内容正文:
专题18 主语从句
内容导航
01
命题透视·考情前瞻
对标素养,研判高考命题趋势
02
思维建模·脉络梳理
搭建知识框架,构建系统思维
03
考点精讲·靶向突破
拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式
考点一 主语从句的基本知识
知识解构 知识点1 主语从句的定义 知识点2 引导主语从句的连接词 知识点3 句型 it作形式主语的常见句型
考向破译 考向 考查主语从句的连接词
考点二 考查主语从句连接词的用法
知识解构 知识点1 连接词that的用法 知识点2 连接词whether的用法
考向破译 考向01考查that在主语从句中的用法 考向02 考查whether在主语从句中的用法
考点三 考查主语从句连接代词的用法
知识解构 知识点1 what在主语从句中的用法 知识点2 who/whom在主语从句的用法 知识点3 whose在主语从句的用法 知识点4 which在主语从句的用法 知识点5 复合连接代词
考向破译 考向01 考查连接代词what的用法 考向02 考查复合连接代词的用法 考向03 考查连接代词which和whose的用法 考向04 考查连接代词who/whom的用法
考点四 考查连接副词的用法
知识解构 知识点 连接副词when, where, how, why,whenever, however, wherever等
考向破译 考向 考查主语从句中连接副词的用法
考点五 考查含有形式主语it的主语从句的用法
知识解构 知识点1 It+is+形容词+that… 知识点2 It+is+名词+that… 知识点3 It+is+动词过去分词+that… 知识点4 It+特殊动词+that… 知识点5 It+使令性动词+sb.+that...
考向破译 考向 考查形式主语it的主语从句
考点六 主语从句中的主谓一致、语序及时态问题
知识解构 知识点1 从句作主语时,主句的谓语一般用单数形式 知识点2 如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用复数;由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时,谓语动词用单数 知识点3 主语从句的语序 知识点4 主语从句的时态需根据具体语境判断
考向破译 考向 考查主语从句中的主谓一致
考点七 主语从句的虚拟语气
知识解构 知识点1 It is +形容词+ that从句,从句谓语动词用 “should + 动词原形” 知识点2 It is +过去分词+ that 从句,从句谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”
考向破译 考向 考查主语从句的虚拟语气
考点八 主语从句的易错点
知识解构 知识点1 that vs whether 知识点2 what vs that 知识点3 whether vs if 知识点4 连接代词 vs 连接副词
考向破译 考向 考查主语从句中的易错连接词
考点九 主语从句的思维建模
04
真题溯源·考向感知
溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向
命题透视·考情前瞻
核心考点
2026年
2025年
2024年
主语从句
(2024新课标I卷)what
宾语从句
(2024·全国甲卷)what
表语从句
(2024浙江1月卷)what
同位语从句
(2025北京卷)what
考情分析
题型与考向:从近三年高考试题来看,试题主要以语法填空的形式命题,题目中等,以考查学生对基本句法知识和技能的掌握情况,强化语言运用能力和语境理解。名词性从句更以隐性考查广泛存在于阅读理解长难句和应用文写作中。主语从句是高考中的轮考点。
语法填空:有些年份的选材涉及主语从句的相关知识,考生要根据主语从句的句法知识和句子结构分析能力填出正确的连接词。
应用文写作:根据文章的提示,在恰当的时候,准确写出主语从句以表达自己的思想和观点。
读后续写:准确使用主语从句表达自己的观点和情感。
复习目标
1. 熟悉掌握主语从句的基本用法。
2. 重点掌握易混易错的连接词:that和whether,that和what,whether和if。
3. 熟悉掌握形式主语it的4种主语从句常用句型。
4. 熟悉主语从句的主谓一致、时态和语序规则。
——对标素养,研判高考命题趋势
思维建模·脉络梳理
——搭建知识框架,构建系统思维
考点精讲·靶向突破
——拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式
考点一 主语从句的基本知识
知●识●解●构
知识点1 主语从句的定义:在复合句中充当主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常放在主句谓语动词之前,但有时为了避免句子头重脚轻,也可用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句放在句末。
知识点2 引导主语从句的连接词:状语从句给句子提供了更具体的背景或情景信息,使句子表达更加精确、丰富。
①从属连词:that, whether 。that无词义,在从句中不充当任何成分,但引导主语从句时一般不能省略;whether意为“是否” ,在从句中也不充当成分,但不能用if替换(if引导主语从句时,只能用it作形式主语) 。
②连接代词:who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever, what, whatever 。这些连接代词在主语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。
③连接副词:when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 。它们在主语从句中作状语,表示时间、地点、原因、方式等。
知识点3 句型:it作形式主语的常见句型
考●向●破●译
考向 考查主语从句的连接词
1. we will hold the sports meeting depends on the weather.
2.Exactly the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.
3.It remains to be seen this plan is practical enough to keep the project going.
4.But in this experiment they’re doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.
5. we learn from mistakes is the key to making constant progress.
6.Though we have only 3 flavors of ice cream, flavor she is fond of will be our gift for her.
考点二 考查主语从句连接词的用法(高考高频考点)
知●识●解●构
知识点1 连接词that的用法
核心功能:无实际含义,只起连接作用,不充当从句任何成分;引导的主语从句语义完整,无需补充信息。
关键注意点:位于句首时,that不可省略(易错点);位于it作形式主语的句末时,that可省略(常用形式);
主句谓语动词用单数。
1.It turned out years of jogging had a far-reaching influence on his fitness.
2.Just as I was going downstairs, it struck me I had left the door unlocked.
3. she passed the exam with flying colors surprised everyone in the class.
4.Now it occurred to him his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.
5.It’s expected the company will hold more workshops to boost employees’ confidence.
6.It is important we should pay attention to details in our work.
①that引导主语从句位于句首时,本身无意义,但是不可省略。
②that从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语,常见的句型有:
1)It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句。
2)It+be+名词词组(no wonder,an honor,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,etc.)+that从句。
3)It+ be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句。
知识点2 连接词whether的用法
核心功能:①有实际含义“是否”,②起连接作用,③不充当从句成分;④引导的主语从句语义不完整,存在“是/否”的选择。
关键注意点:可位于句首,也可用于it作形式主语的结构中;不可与if互换(易错点:if不能引导位于句首的主语从句,也不能引导it作形式主语、后面有or not的主语从句);常与or not连用(whether...or not),此时or not可放在whether之后或从句末尾。
1.My dad read a brochure about holidaying in the countryside, so he decided to call and see we could book a farmhouse.
2. we can go on the trip depends on the weather this weekend.
3. he will go to attend the meeting himself or he will send his son to hasn’t been decided.
4.What I want to know is or not you have lost faith in me.
1.whether和if在宾语从句中经常可以互换,但下列情况常用whether,不用if。
①与or或or not连用时只能用whether
②从句作介词宾语时只能用whether
2.在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时一般用whether不用if。
3. 后接不定式时,只用whether。
Whether to take the job offer is up to you.是否接受这份工作由你决定。
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查that在主语从句中的用法
1. she managed to complete the marathon despite her recent injury was a testament to her extraordinary determination and physical stamina.
2.It never occurred to me you could pass the driving test at the first attempt.
3.It happened I was standing right next to the stage when the performance began.
4.It's obvious some people pretend to understand just to avoid embarrassment.
考向二 考查whether在主语从句中的用法
1.It remains to be seen recorded video courses can meet the demands of students of different levels or not.
2. we invest in renewable energy now or continue to rely on fossil fuels will profoundly impact the environmental and economic landscape for generations to come.
3. we can protect the ancient cultural relics well or not depends on the joint efforts of the whole society.
考点三 考查主语从句连接代词的用法(高考高频考点)
知●识●解●构
知识点1 what在主语从句中的用法
含义:“……的事情”“……的东西”“……的内容”,在从句中常作主语、宾语、表语,指代事物。
1. made me realize the significance of these buildings was the knowledge I learned about ancient Chinese architecture in university.
2. he said at the meeting left a deep impression on everyone present.
知识点2 who/whom在主语从句的用法
含义:who“谁”(指人),在从句中作主语;whom“谁”(指人),在从句中作宾语(口语中可被who替代)。
1. will take over the company has not been decided yet.
2. the teacher will praise depends on their class performance.
知识点3 whose在主语从句的用法
含义:“……的”,表所属关系,在从句中作定语,后接名词,可指代人或物。
notebook was left on the desk is a question for the monitor.
whose表所属关系,可以指物,也可以指人,由于学生的思维定势,往往习惯指人,忽视指物的用法。
知识点4 which在主语从句的用法
含义:“哪一个”,表选择,在从句中作主语、宾语、定语,指代人或物(有明确的选择范围)。
team will win the game is a matter of public concern.
知识点5 复合连接代词(whoever/whatever/whichever)
含义:“无论谁”“无论什么”“无论哪一个”,表让步,在从句中作主语、宾语、定语,语气比普通连接代词更强。
1. helps others sincerely will get respect in return.
表示“无论谁”用whoever,首字母大写。
2. we do should be good for the coexistence of humans and nature.
3. book you choose is fine with me.
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查连接代词what的用法(高频考点)
1. started as a difficult challenge has turned out to be a valuable experience for all the team members.
2.After the fire, would otherwise be a cultural center is now reduced to a pile of ashes.
3. was once a getaway particularly for retirees is even becoming a desirable way for young citizens to escape the busy urban life.
4. traditional Chinese calligraphy reflects is celebrated not just as an art form but as a philosophical practice rooted in millennia-old (有千年历史的) spiritual traditions — the artist’s inner harmony with nature.
5.It is still unknown will happen to Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua as they grow up.
6.At that moment, I witnessed was the beautiful way a mother’s love could ripple out into the world.
考向二 考查复合连接代词的用法。
1. is willing to take responsibility and lead the team through this challenging project will earn great respect from all of us.
2.___________ is worth doing at all is worth doing well.
考向三 考查连接代词which和whose的用法。
1. book is more interesting has been discussed in our reading group.
2. option is more suitable for our project needs further discussion.
3._________speech is the most popular depends on the reaction from the audience.
考向四 考查连接代词who/whom的用法。
1. will win the English speech contest is still unknown.
2.________ we should ask for help is a problem.
考点四 考查连接副词的用法
知●识●解●构
知识点 连接副词when, where, how, why,whenever, however, wherever等在从句中充当时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原因状语 起连接作用,提示从句开始。有词汇意义,不能省略。
含义:when“什么时候”(时间状语)、where“在哪里”(地点状语)、why“为什么”(原因状语)、
how“如何,怎样”,在从句中作方式状语,也可表示“多么”(修饰形容词/副词,表程度)。
1.It is a mystery he suddenly disappeared without any notice.
2. early buses leave the station largely depends on passenger demands.
3. we can find the best local snacks is a secret my grandma told me.
4. he presents his ideas is very persuasive and impressive.
考●向●破●译
考向 考查主语从句中连接副词的用法
1.Sometimes, we show our gratitude to a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her.
2. he rode across the finish line in the cycling race was captured by the photographer.
3. she lives is still a secret.
考点五 考查含有形式主语it的主语从句的用法
知●识●解●构
知识点1 It+is+形容词+that…:常见的形容词有known, clear, necessary, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, certain, obvious, strange, natural等。
That the earth turns around the sun is known to us all.
→It is known to us all that the earth turns around the sun.地球绕着太阳转这一点是众所周知的。
Whether he will come or not is not clear.
→It is not clear whether /if he will come or not. 他是否要来还不清楚。
知识点2 It+is+名词+that…:常见的名词有a pity, a shame, a fact, an honour, a mystery, a wonder, no wonder, good news, common knowledge等。
It is a pity that he didn’t pass the exam. 他没有通过考试真遗憾。
It is a wonder that he survived the crash. 他从坠机事件中幸存下来真是个奇迹。
It is no wonder that he has achieved so much success. 难怪他取得如此大的成功。
知识点3 It+is+动词过去分词+that…:常见的过去分词有said, believed, reported, pointed out, hoped, thought, decided, ordered等。
It is said that he is a famous writer. 据说他是位著名的作家。
It is reported that there will be a storm this afternoon. 据报道今天下午有暴风雨。
知识点4 It+特殊动词+that…:常见的特殊动词有seem, appear, happen, matter, turn out, occur to, make a difference等。
It seems that it is going to rain. 天看起来要下雨了。
It happened that I didn’t take any money with me. 碰巧我身上没带钱。
It occurred to me that I didn’t close the window. 我突然想起我没有关窗户。
知识点5 It+使令性动词+sb.+that...:常见的动词有worry, shock, surprise, satisfy, upset等。
It upset him a lot that he was fired. 他被解雇了使他很难过。
It surprised me that she brought up three children on her own.她独自抚养三个孩子使我感到吃惊。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查形式主语it的主语从句
1.It is widely recognised calligraphy is an important part of traditional Chinese culture.
2.It is surprising electronics has rapidly developed in these years.
3.It is obvious to the students they make good preparation for the coming examinations.
4.It remains to be seen the new regulations will lead to better compliance among all employees.
考点六 主语从句中的主谓一致、语序及时态问题
知●识●解●构
知识点1 从句作主语时,主句的谓语一般用单数形式。
what引导主语从句时,有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。
知识点2 如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用复数;由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时,谓语动词用单数。
情况
谓语动词
示例
单个从句作主语
一般用单数
That he is honest is known to all.
what 引导的从句,表语为单数
单数
What he needs is a good rest.
what 引导的从句,表语为复数
复数
What we need are good books.
两个以上由 and 连接的从句
复数
When they will start and where they will go have not been decided.
由多个连接词 + 主语 + 谓语的单一从句
单数
When and where the meeting will be held has not been decided.
注意:what 引导的主语从句,谓语动词的单复数通常由表语的数决定。这是高考高频考点。
What he wants is a new car.(表语 a new car 单数)
What he wants are new cars.(表语 new cars 复数)
知识点3 主语从句的语序:主语从句用陈述句语序。
知识点4 主语从句的时态需根据具体语境判断。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查主语从句中的主谓一致
1.(2026·河北省张家口市第一中学高三期中)What is inspiring _______(be)that some people are working on changing this situation now with the help of technology and introducing this instrument to more people.
2.What the Grade Three students in the mountain area need_______(be)books.
考点七 主语从句的虚拟语气
知●识●解●构
知识点1 It is +形容词+ that从句,从句谓语动词用 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略。常见形容词:necessary, important, essential, urgent, advisable, natural, strange 等。
It is necessary that we (should) protect the environment. 我们有必要保护环境。
It is strange that he (should) refuse the invitation. 他竟然拒绝邀请,真奇怪。
知识点2 It is +过去分词+ that 从句,从句谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”,should可省略。常见过去分词:suggested, recommended, required, demanded, ordered, proposed等。
It was suggested that the meeting (should) be postponed. 有人建议会议延期。
The leader urged that all members (should) attend the meeting. 领导力劝所有成员参加会议。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查主语从句的虚拟语气
1. It is requested that some measures ___________ (take) to stop “white pollution”.
2. As a parent, it is vital that you ___________ (teach) your child the value of money.
3. It is highly recommended that this book ___________ (revise) before getting published.
考点八 主语从句的易错点
知●识●解●构
知识点1 that vs whether(高频考点)
看从句语义:语义完整(无“是否”含义)→ 用that;语义不完整(有“是否”选择)→ 用whether;
看位置:从句位于句首,表“是否”→ 用whether,不可用if;从句位于it作形式主语后,表“是否”→ 可用whether或if(但有or not时只能用whether);
特殊注意:that引导的主语从句,主句谓语用单数;whether引导的主语从句,主句谓语也用单数。
例句对比:
That he succeeded is beyond our expectation.(语义完整,用that)
Whether he succeeded is beyond our expectation.(语义不完整,表“是否成功”,用whether)
知识点2 what vs that(高频考点)
that:无含义,不充当从句成分,只起连接作用,从句语义完整;
what:有含义(“……的事情/东西”),在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语,从句语义不完整(缺成分)。
例句对比(易错警示):
That he said at the meeting is important.(错误:从句缺宾语,that不能充当宾语)
What he said at the meeting is important.(正确:what在从句中作宾语,指代“他说的话”)
That he spoke at the meeting is important.(正确:从句“he spoke at the meeting”语义完整,that只起连接作用)
知识点3 whether vs if(主语从句中)
主语从句中,whether和if的区别:
主语从句位于句首时,只能用whether,不能用if;
主语从句后接or not时,只能用whether,不能用if;
例句对比:
Whether he will come or not is unknown.(正确:后接or not,用whether)
If he will come or not is unknown.(错误:后接or not,不能用if)
It is unknown whether/if he will come.(正确:it作形式主语,无or not,可用if)
知识点4 连接代词 vs 连接副词
解题依据:从句缺主语、宾语、表语、定语 → 用连接代词;从句缺时间、地点、原因、方式状语 → 用连接副词。
例句对比:
How we will get there is a problem.(从句“we will get there”缺方式状语 → 用how,连接副词)
What we will take there is a problem.(从句“we will take there”缺宾语 → 用what,连接代词)
When we will get there is a problem.(从句缺时间状语 → 用when,连接副词)
考●向●破●译
考向 考查主语从句中的易错连接词
1. we value traditional culture or ignore it will shape our cultural identity in the long run.
2. makes us truly happy is not wealth, but a meaningful life full of love and hope.
3. your professor expects from this assignment is not perfection, but evidence that you truly engaged with the material.
4. he quit his high-paying job is not difficult to understand. He wanted to start up his own business.
5. our country was founded is a day we all should keep in mind.
考点九 主语从句的思维建模
思维建模
✅ 技巧1:判断是否为主语从句:看从句是否充当主句的主语(位于主句开头,或前面有it作形式主语);
✅ 技巧2:分析主语从句成分:看从句中缺少什么成分(主语、宾语、表语、定语 → 连接代词;状语 → 连接副词;不缺成分 → 连接词that/whether);
✅ 技巧3:结合句意选择引导词:根据从句语义(是否表“是否”、是否表“无论……”、是否有选择范围),匹配对应的引导词。
真题溯源·考向感知
——溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向
单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.(2021全国I卷)_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
2.(2020·江苏卷改编)It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
3. is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.
4. Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some say it was a different place.
5. we release that inner power for success is what we need to learn.
6.It’s true inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn’t be completely overlooked.
7. the lifestyle is slower and healthier is the reason why some people prefer to live in the country rather than in the city.
8. he will go to attend the meeting himself or he will send his son to hasn’t been decided.
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专题18 主语从句
内容导航
01
命题透视·考情前瞻
对标素养,研判高考命题趋势
02
思维建模·脉络梳理
搭建知识框架,构建系统思维
03
考点精讲·靶向突破
拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式
考点一 主语从句的基本知识
知识解构 知识点1 主语从句的定义 知识点2 引导主语从句的连接词 知识点3 句型 it作形式主语的常见句型
考向破译 考向 考查主语从句的连接词
考点二 考查主语从句连接词的用法
知识解构 知识点1 连接词that的用法 知识点2 连接词whether的用法
考向破译 考向01考查that在主语从句中的用法 考向02 考查whether在主语从句中的用法
考点三 考查主语从句连接代词的用法
知识解构 知识点1 what在主语从句中的用法 知识点2 who/whom在主语从句的用法 知识点3 whose在主语从句的用法 知识点4 which在主语从句的用法 知识点5 复合连接代词
考向破译 考向01 考查连接代词what的用法 考向02 考查复合连接代词的用法 考向03 考查连接代词which和whose的用法 考向04 考查连接代词who/whom的用法
考点四 考查连接副词的用法
知识解构 知识点 连接副词when, where, how, why,whenever, however, wherever等
考向破译 考向 考查主语从句中连接副词的用法
考点五 考查含有形式主语it的主语从句的用法
知识解构 知识点1 It+is+形容词+that… 知识点2 It+is+名词+that… 知识点3 It+is+动词过去分词+that… 知识点4 It+特殊动词+that… 知识点5 It+使令性动词+sb.+that...
考向破译 考向 考查形式主语it的主语从句
考点六 主语从句中的主谓一致、语序及时态问题
知识解构 知识点1 从句作主语时,主句的谓语一般用单数形式 知识点2 如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用复数;由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时,谓语动词用单数 知识点3 主语从句的语序 知识点4 主语从句的时态需根据具体语境判断
考向破译 考向 考查主语从句中的主谓一致
考点七 主语从句的虚拟语气
知识解构 知识点1 It is +形容词+ that从句,从句谓语动词用 “should + 动词原形” 知识点2 It is +过去分词+ that 从句,从句谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”
考向破译 考向 考查主语从句的虚拟语气
考点八 主语从句的易错点
知识解构 知识点1 that vs whether 知识点2 what vs that 知识点3 whether vs if 知识点4 连接代词 vs 连接副词
考向破译 考向 考查主语从句中的易错连接词
考点九 主语从句的思维建模
04
真题溯源·考向感知
溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向
命题透视·考情前瞻
核心考点
2026年
2025年
2024年
主语从句
(2024新课标I卷)what
宾语从句
(2024·全国甲卷)what
表语从句
(2024浙江1月卷)what
同位语从句
(2025北京卷)what
考情分析
题型与考向:从近三年高考试题来看,试题主要以语法填空的形式命题,题目中等,以考查学生对基本句法知识和技能的掌握情况,强化语言运用能力和语境理解。名词性从句更以隐性考查广泛存在于阅读理解长难句和应用文写作中。主语从句是高考中的轮考点。
语法填空:有些年份的选材涉及主语从句的相关知识,考生要根据主语从句的句法知识和句子结构分析能力填出正确的连接词。
应用文写作:根据文章的提示,在恰当的时候,准确写出主语从句以表达自己的思想和观点。
读后续写:准确使用主语从句表达自己的观点和情感。
复习目标
1. 熟悉掌握主语从句的基本用法。
2. 重点掌握易混易错的连接词:that和whether,that和what,whether和if。
3. 熟悉掌握形式主语it的4种主语从句常用句型。
4. 熟悉主语从句的主谓一致、时态和语序规则。
——对标素养,研判高考命题趋势
思维建模·脉络梳理
——搭建知识框架,构建系统思维
考点精讲·靶向突破
——拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式
考点一 主语从句的基本知识
知●识●解●构
知识点1 主语从句的定义:在复合句中充当主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常放在主句谓语动词之前,但有时为了避免句子头重脚轻,也可用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句放在句末。
知识点2 引导主语从句的连接词:状语从句给句子提供了更具体的背景或情景信息,使句子表达更加精确、丰富。
①从属连词:that, whether 。that无词义,在从句中不充当任何成分,但引导主语从句时一般不能省略;whether意为“是否” ,在从句中也不充当成分,但不能用if替换(if引导主语从句时,只能用it作形式主语) 。
②连接代词:who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever, what, whatever 。这些连接代词在主语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。
③连接副词:when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 。它们在主语从句中作状语,表示时间、地点、原因、方式等。
知识点3 句型:it作形式主语的常见句型
考●向●破●译
考向 考查主语从句的连接词
1. we will hold the sports meeting depends on the weather.
【答案】Whether
【解析】句意:我们是否举办运动会取决于天气。结合句意“我们是否举办运动会取决于天气”,此处表“是否”的含义,且引导词需放在句首引导主语从句,if不能位于句首引导主语从句,句首首字母应大写,因此填Whether。
2.Exactly the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.
【答案】when
【解析】句意:土豆具体是何时传入欧洲的尚不明确,但大概是1565年前后。空格处引导主语从句,结合后文“it was probably around 1565”可知,此处询问土豆被引入欧洲的时间,连接词在从句中作时间状语,因此填连接副词when。
3.It remains to be seen this plan is practical enough to keep the project going.
【答案】whether
【解析】句意:这个方案是否足够可行以推进项目,还有待观察。句中It是形式主语,空后是真正的主语从句,remains to be seen意为“有待观察、拭目以待”,暗含疑问含义“是否”,用whether引导。
4.But in this experiment they’re doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.
【答案】what
【解析】句意:但在这个实验中,他们所做的就是更关注大数而非小数。空处引导主语从句,从句中动词doing缺少宾语,指代“所做的事情”,因此填连接代词what。
5. we learn from mistakes is the key to making constant progress.
【答案】That
【解析】句意:我们从错误中学习,是不断取得进步的关键。此处考查主语从句,从句中不缺成分,含义完整,应用从属连词that,且不可省略。
6.Though we have only 3 flavors of ice cream, flavor she is fond of will be our gift for her.
【答案】whichever
【解析】句意:虽然我们只有三种口味的冰淇淋,但她喜欢的任何一种口味都会成为我们送给她的礼物。引导主语从句,表示“无论哪一个”用whichever。
考点二 考查主语从句连接词的用法(高考高频考点)
知●识●解●构
知识点1 连接词that的用法
核心功能:无实际含义,只起连接作用,不充当从句任何成分;引导的主语从句语义完整,无需补充信息。
关键注意点:位于句首时,that不可省略(易错点);位于it作形式主语的句末时,that可省略(常用形式);
主句谓语动词用单数。
1.It turned out years of jogging had a far-reaching influence on his fitness.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:结果证明,多年的慢跑对他的健康状况产生了深远的影响。分析句子结构可知,这里考查It turned out that...,是固定句型,其中it为形式主语,真正的主语是后面由that引导的主语从句,that在从句中不充当句子成分,仅起连接作用,不能省略。故填that。
2.Just as I was going downstairs, it struck me I had left the door unlocked.
【答案】that
【解析】考查固定句型。句意:就在我下楼的时候,我突然想起我忘记锁门。it struck me that“我突然想到”,固定句型,it是形式主语,that引导的主语从句是真正的主语,故填that。
3. she passed the exam with flying colors surprised everyone in the class.
【答案】That
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:她以优异的成绩通过了考试,使班上的每个人都感到惊讶。“she passed the exam with flying colors”是主语从句,从句中不缺成分,且句子意思完整,因此用that引导主语从句,位于句首,首字母大写,故填That。
4.Now it occurred to him his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:现在他突然想到,他的农场有很大的潜力,而那头牛的死也算是一种幸运。“It occurred to sb. that...”是固定句型,意为“某人突然想到……”,其中“it”是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的从句,本句中“that his farm had much potential”和“that the death of the cow was a bit of luck”是两个并列的主语从句,由“and”连接。故填that。
5.It’s expected the company will hold more workshops to boost employees’ confidence.
【答案】that
【解析】句意:预计该公司将会举办更多的研讨会,以增强员工的信心。句子中It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的主语从句“ the company will hold more workshops to boost employees’ confidence”。由于主语从句本身是一个完整的陈述句,不缺少任何成分,且意义完整,所以用从属连词that来引导,它在从句中不充当任何语法成分,只起到连接作用。
6.It is important we should pay attention to details in our work.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们在工作中注重细节是非常重要的。it作形式主语,此空引导名词性从句作真正主语,从句结构、句意完整,用连接词that引导;“It is important that ...”为固定句型。故填that。
①that引导主语从句位于句首时,本身无意义,但是不可省略。
②that从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语,常见的句型有:
1)It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句。
2)It+be+名词词组(no wonder,an honor,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,etc.)+that从句。
3)It+ be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句。
知识点2 连接词whether的用法
核心功能:①有实际含义“是否”,②起连接作用,③不充当从句成分;④引导的主语从句语义不完整,存在“是/否”的选择。
关键注意点:可位于句首,也可用于it作形式主语的结构中;不可与if互换(易错点:if不能引导位于句首的主语从句,也不能引导it作形式主语、后面有or not的主语从句);常与or not连用(whether...or not),此时or not可放在whether之后或从句末尾。
1.My dad read a brochure about holidaying in the countryside, so he decided to call and see we could book a farmhouse.
【答案】if/whether
【解析】考查连词。句意:我爸爸读了一本关于在乡村度假的宣传册,所以他决定打电话问问我们是否可以预订一个农舍。此处为连词引导的宾语从句,作see的宾语,从句中不缺少成分,结合语意,此处表达“是否”的含义,应用连词if或whether引导该宾语从句。故填if/whether。
2. we can go on the trip depends on the weather this weekend.
【答案】Whether
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们是否能去旅行取决于这个周末的天气。空格处引导的是主语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,由depends on the weather可知,句子表示“我们是否能去旅行取决于这个周末的天气”,空格处意为“是否”,用whether引导主语从句,位于句首的单词首字母大写,故填Whether。
3. he will go to attend the meeting himself or he will send his son to hasn’t been decided.
【答案】Whether
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:他是亲自去参加会议还是派他儿子去参加会议还没有决定。空格处引导的是主语从句,由后面的or可知,这里表示一种选择,所以用whether引导。whether和or连用表示“是……还是……”,位于句首的单词首字母大写。故填Whether。
4.What I want to know is or not you have lost faith in me.
【答案】whether
【解析】考查表语从句。句意:我想知道的是你是否对我失去信心。whether引导名词性从句,常与or not搭配,表示“是否”,本句中引导表语从句,故填whether。
1.whether和if在宾语从句中经常可以互换,但下列情况常用whether,不用if。
①与or或or not连用时只能用whether
②从句作介词宾语时只能用whether
2.在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时一般用whether不用if。
3. 后接不定式时,只用whether。
Whether to take the job offer is up to you.是否接受这份工作由你决定。
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查that在主语从句中的用法
1. she managed to complete the marathon despite her recent injury was a testament to her extraordinary determination and physical stamina.
【答案】That
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:尽管她近期受了伤,但她还是成功完成了马拉松比赛,这充分证明了她非凡的毅力和强大的体能。空格处引导的是主语从句,从句中不缺成分,且句子意思完整,因此用that引导,位于句首,首字母大写,故填That。
2.It never occurred to me you could pass the driving test at the first attempt.
【答案】that
【解析】考查固定句型和主语从句。句意:我从未想过你第一次尝试就能通过驾驶考试。“It occurred to sb. that...”为固定句型,意为“某人突然想到……”,其中it为形式主语,真正的主语为that引导的从句。故填that。
3.It happened I was standing right next to the stage when the performance began.
【答案】that
【解析】句意:演出开始时,我碰巧就站在舞台旁边。解析:句子中文释义为演出开始的时候,碰巧我就站在舞台边上。It happened that...是固定句型,其中it作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句,that在从句中不充当成分,无实际意义,但不能省略。
4.It's obvious some people pretend to understand just to avoid embarrassment.
【答案】that
【解析】句意:很明显,有些人假装理解只是为了避免尴尬。It’s obvious that...是常用句式,it为形式主语,真正的主语是that some people pretend to understand just to avoid embarrassment这个从句,that在从句中不充当任何成分,只起连接作用。
考向二 考查whether在主语从句中的用法
1.It remains to be seen recorded video courses can meet the demands of students of different levels or not.
【答案】whether
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:录制好的视频课程是否能够满足不同水平学生的需求还有待观察。分析句子结构可知,“It”是形式主语,“___ recorded video courses can meet the demands of students of different levels or not.”作真正的主语,是主语从句,且从句中不缺少成分,但是句意不完整,需要表达“是否”的意思,结合“or not”可知,应用连词whether来引导这个从句。故填whether。
2. we invest in renewable energy now or continue to rely on fossil fuels will profoundly impact the environmental and economic landscape for generations to come.
【答案】Whether
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:无论我们现在投资可再生能源,还是继续依赖化石燃料,都将对子孙后代的环境和经济格局产生深远影响。空处引导主语从句,从句成分完整,引导词表示“是否”,结合“or”可知,此处为whether…or…,意为“无论……还是……”,需用whether引导主语从句,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Whether。
3. we can protect the ancient cultural relics well or not depends on the joint efforts of the whole society.
【答案】Whether
【解析】句意:我们能否保护好古文物,取决于全社会的共同努力。空处引导主语从句,从句成分完整,但需要添加“是否”之意,应用连接词whether引导,whether...or not“是否”是固定搭配,位于句首,首字母大写。
考点三 考查主语从句连接代词的用法(高考高频考点)
知●识●解●构
知识点1 what在主语从句中的用法
含义:“……的事情”“……的东西”“……的内容”,在从句中常作主语、宾语、表语,指代事物。
1. made me realize the significance of these buildings was the knowledge I learned about ancient Chinese architecture in university.
【答案】What
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:让我意识到这些建筑的重要性的是我在大学里学到的关于中国古代建筑的知识。空处引导主语从句,从句缺少主语,指事物,故应用连接代词 what,位于句首,首字母大写。故填What。
2. he said at the meeting left a deep impression on everyone present.
【答案】What
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:他在会上所说的话给在场的每个人都留下了深刻的印象。空格处引导的是主语从句,从句中缺少宾语,句子表示“他在会上所说的话给在场的每个人都留下了深刻的印象”,因此空格处用what引导主语从句,位于句首的单词首字母大写,故填What。
知识点2 who/whom在主语从句的用法
含义:who“谁”(指人),在从句中作主语;whom“谁”(指人),在从句中作宾语(口语中可被who替代)。
1. will take over the company has not been decided yet.
【答案】Who
【解析】句意:谁将接管这家公司还没有定下来。空处引导主语从句,从句中缺少作主语的指人的连接词,应填连接代词who,句首首字母需大写。
2. the teacher will praise depends on their class performance.
【答案】Whom
【解析】句意:老师会表扬谁取决于他们的课堂表现。此处考查主语从句,从句中缺少praise的宾语,应用连接代词whom引导,意为“谁”,句首单词首字母需大写。
知识点3 whose在主语从句的用法
含义:“……的”,表所属关系,在从句中作定语,后接名词,可指代人或物。
notebook was left on the desk is a question for the monitor.
【答案】Whose
【解析】句意:谁的笔记本被留在了桌上,这是班长要解决的问题。“____ notebook was left on the desk”为主语从句,从句中notebook前缺少定语,表示“谁的”,需用连接代词whose引导主语从句。置于句首,首字母大写。
whose表所属关系,可以指物,也可以指人,由于学生的思维定势,往往习惯指人,忽视指物的用法。
知识点4 which在主语从句的用法
含义:“哪一个”,表选择,在从句中作主语、宾语、定语,指代人或物(有明确的选择范围)。
team will win the game is a matter of public concern.
【答案】Which
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:哪支队伍会赢得这场比赛是公众关心的事。空处引导主语从句,且在从句中作定语修饰名词team,表示“哪一个”,需用连接代词which,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Which。
知识点5 复合连接代词(whoever/whatever/whichever)
含义:“无论谁”“无论什么”“无论哪一个”,表让步,在从句中作主语、宾语、定语,语气比普通连接代词更强。
1. helps others sincerely will get respect in return.
【答案】Whoever
【解析】句意:无论谁真心地帮助他人,都会得到他人的尊重作为回报。引导主语从句,从句缺少主语,表示“无论谁”用whoever,首字母大写。
2. we do should be good for the coexistence of humans and nature.
【答案】Whatever
【解析】考查主语从句连接词。句意:无论我们做什么都应该有利于人类与自然的共存。Whatever we do是主语从句,Whatever引导该从句,在从句中作do宾语,同时表达“无论什么”的含义,首字母大写。故填Whatever。
3. book you choose is fine with me.
【答案】Whichever
【解析】句意:无论你选择哪本书,我都无所谓。空处引导名词性从句作整个句子的主语,主语从句中book缺少限定词,结合“is fine with me”可知,此处表示“无论哪一本”,且“choose”表明是在有限范围内的任意选择,应用连接代词whichever作引导词,且句首单词的首字母需大写。
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查连接代词what的用法(高频考点)
1. started as a difficult challenge has turned out to be a valuable experience for all the team members.
【答案】What
【解析】句意:起初看似艰难的挑战,最终成为全体队员宝贵的经历。空处引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,指代这件事,用连接代词what,句首首字母需大写。
2.After the fire, would otherwise be a cultural center is now reduced to a pile of ashes.
【答案】what
【解析】句意:大火之后,原本会是文化中心的地方现在只剩下一堆灰烬。空格处引导主语从句,且在从句中作主语,表示“……的地方/事物”,应填what。
3. was once a getaway particularly for retirees is even becoming a desirable way for young citizens to escape the busy urban life.
【答案】What
【解析】句意:曾经尤其作为退休人士休闲去处的地方,如今甚至成为年轻人逃离繁忙都市生活的理想方式。此处引导主语从句,从句内缺少主语,指代事物,所以使用连接代词what,位于句首,首字母需大写。
4. traditional Chinese calligraphy reflects is celebrated not just as an art form but as a philosophical practice rooted in millennia-old (有千年历史的) spiritual traditions — the artist’s inner harmony with nature.
【答案】What
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:中国传统书法所体现的内涵,不仅被视作一种艺术形式,更被推崇为一种植根于数千年精神传统的哲学修行—— 即书写者内心与自然的和谐统一。设空处引导主语从句,从句中reflects 缺少宾语,指物,用连接代词what引导,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填What。
5.It is still unknown will happen to Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua as they grow up.
【答案】what
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:随着“中中”和“华华”的长大,会发生什么事仍然不得而知。空处需用连接词引导主语从句,从句缺少主语,表示“什么”之意,所以空处需用连接代词what引导主语从句。故填what。
6.At that moment, I witnessed was the beautiful way a mother’s love could ripple out into the world.
【答案】what
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:在那一刻,我所目睹的是一个母亲的爱能以美丽的方式传播到整个世界。空处引导主语从句,从句中缺少宾语,表示“……的东西”,应用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。
考向二 考查复合连接代词的用法。
1. is willing to take responsibility and lead the team through this challenging project will earn great respect from all of us.
【答案】Whoever
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:任何愿意承担责任并带领团队完成这个挑战性项目的人,都将赢得我们所有人的极大尊重。空格处引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,且指人,表示“任何……的人”,具有泛指意义,故用复合关系代词whoever,首字母大写。故填Whoever。
2.___________ is worth doing at all is worth doing well.
【答案】Whatever
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:凡是值得做的事,就值得做好。此处whatever在主语从句中作主语,故填Whatever。
考向三 考查连接代词which和whose的用法。
1. book is more interesting has been discussed in our reading group.
【答案】Which
【解析】句意:我们读书小组讨论了哪本书更有趣。句子的谓语是has been discussed,前面的“____ book is more interesting”是主语从句,用来表达讨论的内容。在主语从句中,book是名词,需要一个疑问代词来修饰它,表示“哪一本书”,所以用Which,注意首字母大写。
2. option is more suitable for our project needs further discussion.
【答案】Which
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:哪个选择更适合我们的项目需要进一步讨论。空处引导主语从句,修饰名词option,且表示“哪一”应用连接代词which作引导词。故填Which。
3._________speech is the most popular depends on the reaction from the audience.
【答案】Whose
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:谁的演讲最受欢迎取决于听众的反应。此处whose作定语。故填whose。
考向四 考查连接代词who/whom的用法。
1. will win the English speech contest is still unknown.
【答案】Who
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:谁将赢得英语演讲比赛仍然未知。“____ will win the English speech contest”为主语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示“谁”,需用连接代词who引导主语从句。置于句首,首字母大写。
2.________ we should ask for help is a problem.
【答案】Whom
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们应该向谁寻求帮助,这确实是个问题。此处whom作ask的宾语,故填Whom。
考点四 考查连接副词的用法
知●识●解●构
知识点 连接副词when, where, how, why,whenever, however, wherever等在从句中充当时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原因状语 起连接作用,提示从句开始。有词汇意义,不能省略。
含义:when“什么时候”(时间状语)、where“在哪里”(地点状语)、why“为什么”(原因状语)、
how“如何,怎样”,在从句中作方式状语,也可表示“多么”(修饰形容词/副词,表程度)。
1.It is a mystery he suddenly disappeared without any notice.
【答案】why
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:他为什么突然毫无征兆地消失了,这是个谜。it是形式主语,空格处引导的是主语从句,由mystery可知,此处表示“他为什么突然毫无征兆地消失了,这是个谜”,空格处意为“为什么”,因此用why引导主语从句,故填why。
2. early buses leave the station largely depends on passenger demands.
【答案】When
【解析】考查主语从句连接词。句意:早班车何时离开车站在很大程度上取决于乘客的需求。分析句子结构可知,“____ early buses leave the station”为主语从句,该从句中不缺少主语和宾语,结合语境,这里强调的是早班车离开车站的时间,When符合语境。首字母大写。故填When。
3. we can find the best local snacks is a secret my grandma told me.
【答案】Where
【解析】句意:我们能在哪里找到最地道的当地小吃,这是奶奶告诉我的一个秘密。句子的谓语是is,前面的“____ we can find the best local snacks”是主语从句,we can find the best local snacks是完整的主谓宾结构,不需要代词作主语或宾语,只需要一个表示地点的连接副词来引导,说明“找小吃”的地点,所以用Where,注意首字母大写。
4. he presents his ideas is very persuasive and impressive.
【答案】How
【解析】考查主语从句的引导词。句意:他提出自己观点的方式很有说服力且令人印象深刻。分析句子结构可知,空处引导主语从句,从句中缺少方式状语,表示“如何,怎样”,所以要用关系副词how来引导该主语从句。句首单词首字母要大写。故填How。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查主语从句中连接副词的用法
1.Sometimes, we show our gratitude to a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her.
【答案】how
【解析】句意:有时候,我们向他人表达谢意的方式,会体现在我们端给对方的食物上。空格处引导主语从句,结合句意,此处表示“表达谢意的方式”,从句缺少方式状语,含义为“如何、怎样”,因此填连接副词how。
2. he rode across the finish line in the cycling race was captured by the photographer.
【答案】When
【解析】句意:他在自行车比赛中冲过终点线的那一刻被摄影师捕捉到了画面。空处引导主语从句,从句是一个完整的主谓宾结构,表示“……的时刻”用连接副词when。注意首字母大写。
3. she lives is still a secret.
【答案】Where
【解析】句意:她住在哪里仍然是个秘密。主语从句缺少地点状语,表示“她住在哪里”,用where引导。
考点五 考查含有形式主语it的主语从句的用法
知●识●解●构
知识点1 It+is+形容词+that…:常见的形容词有known, clear, necessary, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, certain, obvious, strange, natural等。
That the earth turns around the sun is known to us all.
→It is known to us all that the earth turns around the sun.地球绕着太阳转这一点是众所周知的。
Whether he will come or not is not clear.
→It is not clear whether /if he will come or not. 他是否要来还不清楚。
知识点2 It+is+名词+that…:常见的名词有a pity, a shame, a fact, an honour, a mystery, a wonder, no wonder, good news, common knowledge等。
It is a pity that he didn’t pass the exam. 他没有通过考试真遗憾。
It is a wonder that he survived the crash. 他从坠机事件中幸存下来真是个奇迹。
It is no wonder that he has achieved so much success. 难怪他取得如此大的成功。
知识点3 It+is+动词过去分词+that…:常见的过去分词有said, believed, reported, pointed out, hoped, thought, decided, ordered等。
It is said that he is a famous writer. 据说他是位著名的作家。
It is reported that there will be a storm this afternoon. 据报道今天下午有暴风雨。
知识点4 It+特殊动词+that…:常见的特殊动词有seem, appear, happen, matter, turn out, occur to, make a difference等。
It seems that it is going to rain. 天看起来要下雨了。
It happened that I didn’t take any money with me. 碰巧我身上没带钱。
It occurred to me that I didn’t close the window. 我突然想起我没有关窗户。
知识点5 It+使令性动词+sb.+that...:常见的动词有worry, shock, surprise, satisfy, upset等。
It upset him a lot that he was fired. 他被解雇了使他很难过。
It surprised me that she brought up three children on her own.她独自抚养三个孩子使我感到吃惊。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查形式主语it的主语从句
1.It is widely recognised calligraphy is an important part of traditional Chinese culture.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:人们普遍认为书法是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。It是形式主语,真正的主语是本空引导的主语从句,主语从句不缺少成分或含义,用that引导。故填that。
2.It is surprising electronics has rapidly developed in these years.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:令人惊讶的是,电子技术在这些年里发展得如此迅速。句中it作形式主语,设空处引导名词性从句作真正主语,从句句意、结构完整,用连接词that引导,构成句型“it be+adj.+that...”。故填that。
3.It is obvious to the students they make good preparation for the coming examinations.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:对学生们来说很明显,他们为即将到来的考试做好了充分准备。本句中it为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的从句,该从句结构完整,不缺成分,意思也完整,所以应用that引导主语从句,that在从句中不充当任何成分,只起连接作用。故填that。
4.It remains to be seen the new regulations will lead to better compliance among all employees.
【答案】whether
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:新规定是否会导致所有员工更好地遵守规定还有待观察。分析句子结构,it为形式主语,空处引导主语从句,从句不缺成分,引导词表示“是否”,需用连接词whether引导。故填whether。
考点六 主语从句中的主谓一致、语序及时态问题
知●识●解●构
知识点1 从句作主语时,主句的谓语一般用单数形式。
what引导主语从句时,有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。
知识点2 如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用复数;由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时,谓语动词用单数。
情况
谓语动词
示例
单个从句作主语
一般用单数
That he is honest is known to all.
what 引导的从句,表语为单数
单数
What he needs is a good rest.
what 引导的从句,表语为复数
复数
What we need are good books.
两个以上由 and 连接的从句
复数
When they will start and where they will go have not been decided.
由多个连接词 + 主语 + 谓语的单一从句
单数
When and where the meeting will be held has not been decided.
注意:what 引导的主语从句,谓语动词的单复数通常由表语的数决定。这是高考高频考点。
What he wants is a new car.(表语 a new car 单数)
What he wants are new cars.(表语 new cars 复数)
知识点3 主语从句的语序:主语从句用陈述句语序。
知识点4 主语从句的时态需根据具体语境判断。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查主语从句中的主谓一致
1.(2026·河北省张家口市第一中学高三期中)What is inspiring _______(be)that some people are working on changing this situation now with the help of technology and introducing this instrument to more people.
【答案】is
【解析】考查主语从句的主谓一致。句意:令人鼓舞的是,现在有人正在借助科技的力量努力改变这种状况,并将这种乐器介绍给更多的人。此处主语从句作主语,根据语境表示不具体的内容,用单数的形式。故填is。
2.What the Grade Three students in the mountain area need_______(be)books.
【答案】are
【解析】考查主语从句的主谓一致。句意:山区三年级学生真正需要的是书籍。根据后面的表语可知,此处用复数形式,故填are。
考点七 主语从句的虚拟语气
知●识●解●构
知识点1 It is +形容词+ that从句,从句谓语动词用 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略。常见形容词:necessary, important, essential, urgent, advisable, natural, strange 等。
It is necessary that we (should) protect the environment. 我们有必要保护环境。
It is strange that he (should) refuse the invitation. 他竟然拒绝邀请,真奇怪。
知识点2 It is +过去分词+ that 从句,从句谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”,should可省略。常见过去分词:suggested, recommended, required, demanded, ordered, proposed等。
It was suggested that the meeting (should) be postponed. 有人建议会议延期。
The leader urged that all members (should) attend the meeting. 领导力劝所有成员参加会议。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查主语从句的虚拟语气
1. It is requested that some measures ___________ (take) to stop “white pollution”.
【答案】should be taken/be taken
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:有人要求采取一些措施来制止“白色污染”。此处为It is requested that句型,从句需用虚拟语气,谓语用“should+动词原形”,且与主语之间为被动关系。故填(should) be taken。
2. As a parent, it is vital that you ___________ (teach) your child the value of money.
【答案】should teach/teach
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:作为父母,教导孩子金钱的价值是至关重要的。it is vital that sb. (should) do sth.是固定句型,意为“某人做某事是至关重要的”,其中it是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句,因此空格处使用虚拟语气,为(should) teach,故填(should) teach。
3. It is highly recommended that this book ___________ (revise) before getting published.
【答案】be revised/should be revised
【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:强烈建议这本书在出版前修改一下。空处应填从句谓语动词,由句意及句中的It is highly recommended that可知此处为表示建议、要求、命令的动词之后的虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用,此时that从句的谓语动词应用(should)+动词原形,从句主语this book与revise之间为被动关系,谓语动词应用被动语态,故填should be revised/be revised。
考点八 主语从句的易错点
知●识●解●构
知识点1 that vs whether(高频考点)
看从句语义:语义完整(无“是否”含义)→ 用that;语义不完整(有“是否”选择)→ 用whether;
看位置:从句位于句首,表“是否”→ 用whether,不可用if;从句位于it作形式主语后,表“是否”→ 可用whether或if(但有or not时只能用whether);
特殊注意:that引导的主语从句,主句谓语用单数;whether引导的主语从句,主句谓语也用单数。
例句对比:
That he succeeded is beyond our expectation.(语义完整,用that)
Whether he succeeded is beyond our expectation.(语义不完整,表“是否成功”,用whether)
知识点2 what vs that(高频考点)
that:无含义,不充当从句成分,只起连接作用,从句语义完整;
what:有含义(“……的事情/东西”),在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语,从句语义不完整(缺成分)。
例句对比(易错警示):
That he said at the meeting is important.(错误:从句缺宾语,that不能充当宾语)
What he said at the meeting is important.(正确:what在从句中作宾语,指代“他说的话”)
That he spoke at the meeting is important.(正确:从句“he spoke at the meeting”语义完整,that只起连接作用)
知识点3 whether vs if(主语从句中)
主语从句中,whether和if的区别:
主语从句位于句首时,只能用whether,不能用if;
主语从句后接or not时,只能用whether,不能用if;
例句对比:
Whether he will come or not is unknown.(正确:后接or not,用whether)
If he will come or not is unknown.(错误:后接or not,不能用if)
It is unknown whether/if he will come.(正确:it作形式主语,无or not,可用if)
知识点4 连接代词 vs 连接副词
解题依据:从句缺主语、宾语、表语、定语 → 用连接代词;从句缺时间、地点、原因、方式状语 → 用连接副词。
例句对比:
How we will get there is a problem.(从句“we will get there”缺方式状语 → 用how,连接副词)
What we will take there is a problem.(从句“we will take there”缺宾语 → 用what,连接代词)
When we will get there is a problem.(从句缺时间状语 → 用when,连接副词)
考●向●破●译
考向 考查主语从句中的易错连接词
1. we value traditional culture or ignore it will shape our cultural identity in the long run.
【答案】Whether
【解析】句意:我们是重视传统文化还是忽视它,从长远来看将会影响我们的文化认同。空处引导主语从句,结合句中的or且空处位于句首,应用whether引导,whether...or...结构用来引出两种对立的情况,表示“是……还是……,不管……还是……”。位于句首大写首字母。
2. makes us truly happy is not wealth, but a meaningful life full of love and hope.
【答案】What
【解析】句意:真正让我们感到幸福的,不是财富,而是充满爱与希望的有意义的人生。引导主语从句,从句缺少主语,指代事物,用what,首字母大写。
3. your professor expects from this assignment is not perfection, but evidence that you truly engaged with the material.
【答案】What
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:你的教授对这份作业的期望,并非完美无缺,而是能证明你真正用心钻研了学习内容。空处引导主语从句,从句缺少宾语,且指代事物,应用连接代词what,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填What。
4. he quit his high-paying job is not difficult to understand. He wanted to start up his own business.
【答案】That
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:他辞去那份高薪工作这件事并不难理解。他想自己创业了。引导主语从句,从句不缺少成分和句意,故用that。首字母大写。故填That。
5. our country was founded is a day we all should keep in mind.
【答案】When
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:我们国家成立的那一天是我们所有人都应该铭记的日子。分析句子结构并根据语意可知,“is”前为主语从句,从句中主干成分完整,但缺少表示“时间”的状语,应用连接副词“when”来引导,且位于句首,首字母需大写,符合“强调国家成立的时间”的语境。故填When。
考点九 主语从句的思维建模
思维建模
✅ 技巧1:判断是否为主语从句:看从句是否充当主句的主语(位于主句开头,或前面有it作形式主语);
✅ 技巧2:分析主语从句成分:看从句中缺少什么成分(主语、宾语、表语、定语 → 连接代词;状语 → 连接副词;不缺成分 → 连接词that/whether);
✅ 技巧3:结合句意选择引导词:根据从句语义(是否表“是否”、是否表“无论……”、是否有选择范围),匹配对应的引导词。
真题溯源·考向感知
——溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向
单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.(2021全国I卷)_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
【答案】What
【解析】考查主语从句。句意为:这段经历让人叹为观止的是那些超凡脱俗的场景。引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,表示"……的东西",故填What。
2.(2020·江苏卷改编)It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
【答案】whether
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题;这只是时间问题。根据下文it’s just a matter of time可知,此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”,it是形式主语,whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故填whether。
3. is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.
【答案】It
【解析】本题考查固定句型。句意:人们普遍认为,应该根据学生的综合素质来评价他们。句子缺少形式主语,而“that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality”是真正的主语从句,所以此处应用it作形式主语,构成“It is+过去分词+that从句”的固定句型,其中it位于句首,首字母要大写。 故填It。
4. Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some say it was a different place.
【答案】Where
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:中国伟大诗人李白的出生地为众人所知,但也有人认为其出生地另有他处。空格处引导主语从句,由but some say it was a different place可知,句子表示“中国伟大诗人李白的出生地为众人所知”,空格处在主语从句中作地点状语,意为“……的地方”,用连接副词where引导主语从句,位于句首,首字母大写,故填Where。
5. we release that inner power for success is what we need to learn.
【答案】How
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们需要学习的是如何释放内心的力量来获得成功。“______ we release that inner power for success”是主语从句,表示“如何释放内心的力量来获得成功”,空格处意为“如何”,用how引导主语从句,位于句首,首字母大写,故填How。
6.It’s true inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn’t be completely overlooked.
【答案】that
【解析】考查连接词。句意:内在美确实很重要,但外在美也不应该被完全忽视。it为形式主语,空处引导主语从句,从句句意和句子结构完整,连接词为that。故填that。
7. the lifestyle is slower and healthier is the reason why some people prefer to live in the country rather than in the city.
【答案】That
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:生活方式更慢且更健康,这就是一些人宁愿住在乡下而不是城市的原因。此处为连接词引导的主语从句,该从句结构完整、语义明确,不缺少成分,需用that引导主语从句,that在从句中无实际意义,仅起连接作用,且位于句首首字母需大写。故填That。
8. he will go to attend the meeting himself or he will send his son to hasn’t been decided.
【答案】Whether
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:他是亲自去参加会议还是派他儿子去参加会议还没有决定。空格处引导的是主语从句,由后面的or可知,这里表示一种选择,所以用whether引导。whether和or连用表示“是……还是……”,位于句首的单词首字母大写。故填Whether。
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