened when I was 50. That year, I attended a seminar(研讨会). One participant 49 me with her project, where she not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children. What a perfect 50 of healing oneself and healing the world! 51 by her story, I created the As We Heal, the World Heals project. My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 52 a campaign to end hunger. As I began my program, I was afraid that I would 53 the same difficulties that beat me before. But there were also signs that I was on the right 54 . I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It turned out perfect. Donations began 55 in from hundreds of people. Of course, I also took some 56 steps to lose weight. I 57 a doctor, ate healthy meals, and most importantly, exercised 58 . A year later, I 59 my goal! I feel that I’ve been given a second life to devote to something that is 60 and enormous. 46．A．add B．acquire C．kill D．concern 47．A．existed B．mattered C．remained D．worked 48．A．weight B．height C．struggle D．emotion 49．A．impressed B．rewarded C．provided D．pleased 50．A．expectation B．operation C．connection D．combination 51．A．Amused B．Confused C．Inspired D．Annoyed 52．A．in honour of B．in place of C．in charge of D．in support of 53．A．experience B．overcome C．balance D．describe 54．A．attitude B．row C．path D．spot 55．A．breaking B．flooding C．jumping D．stepping 56．A．thorough B．practical C．efficient D．flexible 57．A．looked for B．thought of C．consulted with D．agreed with 58．A．regularly B．cautiously C．formally D．occasionally 59．A．achieved B．checked C．set D．scored 60．A．thankful B．meaningful C．skillful D．respectful 【答案】 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．A 50．D 51．C 52．D 53．A 54．C 55．B 56．B 57．C 58．A 59．A 60．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾体重超标且减肥无果，50岁时受他人事迹启发，发起减肥与公益结合的项目，最终实现目标并获得人生新意义的经历。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和食物的关系很差：我用它来消除不好的感觉，让自己感觉更好，也用它来庆祝。A. add增加、添加；B. acquire获得、取得；C. kill消除、杀死、消磨；D. concern关心、涉及、使担忧。根据下文“to make myself feel better, and to celebrate.”可知，作者用食物来消除不好的感觉。故选C。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：担心自己的健康，我尝试了各种各样的节食方法，但都无济于事。A. existed存在；B. mattered重要、有关系；C. remained保持、残留；D. worked起作用、工作、奏效。根据下文“I came to believe that I could do nothing about my ____3____ .”可知，作者尝试了很多节食的方法，但是不起作用。故选D。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始相信我对自己的体重无能为力。A. weight体重、重量；B. height身高、高度；C. struggle挣扎、奋斗；D. emotion情绪、情感。根据上文“Worried about my health, I tried various diets but nothing ____2____ .”可知，作者觉得自己无法减去体重。故选A。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位参与者的项目给我留下了深刻的印象，她不仅减掉了125磅，还为无家可归的儿童筹集了2.5万美元。A. impressed使印象深刻、打动；B. rewarded奖励、奖赏；C. provided提供、给予；D. pleased使高兴、取悦。根据下文“where she not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children.”可知，这个人给作者留下了深刻的印象。故选A。 50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是治愈自己和治愈世界的完美结合！A. expectation期待、期望；B. operation手术、操作；C. connection联系、关联；D. combination结合、组合。根据空后“healing oneself and healing the world”可知，治愈世界的同时治愈了自己是一个完美的结合。故选D。 51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到她的故事的启发，我创建了“我们治愈自我，世界便获治愈”项目。A. Amused被逗乐的、觉得好笑的；B. Confused困惑的、糊涂的；C. Inspired受启发的、受鼓舞的；D. Annoyed恼怒的、生气的。根据下文“I created the As We Heal, the World Heals project.”可知，作者受到了启发创建了一个项目。故选C。 52．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我的目标是在一年内减掉150磅，并筹集5万美元来支持一项消除饥饿的运动。A. in honour of为纪念、为致敬；B. in place of代替、取代；C. in charge of负责、掌管；D. in supp$