Unit 4 Then and now核心单词,词性转换,短语,语法,句型精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（沪教版五四学制2024）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 4 Then and now 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：90分） 单元知识点默写 1. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. 在过去 ___________________ 3. 许多年前 ___________________ 4. 乘飞机 / 经陆路 / 经海路 _______________ 5. 运输货物 ___________________ 6. 遥远的地方 ___________________ 7. 决定做某事 ___________________ 8. 过去常常是 ___________________ 9. 不再 ___________________ 10. 立刻；马上 ___________________ 11. 从…… 借来…… ___________________ 12. 属于 ___________________ 13. 除…… 之外（不包含） ___________________ 14. 取得进步 ___________________ 15. 在…… 的开始 ___________________ 16. 从…… 搬迁到…… ___________________ 17. 造成；导致 ___________________ 18. 造成；导致 ___________________ 19. 亲自 ___________________ 20. 和某人度过时间 ___________________ 21. 花时间做某事 ___________________ 22. 在某方面提供帮助 ___________________ 23. 做家务 ___________________ 24. 告诉某人关于某事 ___________________ 25. 把…… 赋予生命 ___________________ 单元知识点习题训练 1、 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分) 1．Nancy usually goes on a (busy) trip. 2．Let your son (stay) away from the river bank, or he may fall into the river. 3．The report also said that of different kinds of lights, the (bad) to sleep with is the main light. 4．The (develop) of robot technology is amazing. 5．When it’s cold outside, turning on the can help you feel more comfortable. (heat) 6．The boy likes basketball. He wants to be a basketball (play). 7．The (grow) of flowers needs a lot of water and sunshine. 8．I think (educate) is important that each child should go to school. 9．Many sweet (memory) came to me when I saw the photos. 10．Hebei Museum (stay) open from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. 11．This summer is hot and I prefer to stay at home reading my favourite books. (extreme) 12．He made an excuse for his mistake to avoid (punish). 13．The number of homeless people is rising (drama). 14．Which city has the second (large) population in your country? 15．The theatre was built several ago. (century) 16．I think it’s unwise of you to ask Tom to sign your exam papers. (extreme) 17．It is difficult (imagine) our lives without sun. 18．China is the biggest (develop) country. 19．I can talk with these (foreign). I’m sure of myself. 20．— Do you enjoy (stay) in China? —Yes, we do. 21．The typhoon made my trip to Taiwan (pleasant). 22．The workers are asking for better working (condition). 23．The more you read, the (wealth) you will feel in spirit. 24．Do you often help your mother with the (housework)? 25．Either you or your brother at home to look after your grandpa.（stay） 26．Nowadays WeChat is (wide) used in our daily life. 27．Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back a lot of sweet   (memory). 28．—What a heavy rain! I didn’t take my umbrella with me. —Why not (borrow) one from the metro station(地铁站)? 29．The computer is not Eric’s. It’s (my). 30．People (punish) if they break the law any time. 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 31．Parents send their students to this school to get good (教育). 32．There is a (现代的)building in our school. 33．It’s a pity that you can’t (暂住) longer. 34．I’m thinking of starting my (商业). 35．Jing Haipeng, commander (指令长) of the Shenzhou XVI mission, said that their stay (在……里面) the Tiangong space station was a “very cool journey”. 36．I almost forget the (最糟糕的) thing that happened to me last year. 37．The sun is important for the (生长) of the trees. 38．When our parents are too busy, we should help them with more (家务事). 39．We’re glad that our country is (发展) so fast. 40． (尽管) he was busy the whole week, he was ready to help his mother with housework. 41．The shirt is too small for me. I want to buy a (大号的) one. 42．Henry went to the (乡村) to visit his grandparents yesterday. 43．If you break traffic rules, you will be (惩罚) by the police. 44．We can’t (想象) how life will be like in 100 years. 45．All the villagers’ living (状况) have changed greatly in recent years. 三、完成句子(本大题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分) 46．opportunities, lemons, make, when, life, into, gives, lemonade, and, turn, challenges, you (连词成句) . 47．to, Education, the future, is, our passport . 48．This dress is worse than the other two. (改为同义句) This dress is of the three. 49．Although he is poor, he is happy.（改为同义句） He is poor, he is happy. 50．We set up Earth Day in 1970 to ask people to protect the Earth. （改为被动语态） Earth Day up in 1970 to ask people to protect the Earth. 51．Tony put the roll of film into the camera and began to take photos. (改为一般疑问句) Tony the roll of film into the camera and begin to take photos? 52．It’s fun to go skating on real ice in winter. (改为感叹句) it is to go skating on real ice in winter! 53．Technology has changed our lives greatly.（用what引导的感叹句改写） 54．People used to travel by horse in the past. (改为否定句) People travel by horse in the past. 55．Living conditions were unpleasant in the past. Many people moved to cities.（用 although 合并） 56．Some poor children in the village seldom go to university. (改为反意疑问句) 57．People used to travel by horse. Now they travel by car. (用while合并，表对比) 58．The city has changed a lot in the past ten years. (改为一般疑问句) the city a lot in the past ten years? 59．Linda’s mother used to be a university teacher. （改为一般疑问句） Linda’s mother to be a university teacher? 60．People used to write letters to keep in touch. (改为否定句) People to write letters to keep in touch. $ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 4 Then and now 单元重点单词变形短语语法句型精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：90分） 单元知识点默写 1. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. in the past 在过去 3. many years ago 许多年前 4. by air/land/sea 乘飞机 / 经陆路 / 经海路 5. transport goods 运输货物 6. faraway places 遥远的地方 7. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 8. used to be 过去常常是 9. no longer 不再 10. right now/at once 立刻；马上 11. borrow...from... 从…… 借来…… 12. belong to 属于 13. except for 除…… 之外（不包含） 14. make progress 取得进步 15. at the beginning of 在…… 的开始 16. move from...to... 从…… 搬迁到…… 17. result in 造成；导致 18. lead to 造成；导致 19. in person 亲自 20. spend time with sb. 和某人度过时间 21. spend time doing sth. 花时间做某事 22. help with sth. 在某方面提供帮助 23. do the housework 做家务 24. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事 25. bring...to life 把…… 赋予生命 单元知识点习题训练 1、 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分) 1．Nancy usually goes on a (busy) trip. 【答案】business 【详解】句意：南希通常出差。此处是固定短语go on a business trip，表示“出差”。故填business。 2．Let your son (stay) away from the river bank, or he may fall into the river. 【答案】stay 【详解】句意：让你的儿子远离河堤，否则他可能会掉入河中。let sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”，故空处需动词原形。故填stay。 3．The report also said that of different kinds of lights, the (bad) to sleep with is the main light. 【答案】worst 【详解】句意：报告还称，在不同类型的灯光中，最不适宜睡觉的灯光就是主灯。根据“of different kinds of lights”和“to sleep with is the main light”可知，此处要用形容词最高级，修饰“灯光”；bad“糟糕的”，形容词，最高级为worst。故填worst。 4．The (develop) of robot technology is amazing. 【答案】development 【详解】句意：机器人技术的发展是惊人的。根据“The...of robot technology ”可知，空处要填名词，动词develop的名词形式development“发展”符合语境，为不可数名词。故填development。 5．When it’s cold outside, turning on the can help you feel more comfortable. (heat) 【答案】heater 【详解】句意：当外面很冷的时候，打开暖气可以让你感觉更舒服。根据“turning on the”可知，此处是指打开一种电器，heater“加热器”，符合语境。故填heater。 6．The boy likes basketball. He wants to be a basketball (play). 【答案】player 【详解】句意：这个男孩喜欢篮球。他想成为一名篮球运动员。此处指“篮球运动员”，即basketball player，a后加可数名词单数。故填player。 7．The (grow) of flowers needs a lot of water and sunshine. 【答案】growth 【详解】句意：花的生长需要大量的水和阳光。根据“The…of flowers”可知，空格处应为名词形式“growth”，表示“生长”，不可数名词。故填growth。 8．I think (educate) is important that each child should go to school. 【答案】education 【详解】句意：我认为教育很重要，每个孩子都应该去上学。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词educate的名词形式education“教育”，不可数名词，在从句中作主语。故填education。 9．Many sweet (memory) came to me when I saw the photos. 【答案】memories 【详解】句意：当我看到这些照片时，许多美好的回忆涌上心头。many后跟可数名词复数，memory意为“回忆”，其复数形式为memories，故填memories。 10．Hebei Museum (stay) open from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. 【答案】stays 【详解】句意：河北博物馆从上午9点到下午5点开放。此处用“stay”表示博物馆的状态，根据“from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.”可知，时态为一般现在时，又因为主语“Hebei Museum”是第三人称单数，所以所填词变为stays。故填stays。 11．This summer is hot and I prefer to stay at home reading my favourite books. (extreme) 【答案】extremely 【详解】句意：今年夏天非常热，我宁愿待在家里读我最喜欢的书。根据“This summer is …hot”可知句子结构完整，空处应填副词修饰hot。extreme的副词形式是extremely。故填extremely。 12．He made an excuse for his mistake to avoid (punish). 【答案】being punished/punishment/punishments 【详解】句意：他为自己的错误找了个借口以避免被惩罚。avoid后可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。根据句意可知，此处表示“被惩罚”，故用being done形式。也可用名词形式，punishment作“惩罚”讲时，可数或不可数皆可。故填being punished/punishment(s)。 13．The number of homeless people is rising (drama). 【答案】dramatically 【详解】句意：无家可归者的数量正在急剧增加。drama“戏剧性”，名词，结合语境可知，此处应用其对应的副词形式dramatically“显著地”修饰动词。故填dramatically。 14．Which city has the second (large) population in your country? 【答案】largest 【详解】句意：你们国家哪个城市的人口第二多？此处是“the+序数词+形容词最高级”结构，large的最高级为largest。故填largest。 15．The theatre was built several ago. (century) 【答案】centuries 【详解】句意：这个剧院建于几个世纪以前。several几个、一些，其后加可数名词复数；century的复数形式是centuries。故填centuries。 16．I think it’s unwise of you to ask Tom to sign your exam papers. (extreme) 【答案】extremely 【详解】句意：我认为你让汤姆在试卷上签名是非常不明智的。根据“I think it’s...unwise of you to ask Tom to sign your exam papers.”可知，此处修饰形容词unwise，应是用副词extremely“非常”。故填extremely。 17．It is difficult (imagine) our lives without sun. 【答案】to imagine 【详解】句意：很难想象我们的生活没有太阳。imagine“想象”，动词。该句是句型“It’s+adj.+to do sth.”，意为“做某事……”，不定式作主语。故填to imagine。 18．China is the biggest (develop) country. 【答案】developing 【详解】句意：中国是最大的发展中国家。根据“China”及常识可知中国是发展中国家，此处用develop的形容词形式developing表示“发展中的”，形容词作定语。故填developing。 19．I can talk with these (foreign). I’m sure of myself. 【答案】foreigners 【详解】句意：我可以和这些外国人交谈。我对自己很有把握。由句中“talk with”可知，此句是说和某人交谈。foreign外国的，形容词，可变形为foreigner，意为“外国人”，可数名词，由修饰词“these”可知，此处用复数形式，故填foreigners。 20．— Do you enjoy (stay) in China? —Yes, we do. 【答案】staying 【详解】句意：——你们喜欢待在中国吗？——是的，我们喜欢。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事，所以此处使用动名词形式。故填staying。 21．The typhoon made my trip to Taiwan (pleasant). 【答案】unpleasant 【详解】句意：台风使我的台湾之行很不愉快。make sth+adj，使用形容词作宾补，根据“The typhoon”可知，是不愉快的，用unpleasant表示，故填unpleasant。 22．The workers are asking for better working (condition). 【答案】conditions 【详解】句意：工人们要求更好的工作条件。condition“条件”，是名词，更好的工作条件不止一个，所以此处应用复数形式，故填conditions。 23．The more you read, the (wealth) you will feel in spirit. 【答案】wealthier 【详解】句意：你读得越多，你精神上就会越富有。根据前面的“the more”可知，此处也应用形容词比较级，构成“The+比较级……，the+比较级……”，wealth的形容词是wealthy，比较级是wealthier，故填wealthier。 24．Do you often help your mother with the (housework)? 【答案】housework 【详解】句意：你经常帮你妈妈做家务吗？housework是不可数名词，此处用原形。故填housework。 25．Either you or your brother at home to look after your grandpa.（stay） 【答案】stays 【详解】句意：或者你或者你哥哥待在家里照顾你的祖父。stay“停留”，是动词原形，either...or...“或者......，或者......”，连接并列主语，谓语用就近原则，此处离谓语最近的主语your brother是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填stays。 26．Nowadays WeChat is (wide) used in our daily life. 【答案】widely 【详解】句意：现在微信在我们的日常生活中被广泛应用。空格处所填单词修饰谓语动词be used，应为副词。用wide的副词形式widely表示“广泛地”。故填widely。 27．Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back a lot of sweet   (memory). 【答案】memories 【详解】句意：Amy想要保留她的一些旧东西，因为它们带来了很多甜美的回忆。memory回忆，记忆，是一个可数名词。空前“a lot of”修饰可数名词的复数形式，故答案为memories。 28．—What a heavy rain! I didn’t take my umbrella with me. —Why not (borrow) one from the metro station(地铁站)? 【答案】borrow 【详解】句意：——好大的雨啊！我没有带伞。——为什么不去地铁站借一把呢？why not do sth.为什么不做某事，常用于提出建议，所以用原形，故填borrow。 29．The computer is not Eric’s. It’s (my). 【答案】mine 【详解】句意：这台电脑不是埃里克的，它是我的。根据句子结构可知，所填词在句中作表语，my是形容词性物主代词，不可单独作表语。my的名词性物主代词mine可以单独作表语。故填mine。 30．People (punish) if they break the law any time. 【答案】will be punished 【详解】句意：任何时候违法的人都会受到惩罚。“if”引导条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，由此可知主句应该使用一般将来时，“people”和“punish”之间为动宾关系，所以应该使用一般将来时的被动语态，故填：will be punished。 二、根据汉语提示完成单词(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 31．Parents send their students to this school to get good (教育). 【答案】education 【详解】句意：家长把他们的学生送到这所学校接受良好的教育。education“教育”，在此为不可数名词，作宾语。故填education。 32．There is a (现代的)building in our school. 【答案】modern 【详解】句意：我们学校有一座现代化的建筑。根据空后的名词building可知，空前需填入一个形容词。modern意为“现代的”，在句中作定语修饰名词building。故填modern。 33．It’s a pity that you can’t (暂住) longer. 【答案】stay 【详解】句意：很遗憾你不能多住几天。stay“暂住”，动词。根据空前的“can’t”可知，此处应用动词原形stay。故填stay。 34．I’m thinking of starting my (商业). 【答案】business 【详解】句意：我在考虑创业。“商业”business，名词，此处作宾语。故填business。 35．Jing Haipeng, commander (指令长) of the Shenzhou XVI mission, said that their stay (在……里面) the Tiangong space station was a “very cool journey”. 【答案】inside 【详解】句意：神舟十六号任务指挥官景海鹏表示，他们在天宫空间站的逗留是一次“非常酷的旅程”。在……里面：inside，故填inside。 36．I almost forget the (最糟糕的) thing that happened to me last year. 【答案】worst 【详解】句意：我几乎忘记了去年发生在我身上的最糟糕的事情。worst“最糟糕的”，形容词最高级。故填worst。 37．The sun is important for the (生长) of the trees. 【答案】growth 【详解】句意：太阳对树木的生长很重要。根据“the...(生长) of”可知，空处需填入名词growth，表示“生长”。故填growth。 38．When our parents are too busy, we should help them with more (家务事). 【答案】housework 【详解】句意：当我们的父母太忙时，我们应该帮助他们做更多的家务。根据“When our parents are too busy, we should help them with more…(家务事).”可知，此处表达“家务事”，应用不可数名词housework表示。故填housework。 39．We’re glad that our country is (发展) so fast. 【答案】developing 【详解】句意：我们很高兴我们的国家发展如此之快。develop“发展”，动词。空前有is，此处填动词ing形式。故填developing。 40． (尽管) he was busy the whole week, he was ready to help his mother with housework. 【答案】Although/Though 【详解】句意：尽管他忙了整整一周，他还是准备帮妈妈做家务。“尽管”的英文表达是although或though，连词，在此处用于引导让步状语从句，句首首字母要大写。故填Although/Though。 41．The shirt is too small for me. I want to buy a (大号的) one. 【答案】large 【详解】句意：这件衬衫对我来说太小了。我想买一件大的。large“大号的”，形容词。故填large。 42．Henry went to the (乡村) to visit his grandparents yesterday. 【答案】countryside 【详解】句意：亨利昨天去乡村看望他的祖父母。结合中文提示词“乡村”可知，这里要填一个名词“countryside”，作宾语。故填countryside。 43．If you break traffic rules, you will be (惩罚) by the police. 【答案】punished 【详解】句意：如果你违反交通规则，你将受到警察的处罚。punish“惩罚”，是动词，主语you与谓语punish之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，此处是一般将来时的被动形式will be done，故填punished。 44．We can’t (想象) how life will be like in 100 years. 【答案】imagine 【详解】句意：我们无法想象100年后的生活会是什么样子的。imagine “想象”，动词，空前有情态动词can’t，所以空处用动词原形。故填imagine。 45．All the villagers’ living (状况) have changed greatly in recent years. 【答案】conditions 【详解】句意：近年来，所有村民的生活条件都发生了很大变化。根据“have changed”可知，主语为复数名词短语，condition“状况”，其复数形式为conditions。故填conditions。 三、完成句子(本大题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分) 46．opportunities, lemons, make, when, life, into, gives, lemonade, and, turn, challenges, you (连词成句) . 【答案】When life gives you lemons, turn challenges into opportunities and make lemonade 【详解】根据所给词语及标点符号可知，句子为复合句。主句为“turn challenges into opportunities and make lemonade”，表达“把挑战变为机会并做出柠檬水”；从句为“When life gives you lemons”，作时间状语，意为“当生活给你柠檬时”。句中“turn…into…”表示“把……变成……”，make lemonade比喻“把不利条件变为有利结果”。故填When life gives you lemons, turn challenges into opportunities and make lemonade“当生活给你柠檬时，把挑战变成机会并做出柠檬水”。 47．to, Education, the future, is, our passport . 【答案】Education is our passport to the future 【详解】根据题干可知，此处为陈述句。Education“教育”，是主语；is“是”；our passport“我们的通行证”；to“到”；the future“未来，将来”。故填Education is our passport to the future“教育是我们通往未来的通行证”。 48．This dress is worse than the other two. (改为同义句) This dress is of the three. 【答案】 the worst 【详解】句意：这条裙子比另外两条都差。原句使用比较级“worse than the other two”表示这条裙子不如另外两条，即这条裙子是三条中最差的。改为同义句，应用最高级结构the worst。故填the；worst。 49．Although he is poor, he is happy.（改为同义句） He is poor, he is happy. 【答案】but 【详解】句意：虽然他很穷，但他很快乐。根据题干可知，该句表达虽然他很穷，但他很快乐。although是引导让步状语从句的连词，意思是“虽然，尽管”， although和but不能同时出现在一个复合句中；but表示转折关系的连词，意思是“但是”，but用在句中，用逗号与前句隔开。故填but。 50．We set up Earth Day in 1970 to ask people to protect the Earth. （改为被动语态） Earth Day up in 1970 to ask people to protect the Earth. 【答案】 was set 【详解】句意：我们在1970年设立了地球日，要求人们保护地球。改为被动语态，原句的宾语Earth Day变为主语，结构为be done，时态为一般过去时，be动词用was，set的过去分词为set。故填was；set。 51．Tony put the roll of film into the camera and began to take photos. (改为一般疑问句) Tony the roll of film into the camera and begin to take photos? 【答案】 Did put 【详解】句意：Tony把胶卷放进相机并开始拍照。原句为一般过去时的肯定句（put为过去式），改为一般疑问句时需用助动词did置于句首，并将谓语动词还原为原形（put）。故填Did；put。 52．It’s fun to go skating on real ice in winter. (改为感叹句) it is to go skating on real ice in winter! 【答案】 What fun 【详解】句意：冬天在真正的冰上滑冰很有乐趣。句中fun是不可数名词，表示“乐趣”，此处应用what引导感叹句，结构为“What+不可数名词+主语+谓语!”。故填What；fun。 53．Technology has changed our lives greatly.（用what引导的感叹句改写） 【答案】What great changes technology has made to our lives! 【详解】句意：科技极大地改变了我们的生活。原句强调科技带来的改变之大，用“what”引导感叹句时，结构为“What+(形容词)+名词+主语+谓语！”。此处“great changes”是名词短语，“technology”作主语，“has made”作谓语，“to our lives”表示对象。故填What great changes technology has made to our lives! 54．People used to travel by horse in the past. (改为否定句) People travel by horse in the past. 【答案】didn’t use to 【详解】句意：过去人们常常骑马旅行。根据“People used to travel by horse in the past.”可知，句中“used to”表示“过去常常做某事”，句子时态是一般过去时态，其否定形式是“didn’t use to”，表示“过去不常做某事”。故填didn’t use to。 55．Living conditions were unpleasant in the past. Many people moved to cities.（用 although 合并） 【答案】Although living conditions were unpleasant in the past, many people moved to cities. 【详解】句意：过去的生活条件很糟糕。许多人搬到了城市。“although”意为“尽管；虽然”，引导让步状语从句，强调主句和从句之间的转折关系。原句中“Living conditions were unpleasant in the past”是让步状语，“many people moved to cities”是主句，用“although”连接时，从句在前，主句在后，且从句与主句之间常用逗号隔开。故填Although living conditions were unpleasant in the past, many people moved to cities. 56．Some poor children in the village seldom go to university. (改为反意疑问句) 【答案】Some poor children in the village seldom go to university, do they? 【详解】句意：村里有些穷孩子很少上大学。seldom为否定词，改为反意疑问句时，疑问部分用肯定，go是动词原形，疑问部分助动词用do，后接人称代词they，代替主语Some poor children。故填Some poor children in the village seldom go to university, do they? 57．People used to travel by horse. Now they travel by car. (用while合并，表对比) 【答案】People used to travel by horse while now they travel by car. 【详解】句意：过去人们骑马旅行，如今他们开车旅行。要求用while合并，表示对比，直接在两个分句间加上while即可，表示“过去人们骑马旅行，而现在他们开车旅行”。故填People used to travel by horse while now they travel by car. 58．The city has changed a lot in the past ten years. (改为一般疑问句) the city a lot in the past ten years? 【答案】 Has changed 【详解】句意：这座城市在过去十年里变化很大。原句中“has changed”为现在完成时结构（助动词has + 过去分词），改为一般疑问句时，需将助动词has置于句首，首字母大写，其后的过去分词“changed”保持不变。故填Has；changed。 59．Linda’s mother used to be a university teacher. （改为一般疑问句） Linda’s mother to be a university teacher? 【答案】 Did use 【详解】句意：琳达的母亲曾经是一名大学教师。由于原句中的used是实义动词，所以变一般疑问句需借助助动词did，并将谓语动词used改为原形即use；注意句首单词首字母要大写。故填Did；use。 60．People used to write letters to keep in touch. (改为否定句) People to write letters to keep in touch. 【答案】 didn’t use 【详解】句意：过去人们常常写信保持联系。原句为一般过去时，动词“used”为实义动词，改为否定句需借助助动词“didn’t”，后接动词原形“use”。故填didn’t；use。 $