内容正文:
高中英语必修一
Unit 6 词汇详解
1.wrap /ræp/
[词性]v./ n.(包裹物)
[构词延伸]wrapper(n.包装纸;包装材料),wrap up(包好;结束),wrap around(环绕)
[词义]v.包,裹;缠绕;n.包裹物;围巾
[例句]She used a clean cloth to wrap the fresh vegetables from the garden, preventing them from getting dirty during the trip to the market.(她用干净的布把菜园里的新鲜蔬菜包起来,避免它们在去市场的路上弄脏。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写日常生活、物品处理场景的常用词,搭配“wrap sth in sth”“wrap up”,是生活类话题的基础词汇,适合饮食、出行类场景细节描写,简单易懂。
2.sheet /ʃiːt/
[词性]n./ v.(覆盖)
[构词延伸]a sheet of(一片;一张),bed sheet(床单),sheet metal(金属板)
[词义]n.(冰或水等的)一大片;床单;纸张;v.覆盖
[例句]In winter, the lake is covered with a thick sheet of ice, and children often go skating there under adult supervision.(冬天,湖面覆盖着一层厚厚的冰,孩子们经常在大人的看护下去那里滑冰。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写自然、生活场景的常用词,搭配“a sheet of ice/water/paper”,能生动刻画“大面积覆盖”的场景,适合自然、生活类话题,增强文章画面感。
3.frost /frɒst/
[词性]n./ v.(结霜)
[构词延伸]frosty(adj.结霜的;冷淡的),frostbite(n.冻伤),heavy frost(浓霜)
[词义]n.霜;霜冻;v.结霜;受冻
[例句]The early morning frost covered the grass and crop leaves, making the whole field look like it was covered with silver powder.(清晨的霜覆盖了草地和庄稼叶子,让整片田野看起来像撒了一层银粉。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写自然、天气场景的常用词,搭配“heavy/thin frost”“covered with frost”,是季节、自然类话题的核心词汇,适合秋冬季节场景描写,增强文章画面感。
4.terrace /ˈterəs/
[词性]n./ v.(筑成梯田)
[构词延伸]terraced(adj.梯田式的;排屋的),terrace field(梯田),rooftop terrace(屋顶平台)
[词义]n.梯田;平台;阳台;v.筑成梯田
[例句]The farmers built terraces on the steep mountains to grow crops, making full use of the limited land resources in the region.(农民们在陡峭的山上开垦梯田种植庄稼,充分利用了该地区有限的土地资源。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍农业、地理)或记叙文(描写乡村、种植场景)中常用词,搭配“terrace fields”“mountain terraces”,是农业、地理类话题的专业词汇,适合乡村、环保类场景描写。
5.dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]dynastic(adj.王朝的;朝代的),the Tang Dynasty(唐朝),dynastic rule(王朝统治)
[词义]朝代;王朝
[例句]Many ancient terraces and irrigation systems built during the Ming Dynasty are still in use today, showing the wisdom of ancient Chinese agriculture.(明朝时期修建的许多古梯田和灌溉系统至今仍在使用,彰显了中国古代农业的智慧。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文(描写历史、文化场景)或说明文(介绍历史、建筑)中常用词,搭配“the + 朝代名 + Dynasty”“ancient dynasties”,是历史、文化类话题的核心词汇,适合历史建筑、文化传承类场景描写。
6.completion /kəmˈpliːʃən/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]complete(adj.完整的;v.完成),complete sth(完成某事),on completion of(在……完成后)
[词义]完成,结束;实现
[例句]On the completion of the new irrigation system, the farmers no longer worried about drought, as their crops could get enough water even in dry seasons.(新灌溉系统完工后,农民们不再担心干旱,因为即使在旱季,他们的庄稼也能获得足够的水分。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,记叙文(描写项目、任务完成)或说明文(介绍工程、计划)中核心词汇,搭配“on completion of”“the completion of sth”,比“finish”更具正式感,适合工程、任务类话题,增强文章严谨性。
7.region /ˈriːdʒən/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]regional(adj.地区的;区域的),regional culture(地域文化),mountainous region(山区)
[词义]地区,区域;行政区
[例句]The southern region of the country is famous for its fertile soil and abundant rainfall, making it an important agricultural base.(该国南部地区以肥沃的土壤和充沛的降雨闻名,是重要的农业基地。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,说明文(介绍地理、文化)或议论文(讨论区域发展)中核心词汇,搭配“regional development”“mountainous/coastal region”,比“area”更具正式感,适合地理、社会类话题,逻辑清晰。
8.therefore /ˈðeəfɔː(r)/
[词性]adv.
[构词延伸]表因果关系,同义表达“thus”“hence”,常用于句首或句中
[词义]因此,由此;所以
[例句]The soil in this region is rich in minerals and has good water retention; therefore, it is very suitable for growing wheat and corn.(该地区的土壤富含矿物质,保水性好,因此非常适合种植小麦和玉米。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(逻辑论证、因果推导)或说明文(解释原因、结果)中核心词汇,用于连接因果关系,比“so”更具正式感,是作文逻辑衔接的关键词汇,能增强文章严谨性。
9.steep /stiːp/
[词性]adj./ v.(急剧上升/下降)
[构词延伸]steeply(adv.陡峭地;急剧地),steep slope(陡坡),steep increase(急剧增加)
[词义]adj.陡的,陡峭的;急剧的;v.急剧上升;急剧下降
[例句]The path up the mountain is so steep that only experienced hikers can climb it safely, and ordinary people need to use ropes for support.(上山的小路非常陡峭,只有经验丰富的徒步旅行者才能安全攀登,普通人需要用绳子辅助。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写地理、自然场景的常用词,搭配“steep mountain/slope/path”“steep increase/decrease”,是地理、自然、经济类话题的基础词汇,适合地形、趋势描写,增强文章准确性。
10.soil /sɔɪl/
[词性]n./ v.(弄脏)
[构词延伸]soil erosion(水土流失),fertile soil(肥沃的土壤),soil quality(土壤质量)
[词义]n.土壤;土地;v.弄脏;玷污
[例句]Farmers in the region pay great attention to soil protection, using organic fertilizers instead of chemical ones to maintain soil fertility.(该地区的农民非常重视土壤保护,使用有机肥而非化肥来维持土壤肥力。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论环保、农业)或记叙文(描写种植、自然场景)中核心词汇,搭配“fertile/poor soil”“soil erosion”“protect the soil”,是环保、农业类话题的必备词,使用范围极广。
11.shallow /ˈʃæləʊ/
[词性]adj./ v.(变浅)
[构词延伸]shallowly(adv.浅地;肤浅地),shallowness(n.浅;肤浅),shallow water(浅水)
[词义]adj.浅的;肤浅的;v.变浅
[例句]The river near the village is shallow, so children can play in it safely during summer, but they need to stay away from the deep parts.(村子附近的河很浅,夏天孩子们可以安全地在里面玩耍,但要远离深水区。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写自然、生活场景的常用词,搭配“shallow water/river/soil”,既可以形容具体事物的“浅”,也可形容人的“肤浅”,适合自然、生活、人物类话题,使用灵活。
12.prevent /prɪˈvent/
[词性]v.
[构词延伸]prevention(n.预防;阻止),preventive(adj.预防的),prevent sb from doing sth(阻止某人做某事)
[词义]阻挡,防止;预防
[例句]Planting trees on the hillsides can prevent soil erosion, as the roots of the trees can hold the soil firmly.(在山坡上种树可以防止水土流失,因为树根能牢牢抓住土壤。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论环保、安全)或记叙文(描写预防、阻止场景)中核心词汇,核心搭配“prevent sb from doing sth”“prevent sth from happening”是写作中“表达预防”的必备结构,适合环保、安全类话题,逻辑清晰。
13.harmony /ˈhɑːməni/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]harmonious(adj.和谐的),in harmony with(与……和谐相处),harmony between A and B(A与B的和谐)
[词义]融洽相处,和谐;协调;融洽
[例句]Humans should live in harmony with nature, protecting wild creatures and natural resources instead of destroying them for their own interests.(人类应该与自然和谐相处,保护野生动物和自然资源,而不是为了自身利益去破坏它们。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论人与自然、人际关系)或记叙文(描写和谐场景)中核心词汇,搭配“in harmony with”“harmony between humans and nature”,是环保、社会类话题的必备词,传递正向价值观,增强文章感染力。
14.design /dɪˈzaɪn/
[词性]v./ n.
[构词延伸]designer(n.设计师),designated(adj.指定的),design sth for(为……设计某物)
[词义]v.设计;策划;n.设计;图案;方案
[例句]The engineers designed a special irrigation system for the terraced fields, which can collect rainwater and distribute it evenly to each crop.(工程师们为梯田设计了一套特殊的灌溉系统,能够收集雨水并均匀分配给每一株庄稼。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,记叙文(描写设计、创作场景)或议论文(讨论设计、规划)中核心词汇,搭配“design sth for sb/sth”“design a plan/system”,是工程、艺术、规划类话题的必备词,使用范围极广。
15.vapour /ˈveɪpə(r)/(美:vapor)
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]vapourise(v.蒸发;汽化),water vapour(水蒸气),vapour trail(蒸汽尾迹)
[词义]蒸气;水汽
[例句]When the sun shines on the wet soil, water turns into vapour and rises into the air, forming clouds eventually.(当阳光照射在湿润的土壤上时,水会变成水汽升到空中,最终形成云。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍自然现象、科学原理)或记叙文(描写天气、自然场景)中常用词,搭配“water vapour”“steam vapour”,是科学、自然类话题的基础词汇,适合科普类场景描写。
16.harm /hɑːm/
[词性]v./ n.
[构词延伸]harmful(adj.有害的),harmless(adj.无害的),do harm to(对……造成伤害)
[词义]v.伤害,损害;n.伤害;损害
[例句]Using too many chemical fertilizers can harm the soil quality, reducing its fertility and polluting underground water.(使用过多的化肥会损害土壤质量,降低其肥力并污染地下水。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论环保、健康)或记叙文(描写伤害、破坏场景)中核心词汇,搭配“do harm to sb/sth”“harm the environment/health”,比“hurt”更具正式感,适合环保、健康类话题,增强文章严谨性。
17.crop /krɒp/
[词性]n./ v.(收割;收成)
[构词延伸]crop yield(收成),cash crop(经济作物),grow crops(种植庄稼)
[词义]n.庄稼,作物;收成;v.收割;收成
[例句]The farmers are busy harvesting crops in the field, and the golden wheat and red sorghum show a bumper harvest.(农民们正在田里忙着收割庄稼,金黄的小麦和火红的高粱预示着大丰收。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,记叙文(描写农业、丰收场景)或议论文(讨论农业、粮食安全)中核心词汇,搭配“grow/harvest crops”“cash/food crops”,是农业、环保类话题的必备词,贴近乡村生活场景。
18.agriculture /ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃər/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]agricultural(adj.农业的),agriculturist(n.农学家),modern agriculture(现代农业)
[词义]农业;农学;农耕
[例句]The development of modern agriculture has greatly improved crop yields, but we should also pay attention to environmental protection to achieve sustainable development.(现代农业的发展极大地提高了农作物产量,但我们也应重视环境保护,实现可持续发展。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论农业发展、环保)或说明文(介绍农业、技术)中核心词汇,搭配“modern/traditional agriculture”“agricultural development”,是农业、社会类话题的必备词,正式感强,适合学术类写作。
19.replace /rɪˈpleɪs/
[词性]v.
[构词延伸]replacement(n.替换;替代品),replace A with B(用B替换A),replace sb as(取代某人成为)
[词义]以……替换,更换;取代;接替
[例句]To protect the environment, many farmers have replaced chemical fertilizers with organic ones, which are more beneficial to soil and crop health.(为了保护环境,许多农民已经用有机肥替换了化肥,有机肥对土壤和作物健康更有益。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论环保、替代方案)或记叙文(描写更换、替代场景)中核心词汇,核心搭配“replace A with B”是写作中“表达替代”的必备结构,适合环保、科技类话题,逻辑清晰。
20.material /məˈtɪəriəl/
[词性]n./ adj.(物质的)
[构词延伸]materialistic(adj.物质主义的),raw material(原材料),building material(建筑材料)
[词义]n.材料;原料;素材;adj.物质的;重要的
[例句]The designer chose environmentally friendly materials to make the packaging, reducing the harm to the environment.(设计师选择环保材料制作包装,减少对环境的危害。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,记叙文(描写制作、设计场景)或议论文(讨论环保、材料选择)中核心词汇,搭配“raw/building/environmental friendly materials”,是设计、环保、科技类话题的必备词,使用范围极广。
21.mineral /ˈmɪnərəl/
[词性]n./ adj.(矿物的)
[构词延伸]mineral water(矿泉水),mineral resources(矿产资源),mineral deposit(矿床)
[词义]n.矿物,矿产;矿物质;adj.矿物的;含矿物的
[例句]The soil in this area is rich in minerals such as iron and potassium, which are essential for crop growth and development.(该地区的土壤富含铁、钾等矿物质,这些都是作物生长发育所必需的。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍地理、农业、资源)或记叙文(描写自然、资源场景)中常用词,搭配“mineral resources”“mineral water”“mineral elements”,是地理、农业、环保类话题的基础词汇,适合科普类场景描写。
22.consumer /kənˈsjuːmər/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]consume(v.消耗;消费),consumption(n.消耗;消费),consumer rights(消费者权利)
[词义]消费者;用户;消耗者
[例句]As responsible consumers, we should choose products with environmentally friendly packaging to reduce plastic pollution.(作为负责任的消费者,我们应该选择环保包装的产品,减少塑料污染。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论消费、环保)或说明文(介绍市场、消费)中核心词汇,搭配“consumer rights”“environmental friendly consumers”,是环保、社会类话题的必备词,适合讨论消费与环保的关系,增强文章现实意义。
23.priority /praɪˈɒrəti/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]prioritize(v.优先处理),give priority to(优先考虑),top priority(重中之重)
[词义]优先处理的事,当务之急;优先权
[例句]For the rural area, improving the irrigation system and protecting soil quality are top priorities to develop agriculture sustainably.(对于农村地区来说,改善灌溉系统和保护土壤质量是实现农业可持续发展的当务之急。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论规划、重点)或记叙文(描写任务、目标)中核心词汇,搭配“give priority to sth”“top/high priority”,是规划、社会类话题的必备词,能明确核心重点,增强文章逻辑性。
24.beauty /ˈbjuːti/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]beautiful(adj.美丽的),beautifully(adv.美丽地),natural beauty(自然美)
[词义]美,美丽;美人;美好的事物
[例句]The natural beauty of the terraced fields is breathtaking—layers of fields wind up the mountains like green ribbons.(梯田的自然之美令人惊叹——一层层田地沿着山脉蜿蜒而上,宛如绿色的丝带。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,记叙文(描写风景、美好事物)或议论文(讨论美、审美)中核心词汇,搭配“natural/beauty of nature”“inner beauty”,是风景、情感类话题的必备词,能增强文章的感染力和文学性。
25.barrier /ˈbæriər/
[词性]n./ v.(设障阻挡)
[构词延伸]barrier-free(adj.无障碍的),trade barrier(贸易壁垒),language barrier(语言障碍)
[词义]n.障碍,壁垒;屏障;v.设障阻挡
[例句]The wide river has become a natural barrier between the two villages, but the new bridge will connect them and promote communication.(宽阔的河流成为了两个村庄之间的天然屏障,但新桥将把它们连接起来,促进交流。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论障碍、突破)或记叙文(描写阻碍、跨越场景)中核心词汇,搭配“break through a barrier”“trade/language/physical barrier”,是社会、人际、地理类话题的必备词,使用范围极广。
26.reef /riːf/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]coral reef(珊瑚礁),barrier reef(堡礁),reef ecosystem(礁生态系统)
[词义]礁;暗礁
[例句]The coral reef in the sea is home to thousands of marine organisms, and protecting it is crucial for maintaining marine ecological balance.(海里的珊瑚礁是数千种海洋生物的家园,保护它对于维持海洋生态平衡至关重要。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍海洋、生态)或记叙文(描写海洋、环保场景)中常用词,搭配“coral reef”“protect the reef”,是海洋、环保类话题的专业词汇,适合科普、环保类场景描写。
27.structure /ˈstrʌktʃə(r)/
[词性]n./ v.(构建;组织)
[构词延伸]structural(adj.结构的),structureless(adj.无结构的),social structure(社会结构)
[词义]n.结构,构造,组织;建筑物;v.构建;组织
[例句]The unique structure of the terraced fields not only adapts to the steep terrain but also helps with water conservation and soil protection.(梯田独特的结构不仅适应了陡峭的地形,还有助于节水和保土。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论结构、组织)或说明文(介绍建筑、系统)中核心词汇,搭配“social/physical/ecological structure”“structure sth carefully”,是建筑、社会、生态类话题的必备词,正式感强,逻辑严谨。
28.living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/
[词性]adj./ n.(生活;生计)
[构词延伸]living creature(生物),living standard(生活水平),make a living(谋生)
[词义]adj.活的,活着的;现存的;n.生活;生计
[例句]The rainforest is home to millions of living organisms, many of which have not been discovered by humans yet.(雨林是数百万生物的家园,其中许多尚未被人类发现。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,记叙文(描写生物、生活场景)或议论文(讨论生命、生态)中核心词汇,搭配“living creature/organism”“living standard”,比“alive”更具定语用法优势,适合生物、生态、生活类话题,使用灵活。
29.organism /ˈɔːɡənɪzəm/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]microorganism(n.微生物),living organism(生物),organismal(adj.有机体的)
[词义]生物,有机体;有机体;生物体
[例句]Each organism in the ecosystem has its own role, and the extinction of any species may disrupt the entire ecological balance.(生态系统中的每个生物都有自己的角色,任何物种的灭绝都可能破坏整个生态平衡。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍生物、生态)或议论文(讨论环保、生态)中常用词,搭配“living/microorganism”“aquatic organism”,是生物、环保类话题的专业词汇,适合科普、环保类写作,提升文章专业性。
30.observatory /əbˈzɜːvətəri/
[词性]n.(复数:observatories)
[构词延伸]observe(v.观察;遵守),observatory telescope(天文台望远镜),astronomical observatory(天文台)
[词义]天文台,观象台;观测站
[例句]Scientists at the astronomical observatory have been observing climate changes in the region for years, providing important data for agricultural planning.(天文台的科学家们多年来一直在观测该地区的气候变化,为农业规划提供重要数据。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写科研、观测场景的常用词,搭配“astronomical/meteorological observatory”,是科技、科研类话题的基础词汇,适合科研、自然类场景描写。
31.basin /ˈbeɪsən/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]river basin(流域),basin area(流域面积),washbasin(洗脸盆)
[词义]盆地,低洼地;流域;盆
[例句]The Yangtze River basin is one of the most important agricultural regions in China, with fertile soil and abundant water resources.(长江流域是中国最重要的农业区之一,土壤肥沃,水资源丰富。)
[写作使用建议]说明文(介绍地理、水利)或记叙文(描写地理、自然场景)中常用词,搭配“river/basin”“basin area”,是地理、水利类话题的核心词汇,适合地理、农业类场景描写。
32.grand /ɡrænd/
[词性]adj.
[构词延伸]grandly(adv.宏伟地),grandeur(n.宏伟;壮丽),grand scenery(壮丽的景色)
[词义]宏伟的,壮丽的;重大的;豪华的
[例句]From the top of the mountain, we can see the grand scenery of the canyon, with steep cliffs and winding rivers forming a breathtaking picture.(从山顶上,我们可以看到峡谷的壮丽景色,陡峭的悬崖和蜿蜒的河流构成了一幅令人惊叹的画面。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写风景、建筑场景的常用词,搭配“grand scenery/building/canyon”,比“magnificent”更具口语化,适合风景、建筑类话题,增强文章的感染力和画面感。
33.canyon /ˈkænjən/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]grand canyon(大峡谷),canyon landscape(峡谷景观),deep canyon(深峡谷)
[词义]峡谷;溪谷
[例句]The Colorado Grand Canyon is famous for its unique geological structure and grand scenery, attracting millions of tourists every year.(科罗拉多大峡谷以其独特的地质结构和壮丽景色闻名,每年吸引数百万游客前来观光。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写地理、旅游场景的常用词,搭配“grand/deep canyon”“canyon landscape”,是地理、旅游类话题的核心词汇,适合风景、旅行类场景描写,增强文章画面感。
34.valley /ˈvæli/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]river valley(河谷),mountain valley(山谷),green valley(绿色山谷)
[词义]谷,山谷;溪谷;流域
[例句]The small village is located in a peaceful valley surrounded by mountains, and the clear river flowing through it nourishes the crops and residents.(这个小村庄位于群山环绕的宁静山谷中,流经村庄的清澈河流滋养着庄稼和居民。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写地理、乡村场景的常用词,搭配“mountain/river valley”“green valley”,是地理、乡村类话题的核心词汇,适合自然、乡村类场景描写,增强文章的宁静感和画面感。
35.narrow /ˈnærəʊ/
[词性]adj./ v.(变窄)
[构词延伸]narrowly(adv.勉强地;狭窄地),narrowness(n.狭窄;狭隘),narrow road/river(狭窄的道路/河流)
[词义]adj.狭窄的,不宽的;狭隘的;v.变窄;缩小
[例句]The path through the mountain is narrow and winding, so hikers need to walk carefully to avoid falling off the cliff.(山间的小路狭窄而蜿蜒,徒步旅行者需要小心行走,以免掉下悬崖。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写地理、道路场景的常用词,搭配“narrow road/river/path”,既可以形容具体事物的“狭窄”,也可形容人的“狭隘”,适合地理、人物类话题,使用灵活。
36.platform /ˈplætfɔːm/
[词性]n./ v.(把……放在台上)
[构词延伸]platform shoe(厚底鞋),train platform(火车站台),observation platform(观景台)
[词义]n.高台,平台;站台;讲台;v.把……放在台上
[例句]We climbed up the observation platform on the mountain top, enjoying the panoramic view of the valley and terraced fields below.(我们登上山顶的观景台,欣赏着下方山谷和梯田的全景。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写场景、设施的常用词,搭配“observation/train/platform”“speaking platform”,是生活、旅游类话题的基础词汇,适合旅游、演讲类场景描写,简单易懂。
37.waterfall /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]a cascade of waterfall(瀑布群),scenic waterfall(风景优美的瀑布),large/small waterfall(大/小瀑布)
[词义]瀑布;瀑布群
[例句]The waterfall in the national park is over 30 meters high, and the water rushes down from the cliff, creating a spectacular scene with white spray.(国家公园里的瀑布高逾30米,水流从悬崖上倾泻而下,激起白色的水花,场面壮观。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写自然、旅游场景的常用词,搭配“scenic/spectacular waterfall”“waterfall scenery”,是自然、旅游类话题的核心词汇,适合风景、旅行类场景描写,增强文章画面感。
38.thunder /ˈθʌndər/
[词性]v./ n.
[构词延伸]thunderstorm(n.雷暴),thunderous(adj.雷鸣般的),thunder and lightning(雷鸣闪电)
[词义]v.打雷;轰隆作响;n.雷声;轰隆声
[例句]Dark clouds gathered in the sky, and soon thunder roared and lightning flashed, followed by a heavy rain that watered the dry crops.(天空中乌云密布,很快雷声隆隆、闪电划破天际,随后一场大雨滋润了干旱的庄稼。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写天气、自然场景的常用词,搭配“thunder and lightning”“roar of thunder”,是天气、自然类话题的基础词汇,适合暴雨、雷暴场景描写,增强文章的画面感和紧张感。
39.channel /ˈtʃænəl/
[词性]n./ v.(引导;输送)
[构词延伸]channelize(v.使形成渠道),sea channel(海峡),communication channel(沟通渠道)
[词义]n.海峡;渠道;频道;v.引导;输送
[例句]The English Channel separates Britain from France, and it is one of the busiest shipping channels in the world.(英吉利海峡将英国和法国分隔开来,是世界上最繁忙的航运海峡之一。)
[写作使用建议]多义词汇,记叙文描写地理、交通场景的常用词,搭配“sea/shipping channel”“communication channel”,是地理、交通、沟通类话题的基础词汇,适用场景丰富,明确语境即可准确使用。
40.tunnel /ˈtʌnəl/
[词性]n./ v.(挖隧道)
[构词延伸]tunnel through(穿过;挖隧道通过),railway tunnel(铁路隧道),mountain tunnel( mountain tunnel)
[词义]n.隧道;地道;v.挖隧道;穿过隧道
[例句]The train passed through a long mountain tunnel, and when it came out, the beautiful valley scenery came into view.(火车穿过一条长长的 mountain tunnel,出来时,美丽的山谷景色映入眼帘。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写交通、旅行场景的常用词,搭配“railway/mountain tunnel”“go through a tunnel”,是交通、旅行类话题的基础词汇,适合出行、工程类场景描写。
41.camel /ˈkæməl/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]camel milk(骆驼奶),desert camel(沙漠骆驼),one-humped camel(单峰驼)
[词义]骆驼
[例句]Camels are known as the “ships of the desert” because they can survive for a long time without water and carry heavy loads across the desert.(骆驼被称为“沙漠之舟”,因为它们能在长时间缺水的情况下生存,并能驮着重物穿越沙漠。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写动物、沙漠场景的常用词,搭配“desert camel”“ride a camel”,是动物、旅行类话题的核心词汇,适合沙漠、旅行类场景描写,增强文章的异域感。
42.desert /ˈdezət/(n.)/ dɪˈzɜːt/(v.抛弃)
[词性]n./ v.
[构词延伸]deserted(adj.荒芜的;被遗弃的),desert landscape(沙漠景观),sandy desert(沙漠)
[词义]n.沙漠,荒漠;荒原;v.抛弃;遗弃;擅离
[例句]The Gobi Desert is covered with sand and gravel, and only a few drought-resistant plants and animals can survive there.(戈壁沙漠布满了沙石,只有少数耐旱的动植物能在那里生存。)
[写作使用建议]多义词汇,记叙文描写地理、自然场景的常用词,搭配“sandy/desert”“desert landscape”,是地理、旅行类话题的核心词汇,适合沙漠、自然类场景描写,需注意词性和发音差异。
43.sail /seɪl/
[词性]v./ n.(帆;航行)
[构词延伸]sailor(n.水手),sailing boat(帆船),set sail(启航)
[词义]v.(乘船)航行;启航;n.帆;航行
[例句]They decided to sail across the sea to the nearby island, enjoying the fresh sea breeze and beautiful ocean scenery along the way.(他们决定乘船航行到附近的岛屿,沿途享受清新的海风和美丽的海景。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写旅行、航海场景的常用词,搭配“sail across the sea”“set sail”“sailing boat”,是旅行、航海类话题的核心词汇,适合出行、冒险类场景描写,增强文章的浪漫感和画面感。
44.climate /ˈklaɪmət/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]climatic(adj.气候的),climate change(气候变化),tropical climate(热带气候)
[词义]气候;气候区;风气
[例句]The tropical rainforest has a hot and humid climate, which is suitable for the growth of a variety of plants and animals.(热带雨林气候炎热潮湿,适合多种动植物生长。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论气候变化、环保)或说明文(介绍地理、气候)中核心词汇,搭配“climate change”“tropical/temperate climate”,是环保、地理类话题的必备词,使用频率极高,正式感强。
45.inside /ɪnˈsaɪd/
[词性]adv./ prep./ n.(内部)/ adj.(内部的)
[构词延伸]inside out(里外颠倒),on the inside(在内部),inside information(内部消息)
[词义]adv.在(建筑物、房间)内;在内部;prep.在……里面;n.内部;adj.内部的
[例句]When the thunderstorm came, we hurried inside the small cabin by the mountain, listening to the rain hitting the roof and feeling safe and warm.(雷雨来临时,我们急忙跑进山间的小木屋,听着雨点打在屋顶上的声音,感觉安全又温暖。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写位置、场景的常用词,搭配“go inside”“inside the room/building”,是生活、旅行类话题的基础词汇,使用灵活,适合位置、场景转换描写。
46.publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/
[词性]v.
[构词延伸]publisher(n.出版商),publication(n.出版;出版物),publish a book/report(出版书籍/发表报告)
[词义]出版;发表;公布
[例句]The scientist’s research on climate change was published in an international journal, attracting widespread attention from the academic community.(这位科学家关于气候变化的研究发表在一本国际期刊上,引起了学术界的广泛关注。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,记叙文(描写科研、写作场景)或说明文(介绍书籍、报告)中核心词汇,搭配“publish a book/report/paper”,是科研、文学类话题的必备词,正式感强,适合学术类写作。
47.green fingers 高超的种植技能
[词性]n.短语
[构词延伸]比喻“擅长园艺、种植的技能”,核心是“种植天赋或技巧”
[词义]高超的种植技能;园艺天赋
[例句]My grandmother has green fingers—every plant she grows, whether flowers or vegetables, thrives and looks healthy.(我奶奶有高超的种植技能——她种的每一种植物,无论是花还是蔬菜,都长得茂盛又健康。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写人物、生活场景的常用习语,比“be good at planting”更地道生动,适合生活、园艺类话题,增强文章的生活化气息和地道性。
48.sunflower /ˈsʌnflaʊə(r)/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]sunflower seed(葵花籽),field of sunflowers(向日葵田),golden sunflower(金色的向日葵)
[词义]向日葵;葵花
[例句]In summer, the field of sunflowers near the village blooms brightly, with golden flowers turning towards the sun, creating a beautiful and warm scene.(夏天,村子附近的向日葵田盛开,金色的花朵朝着太阳,构成了一幅美丽而温暖的景象。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写自然、生活场景的常用词,搭配“field of sunflowers”“blooming sunflower”,是自然、生活类话题的核心词汇,适合季节、风景类场景描写,增强文章的温暖感和画面感。
49.expert /ˈekspɜːt/
[词性]adj./ n.
[构词延伸]expertise(n.专业知识),expert in/at(在……方面的专家),agricultural expert(农业专家)
[词义]adj.内行的,专家的;熟练的;n.专家;能手
[例句]The agricultural expert gave a lecture to the farmers, sharing professional knowledge on soil protection and crop planting.(农业专家给农民们做了一场讲座,分享了土壤保护和作物种植的专业知识。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,记叙文(描写专业人士、指导场景)或议论文(引用专家观点)中核心词汇,搭配“expert in/at sth”“agricultural/medical expert”,是专业、科研类话题的必备词,能增强文章的权威性和说服力。
50.branch /brɑːntʃ/
[词性]n./ v.(分支;分叉)
[构词延伸]branch out(拓展业务;分叉),tree branch(树枝),branch of a company(公司分支机构)
[词义]n.树枝;分支;部门;v.分支;分叉
[例句]The little bird built its nest on a thick branch of the old tree, and the mother bird flew back and forth to feed her chicks.(小鸟在老槐树的粗树枝上筑了巢,鸟妈妈飞来飞去给雏鸟喂食。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写自然、生活场景的常用词,搭配“tree branch”“branch of a river”,既可以指具体的“树枝、分支”,也可指抽象的“部门、分支”,适合自然、生活、社会类话题,使用灵活。
51.rent /rent/
[词性]v./ n.(租金)
[构词延伸]rental(adj.租赁的;n.租金),rent sth from sb(向某人租某物),pay the rent(交租金)
[词义]v.租用,租借;出租;n.租金
[例句]They decided to rent a small house in the countryside for the summer vacation, enjoying the peaceful life and fresh air there.(他们决定在乡下租一间小房子过暑假,享受那里宁静的生活和清新的空气。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写生活、旅行场景的常用词,搭配“rent a house/car”“pay the rent”,是生活、旅行类话题的基础词汇,适合租房、出行类场景描写,简单易懂。
52.rooftop /ˈruːftɒp/
[词性]n./ adj.(屋顶的)
[构词延伸]rooftop garden(屋顶花园),rooftop terrace(屋顶平台),on the rooftop(在屋顶上)
[词义]n.屋顶;屋顶平台;adj.屋顶的
[例句]Many urban residents grow vegetables and flowers in their rooftop gardens, not only enjoying the fun of planting but also reducing food costs.(许多城市居民在屋顶花园里种蔬菜、养花,不仅享受种植的乐趣,还能降低食品开销。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写生活、城市场景的常用词,搭配“rooftop garden/terrace”,是生活、环保类话题的核心词汇,适合城市、生活类场景描写,贴近现代生活。
53.thistle /ˈθɪsəl/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]wild thistle(野生蓟),purple thistle(紫色蓟花),thistle flower(蓟花)
[词义]蓟;蓟花
[例句]A few purple thistles grow beside the path in the mountain, adding a touch of color to the green landscape.(山间的小路旁长着几株紫色的蓟花,为绿色的景致增添了一抹色彩。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写自然、植物场景的常用词,搭配“wild/purple thistle”,是自然、植物类话题的基础词汇,适合自然观察类场景描写,丰富文章细节。
54.limited /ˈlɪmɪtɪd/
[词性]adj.
[构词延伸]limit(v./ n.限制),limitless(adj.无限的),be limited to(被限制在……)
[词义]有限的;受限制的;不多的
[例句]Natural resources on Earth are limited, so we should use them wisely and develop renewable energy to protect the environment.(地球上的自然资源是有限的,因此我们应该合理利用它们,并开发可再生能源来保护环境。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论资源、环保)或记叙文(描写限制、不足场景)中核心词汇,搭配“be limited to sth”“limited resources/time”,是环保、资源类话题的必备词,逻辑清晰,针对性强。
55.benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/
[词性]n./ v.(受益)
[构词延伸]beneficial(adj.有益的),beneficially(adv.有益地),benefit from(从……受益)
[词义]n.好处,益处;利益;v.受益;有益于
[例句]Planting trees in urban areas brings many benefits—it purifies the air, reduces noise pollution, and provides shade for pedestrians.(在城市里种树有很多好处——净化空气、减少噪音污染,并为行人提供树荫。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论好处、优势)或记叙文(描写受益、益处场景)中核心词汇,搭配“benefit from sth”“bring benefits to sb/sth”,是环保、健康类话题的必备词,使用范围极广。
56.herb /hɜːb/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]herbal(adj.草本的),herb garden(草本植物园),cooking herb(烹饪用香草)
[词义](用于调味)香草;草本植物;药草
[例句]She likes to add fresh herbs such as basil and mint to her dishes, which gives the food a unique and pleasant flavour.(她喜欢在菜肴中加入罗勒、薄荷等新鲜香草,让食物具有独特而怡人的味道。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写饮食、种植场景的常用词,搭配“cooking/herb”“herb garden”,是饮食、生活类话题的基础词汇,适合饮食、园艺类场景描写,贴近日常生活。
57.pleasant /ˈplezənt/
[词性]adj.
[构词延伸]pleasantly(adv.愉快地),pleasantness(n.愉快),pleasant weather/experience(宜人的天气/愉快的经历)
[词义]令人愉快的;舒适的;和蔼可亲的
[例句]We spent a pleasant afternoon in the park, chatting with friends, enjoying the warm sunshine and fresh air.(我们在公园里度过了一个愉快的下午,和朋友们聊天,享受温暖的阳光和清新的空气。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,记叙文描写感受、场景的常用词,搭配“pleasant weather/experience/feeling”,比“happy”更侧重“外界带来的舒适愉快”,适合生活、旅行类话题,增强文章的情感色彩。
58.flavour /ˈfleɪvə/(美:flavor)
[词性]n./ v.(给……调味)
[构词延伸]flavourful(adj.美味的),flavourless(adj.无味的),sweet/savory flavour(甜/咸口味)
[词义]n.味,味道;风味;v.给……调味
[例句]The soup has a rich and pleasant flavour, thanks to the fresh herbs and slow cooking, making it a favorite among family members.(这道汤味道浓郁宜人,归功于新鲜的香草和慢炖工艺,成为了家人的最爱。)
[写作使用建议]记叙文描写饮食、味道场景的常用词,搭配“sweet/sour/savory flavour”“unique flavour”,是饮食类话题的核心词汇,适合饮食、烹饪类场景描写,增强文章的感官体验。
59.energy /ˈenədʒi/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]energetic(adj.精力充沛的),energize(v.使充满活力),renewable energy(可再生能源)
[词义]力量,活力;能量;精力
[例句]Doing exercise every morning can fill us with energy for the whole day, helping us focus better on study and work.(每天早上锻炼能让我们一整天都充满活力,帮助我们更好地专注于学习和工作。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论能源、健康)或记叙文(描写活力、能量场景)中核心词汇,搭配“renewable energy”“full of energy”,是健康、环保、生活类话题的必备词,使用范围极广。60.system /ˈsɪstəm/
[词性]n.
[构词延伸]systematic(adj.系统的),systematically(adv.系统地),ecosystem(生态系统)
[词义]系统;体系;制度;体制
[例句]The ecosystem is a complex system where all living organisms and non-living things interact with each other to maintain balance.(生态系统是一个复杂的系统,其中所有生物和非生物相互作用,以维持平衡。)
[写作使用建议]高频写作词,议论文(讨论系统、生态)或说明文(介绍体系、制度)中核心词汇,搭配“ecosystem”“education/legal system”,是生态、社会类话题的必备词,正式感强,逻辑严谨。
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