Unit 6 Plan for Yourself第1课时2a—2d（知识详解+课堂练习）2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语上册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦人教版八年级Unit6第2课时（2a—2d）核心内容，系统梳理by的多维度用法、keep短语辨析、部分否定与完全否定、定语从句省略规则等知识点，从基础用法解析到拓展应用示例，搭建递进式学习支架。 知识链路以课文原句为依托，通过“详解+拓展”逻辑整合语法点与功能句型，课堂练习涵盖单选、单词拼写等多元题型，结合语境强化语言运用。注重对比归纳（如keep用法辨析）和情境迁移，助力提升语言能力与思维品质，培养系统学习方法。

2024人教版八年级Unit6 Plan for Yourself 第2课时 2a—2d（知识详解+课堂练习） 1. It's a book of essays by a famous Chinese writer. 这是一本由一位著名中国作家所写的散文集。 【知识详解】by 在此处为介词，常用来表示“由…(创作、完成等)”，用于引出动作的执行者 ，比如“a painting by Picasso”(一幅由毕加索创作的画) 【拓展】by的用法 (1)通过.(方式、手段) 说明做某事的途径、方法，后接名词/动名词(动词+ing形式)。 例如：We can learn English by watching English movies.我们可以通过看英文电影学英语 She goes to school by bike every day.她每天骑自行车上学 (2)在…旁边;靠近 描述位置关系，指“在.. 附近、紧邻” 例句:There is a small garden by the river.河边有一个小花园 Come and sit by me.Let's talk.过来坐在我旁边，咱们聊聊。 不迟于;在..之前用于时间表达，强调“在某个时间点或时间段之前完成” 例句:Please finish your homework by9 o'clock.请在9点前完成作业 。 We need to get to the station by noon.我们得在中午前赶到车站。 2. And also, I'm going to keep on writing stories and essays.而且，我打算继续写故事和散文。 【知识详解】keep on doing sth 继续做;反复做。固定短语，强调不间断地持续进行某个动作。 例如:Keep on studying hard, and you’ll achieve good grades. 持续努力学习，你会取得好成绩。 The teacher kept on reminding the students to hand in their homework on time. 老师反复提醒学生们按时交作业。 【拓展】 keep的其他常见用法如下： keep doing sth 一直做某事 例如：Tim kept standing there for an hour without moving蒂姆在那儿一动不动地站了一个小时。 keep sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事 例如：Why did you keep him waiting so long?你为什么让他等这么长时间? keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 例如：The storm kept us from going out.暴风雨使我们不能外出。 3.Not everyone knows what they want to be.并非所有人都知道自己想成为什么样的人。 【知识详解】 当否定词(not)与表示“全体”意义的词(如 everyone, all,both,everything 等)连用时，否定范围是“整体中的一部分”，而非完全否定全体。 例如:I don't like all these songs.这些歌我并非都喜欢。 None of the birds can fly.所有鸟都不会飞 【注意】 完全否定:用“no one,none,neither,nothing”等词，彻底否定全体。 例如:I like none of these songs.这些歌我全都不喜欢。 4. Then you can do anything you want! 那么你就可以做任何你想做的事! 【知识详解】定语从句:you want省略了关系代词“that”，完整形式为“anything that you want”。 “that”在从句中作宾语(指代“anything”)，因此可省略。 定语从句修饰先行词“anything”，说明“想做的”内容。 【定语从句省略规则】 当关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。 例如:The book (that) I bought is interesting.我买的书很有趣。 This is the pen (which) he used.这是他用过的笔。 5.I hope so!我希望如此! 【知识详解】表示肯定对方的意见或观点。其否定形式为“I hope not!”I'm sure (afraid that) our team will win (lose) the game.我确信(恐怕)我们队会赢得(输掉)这场比赛 - I hope so (not)!我希望如此(不会)! 【拓展】类似的结构还有! I think so!我认为是这样! I'm afraid so!恐怕如此! I don't think so!我认为不是这样! I'm afraid not! 恐怕不是这样! 6.Just make sure you try your best at school.只要确保你在学校尽最大努力。 【知识详解】常用于祈使句中，表示请求或要求对方按要求做某事。 搭配:make sure+(that)从句确保……;务必… make sure of sth弄清楚……;确保…… 例如：Make sure (that) you get everything ready before the exam, 确保你在考试前准备好了所有的东西。 We must make sure of the facts.我们必须弄清楚事实。 try one's best 尽最大努力搭配:try one's best to do sth 尽全力做某事 If you want to win first prize, you should try your best.如果你想获得一等奖，你应该尽自己最大的努力。 Teenagers should try their best to exercise at least 30 minutes every day.青少年应该尽力每天至少锻炼30分钟。 【课堂练习】 一、单项选择 1．They keep on ________ and go to a small lake． A．walking B．walk C．walks D．walked 2．—I'm leaving now. —________ you turn off the lights and the computer. A．Make sure B．To make sure C．Find out D．To find out 3．We should try _________ best _________ English. A．we; learning B．us; to learn C．our; to learn D．our; learning 4．She’s going to take ________ lessons because she wants to be an actress. A．music B．acting C．dancing D．basketball 5．―Excuse me, don’t you know about the new traffic ________ ? Everyone in a car must wear the seat belt (安全带). ―Sorry, we won’t do that again. A．rule B．law C．instruction D．education 二、单词拼写 6．In Sweden, it is against the l________ to hit a child. 7．She enjoys reading c________, such as The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Alice in Wonderland. 8．He often goes to other countries, but he is not a boss. He is a b________ . 三、适当形式填空 9．She will keep on ________ (practise) the piano to make her dream come true. 10．You really need a car if you plan ________ (live) far from the city centre. 11．Students need to write three ________ (essay) for their final exam. 12．This is a great chance for you to become an excellent ________. (law) 13．—How are you going to be an astronaut? —I am going ________ (study) science and maths hard. 四、完成句子 14．他总是确保每个人都能及时完成任务。 He always ________ ________ that everyone can finish the task in time. 15．如果你想要成功，你必须尽最大努力。 If you want to be successful, you must ________ ________ ________. 16．长大后，我想成为一名医生来帮助人们。 When I grow up, I ________ ________ ________ a doctor to help people. 17．我擅长唱歌。将来我想当一名歌手。 I ________ ________ ________ ________. I want to be a singer in the future. 18．并不是每个人都知道世界上的八大奇迹是什么。 ________ ________ ________ what the eight wonders are in the world. 五、阅读理解 What about my plans for the summer vacation? First, I will go to Shanghai with my sister Kate. There are many interesting places in Shanghai, and we can also taste the delicious food there. After that, I will spend some time reading books. I will play tennis with my friends, too. —Peter I made some plans for my summer vacation. First, I will help more at home. My parents are always busy, so I’ll help them with the housework and let them have more time to relax. Second, I will practice the violin every day. Third, I think the vacation is a good time for me to do some sports, such as running and swimming. I am sure my summer vacation will be wonderful. —Tom After about four months’ study, the summer vacation is coming. Here are my plans. First, I will leave enough time for my new lessons. I will also read some great books. Second, I will go to Xi’an and stay there for two weeks. I think the trip will be wonderful. Then, I will come back and enjoy myself with my friends. We will go swimming, shopping, etc. —Amy 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 19．Peter plans to go to Shanghai with his ________. A．brother B．sister C．parents D．grandparents 20．How many plans did Tom make for his summer vacation? A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Two. 21．Amy will stay in Xi’an for ________. A．one week B．two weeks C．one month D．two months 22．Who will swim in the summer vacation? A．Tom and Amy. B．Kate and Peter. C．Peter and Tom. D．Kate and Amy. 23．Which of the following is TRUE according to the material? A．Peter’s parents are always busy. B．Tom likes to play tennis with his friends. C．Amy plans to do some reading in the summer vacation. D．Peter’s parents want him to learn new lessons in the summer vacation. 【参考答案】 1、 1-5 AACBA 二、6.law 7. classics 8.businessman 三、9.practicing 10.to live 11.essays 12.lawyer 13.to study 四、14.makes sure 15.try your best 16.want to be 17.am good at singing 18.Not everyone knows 五、19-23 BCBAC 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $