Unit 2 Cherishing friendship词汇同步笔记清单 2024-2025学年高中英语沪外版选择性必修第三册
2025-11-22
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摘要:
该高中英语知识清单系统梳理沪外版选必3 Unit 2“Cherishing friendship”单元核心词汇及短语,涵盖词形变化、派生词、核心考点与语境例句等知识范畴,搭建从基础词形掌握到考点应用的递进式学习架构。
清单采用“词形-派生-考点-例句”四维关联构建词汇网络,如“gesture”标注名词复数gestures及动词含义,核心考点列出“make a gesture”搭配并附语境例句,提升语言能力。设计“核心考点分类”(如a bunch of的多义用法)和“派生词链”(如sad-sadness-sadly),培养学习能力,学生可高效自主复习,教师能精准设计教学活动增强课堂实效。
内容正文:
沪外版选必3 Unit 2 Cherishing friendship.词汇同步笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
cherish v. 珍爱;钟爱;爱护
过去式/过去分词:cherished
cherished adj. 珍爱的;cherishment n. 珍爱
1. cherish sth.(珍爱某物)2. cherish memory(珍惜回忆)
She cherishes the handwritten letter from her friend.(她珍爱着朋友寄来的手写信。)
2
gesture n. (表明感情或意图的)姿态,表示;手势;姿势;示意动作
名词复数:gestures;动词过去式/过去分词:gestured
gesture v. 做手势;用动作表示
1. make a gesture(做手势)2. gesture of kindness(善意的表示)
He made a friendly gesture to invite her in.(他做了个友好的手势请她进来。)
3
freshman n. (NAmE) 高中一年级学生;初中一年级学生;(especially NAmE)大学一年级新生
名词复数:freshmen
无
1. college freshman(大学新生)2. high school freshman(高中一年级学生)
As a freshman, she is still adapting to campus life.(作为大学新生,她还在适应校园生活。)
4
bunch n. 大量;大批
名词复数:bunches
无
1. a bunch of(一束;一堆;一群)2. a bunch of flowers(一束花)
He bought a bunch of grapes on his way home.(他回家路上买了一串葡萄。)
5
sadness n. 悲伤;悲痛;难过
不可数名词
sad adj. 悲伤的;sadly adv. 悲伤地
1. feel sadness(感到悲伤)2. great sadness(极度悲伤)
The loss of her pet filled her with deep sadness.(宠物的离世让她陷入深深的悲伤。)
6
crawl v. 爬;爬行;匍匐行进
过去式/过去分词:crawled;名词复数:crawls
crawl n. 爬行;匍匐前进
1. crawl on the ground(在地上爬)2. crawl forward(匍匐前进)
The baby crawled towards his mother with a smile.(宝宝笑着朝妈妈爬过去。)
7
tear n. 眼泪;泪珠;泪水
名词复数:tears;动词过去式/过去分词:tore/torn(撕破义)
tear v. 撕破;撕裂
1. shed tears(流泪)2. in tears(哭泣;流泪)
Tears rolled down her cheeks when she heard the touching story.(听到这个感人的故事,眼泪从她脸颊滚落。)
8
stack n. (通常指码放整齐的)一叠,一摞,一堆
名词复数:stacks;动词过去式/过去分词:stacked
stack v. 堆叠;摞起
1. a stack of books(一摞书)2. stack up(堆叠起来)
There’s a neat stack of papers on the desk.(桌上有一叠整齐的文件。)
9
muscle n. 肌肉;肌
名词复数:muscles
muscular adj. 肌肉发达的;肌肉的
1. build muscle(锻炼肌肉)2. skeletal muscle(骨骼肌)
Regular exercise helps strengthen arm muscles.(规律锻炼有助于增强手臂肌肉。)
10
graduation n. 毕业典礼;(大学或美国高中的)毕业
不可数名词
graduate v. 毕业;graduate n. 毕业生
1. graduation ceremony(毕业典礼)2. after graduation(毕业后)
They will hold the graduation ceremony in the school hall.(他们将在学校礼堂举行毕业典礼。)
11
pat v. (喜爱地)轻拍
过去式/过去分词:patted;名词复数:pats
pat n. 轻拍
1. pat sb. on the shoulder(轻拍某人肩膀)2. a gentle pat(轻轻一拍)
The teacher patted her on the head to encourage her.(老师轻轻拍了拍她的头鼓励她。)
12
sibling n. (formal or specialist) 兄;弟;姐;妹
名词复数:siblings
无
1. elder sibling(哥哥/姐姐)2. younger sibling(弟弟/妹妹)
She often shares secrets with her younger sibling.(她经常和弟弟/妹妹分享秘密。)
13
disbelief n. 不信;怀疑
不可数名词
disbelieve v. 不相信;disbelieving adj. 怀疑的
1. in disbelief(怀疑地)2. look in disbelief(怀疑地看着)
He stared at the result in disbelief.(他怀疑地盯着结果看。)
14
gasp n. (尤指由于惊讶或疼痛而)喘气,喘息,倒抽气
名词复数:gasps;动词过去式/过去分词:gasped
gasp v. 喘气;倒抽气
1. gasp for breath(喘气;呼吸困难)2. a gasp of surprise(惊讶地倒抽气)
Everyone let out a gasp at the unexpected news.(听到这个意外的消息,所有人都倒抽了一口凉气。)
15
depth n. 深厚
不可数名词;名词复数:depths(深处)
deep adj. 深的;deeply adv. 深深地
1. depth of love(爱的深厚)2. in depth(深入地)
We were moved by the depth of their friendship.(我们被他们深厚的友谊所感动。)
16
underestimate v. 低估;对……估计不足
过去式/过去分词:underestimated;名词复数:underestimates(低估)
underestimation n. 低估
1. underestimate sb./sth.(低估某人/某物)2. never underestimate(切勿低估)
Don’t underestimate the power of perseverance.(切勿低估坚持的力量。)
17
clear one’s throat 清喉咙;清嗓子
无词形变化
无
1. clear one’s throat before speaking(说话前清嗓子)
He cleared his throat and started his speech.(他清了清嗓子,开始了演讲。)
18
drop out 退学;退出
无词形变化
无
1. drop out of school(退学)2. drop out of the competition(退出比赛)
He didn’t drop out of college despite the difficulties.(尽管遇到困难,他还是没有退学。)
19
clean out 把……打扫干净
无词形变化
无
1. clean out the closet(清理壁橱)2. clean out the fridge(清空冰箱)
She spent the whole morning cleaning out her bedroom.(她花了一上午时间把卧室彻底打扫干净。)
20
help ... out 帮助……摆脱困境(或解决问题)
无词形变化
无
1. help sb. out of trouble(帮助某人摆脱困境)2. help out with(帮忙做)
Can you help me out with my math homework?(你能帮我解决数学作业的难题吗?)
21
Georgetown 乔治城
专有名词,无词形变化
无
1. in Georgetown(在乔治城)2. Georgetown University(乔治敦大学)
Georgetown is a historic district in Washington D.C.(乔治城是华盛顿特区的一个历史街区。)
22
Duke 杜克
专有名词,无词形变化
无
1. Duke University(杜克大学)2. Duke of Cambridge(剑桥公爵)
Duke University is one of the top universities in the US.(杜克大学是美国顶尖大学之一。)
23
storey n. 楼层
名词复数:storeys/stories
storeyed adj. 多层的
1. a ten-storey building(十层楼的建筑)2. high-storey building(高层建筑)
They live on the third storey of the apartment building.(他们住在这栋公寓楼的三层。)
24
painter n. 画家;油漆匠
名词复数:painters
paint v. 绘画;油漆;painting n. 绘画;油画
1. oil painter(油画家)2. house painter(油漆工)
Van Gogh is a world-famous painter.(梵高是世界著名的画家。)
25
pneumonia n. 肺炎
不可数名词
无
1. suffer from pneumonia(患肺炎)2. treat pneumonia(治疗肺炎)
He was hospitalized with severe pneumonia last winter.(去年冬天他因严重肺炎住院。)
26
including prep. 包括……在内
无词形变化
include v. 包括;inclusion n. 包含
1. including sth.(包括某物)2. everyone including(包括所有人)
All students, including Tom, passed the English exam.(包括汤姆在内的所有学生都通过了英语考试。)
27
workroom n. 工作室;工作间;作坊
名词复数:workrooms
无
1. art workroom(艺术工作室)2. design workroom(设计工作间)
The artist creates his works in a small workroom.(这位艺术家在一个小工作室里创作。)
28
bedside n. 床边
不可数名词
无
1. at the bedside(在床边)2. bedside manner(医生的 bedside态度)
She stayed at her mother’s bedside all night.(她整夜守在妈妈的床边。)
29
ivy n. 常春藤
不可数名词
无
1. English ivy(常春藤)2. cover with ivy(爬满常春藤)
The old wall is covered with green ivy.(那面旧墙上爬满了绿色的常春藤。)
30
anger n. 怒;怒火;怒气
不可数名词;动词过去式/过去分词:angered
angry adj. 生气的;angrily adv. 生气地
1. fly into anger(勃然大怒)2. hold back anger(抑制怒火)
His rude words filled her with anger.(他粗鲁的话语让她怒火中烧。)
31
fearfully adv. 害怕地,担心地
无比较级/最高级
fear n. 恐惧;fear adj. 害怕的;fearless adj. 无畏的
1. look fearfully(害怕地看)2. fearfully worried(极度担心)
The child looked fearfully at the big dog.(那个孩子害怕地看着那条大狗。)
32
hallway n. 门厅;过道,走廊
名词复数:hallways
无
1. in the hallway(在门厅里)2. long hallway(长长的走廊)
I met my former teacher in the school hallway.(我在学校走廊里遇到了以前的老师。)
33
lantern n. 灯笼;提灯
名词复数:lanterns
无
1. red lantern(红灯笼)2. paper lantern(纸灯笼)
People hang red lanterns to celebrate the Spring Festival.(人们挂红灯笼庆祝春节。)
34
call ... up (给某人)打电话
无词形变化
无
1. call sb. up(给某人打电话)2. call up memories(唤起回忆)
I called him up to invite him to the party this weekend.(我给他打电话,邀请他参加这周末的派对。)
35
Greenwich Village 格林尼治村(美国纽约市曼哈顿区的一部分,是作家、艺术家等聚居的地区,以其豪放不羁的波希米亚气氛著称)
专有名词,无词形变化
无
1. in Greenwich Village(在格林尼治村)2. live in Greenwich Village(住在格林尼治村)
Many artists and writers once lived in Greenwich Village.(许多艺术家和作家曾住在格林尼治村。)
36
Sue 苏(人名)
专有名词,无词形变化
无
1. Sue is my classmate.(苏是我的同学。)
Sue helped me prepare for the exam.(苏帮我准备了考试。)
37
Johnsy 琼西(人名)
专有名词,无词形变化
无
1. Johnsy is a character in the story.(琼西是故事中的一个角色。)
Johnsy regained her will to live with Behrman’s help.(在贝尔曼的帮助下,琼西重新燃起了活下去的意志。)
38
Behrman 贝尔曼(人名)
专有名词,无词形变化
无
1. Behrman is a kind painter.(贝尔曼是一位善良的画家。)
Behrman sacrificed himself to save Johnsy.(贝尔曼为了拯救琼西牺牲了自己。)
39
concept n. 概念;观念
名词复数:concepts
conceptual adj. 概念的
1. basic concept(基本概念)2. concept of time(时间概念)
Children gradually form the concept of right and wrong.(孩子们逐渐形成是非观念。)
40
indeed adv. [用于强调描述,尤指对品质或状况的描述]真的,真是
无比较级/最高级
无
1. indeed true(确实是真的)2. very good indeed(确实很好)
The movie is indeed worth watching.(这部电影确实值得一看。)
41
Forrest Gump 福雷斯特·甘普(阿甘)
专有名词,无词形变化
无
1. watch Forrest Gump(看《阿甘正传》)2. Forrest Gump’s spirit(阿甘的精神)
Forrest Gump is a classic movie that inspires many people.(《阿甘正传》是一部激励了很多人的经典电影。)
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