专题06 七选五（期末真题汇编，北京专用）高二英语上学期

专题06 七选五 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市大兴区·期末） “Money can’t buy you happiness” is either a well-known piece of folk wisdom, or a tired cliché (陈词滥调). Is it right, though? Scientifically speaking, the answer is mixed. A recent study carried out at the University of Bath has once again looked at the relationship between income and happiness. It seems that, up to a point and within a specific set of circumstances, money can buy happiness. 1 What makes us happy? At the most fundamental level, the things that make us happy are those that satisfy our basic biological needs. 2 Our brain recognizes these things as being “biologically significant”. If we obtain them, we experience a sense of happiness. However, this doesn’t mean “more money” automatically means “more happiness”. Money may be recognized by our brains as biologically significant, but there is an upper limit on how rewarding even biologically significant things can be. For example, eating food can often be pleasurable, but at some point, you’ll be sated (过饱的) after which point eating more causes actual discomfort. 3 Build too many barriers around yourself and you will end up feeling isolated. There’s also the phenomenon of habituation where the fundamental parts of our brains learn not to react to things that occur predictably and reliably. This is why things that are surprising and unexpected are often more rewarding than familiar things. 4 Receiving your regular pay is reassuring, but receiving money unexpectedly, even if it’s a far smaller sum, often makes you much happier. Also, when we actively need it for our survival, obtaining money is very rewarding. Once we go beyond that point, in other words, once we’re “financially secure”, its power to make us happy is significantly reduced. 5 A．In many cases, the same thing happens with money. B．This ultimately means money’s link to happiness is more indirect. C．The same goes for drinking and even for things like shelter and security. D．It might be better to consider that money can buy you safety and security. E．We humans need many things to ensure our survival, like food, water and security. F．But beyond that, the relationship between money and happiness becomes more uncertain. G．Instead, more psychological stimulation like travelling has a greater ability to make us happy. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了金钱能否买到幸福的问题以及金钱和幸福之间的关系。 1．根据上文“A recent study carried out at the University of Bath has once again looked at the relationship between income and happiness. It seems that, up to a point and within a specific set of circumstances, money can buy happiness.(巴斯大学最近进行的一项研究再次关注了收入和幸福之间的关系。似乎，在一定程度上，在特定的情况下，金钱可以买到幸福)”可知，上文提到在一定程度上在特定的情况下，金钱可以买到幸福，推测本句是在说明超出这个程度和范围，金钱和幸福的关系。故F选项“但超出这个范围，金钱和幸福之间的关系变得更加不确定”符合语境，故选F。 2．根据上文“What makes us happy? At the most fundamental level, the things that make us happy are those that satisfy our basic biological needs.(是什么让我们快乐？在最基本的层面上，让我们快乐的东西是那些满足我们基本生理需求的东西)”以及后文“Our brain recognizes these things as being “biologically significant”. If we obtain them, we experience a sense of happiness.(我们的大脑认为这些事情具有“生物学意义”。如果我们得到它们，我们会体验到一种幸福感)”可知，本句主要列举人类所需要的满足生理需求的基本东西。故E选项“我们人类需要很多东西来确保生存，比如食物、水和安全”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据上文“For example, eating food can often be pleasurable, but at some point, you’ll be sated (过饱的) after which point eating more causes actual discomfort.(例如，吃东西通常是令人愉快的，但在某些时候，你会感到饱，之后吃得更多会导致实际的不适)”以及后文“Build too many barriers around yourself and you will end up feeling isolated.(在自己周围建立太多的障碍，你最终会感到孤立)”可知，上文举出吃东西的例子，推测本句进一步扩展同类现象，与后文“过多障碍导致孤独”形成对比。故C选项“饮水，甚至住房和安全也是如此”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据上文“There’s also the phenomenon of habituation where the fundamental parts of our brains learn not to react to things that occur predictably and reliably. This is why things that are surprising and unexpected are often more rewarding than familiar things.(还有一种现象是习惯化，即我们大脑的基本部分学会了不对可预测和可靠发生的事情做出反应。这就是为什么令人惊讶和意想不到的事情往往比熟悉的事情更有回报的原因)”以及后文“Receiving your regular pay is reassuring, but receiving money unexpectedly, even if it’s a far smaller sum, often makes you much happier.(收到固定的工资会让人安心，但意外收到钱，即使数额小得多，也会让你更开心)”可知，本段讨论“习惯化现象”，强调“意外事件更令人愉悦”。选项A“金钱也遵循同样规律”呼应前文，举例“意外收入更让人快乐”佐证观点。故A选项“在很多情况下，同样的事情也发生在金钱上”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据上文“Also, when we actively need it for our survival, obtaining money is very rewarding. Once we go beyond that point, in other words, once we’re “financially secure”, its power to make us happy is significantly reduced.(此外，当我们为了生存而积极地需要金钱时，获得金钱是非常有益的。一旦我们超过了这一点，换句话说，一旦我们“经济上有保障”，它让我们快乐的力量就会大大降低)”可知，末段总结“金钱在生存需求满足后作用减弱”，选项B“金钱与幸福的关系更间接”点明结论，与前文“经济安全后作用显著降低”呼应。故B选项“这最终意味着金钱与幸福的联系更加间接”符合语境，故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京市东城区·期末） One of the major problems for scientists lies in communicating the value of research to the general public. 1 In order to communicate new scientific developments effectively, universities and research institutes now try to make press releases user-friendly. These press releases are targeted d to the general public, including information about risk as well as the limitations of a particular science study. The development of blogs has helped in bringing science closer to the public. Science bloggers generally focus on areas of science that they are both passionate and knowledgeable about. 2 And it is this that perhaps most attracts members of the public. Ed’s Popular Science, for instance, is filled d with the writer’s passion and down-to-earth attitude towards science. His chatty, youthful style attracts a wide range of readers. 3 Early pioneers include Jacques Cousteau, whose beautifully filmed documentaries opened up the oceans to millions. This quickly realised the potential of TV to make science come alive for viewers. Other science documentary films, such as the BBC TV series Wonders of the Solar System, have eagerly followed suit. 4 For example, scientists are offered video services to create online presentations of their research. Nevertheless, despite this progress, communication still remains one of science’s biggest problems. Some scientists often underestimate the importance of the ability to understand and effectively use various forms of media. 5 Perhaps it is time that universities addressed this problem, and thought about adding communications training to the curriculum. A．Television has also boosted the image of science. B．This brings science into the field of popular culture. C．They often write about science in an accessible, lively manner. D．The power of visual media via the Internet has also been used. E．There is a tendency among scientists towards old-fashioned research approach. F．Consequently, public attention and support for their research may be missed out. G．Scientific organisations have come a long way in developing ways to make science more accessible to non-specialist groups. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科学家向公众传达研究的价值所采用的方法和取得的进步。 1．上文“One of the major problems for scientists lies in communicating the value of research to the general public. (科学家面临的主要问题之一是向公众传达研究的价值。)”和下文“In order to communicate new scientific developments effectively, universities and research institutes now try to make press releases user-friendly. (为了有效地传播新的科学发展，大学和研究机构现在试图使新闻稿对用户友好。)”说明科学家在向公众（即非专业群体）传达研究的价值方面已经取得了进步，选项“G.科学组织在发展使非专业群体更容易获得科学的方法方面已经取得了长足的进步。”承上启下，符合题意。故选G项。 2．上文“The development of blogs has helped in bringing science closer to the public. Science bloggers generally focus on areas of science that they are both passionate and knowledgeable about. (博客的发展有助于拉近科学与公众的距离。科学博主通常关注他们既感兴趣又有知识的科学领域。)”说明科学博主想办法拉近科学与公众的距离，选项“C.他们经常用通俗易懂、生动活泼的方式写科学。”承接上文，说明他们的具体做法。故选C项。 3．下文“Early pioneers include Jacques Cousteau, whose beautifully filmed documentaries opened up the oceans to millions. This quickly realised the potential of TV to make science come alive for viewers. (早期的开拓者包括雅克·库斯托，他拍摄的精美纪录片为数百万人打开了海洋的大门。这很快意识到电视的潜力，使科学为观众生动起来。)”说明电视使科学生动起来，选项“A.电视也提升了科学的形象。”引领下文，符合题意。故选A项。 4．下文“For example, scientists are offered video services to create online presentations of their research. (例如，为科学家提供视频服务来创建他们研究的在线演示。)”举例说明互联网位科学家提供在线服务，选项“D.通过互联网的视觉媒体的力量也被利用了。”引领下文，说明互联网也被利用起来。故选D项。 5．上文“Some scientists often underestimate the importance of the ability to understand and effectively use various forms of media. (一些科学家常常低估了理解和有效使用各种形式媒体的能力的重要性。)”说明一些科学家不能有效使用各种形式媒体，选项“F.因此，公众对他们的研究的关注和支持可能会被错过。”和上文之间是因果关系，这样就造成公众对研究的关注和支持的错过。故选F项。 主题02 人与社会——文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市房山区·期末） Whether you were once much more physically active or have never been a regular exerciser, now is a great time to start. Keeping fit is important for everyone. There are endless forms of exercise. 1 The division is based on what each calls upon your body to do, and how the movement benefits you. 2 Although most aerobic exercises require you to move your whole body, the main focus is on your heart and lungs. Activities like walking, swimming, dancing and cycling, if done at sufficient intensity, get you to breathe faster and your heart to work harder Aerobic exercises—burn fat and lower blood sugar. Strength training should be performed two or three times a week. Some suitable exercises include squats, push-ups and exercises performed on resistance machines or using weights or bands. 3 Stretching exercises keep your muscles and tendons flexible, preserve your posture, and improve mobility. Stretching can be done every day. Balance exercises call on various systems to help you stay upright and oriented, such as vision, muscles, and joints. 1 Some people may wonder how much exercise is appropriate. 2 For example, your current fitness level, your strength, flexibility and balance, and your fitness goals. A．Experts divide physical activity into four broad types. B．Aerobic exercise is marked by an increased heart rate. C．Regular aerobic exercise can help keep your mind sharp. D．Many people think that tai chi and yoga are great choices. E．They can help keep your bones strong and build your muscle mass and strength. F．In fact, the amount of exercise you should be getting depends on several factors. G．As more people engage in sports, there is a growing demand for facilities and services. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．E 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了不同类型的运动及其对身体的好处，并指出适当的运动量应根据个人情况而定。 1．根据上文“There are endless forms of exercise.(运动的形式多种多样)”以及下文“The division is based on what each calls upon your body to do, and how the movement benefits you.(这种分类是基于每种运动对身体的要求以及运动如何对你有益)”可知，这里是在介绍运动的分类。与A项“Experts divide physical activity into four broad types.(专家将体育活动分为四大类)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。 2．根据下文“Although most aerobic exercises require you to move your whole body, the main focus is on your heart and lungs.(尽管大多数有氧运动需要你移动整个身体，但主要关注的是你的心脏和肺部)”可知，这里是在介绍有氧运动的特点。与B项“Aerobic exercise is marked by an increased heart rate.(有氧运动的特点是心率增加)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。 3．根据上文“Strength training should be performed two or three times a week. Some suitable exercises include squats, push-ups and exercises performed on resistance machines or using weights or bands.(力量训练应该每周进行两到三次。一些合适的练习包括深蹲、俯卧撑以及使用阻力器械或哑铃和弹力带进行的练习)”可知，上文是在介绍力量训练，可推理出下文介绍力量训练的好处。与E项“They can help keep your bones strong and build your muscle mass and strength.(它们可以帮助保持骨骼强壮，增加肌肉质量和力量)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。 4．根据上文“Balance exercises call on various systems to help you stay upright and oriented, such as vision, muscles, and joints.(平衡练习需要调动各种系统来帮助你保持直立和定向，如视觉、肌肉和关节)”可知，上文说的是要找到合适的平衡练习。与D项“Many people think that tai chi and yoga are great choices.(许多人认为太极拳和瑜伽是很好的选择)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 5．根据上文“Some people may wonder how much exercise is appropriate.(有些人可能会想知道适当的运动量是多少)”可知，上文提到了你应该进行的运动的量，与F项“In fact, the amount of exercise you should be getting depends on several factors.(事实上，你应该进行的运动量取决于几个因素)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。 主题03 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （23-24学年高二上·北京市丰台区·期末） Bingo has been a beloved game for generations, and for good reason. 1 Whether you’re looking for a way to spend some quality time with friends and family, or you’re just looking for a fun activity to do at home, hosting your own bingo party is a great option. 2 First, up are the bingo cards. You can either choose to create your own bingo cards or use pre-made ones available online. You’ll also need bingo markers, which can be anything from small pieces of paper to pennies or even candy. Once you have your supplies, it’s time to invite your guests. You can invite your friends and family over for a fun night of bingo, or you can even host a virtual bingo party over video chat. 3 Should you be hosting a virtual party, make sure to send out the video chat link ahead of time. Once everyone has arrived, it’s time to start the game! 4 Each card should have a unique combination of numbers on it ranging from 1 to 90. Make sure that all players have a pen or marker to take down the numbers as they are called out. The caller is responsible for drawing the numbers and calling them out to the players. Players keep marking the numbers on their cards until someone achieves a winning pattern. There are various winning patterns in bingo, such as completing a row, column, or diagonal line, or achieving a specific shape or design on the bingo card. 5 When a player achieves the winning pattern, they should call out “Bingo” loud and clear to signal that they have won. The goal here is to have fun. While some organization is required, try not to turn it into a military operation. After all, bingo is the type of game that can bring people together and create a fun and exciting atmosphere. A．Hand out the bingo cards to each player. B．You can ask your guests to bring their favourite bingo balls, cards and markers. C．It should be decided before the game starts, and known to all players. D．To host your own bingo party, you’ll need a few supplies. E．Instead of using traditional bingo numbers and letters, mix it up with different themes. F．If you’re hosting an in-person party, make sure to let your guests know what time to arrive. G．It’s a fun, exciting game and can be enjoyed by people of all ages. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．F 4．A 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了宾果游戏以及它的游戏规则。 1．根据上文“Bingo has been a beloved game for generations, and for good reason.”（宾果游戏是几代人喜爱的游戏，这是有充分理由的。）引出话题，提到宾果游戏。以及下文“Whether you’re looking for a way to spend some quality time with friends and family, or you’re just looking for a fun activity to do at home, hosting your own bingo party is a great option.”（无论你是在寻找一种与朋友和家人共度美好时光的方式，还是你只是想在家里找一个有趣的活动，举办自己的宾果派对是一个很好的选择。）说明举办宾果派对是一个很好的选择。结合选项G项It’s a fun, exciting game and can be enjoyed by people of all ages.（这是一项有趣、刺激的游戏，所有年龄的人都喜欢。）可知，还是介绍这款游戏的受欢迎，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 2．根据下文“First, up are the bingo cards. You can either choose to create your own bingo cards or use pre-made ones available online.”（首先，是宾果牌。您可以选择创建自己的宾果卡或使用预先制作的网上可用的。）可知，提到准备宾果游戏的用品。结合选项D项To host your own bingo party, you’ll need a few supplies.（要举办自己的宾果派对，你需要一些用品。）可知，和下文意思一致，承接上文内容，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选D项。 3．根据上文“You can invite your friends and family over for a fun night of bingo, or you can even host a virtual bingo party over video chat.”（你可以邀请你的朋友和家人来度过一个有趣的宾果之夜，或者你甚至可以通过视频聊天举办一个虚拟的宾果派对。）可知，提到两种举办宾果派对的方式，一种是面对面的，一种是网上的。以及下文“Should you be hosting a virtual party, make sure to send out the video chat link ahead of time.”（如果你要举办一个虚拟聚会，一定要提前发送视频聊天链接。）可知，说明网上举办的宾果派对。由此可推知，空格处应说明现场举办的宾果派对。结合选项F项If you’re hosting an in-person party, make sure to let your guests know what time to arrive.（如果你要举办一个面对面的聚会，一定要让你的客人知道到达的时间。）符合此推断，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 4．根据上文“Once everyone has arrived, it’s time to start the game!”（一旦大家都到了，就该开始游戏了！）说明游戏开始。以及下文“Each card should have a unique combination of numbers on it ranging from 1 to 90.”（每张卡片上应该有一个唯一的数字组合，从1到90不等。）说明游戏进行的过程。结合选项A项Hand out the bingo cards to each player.（把宾果牌发给每个玩家。）可知，为游戏进行的第一步，承接上文内容，同时引起下文，上下文紧密连接。故选A项。 5．根据上文“There are various winning patterns in bingo, such as completing a row, column, or diagonal line, or achieving a specific shape or design on the bingo card.”（在宾果游戏中有各种获胜模式，例如完成一行，列或对角线，或在宾果牌上实现特定的形状或设计。）提到宾果游戏中有各种获胜模式。以及下文“When a player achieves the winning pattern, they should call out “Bingo” loud and clear to signal that they have won.”（当玩家达到获胜模式时，他们应该大声而清晰地喊出“Bingo”来表明他们赢了。）说明获胜时的情形。结合选项C项It should be decided before the game starts, and known to all players.（这应该在比赛开始前决定，并且让所有的玩家都知道。）可知，承接上文内容，该句中It指代的是上文提到的各种获胜模式，同时引起下文，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京市石景山区·期末） Many people struggle with time management, especially when handling multiple tasks. To manage time effectively, it’s important to set priorities and develop a realistic plan that suits your needs. 1 This improves efficiency and reduces the stress of feeling overloaded. Setting clear, achievable goals is another crucial step in managing time effectively. 2 One practical way to improve these skills is by creating a daily or weekly schedule. A well-organized schedule helps you track deadlines and distribute specific time for each task. By sticking to your plan, you avoid last-minute pressure and ensure steady progress toward your goals. However, effective time management isn’t just about creating a schedule. 3 In today’s digital world, constant notifications and social media can easily distract us. Reducing time spent on these distractions can free up valuable hours each day. Setting aside blocks of uninterrupted time for focused goals can significantly boost productivity and maintain concentration. Some people find that using a timer, such as the Pomodoro Technique, helps them stay focused. 4 After each phase, you take a short break to refresh your mind. This approach helps to maintain high levels of concentration and prevents burnout. Good time management is a habit that requires patience and practice. 5 Unexpected events can occur, and being adaptable ensures that you can handle changes without losing focus. Over time, you’ll find it easier to stay organized, meet deadlines, and make the most of each day. A．Another key aspect is avoiding distractions. B．Thus, effective time management skills are essential. C．This technique involves working in 25-minute intervals. D．It’s also helpful to group tasks based on their importance. E．Many people prefer using digital tools to manage their time. F．However, it’s important to remain flexible with your plans and adapt. G．Start by identifying your most urgent tasks and focusing on them first. 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了有效时间管理的方法，包括设定优先级、制定计划、避免分心等。 1．由上文“Many people struggle with time management, especially when handling multiple tasks. To manage time effectively, it’s important to set priorities and develop a realistic plan that suits your needs. (许多人都在时间管理上挣扎，尤其是在处理多项任务时。为了有效地管理时间，设定优先级并制定符合你需求的现实计划是很重要的。)”及下文“This improves efficiency and reduces the stress of feeling overloaded. (这提高了效率，减少了超负荷工作的压力。)”对有效时间管理的描述可知，本空应具体说明如何有效地管理时间，G选项“Start by identifying your most urgent tasks and focusing on them first. (首先确定你最紧急的任务，并首先关注它们。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 2．由上文“Setting clear, achievable goals is another crucial step in managing time effectively. (设定清晰、可实现的目标是有效管理时间的另一个关键步骤。)”和下文“One practical way to improve these skills is by creating a daily or weekly schedule. A well-organized schedule helps you track deadlines and distribute specific time for each task. By sticking to your plan, you avoid last-minute pressure and ensure steady progress toward your goals. (提高这些技能的一种实用方法是制定每日或每周的时间表。一个组织良好的时间表可以帮助你跟踪截止日期，并为每项任务分配具体时间。通过坚持你的计划，你可以避免最后一刻的压力，并确保朝着目标稳步前进。)”可知，上文介绍了时间管理的关键步骤，下文介绍了提高这些技能的方法，本空应强调有效的时间管理技能非常重要。B选项“Thus, effective time management skills are essential. (因此，有效的时间管理技能至关重要。)”继续谈论时间管理技能，并强调有效的时间管理技能至关重要，所以下文才具体介绍如何提高这些技能，能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。 3．由上文“However, effective time management isn’t just about creating a schedule. (然而，有效的时间管理不仅仅关乎制定日程安排。)”及下文“In today’s digital world, constant notifications and social media can easily distract us. (在当今的数字世界中，不断的通知和社交媒体很容易分散我们的注意力。)”可知，上文介绍有效的时间管理不仅仅关乎制定日程安排，下文介绍时间管理面临的挑战，本空应介绍时间管理中注意力分散的问题，A选项“Another key aspect is avoiding distractions. (另一个关键方面是避免分心。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。 4．由上文“Some people find that using a timer, such as the Pomodoro Technique, helps them stay focused. (一些人发现使用计时器，比如番茄工作法，有助于他们保持专注。)”及下文“After each phase, you take a short break to refresh your mind. (在每个阶段之后，你休息一下，让大脑恢复活力。)”对番茄工作法的描述可知，本空应具体解释番茄工作法是如何操作的，C选项“This technique involves working in 25-minute intervals. (这种方法涉及每25分钟工作一段时间。)”直接解释了番茄工作法的核心操作，能呈上启下，符合题意。故选C。 5．由下文“Unexpected events can occur, and being adaptable ensures that you can handle changes without losing focus. (意外事件可能会发生，而适应能力可以确保你在应对变化时不会失去焦点。)”对适应能力的描述可知，本空应强调适应能力很重要，F选项“However, it’s important to remain flexible with your plans and adapt. (然而，对你的计划保持灵活性并适应它是很重要的。)”能引出下文，符合题意。故选F。 主题04 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （23-24学年高二上·北京市大兴区·期末） High school life, especially in the senior year, is a rollercoaster of emotions filled with challenges and pressures. The constant demand for academic excellence, combined with the expectations of college applications, and managing extracurricular (课外的) activities can lead even the best students to feel the weight of stress. However, it’s not only possible but essential to find moments of joy and strategies to reduce the pressure efficiently. Understanding the nature of stress is the primary step. Stress isn’t just a state of mental unrest; it’s a physiological response. 1 The body notices any form of demand, challenge, or threat and reacts by preparing for a “fight-or-flight” response. This is an ancient survival process that equips us to deal with threats, whether they’re a challenging exam or a physical danger. Interestingly, not all stress is harmful. We often overlook the distinction of different stress. Acute (急性的) stress, in contrast to the chronic (长期的), can act as a force. 2 It pushes us to our limits, motivates us to meet deadlines, and often results in that rewarding feeling of accomplishment. However, long exposure to stress leads to chronic stress. This kind of stress, if left unchecked, can cause various health issues ranging from mental health problems like anxiety and depression to physical ailments like high blood pressure and even heart diseases. To reduce the effects of stress, mindfulness and meditation have proven effective. Even on a busy day, sparing just a few moments to focus on one’s breathing or practicing guided meditation can significantly reduce stress levels. 1 These practices help in grounding an individual, bringing a momentary escape from the chaos (混乱). Pursuing hobbies or activities that one is passionate about can also be a good way. Whether it’s painting, reading, playing a musical instrument, or engaging in sports, these activities not only divert the mind but also release endorphins, the body’s natural mood lifters. Another aspect is communication. 1 Sharing burdens, discussing worries, or just talking about one’s day can offer a fresh perspective and often lightens the load. Schools offer services, and there are numerous helplines available to assist students in distress. So, with the weight of expectations, deadlines, and too many responsibilities, remember to prioritize mental well-being. 2 Every individual deserves moments of relaxation and happiness. A．When channeled correctly, stress can be our friend. B．This response is a swift, automatic sequence designed for survival. C．Prioritizing self-care isn’t a luxury (奢侈品); it’s a necessity. D．Every challenge, it approached with a positive mindset, can be an opportunity for growth. E．Seeking external help or just talking to a friend can be incredibly therapeutic. F．They attach us to the present, clearing the mental disorder and lifting the spirit. G．These parts often provide processes adjusted to individual needs. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．F 4．E 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些找到快乐，有效减少压力的策略。 1．根据上文“Understanding the nature of stress is the primary step. Stress isn’t just a state of mental unrest; it’s a physiological response.(了解压力的本质是第一步。压力不仅仅是一种精神不稳定的状态；这是一种生理反应。)”可知，空处承接上文，进一步解释说明压力的本质。B项中的“This response”和上文中的“a physiological response”对应。B项：This response is a swift, automatic sequence designed for survival.(这种反应是为生存而设计的一个快速、自动的程序。)符合语境。故选B。 2．根据上文“Interestingly, not all stress is harmful.(有趣的是，并非所有的压力都是有害的。)”和下文“It pushes us to our limits, motivates us to meet deadlines, and often results in that rewarding feeling of accomplishment.(它把我们推向极限，激励我们在最后期限前完成任务，并常常带来成就感。)”可知，如果压力处理得当，会带来好处。下文的“It”指代A项中的“stress”。A项：When channeled correctly, stress can be our friend.(如果处理得当，压力可以成为我们的朋友。)符合语境。故选A。 3．根据上文“To reduce the effects of stress, mindfulness and meditation have proven effective. Even on a busy day, sparing just a few moments to focus on one’s breathing or practicing guided meditation can significantly reduce stress levels.(为了减少压力的影响，正念和冥想被证明是有效的。即使在忙碌的一天，抽出几分钟来专注于自己的呼吸或练习有指导的冥想，也能显著降低压力水平。)”可知，空处说明正念和冥想对于减轻压力的作用。F项中的“they”指代上文中的“sparing just a few moments to focus on one’s breathing or practicing guided meditation”。F项：They attach us to the present, clearing the mental disorder and lifting the spirit.(它们使我们与现在联系在一起，清除精神障碍，振奋精神。)符合语境。故选F。 4．根据段落主题句“Another aspect is communication.(另一个方面是沟通。)”可知，空处具体说明应该如何通过沟通来减轻压力，E项中的“talking to a friend”和上文的“communication”对应。E项：Seeking external help or just talking to a friend can be incredibly therapeutic.(寻求外部帮助或只是和朋友交谈都能起到不可思议的治疗作用。)符合语境。故选E。 5．根据上文“So, with the weight of expectations, deadlines, and too many responsibilities, remember to prioritize mental well-being.(所以，面对期望、最后期限和太多责任的重压，记得优先考虑心理健康。)”可知，本段强调考虑自己心理健康的重要性。C项：Prioritizing self-care isn’t a luxury (奢侈品); it’s a necessity.(把自我照顾放在首位并不是一件奢侈的事；这是必需品。)符合语境。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京市通州区·期末） Ways to Boost Your Self-Control Contrary to popular belief, self-control does not come along by denying yourself something or being “strict” with yourself. It is about loving yourself and developing new habits. 1 This is how you get there: Set clear goals so when it comes down to it, you can think first, act later. When you have knowledge that a greater reward is at stake (得失难料), you are going to have an easier time letting go of immediate satisfaction. Prioritize your list according to what you want to achieve in the future. 2 Motivate yourself to win and remember that life doesn’t happen to you, it happens for you. Anxiety arises from the belief that you are not in control of your life circumstances but are a victim of them. 3 That will set the stage for you to regain your power and access your inner motivation to win and achieve. Know your triggers (诱因) and control the stress response. Certain situations, people or even foods will cause your stress response to be triggered. Your job is to pay attention. 4 It could be sleep deprivation, or it could be a tendency to feel overly criticized by your boss. By knowing your triggers, you can either avoid them or develop ways to deal with them. 5 Either enlist friends or family members to join you or ask for their support to remind you of your long-term goals. The key here is that no one is allowed to criticize you or cause you to feel guilt or shame. Instead, they are to remind you to love yourself and help you get back on track when you slip up. A．Get some reliable partners. B．Who and what causes you to feel emotional? C．You should think twice to avoid possible mistakes. D．Change your mindset to being a victor of your life. E．It will help you follow your heart and improve your performance. F．In other words, it is a positive effort, not one of denial or negativity. G．When following this process, you will think twice before acting on a sudden urge. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是自我控制并非通过自我压抑或严格自律来实现，并提供了几种具体的方法，包括设定清晰的目标、调整心态、识别压力诱因以及寻求可靠的支持伙伴，以帮助人们更好地管理冲动，实现长期目标。 1．前文“Contrary to popular belief, self-control does not come along by denying yourself something or being “strict” with yourself. It is about loving yourself and developing new habits. (与普遍观点相反，自我控制并不是通过自我压抑或对自己“严格”来实现的。它关乎爱自己和培养新习惯。)”说明了哪种情况不是自我控制，自我控制与什么有关。这表明，接下来的一句，即空格处，应写明自我控制的本质，以引出全文的主题。F项“换句话说，这是一种积极的努力，而不是一种否定或消极的行为。”直接点明什么是自我控制，引出文章主题，下文都围绕如何进行自我控制展开，符合语境。故选F项。 2．本段第一句“Set clear goals so when it comes down to it, you can think first, act later. (设定清晰的目标，这样当你面临选择时，就能先思考、再行动。)”表明，本段写根据目标先思考、后行动有助于进行自我控制，G项“遵循这一过程，你会在冲动之前三思而后行。”中所说的“这一过程”即为前文提到的“设定清晰的目标，先思考、再行动”。同时空处位于本段最后，G项正是对本段的总结，遵循这一过程，可以避免冲动。故选G项。 3．前文“Anxiety arises from the belief that you are not in control of your life circumstances but are a victim of them. (焦虑源于你认为自己无法掌控生活中的境遇，而是成为它们的受害者。)”指出焦虑的根源，后文“That will set the stage for you to regain your power and access your inner motivation to win and achieve. (这种认知会为你重获力量并激发你内心追求胜利和成就的动力奠定基础。)”指出按本空处所说的内容做会带来什么好处，这表明本空处应是一句告诉人们如何摆脱受害者心态的具体做法。D项“改变你的思维模式，成为自己生活的胜利者。”能够衔接前后文，且其中的victor一词与前文中的victim一词形成呼应。故选D项。 4．前文“Your job is to pay attention. (你要做的就是引起注意。)”及后文“It could be sleep deprivation, or it could be a tendency to feel overly criticized by your boss. (它可能是睡眠不足，或你觉得被老板过度批评。)”说明，空处需要一句话既能表明需要引起注意的具体内容是什么，也就是使人们不能很好地进行自我控制的因素是什么，又能概括“睡眠不足”、“觉得被老板过度批评”这两个例子的共同特点。B项“是谁、或是什么让你感觉情绪化？”满足这一要求，能承上启下。故选B项。 5．后文“Either enlist friends or family members to join you or ask for their support to remind you of your long-term goals. (你可以邀请朋友或家人加入你，或者请求他们的支持，让他们提醒你长期目标。)”提到周围的人这个因素在自我控制中的重要作用。A项“找一些可靠的伙伴。”直接点明人这个因素，起到引领全段的作用。故选A项。 主题05 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市丰台区·期末） You’re Not Perfect Imagine that you are feeling down. Someone who loves you wants to help by saying something really affirming. How about “You’ re perfect just the way you are”? That sounds nice! In fact, this is perhaps the most insidious (暗中有害的) thing that people tell us — or that we tell ourselves — when we feel sad or insecure. 1 This is called “self-enhancement bias”, and it gives rise to all sorts of distortions (曲解) in perception. Famously, back in the 1980s, research showed that up to 80 percent of motorists considered themselves to have above-average driving skills. Obviously, this cannot be true — even if you persist in believing it about yourself. People also tend to rate themselves more highly on positive moral traits. 2 And they tend to rate other people higher on negative traits such as being lazy, cold, and insincere. This is especially true for young and middle-aged adults, who rank themselves as better-than-average on multiple measures. 3 Sooner or later, you’re bound to be confronted with a painful adjustment to the truth. For instance, research showed that when college students held an inflated (过高的) view of their own academic ability, it enhanced their mood and positive affect — that is, they enjoyed happier feelings. 4 In fact, the students tended to fail at their academic expectations, and that in part led to lower self-esteem over the long term. So we face a dilemma in life: We want to feel better and make others feel better, but people’s tendency to do so through self-enhancement is a short-lived solution with possibly enduring ultimate costs. 5 Accepting your imperfections is healthier than trying to convince yourself that they don’t exist. What’s more, treating yourself with this kind of compassion (同情) makes you more compassionate toward others. A．The zone of enjoyment moves up as you increase in skill. B．But that didn’t translate into better academic performance. C．One reason is that it acts as protection against the mental pain. D．Although self-enhancement feels good, it is not a long-term solution. E．They are likely to see themselves as hard-working, honest, and warm. F．We always have a tendency to compare ourselves favorably with others. G．The best way is to emphasize to yourself that you are normal in imperfection. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．D 4．B 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是“自我增强偏见”，这种心理对人的影响以及如何应对。 1．根据后文“This is called “self-enhancement bias”, and it gives rise to all sorts of distortions (曲解) in perception. Famously, back in the 1980s, research showed that up to 80 percent of motorists considered themselves to have above-average driving skills. Obviously, this cannot be true — even if you persist in believing it about yourself.(这就是所谓的“自我增强偏见”，它会导致感知上的各种扭曲。众所周知，早在20世纪80年代，就有研究表明，多达80%的驾车者认为自己的驾驶技术高于平均水平。显然，这不是真的——即使你坚持相信自己是这样)”可知，后文解释了某种现象叫作“自我增强偏见”，且进行了举例，推测空处主要引出后文的概念，解释这种现象的内涵。故F选项“我们总是倾向于把自己和别人比较”符合语境，故选F。 2．根据前文“People also tend to rate themselves more highly on positive moral traits.(人们也倾向于在积极的道德品质上给自己更高的评价)”可知，空处承接前文，对于人们给予自己更高的道德品质进行举例说明。故E选项“他们可能认为自己勤奋、诚实、热情”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据后文“Sooner or later, you’re bound to be confronted with a painful adjustment to the truth. For instance, research showed that when college students held an inflated (过高的) view of their own academic ability, it enhanced their mood and positive affect — that is, they enjoyed happier feelings.(迟早，你一定要面对一个痛苦的适应真相的过程。例如，研究表明，当大学生对自己的学术能力持有夸大的看法时，它会增强他们的情绪和积极的影响——也就是说，他们会享受更快乐的感觉)”以及后文“In fact, the students tended to fail at their academic expectations, and that in part led to lower self-esteem over the long term.(事实上，这些学生往往无法达到他们的学业期望，这在一定程度上导致了长期自卑)”可知，本段主要说明了大学生自我夸大学术能力会带来积极的影响，但是却导致了长期自卑，说明自我增强感觉并不能持久。故D选项“虽然自我增强感觉很好，但这不是长久之计”符合语境，故选D。 4．根据前文“Sooner or later, you’re bound to be confronted with a painful adjustment to the truth. For instance, research showed that when college students held an inflated (过高的) view of their own academic ability, it enhanced their mood and positive affect — that is, they enjoyed happier feelings.(迟早，你一定要面对一个痛苦的适应真相的过程。例如，研究表明，当大学生对自己的学术能力持有夸大的看法时，它会增强他们的情绪和积极的影响——也就是说，他们会享受更快乐的感觉)”以及后文“In fact, the students tended to fail at their academic expectations, and that in part led to lower self-esteem over the long term.(事实上，这些学生往往无法达到他们的学业期望，这在一定程度上导致了长期自卑)”可知，空处与前文构成转折关系，前文提到积极影响，后文则说无法到达学业期望，说明夸大学术能力并不能提高学习成绩，故B选项“但这并没有转化为更好的学习成绩”符合语境，故选B。 5．根据前文“So we face a dilemma in life: We want to feel better and make others feel better, but people’s tendency to do so through self-enhancement is a short-lived solution with possibly enduring ultimate costs.(因此，我们在生活中面临着一个两难境地：我们想让自己感觉更好，也想让别人感觉更好，但人们倾向于通过自我增强来实现这一目标，这是一个短暂的解决方案，可能会付出持久的最终代价)”以及后文“Accepting your imperfections is healthier than trying to convince yourself that they don’t exist. What’s more, treating yourself with this kind of compassion (同情) makes you more compassionate toward others.(接受自己的不完美比试图说服自己这些不完美不存在更为健康。更重要的是，用这种同情心对待自己会让你对他人更有同情心)”可知，前文指出了自我增强的缺点，后文提出接受自己的不完美，说明空处是在说明正确的解决办法。G选项中imperfection对应后文imperfections。故G选项“最好的方法是向自己强调，你在不完美中是正常的”符合语境，故选G。 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （23-24学年高二上·北京市通州区·期末） Einstein’s Opinions on Creative Thinking “The greatest scientists are artists as well,” said Albert Einstein, one of the greatest physicists and an amateur pianist and violinist. For Einstein, insight did not come from logic or mathematics. 1 “All great achievements of science must start from intuitive (直觉的) knowledge. Imagination is more important than knowledge.” 2 Surprisingly, it wasn’t the content of an idea, or its subject, that determined whether something was art or science, but how the idea was expressed. If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic, then it is science. If it is communicated and recognized intuitively, then it is art. 3 That’s why he said that great scientists were also artists. 4 “If I were not a physicist,” he once said, “I would probably be a musician. I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music. I get most joy in life out of music.” Music provided Einstein with a connection between time and space, which both combine spatial (空间的) and structural aspects. “The theory of relativity occurred to me by intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition,” said Einstein. “My parents had me study the violin from the time I was six. 5 ” A．But how did art differ from science for Einstein? B．Instead, it came from intrusion (直觉) and inspiration. C．My new discovery is the result of musical insight. D．There is no doubt that my theory was a great breakthrough then. E．Einstein himself worked intuitively and expressed himself logically. F．Einstein also owed his scientific insight and intuition mainly to music. G．For Einstein, it was the humanities that mainly contributed to his achievements. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．E 4．F 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了爱因斯坦关于创造性思维的观点。 1．上文“For Einstein, insight did not come from logic or mathematics. (对爱因斯坦来说，洞察力并非来自逻辑或数学)”并结合后文““All great achievements of science must start from intuitive (直觉的) knowledge. Imagination is more important than knowledge.”(“一切伟大的科学成就都必须从直觉知识开始。想象力比知识更重要。”)”可知，空处顺接前文，说明爱因斯坦认为洞察力应来自于直觉。B项“相反，它来自直觉和灵感。”符合语境。故选B。 2．下文“Surprisingly, it wasn’t the content of an idea, or its subject, that determined whether something was art or science, but how the idea was expressed. (令人惊讶的是，决定某件事是艺术还是科学的不是一个想法的内容或主题，而是这个想法是如何表达的)”说明决定某件事是艺术还是科学是根据想法是如何表达的。空处引出了下文关于艺术和科学的区别的论述。A项中“art differ from science”和下文的“whether something was art or science”相呼应，而A项的这个问题“但对爱因斯坦来说，艺术和科学有何不同？”正好引出本段的主题。故选A。 3．上文“If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic, then it is science. If it is communicated and recognized intuitively, then it is art.(如果所看到和经历的是用逻辑的语言描述的，那么这就是科学。如果它被直观地传达和识别，那么它就是艺术)”说明艺术和科学的不同。空处顺接上文，和下文形成因果关系。E项中的“worked intuitively and expressed himself logically” 和上文“看到和经历的是用逻辑的语言描述的就是科学，它被直观地传达和识别，那么它就是艺术”相呼应，表明爱因斯坦本人凭直觉工作，用逻辑表达自己，也是下文他被称为伟大的科学家也是艺术家的原因。故选E。 4．下文““If I were not a physicist,” he once said, “I would probably be a musician. I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music. I get most joy in life out of music.”(“如果我不是一名物理学家，”他曾说，“我可能会成为一名音乐家。我经常在音乐中思考，我从音乐中看待我的生活。我的生活中最快乐的部分来自音乐。”)”说明音乐对爱因斯坦帮助很大。F项“爱因斯坦的科学洞察力和直觉主要归功于音乐。”适合做本段的主旨句。故选F。 5．上文““The theory of relativity occurred to me by intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition,” said Einstein. (爱因斯坦说：“相对论是我凭直觉产生的，音乐是这种直觉背后的驱动力。”)”说明音乐对他的工作产生的积极影响。空处承接上文，说明了爱因斯坦是靠音乐才有了新发现，而且和本段音乐对他的帮助的主题相符合。C项“我的新发现是音乐洞察力的结果。”符合语境。故选C。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市朝阳区·期末） Every night, no matter how tired I am, I carve out at least 5 to 10 minutes for a quick lesson on my language learning app. I might not be fluent yet. 1 Learning a new language can be incredibly helpful for cognitive health, particularly as we age. This is because language learning engages a wide range of complex cognitive abilities. They include memory, attention, and problem-solving, which can help to create and strengthen connections in the brain. The benefits go beyond protecting the brain against the effects of aging. 2 We are all citizens of the world, and it’s important for us to stay connected with other cultures and people from different backgrounds. Of course, knowing the benefits doesn’t necessarily make the process easy. Time and devotion are two common challenges when it comes to learning a new language. But a big part of the reason why it’s so tough comes down to our self-consciousness. 3 Being scared to practise or embarrassed about making mistakes certainly doesn’t make it any easier! 4 Consistency is the key! Even just 5 to 10 minutes a day can help. Being exposed to and using the target language on a daily basis, even in small amounts, can significantly boost fluency. Besides, don’t just limit your daily learning to your lessons. 5 This can be done through media, such as movies and music, which helps to build listening skills and exposes the learner to the language being used in its natural context. Language learning is a gradual process. Embracing mistakes as part of the learning journey and staying motivated through setting achievable goals can make the experience both effective and enjoyable. A．This allows people to learn languages naturally and efficiently. B．But that’s exactly why learning a new language can be so beneficial. C．Experts also note that language learning can help promote social connections. D．It’s important to completely involve yourself in the language you want to acquire. E．However, according to the experts, my daily lessons have far-reaching significance. F．Feeling anxious can stand in the way of our progress when learning a new language. G．Fortunately, there are plenty of effective ways to achieve your language-learning goals. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．F 4．G 5．D 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习一门新的语言的好处。 1．根据空前“Every night, no matter how tired I am, I carve out at least 5 to 10 minutes for a quick lesson on my language learning app. I might not be fluent yet.(每天晚上，无论我多累，我都会在我的语言学习应用程序上抽出5到10分钟的时间快速上课。我可能还不够流利。)”可知，空前提到每天我都会抽出时间来学习语言，下文介绍了学习新的语言的好处，故E项“然而，据专家介绍，我每天的功课意义深远。”符合，与空前“我还不够流利”构成转折关系，且E项中的“my daily lessons”指代空前的“I carve out at least 5 to 10 minutes for a quick lesson”，故选E项。 2．根据空后“We are all citizens of the world, and it’s important for us to stay connected with other cultures and people from different backgrounds.(我们都是世界公民，与其他文化和不同背景的人保持联系对我们来说很重要。)”可知，空后提到了与其他文化和不同背景的人保持联系的重要性，故C项“专家们还指出，语言学习有助于促进社会关系。”符合，语言学习有助于促进社会关系，是因为我们作为世界公民，与其他文化和不同背景的人保持联系很重要，故选C项。 3．根据空前“But a big part of the reason why it’s so tough comes down to our self-consciousness.(但是它如此艰难的很大一部分原因归结于我们的自我意识。)”可知，空前提到学习新语言的困难的原因归结于我们的自我意识，故此处应具体介绍什么样的自我意识，故F项“学习一门新语言时，感到焦虑会阻碍我们的进步。”符合，具体介绍了焦虑这种自我意识阻碍了语言学习的进步，故选F项。 4．根据空后“Consistency is the key! Even just 5 to 10 minutes a day can help.(坚持是关键，即使每天5到10分钟也会有所帮助。)”可知，空后提出了具体方法，故G项“幸运地是，有很多有效的方法可以实现你的语言学习目标。”符合，引出后文的具体方法，故选G项。 5．根据空前“Besides, don’t just limit your daily learning to your lessons.(而且，不要把你日常学习局限于你的课程。)”可知，空前提到不要将日常学习局限于课程，故此空应提出应该如何做，故D项“让自己完全融入你想学的语言是很重要的。”符合，不要将学习局限于课程，要将自己完全融入想学的语言中，且空后的“This”指代本空提出的“让自己融入到想学的语言中”，故选D项。 Passage 2 （23-24学年高二上·北京市东城区·期末） Microgreen Farming Microgreens have been used in cooking since the 1980s. 1 Chefs now realize they also add flavor and visual appeal when included in all types of dishes and recipes. As with most vegetables, it all starts with seeds. But instead of allowing the plant to grow to its full potential, microgreens are created when the plant is harvested shortly after it starts to grow. The result is a strong flavor and an ingredient that packs a variety of nutrients and health benefits in a tiny, delicious package. The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry states that microgreens have increased levels of vitamins E, C and K. 2 One of the most significant benefits of using microgreens in dishes is that they provide an intense experience that will improve the overall flavor of any dish. Many chefs use them to add depth of flavor and to create complex flavor. Another benefit of microgreens is the convenience factor — they are incredibly easy to cook with! 3 You just put them onto your meals such as soups, sandwiches, salads, etc. Microgreens are the ultimate healthy convenience food! 4 It is usually ready for harvest in only 6-7 days and offers a spicy radish taste. The result is a dish that not only tastes wonderful but offers a visual appeal that satisfies the eyes and is incredibly nutritious! Traditional plants require an extended amount of time and large amounts of land. 5 They require very little physical effort and are ready for harvest in as little as one week. In addition, growing microgreens doesn’t require a lot of space, and is typically done indoors with a vertical setup. So why not give it a shot? A．Microgreens, on the other hand, are easy! B．They were initially used as a form of decoration. C．There is no prep and cutting work as with most vegetables. D．They have as much as 40 times more nutrients than a mature plant. E．One popular form of microgreens is a mix of purple and green radish. F．Some beginners like to start with a familiar plant, such as radish, cabbage, or peas. G．Mature traditional vegetables are generally harvested 2 to 4 months after they are planted. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．E 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微型蔬菜，介绍了其起源以及优点。 1．根据上文“Microgreens have been used in cooking since the 1980s.(自20世纪80年代以来，微型蔬菜就被用于烹饪)”以及后文“Chefs now realize they also add flavor and visual appeal when included in all types of dishes and recipes.(厨师们现在意识到，在所有类型的菜肴和食谱中加入它们也能增加风味和视觉吸引力)”可知，上文提到了微型蔬菜的使用时间，后文提到了现在用法的改变，可知本句是在说明最开始微型蔬菜的用法。故B选项“它们最初是作为一种装饰”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据上文“The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry states that microgreens have increased levels of vitamins E, C and K.(《农业与食品化学杂志》指出，微蔬菜增加了维生素E、C和K的含量)”可知，上文提到了微蔬菜增加了维生素E、C和K的含量，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文继续说明微蔬菜营养方面的情况。故D选项“它们的营养成分是成熟植物的40倍”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据后文“You just put them onto your meals such as soups, sandwiches, salads, etc. Microgreens are the ultimate healthy convenience food!(你只要把它们放在你的饭菜上，比如汤、三明治、沙拉等。微型蔬菜是最健康的方便食品！)”可知，后文提到只需要把微型蔬菜放在你的饭菜上就可以了，说明微型蔬菜不需要备菜，很方便。故C选项“不像大多数蔬菜那样需要准备和切菜”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据后文“It is usually ready for harvest in only 6-7 days and offers a spicy radish taste. The result is a dish that not only tastes wonderful but offers a visual appeal that satisfies the eyes and is incredibly nutritious!(它通常只需要6-7天就可以收获，有一种辛辣的萝卜味。结果是这道菜不仅味道鲜美，而且提供了满足眼睛的视觉吸引力，而且营养丰富！)”可知，后文提到了某种蔬菜有萝卜味，故本句为总起句，指出这种蔬菜是什么。故E选项“一种流行的微型蔬菜是紫色和绿色萝卜的混合物”符合语境，故选E。 5．根据后文“They require very little physical effort and are ready for harvest in as little as one week. In addition, growing microgreens doesn’t require a lot of space, and is typically done indoors with a vertical setup. So why not give it a shot?( 它们只需要很少的体力劳动，一周后就可以收获。此外，种植微型蔬菜不需要太多的空间，通常在室内进行垂直设置。所以为什么不试试呢？)”主要说明了微型蔬菜只需要很少的体力劳动，不需要太多的空间，这些都是其方便的特性。故A选项“另一方面，微型蔬菜很容易！”符合语境，故选A。 Passage 3 （23-24学年高二上·北京市朝阳区·期末） For many American high school seniors and their families, May 1 is “National College Decision Day,” when students make a decision about their academic future. 1 According to a recent survey, more than half of Americans don’t even think college is worth the cost. This is upsetting, as completing college is as important as ever. 2 Even in today’s competitive labor market, college graduates find work much easier and tend to command significantly higher incomes. The unemployment rate for those with a bachelor’s degree or greater is currently half that of those with a high school degree. This college income advantage is due to technological advances like the personal computer and the Internet, which have caused a huge demand for skilled workers. The rapid advances today in automation and artificial intelligence will further increase the need for a highly skilled workforce. 3 It is understandable why many students and families suspect that college is no longer “worth it.” College tuition has been rising for years, and many students fear being burdened with loans after graduation. But in fact, the net price of a four-year college, which is what students pay after financial aid, has been falling since 2018 and is now lower than it was in 2006. 4 In other words, the investment paid off. To make smart decisions about where to go and what to study, students and parents can make use of resources available today to make informed choices. 5 With these resources, students can gain a reasonable picture of what their future holds down each potential path. A．To acquire these advanced skills, college remains the surest path. B．However, recent years have seen a sharp drop in college registration. C．These attitudes are also reflected in the actions of the youngest generation. D．Higher education must make college pricing clear to would-be college-goers. E．Huge data shows a college degree actually gives graduates economic advantages. F．Furthermore, students in debt were more likely to finish their degrees and earn more later. G．For example, tools like College Scorecard offer graduation rates and future earnings across schools. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章认为完成大学学业和以往一样重要，大学学位可以给毕业生带来经济优势，而且很多学生和家长担心的债务问题实际上可以在学生毕业后得以解决，他们可以借助现有的资源明智地选择大学和专业。 1．前文“For many American high school seniors and their families, May 1 is “National College Decision Day,” when students make a decision about their academic future. (对许多美国高中毕业生和他们的家人来说，5月1日是“全国大学决定日”，学生们在这一天对自己的学业未来做出决定)”引出美国高中毕业生选择大学的话题，后文“According to a recent survey, more than half of Americans don’t even think college is worth the cost. (根据最近的一项调查，超过一半的美国人甚至认为上大学不值这个钱)”指出很多美国人不再选择上大学，因此B项“However, recent years have seen a sharp drop in college registration. (然而，近年来大学注册人数急剧下降)”符合语境，说明上大学人数减少的情况，和前文形成转折，后文是对选项内容的进一步说明。故选B。 2．空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。根据后文“Even in today’s competitive labor market, college graduates find work much easier and tend to command significantly higher incomes. The unemployment rate for those with a bachelor’s degree or greater is currently half that of those with a high school degree. (即使在当今竞争激烈的劳动力市场上，大学毕业生也更容易找到工作，而且往往能获得高得多的收入。目前，拥有学士学位或更高学位的人的失业率是拥有高中学位的人的一半)”可知，本段主要介绍拥有大学学位在就业方面的优势，因此E项“Huge data shows a college degree actually gives graduates economic advantages. (大量数据显示，大学学位实际上给毕业生带来了经济优势)”符合语境，点明大学学位带来经济优势，契合段落内容。故选E。 3．前文“The rapid advances today in automation and artificial intelligence will further increase the need for a highly skilled workforce. (当今自动化和人工智能的快速发展将进一步增加对高技能劳动力的需求)”说明当前社会发展对高技能劳动力的需求，因此A项“To acquire these advanced skills, college remains the surest path. (要获得这些高级技能，大学仍然是最可靠的途径)”符合语境，指出大学可以帮助获得这些高级技能，承接前文。故选A。 4．前文“But in fact, the net price of a four-year college, which is what students pay after financial aid, has been falling since 2018 and is now lower than it was in 2006. (但事实上，四年制大学的净学费，即学生在获得经济援助后支付的费用，自2018年以来一直在下降，现在比2006年还低)”指出大学的净学费实际上有所下降，后文“In other words, the investment paid off. (换句话说，投资得到了回报)”对空处的内容进行了简要概括，说明大学投资有回报，因此F项“Furthermore, students in debt were more likely to finish their degrees and earn more later. (此外，有债务的学生更有可能完成学位并在以后赚得更多)”符合语境，指出债务可以激励大学生完成学位、获得更高收入，承接前文，契合后文的概括。故选F。 5．前文“To make smart decisions about where to go and what to study, students and parents can make use of resources available today to make informed choices. (为了做出明智的决定，去哪里和学什么，学生和家长可以利用现有的资源在知情的情况下做出选择)”建议学生和家长利用现有资源去选择，因此G项“For example, tools like College Scorecard offer graduation rates and future earnings across schools. (例如，像大学记分卡这样的工具可以提供各个学校的毕业率和未来收入)”符合语境，举出一个具体的可使用的资源，承接前文。故选G。 主题03 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市海淀区·期末） Very few things in nature are as contagious (传染性的) as a virus. That’s why we take precautions, because no one wants to catch it. But there is something more contagious than a virus. 1 Like a virus, emotional contagion works invisibly, and often unconsciously. Our amygdalae (杏仁核) are highly sensitive to emotional signals, especially negative ones. They catch emotional meaning microseconds before our conscious minds are aware of what we’re looking at. That’s why we can quickly develop a vague sense of happiness or sadness from an encounter, before realizing why. 1 You can infect someone half a world away, whether they’re reading your email, hearing your voice, or seeing you on a Zoom call. So what does this mean to you? Depending on whether you have a good attitude or a bad one, you either prevent its spread or encourage it. If you go into a call with a customer with discouragement or desperation, you will infect them with your attitude. If you go into a call with the confidence in your ability to help them, you will also infect them. It’s especially important if you’re a leader since everyone pays great attention to everything you say and do. So what should we do? Take active control of your emotional state. 1 Be mindful; look inside yourself and name the emotion you are feeling. It’s called labeling, and this simple act places your executive functions back in control. If the emotion you’ re feeling is not the one you wish to portray during this next conversation or meeting, try to change it. If that’s too difficult, at least try to pretend you’re feeling good. 2 Our minds often read signals from our bodies, so “fake it till you make it” is actually sound advice. Emotional contagion works both ways, so you also have to guard against catching others’ negative attitudes. Again, it begins with self-awareness. If you have a good handle on your internal feelings, you can counteract other’s negative influences on you. In the end, it is all about personal responsibility. There is enough negativity spreading around, and we can’t control all of it. 1 Let’s be contagious in a positive way! A．Unlike a real virus, distance is no protection. B．No one can guarantee to stay positive all the time. C．It’s your attitude, or more precisely, your emotional state. D．Self-awareness is like a vaccine against emotional contagion. E．But we can each determine to avoid being part of the problem. F．Put on a smile, lift your chin, and add some enthusiasm in your voice. G．Here is an explanation of how one’s emotional state is more contagious than a virus. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．F 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人与人之间的情绪会相互传染，人们应该保持积极的心态，避免消极情绪的传播。 1．根据上文“Very few things in nature are as contagious (传染性的) as a virus. That’s why we take precautions, because no one wants to catch it. But there is something more contagious than a virus.( 自然界中很少有东西像病毒一样具有传染性。这就是我们采取预防措施的原因，因为没人想感染它。但有一种东西比病毒更具传染性。)”可知，前文提到很少有东西像病毒一样有传染性，但有比病毒更具传染性的东西，C选项“It’s your attitude, or more precisely, your emotional state.( 是你的态度，或者更确切地说，你的情绪状态。)”可知，指出了比病毒更具传染性的是态度或情绪状态，承接上文。故选C项。 2．根据下文“You can infect someone half a world away, whether they’re reading your email, hearing your voice, or seeing you on a Zoom call.( 你可以感染半个世界之外的人，无论他们是在阅读你的电子邮件、听到你的声音，还是在Zoom通话中看到你。)”说明情绪传染不受距离限制。A 选项“Unlike a real virus, distance is no protection.( 与真正的病毒不同，距离无法起到防护作用。)”可知，与后文内容相呼应，上下文紧密连接。故选A项。 3．根据上文“Take active control of your emotional state.( 积极控制你的情绪状态。)”以及后文“Be mindful; look inside yourself and name the emotion you are feeling. It’s called labeling, and this simple act places your executive functions back in control.( 要留心；审视自己，说出你所感受到的情绪。这叫做标记，这个简单的行为能让你的执行功能重新掌控局面。)”可知，强调了自我意识对控制情绪的作用。D选项“Self-awareness is like a vaccine against emotional contagion.( 自我意识就像对抗情绪传染的疫苗。)”符合语境，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选D项。 4．根据上文“If that’s too difficult, at least try to pretend you’re feeling good.( 如果那太难了，至少试着假装你感觉良好。)”以及后文“Our minds often read signals from our bodies, so “fake it till you make it” is actually sound advice.( 我们的大脑经常会解读来自身体的信号，所以 “先假装，直到成功”实际上是合理的建议。)”可知，描述了假装感觉，F 选项“Put on a smile, lift your chin, and add some enthusiasm in your voice.( 露出微笑，抬起下巴，在你的声音中加入一些热情。)”是对假装感觉良好的具体做法的描述，符合语境。故选F项。 5．根据上文“There is enough negativity spreading around, and we can’t control all of it.( 周围有足够多的负面情绪在传播，而我们无法控制所有的负面情绪。)”以及后文“Let’s be contagious in a positive way!( 让我们以积极的方式具有感染力吧！)”可知，周围有很多负面情绪在传播，但是我们可以避免，以积极的方式具有感染力，E选项“But we can each determine to avoid being part of the problem.( 但我们每个人都可以决定避免成为问题的一部分。)”起到承上启下的作用，说明虽然不能控制所有负面情绪，但我们可以决定不传播负面情绪，以积极的方式影响他人。故选E项。 Passage 2 （23-24学年高二上·北京市房山区·期末） Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer. 1 In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practised patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks we can learn to improve patience. 1 . Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more positive. 2 “Showing thankfulness can develop self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. A simple gratitude exercise can help us practise patience. We’ll take it! You should make yourself wait. Immediate gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practise. Start with small tasks. 3 Wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practise, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations. It is important to accept the uncomfortable. So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate (容忍), and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. 4 You should learn to say to yourself, “This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable.” You’ll then gradually become more patient. A．You’d better find the causes. B．You’d better practise gratitude. C．All this adds up to a state of relaxation. D．It can also help us practise more patience. E．Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend. F．They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience. G．But we need to become comfortable with the uncomfortable to develop a little more patience. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．D 4．E 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助我们练习耐心。 1．根据上文内容“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个。)”以及下文“However, research suggests that if we practised patience, we’d be a whole lot better off.(然而，研究表明，如果我们练习耐心，我们的情况会好得多。)”可知，空处应该提到耐心。选项F“They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience.(在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心。)”既承接上文，回答了上文的问题；同时也引出本文的主题。故选F。 2．根据空后的“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more positive.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更积极。)”可知，空处指的是练习耐心的第一个技巧是感恩。选项B“You’d better practise gratitude.(你最好学会感恩。)”与下文内容一致，指的是我们要学会感恩。故选B。 3．根据下文内容““Showing thankfulness can develop self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. A simple gratitude exercise can help us practise patience.(加利福尼亚大学的研究人员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”一个简单的感恩练习可以帮助我们练习耐心。)”可知，感激练习可以帮助我们练习耐心。选项D“It can also help us practise more patience.(它也可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。)”与下文内容一致，指的是感恩练习可以帮助我们练习耐心。故选D。 4．根据空前内容“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practise. Start with small tasks.(我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习。从小任务开始。)”可知，作者认为学会等待的方法就是练习，从小任务开始练习。选项E“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend.(把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末看。)”与上文内容一致，指的是从小任务开始练习等待。故选E。 5．根据上文“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate (容忍), and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances.(我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能忍受的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们就会对环境失去耐心。)”可知，我们一旦不舒适就会对环境失去耐心。而空后“You should learn to say to yourself, “This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable.”(你应该学会对自己说：“这只是不舒服，不是无法忍受。”)”可知，我们需要接受不舒服。选项G“But we need to become comfortable with the uncomfortable to develop a little more patience.(但是我们需要适应不舒服的环境，这样才能发展得更好。)”承上启下，承接上文的不舒服环境，同时引出下文我们要学会接受不舒服的环境。故选G。 主题04 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市平谷区·期末） Music is one of the most enjoyable human experiences. Music is an ever-present companion to people’s everyday lives. 1 We listen to music and experience emotions in the absence of any events causing us to feel joy, sadness, or excitement. Over the past several decades, scholars have proposed several purposes that listening to music might fulfill. The key reason people listen to music lies in the reward center of the brain. Listening to pleasurable music activates areas of the reward system. Musical pleasure arises when a pattern is interrupted in some way. Listeners experience strong emotions when something unexpected happens. 2 About 2 percent of the general population don’t feel this way. This inability to get pleasure specifically from music has been called tone-deafness. 3 Music distracts our minds from the outside world. The use of music as background entertainment serves to get us into a positive mood or to become more alert. Music can relax the body because brain waves are able to go with the rhythm of a song. People’s moods can reflect what they choose to listen to. Fast or energetic music may make people feel alert and pumped, while slow music calms them down. Music is also one of the strongest means for arousing feelings of nostalgia (怀旧). Listening to music that was played a lot during a significant life event (e. g., a family celebration) many years ago can trigger a deeply nostalgic emotional experience. 4 Maybe we have just come to hear a particular song as sad because we have learned to associate it with an experience of loss. People can use music to express their identity and values to others. Music helps us to show that we belong to a given social group. For example, listening to innovative music can serve to communicate the belief that one is creative and unconventional. 5 A．So music is part of who we are. B．Music provides a means of escape. C．We use music to connect with our inner selves. D．Music can serve as a reminder to show brain waves E．The feeling is not the music, but in what it reminds us. F．Music can change our mood, emotions, motivation, and movement. G．However, not everyone experiences intense emotional responses to music. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．B 4．E 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了音乐在人类生活中所扮演的角色以及人们听音乐的原因。 1．根据上文“Music is an ever-present companion to people’s everyday lives.(音乐是人们日常生活中无处不在的伴侣。)”和下文“We listen to music and experience emotions in the absence of any events causing us to feel joy, sadness, or excitement.(我们在没有任何事件让我们感到快乐、悲伤或兴奋的情况下听音乐并体验情感。)”可知，上下文都在说明音乐与人们的日常生活和情感紧密相连，由此可推测，本空应承接上文，继续说明音乐在人们生活中的作用或影响。选项F“音乐可以改变我们的情绪、动机和行动”符合语境，且与下文提到的听音乐时的情感体验相呼应。故选F。 2．根据上文“Listeners experience strong emotions when something unexpected happens.(当发生意想不到的事情时，听众会体验到强烈的情感。)”和下文“About 2 percent of the general population don’t feel this way.(大约2%的普通人并没有这种感觉。)”可知，上下文之间存在转折关系，即大多数人会对音乐产生强烈的情感反应，但有一小部分人并不会这样。选项G“然而，并不是每个人都对音乐有强烈的情感反应”起到了承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选G。 3．根据下文“Music distracts our minds from the outside world. The use of music as background entertainment serves to get us into a positive mood or to become more alert.(音乐使我们的思绪从外界分散开来。把音乐作为背景娱乐可以让我们心情愉悦或变得更加警觉。)”可知，下文说明音乐可以帮助人们逃离现实，放松心情或提高警觉性。选项B“音乐提供了一种逃避的方式”能够概括下文内容，且与下文中的“distracts our minds from the outside world”相呼应。故选B。 4．根据上文“Listening to music that was played a lot during a significant life event (e. g., a family celebration) many years ago can trigger a deeply nostalgic emotional experience.(听很多年前在重大人生事件（如家庭庆祝活动）中经常播放的音乐，可以引发一种深深的怀旧情感体验。)”可知，上文说明了音乐可以触发人们的怀旧情感，由此可推测，本空应进一步解释这种怀旧情感产生的原因。选项E“这种感觉不是来自音乐，而是来自它让我们想起了什么”符合语境，解释了为什么听音乐会引发怀旧情感。故选E。 5．根据上文“People can use music to express their identity and values to others. Music helps us to show that we belong to a given social group. For example, listening to innovative music can serve to communicate the belief that one is creative and unconventional.(人们可以用音乐向他人表达自己的身份和价值观。音乐有助于我们表明自己属于某个特定的社会群体。例如，听创新的音乐可以传达出一个人富有创造力和不拘一格的信念。)”可知，上文说明音乐是人们表达自我和身份认同的一种方式，由此可推测，本空应总结上文，强调音乐与人们身份认同的关系。选项A“所以音乐是我们的一部分”符合语境，总结了音乐在人们生活中的重要作用。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京市延庆区·期末） Saving the environment might seem like a tall order, but living an environmentally friendly life is actually quite easy. With just a few small lifestyle changes, you can make a difference. 1 Recycle. Recycling is a simplest lifestyle to lower the amount of environmental waste. 1 Check the regulations to ensure you use them properly. For instance, some places may not accept glass, while others might require you to separate the different materials. If you dispose of something improperly, the whole load will likely be rejected and end up in a landfill. Buy locally sourced foods. 1 Shipping products by truck, rail, flight, or boat creates pollution and goes against an environmentally friendly lifestyle. Instead, shop at local farmers’ markets and grocery stores stocking locally-sourced products. Alternatively, use community - supported services to get fresh produce regularly. Cut back on driving. Applying alternate forms of transportation consumes less gasoline. Walk or ride a bike whenever possible. If that isn’t an option, consider organizing carpools or using public transportation. 1 Also, combine multiple trips into one to help minimize the distance traveled and fuel consumed. 2 Advocacy allows more people to create a positive impact. Spread the word about environmental conservation by sharing some of the lifestyle changes you’ve made on social media and in conversations with people around, calling on everybody to play a role. A．Cut back your carbon footprint. B．Encourage others to help save the environment. C．By doing this, you help reduce traffic jams and the overall amount of gasoline consumption. D．Every resident can get involved by taking advantage of nearby recycling services. E．The topic of preserving natural resources entertains everyone. F．Eating fresh, local food consumes less fuel and packaging materials. G．Read on for some practical tips on how a single individual can help save the environment. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．F 4．C 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就个人如何帮助拯救环境提出了一些建议。 1．根据上文“Saving the environment might seem like a tall order, but living an environmentally friendly life is actually quite easy. With just a few small lifestyle changes, you can make a difference.(拯救环境似乎是一项艰巨的任务，但过一种环保的生活其实很容易。只要改变一些小的生活方式，你就能有所作为)”结合后文主要提出了一些环境保护的建议。故G选项“继续读下去，你会得到一些关于个人如何帮助拯救环境的实用建议。”符合语境，故选G。 2．根据后文“Check the regulations to ensure you use them properly. For instance, some places may not accept glass, while others might require you to separate the different materials. If you dispose of something improperly, the whole load will likely be rejected and end up in a landfill.(检查规则，确保你正确使用它们。例如，有些地方可能不接受玻璃，而另一些地方可能要求你把不同的材料分开。如果你处理不当的东西，整个负载可能会被拒绝，并最终在垃圾填埋场)”可知，后文主要介绍了如何利用附近的回收服务。故D选项“每个居民都可以利用附近的回收服务”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据标题“Buy locally sourced foods.(购买当地的食物)”以及后文“Shipping products by truck, rail, flight, or boat creates pollution and goes against an environmentally friendly lifestyle. Instead, shop at local farmers’ markets and grocery stores stocking locally-sourced products. Alternatively, use community - supported services to get fresh produce regularly. (通过卡车、铁路、飞机或船只运输产品会造成污染，违背环保的生活方式。相反，在当地的农贸市场和杂货店购买当地采购的产品。或者，使用社区支持的服务定期获取新鲜农产品)”可知，本段的主旨是吃当地的食物，F选项中local对应标题locally。故F选项“吃新鲜的当地食物消耗更少的燃料和包装材料”符合语境，故选F。 4．根据上文“Applying alternate forms of transportation consumes less gasoline. Walk or ride a bike whenever possible. If that isn’t an option, consider organizing carpools or using public transportation.(采用替代的交通方式消耗较少的汽油。尽可能步行或骑自行车。如果没有办法，可以考虑拼车或使用公共交通工具)”可知，本句承接上文，说明选择拼车或公共交通的作用。故C选项“通过这样做，你可以帮助减少交通堵塞和汽油消耗总量”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据本段内容“Advocacy allows more people to create a positive impact. Spread the word about environmental conservation by sharing some of the lifestyle changes you’ve made on social media and in conversations with people around, calling on everybody to play a role.(倡导让更多的人产生积极的影响。通过在社交媒体和与周围人的对话中分享你所做的一些生活方式的改变来传播环境保护的信息，呼吁每个人都发挥作用)”可知，本段的主旨是鼓励他人加入到保护环境活动中。故B选项“鼓励他人帮助拯救环境”符合语境，故选B。 Passage 3 （23-24学年高二上·北京市昌平区·期末） Social media does have its shortcomings, and one of those is that it can often seem like everybody is living and winning big — except you. 1   But the reality is that these people go through struggles just like everybody else. Nobody’s life is perfect all the time. We all go through life’s hardships, failure, and pain. Picture perfect moments do exist, but they exist amongst the real-life terrible moments. 2 Someone could have +1000 likes on their pictures or a million views on their videos and still be unhappy. 3 There are people with only 10 likes but having plenty of friends, and people with +1000 likes that are lonely, depressed, in fed up relationships and have no real friends. There are couples that appear happy on social media but behind those photos, they suffer a lot in relationships. 4 Things aren’t always what they appear to be. You don’t know what some people go through to come out with the fantastic pictures you envy. The real key players mostly operate behind the scenes but make the most happen. They may look like nobody but they are building their kingdoms while others are getting high on likes and attention. Success is not what is presented on social media. 5 Be yourself and never give up on yourself. Don’t compare yourself to others. The real champions of social media are those who add value to others, not the ones who show their lifestyle to impress others. A．Those ones don’t get documented. B．Some even think it’s a complete show-off. C．Being popular on social media is not everything. D．Self-worth is determined by the number of likes one gets. E．There are couples who post nothing but are in loving relationship. F．It takes tears, sleepless nights, and loads of failure to make it in life. G．You are always flooded with strangers’ images that show the life you long for. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．C 4．E 5．F 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章阐述了社交媒体上的晒出的成功画面未必就是真正的成功，真正的成功需要无数的失败做铺垫，鼓励人们做好自己，永远不要放弃。 1．下文“But the reality is that these people go through struggles just like everybody else. Nobody’s life is perfect all the time. We all go through life’s hardships, failure, and pain. (但现实是，这些人和其他人一样经历着挣扎。没有人的生活总是完美的。我们都会经历生活中的艰难、失败和痛苦。)”转折的语义说明这些人也一样过着并不完美的生活，但是他们晒在社交媒体上的照片却都是完美的。选项G“你总是被陌生人的照片淹没，这些照片展示了你所渴望的生活。”引领下文，和下文之间是转折关系。故选G项。 2．上文“Picture perfect moments do exist, but they exist amongst the real-life terrible moments. (画面上的完美时刻确实存在，但困难的时刻也存在于现实生活中。)”说明他们现实生活中也有困难时刻，选项A“那些没有被记录。”承接上文，解释他们只发表完美时刻的原因，是因为困难时刻没有被记录。故选A项。 3．上文“Someone could have +1000 likes on their pictures or a million views on their videos and still be unhappy. (有些人的照片有1000个赞，视频有100万次观看，但他仍然不开心。)”和下文“There are people with only 10 likes but having plenty of friends, and people with +1000 likes that are lonely, depressed, in fed up relationships and have no real friends.(有些人只有10个赞，但有很多朋友；有些人有1000个赞，但他们很孤独，很沮丧，恋爱关系不愉快，没有真正的朋友。)”说明在社交媒体上受欢迎的程度并不能和幸福快乐成正比，选项C“在社交媒体上受欢迎并不是一切。”承上启下，说明社交媒体上受欢迎不能说明一切。故选C项。 4．上文“There are couples that appear happy on social media but behind those photos, they suffer a lot in relationships. (有些情侣在社交媒体上看起来很幸福，但在这些照片背后，他们在感情中遭受了很多痛苦。)”说明有些情侣照片上幸福未必真正幸福，选项E“有些情侣什么都不发，但他们很相爱。”对应上文，说明有些情侣没有照片，但也很幸福。故选E项。 5．上文“Success is not what is presented on social media. (成功不是在社交媒体上展示出来的。)”说明成功不是展示出来的，选项F“人生的成功需要泪水、不眠之夜和无数的失败。”承接上文，说明成功真正的来源是什么。选项中make it和上文Success语义一致，故选F项。 Passage 4 （23-24学年高二上·北京市怀柔区·期末） Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways. 1 Second,  your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest. You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. 2 Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. 3 The following methods may work best for you. ·Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it. Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts. Write your notes in your own words. · 1 Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written. As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand (速记). When you do,  be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. 1 A．Use words not complete sentences. B．There are three practical note-taking methods. C．You must write your notes on separate paper. D．Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later. E．You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes. F．That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes. G．First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．F 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几条记笔记的建议。 1．空前“Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways.(记好笔记是一项节省时间的技能，它将在几个方面帮助你成为一个更好的学生。)”说明记笔记有很多好处，由后面second, third可判断，空格处应该填的是第一方面，即first，G选项“First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.(首先，把东西写下来这个简单的行为会让你更容易理解和记住它。)”说明是第一方面，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 2．根据下文“Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.(无论何时以何种方式记笔记，记住记笔记是一个选择性的过程。)”以及前一句“You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report.(在课堂讨论、阅读教科书或为报告做研究时，你会想要做笔记。)”可知，前一句已经说到了什么时候想要记笔记，那这里就该说用什么方式去记，这样就和下文“不管什么时候或用什么方式去记笔记”连贯起来了，E选项“You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.(你也会想要发展自己记笔记的方法。)”说明了你想要有自己的记笔记的方法，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选E。 3．这里是对前一句话的解释。根据前一句话“Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.(无论何时以何种方式记笔记，记住记笔记是一个选择性的过程。)”说明记笔记是选择性的过程，也就是你得知道哪些重要，该记下来，哪些不用记下来，F选项“That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.(这意味着你必须首先决定什么是重要的，要写进你的笔记。)”说明了你要决定记什么，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选F。 4．这里介绍的是可能最适合你的记笔记的几种方法。空前“Write your notes in your own words.(用你自己的话写笔记。)”是一种方法，空后“Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.(记下你对所说或所写内容的任何问题或想法。)”也是一种方法，空格处也应该是方法，用动词原形表示，A项“Use words not complete sentences.(使用单词而不是完整的句子。)”说的是如何记笔记的方法，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选A。 5．根据上文“As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand (速记). When you do,   be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time.(当你记笔记时，你可能想要使用你自己的速记法。当你这样做的时候，确保你理解了你的符号，并且你一直在使用它们。)”可知，在你记笔记的时候，你可能会用速记的方式。一定要注意，要确保你以后还能看懂你用的速记符号，并且一直这样用，否则的话，以后你可能就看不懂你记的笔记了，D选项“Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.(否则，你以后可能无法阅读你的笔记。)”说明了你以后可能无法阅读你的笔记，承接上文的“be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time”，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 5 （23-24学年高二上·北京市延庆区·期末） Why Boundaries at Work Are Essential What is a boundary, you ask? A boundary is a limit defining you in relation to someone or something. 1 If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries. Letting co-workers know you are not comfortable shaking their hands or hugging them at a holiday party, especially with Covid at this time, is another example of setting a physical boundary. It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler(更微妙的). 2 Emotional boundaries are related to our feelings and how something or someone’s behavior affects us. For example, if a boss treats you disrespectfully by yelling at you or a colleague frequently interrupts you in meetings, you are likely to feel hurt, embarrassed, and perhaps angry. Understandably, by having a courageous conversation with both your boss and co-worker about their behavior, the impact it has on you, and your expectations regarding future behavior, you are setting healthy emotional boundaries for yourself at work. Sometimes we set a boundary that is a combination of both a physical and emotional one. 1 One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday. Often, the above workplace demands lead to increased stress and a high potential for burnout over time. Mental boundaries are related to our beliefs, values, cultural norms, ethics(道德), and standards. For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent(始终如一的)with this. 2 Over time, this may lead to significant stress and physical symptoms within. 3 . Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards. Learning the skill of boundary setting helps empower us to prioritize our values and well-being and better manage our stress. Identifying, setting, and maintaining boundaries are skills valuable skills that, unfortunately, we are often not taught in school or the workplace. A．Why are boundaries important? B．However, they are equally, if not more, important. C．Therefore, we need to tell the difference between them. D．Setting a boundary in the above example may be quite helpful. E．Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible. F．Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time. G．Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal discomfort, even conflict. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．F 4．G 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了工作场所中设置界限的重要性，包括身体界限、情感界限和心理界限，以及这些界限如何影响工作满意度和员工健康。 1．根据空前内容“What is a boundary, you ask? A boundary is a limit defining you in relation to someone or something.(你可能会问，什么是界限？界限是定义你与某人或某事之间关系的界限。)”可知，上文引入概念界限。选项E“Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible.(界限可以是身体上的、精神上的、情感上的、有形的或无形的。)”对界限进行了分类。与下文“If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries.(如果你告诉别人这是你的办公空间，你的桌子，或者你的椅子，你已经试图设置物理边界。)”内容一致，故选E。 2．根据上文“It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler(更微妙的).(物理边界通常更容易理解。情感或精神上的界限可能更微妙。)”可知，上文提到了物理界限和精神上的界限。选项B“However, they are equally, if not more, important.(然而，它们同样重要，如果不是谁更重要的话。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是两种界限同样重要。故选B。 3．根据空后内容“One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday. Often, the above workplace demands lead to increased stress and a high potential for burnout over time. (这方面的一个例子是在周末或假期被反复要求工作到很晚。另一个例子是被要求看太多的客户或病人，以至于我们在一天结束时感到疲倦，到周五就筋疲力尽了。通常，以上工作场所的要求会导致压力增加，并且随着时间的推移，很有可能会精疲力竭。)”可知，下文讲述的是我们会被要求做一些超出我们能力范围的事情。选项F“Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time. (这种界限通常包括在很长一段时间内被要求做超出我们能力范围的事情。)”与下文内容相一致，指的都是我们被要求做超出我们能力范围的事情。故选F。 4．根据上文内容“For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent(始终如一的)with this.(例如，你看重一种尊重员工和客户、尊重尊严、道德行事的职场文化。六个月后，你意识到公司领导一再以与此不一致的方式行事。)”以及常识可知，当个人价值观和公司不一致时，可能就会有冲突。选项G“Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal discomfort, even conflict.(你的价值观和道德标准与公司不一致，这可能会导致内部不适，甚至冲突。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是当你的价值观和道德标准与公司不一致，这可能会导致内部不适，甚至冲突。故选G。 5．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards. Learning the skill of boundary setting helps empower us to prioritize our values and well-being and better manage our stress. Identifying, setting, and maintaining boundaries are skills valuable skills that, unfortunately, we are often not taught in school or the workplace. (边界有很多功能。他们帮助保护我们，明确我们的责任，保持我们的身体和情感能量，并实践我们的价值观和标准。学习设定界限的技能有助于我们优先考虑我们的价值观和幸福，更好地管理我们的压力。识别、设定和保持界限是很有价值的技能，不幸的是，我们在学校或工作场所往往没有学到这些技能。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是界限的重要性。选项A“Why are boundaries important?(为什么界限很重要？)”可以统领本段内容。故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 七选五 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市大兴区·期末） “Money can’t buy you happiness” is either a well-known piece of folk wisdom, or a tired cliché (陈词滥调). Is it right, though? Scientifically speaking, the answer is mixed. A recent study carried out at the University of Bath has once again looked at the relationship between income and happiness. It seems that, up to a point and within a specific set of circumstances, money can buy happiness. 1 What makes us happy? At the most fundamental level, the things that make us happy are those that satisfy our basic biological needs. 2 Our brain recognizes these things as being “biologically significant”. If we obtain them, we experience a sense of happiness. However, this doesn’t mean “more money” automatically means “more happiness”. Money may be recognized by our brains as biologically significant, but there is an upper limit on how rewarding even biologically significant things can be. For example, eating food can often be pleasurable, but at some point, you’ll be sated (过饱的) after which point eating more causes actual discomfort. 3 Build too many barriers around yourself and you will end up feeling isolated. There’s also the phenomenon of habituation where the fundamental parts of our brains learn not to react to things that occur predictably and reliably. This is why things that are surprising and unexpected are often more rewarding than familiar things. 4 Receiving your regular pay is reassuring, but receiving money unexpectedly, even if it’s a far smaller sum, often makes you much happier. Also, when we actively need it for our survival, obtaining money is very rewarding. Once we go beyond that point, in other words, once we’re “financially secure”, its power to make us happy is significantly reduced. 5 A．In many cases, the same thing happens with money. B．This ultimately means money’s link to happiness is more indirect. C．The same goes for drinking and even for things like shelter and security. D．It might be better to consider that money can buy you safety and security. E．We humans need many things to ensure our survival, like food, water and security. F．But beyond that, the relationship between money and happiness becomes more uncertain. G．Instead, more psychological stimulation like travelling has a greater ability to make us happy. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京市东城区·期末） One of the major problems for scientists lies in communicating the value of research to the general public. 1 In order to communicate new scientific developments effectively, universities and research institutes now try to make press releases user-friendly. These press releases are targeted d to the general public, including information about risk as well as the limitations of a particular science study. The development of blogs has helped in bringing science closer to the public. Science bloggers generally focus on areas of science that they are both passionate and knowledgeable about. 2 And it is this that perhaps most attracts members of the public. Ed’s Popular Science, for instance, is filled d with the writer’s passion and down-to-earth attitude towards science. His chatty, youthful style attracts a wide range of readers. 3 Early pioneers include Jacques Cousteau, whose beautifully filmed documentaries opened up the oceans to millions. This quickly realised the potential of TV to make science come alive for viewers. Other science documentary films, such as the BBC TV series Wonders of the Solar System, have eagerly followed suit. 4 For example, scientists are offered video services to create online presentations of their research. Nevertheless, despite this progress, communication still remains one of science’s biggest problems. Some scientists often underestimate the importance of the ability to understand and effectively use various forms of media. 5 Perhaps it is time that universities addressed this problem, and thought about adding communications training to the curriculum. A．Television has also boosted the image of science. B．This brings science into the field of popular culture. C．They often write about science in an accessible, lively manner. D．The power of visual media via the Internet has also been used. E．There is a tendency among scientists towards old-fashioned research approach. F．Consequently, public attention and support for their research may be missed out. G．Scientific organisations have come a long way in developing ways to make science more accessible to non-specialist groups. 主题02 人与社会——文学、艺术与体育 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市房山区·期末） Whether you were once much more physically active or have never been a regular exerciser, now is a great time to start. Keeping fit is important for everyone. There are endless forms of exercise. 1 The division is based on what each calls upon your body to do, and how the movement benefits you. 2 Although most aerobic exercises require you to move your whole body, the main focus is on your heart and lungs. Activities like walking, swimming, dancing and cycling, if done at sufficient intensity, get you to breathe faster and your heart to work harder Aerobic exercises—burn fat and lower blood sugar. Strength training should be performed two or three times a week. Some suitable exercises include squats, push-ups and exercises performed on resistance machines or using weights or bands. 3 Stretching exercises keep your muscles and tendons flexible, preserve your posture, and improve mobility. Stretching can be done every day. Balance exercises call on various systems to help you stay upright and oriented, such as vision, muscles, and joints. 1 Some people may wonder how much exercise is appropriate. 2 For example, your current fitness level, your strength, flexibility and balance, and your fitness goals. A．Experts divide physical activity into four broad types. B．Aerobic exercise is marked by an increased heart rate. C．Regular aerobic exercise can help keep your mind sharp. D．Many people think that tai chi and yoga are great choices. E．They can help keep your bones strong and build your muscle mass and strength. F．In fact, the amount of exercise you should be getting depends on several factors. G．As more people engage in sports, there is a growing demand for facilities and services. 主题03 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （23-24学年高二上·北京市丰台区·期末） Bingo has been a beloved game for generations, and for good reason. 1 Whether you’re looking for a way to spend some quality time with friends and family, or you’re just looking for a fun activity to do at home, hosting your own bingo party is a great option. 2 First, up are the bingo cards. You can either choose to create your own bingo cards or use pre-made ones available online. You’ll also need bingo markers, which can be anything from small pieces of paper to pennies or even candy. Once you have your supplies, it’s time to invite your guests. You can invite your friends and family over for a fun night of bingo, or you can even host a virtual bingo party over video chat. 3 Should you be hosting a virtual party, make sure to send out the video chat link ahead of time. Once everyone has arrived, it’s time to start the game! 4 Each card should have a unique combination of numbers on it ranging from 1 to 90. Make sure that all players have a pen or marker to take down the numbers as they are called out. The caller is responsible for drawing the numbers and calling them out to the players. Players keep marking the numbers on their cards until someone achieves a winning pattern. There are various winning patterns in bingo, such as completing a row, column, or diagonal line, or achieving a specific shape or design on the bingo card. 5 When a player achieves the winning pattern, they should call out “Bingo” loud and clear to signal that they have won. The goal here is to have fun. While some organization is required, try not to turn it into a military operation. After all, bingo is the type of game that can bring people together and create a fun and exciting atmosphere. A．Hand out the bingo cards to each player. B．You can ask your guests to bring their favourite bingo balls, cards and markers. C．It should be decided before the game starts, and known to all players. D．To host your own bingo party, you’ll need a few supplies. E．Instead of using traditional bingo numbers and letters, mix it up with different themes. F．If you’re hosting an in-person party, make sure to let your guests know what time to arrive. G．It’s a fun, exciting game and can be enjoyed by people of all ages. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京市石景山区·期末） Many people struggle with time management, especially when handling multiple tasks. To manage time effectively, it’s important to set priorities and develop a realistic plan that suits your needs. 1 This improves efficiency and reduces the stress of feeling overloaded. Setting clear, achievable goals is another crucial step in managing time effectively. 2 One practical way to improve these skills is by creating a daily or weekly schedule. A well-organized schedule helps you track deadlines and distribute specific time for each task. By sticking to your plan, you avoid last-minute pressure and ensure steady progress toward your goals. However, effective time management isn’t just about creating a schedule. 3 In today’s digital world, constant notifications and social media can easily distract us. Reducing time spent on these distractions can free up valuable hours each day. Setting aside blocks of uninterrupted time for focused goals can significantly boost productivity and maintain concentration. Some people find that using a timer, such as the Pomodoro Technique, helps them stay focused. 4 After each phase, you take a short break to refresh your mind. This approach helps to maintain high levels of concentration and prevents burnout. Good time management is a habit that requires patience and practice. 5 Unexpected events can occur, and being adaptable ensures that you can handle changes without losing focus. Over time, you’ll find it easier to stay organized, meet deadlines, and make the most of each day. A．Another key aspect is avoiding distractions. B．Thus, effective time management skills are essential. C．This technique involves working in 25-minute intervals. D．It’s also helpful to group tasks based on their importance. E．Many people prefer using digital tools to manage their time. F．However, it’s important to remain flexible with your plans and adapt. G．Start by identifying your most urgent tasks and focusing on them first. 主题04 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （23-24学年高二上·北京市大兴区·期末） High school life, especially in the senior year, is a rollercoaster of emotions filled with challenges and pressures. The constant demand for academic excellence, combined with the expectations of college applications, and managing extracurricular (课外的) activities can lead even the best students to feel the weight of stress. However, it’s not only possible but essential to find moments of joy and strategies to reduce the pressure efficiently. Understanding the nature of stress is the primary step. Stress isn’t just a state of mental unrest; it’s a physiological response. 1 The body notices any form of demand, challenge, or threat and reacts by preparing for a “fight-or-flight” response. This is an ancient survival process that equips us to deal with threats, whether they’re a challenging exam or a physical danger. Interestingly, not all stress is harmful. We often overlook the distinction of different stress. Acute (急性的) stress, in contrast to the chronic (长期的), can act as a force. 2 It pushes us to our limits, motivates us to meet deadlines, and often results in that rewarding feeling of accomplishment. However, long exposure to stress leads to chronic stress. This kind of stress, if left unchecked, can cause various health issues ranging from mental health problems like anxiety and depression to physical ailments like high blood pressure and even heart diseases. To reduce the effects of stress, mindfulness and meditation have proven effective. Even on a busy day, sparing just a few moments to focus on one’s breathing or practicing guided meditation can significantly reduce stress levels. 1 These practices help in grounding an individual, bringing a momentary escape from the chaos (混乱). Pursuing hobbies or activities that one is passionate about can also be a good way. Whether it’s painting, reading, playing a musical instrument, or engaging in sports, these activities not only divert the mind but also release endorphins, the body’s natural mood lifters. Another aspect is communication. 1 Sharing burdens, discussing worries, or just talking about one’s day can offer a fresh perspective and often lightens the load. Schools offer services, and there are numerous helplines available to assist students in distress. So, with the weight of expectations, deadlines, and too many responsibilities, remember to prioritize mental well-being. 2 Every individual deserves moments of relaxation and happiness. A．When channeled correctly, stress can be our friend. B．This response is a swift, automatic sequence designed for survival. C．Prioritizing self-care isn’t a luxury (奢侈品); it’s a necessity. D．Every challenge, it approached with a positive mindset, can be an opportunity for growth. E．Seeking external help or just talking to a friend can be incredibly therapeutic. F．They attach us to the present, clearing the mental disorder and lifting the spirit. G．These parts often provide processes adjusted to individual needs. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京市通州区·期末） Ways to Boost Your Self-Control Contrary to popular belief, self-control does not come along by denying yourself something or being “strict” with yourself. It is about loving yourself and developing new habits. 1 This is how you get there: Set clear goals so when it comes down to it, you can think first, act later. When you have knowledge that a greater reward is at stake (得失难料), you are going to have an easier time letting go of immediate satisfaction. Prioritize your list according to what you want to achieve in the future. 2 Motivate yourself to win and remember that life doesn’t happen to you, it happens for you. Anxiety arises from the belief that you are not in control of your life circumstances but are a victim of them. 3 That will set the stage for you to regain your power and access your inner motivation to win and achieve. Know your triggers (诱因) and control the stress response. Certain situations, people or even foods will cause your stress response to be triggered. Your job is to pay attention. 4 It could be sleep deprivation, or it could be a tendency to feel overly criticized by your boss. By knowing your triggers, you can either avoid them or develop ways to deal with them. 5 Either enlist friends or family members to join you or ask for their support to remind you of your long-term goals. The key here is that no one is allowed to criticize you or cause you to feel guilt or shame. Instead, they are to remind you to love yourself and help you get back on track when you slip up. A．Get some reliable partners. B．Who and what causes you to feel emotional? C．You should think twice to avoid possible mistakes. D．Change your mindset to being a victor of your life. E．It will help you follow your heart and improve your performance. F．In other words, it is a positive effort, not one of denial or negativity. G．When following this process, you will think twice before acting on a sudden urge. 主题05 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市丰台区·期末） You’re Not Perfect Imagine that you are feeling down. Someone who loves you wants to help by saying something really affirming. How about “You’ re perfect just the way you are”? That sounds nice! In fact, this is perhaps the most insidious (暗中有害的) thing that people tell us — or that we tell ourselves — when we feel sad or insecure. 1 This is called “self-enhancement bias”, and it gives rise to all sorts of distortions (曲解) in perception. Famously, back in the 1980s, research showed that up to 80 percent of motorists considered themselves to have above-average driving skills. Obviously, this cannot be true — even if you persist in believing it about yourself. People also tend to rate themselves more highly on positive moral traits. 2 And they tend to rate other people higher on negative traits such as being lazy, cold, and insincere. This is especially true for young and middle-aged adults, who rank themselves as better-than-average on multiple measures. 3 Sooner or later, you’re bound to be confronted with a painful adjustment to the truth. For instance, research showed that when college students held an inflated (过高的) view of their own academic ability, it enhanced their mood and positive affect — that is, they enjoyed happier feelings. 4 In fact, the students tended to fail at their academic expectations, and that in part led to lower self-esteem over the long term. So we face a dilemma in life: We want to feel better and make others feel better, but people’s tendency to do so through self-enhancement is a short-lived solution with possibly enduring ultimate costs. 5 Accepting your imperfections is healthier than trying to convince yourself that they don’t exist. What’s more, treating yourself with this kind of compassion (同情) makes you more compassionate toward others. A．The zone of enjoyment moves up as you increase in skill. B．But that didn’t translate into better academic performance. C．One reason is that it acts as protection against the mental pain. D．Although self-enhancement feels good, it is not a long-term solution. E．They are likely to see themselves as hard-working, honest, and warm. F．We always have a tendency to compare ourselves favorably with others. G．The best way is to emphasize to yourself that you are normal in imperfection. 主题01 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （23-24学年高二上·北京市通州区·期末） Einstein’s Opinions on Creative Thinking “The greatest scientists are artists as well,” said Albert Einstein, one of the greatest physicists and an amateur pianist and violinist. For Einstein, insight did not come from logic or mathematics. 1 “All great achievements of science must start from intuitive (直觉的) knowledge. Imagination is more important than knowledge.” 2 Surprisingly, it wasn’t the content of an idea, or its subject, that determined whether something was art or science, but how the idea was expressed. If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic, then it is science. If it is communicated and recognized intuitively, then it is art. 3 That’s why he said that great scientists were also artists. 4 “If I were not a physicist,” he once said, “I would probably be a musician. I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music. I get most joy in life out of music.” Music provided Einstein with a connection between time and space, which both combine spatial (空间的) and structural aspects. “The theory of relativity occurred to me by intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition,” said Einstein. “My parents had me study the violin from the time I was six. 5 ” A．But how did art differ from science for Einstein? B．Instead, it came from intrusion (直觉) and inspiration. C．My new discovery is the result of musical insight. D．There is no doubt that my theory was a great breakthrough then. E．Einstein himself worked intuitively and expressed himself logically. F．Einstein also owed his scientific insight and intuition mainly to music. G．For Einstein, it was the humanities that mainly contributed to his achievements. 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市朝阳区·期末） Every night, no matter how tired I am, I carve out at least 5 to 10 minutes for a quick lesson on my language learning app. I might not be fluent yet. 1 Learning a new language can be incredibly helpful for cognitive health, particularly as we age. This is because language learning engages a wide range of complex cognitive abilities. They include memory, attention, and problem-solving, which can help to create and strengthen connections in the brain. The benefits go beyond protecting the brain against the effects of aging. 2 We are all citizens of the world, and it’s important for us to stay connected with other cultures and people from different backgrounds. Of course, knowing the benefits doesn’t necessarily make the process easy. Time and devotion are two common challenges when it comes to learning a new language. But a big part of the reason why it’s so tough comes down to our self-consciousness. 3 Being scared to practise or embarrassed about making mistakes certainly doesn’t make it any easier! 4 Consistency is the key! Even just 5 to 10 minutes a day can help. Being exposed to and using the target language on a daily basis, even in small amounts, can significantly boost fluency. Besides, don’t just limit your daily learning to your lessons. 5 This can be done through media, such as movies and music, which helps to build listening skills and exposes the learner to the language being used in its natural context. Language learning is a gradual process. Embracing mistakes as part of the learning journey and staying motivated through setting achievable goals can make the experience both effective and enjoyable. A．This allows people to learn languages naturally and efficiently. B．But that’s exactly why learning a new language can be so beneficial. C．Experts also note that language learning can help promote social connections. D．It’s important to completely involve yourself in the language you want to acquire. E．However, according to the experts, my daily lessons have far-reaching significance. F．Feeling anxious can stand in the way of our progress when learning a new language. G．Fortunately, there are plenty of effective ways to achieve your language-learning goals. Passage 2 （23-24学年高二上·北京市东城区·期末） Microgreen Farming Microgreens have been used in cooking since the 1980s. 1 Chefs now realize they also add flavor and visual appeal when included in all types of dishes and recipes. As with most vegetables, it all starts with seeds. But instead of allowing the plant to grow to its full potential, microgreens are created when the plant is harvested shortly after it starts to grow. The result is a strong flavor and an ingredient that packs a variety of nutrients and health benefits in a tiny, delicious package. The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry states that microgreens have increased levels of vitamins E, C and K. 2 One of the most significant benefits of using microgreens in dishes is that they provide an intense experience that will improve the overall flavor of any dish. Many chefs use them to add depth of flavor and to create complex flavor. Another benefit of microgreens is the convenience factor — they are incredibly easy to cook with! 3 You just put them onto your meals such as soups, sandwiches, salads, etc. Microgreens are the ultimate healthy convenience food! 4 It is usually ready for harvest in only 6-7 days and offers a spicy radish taste. The result is a dish that not only tastes wonderful but offers a visual appeal that satisfies the eyes and is incredibly nutritious! Traditional plants require an extended amount of time and large amounts of land. 5 They require very little physical effort and are ready for harvest in as little as one week. In addition, growing microgreens doesn’t require a lot of space, and is typically done indoors with a vertical setup. So why not give it a shot? A．Microgreens, on the other hand, are easy! B．They were initially used as a form of decoration. C．There is no prep and cutting work as with most vegetables. D．They have as much as 40 times more nutrients than a mature plant. E．One popular form of microgreens is a mix of purple and green radish. F．Some beginners like to start with a familiar plant, such as radish, cabbage, or peas. G．Mature traditional vegetables are generally harvested 2 to 4 months after they are planted. Passage 3 （23-24学年高二上·北京市朝阳区·期末） For many American high school seniors and their families, May 1 is “National College Decision Day,” when students make a decision about their academic future. 1 According to a recent survey, more than half of Americans don’t even think college is worth the cost. This is upsetting, as completing college is as important as ever. 2 Even in today’s competitive labor market, college graduates find work much easier and tend to command significantly higher incomes. The unemployment rate for those with a bachelor’s degree or greater is currently half that of those with a high school degree. This college income advantage is due to technological advances like the personal computer and the Internet, which have caused a huge demand for skilled workers. The rapid advances today in automation and artificial intelligence will further increase the need for a highly skilled workforce. 3 It is understandable why many students and families suspect that college is no longer “worth it.” College tuition has been rising for years, and many students fear being burdened with loans after graduation. But in fact, the net price of a four-year college, which is what students pay after financial aid, has been falling since 2018 and is now lower than it was in 2006. 4 In other words, the investment paid off. To make smart decisions about where to go and what to study, students and parents can make use of resources available today to make informed choices. 5 With these resources, students can gain a reasonable picture of what their future holds down each potential path. A．To acquire these advanced skills, college remains the surest path. B．However, recent years have seen a sharp drop in college registration. C．These attitudes are also reflected in the actions of the youngest generation. D．Higher education must make college pricing clear to would-be college-goers. E．Huge data shows a college degree actually gives graduates economic advantages. F．Furthermore, students in debt were more likely to finish their degrees and earn more later. G．For example, tools like College Scorecard offer graduation rates and future earnings across schools. 主题03 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市海淀区·期末） Very few things in nature are as contagious (传染性的) as a virus. That’s why we take precautions, because no one wants to catch it. But there is something more contagious than a virus. 1 Like a virus, emotional contagion works invisibly, and often unconsciously. Our amygdalae (杏仁核) are highly sensitive to emotional signals, especially negative ones. They catch emotional meaning microseconds before our conscious minds are aware of what we’re looking at. That’s why we can quickly develop a vague sense of happiness or sadness from an encounter, before realizing why. 1 You can infect someone half a world away, whether they’re reading your email, hearing your voice, or seeing you on a Zoom call. So what does this mean to you? Depending on whether you have a good attitude or a bad one, you either prevent its spread or encourage it. If you go into a call with a customer with discouragement or desperation, you will infect them with your attitude. If you go into a call with the confidence in your ability to help them, you will also infect them. It’s especially important if you’re a leader since everyone pays great attention to everything you say and do. So what should we do? Take active control of your emotional state. 1 Be mindful; look inside yourself and name the emotion you are feeling. It’s called labeling, and this simple act places your executive functions back in control. If the emotion you’ re feeling is not the one you wish to portray during this next conversation or meeting, try to change it. If that’s too difficult, at least try to pretend you’re feeling good. 2 Our minds often read signals from our bodies, so “fake it till you make it” is actually sound advice. Emotional contagion works both ways, so you also have to guard against catching others’ negative attitudes. Again, it begins with self-awareness. If you have a good handle on your internal feelings, you can counteract other’s negative influences on you. In the end, it is all about personal responsibility. There is enough negativity spreading around, and we can’t control all of it. 1 Let’s be contagious in a positive way! A．Unlike a real virus, distance is no protection. B．No one can guarantee to stay positive all the time. C．It’s your attitude, or more precisely, your emotional state. D．Self-awareness is like a vaccine against emotional contagion. E．But we can each determine to avoid being part of the problem. F．Put on a smile, lift your chin, and add some enthusiasm in your voice. G．Here is an explanation of how one’s emotional state is more contagious than a virus. Passage 2 （23-24学年高二上·北京市房山区·期末） Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer. 1 In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practised patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks we can learn to improve patience. 1 . Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more positive. 2 “Showing thankfulness can develop self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. A simple gratitude exercise can help us practise patience. We’ll take it! You should make yourself wait. Immediate gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practise. Start with small tasks. 3 Wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practise, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations. It is important to accept the uncomfortable. So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate (容忍), and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. 4 You should learn to say to yourself, “This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable.” You’ll then gradually become more patient. A．You’d better find the causes. B．You’d better practise gratitude. C．All this adds up to a state of relaxation. D．It can also help us practise more patience. E．Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend. F．They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience. G．But we need to become comfortable with the uncomfortable to develop a little more patience. 主题04 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·北京市平谷区·期末） Music is one of the most enjoyable human experiences. Music is an ever-present companion to people’s everyday lives. 1 We listen to music and experience emotions in the absence of any events causing us to feel joy, sadness, or excitement. Over the past several decades, scholars have proposed several purposes that listening to music might fulfill. The key reason people listen to music lies in the reward center of the brain. Listening to pleasurable music activates areas of the reward system. Musical pleasure arises when a pattern is interrupted in some way. Listeners experience strong emotions when something unexpected happens. 2 About 2 percent of the general population don’t feel this way. This inability to get pleasure specifically from music has been called tone-deafness. 3 Music distracts our minds from the outside world. The use of music as background entertainment serves to get us into a positive mood or to become more alert. Music can relax the body because brain waves are able to go with the rhythm of a song. People’s moods can reflect what they choose to listen to. Fast or energetic music may make people feel alert and pumped, while slow music calms them down. Music is also one of the strongest means for arousing feelings of nostalgia (怀旧). Listening to music that was played a lot during a significant life event (e. g., a family celebration) many years ago can trigger a deeply nostalgic emotional experience. 4 Maybe we have just come to hear a particular song as sad because we have learned to associate it with an experience of loss. People can use music to express their identity and values to others. Music helps us to show that we belong to a given social group. For example, listening to innovative music can serve to communicate the belief that one is creative and unconventional. 5 A．So music is part of who we are. B．Music provides a means of escape. C．We use music to connect with our inner selves. D．Music can serve as a reminder to show brain waves E．The feeling is not the music, but in what it reminds us. F．Music can change our mood, emotions, motivation, and movement. G．However, not everyone experiences intense emotional responses to music. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二上·北京市延庆区·期末） Saving the environment might seem like a tall order, but living an environmentally friendly life is actually quite easy. With just a few small lifestyle changes, you can make a difference. 1 Recycle. Recycling is a simplest lifestyle to lower the amount of environmental waste. 1 Check the regulations to ensure you use them properly. For instance, some places may not accept glass, while others might require you to separate the different materials. If you dispose of something improperly, the whole load will likely be rejected and end up in a landfill. Buy locally sourced foods. 1 Shipping products by truck, rail, flight, or boat creates pollution and goes against an environmentally friendly lifestyle. Instead, shop at local farmers’ markets and grocery stores stocking locally-sourced products. Alternatively, use community - supported services to get fresh produce regularly. Cut back on driving. Applying alternate forms of transportation consumes less gasoline. Walk or ride a bike whenever possible. If that isn’t an option, consider organizing carpools or using public transportation. 1 Also, combine multiple trips into one to help minimize the distance traveled and fuel consumed. 2 Advocacy allows more people to create a positive impact. Spread the word about environmental conservation by sharing some of the lifestyle changes you’ve made on social media and in conversations with people around, calling on everybody to play a role. A．Cut back your carbon footprint. B．Encourage others to help save the environment. C．By doing this, you help reduce traffic jams and the overall amount of gasoline consumption. D．Every resident can get involved by taking advantage of nearby recycling services. E．The topic of preserving natural resources entertains everyone. F．Eating fresh, local food consumes less fuel and packaging materials. G．Read on for some practical tips on how a single individual can help save the environment. Passage 3 （23-24学年高二上·北京市昌平区·期末） Social media does have its shortcomings, and one of those is that it can often seem like everybody is living and winning big — except you. 1   But the reality is that these people go through struggles just like everybody else. Nobody’s life is perfect all the time. We all go through life’s hardships, failure, and pain. Picture perfect moments do exist, but they exist amongst the real-life terrible moments. 2 Someone could have +1000 likes on their pictures or a million views on their videos and still be unhappy. 3 There are people with only 10 likes but having plenty of friends, and people with +1000 likes that are lonely, depressed, in fed up relationships and have no real friends. There are couples that appear happy on social media but behind those photos, they suffer a lot in relationships. 4 Things aren’t always what they appear to be. You don’t know what some people go through to come out with the fantastic pictures you envy. The real key players mostly operate behind the scenes but make the most happen. They may look like nobody but they are building their kingdoms while others are getting high on likes and attention. Success is not what is presented on social media. 5 Be yourself and never give up on yourself. Don’t compare yourself to others. The real champions of social media are those who add value to others, not the ones who show their lifestyle to impress others. A．Those ones don’t get documented. B．Some even think it’s a complete show-off. C．Being popular on social media is not everything. D．Self-worth is determined by the number of likes one gets. E．There are couples who post nothing but are in loving relationship. F．It takes tears, sleepless nights, and loads of failure to make it in life. G．You are always flooded with strangers’ images that show the life you long for. Passage 4 （23-24学年高二上·北京市怀柔区·期末） Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways. 1 Second,  your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest. You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. 2 Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. 3 The following methods may work best for you. ·Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it. Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts. Write your notes in your own words. · 1 Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written. As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand (速记). When you do,  be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. 1 A．Use words not complete sentences. B．There are three practical note-taking methods. C．You must write your notes on separate paper. D．Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later. E．You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes. F．That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes. G．First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. Passage 5 （23-24学年高二上·北京市延庆区·期末） Why Boundaries at Work Are Essential What is a boundary, you ask? A boundary is a limit defining you in relation to someone or something. 1 If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries. Letting co-workers know you are not comfortable shaking their hands or hugging them at a holiday party, especially with Covid at this time, is another example of setting a physical boundary. It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler(更微妙的). 2 Emotional boundaries are related to our feelings and how something or someone’s behavior affects us. For example, if a boss treats you disrespectfully by yelling at you or a colleague frequently interrupts you in meetings, you are likely to feel hurt, embarrassed, and perhaps angry. Understandably, by having a courageous conversation with both your boss and co-worker about their behavior, the impact it has on you, and your expectations regarding future behavior, you are setting healthy emotional boundaries for yourself at work. Sometimes we set a boundary that is a combination of both a physical and emotional one. 1 One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday. Often, the above workplace demands lead to increased stress and a high potential for burnout over time. Mental boundaries are related to our beliefs, values, cultural norms, ethics(道德), and standards. For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent(始终如一的)with this. 2 Over time, this may lead to significant stress and physical symptoms within. 3 . Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards. Learning the skill of boundary setting helps empower us to prioritize our values and well-being and better manage our stress. Identifying, setting, and maintaining boundaries are skills valuable skills that, unfortunately, we are often not taught in school or the workplace. A．Why are boundaries important? B．However, they are equally, if not more, important. C．Therefore, we need to tell the difference between them. D．Setting a boundary in the above example may be quite helpful. E．Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible. F．Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time. G．Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal discomfort, even conflict. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $