专题01 词类综合+语法填空（复习讲义）（全国通用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题01 词类综合+语法填空 目录 01 析·考情精解 2 02 构·知能架构 3 03 破·考点攻坚 4 考点一 形容词变副词 3 必备知识 1.直接加-ly; 2. 变y为i加-ly 3. -ic结尾直接加-ally 4. ble结尾去e加y 命题预测 继续关注副词放句首作评价状语或修饰动词、形容词、副词作程度状语 考点二 名词变形容词 7 必备知识 1.-y 2.-ed 3.-ly 4.-ful 5.-less 6.-al 7.-cial 8.-ic 9.-ble 10.-ous 11.-ant 12.-en 命题预测 继续关注形容词作定语、表语及宾语补足语的用法 考点三 动词变形容词 10 必备知识 1.-ing 2.-ed 3.-ful 4.-ble 5.-ive 命题预测 继续关注形容词作定语、表语及宾语补足语的用法 考点四 形容词变名词 12 必备知识 1.-age 2.-cy 3.-ness 4.-th 5.-ty 6.-ence 7.-dom 命题预测 继续关注名词作主语、宾语、表语的用法 考点五 动词变名词 14 必备知识 1.-er 2.-or 3.-tion 4.-sion 5.-ing 6.-al 7.-ment 8.-ance 9.-ence 10.-y 11.-ty 命题预测 继续关注名词作主语、宾语、表语的用法 命题轨迹透视 从近三年高考试题来看，试题以语法填空为主，题目难度适中。命题趋势：在语篇中考查学生对词性转换知识的掌握情况，强化语言知识的运用能力和语境理解。 考点频次总结 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 形容词变副词 2025全国一卷60，1.5分 2024九省联考卷60，1.5分 2023新课标I卷64,1.5分；2023新课标II卷63,1.5分 名词变形容词 2025全国一卷63，1.5分；2025全国二卷57，1.5分 2024新课标I卷57，1.5分 2023新课标I卷66，1.5分；2023新课标II卷67，1.5分；2023浙江1月卷61，1.5分 动词变形容词 2024新课标I卷59，1.5分 形容词变名词 2025全国二卷63，1.5分 2024新课标I卷65，1.5分；2024新课标II卷62，1.5分 动词变名词 2025全国一卷59，1.5分；2025浙江1月卷61，1.5分；2024八省联考卷65，1.5分 2024新课标II卷56，1.5分；2024全国甲卷68，1.5分；2023浙江1月卷60，1.5分 2023新课标II卷56，1.5分；2023全国甲卷69，1.5分 2026命题 预测 预计在2026年高考中，会继续侧重动词或形容词变名词的考查，兼顾对形容词变副词和名词变形容词的考查。 考点一 考查形容词加-ly变副词的用法 1. （2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 2.（2024九省联考卷）Today, a writer (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets a new one. 3.（2023新课标II卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 命题解读 新情境：考查副词放在句首作评价性状语，改变了往年修饰动词、形容词用副词的考查方式。 新考法：高考第一次考查以-ic结尾的形容词变为副词，需要加上-ally。改变了往年直接加-ly的考查方式。 新角度：副词放在句首作评价性状语。 4.（2023新课标I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time. 5.（2023浙江1月卷）The term “hutong”, (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 6.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and ____________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 7.（2022新课标II卷）When he looked down, he ____________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. 8.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, ____________(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 9.（2021新课标I卷）The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ____________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed! 10.（2021北京卷）Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____________ (safe) wait for the police to take her home. 11.（2021浙江1月卷）But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed ____________ (sharp). 12.（2021天津卷）As working from home becomes ____________(increasing) common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career. 13.（2020全国III卷）As the small boat moved ____________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 14.（2020全国I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is ____________ (extreme) challenging. 15.（2020全国II卷）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. ____________ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. 形容词+-ly后缀变副词规则 规则 示例 例外 多数形容词直接加-ly successful—successfully severe—severely extreme—extremely quick—quickly full-fully 以-y结尾变y为i加-ly happy—happily easy—easily necessary---necessarily heavy—heavily shy—shyly 以-le, -ble结尾去e加y gentle—gently possible—possibly probable—probably simple—simply true—truly whole—wholly 以-ic结尾直接加-ally basic—basically specific—specifically scientific—scientifically automatic--automatically public--publicly 以-ing结尾直接加-ly surprising-surprisingly increasing—increasingly interesting—interestingly joking—jokingly 以-ed结尾直接加-ly repeat—repeatedly hurried—hurriedly excited—excitedly expected--unexpectedly 1.形容词以字母e结尾变副词最容易 以-le, -ble结尾去e加y，如simply, reasonably；true和whole则是去e加ly；其他直接加-ly。 2.以y结尾变y为i加-ly，但是shyly例外。 3.full和public都是特殊词，副词分别是fully, publicly。 能力1 副词放在句首作评价性状语 Unexpectedly the final exam was easier than we expected. 出乎意料的是，期末考试比我们预想的简单 能力2 副词修饰动词、形容词或副词 The students listened to the lecture attentively. 学生们专心听讲座。 She is physically strong and mentally tough. 她身体强壮，意志坚定。 考向1 副词位于句首作状语 1.（2025·广东中山·二模） (evident), the cashier amazes me with his inspiration and desire to start with smaller, easily achievable goals. 2.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Calmly and (deliberate), she poured petrol over the car and set it alight. 考向2 副词修饰动词作程度状语 3.（25-26高二上·重庆·期中）The policy aims to ensure that all the residents are (sufficient) protected. 4.（25-26高二上·江苏无锡·期中）I turned left (automatic) without thinking at the crossing. 5.（25-26高二上·北京·期中）You may (occasional) disagree with your family, but honest communication will always help address the problem. 6.（2026高三·广东·专题练习）The Frangipani family （apparent) turned the structure into a castle. 7.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammers can aim at victims_______ (precise). 8.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）She learned (excite) that with a little creativity and observation, any challenge could be overcome. 9.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）The woman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness, (sympathetic) jumped up. 考向3 副词修饰形容词作程度状语 10.（26-27高三上·全国·课后作业）Though (initial) depressed at the terrible diagnoses, Hawking soon returned to his research. 考点二 考查名词加后缀变形容词的用法 1. (2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ___________ (strategy) placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 命题解读 新情境：以上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览为命题情境，巧妙融合了传统文化、人工智能与当代艺术，是中国传统文化中的哲思与智慧与现代科技结合的全新呈现。 新考法：此题给不少考生造成压力，既熟悉又陌生。平时需要多积累，掌握一些相对陌生的变形。 新角度：本句特别长，多达44词。同时，学生也能看出来应用形容词作定语。 2. (2025全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ___________ (center) heating doesn’t exist. 3. (2025北京卷）Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s 11 (peace), especially around sunset. 4. (2024新课标I卷）The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful. 5.（2023新课标I卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 36 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 6.（2023新课标II卷）Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 37 (confidence) speaking English. 7.（2023全国甲卷） 67 (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 8.（2023全国乙卷）The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 9.（2023浙江1月卷）The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens. 10.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. 11.（2021新课标II卷）I told him how ____________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. 12.（2021全国甲卷）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ____________ (day) routines. 13.（2021全国乙卷）·Provide ____________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 14.（2020新课标卷）In the 18th and 19th centuries, ____________ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. 15.（2020全国II卷）Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The ____________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 16.（2020北京卷）Oliver says if you're____________ (luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them if you can join in when it's possible. 名词+后缀变形容词规则 规则 示例 -y 后缀 hunger→hungry 饿的fog→foggy 有雾的 -ed后缀 gift →gifted 有天赋的talent→talented 有天赋的 -ful后缀 meaning→meaningful 有意义的colour→colourful五彩缤纷的 -less后缀 fear→ fearless不怕的 home→ homeless无家可归的 -ble后缀 change →changeable 易变的access →accessible可接近的 -ous后缀 courage→courageous 勇敢的mystery →mysterious 神秘的 -al后缀 addition→additional 附加的class→classical 经典的 -cial后缀 office→official 官方的 benefit→beneficial有益的 -ly后缀 day →daily每日的month →monthly 每月的 -en后缀 wood→wooden木制的wool→woolen 羊毛的 -ic后缀 energy→energetic精力充沛的strategy→strategic战略的 -ant后缀 ignorance→ ignorant 无知的tolerance →tolerant容忍的 知识1 形容词作定语，放在名词前。 We enjoyed the beautiful scenery in the mountains. 我们欣赏了山中美丽的风景。 知识2 形容词作表语，放在系动词后面。 She is confident about the upcoming exam. 她对即将到来的考试充满信心。 知识3 形容词作宾语补足语，用于“动词+名词+形容词”。 They consider the plan practical. 他们认为这个计划切实可行。 1.同样是加-able后缀，有的是直接加-able，如knowledgeable,有的是去e加-able，如achievable；有的是变为ible，如accessible。 2.有的是加-cal, 如physical，有的是加-cial，如beneficial,，注意区分。 3.有的是多个形容词，需要辨析，如historic表示“有历史意义的”，historical则表示“与历史有关的”。 能力1 名词前多用形容词作定语 He gave me some practical advice on English learning. 他给了我一些关于英语学习的实用建议。 能力2 系动词后接形容词构成系表结构 After years of hard work, he became successful. 经过多年努力，他变得成功了。 1.（25-26高二上·重庆·期中）Music is a (universe) language of mankind. 2.（25-26高三上·陕西汉中·期中）I would like to have a chat with the (profession) lawyer about some financial issues. 3. （25-26高二上·广东惠州·期中）Einstein left a (remark) impact not only in science but also in how we think about creativity, education, and global peace. 4.（25-26高三上·福建泉州·期中）The new teacher’s (energy) teaching style makes the boring subject interesting. 5.（25-26高二上·北京·期中）The key to success is finding something that you are (passion) about. 6.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Lastly, it promotes a healthy and active lifestyle, which is (essence) for overall well-being. 7. （25-26高二上·吉林松原·期中）You can break the (convention) rules of style and create something new. 8.（25-26高二上·吉林松原·期中）The students return in September for the start of the new (academy) year. 9. （25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）It’s (normal) for him to pass up the chance because he wanted it very much. 10.（25-26高二上·广东阳江·月考）You can always count on him because he is a (rely) friend who never breaks his promises. 考点三 考查动词变形容词的用法 1.（2024新课标I卷）In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants. 命题解读 新情境：句子有多个考向，容易迷惑考生。可以理解填写副词修饰动词，也可以理解为系表结构。 新考法：命题情境中，给出了明确的系动词stays。 新角度：考查学生在实际文章情境中的运用而不是直接孤立考查系表结构问题。 2.（2022浙江卷）Blind people recognize shapes with their ____________ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of sighted people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. 3.（2022浙江卷）Blind people recognize shapes with their existing senses, in a way similar to that of ____________ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. 4.（2022新课标I卷）Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ____________ (astonish). 5.（2021新课标II卷）I was so ____________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half. 动词+后缀变形容词规则 规则 示例 -ful 后缀 forget → forgetful健忘的regret→regretful 后悔的 -ed后缀 organize → organized有组织的 unite → united 联合的 -ing后缀 thrill →thrilling令人兴奋的terrify →terrifying 令人恐惧的 -ble后缀 adjust → adjustable可调整的accept→acceptable可接受的 -ive后缀 explode→explosive易爆的protect→protective保护的 知识1 形容词化的-ing和-ed的区别需要掌握。  The result is surprising.这个结果令人惊讶。 They are surprised at the result. 他们对这个结果感到惊讶。 知识2 动词变形容词在句中作表语或定语居多。 His encouraging speech at the meeting made everyone full of confidence. 他在会上令人鼓舞的发言让每个人都充满信心。 He was embarrassed when he realized he had made a silly mistake in the public speech. 当他意识到自己在公开演讲中犯了一个愚蠢的错误时，感到很尴尬。 能力1 区分-ing和-ed类形容词的用法 The boring lecture on history lasted for two hours and made some students fall asleep. 这场无聊的历史讲座持续了两个小时，让一些学生睡着了。 能力2 判断空白处的词性和词尾变化同等重要 The tiring sports meeting made everyone exhausted. 这场令人疲惫的运动会让每个人都筋疲力尽 考向1 形容词作定语 1. （25-26高二上·广东广州·期中）The museum has designed many (interact) exhibits, allowing visitors to touch, experiment, and learn through hands-on experience. 2.（25-26高二上·江苏·月考）The lady wore a (freeze) smile on her face when hearing this. 3.（25-26高二上·广东惠州·期中）The teacher praised Tom for his (persuade) speech on environmental protection, as it encouraged many classmates to start saving water and electricity. 4.（26-27高三上·全国·课后作业）It was 30 years before he told anyone of his (terrify) experience. 5.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Road networks are expanding worldwide at an (alarm) rate. 6.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a (rely) weekly supply of fresh greens. 7.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）He found doing the (repeat) routine work boring, and so he made up his mind to make a change. 8. （25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Hit the gym for a (refresh) workout or take a swim that will set you up for the day. 考向2 形容词作表语 9.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）The patient looked (puzzle), and then replied: “Oh this isn’t for the care I had. I take that as a given. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.” 10. （2025高三下·全国·专题练习）The teacher was (appreciate) of the students’ hard work on the project, praising their creativity and teamwork. 考点四 考查形容词加后缀变名词的用法 1.（2025全国二卷）The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 63 (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoonswith lots of fresh air. 2.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65 (rich) of gardening in England. 3. （2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 62 (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. 命题解读 新情境：以“汤显祖和莎士比亚”为背景，增强文化互鉴，培养国际视野，爱国情怀。 新考法：考查名词作宾语的迁移能力，虽然学生认识visible，也知道able的名词是ability，这里需要具备能力迁移。 新角度：这类变形给学生既熟悉又陌生的感觉。 4.（2022全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a __________ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 形容词+后缀变名词规则 规则 示例 -age short→shortage 短缺 percent→percentage 百分比 -cy efficient→efficiency效率 fluent→fluency流利 accurate→accuracy准确性 private→privacy隐私 -dom free→freedom自由 wise→wisdom明智；智慧 -ence different→difference差异 evident →evidence 证据 -ness weak→weakness虚弱；弱点 thick→thickness厚度 kind→kindness仁慈，友好 careless→carelessness粗心大意 -th strong→strength力气；优势 warm→warmth温暖；热情 -y/ -ty safe→safety安全 disable→disability缺陷；伤残 responsible→responsibility责任 honest→honesty诚实 1. （2025高三下·全国·专题练习）The company upgraded its network (secure) system to prevent unauthorized access to customer data. 2.（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）Some patients in hospital experience high levels of (anxious). 3.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Now Tom becomes a (pessimistic), because he is never interested in new things. 4.（25-26高三上·福建厦门·开学考试）International agreements clearly forbid the (cruel) of making animals go through unneeded pain in beauty product labs. 5. （2025高三·全国·专题练习）He showed remarkable (competent) when faced with the difficult problems in tough times. 考点五 考查动词加后缀变名词的用法 1. （2025全国一卷）“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your 59 (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 2.（2025浙江 1月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive 61 (solve) to one-time event dressing. 3.（2025八省联考卷）As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through 65 (innovate), and its inclusiveness. 4. (2024新课标II卷） The latest 56 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. 5.（2024全国甲卷）They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 68 ( complete ) of their journey. 6.（2024浙江1月卷）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the __________ (criticize) that they lead to waste. 7. (2023新课标II卷）Since June 2017, right before the __________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 8.（2023全国甲卷）The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Cason’s theme is a more weighty __________ (warn) about environmental destruction. 9.（2022全国甲卷）Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___________ (protect). 10.（2022浙江 1月卷）When the answer, was no, she, declined the ___________(invite). 11.（2021新课标II卷）A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 12.（2021全国乙卷）It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educate about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the _____________(develop) of the local areas. 13.（2021浙江卷）In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___________ (marry)ceremony in 1842. 动词+后缀变名词规则 规则 示例 -ion/ -tion/ -sion/ correct→correction改正 celebrate→celebration庆祝 conclude→conclusion结论；结束 admit→admission承认；准许加入 permit→permission允许，许可 explain→explanation解释 -er/ -or sail→sailor海员，水手 drive→driver司机；驾驶员 announce→announcer广播员 conduct→conductor指挥；售票员 -ment punish→punishment惩罚 achieve→achievement成就 argue→argument辩论；论据 treat→treatment对待；治疗 equip →equipment装备；设备 govern→government政府 -ance/ -ence appear→appearance出现；外貌 guide→guidance指引；指导 prefer→preference偏爱 refer→reference参考，查阅 -ure/ -ture fail→failure失败；倒闭 press→pressure压力 depart→departure离开；出发 mix→mixture混合物 -ing hear→hearing听力，听觉 begin→beginning开始 build→building建筑 warn→warning 警告 -y recover→recovery恢复 discover→discovery发现 能力1 有时动词变名词时，词尾要发生些许变化，如explanation，argument等。 能力2 有时动词变名词时，可能有两个，一个指人，一个指物，如participant参加者，participation参加等。 1. （25-26高二上·广东广州·期中）Doing regular exercise and listening to soft music are effective ways to alleviate____________ (anxious) before important exams. 2.（25-26高一上·四川成都·期中）The young designer managed to win people’s (recognize) with her creative and eco-friendly clothing collection at the fashion show. 3.（25-26高二上·江苏·期中）During exams, any (disturb) can affect a student’s concentration and performance. 4.（25-26高二上·福建漳州·期中）The teacher praised him for his working (efficient) in organizing the conference. 5.（25-26高二上·江苏·期中）The audience broke into loud (applaud) when the singer finished her touching performance. 6. （25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）When he joined the club, he felt a sense of (belong). 7.（25-26高二上·北京·期中）How students handle their teachers’ feedback is a matter of personal____________ (prefer). 8.（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）Any (assist) you could give the police will be greatly appreciated. 9.（26-27高三上·全国·课后作业）The (divide) between the prosperous (繁荣的) west and the impoverished east remains. 10.（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）This medicine is quite beneficial to his (recover) after the operation. （25-26高三上·安徽·月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China is pushing ahead in the race to decarbonize (脱碳). In just over a decade, its solar energy capacity 1 (explode) from under 1 gigawatt in 2010 to nearly 900 gigawatts in 2024. That’s a surprising increase of nearly 900 times. By contrast, the United States, despite its vast resources and 2 (innovation) capacity, has seen far more modest growth, with solar capacity 3 (reach) 177 gigawatts over the same period. The numbers alone suggest something important is happening in Asia, and China in particular, that isn’t happening elsewhere 4 the same pace. China’s efforts aren’t just statistics about electricity 5 (generate). They point to a more intense structural difference in how 6 (country) approach the energy transition (转型). Decarbonization is not a technical fix or 7 matter of switching fuel sources. It is a revolution. It marks a departure from the fossil-fuel-based industrial system 8 has driven economic growth since the 18th century. As such, it requires long-term government planning, public investment, policies to encourage private investment, and the political will 9 (transform) the status quo (现状). China’s rapid deployment (部署) of renewable energy, on the other hand, is not 10 (primary) driven by the market. It reflects a strategic decision by the State to prioritize energy security, industrial competitiveness and climate resilience (恢复力). 4 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 词类综合+语法填空 目录 01 析·考情精解 2 02 构·知能架构 3 03 破·考点攻坚 4 考点一 形容词变副词 3 必备知识 1.直接加-ly; 2. 变y为i加-ly 3. -ic结尾直接加-ally 4. ble结尾去e加y 命题预测 继续关注副词放句首作评价状语或修饰动词、形容词、副词作程度状语 考点二 名词变形容词 9 必备知识 1.-y 2.-ed 3.-ly 4.-ful 5.-less 6.-al 7.-cial 8.-ic 9.-ble 10.-ous 11.-ant 12.-en 命题预测 继续关注形容词作定语、表语及宾语补足语的用法 考点三 动词变形容词 15 必备知识 1.-ing 2.-ed 3.-ful 4.-ble 5.-ive 命题预测 继续关注形容词作定语、表语及宾语补足语的用法 考点四 形容词变名词 20 必备知识 1.-age 2.-cy 3.-ness 4.-th 5.-ty 6.-ence 7.-dom 命题预测 继续关注名词作主语、宾语、表语的用法 考点五 动词变名词 22 必备知识 1.-er 2.-or 3.-tion 4.-sion 5.-ing 6.-al 7.-ment 8.-ance 9.-ence 10.-y 11.-ty 命题预测 继续关注名词作主语、宾语、表语的用法 命题轨迹透视 从近三年高考试题来看，试题以语法填空为主，题目难度适中。命题趋势：在语篇中考查学生对词性转换知识的掌握情况，强化语言知识的运用能力和语境理解。 考点频次总结 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 形容词变副词 2025全国一卷60，1.5分 2024九省联考卷60，1.5分 2023新课标I卷64,1.5分；2023新课标II卷63,1.5分 名词变形容词 2025全国一卷63，1.5分；2025全国二卷57，1.5分 2024新课标I卷57，1.5分 2023新课标I卷66，1.5分；2023新课标II卷67，1.5分；2023浙江1月卷61，1.5分 动词变形容词 2024新课标I卷59，1.5分 形容词变名词 2025全国二卷63，1.5分 2024新课标I卷65，1.5分；2024新课标II卷62，1.5分 动词变名词 2025全国一卷59，1.5分；2025浙江1月卷61，1.5分；2024八省联考卷65，1.5分 2024新课标II卷56，1.5分；2024全国甲卷68，1.5分；2023浙江1月卷60，1.5分 2023新课标II卷56，1.5分；2023全国甲卷69，1.5分 2026命题 预测 预计在2026年高考中，会继续侧重动词或形容词变名词的考查，兼顾对形容词变副词和名词变形容词的考查。 考点一 考查形容词加-ly变副词的用法 1. （2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 1. digitally 解析：考查副词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。 2.（2024九省联考卷）Today, a writer (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets a new one. 2.simply 解析：考查副词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格处作状语修饰动词throws，应用副词形式。故填simply。 3.（2023新课标II卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 3.Basically 解析：考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。 命题解读 新情境：考查副词放在句首作评价性状语，改变了往年修饰动词、形容词用副词的考查方式。 新考法：高考第一次考查以-ic结尾的形容词变为副词，需要加上-ally。改变了往年直接加-ly的考查方式。 新角度：副词放在句首作评价性状语。 4.（2023新课标I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time. 4.rarely 解析：考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。 5.（2023浙江1月卷）The term “hutong”, (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 5. originally 解析：考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。 6.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and ____________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. 6. eventually 解析：考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。 7.（2022新课标II卷）When he looked down, he ____________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. 7. accidentally 解析：考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。 8.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, ____________(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 8. roughly 解析：考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。 9.（2021新课标I卷）The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ____________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed! 9. undoubtedly 解析：考查副词。句意：山脚下的温泉是你登山后必须尝试的体验，它无疑能让你重新焕发活力！修饰动词help，用副词形式。 10.（2021北京卷）Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____________ (safe) wait for the police to take her home. 10. safely 解析：考查副词。句意：山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店，这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词wait用副词作状语，故填safely。 11.（2021浙江1月卷）But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed ____________ (sharp). 11.sharply 解析：考查副词。句意：但 30 年后，许多国家城乡居民的 BMI（身体质量指数）差异已大幅缩小。空处修饰谓语动词had narrowed，应用副词sharply。 12.（2021天津卷）As working from home becomes ____________(increasing) common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career. 12. increasingly 解析：考查副词。句意：随着在家工作变得越来越普遍，人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易。increasingly越来越多地，渐增地。根据后文“people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career”可知人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易，是因为在家工作变得越来越普遍，increasingly符合语境。 13.（2020全国III卷）As the small boat moved ____________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 13. gently 解析：句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。 14.（2020全国I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is ____________ (extreme) challenging. 14. extremely 解析：句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。 15.（2020全国II卷）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. ____________ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. 15. Certainly 解析：考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。 形容词+-ly后缀变副词规则 规则 示例 例外 多数形容词直接加-ly successful—successfully severe—severely extreme—extremely quick—quickly full-fully 以-y结尾变y为i加-ly happy—happily easy—easily necessary---necessarily heavy—heavily shy—shyly 以-le, -ble结尾去e加y gentle—gently possible—possibly probable—probably simple—simply true—truly whole—wholly 以-ic结尾直接加-ally basic—basically specific—specifically scientific—scientifically automatic--automatically public--publicly 以-ing结尾直接加-ly surprising-surprisingly increasing—increasingly interesting—interestingly joking—jokingly 以-ed结尾直接加-ly repeat—repeatedly hurried—hurriedly excited—excitedly expected--unexpectedly 1.形容词以字母e结尾变副词最容易 以-le, -ble结尾去e加y，如simply, reasonably；true和whole则是去e加ly；其他直接加-ly。 2.以y结尾变y为i加-ly，但是shyly例外。 3.full和public都是特殊词，副词分别是fully, publicly。 能力1 副词放在句首作评价性状语 Unexpectedly the final exam was easier than we expected. 出乎意料的是，期末考试比我们预想的简单 能力2 副词修饰动词、形容词或副词 The students listened to the lecture attentively. 学生们专心听讲座。 She is physically strong and mentally tough. 她身体强壮，意志坚定。 考向1 副词位于句首作状语 1.（2025·广东中山·二模） (evident), the cashier amazes me with his inspiration and desire to start with smaller, easily achievable goals. 【答案】Evidently 【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，这位收银员的灵感和从更小、更容易实现的目标开始的愿望让我感到惊讶。句中用副词形式作状语，修饰整个句子。首字母大写。故填Evidently。 2.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Calmly and (deliberate), she poured petrol over the car and set it alight. 【答案】deliberately 【详解】考查副词。句意：她沉着而谨慎地将汽油倒在车上，然后点燃了它。修饰动词pour用副词deliberately，故填deliberately。 考向2 副词修饰动词作程度状语 3.（25-26高二上·重庆·期中）The policy aims to ensure that all the residents are (sufficient) protected. 【答案】sufficiently 【详解】考查副词。句意：该政策旨在确保所有居民都得到充分保护。空处修饰动词protected，应使用sufficient的副词形式sufficiently作状语，意为“充分地，足够地”。故填sufficiently。 4.（25-26高二上·江苏无锡·期中）I turned left (automatic) without thinking at the crossing. 【答案】automatically 【详解】考查副词。句意：在十字路口，我不假思索地就自动左转了。此处修饰动词“turned”，需用副词作状语，“automatic”的副词形式为“automatically”，意为“自动地；不假思索地”。故填automatically。 5.（25-26高二上·北京·期中）You may (occasional) disagree with your family, but honest communication will always help address the problem. 【答案】occasionally 【详解】考查副词。句意：你可能偶尔会和家人意见不一致，但坦诚的沟通总能帮助解决问题。分析句子结构可知，空格处需用副词作状语修饰动词disagree；occasionally，意为“偶尔地”，符合语境。故填occasionally。 6.（2026高三·广东·专题练习）The Frangipani family （apparent) turned the structure into a castle. 【答案】apparently 【详解】考查副词。句意：Frangipani家族显然把这座建筑变成了一座城堡。此处作状语，修饰动词turned，故应用副词“apparently显然地”。故填apparently. 7.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammers can aim at victims_______ (precise). 【答案】precisely 【详解】考查副词。句意：利用新技术，骗子可以精确地瞄准受害者。分析句子可知，此处需要副词修饰动词短语“aim at”，precise的副词形式是 precisely，意为“精确地；准确地”。故填precisely。 8.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）She learned (excite) that with a little creativity and observation, any challenge could be overcome. 【答案】excitedly 【详解】考查副词。句意：她兴奋地发现，只要有一点创造力和观察力，任何挑战都是可以克服的。此处修饰动词learned，应用副词excitedly“兴奋地”，作状语。故填excitedly。 9.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）The woman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness, (sympathetic) jumped up. 【答案】sympathetically 【详解】考查副词。句意：坐在桌旁的那个女人见我如此失态，便满怀同情地站了起来。空处应用副词，修饰动词jumped，作状语；sympathetically为副词，表示“富有同情心地”，符合句意。故填sympathetically。 考向3 副词修饰形容词作程度状语 10.（26-27高三上·全国·课后作业）Though (initial) depressed at the terrible diagnoses, Hawking soon returned to his research. 【答案】initially 【详解】考查副词。句意：虽然一开始对这可怕的诊断感到沮丧，但霍金很快就回到了他的研究中。空处修饰形容词depressed，需用副词形式，initial的副词是initially，意为“最初，一开始”。故填initially。 考点二 考查名词加后缀变形容词的用法 1. (2025全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ___________ (strategy) placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 1. strategic 解析：考查形容词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词placement，需用形容词strategic“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic。 命题解读 新情境：以上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览为命题情境，巧妙融合了传统文化、人工智能与当代艺术，是中国传统文化中的哲思与智慧与现代科技结合的全新呈现。 新考法：此题给不少考生造成压力，既熟悉又陌生。平时需要多积累，掌握一些相对陌生的变形。 新角度：本句特别长，多达44词。同时，学生也能看出来应用形容词作定语。 2. (2025全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ___________ (center) heating doesn’t exist. 2. central 解析：考查形容词。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空修饰名词heating，应用形容词central“中央的，中心的”，作定语。故填central。 3. (2025北京卷）Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s 11 (peace), especially around sunset. 3. peaceful 解析：考查形容词。句意：这里很宁静，尤其是在日落时分。“is”后接形容词作表语，“peace”的形容词形式是“peaceful”，意为“宁静的”。故填peaceful。 4. (2024新课标I卷）The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful. 4. functional 解析：考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。 5.（2023新课标I卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 36 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 5.tasty 解析：考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。 6.（2023新课标II卷）Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 37 (confidence) speaking English. 6.confident 解析：考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。 7.（2023全国甲卷） 67 (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 7.Different 解析：考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。 8.（2023全国乙卷）The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 8.remarkable 解析：考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。 9.（2023浙江1月卷）The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens. 9. spacious 解析：考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。 10.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. 10. meaningful 解析：考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。 11.（2021新课标II卷）I told him how ____________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. 11. harmful 解析：考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。 12.（2021全国甲卷）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ____________ (day) routines. 12. daily 解析：句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。 13.（2021全国乙卷）·Provide ____________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. 13. financial 解析：句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词来修饰名词aid，finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。 14.（2020新课标卷）In the 18th and 19th centuries, ____________ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. 14. wealthy 解析：考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。 15.（2020全国II卷）Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The ____________ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 15. beautiful 解析：考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。 16.（2020北京卷）Oliver says if you're____________ (luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them if you can join in when it's possible. 16. lucky 解析：考查形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be动词，所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。 名词+后缀变形容词规则 规则 示例 -y 后缀 hunger→hungry 饿的fog→foggy 有雾的 -ed后缀 gift →gifted 有天赋的talent→talented 有天赋的 -ful后缀 meaning→meaningful 有意义的colour→colourful五彩缤纷的 -less后缀 fear→ fearless不怕的 home→ homeless无家可归的 -ble后缀 change →changeable 易变的access →accessible可接近的 -ous后缀 courage→courageous 勇敢的mystery →mysterious 神秘的 -al后缀 addition→additional 附加的class→classical 经典的 -cial后缀 office→official 官方的 benefit→beneficial有益的 -ly后缀 day →daily每日的month →monthly 每月的 -en后缀 wood→wooden木制的wool→woolen 羊毛的 -ic后缀 energy→energetic精力充沛的strategy→strategic战略的 -ant后缀 ignorance→ ignorant 无知的tolerance →tolerant容忍的 知识1 形容词作定语，放在名词前。 We enjoyed the beautiful scenery in the mountains. 我们欣赏了山中美丽的风景。 知识2 形容词作表语，放在系动词后面。 She is confident about the upcoming exam. 她对即将到来的考试充满信心。 知识3 形容词作宾语补足语，用于“动词+名词+形容词”。 They consider the plan practical. 他们认为这个计划切实可行。 1.同样是加-able后缀，有的是直接加-able，如knowledgeable,有的是去e加-able，如achievable；有的是变为ible，如accessible。 2.有的是加-cal, 如physical，有的是加-cial，如beneficial,，注意区分。 3.有的是多个形容词，需要辨析，如historic表示“有历史意义的”，historical则表示“与历史有关的”。 能力1 名词前多用形容词作定语 He gave me some practical advice on English learning. 他给了我一些关于英语学习的实用建议。 能力2 系动词后接形容词构成系表结构 After years of hard work, he became successful. 经过多年努力，他变得成功了。 1.（25-26高二上·重庆·期中）Music is a (universe) language of mankind. 【答案】universal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：音乐是一种人类的通用语言。根据空后language可知，此处需用形容词修饰名词，universe的形容词形式为universal，译为“通用的，普遍的”。故填universal。 2.（25-26高三上·陕西汉中·期中）I would like to have a chat with the (profession) lawyer about some financial issues. 【答案】professional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我想和专业的律师聊聊一些财务问题。修饰名词lawyer，用形容词professional，作定语。故填professional。 3. （25-26高二上·广东惠州·期中）Einstein left a (remark) impact not only in science but also in how we think about creativity, education, and global peace. 【答案】remarkable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：爱因斯坦不仅在科学领域产生了深远的影响，而且在我们对创造力、教育以及全球和平的思考方式方面也留下了不可磨灭的印记。空处修饰名词impact，用形容词作定语，remarkable意思为：非凡的，符合题意。故填remarkable。 4.（25-26高三上·福建泉州·期中）The new teacher’s (energy) teaching style makes the boring subject interesting. 【答案】energetic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位新老师充满活力的教学风格让枯燥的学科变得有趣。这里需用形容词修饰名词teaching style，energy的形容词形式是energetic，意为“充满活力的”，在句中作定语。故填energetic。 5.（25-26高二上·北京·期中）The key to success is finding something that you are (passion) about. 【答案】passionate 【详解】考查形容词。句意：成功的关键在于找到你热爱的事情。本空在句中作表语，用形容词形式passionate“热情的，有激情的”。be passionate about是固定搭配，意为“对……充满热情”。故填passionate。 6.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Lastly, it promotes a healthy and active lifestyle, which is (essence) for overall well-being. 【答案】essential 【详解】考查形容词。句意：最后，它倡导健康且积极的生活方式，这对于整体的身心健康至关重要。空处作表语，用形容词，essence对应的形容词为essential，意思为：至关重要的。故填essential。 7. （25-26高二上·吉林松原·期中）You can break the (convention) rules of style and create something new. 【答案】conventional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你可以打破传统的风格规则，创造一些新的东西。名词rules前用形容词修饰。convention的形容词形式为conventional，为“传统的”之意。故填conventional。 8.（25-26高二上·吉林松原·期中）The students return in September for the start of the new (academy) year. 【答案】academic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：学生们9月份返校，开始新的学年。此处修饰名词“year”，需用形容词作定语，academy的形容词形式为academic，academic year为固定搭配，意为“学年”。故填academic。 9. （25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）It’s (normal) for him to pass up the chance because he wanted it very much. 【答案】abnormal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：因为他非常想要这个机会，所以他放弃这个机会的行为是反常的。空处需用形容词作表语，根据句子后半句“因为他非常想要这个机会”可知，前半句应表达“他放弃这个机会”的行为不符合常理。normal 表示“正常的”，其否定形式abnormal“不正常的、反常的”符合语境逻辑。故填abnormal。 10.（25-26高二上·广东阳江·月考）You can always count on him because he is a (rely) friend who never breaks his promises. 【答案】reliable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你总是可以依靠他，因为他是一个可靠的朋友，从不违背承诺。修饰名词friend，用形容词reliable“可信赖的，可依靠的”。故填reliable。 考点三 考查动词变形容词的用法 1.（2024新课标I卷）In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants. 1. closed 解析：考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。 命题解读 新情境：句子有多个考向，容易迷惑考生。可以理解填写副词修饰动词，也可以理解为系表结构。 新考法：命题情境中，给出了明确的系动词stays。 新角度：考查学生在实际文章情境中的运用而不是直接孤立考查系表结构问题。 2.（2022浙江卷）Blind people recognize shapes with their ____________ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of sighted people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. 2.existing 解析：考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。故填existing。 3.（2022浙江卷）Blind people recognize shapes with their existing senses, in a way similar to that of ____________ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. 3. sighted 解析：考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people，表示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填sighted。 4.（2022新课标I卷）Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ____________ (astonish). 4. astonished 解析：考查形容词。句意：很奇怪，不是吗？但大自然就是这样 —— 总是让我们惊叹不已。此处说明“us”的状态，所以用astonished。 5.（2021新课标II卷）I was so ____________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half. 5. excited 解析：考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。 动词+后缀变形容词规则 规则 示例 -ful 后缀 forget → forgetful健忘的regret→regretful 后悔的 -ed后缀 organize → organized有组织的 unite → united 联合的 -ing后缀 thrill →thrilling令人兴奋的terrify →terrifying 令人恐惧的 -ble后缀 adjust → adjustable可调整的accept→acceptable可接受的 -ive后缀 explode→explosive易爆的protect→protective保护的 知识1 形容词化的-ing和-ed的区别需要掌握。  The result is surprising.这个结果令人惊讶。 They are surprised at the result. 他们对这个结果感到惊讶。 知识2 动词变形容词在句中作表语或定语居多。 His encouraging speech at the meeting made everyone full of confidence. 他在会上令人鼓舞的发言让每个人都充满信心。 He was embarrassed when he realized he had made a silly mistake in the public speech. 当他意识到自己在公开演讲中犯了一个愚蠢的错误时，感到很尴尬。 能力1 区分-ing和-ed类形容词的用法 The boring lecture on history lasted for two hours and made some students fall asleep. 这场无聊的历史讲座持续了两个小时，让一些学生睡着了。 能力2 判断空白处的词性和词尾变化同等重要 The tiring sports meeting made everyone exhausted. 这场令人疲惫的运动会让每个人都筋疲力尽 考向1 形容词作定语 1. （25-26高二上·广东广州·期中）The museum has designed many (interact) exhibits, allowing visitors to touch, experiment, and learn through hands-on experience. 【答案】interactive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：博物馆设计了许多互动展览，让游客通过亲身体验来触摸、实验和学习。空处作修饰exhibits的定语，结合后面的“through hands-on experience”可知，形容词interactive符合题意，意为“互动的”。故填interactive。 2.（25-26高二上·江苏·月考）The lady wore a (freeze) smile on her face when hearing this. 【答案】freezing 【详解】考查形容词。句意：听到这话，那位女士脸上露出了冰冷的笑容。修饰smile，用形容词freezing，故填freezing。 3.（25-26高二上·广东惠州·期中）The teacher praised Tom for his (persuade) speech on environmental protection, as it encouraged many classmates to start saving water and electricity. 【答案】persuasive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：老师称赞了汤姆关于环境保护的极具说服力的演讲，因为这场演讲激励了许多同学开始节约用水和用电。根据空格后的名词speech可知，空格处应该用形容词persuasive作定语，修饰后面的名词speech。故填persuasive。 4.（26-27高三上·全国·课后作业）It was 30 years before he told anyone of his (terrify) experience. 【答案】terrifying 【详解】考查形容词。句意：过了30年，他才把自己可怕的经历告诉别人。空处作修饰experience的定语，描述其性质，应用形容词terrifying，意为“可怕的，吓人的”。故填terrifying。 5.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Road networks are expanding worldwide at an (alarm) rate. 【答案】alarming 【详解】考查形容词。句意：道路网络正在以惊人的速度在全球范围内扩张。本空修饰名词rate，作前置定语，用形容词alarming“惊人的，使人惊慌的”。故填alarming。 6.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a (rely) weekly supply of fresh greens. 【答案】reliable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这一创新设计无需耗费太多精力，就能实现每周稳定可靠的新鲜绿叶蔬菜供应。修饰名词supply，需用形容词reliable“可靠的”，作定语。故填reliable。 7.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）He found doing the (repeat) routine work boring, and so he made up his mind to make a change. 【答案】repeated 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他发现做重复的日常工作很无聊，所以他下定决心要做出改变。空处修饰名词短语routine work，应用形容词形式repeated“重复的”，作前置定语。故填repeated。 8. （25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Hit the gym for a (refresh) workout or take a swim that will set you up for the day. 【答案】refreshing 【详解】考查形容词。句意：去健身房来一场提神醒脑的训练，或者游个泳，让你一整天都元气满满。空处应填入形容词作定语，修饰其后的名词workout，refresh的形容词形式为refreshing，意为“使人精力充沛的”，说明其所修饰的workout的特点。故填refreshing。 考向2 形容词作表语 9.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）The patient looked (puzzle), and then replied: “Oh this isn’t for the care I had. I take that as a given. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.” 【答案】puzzled 【详解】考查形容词。句意：病人看上去有些困惑，然后回答道：“哦，这并不是因为我之前的护理服务。我认为那是理所当然的。不，这是因为我昨天做的头发造型。”作表语，且修饰人，用形容词puzzled。故填puzzled。 10. （2025高三下·全国·专题练习）The teacher was (appreciate) of the students’ hard work on the project, praising their creativity and teamwork. 【答案】appreciative 【详解】考查形容词。句意：老师很欣赏学生们在项目上的努力，称赞他们的创造力和团队合作精神。根据“be ________ of”可知，此空应是形容词。所给词appreciate是动词，意为“欣赏，感谢”。其形容词为appreciative，在句中作表语。be appreciative of意为“对……表示欣赏/感激”。故填appreciative。 考点四 考查形容词加后缀变名词的用法 1.（2025全国二卷）The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 63 (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoonswith lots of fresh air. 1. absence 解析：考查名词。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午的天很蓝天、空气新鲜。本空作thanks to的宾语，应用名词absence“缺乏，没有”，不可数名词。故填absence。 2.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65 (rich) of gardening in England. 2. richness 解析：考查名词。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处与glory并列，应用名词形式richness，作介词of的宾语。故填richness。 3. （2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 62 (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. 3. visibility 解析：考查名词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式，visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。 命题解读 新情境：以“汤显祖和莎士比亚”为背景，增强文化互鉴，培养国际视野，爱国情怀。 新考法：考查名词作宾语的迁移能力，虽然学生认识visible，也知道able的名词是ability，这里需要具备能力迁移。 新角度：这类变形给学生既熟悉又陌生的感觉。 4.（2022全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a __________ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 4. responsibility 解析：考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。 形容词+后缀变名词规则 规则 示例 -age short→shortage 短缺 percent→percentage 百分比 -cy efficient→efficiency效率 fluent→fluency流利 accurate→accuracy准确性 private→privacy隐私 -dom free→freedom自由 wise→wisdom明智；智慧 -ence different→difference差异 evident →evidence 证据 -ness weak→weakness虚弱；弱点 thick→thickness厚度 kind→kindness仁慈，友好 careless→carelessness粗心大意 -th strong→strength力气；优势 warm→warmth温暖；热情 -y/ -ty safe→safety安全 disable→disability缺陷；伤残 responsible→responsibility责任 honest→honesty诚实 1. （2025高三下·全国·专题练习）The company upgraded its network (secure) system to prevent unauthorized access to customer data. 【答案】security 【详解】考查名词。句意：该公司升级了其网络安全系统，以防止未经授权访问客户数据。secure“安全的，可靠的”为形容词，其名词形式为security，表示“安全，保护”，在句中作定语修饰system，security system表示“安全系统”。故填security。 2.（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）Some patients in hospital experience high levels of (anxious). 【答案】anxiety 【详解】考查名词。句意：一些住院病人承受着高度的焦虑。of后接不可数名词anxiety作宾语。故填anxiety。 3.（25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）Now Tom becomes a (pessimistic), because he is never interested in new things. 【答案】pessimist 【详解】考查名词。句意：现在汤姆成了一个悲观主义者，因为他对新事物从来都不感兴趣。此处为名词作表语。根据空前的不定冠词“a”可知，应用“pessimistic”的名词单数形式“pessimist”，意为“悲观主义者”，符合“描述汤姆的性格倾向”的语境。故填pessimist。 4.（25-26高三上·福建厦门·开学考试）International agreements clearly forbid the (cruel) of making animals go through unneeded pain in beauty product labs. 【答案】cruelty 【详解】考查名词。句意：国际协议明确禁止在美容产品实验室里让动物遭受不必要痛苦的残忍行为。此处为名词作宾语，所给词cruel为形容词，其对应的名词是cruelty，意为“残忍行为”，是不可数名词，符合句意。故填cruelty。 5. （2025高三·全国·专题练习）He showed remarkable (competent) when faced with the difficult problems in tough times. 【答案】competence 【详解】考查名词。句意：在困难时期面对难题时，他表现出了非凡的能力。形容词remarkable修饰名词competence (不可数)，作宾语。故填competence。 考点五 考查动词加后缀变名词的用法 1. （2025全国一卷）“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your 59 (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 1. guidance 解析：考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。 2.（2025浙江 1月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive 61 (solve) to one-time event dressing. 2. solution 解析：考查词性转换。由空白处前a可知，空白处应填名词形式。 3.（2025八省联考卷）As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through 65 (innovate), and its inclusiveness. 3. innovation 解析：考查名词。句意：随着越来越多的外国人开始学习中文和体验中国文化，世界将更好地了解中国及其丰富的历史、勤劳的人民、通过创新实现的发展以及包容性。此处作介词through的宾语，应用名词innovation“创新”。故填innovation。 4. (2024新课标II卷） The latest 56 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. 4. engineering 解析：考查名词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。 5.（2024全国甲卷）They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 68 ( complete ) of their journey. 5. completion 解析：考查名词。句意：他们都同意了，并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。冠词修饰名词，本空应填名词作宾语，complete名词形式为completion，不可数，故填completion。 6.（2024浙江1月卷）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the __________ (criticize) that they lead to waste. 6. criticism 解析：考查名词。句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。根据“that they lead to waste”可知，此处应用名词criticism表示“批评”作宾语。故填criticism。 7. (2023新课标II卷）Since June 2017, right before the __________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 7. arrival 解析：考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。 8.（2023全国甲卷）The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Cason’s theme is a more weighty __________ (warn) about environmental destruction. 8. warning 解析：考查名词。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。 9.（2022全国甲卷）Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___________ (protect). 9. protection 解析：考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。故填protection。 10.（2022浙江 1月卷）When the answer, was no, she, declined the ___________(invite). 10. invitation 解析：考查名词。句意：当答案是否定的时候，她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语，故填invitation。 11.（2021新课标II卷）A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 11. representative 解析：考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。 12.（2021全国乙卷）It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educate about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the _____________(develop) of the local areas. 12. development 解析：考查名词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词development来做动词benefits的宾语。故填development。 13.（2021浙江卷）In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___________ (marry)ceremony in 1842. 13. marriage 解析：考查名词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前的形容词性物主代词可知，此处要用名词形式；结合设空处后的ceremony，可知此处意为“婚礼”；提示词marry意为“婚姻”，其名词形式为marriage，marriage ceremony意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。 动词+后缀变名词规则 规则 示例 -ion/ -tion/ -sion/ correct→correction改正 celebrate→celebration庆祝 conclude→conclusion结论；结束 admit→admission承认；准许加入 permit→permission允许，许可 explain→explanation解释 -er/ -or sail→sailor海员，水手 drive→driver司机；驾驶员 announce→announcer广播员 conduct→conductor指挥；售票员 -ment punish→punishment惩罚 achieve→achievement成就 argue→argument辩论；论据 treat→treatment对待；治疗 equip →equipment装备；设备 govern→government政府 -ance/ -ence appear→appearance出现；外貌 guide→guidance指引；指导 prefer→preference偏爱 refer→reference参考，查阅 -ure/ -ture fail→failure失败；倒闭 press→pressure压力 depart→departure离开；出发 mix→mixture混合物 -ing hear→hearing听力，听觉 begin→beginning开始 build→building建筑 warn→warning 警告 -y recover→recovery恢复 discover→discovery发现 能力1 有时动词变名词时，词尾要发生些许变化，如explanation，argument等。 能力2 有时动词变名词时，可能有两个，一个指人，一个指物，如participant参加者，participation参加等。 1. （25-26高二上·广东广州·期中）Doing regular exercise and listening to soft music are effective ways to alleviate____________ (anxious) before important exams. 【答案】anxiety 【详解】考查名词。句意：定期锻炼和听轻音乐是缓解重要考试前焦虑的有效方法。及物动词“alleviate”后需接名词作宾语，anxious的名词形式为anxiety，意为“焦虑”，不可数名词，符合语境。故填anxiety。2.（25-26高一上·四川成都·期中）The young designer managed to win people’s (recognize) with her creative and eco-friendly clothing collection at the fashion show. 【答案】recognition 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位年轻的设计师在时装秀上以其创意和环保的服装系列赢得了人们的认可。空处作动词win的宾语，且被名词所有格修饰，提示词的名词形式recognition“认可”符合题意，为不可数名词。故填recognition。 3.（25-26高二上·江苏·期中）During exams, any (disturb) can affect a student’s concentration and performance. 【答案】disturbance 【详解】考查名词。句意：考试期间，任何干扰都可能影响学生的注意力和考试表现。any要修饰名词，要将括号中的动词disturb变成名词disturbance。由于它是不可数名词，没有单复数的变化。故填disturbance。 4.（25-26高二上·福建漳州·期中）The teacher praised him for his working (efficient) in organizing the conference. 【答案】efficiency 【详解】考查名词。句意：老师表扬他组织会议时工作效率高。分析句子结构可知，形容词性物主代词“his”后需接名词；“efficient”的名词形式为“efficiency”，意为“效率”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填efficiency。 5.（25-26高二上·江苏·期中）The audience broke into loud (applaud) when the singer finished her touching performance. 【答案】applause 【详解】考查名词。句意：当歌手完成她动人的表演时，观众爆发出热烈的掌声。根据介词“into”可知，此空是名词作宾语。所给词applaud的名词形式为applause，意为“掌声”，是不可数名词。故填applause。 6. （25-26高三下·全国·课后作业）When he joined the club, he felt a sense of (belong). 【答案】belonging 【详解】考查名词。句意：当他加入俱乐部时，他有一种归属感。本空作介词of的宾语，用名词形式belonging“附属品，附件，属性”，a sense of belonging“归属感”。故填belonging。 7.（25-26高二上·北京·期中）How students handle their teachers’ feedback is a matter of personal____________ (prefer). 【答案】preference 【详解】考查名词。句意：学生如何处理老师的反馈是个人偏好问题。分析句子结构可知，此空需用名词作介词of的宾语；preference，表“偏好”，这里为不可数名词，符合语境。故填preference。 8.（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）Any (assist) you could give the police will be greatly appreciated. 【答案】assistance 【详解】考查词性转换。句意：您能向警方提供的任何帮助都将受到极大的感谢。所给词assist为动词，意为“帮助”，此处位于形容词any之后，作句子主语，应用其名词形式assistance，意为“帮助，援助”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填assistance。 9.（26-27高三上·全国·课后作业）The (divide) between the prosperous (繁荣的) west and the impoverished east remains. 【答案】division 【详解】考查名词。句意：繁荣的西部和贫穷的东部之间的差异依然存在。空格处用名词作主语，divide的名词是division，意为“差异”，是不可数名词，故填division。 10.（25-26高三上·全国·课后作业）This medicine is quite beneficial to his (recover) after the operation. 【答案】recovery 【详解】考查名词。句意：这种药对他手术后的康复很有益。根据空前的形容词性物主代词his可知，空处需填名词recovery，作介词to的宾语，表示“康复”，为不可数名词。故填recovery。 （25-26高三上·安徽·月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China is pushing ahead in the race to decarbonize (脱碳). In just over a decade, its solar energy capacity 1 (explode) from under 1 gigawatt in 2010 to nearly 900 gigawatts in 2024. That’s a surprising increase of nearly 900 times. By contrast, the United States, despite its vast resources and 2 (innovation) capacity, has seen far more modest growth, with solar capacity 3 (reach) 177 gigawatts over the same period. The numbers alone suggest something important is happening in Asia, and China in particular, that isn’t happening elsewhere 4 the same pace. China’s efforts aren’t just statistics about electricity 5 (generate). They point to a more intense structural difference in how 6 (country) approach the energy transition (转型). Decarbonization is not a technical fix or 7 matter of switching fuel sources. It is a revolution. It marks a departure from the fossil-fuel-based industrial system 8 has driven economic growth since the 18th century. As such, it requires long-term government planning, public investment, policies to encourage private investment, and the political will 9 (transform) the status quo (现状). China’s rapid deployment (部署) of renewable energy, on the other hand, is not 10 (primary) driven by the market. It reflects a strategic decision by the State to prioritize energy security, industrial competitiveness and climate resilience (恢复力). 【答案】 1．has exploded 2．innovative 3．reaching 4．at 5．generation 6．countries 7．a 8．that/which 9．to transform 10．primarily 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国在碳减排方面所做的贡献和取得的领先地位。 1．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：仅用十多年时间，中国的太阳能装机容量就从2010年的不足1千兆瓦飙升至2024年的近900千兆瓦。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“from under 1 gigawatt in 2010 to nearly 900 gigawatts in 2024”，强调从过去持续到现在的变化，用现在完成时，主语its solar energy capacity为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为has exploded。故填has exploded。 2．考查形容词。句意：相比之下，尽管美国资源丰富、创新能力强，但增长幅度要小得多，同期太阳能装机容量达到177千兆瓦。此处与vast并列，修饰名词capacity，用innovation的形容词形式innovative，意为“创新的”。故填innovative。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：相比之下，尽管美国资源丰富、创新能力强，但增长幅度要小得多，同期太阳能装机容量达到177千兆瓦。此处为with复合结构，solar capacity与reach为主动关系，用现在分词reaching作宾语补足语。故填reaching。 4．考查介词。句意：仅从数字上就可以看出，亚洲正在发生一件重要的事情，尤其是中国，而其他地方没有以同样的速度发生。此处为固定搭配“at the same pace”，意为“以同样的速度”，用介词at。故填at。 5．考查名词。句意：中国的努力不仅仅是电力生产的统计数据。此处作介词about的宾语，用generate的名词形式generation，意为“生产、产生”，为不可数名词。故填generation。 6．考查名词复数。句意：它们指向了各国在能源转型方式上更为显著的结构性差异。country为可数名词，结合语境表泛指“各国”，应用复数形式countries。故填countries。 7．考查冠词。句意：脱碳并非技术修复，也不是更换燃料来源那么简单。此处为固定搭配“a matter of”，意为“一件……的事情”，matter是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 8．考查定语从句。句意：它标志着脱离自18世纪以来推动经济增长的以化石燃料为基础的工业体系。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为the fossil-fuel-based industrial system，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，它需要政府的长期规划、公共投资、鼓励私人投资的政策，以及改变现状的政治意愿。此处作后置定语修饰the political will，用动词不定式to transform，表“做某事的意愿”。故填to transform。 10．考查副词。句意：另一方面，中国可再生能源的快速部署并非主要由市场驱动。此处修饰动词driven，用primary的副词形式primarily，意为“主要地”。故填primarily。 22 / 29 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $