读后续写表达技巧 第8节 内疚 讲义-2026届高三英语二轮复习专项

第八节 内疚 内疚是人对一件事或某个人感到惭愧不安的心情。一个人犯错误后会内疚，错失良机后会内疚，因为能力缺失未能履行义务和责任时也会内疚。人对错误和过失进行深入的自我批评便形成自责。积极的自责既是一种对他人的道歉，也是一种自我心灵的解脱。内疚与自责有利于我们纠正错误，吸取教训，激励我们进步。 一、词汇储备 (1) 名词 guilt; conscience; mistake; fault; regret; loss; shame; self-accusation; self-blame; meditation; pity; duty; responsibility; criminality; feeling; wickedness; apology (2) 动词 blame; accuse; criticize; commit ; perform; reflect; regret; correct; comfort ; fail; () apologize; neglect; lower; relieve (3) 形容词 incompetent; unable; upset; ashamed; sorry; guilty; responsible; guiltless; sinful; mistaken; wrong; incorrect; terrible: confused (4) 副词 shamefully; remorsefully; speechlessly; guiltily; unfortunately (5) 短语 carry out; reflect on; lack of capacity; ability shortage; scarce capacity; makeup for; be ashamed of; think of; get into trouble; be burdened with 二、表达方法 我们在读后续写中可以使用直陈式表述、描述性表述、比喻性表述、夸张性表述、拟人式表述、反语式表述和混合式表述七种方式来表达内疚的心情。 1.直陈式表述 运用guilty, shameful等将内疚心理直接表述出来是一种常见的表达方式。 I'm guilty of it myself. I felt guilty about having told a lie. I feel guilty about having to tell a lie. You really want her to stay out of guilt. You must be sorry for your own indifference He had no sense of shame and never felt guilty. On hearing the bad news, she felt extremely guilty. I felt guilty about not visiting my parents more often. I felt incredibly ashamed of myself forgetting so angry. I believed Julie was totally remorseful over what she did. He seemed so ashamed that he was notable to help his five children. He was filled with remorse for having refused to visit his dying father. She felt a slight compunction about having become so wrapped up in Bette that she’d neglected Kath. 2.描述性表述 人们内疚时会低头不语，步伐缓慢；羞愧难当时会泪流满面。描述人们内疚时的表现，将角色的内疚心情间接地表达出来更有画面感。 She took off the crown with her tears rolling down. “I can’t read anything in this book,” he said with great pain. While she was saying this, tears were flowing down her cheeks. Susan sat down on the grass speechless reflecting on what she did. As she left the cottage, she walked slowly away, not singing as usual. Having heard the remark, Susan bent her head and wiped away tears. “I shouldn't have been so stupid,” she said, tears flowing down her cheeks. Quickly Susan left the other girls, went back home and apologized to her grandmother. 3.比喻性表述 在写作中我们可以用比喻来表达内疚的心情，以使句子更加形象生动。 He couldn't go any further, his stiff legs like pieces of lead-heavy wood. 4.夸张性表述 我们也可以运用想象力，将内疚想象成有形事物进行描述，并加以放大。 He felt his head heavy with guilt. He was so burdened with guilt and regret that he lowered his head. 5.拟人式表述 我们也可以将内疚想象成一个人或有生命的动物来描述它的言行，使语言更加生动。 The guilt infused his legs preventing him from walking further. 6.反语式表述 在读后续写中,我们也可以用正话反说的方式来表达内疚的心情。 If you didn't feel guilty, you wouldn't have a look of shame. His face showed guilt though he said he had done nothing wrong. 7.混合式表述 我们在更多情况下可用多种方式混合起来表达内疚。 He was weighted down with guilt. The girls looked at her with their heads down guiltily. 三、描写练习 A.根据括号里所给的词语和句后的汉语译文完成句子 1. I told Sally to fix him up with his job, but perhaps I out for her (write). 我让莎莉帮他安排工作，但也许我本该帮她写出来。 2. She left the cottage. She walked slowly away. (usual) 她离开了小屋。她慢慢地走开了，没有像往常那样唱歌。 3. I felt incredibly getting so angry. (ashamed) 我为自己这么生气感到非常羞愧。 4. I could feel the heat : did I really just do that? (rise) 我能感觉到我的脸颊发烫：我真的那么做了吗? 5. Guilt and shame flowing in her mind, she her husband in the eye, weeping in regret. (watch) 内疚和羞愧在她心中涌动，她甚至不敢看着丈夫的眼睛，悔恨地哭泣着。 B.按照括号里的要求转换句型 6. He seemed so ashamed that he was notable to help his five children. (倒装句) he was notable to help his five children. 7. Ricky regretted what he had done and realized the importance of good teamwork. (-ing 分词) Ricky regretted what he had done, 8. Ricky had regretted not being able to work with the team. (宾语从句) Ricky had regretted that . 9. Ricky tried his best to shoot but failed. Ricky was sorry for this. (定语从句) Ricky tried his best to shoot but failed. Ricky was sorry for the mistake . 10. He was burdened with guilt and regret. He lowered his head. (用结果状语从句合并) He was so burdened with guilt and regret . 参考答案： 1. should have written it 2. not singing as usual 3. ashamed of myself for 4. rising into my cheeks 5. didn't even dare to watch 6. so ashamed did he seem that 7. realizing the importance of good teamwork 8. he was not able to work with the team 9. that he made 10. that he lowered his head 四、牛刀小试 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jack had a terrible week. The last thing he wanted to do was wake up early and go to work. But that was exactly what Jack had to do. He wasn't happy at all. Sleepy and having no enthusiasm for working on a Wednesday. He left his apartment, and wormed his way into a crowded bus, taking naps. In his dream, he was lying on a river shore, unemployed, but free. The sudden sound of the bus door opening awoke him, and he noticed it was his stop; he hurriedly rolled out of the bus, coughing as exhaust poured over him. Jack’s workday began in about 30 minutes, so he decided to take a walk to work. While wandering, he ran into a couple: a young man and woman talking to each other in a foreign language. Jack decided the language they were speaking was Russian. Tourists, he thought, and they were going to pass by, but the woman asked him in broken English, “Excuse me! Could you help us please?” Her pronunciation was horrible. “Yes, how can I help you?” “We are tourists, lost. Need Dolphin Hotel. You know where it is?” “I'm sorry I don't know. I beg your pardon. I'm in a hurry,” Jack said and moved off. He wasn't in a hurry at all, and he knew where the hotel was (a couple of blocks away, actually), but he was so deep into his problems that he lied. He felt bad with guilt. After walking about 100 feet, he turned back. Luckily, the couple was still there. They looked confused. He walked up to them. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1: “I remembered where the Dolphin Hotel is. I'm sorry.” Jack said. Paragraph 2: But when he turned his back, he saw the couple was still there, and the look on their faces was the same. （一）原文思维导图 请根据原文绘制思维导图，完成后请向同桌展示，并开展自评和互评。 参考： （二）续写扩展 请完成续写。 （三）续写草稿展示 请在小组内展示你写出的内容，并相互点评。 （四）句子润色 请根据同学的评语修改你写出的内容，并对文章进行润色。 （五）范文赏析 请阅读范文，并借鉴。 One possible version: Paragraph 1: “I remembered where the Dolphin Hotel is. I'm sorry.” Jack said. “I just got confused: there are hundreds of hotels in New York. It's just a few blocks from here. You can walk there. Go straight to that crossroad, then turn right, and walk about 500 feet more. There you will see an old church. Turn to the left, cross the road, and walk down the street till you see a white-blue 5-storeyed building. That's Dolphin Hotel, “The couple thanked him, and Jack left delightedly this time. Paragraph 2: But when he turned his back, he saw the couple was still there, and the look on their faces was the same. “Maybe l was talking too quickly, or they couldn't remember everything,” he thought. All of a sudden, he decided he couldn't leave these young people behind; their English was so poor; they could possibly spend the whole day trying to get to the hotel. He walked up to them once again. They looked at him in surprise, “I could guide you to the hotel, if you still need my help,” Jack said. The man and the woman looked at each other, then at Jack, and then they smiled. 五、总结本课内容 六、复习巩固与教师评阅 1. 修改续写草稿，并进行润色，并提交给老师评阅。 2. 积累行为描写的词汇和短语。 3. 摘抄默写本节课相关表达。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $