专题07 阅读理解（七选五）（期末真题汇编，山东专用）高三英语上学期

专题07 阅读理解（七选五） 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （山东省临沂市郯城第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Your brain is always on. It works hard 24/7, even while you are asleep. This means your brain requires a constant supply of fuel. 1 And what’s in that fuel makes all the difference. How do the foods you eat affect your mental health? Serotonin (血清素) is a chemical in your body that helps regulate sleep and appetite, manage moods and reduce pain. About 95% of your serotonin is produced in your gut (消化道), and your gut is lined with a hundred million nerve cells. 2 What’s more, the function of these nerve cells and the production of neurotransmitters are greatly influenced by the billions of “good” bacteria (细菌) in your gut. 3 They ensure a strong barrier against harmful substance and “bad” bacteria; they improve how well you absorb nutrients from your food; and they activate neural pathways that travel directly between the gut and the brain. Studies have compared “traditional” diets, like the traditional Japanese diet, to a typical “Western” diet and have shown that the risk of depression is 25% to 35% lower in those who eat a traditional diet. 4 Traditional diets tend to be high in vegetables, fruits, unprocessed grains, and fish and seafood, and to contain only modest amounts of lean meats and dairy. Furthermore, these diets lack processed foods and sugars, which are key components of the “Western” diet. In addition, many of these unprocessed foods are fermented (发酵), making them natural good bacteria. So, what does this mean to you? 5 Try keeping a “clean” diet for two to three weeks, which means cutting out all processed foods and sugars, and see how you feel.Then slowly introduce foods back into your diet, one by one, and see how you feel. When some people “go clean,” they can’t believe how much better they feel, both physically and emotionally. A．Scientists account for this difference. B．That “fuel” comes from the foods you eat. C．These bacteria play an essential role in your health. D．Start paying attention to how eating different foods makes you feel. E．In contrast, diets high in refined sugars have been found harmful to brain health. F．So your digestive system not only aids digestion but also influences your emotions. G．Like an expensive car, your brain functions best when it gets only high-quality fuel. 【答案】1．B 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了食物中的营养(即“燃料”)对大脑功能至关重要，影响精神健康。因此，建议关注不同食物对身体和情绪的影响，尝试健康饮食。 1．上文“This means your brain requires a constant supply of fuel.(这意味着你的大脑需要持续的能量供应)”提到了大脑需要“燃料”，即能量来源。B选项“That “fuel” comes from the foods you eat.(这种‘燃料’来自你吃的食物)”直接承接上文内容，说明了大脑所需的能量来源于食物，符合语境。故选B。 2．上文“About 95% of your serotonin is produced in your gut (消化道), and your gut is lined with a hundred million nerve cells.(你体内大约95%的血清素是在肠道中产生的，而你的肠道内有一亿个神经细胞)”讲述了肠道与神经细胞的关系。F选项“So your digestive system not only aids digestion but also influences your emotions.(所以你的消化系统不仅帮助消化，还影响你的情绪)”中的“So”表示因果关系，承接上文，进一步说明了肠道(即消化系统)除了帮助消化外，还影响情绪，这与上文中肠道与神经细胞的关系相呼应，符合语境。故选F。 3．上文“What’s more, the function of these nerve cells and the production of neurotransmitters are greatly influenced by the billions of ‘good’ bacteria (细菌) in your gut.(更重要的是，这些神经细胞的功能和神经递质的产生受到你肠道中数十亿‘有益’细菌的极大影响)”讲述了肠道中的有益细菌对神经细胞功能和神经递质产生的影响。C选项“These bacteria play an essential role in your health.(这些细菌对你的健康起着至关重要的作用)”进一步强调了这些有益细菌的重要性，与上文形成补充关系，“these bacteria”与前文的“the billions of ‘good’ bacteria”相呼应。故选C。 4．上文“Studies have compared ‘traditional’ diets, like the traditional Japanese diet, to a typical ‘Western’ diet and have shown that the risk of depression is 4% to 35% lower in those who eat a traditional diet.(研究将“传统”饮食，如传统的日本饮食，与典型的“西方”饮食进行了比较，结果表明，吃传统饮食的人患抑郁症的风险要低4%到35%)”讲述了传统饮食与西方饮食在抑郁症风险上的差异。A选项“Scientists account for this difference.(科学家们解释了这种差异)”中的“this difference”指代上文提到的传统饮食与西方饮食在抑郁症风险上的差异，科学家们对这种差异进行了解释，符合语境。故选A。 5．下文“Try keeping a ‘clean’ diet for two to three weeks, which means cutting out all processed foods and sugars, and see how you feel.(试着坚持两到三周的‘清洁’饮食，这意味着要戒掉所有加工食品和糖，然后看看你的感觉如何)”给出了一个具体的行动建议。D选项“Start paying attention to how eating different foods makes you feel.(开始注意吃不同食物时的感受)”作为段首句，提出了一个总的建议，即关注吃不同食物时的感受，这与下文的行动建议相呼应，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 2 （山东省潍坊市普通高中2024-2025学年高三上学期1月学科素养能力测评英语试题）I finish work at 5:30 pm, race home, swiftly change into workout clothes and head down the road for my 7:30 pm gym class. Dinner finished and freshly washed, it’s now 9 pm. 1 Not tonight. I’m getting into bed, without phone to catch some Zzzs. My new routine is the routine du jour (热门) of Gen Z in their 20s, who are hitting the hay as early as 9 pm. Surprisingly, Gen Z briefly decided that dark circles were deeply fashionable. As a nation, we’re obsessed with sleep. In an increasingly health-conscious world, the new generation of wellbeing warriors prioritise the importance of feeling well-rested. 2 My new bedtime means I’m going to be getting around 10 hours’ sleep every night. As someone constantly on the go, I can’t deny this sounds positively dreamy. I imagine my future self well rested, sharp and lively. 3 I’m having to give up many of life’s pleasures — I can’t grab dinner with friends, I can’t go on dates where conversation flows into the early hours, and I certainly can’t go dancing all night. Am I at least more refreshed? Not so much. I find myself feeling sluggish (行动迟缓的). For all the endless talk about not getting enough sleep, I’m starting to wonder whether you can sleep too much. 4 Actually, I don’t think my slowing brain results from too many hours in bed. I’d put it down to just being bored. So what’s the solution? 5 Instead of enforcing a permanent 9pm bedtime, perhaps it’s simply about accepting that what works varies between each individual. I’m not opposed to the occasional bed rotting, but for the most part, it turns out I’d much rather gladly accept my dark circles as a sign of a good time. A．I believe, you can’t. B．It turns out, you can. C．So, do the 9pm-ers get something? D．How can they increase their rest time? E．But three days into my week-long trial, I’m getting increasingly annoyed. F．Usually, at this time, I’d catch up with messages or stick on a Netflix series. G．It’s all about knowing our own energy levels and adjusting our sleep cycles accordingly. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．E 4．B 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了关于睡眠的问题，作者通过自己尝试晚上9点睡觉的经历，探讨了过多睡眠可能带来的问题，并提出应根据个人能量水平调整睡眠周期的观点。 1．上文“Dinner finished and freshly washed, it’s now 9pm. (晚餐结束，洗漱完毕，现在是9点)”说明此时是晚上9点，作者已经完成了晚餐和洗漱。F选项“Usually, at this time, I’d catch up with messages or stick on a Netflix series. (通常，在这个时候，我会查看信息或者看一部Netflix连续剧)”与上文时间线索相衔接，说明作者平时在这个时间会做的事情，与下文“Not tonight. I’m getting into bed, without phone to catch some Zzzs. (今晚不这样。我要上床睡觉了，不带手机，睡个好觉)”形成对比，突出今晚的不同之处。故选F项。 2．上文“In an increasingly health-conscious world, the new generation of wellbeing warriors prioritise the importance of feeling well-rested. (在一个越来越注重健康的世界里，新一代的健康卫士把充分休息的感觉放在首位)”提到新一代人重视充分休息，C选项“So, do the 9pm-ers get something? (那么，晚上9点睡觉的人得到了什么呢?)”承接上文，提出问题：那些晚上9点睡觉的人是否真的从中获得了什么好处?引出下文关于作者自己尝试晚上9点睡觉的经历。故选C项。 3．上文“I imagine my future self well rested, sharp and lively. (我想象着自己未来精力充沛、敏锐、活泼的样子)”表达了作者对晚上9点睡觉可能带来的好处的期待，E选项“But three days into my week-long trial, I’m getting increasingly annoyed. (但在我为期一周的尝试中，到了第三天，我越来越恼怒了)”与上文形成转折关系，说明实际情况并不像作者想象的那么美好，反而让作者感到烦恼。故选E项。 4．上文“For all the endless talk about not getting enough sleep, I’m starting to wonder whether you can sleep too much. (尽管人们无休止地谈论睡眠不足，但我开始想，你能不能睡得太多呢?)”提出问题：人会不会睡得太多? B选项“It turns out, you can. (事实证明，你会)”直接回答了上文的问题，说明睡得太多是可能的，与下文“Actually, I don’t think my slowing brain results from too many hours in bed. (实际上，我认为我大脑反应变慢并不是因为在床上躺了太久)”形成观点上的转折。故选B项。 5．下文“Instead of enforcing a permanent 9pm bedtime, perhaps it’s simply about accepting that what works varies between each individual. (与其强制执行晚上9点的固定就寝时间，或许更应该接受的是，每个人的情况都不同)”提出应根据个人情况调整睡眠时间，G选项“It’s all about knowing our own energy levels and adjusting our sleep cycles accordingly. (关键是要了解自己的能量水平，并相应地调整睡眠周期)”与下文观点一致，说明了解决睡眠问题的关键所在。故选G项。 Passage 3 （山东省青岛市莱西市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）Do you think true beauty is found in looks? Actually, what makes you attractive comes from within. 1 . Place your beauty in what you are but not what you are in your beauty. If you hold onto youthful beauty as a narrow definition of yourself, you won’t enjoy your looks as you age. 2 . It is only a part of what we show to the outer world. Go past your reflection and see the real self! 3 . Despite many anti-aging products, there is no magic solution to stopping the effects of aging. You should stop devaluing yourself just because you are getting older. Aim for a healthy life and keep yourself strong and fit. Eat healthy diet and be committed to a daily exercise routine. Lots of efforts are needed. You will feel better over a long term. Beauty relates to physical and psychological aspects. 4 . For Serena Williams, it is quite another issue. She never hides her unusual powerful physique (体格). Instead, her showing her muscles enhances her appeal. Many fans think she is beautiful. This proves that looking beautiful and attractive means more than our looks. Be less scared of aging and you will looks more beautiful. 5 . However, to those who age beautifully, it matters neither too much nor too little. Do enjoy our lives to the fullest. True beauty is about accepting yourself. It is also about feeling good about yourself. A．Beauty matters to all of us B．It comes from the both sides C．The fountain of youth doesn’t exist D．Go beyond what you see in the mirror E．It’s human nature to try to keep energetic F．People generally think beauty is only a skin-deep topic G．Changing the way you value beauty will give you life-long confidence 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了美的本质以及如何正确看待和追求美。 1．根据上文“Do you think true beauty is found in looks? Actually, what makes you attractive comes from within.(你认为真正的美丽在于外表吗？实际上，使你吸引人的是你的内在)”可知，此处说的是改变对美的不正确看法，与G项“Changing the way you value beauty will give you life-long confidence(改变你对美的看法会让你终生充满自信)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。 2．根据下文“It is only a part of what we show to the outer world. Go past your reflection and see the real self!(这只是我们向外界展示的一部分。请超越你镜子中的形象，看到真实的自己！)”可知，此处上下文说的是不要过于关注在镜子中看到的形象，与D项“Go beyond what you see in the mirror(超越你在镜子中看到的)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 3．根据下文“Despite many anti-aging products, there is no magic solution to stopping the effects of aging.(尽管有许多抗衰老产品，但并没有神奇的解决方案阻止衰老的影响)”可知，本段说的是永葆青春的办法是不存在的，与C项“The fountain of youth doesn’t exist(青春之泉并不存在)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。 4．根据上文“Beauty relates to physical and psychological aspects.(美丽与身体和心理两方面有关)”可知，本段讲的是美丽来自于身体和心理两方面，与B项“It comes from the both sides(它来自于这两个方面)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。 5．根据上文“Be less scared of aging and you will looks more beautiful.(不要那么害怕衰老，你会看起来更漂亮)”以及下文“However, to those who age beautifully, it matters neither too much nor too little. Do enjoy our lives to the fullest.(然而，对于那些优雅老去的人来说，年龄并不算太大也不算太小的事情。我们应该尽情享受生活)”可知，本段讲的是不要害怕衰老，要优雅地对待它、接受它，你会看上去更美丽，与E项“It’s human nature to try to keep energetic(努力保持精力充沛是人的天性)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。 Passage 4 （山东省滨州市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Will Exercising With A Cold Make You Sicker? Whether you’re a die-hard exercise devotee or just beginning to get into workout, you may worry that coming down with a cold could disturb your training routine 1 Researchers have looked into this problem and have concluded that a mild cold does not always have to prevent you. But there are several key warnings to keep in mind. Do the “neck check”. Before you start your workout gear, assess your symptoms carefully. The most popular advice is to do what’s referred to as the neck check, where if symptoms are above the neck, exercise is probably safe 2 If, however, you do have symptoms below the neck, such as a hacking cough, chest discomfort, nausea, diarrhea or body-wide symptoms like fever, muscle aches or fatigue, then it’s not a good idea to exercise. Monitor your symptoms. 3 What might begin as a runny nose could later become something more serious, like bronchitis or the flu. Proceed with caution, keep tabs on how you’re feeling and skip the workout if you start to feel worse. There’s this myth that you can sweat out a virus, but that is a terrible thing to do. If you’re not feeling well, heavy exercise can exacerbate your symptoms and increase your risk for complications. 4 . If you’re confident that your cold symptoms are manageable and you still feel up for exercising, moderate intensity cardiovascular (心血管) exercise for 30 to 45 minutes a session. A brisk 30-minute walk outside or a low-impact workout on a stationary bike would be a good option. 5 A．Stick to moderate workouts. B．Improve your immune response. C．Keep in mind that symptoms can evolve. D．Could a workout actually do you some good? E．Does your runny nose mean skipping your exercise session? F．However, if you feel light-headed or any pain while exercising, consider your cue to quit. G．If your only symptoms are nasal congestion (鼻塞) and a low-grade headache, a light workout is OK. 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．C 4．A 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了感冒时锻炼需要注意的事项。 1．上文“Whether you’re a die-hard exercise devotee or just beginning to get into workout, you may worry that coming down with a cold could disturb your training routine.(无论你是一个铁杆运动爱好者，还是刚开始锻炼，你都可能担心感冒会干扰你的训练)”说明大多数人会认为感冒会影响体育锻炼。空处承上启下。E项中的“your runny nose mean skipping your exercise session”和上文中的“worry that coming down with a cold could disturb your training routine”相呼应，下文中的this problem指的就是E项中所提出的问题，这个问题是“流鼻涕时是不是意味着不参加运动？”。故选E。 2．上文“The most popular advice is to do what’s referred to as the neck check, where if symptoms are above the neck, exercise is probably safe.(最流行的建议是做所谓的颈部检查，如果症状在颈部以上，运动可能是安全的)”说明如果感冒的症状在颈部以上，运动可能是安全的。空处顺接上文，具体说明颈部以上的症状有哪些。G项中的“symptoms are nasal congestion (鼻塞) and a low-grade headache”和上文的“symptoms are above the neck”相呼应，说明如果你唯一的症状是鼻塞和轻度头痛，那么轻度锻炼是可以的。故选G。 3．标题“Monitor your symptoms.(监测你的症状)”以及下文“What might begin as a runny nose could later become something more serious, like bronchitis or the flu.(最初可能是流鼻涕，后来可能会变得更严重，比如支气管炎或流感)”说明感冒随时可能变严重，所以要时刻监测你的症状。C项“请记住，症状可能会演变。”符合语境，既呼应了主题，也引出了下文。故选C。 4．下文“If you’re confident that your cold symptoms are manageable and you still feel up for exercising, moderate intensity cardiovascular (心血管) exercise for 30 to 45 minutes a session. A brisk 30-minute walk outside or a low-impact workout on a stationary bike would be a good option.(如果你确信你的感冒症状是可控的，并且你仍然觉得可以锻炼，那么每次进行30到45分钟的中等强度心血管锻炼。在户外轻快地散步30分钟或骑着固定自行车进行低冲击的锻炼都是一个不错的选择)”说明本段主要讲述了如果感冒症状可控，可以采用合适强度的锻炼方式。A项“坚持适度的锻炼。”适合作本段的主旨句。故选A。 5．上文“A brisk 30-minute walk outside or a low-impact workout on a stationary bike would be a good option.(在户外轻快地散步30分钟或骑着固定自行车进行低冲击的锻炼都是一个不错的选择)”说明如果感冒症状可控，可以采用合适强度的锻炼方式。F项中的However和前文形成转折关系，说明不管是什么强度的运动，一旦出现不适的症状，都要停止。F项“然而，如果你在锻炼时感到头晕或疼痛，请考虑退出。”符合语境。故选F。 主题02 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （山东济南2024-2025学年高三上学期期末英语试题）In recent years, outdoor sports have become increasingly popular. According to the General Administration of Sport, over 400 million participants in outdoor activities have been recorded nationwide, with those born in the 1980s and 1990s leading the trend. 1 This has led some to associate outdoor sports with potential risks. Driven by the desire to share “brave explorer” moments online or a “come all the way up here” mindset, many beginners hurry to seek outdoor adventure without proper preparations. In reality, outdoor activities can be dangerous without enough skills and risk awareness. Beginners who ignore potential dangers may face hypothermia (失温) when hiking to high altitudes, get lost in forests, or be caught in thunderstorms. 2 So, how can we make outdoor sports safer? 3 Before heading out, research the environment, climate and seasonal conditions to choose a safe route and avoid risky or hard-to-access spots. Knowing the trail’s altitude (海拔) , difficulty level, supply points and emergency stations is crucial, and planning alternative escape routes can be life-saving. 4 Layered clothing is essential to adapt to changing weather conditions. Follow the principle of “remove layers when warm, add layers when cold and change clothes when wet”. 5 However, with systematic preparations, we can. significantly reduce the dangers. Always remember to tell friends or family about your route and estimated return time. so they can assist if needed. With proper preparations and safety measures, these adventures can be both exciting and rewarding. A．Having the right clothing choices is equally important. B．On the whole, outdoor sports indeed involve challenges. C．A well-designed plan and detailed preparation come first. D．All in all, outdoor sports can bring great fun and/ knowledge. E．They often lack the necessary equipment to ensure their safety. F．However, the rise in accidents has cast a shadow on this passion. G．These accidents highlight that outdoor sports are far more than a simple trip. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了近年来户外运动越来越受欢迎，然而事故频发使其蒙上阴影。文中还介绍了一些让户外运动更安全的方法，包括提前做好计划、选择合适的衣物等，强调通过系统准备可降低危险。 1．前文“According to the General Administration of Sport, over 400 million participants in outdoor activities have been recorded nationwide, with those born in the 1980s and 1990s leading the trend.(根据国家体育总局的数据，全国有超过 4 亿人参与户外活动，其中 80 后和 90 后引领了这一潮流)说明户外运动很受欢迎。而后文“This has led some to associate outdoor sports with potential risks.(这导致一些人将户外运动与潜在风险联系起来)”指出存在风险。F 选项 “然而，事故的增加给这种热情蒙上了一层阴影”中 “事故的增加” 对应后文 “潜在风险”，“给这种热情蒙上阴影” 说明受欢迎的户外运动因事故受到影响，起到了承上启下的作用。故选F。 2．前文“Beginners who ignore potential dangers may face hypothermia (失温) when hiking to high altitudes, get lost in forests, or be caught in thunderstorms.(忽视潜在危险的初学者在徒步到高海拔地区时可能会面临失温，在森林中迷路，或者遭遇雷暴)”列举了初学者在户外运动中可能遇到的危险。G 选项“这些事故突出表明户外运动远不止是一次简单的旅行”中 “These accidents” 指代前文提到的失温、迷路、遭遇雷暴等事故，“户外运动远不止是一次简单的旅行” 是对前文事故所体现出的户外运动复杂性的总结。故选G。 3．前文“So, how can we make outdoor sports safer?(那么，我们怎样才能让户外运动更安全呢？)”提出问题，后文 “Before heading out, research the environment, climate and seasonal conditions to choose a safe route and avoid risky or hard-to-access spots.(在出发前，研究环境、气候和季节条件，选择安全路线，避开危险或难以到达的地点)”是在说出发前的准备工作。C 选项 “精心设计的计划和详细的准备是首要的”中 “精心设计的计划和详细的准备” 对应后文出发前的各种准备事项，起到了总领下文的作用。故选C。 4．后文“Layered clothing is essential to adapt to changing weather conditions. Follow the principle of “remove layers when warm, add layers when cold and change clothes when wet”.(分层穿衣对于适应变化的天气条件至关重要。遵循 “热了脱层衣服，冷了加层衣服，湿了换衣服” 的原则)”主要讲的是衣物的选择。A 选项“选择合适的衣物同样重要”中 “选择合适的衣物” 与后文 “分层穿衣” 相呼应，强调了衣物选择的重要性。故选A。 5．后文“However, with systematic preparations, we can significantly reduce the dangers.(然而，通过系统的准备，我们可以显著降低危险)”中 “However” 表示转折，说明前文应先指出户外运动存在挑战。B 选项“总的来说，户外运动确实存在挑战”，“户外运动确实存在挑战” 与后文 “通过系统准备降低危险” 形成转折关系。故选B。 Passage 2 （山东省青岛市四区联考2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）You might feel like you’re walking on a tight rope all the time, trying to be “good enough”. The feeling may play out as competence and hard work. 1 So, consider trying to be more aware of when you’re falling into that trap. Ahead, check out some of the signals. Staying calm in a crisis. Those who are more used to the stress of anxiety tend to react to crisis and extreme stress more effectively because their brains are accustomed to these high-stress states. However, there is something to be mindful of. 2 For someone with high anxiety, they may not realize there is an issue until they are experiencing extreme reactions and even medical issues. The advice is to give yourself breaks. Aiming for perfection. If you notice you’re highly sensitive to your mistakes or have ambitious goals, you’re looking at a few signs of perfectionism. Basically, it can serve as a defense mechanism when you’re anxious about not being “good enough.” People who struggle with anxiety may feel that anything less than perfect will lead to negative consequences. 3 Beneath the drive for perfection is often a deep fear of making mistakes. Kelley, a psychologist, recommended aiming for “good enough” and celebrating progress over perfection. People-Pleasing. Do you feel anxious at the idea of making someone unhappy by not doing what they want? 4 These are signs of people-pleasing. “They try to make others happy, even at the expense of their own needs, because they fear that disappointing others will result in negative outcomes,” Kelley explained. “This can be a sign of social anxiety and fear of not being accepted.” What to try instead: 5 A．All bodies will hit a point of burnout. B．Saying “no” will result in disapproval. C．But they can indicate the presence of anxiety. D．They set impossibly high standards for themselves. E．Push yourself to set healthy boundaries, stick to your values. F．Adopt this coping skill especially after highly stressful moments. G．Maybe you push your preferences to the side and say “yes” to everything. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．G 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了表明焦虑的存在的几个信号。 1．根据上文“You might feel like you’re walking on a tight rope all the time, trying to be “good enough”. The feeling may play out as competence and hard work. (你可能会觉得自己一直在走钢丝，试图做到“足够好”。这种感觉可能表现为能力和努力工作。)”以及下文“So, consider trying to be more aware of when you’re falling into that trap. (所以，当你陷入这个陷阱的时候，试着更加意识到这一点。)”可知，选项承上启下继续说明上文这种现象所暗示出的实质内容。故C选项“但它们可能表明焦虑的存在。”切题。故选C项。 2．根据上文“Those who are more used to the stress of anxiety tend to react to crisis and extreme stress more effectively because their brains are accustomed to these high-stress states. However, there is something to be mindful of. ( 那些更习惯于焦虑压力的人往往对危机和极端压力做出更有效的反应，因为他们的大脑已经习惯了这些高压力状态。然而，有一些事情需要注意。)”可知，选项承接上文说明长期高压的后果。故A选项“所有人都会达到崩溃点。”切题。故选A项。 3．根据上文“People who struggle with anxiety may feel that anything less than perfect will lead to negative consequences. (与焦虑作斗争的人可能会觉得任何不完美的事情都会导致负面后果。)”根据下文“Beneath the drive for perfection is often a deep fear of making mistakes. (在追求完美的动力之下，往往是对犯错的深深的恐惧。)”可知，选项承接上下文说明针对不完美采取的措施。故D选项“他们为自己设定了难以企及的高标准。”切题。故选D项。 4．根据上文“Do you feel anxious at the idea of making someone unhappy by not doing what they want? (你会因为没有做别人想做的事而让他们不开心而感到焦虑吗？)”可知，选项承接上文说明讨好行为的表现。故G选项“也许你把自己的喜好放在一边，对一切都说“是”。”切题。故选G项。 5．根据上文““This can be a sign of social anxiety and fear of not being accepted.” What to try instead: (“这可能是社交焦虑和害怕不被接受的迹象。”可以试试什么呢？)”可知，选项承接上文提出建议。故E选项“设定健康界限、坚持价值观。”切题。故选E项。 主题03 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 （山东省菏泽市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）Sports injuries happen when we push our body too hard, and mistakes like running too much or not warming up enough can also cause them. 1 Set realistic goals. You should definitely set goals and work hard to achieve them. 2 Whether your goal is to swim more laps or run a specific distance, set an obtainable goal and gradually work to improve. Plan and prepare. If you plan to begin exercising regularly, you should meet with a health adviser first and discuss your options. 3 Working with a personal trainer is often a safe and enjoyable way to start a new activity. Warm up and cool down. It is important to warm up before physical activity because research has shown that a heated muscle is less likely to be strained (扭伤). One way experts recommend is some light walking or jogging before you start your exercise and then again afterward to help your muscles cool down slowly. 4 This can be done by stretching before and after a workout, but it is best to do so once the body is already warm. Take your time. Don’t push yourself too hard or too fast. 5 We need to allow for enough time to gradually increase training levels so that our bodies have time to adjust to the stress on our bones, joints and muscles. For instance, when you are running, increase the distance gradually and give yourself plenty of time to recover between workouts. A．Getting in shape or learning a new sport takes time. B．However, it’s crucial that your goals are realistic and achievable. C．Another important way to prevent injury is to increase your flexibility. D．Adjust your activities if your body is showing signs of too much stress. E．Also, take your time to learn the best techniques required for your sport. F．If unsure of how to do an exercise properly, ask a coach or trainer for help. G．To help keep you from experiencing such injuries, here are some preventive tips. 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．F 4．C 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就避免运动受伤提出了一些建议。 1．根据上文“Sports injuries happen when we push our body too hard, and mistakes like running too much or not warming up enough can also cause them.(运动损伤发生在我们用力过猛的时候，像跑得太多或热身不够这样的错误也会导致运动损伤)”可知，上文提到了造成运动损伤，后文给出了避免受伤的建议，故G选项“为了帮助你避免遭受这样的伤害，这里有一些预防建议”符合语境，故选G。 2．根据上文“You should definitely set goals and work hard to achieve them.(你一定要设定目标，并努力实现它们)”以及后文“Whether your goal is to swim more laps or run a specific distance, set an obtainable goal and gradually work to improve.(无论你的目标是多游几圈还是跑一段特定的距离，都要设定一个可实现的目标，并逐步努力提高)”可知，本句主要建议设定的目标需要切实可行，B选项achievable对应后文obtainable。故B选项“然而，重要的是你的目标要现实可行”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据上文“If you plan to begin exercising regularly, you should meet with a health adviser first and discuss your options.(如果你计划开始定期锻炼，你应该先与健康顾问会面，讨论你的选择)”以及后文“Working with a personal trainer is often a safe and enjoyable way to start a new activity.(与私人教练一起锻炼通常是开始一项新活动的一种安全而愉快的方式)”可知，本句主要说明锻炼需要按照教练的指导，才不会受伤，故F选项“如果不确定如何正确地做运动，请向教练或教员寻求帮助”符合语境，故选F。 4．根据上文“It is important to warm up before physical activity because research has shown that a heated muscle is less likely to be strained (扭伤). One way experts recommend is some light walking or jogging before you start your exercise and then again afterward to help your muscles cool down slowly.(运动前热身是很重要的，因为研究表明，肌肉加热后不太可能拉伤。专家建议的一种方法是在开始锻炼之前进行一些轻微的散步或慢跑，然后再进行一次，以帮助你的肌肉慢慢冷却下来)”以及后文“This can be done by stretching before and after a workout, but it is best to do so once the body is already warm.(这可以通过在锻炼前后伸展来完成，但最好是在身体已经暖和的时候进行)”可知，后文提到锻炼前后要伸展，推测本句主要说明伸展的作用，故C选项“另一个防止受伤的重要方法是增加你的柔韧性”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据上文“Don’t push yourself too hard or too fast.(不要把自己逼得太紧或太快)”以及后文“We need to allow for enough time to gradually increase training levels so that our bodies have time to adjust to the stress on our bones, joints and muscles.(我们需要留出足够的时间来逐渐提高训练水平，这样我们的身体就有时间来适应骨骼、关节和肌肉所承受的压力)”可知，本段的主旨是运动不能心急，需要循序渐进，故A选项“保持身材或学习一项新运动需要时间”符合语境，故选A。 Passage 2 （山东省济南市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末学习质量检测英语试题）Luck can really feel random, and it can be tough to know how to get good luck. Some individuals get in a temporary dilemma where things don’t go as planned. Others may be convinced they can’t catch a break. 1 It can be consistently attracted through effective strategies. Maintaining a positive mindset allows you to draw in luck. When you expect good things to happen, you are more likely to take risks that could lead to fortunate outcomes. By embracing this positive attitude, you become stronger in the face of challenges. 2 This allows you to try again after failure and find new opportunities. 3 A wider network leads to more opportunities in your pursuit of fortune. According to psychologist Richard Wiseman, the No. 1 predictor of how many lucky breaks person has is how interconnected they are with others. Additionally, the presence of a supportive community and friendships further enhances your chances of experiencing good fortune. Many lucky breaks occur as a result of bold (大胆的) actions. Even if you’re not typically seen as bold, you can still enhance your confidence. For example, if you’re feeling unhappy about your career prospects, polish your resume (简历) and apply to job listings that interest you. 4 By welcoming risks, you create opportunities for luck to find you. Luck favors those who are willing to consider new ideas. Being open to new concepts can help put your good-luck train on a new and faster track. But remember: Stay realistic. It’s not just about the mindset but the consequent actions that will be beneficial. 5 A．These actions help generate ideas. B．You also bounce back more quickly. C．Social connections can affect your luck. D．However, luck is not just a matter of chance. E．Actually, luck is something you’re born with. F．Making such a move is tough but well worth it. G．They are vital to turning opportunities into gains. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．F 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何通过有效策略吸引好运。 1．上文“Luck can really feel random, and it can be tough to know how to get good luck.(运气真的感觉很随机，而且很难知道如何获得好运)”提出运气具有随机性，且获得好运很难。D选项“However, luck is not just a matter of chance.(然而，运气不仅仅是偶然的问题)”与上文构成转折关系，指出运气并非仅仅是偶然，引出下文“It can be consistently attracted through effective strategies.(它可以通过有效的策略持续地被吸引)”说明可以通过策略吸引好运。上下文语意衔接自然。故选D项。 2．上文“By embracing this positive attitude, you become stronger in the face of challenges.(通过拥抱这种积极的态度，你在面对挑战时会变得更强)”说明积极态度能使人面对挑战时更强。B选项“You also bounce back more quickly.(你也能更快地恢复)”承接上文，说明积极态度还能使人更快地从挫折中恢复过来，“also”表示并列的递进，引出积极态度的另一个好处。故选B项。 3．下文“A wider network leads to more opportunities in your pursuit of fortune.(更广泛的社交网络会在你追求好运的过程中带来更多的机会)”说明社交网络对追求好运的重要性。C选项“Social connections can affect your luck.(社交关系会影响你的运气)”引出下文，说明社交关系对运气的影响，即更广泛的社交网络能带来更多机会。故选C项。 4．上文“Even if you’re not typically seen as bold, you can still enhance your confidence. For example, if you’re feeling unhappy about your career prospects, polish your resume and apply to job listings that interest you.(即使你通常并不被认为是大胆的，你仍然可以增强你的自信心。例如，如果你对你的职业前景感到不满意，那就打磨你的简历，申请你感兴趣的工作职位)”建议要大胆行动，如打磨简历、申请感兴趣的工作。F选项“Making such a move is tough but well worth it.(做出这样的举动是艰难的，但非常值得)”承接上文，说明大胆行动虽然艰难但值得，因为这样做能创造机会让好运找到你。故选F项。 5．上文“It’s not just about the mindset but the consequent actions that will be beneficial.(这不仅仅是心态问题，随之而来的行动也将是有益的)”强调行动的重要性。G选项“They are vital to turning opportunities into gains.(它们对于将机会转化为收获至关重要)”承接上文，进一步说明行动对于将机会转化为实际收获的重要性，“They”指代上文“the consequent actions”。故选G项。 主题04 人与社会——文学，艺术与体育 Passage 1 （山东省烟台市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末学业水平考试英语试题）Running offers numerous advantages such as enhancing health and even forming new friendships. 1 Do you want to breast the tape at the finish line? Here are quality tips on how to run cross-country faster. As with any running plan, boosting your cross-country rate starts with building a base. Aerobic (有氧的) fitness comes into play during this foundational phase, which means your muscles are receiving a sufficient amount of oxygen and energy. 2 Apart from consistent running, for an anaerobic (无氧的) push, it’s essential to occasionally add in anaerobic exercise: strides — short bursts of a faster pace, which can sharpen the legs. You can do something a little bit quick over a brief duration. 3 Training anaerobically comes in handy for that end-of-the-race kick. 4 Compared to road racing, cross-country landscapes are undeniably diverse with windy paths, steep hills or sharp turns, seeming impossible to gain speed on. A good knowledge of the types of environment you’ll be racing on guarantees you know how to engage your muscles differently on the race day. A track is flat and controlled with at most 20 people in a race while in cross-country, you can have up to 200 people on the starting line. Be aware of who is around you and use them as a reference point and find that moment to speed up. It’s hard to put a time to one course with courses ranging from flat golf courses to hilly, muddy paths. 5 It’s more about the competition, not the time. A．Is there a specific technique? B．Just focus on the race at hand. C．It enables them to sustain long runs. D．You can refer to landmarks for the directions. E．So when you do go faster, it won’t be a shock to the body. F．Familiarity with the setting of the competition is also a must. G．But when it comes to racing cross-country, speed matters most. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．E 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分享了提高越野跑的跑步速度的一些建议。 1．前文“Running offers numerous advantages such as enhancing health and even forming new friendships. (跑步有很多好处，比如增进健康，甚至结交新朋友)”提到跑步的各种好处，后文“Do you want to breast the tape at the finish line? Here are quality tips on how to run cross-country faster. (你想冲过终点线吗？这里有一些关于如何跑得更快的建议)”指出有建议可以帮助跑得更快，空处应起到过渡作用，和跑步速度有关，因此G项“But when it comes to racing cross-country, speed matters most. (但在越野跑中，速度是最重要的)”符合语境，指出越野跑中速度最重要，和前文构成转折，引出后文的建议。故选G。 2．前文“Aerobic (有氧的) fitness comes into play during this foundational phase, which means your muscles are receiving a sufficient amount of oxygen and energy. (有氧健身在这个基础阶段起作用，这意味着你的肌肉得到了足够的氧气和能量)”指出基础阶段需要进行有氧健身，增强肌肉，空处是段末句，应该是继续说明增强肌肉对越野跑的用处，因此C项“It enables them to sustain long runs. (这使它们能够维持长时间的跑步)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的them指代前文的your muscles。故选C。 3．前文“Apart from consistent running, for an anaerobic (无氧的) push, it’s essential to occasionally add in anaerobic exercise: strides — short bursts of a faster pace, which can sharpen the legs. You can do something a little bit quick over a brief duration. (除了持续的跑步，为了增强无氧能力，偶尔加入无氧运动也很重要：比如冲刺跑——短距离的快速跑，这能增强腿部力量。你可以进行一些短时间内的快速运动)”建议偶尔进行无氧运动，增强腿部力量，后文“Training anaerobically comes in handy for that end-of-the-race kick. (无氧训练对比赛快结束时的冲刺很有用)”指出无氧训练的好处，空处应该也是点明其好处，因此E项“So when you do go faster, it won’t be a shock to the body. (所以当你跑得更快时，它不会对身体造成冲击)”符合语境，承接前文。故选E。 4．后文“Compared to road racing, cross-country landscapes are undeniably diverse with windy paths, steep hills or sharp turns, seeming impossible to gain speed on. A good knowledge of the types of environment you’ll be racing on guarantees you know how to engage your muscles differently on the race day. (与公路赛相比，越野赛的地形无疑更加多样，有蜿蜒曲折的小径、陡峭的山坡或急转弯，似乎很难提速。对比赛环境类型有充分的了解，能确保你在比赛当天知道如何以不同的方式调动肌肉)”主要说明越野赛地形多样，需要对其环境有所了解，空处作为段首句，应该是总的建议熟悉越野赛的环境，因此F项“Familiarity with the setting of the competition is also a must. (熟悉比赛的环境也是必须的)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选F。 5．前文“It’s hard to put a time to one course with courses ranging from flat golf courses to hilly, muddy paths. (由于赛道类型多样，从平坦的高尔夫球场到起伏泥泞的小路都有，所以很难为一场比赛设定一个固定的时长)”指出为越野赛确定固定时长并不实际，后文“It’s more about the competition, not the time. (更重要的是竞争，而不是时间)”指出竞争本身比时间更重要，空处应该是建议关注比赛本身，因此B项“Just focus on the race at hand. (专注于眼前的比赛)”符合语境，承前启后。故选B。 Passage 2 （山东省德州市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）It’s December and there’s a definite chill in the air. The last thing you probably feel like doing in winter is opening a window, turning down the central heating and shifting workouts from a warm, cosy gym to the outdoors.   1 Here’s how experts say we can embrace it.   Hop off the treadmill (跑步机) and head outdoors for a greater fitness effect. Cold as it seems outdoors, running, cycling or walking in winter not only are good for you, but also make you feel easier once you get moving. Provided conditions are not freezing, our bodies tend to respond positively to colder weather workouts. Compared with exercising in the heat, there is less stress on the heart. 2 Cool your bedroom to burn extra calories and sleep well. Underfloor heating and a quilt might make your bedroom feel cosy but they won’t help you sleep. 3 By gradually cooling the temperature in your bedroom you could drop off more easily and burn more calories even as you sleep.   Turn down the central heating to improve your blood sugar control. Studies have shown how repeated exposure to colder temperatures removes sugar from the blood quickly, a risk factor for diabetes (糖尿病). 4 That would just make the household cold and uncomfortable, so we should reduce it slowly so that nobody notices.   5 One of the simplest ways to inject the benefits of colder temperatures into your lifestyle is cold water in the shower, which could potentially have a profound effect on mood. Additionally, the cold-water shower can stimulate leukocytes, blood cells that fight against infection. A．Take an outdoor dip to relieve stress. B．Therefore, it is likely to feel less of an effort. C．Neither will they better your health and fat-burning potential. D．The key is not to lower the temperature by several degrees suddenly. E．Take a cold shower to boost your mood and support your immune system. F．But embracing, rather than avoiding cold temperatures, can enhance health. G．Being so uncomfortably cold that we shake is not required for a health boost. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了在寒冷的冬季如何通过接受而非避免低温来增强健康。 1．根据上文“The last thing you probably feel like doing in winter is opening a window, turning down the central heating and shifting workouts from a warm, cosy gym to the outdoors.(冬季里，你最不愿意做的事情可能就是打开窗户、调低室内集中供暖的温度，并且把锻炼场所从温暖舒适的健身房转移到户外)”可知，此处上下文说的是不要逃避寒冷的气温，与F项“But embracing, rather than avoiding cold temperatures, can enhance health.(但是，拥抱而非逃避寒冷的气温，可以增强健康)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。 2．根据上文“Provided conditions are not freezing, our bodies tend to respond positively to colder weather workouts. Compared with exercising in the heat, there is less stress on the heart.(在不冰冷的条件下，我们的身体往往会对寒冷天气的锻炼做出积极反应。与在高温下锻炼相比，心脏的压力更小)”可知，此处上下文说的是在不是太冷的条件下，心脏压力会更小，使人感觉不那么费力，与B项“Therefore, it is likely to feel less of an effort.(因此，这可能会让人感觉不那么费力)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。 3．根据上文“Underfloor heating and a quilt might make your bedroom feel cosy but they won’t help you sleep.(地暖和被子可能会让你的卧室感觉舒适，但它们不会帮助你入睡)”可知，此处上下文说的是地暖和被子对健康的不利之处，与C项“Neither will they better your health and fat-burning potential.(它们也不会改善你的健康状况或提高脂肪燃烧的可能性)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。 4．根据下文“That would just make the household cold and uncomfortable, so we should reduce it slowly so that nobody notices.(这只会让家里变得寒冷和不舒服，所以我们应该慢慢减少，这样就不会有人注意到)”可知，上文说的是不要突然把温度降低太多，与D项“The key is not to lower the temperature by several degrees suddenly.(关键是不要突然把温度降低几度)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 5．根据下文“One of the simplest ways to inject the benefits of colder temperatures into your lifestyle is cold water in the shower, which could potentially have a profound effect on mood. Additionally, the cold-water shower can stimulate leukocytes, blood cells that fight against infection.(将低温带来的好处注入生活方式的最简单方法之一是淋浴时的冷水，这可能会对情绪产生深远影响。此外，冷水淋浴可以刺激白细胞，即对抗感染的血细胞)”可知，本段说的是洗冷水澡对情绪以及免疫系统的有利影响，与E项“Take a cold shower to boost your mood and support your immune system.(洗个冷水澡可以增强你的情绪，支持你的免疫系统)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。 Passage 3 （山东省潍坊市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）The format you save your photos in comes down to a choice between convenience and excellence, the short-term ease of JPEG versus the creation in RAW of your best photo possible. Of course, it is not either-or. 1 . But for those times that are special, that demand greater care and effort, a simple setting on your camera will help you take the best possible photograph. 2 . They determine how much data is stored when you press the shutter. RAW typically captures either 12-bit or 14-bit files, meaning they can represent billions of colour shades and tones. JPEGs (limited, to 8 bits) reproduce, about 16 million colour variations—plenty for a god basic shot, but when shooting for something special, it’s always better to have more colour, more light and more control. It is in the editing that you discover RAW’s edge. After uploading to your computer, tablet or phone, the images can be “developed” in a basic photo editing program. It doesn’t take long to learn to fine-tune the images. Even under- and overexposed images can be enhanced to enliven shadows and highlights without any of the graininess (颗粒) that comes with inadequate light. 3 Because the editing process is “lossless”, the original RAW file is unaffected by your edits and can be stored or edited again for a different effect. To make sure you don’t run out of space to store all that data, bring along lots of memory cards that you can swap in to your camera as you go. 4 Wondering how to get started? Dig into your camera or smartphone settings to change format and explore RAW. 5 Then it’s time to play. In a flash, you’ll see just what difference you can make to your photos. A．Take a few shots in both JPEG and RAW. B．They are cheap and light, so there’s no need to ever run out. C．Digital cameras have two basic shooting formats, JPEG and RAW. D．Various camera brands have their own unique RAW image formats. E．But learning how to edit photos requires plenty of practice and creativity. F．There are times when a few shots are all you need to capture the moment. G．Once edited to your standard, the image is easily shared as a JPEG or other formats. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．G 4．B 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个能够帮助拍出更好的照片的设置。 1．根据上文“Of course, it is not either-or.(当然，这不是非此即彼的。)”和下文“But for those times that are special, that demand greater care and effort, a simple setting on your camera will help you take the best possible photograph.(但是对于那些特殊的时刻，需要更多的关注和努力，在你的相机上一个简单的设置将帮助你拍出最好的照片。)”可知，空处提出的是平常情况下的拍摄需求，F项中的“There are times”和下文中的“But for those times that are special”对应。F项：There are times when a few shots are all you need to capture the moment.(有时候，你只需要几张照片就能捕捉到那个瞬间。)符合语境。故选F。 2．空处为段落主题句。根据下文“They determine how much data is stored when you press the shutter. (当你按下快门时，它们决定存储多少数据。)”可知，本段主要介绍了相机的两种拍摄格式，下文中的“they”指代上文的“JPEG and RAW”。C项：Digital cameras have two basic shooting formats, JPEG and RAW.(数码相机有两种基本的拍摄格式，JPEG和RAW。)符合语境。故选C。 3．根据下文“Because the editing process is “lossless”, the original RAW file is unaffected by your edits and can be stored or edited again for a different effect.(因为编辑过程是“无损的”，原始的RAW文件不受您的编辑影响，可以存储或再次编辑不同的效果。)”中的“the editing process(这种编辑程序”可知，上文提出了某种编辑标准。G项：Once edited to your standard, the image is easily shared as a JPEG or other formats.(一旦编辑成您的标准，图像很容易共享为JPEG或其他格式。)符合语境。故选G。 4．根据上文“To make sure you don’t run out of space to store all that data, bring along lots of memory cards that you can swap in to your camera as you go.(为了确保你不会耗尽存储所有数据的空间，带上很多存储卡，这样你就可以随时换到你的相机里。)”可知，空处解释带上很多存储卡的好处。B项中的“they”指代上文的“lots of memory cards”。B项：They are cheap and light, so there’s no need to ever run out.(它们既便宜又轻便，所以永远不需要用完。)符合语境。故选B。 5．根据上文“Wondering how to get started? Dig into your camera or smartphone settings to change format and explore RAW.(想知道如何开始？深入研究您的相机或智能手机设置，改变格式和探索RAW。)”可知，空处承接上文，说明完成设置之后应该如何操作。A项：Take a few shots in both JPEG and RAW.(用JPEG和RAW格式拍几张照片。)符合语境。故选A。 主题01 人与社会——历史，社会与文化 Passage 1 （山东省聊城市多校2024-2025学年高三上学期期末诊断检测英语试题）The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of Winter, the 19th solar term and the first for winter, usually falls on November 7-8. Here are three things about Start of Winter. Worshiping ancestors 1 . The emperor would fast for three days before its arrival and then lead officials to the suburban regions. They would perform big rituals to welcome the arrival of Winter God. Incense was burned and sacrifices were offered to ancestors. They would also honor heroes who sacrificed themselves for the nation, and pray for protection for their spirit. 2 To stay warm in the winter cold, people usually consume foods with rich proteins around Start of Winter, particularly chicken, duck, fish and meat. Old Fire Soup is a true delicacy in the southern region of China. It is a slow-cooked soup that is simmered for hours with various herbs, meats and vegetables. But people in Northern China have a tradition of eating dumplings. 3 . Making winter wine As winter begins, nature prepares its best conditions for the brew of yellow wine in Shaoxing, which has a history of 2,500 years and is considered one of the most famous varieties of Chinese wine. Traditionally, it is warmed to entertain guests, to drive away the winter chills and to warm the soul. 4 . Water is usually clearer around this time while the low temperature restricts the growth of germs. 5 . These customs not only add warmth to the cold season but pass down the ancient wisdom. A．Eating dumplings B．Nourishing the winter C．Start of Winter used to be a big day in China D．Start of Winter is rich in traditions and cultural meanings E．Just as the name indicates, it declares the beginning of winter F．And mutton pot is also in huge demand in many regions around Start of Winter G．There are two main contributors to the sweet flavor during the brewing process 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．F 4．G 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了立冬这一节气的传统习俗和文化意义。 1．由下文“The emperor would fast for three days before its arrival and then lead officials to the suburban regions. They would perform big rituals to welcome the arrival of Winter God. Incense was burned and sacrifices were offered to ancestors. They would also honor heroes who sacrificed themselves for the nation, and pray for protection for their spirit. (皇帝会在立冬到来前斋戒三天，然后率领官员前往城郊地区。他们会举行盛大的仪式来迎接冬神的降临。人们焚香祭祖，同时也会缅怀那些为国家献身的英雄，并祈求神灵护佑他们的英灵。)”可知，下文描述了中国古代对立冬这一天的重视，本空应强调立冬这一天过去在中国是很重要的，会举行各种重大仪式。C选项“Start of Winter used to be a big day in China (立冬过去在中国是一个重要的日子)”能够概括这一段的内容，引出下文关于立冬重要活动的描述，符合语境。故选C。 2．此空为小标题；由下文“To stay warm in the winter cold, people usually consume foods with rich proteins around Start of Winter, particularly chicken, duck, fish and meat. (为了在冬天的寒冷中保暖，人们通常在立冬前后食用富含蛋白质的食物，尤其是鸡肉、鸭肉、鱼肉和肉类。)”可知，这一段主要讲的是立冬时节人们的饮食，本空应强调通过饮食来滋养身体，抵御寒冷。B选项“Nourishing the winter(冬季滋补)”能够准确概括这一段的主旨，符合语境。故选B。 3．由上文“To stay warm in the winter cold, people usually consume foods with rich proteins around Start of Winter, particularly chicken, duck, fish and meat. Old Fire Soup is a true delicacy in the southern region of China. It is a slow-cooked soup that is simmered for hours with various herbs, meats and vegetables. But people in Northern China have a tradition of eating dumplings. (为了在冬日的严寒中保持温暖，人们通常会在立冬时节食用富含蛋白质的食物，尤其是鸡肉、鸭肉、鱼肉和肉类。老火靓汤是中国南方地区的一道真正的美味佳肴。这是一种慢炖的汤品，会用各种中药材、肉类和蔬菜慢火炖煮数小时。而在中国北方，人们则有吃饺子的传统。)”可知，上文讲的是立冬时节人们的饮食，最后列举立冬时北方人吃饺子的传统，本空应对上文进行补充，列举其它饮食习惯。F选项“And mutton pot is also in huge demand in many regions around Start of Winter (而且在立冬前后，羊肉火锅在很多地区也很受欢迎)”进一步补充了立冬时其他的饮食传统，与上文关于饮食的内容相呼应，符合语境。故选F。 4．由上文“As winter begins, nature prepares its best conditions for the brew of yellow wine in Shaoxing, which has a history of 2, 500 years and is considered one of the most famous varieties of Chinese wine. Traditionally, it is warmed to entertain guests, to drive away the winter chills and to warm the soul. (随着冬季的到来，大自然为绍兴黄酒的酿造提供了绝佳的条件。绍兴黄酒有着 2500 年的历史，被认为是中国最著名的酒类品种之一。按照传统，人们会将绍兴黄酒温热后用来款待客人，以此驱走冬日的寒意，温暖心灵。)”及下文“Water is usually clearer around this time while the low temperature restricts the growth of germs. (这段时间水通常更清澈，而低温限制了细菌的生长。)”可知，上文提到传统上加热黄酒用来招待客人，以驱散冬天的寒冷，温暖心灵，下文提到这段时间水通常更清澈且低温限制了细菌的生长，由此推知，本句应强调立冬满足酿造黄酒的条件，有适当的水和温度，G选项“There are two main contributors to the sweet flavor during the brewing process (在酿造过程中，有两个主要因素决定了甜味)”讲述了黄酒的酿造条件，能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 5．由下文“These customs not only add warmth to the cold season but pass down the ancient wisdom. (这些习俗不仅为寒冷的季节增添了温暖，而且传承了古人的智慧。)”可知，下文提到的these customs指的是立冬时节的习俗，由此可知，本句应说明立冬这一节气富含传统和文化意义，D选项“Start of Winter is rich in traditions and cultural meanings (立冬富含传统和文化意义)”点明本段主题，且句中traditions and cultural meanings与下文These customs及ancient wisdom相呼应，符合题意。故选D。 Passage 2 （山东省部分学校2024-2025学年高三毕业班上学期学业水平质量检测英语试题）One morning, a group of six teenage girls and their adult leader began their hike from a cottage, expecting mild weather. 1 The first part of their route was exposed and the path was narrow, so it could be dangerous for the lighter girls in the group. Realizing the situation was worsening, the adult leader decided to turn the group back to the hut before they reached the most exposed section of the path. While the girls were disappointed and eager to continue, the leader knew that safety had to come first. Back at the cottage, the leader reassured (安慰) the group that they were safe and explained why returning was the best choice. 2 Though some of the girls were upset, they quickly understood the importance of staying sheltered until the weather improved. The leader took a moment to assess their resources. The weather forecast predicted worsening conditions later, and they might be stuck at the cottage for longer than expected. Fortunately, everyone had planned for situations like this. They had brought extra food, so they were well-prepared to wait for a day or two if needed. 3 To avoid their families’ concerns, the group used satellite communication devices to let them know they were safe. 4 The leader continued to monitor the weather and noticed the wind slowly calming. As conditions improved, the group continued their hike safely. 5 Not only did they turn what could have been a dangerous situation into an opportunity for learning, but they also gained valuable experience in managing the unexpected outdoors. A．This foresight allowed the group to remain calm. B．They decided to stay put until the wind died down. C．This also prevented the risk of an unnecessary search. D．The girls built a shelter using available materials for protection. E．The leader decided to call for help immediately after turning back. F．However, the wind quickly became much stronger than forecasted. G．The group stayed calm, planned ahead, and communicated effectively. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．G 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了六个十几岁的女孩和她们的成年领队从一间小屋开始徒步旅行的故事。 1．根据上文“One morning, a group of six teenage girls and their adult leader began their hike from a cottage, expecting mild weather.(一天早上，六个十几岁的女孩和她们的成年领队从一间小屋开始徒步旅行，期待着温和的天气)”可知，选项应承接上文讲述天气情况。故F选项“然而，风很快变得比预测的强得多”切题。故选F项。 2．根据上文“Back at the cottage, the leader reassured (安慰) the group that they were safe and explained why returning was the best choice.(回到小屋，领队向大家保证他们是安全的，并解释了为什么返回是最好的选择)”以及下文“Though some of the girls were upset, they quickly understood the importance of staying sheltered until the weather improved.(虽然有些女孩很沮丧，但她们很快就明白了待在避难所直到天气好转的重要性)”可知，选项承接上下文说明他们的决定。stay put呼应staying sheltered。故B选项“他们决定呆在原地，直到风停”切题。故选B项。 3．根据上文“They had brought extra food, so they were well-prepared to wait for a day or two if needed.(他们带了额外的食物，所以他们做好了充分的准备，如果需要的话，可以等上一两天)”可知，选项承接上文说明上文举措的作用。故A选项“这种远见使这群人保持冷静”切题。故选A项。 4．根据上文“To avoid their families’ concerns, the group used satellite communication devices to let them know they were safe.(为了避免家人的担忧，这群人使用卫星通信设备让他们知道他们是安全的)”可知，选项承接上文说明使用卫星通信设备的作用。故C选项“这也避免了不必要的搜索风险”切题。故选C项。 5．本段总结文章，结合下文“Not only did they turn what could have been a dangerous situation into an opportunity for learning, but they also gained valuable experience in managing the unexpected outdoors.(他们不仅把原本可能是危险的情况变成了一个学习的机会，而且还获得了管理意外户外活动的宝贵经验)”可知，G选项“团队保持冷静，提前计划，有效沟通”切题，总结了上文的应对措施，并开启下文。故选G项。 Passage 3 （山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）Culture shock is the experience that often accompanies moving to an unfamiliar place. It could be marked by feeling lost, anxious or hesitant. 1 You’ll become accustomed to the same things that initially “shocked” you! Read on for tips for overcoming culture shock in a short time. When deciding to visit an entirely new place, don’t expect the traditions and cultures followed by your current home to be followed by the new land. 2 So keep your expectations low. Even though it is an unfamiliar environment hosting different cultures and traditions from the one you’re used to, it’s vital to broaden your mind and be willing to try new things. Don’t be quick to form discriminatory judgments just because it is “odd”. Have a go at something different, like a food or clothing — different isn’t necessarily bad. 3 Social psychologists claim that lack of information is the biggest contributor to prejudices. Talk to the local population and ask them about how their culture works instead of assuming the worst. 4 Plus, you’ll make some friends who can ease your transformation. Keep yourself open-minded, await new experiences and familiarize yourself with the conduct of the people. 5 Go out there and have fun! A．Integrity breaks down barriers. B．You can gain insight into your surroundings. C．Culture shock will eventually disappear, though. D．Every city or country has its own values and beliefs. E．Never do you know where you might find an interest. F．Consequently, such memories are what you should treasure. G．As long as you stick to that, you’ll soon adjust to the new culture. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．E 4．B 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了短时间内克服文化冲击的建议。 1．根据上文“Culture shock is the experience that often accompanies moving to an unfamiliar place. It could be marked by feeling lost, anxious or hesitant.(文化冲击是指移居到一个不熟悉的地方所带来的体验。它的特点可能是感到失落、焦虑或犹豫)”以及后文“You’ll become accustomed to the same things that initially “shocked” you!(你会习惯最初“震惊”你的同样的事情)”可知，后文提到了会习惯文化冲击，说明文化冲击最终会消失。故C选项“文化冲击最终会消失”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据上文“When deciding to visit an entirely new place, don’t expect the traditions and cultures followed by your current home to be followed by the new land.(当你决定去一个全新的地方旅游时，不要指望你现在的家乡所遵循的传统和文化会被新的地方所遵循)”可知，上文提到了新的地方有新的传统和文化，故本句承接上文说明每个地方文化方面的不同。故D选项“每个城市或国家都有自己的价值观和信仰”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据上文“Even though it is an unfamiliar environment hosting different cultures and traditions from the one you’re used to, it’s vital to broaden your mind and be willing to try new things. Don’t be quick to form discriminatory judgments just because it is “odd”. Have a go at something different, like a food or clothing — different isn’t necessarily bad.(即使这是一个陌生的环境，与你所习惯的环境有着不同的文化和传统，拓宽你的思维，愿意尝试新事物也是至关重要的。不要因为它“奇怪”就迅速形成歧视性的判断。尝试一些不同的东西，比如食物或衣服——不同并不一定是坏事)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文说明尝试新事物的原因。故E选项“你永远不知道你会在哪里找到兴趣”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据上文“Social psychologists claim that lack of information is the biggest contributor to prejudices. Talk to the local population and ask them about how their culture works instead of assuming the worst.(社会心理学家声称，缺乏信息是造成偏见的最大原因。与当地人交谈，询问他们的文化是如何运作的，而不是假设最坏的情况)”可知，本句承接上文说明与当地人交谈所带来的好处。故B选项“你可以洞察周围的环境”符合语境，故选B。 5．根据上文“Keep yourself open-minded, await new experiences and familiarize yourself with the conduct of the people.(保持开放的心态，等待新的经历，熟悉人们的行为)”可知，本句承接上文，说明上文一系列的行为的影响。故G选项“只要你坚持下去，你很快就会适应新的文化”符合语境，故选G。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （山东省菏泽市2024-2025学年高三上期末英语试题）Have you ever told a goldfish about your day? Complained to a dog about your brother or sister? Maybe you’ve held a cat and told him your favorite bedtime story. Many animals are great listeners. 1 It may come as no surprise that many animals have a strong sense of hearing. In fact, several can hear a wider range of frequencies (频率) than humans can. Cats, for example, hear noises between 45 and 64.000 hertz (Hz). Humans are limited to sounds between 64 and 23,000 Hz. Other common pets, like rabbits, also have wider ranges of hearing than people. 2 They can only sense noises between 20 and 3,000 Hz. Many other animals can hear an impressive range of sounds. For example, elephants can sense extremely low frequencies, all the way down to 16 Hz. 3 However, none of these animals have the best hearing. That award actually goes to an insect. The moth (蛾) can hear the widest range of frequencies, going up to 300,000 Hz. Researchers think the moth’s sharp sense of hearing may have developed to help it escape from its most common enemy: the bat. 4 Their ears might appear to be a clear indication of their remarkable hearing abilities. However, animals don’t need bat-like ears to hear. In fact, some don’t have ears at all! These earless creatures do hear, but at a limited, low range of frequencies. 5 Just like humans, many animals are born without hearing or lose the ability after illness or injury. If you’ve ever known a dog or cat with hearing loss, you know they find other clever ways to communicate, just like people do. A．Of course, not all animals can hear. B．Bats’ good hearing helps them in hunting. C．But how well do they actually hear? D．Goldfish, however, have rather limited hearing. E．Have you wondered which animal has the best listening range? F．This allows elephants to hear the clouds moving through the air. G．After all, bats have some of the best ears among mammals (哺乳动物). 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．F 4．G 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了不同动物的听力范围以及它们的听力能力。文章通过比较人类和动物的听力范围，进一步探讨了某些动物的听力能力如何帮助它们生存。 1．根据上文“Many animals are great listeners.(许多动物都是很好的倾听者)”可知，这里提到动物是好的倾听者，接着需要进一步探讨它们听力的实际能力。C“但他们的听力有多好呢？”切题，且引起下文。故选C项。 2．根据上文“Other common pets, like rabbits, also have wider ranges of hearing than people. (其他常见的宠物，如兔子，也比人类的听力范围更广。)”以及下文“They can only sense noises between 20 and 3,000 Hz.(它们只能感知20到3,000赫兹的声音。)”可知，选项与上文为转折关关系关系，说明某些动物的听力范围有限。D“然而，金鱼的听力相当有限”切题。故选D项。 3．上文“For example, elephants can sense extremely low frequencies, all the way down to 16 Hz.(例如，大象可以感知极低的频率，低至16赫兹。)”说明大象可以感知极低的频率。F项“这使得大象能够听到云在空气中移动的声音”承接上文，进一步阐述大象可以感知的频率有多低，切题。故选F项。 4．根据下文“Their ears might appear to be a clear indication of their remarkable hearing abilities.(他们的耳朵似乎清楚地表明了他们非凡的听力能力)”可知，选项承接上文说的是蝙蝠的耳朵。故G选项“毕竟，蝙蝠的耳朵是哺乳动物中最好的”切题。故选G项。 5．根据下文“Just like humans, many animals are born without hearing or lose the ability after illness or injury.(就像人类一样，许多动物天生没有听力，或者在生病或受伤后失去听力)”可推知，并非所有动物都能听到声音。A选项“当然，并非所有动物都能听到”引起下文。故选A项。 Passage 2 （山东省济南市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末学习质量检测英语试题）The brain is often seen as the most important organ of us humans. It controls our thoughts, emotions, memories and even our movements. However, what many people often forget is that the brain and the body are closely connected. 1 Studies have shown that regular exercise can significantly improve cognitive functions such as memory, attention and problem-solving abilities. 2 How does this happen? Well, the answer lies in the way exercise affects the brain. Exercise increases the production of proteins that promote the growth and survival of neurons (神经元), thus ensuring better brain functions. Moreover, exercise has a positive impact on mood and mental well-being. It helps release some natural mood boosters that make us feel more positive and happy. 3 As for the exercise varieties, it’s not just about aerobic (有氧的) exercises like running or cycling. 4 It improves concentration and decision-making abilities by enhancing the connectivity between different regions of the brain. 5 Exercise isn’t just about keeping fit or losing weight; it’s about improving cognitive functions, boosting mood and even helping us think more creatively. So, the next time you feel lazy or unmotivated to exercise, remember that every step you take is one step closer to a healthier, happier and more intelligent you. A．It even strengthens creativity. B．Actually the body deeply affects the brain. C．The brain also has great impacts on exercise. D．An exercise lover is unlikely to suffer depression. E．Walking and jogging do good to mental functions too. F．Strength training has also been shown to benefit the brain. G．The links between the brain and the body cannot be overstated. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．F 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动对大脑的影响，经常锻炼可以显著提高认知功能，如记忆力、注意力和解决问题的能力。 1．上文“However, what many people often forget is that the brain and the body are closely connected.(然而，很多人经常忘记的是，大脑和身体是紧密相连的)”提到了大脑和身体是有联系的，选项B中body和brain是关键词与上文呼应，构成顺承关系，所以B选项“实际上身体深深地影响着大脑。”能承接上文，符合语境。故选B项。 2．上文“Studies have shown that regular exercise can significantly improve cognitive functions such as memory, attention and problem-solving abilities.(研究表明，经常锻炼可以显著提高认知功能，如记忆力、注意力和解决问题的能力)”提到了经常锻炼的好处，A选项“它甚至能增强创造力”与上文构成递进关系，符合语境。故选A项。 3．上文“Moreover, exercise has a positive impact on mood and mental well-being. It helps release some natural mood boosters that make us feel more positive and happy.(此外，锻炼对情绪和精神健康有积极的影响。它有助于释放一些自然的情绪助推器，让我们感觉更积极和快乐)”提到了锻炼对情绪的影响，选项D中depression是关键词，与上文构成因果关系，所以D选项“热爱运动的人不太可能患抑郁症。”符合语境。故选D项。 4．上文“As for the exercise varieties, it’s not just about aerobic (有氧的) exercises like running or cycling.(至于运动的种类，不仅仅是跑步或骑自行车这样的有氧运动)”提到了运动的种类，选项F中Strength training是关键词，与上文的运动种类呼应，所以F选项“力量训练也被证明对大脑有益。”与上文构成顺承关系，符合语境。故选F项。 5．下文“Exercise isn’t just about keeping fit or losing weight; it’s about improving cognitive functions, boosting mood and even helping us think more creatively.(锻炼不仅仅是为了保持健康或减肥；它可以改善认知功能，改善情绪，甚至帮助我们更有创造性地思考)”提到了锻炼和大脑之间的联系，选项G“大脑和身体之间的联系怎么强调都不为过。”能概括下文内容。故选G项。 Passage 3 （（教研室）山东省泰安市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Life on Earth couldn’t exist without oceans. 1 World Oceans Day is a time to enhance understanding of oceans and why we must change the bad situation. World Oceans Day Did you know that 71 percent of our planet is covered in ocean? 2 People around the world wear blue to celebrate World Oceans Day on 8 June every year, which is aimed at knowing why oceans are in danger and how essential it is to protect them. Why we need oceans Evidently, without oceans, life couldn’t exist. Scientists don’t know the exact number, but they think that oceans are home to 50 to 80 per cent of all species on Earth. Oceans hold about 97 percent of all the water on our planet and give us rainwater and drinking water through the water cycle. 3 How we use oceans Humans use the ocean in diverse ways. A lot of our food comes from oceans, and millions of people worldwide have jobs related to fishing and fish farming. 4 We’ve been getting oil and gas from beneath the ocean floor for a long time, but now we are aware renewable energy is eco-friendly for the future. We can use the power of waves and tides to produce electricity, and many wind farms are located offshore. What we can do to help For World Oceans Day you could join in a beach clean-up to help prevent plastic and other rubbish getting into the sea. You could employ social media platforms to share posts, photos or videos to show how crucial oceans are. You could participate in a writing contest around the theme of the ocean or watch ocean-related documentaries. 5 So, take action instantly. A．Thus, it is vital to explore them. B．However, our oceans are in danger. C．Besides, fossil energy is running out. D．That’s why we call the Earth the “Blue Planet”. E．Oceans also provide us with much of our energy. F．Anyway, your efforts count remarkably in terms of protecting oceans. G．Additionally, much oxygen we breathe comes from the plants in the ocean. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．G 4．E 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何保护海洋的一些知识和举措。 1．根据上文“Life on Earth couldn’t exist without oceans.(没有海洋，地球上的生命就无法存在)”以及下文“World Oceans Day is a time to enhance understanding of oceans and why we must change the bad situation.(世界海洋日让我们加深对海洋的了解，了解我们为什么必须改变这种恶劣状况)”可知，选项与上文为转折关系且承接下文说明海洋现在的状况——处于危险中。in danger呼应bad situation。故B选项“然而，我们的海洋正处于危险之中”切题。故选B项。 2．根据上文“Did you know that 71 percent of our planet is covered in ocean?( 你知道地球上71%的面积被海洋覆盖吗？)”可知，空处应对问题进行回答。故D选项“这就是为什么我们称地球为“蓝色星球”的原因”切题。故选D项。 3．根据上文“Oceans hold about97 percent of all the water on our planet and give us rainwater and drinking water through the water cycle.(海洋拥有地球上97%的水，通过水循环为我们提供雨水和饮用水)”可知，选项与上文为并列关系说明海洋的作用。故G选项 “此外，我们呼吸的许多氧气来自海洋中的植物”切题。故选G项。 4．根据下文“We’ve been getting oil and gas from beneath the ocean floor for a long time, but now we are aware renewable energy is eco-friendly for the future.(我们从海底开采石油和天然气已经有很长一段时间了，但现在我们意识到可再生能源在未来是环保的)”可知，选项承接下文说明海洋提供给了人类能源。energy呼应oil and gas。故E选项“海洋也为我们提供了大量的能源”切题。故选E项。 5．根据上文“You could employ social media platforms to share posts, photos or videos to show how crucial oceans are. You could participate in a writing contest around the theme of the ocean or watch ocean-related documentaries.(你可以利用社交媒体平台分享帖子、照片或视频，来展示海洋的重要性。你可以参加以海洋为主题的写作比赛，或者观看与海洋有关的纪录片)”可知，选项承接上文说明努力的作用。故F选项“无论如何，你的努力在保护海洋方面是非常重要的”切题。故选F项。 Passage 4 （山东省德州市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Over the years, with more households embracing the joys of pet companionship, we’ve witnessed a remarkable rise in pet ownership. 1 As we have entered 2025, this trend has continued. Multiple factors have contributed to the people’s craze for possessing pets. Many researchers assume that the trend is fueled by the growing recognition of pets as family members. The heightened awareness of mental health benefits is another consideration. In the fast-paced society, pets are becoming part of people’s emotional well-being, bringing comfort and relief. 2 The demand for environmentally responsible pet products is on the rise. Pet owners are increasingly centering on eco-friendly products for their beloved companions, from toys to food options. 3 Pet businesses are embracing eco-friendly practices and introducing innovative green solutions to meet consumer preferences. Today’s pet owners are seeking personalized services that cater to their furry friends’ individual needs and preferences. Whether it’s customized grooming (美容) treatments or tailored dietary plans, there’s a growing demand for personalized pet care experiences. 4 The application of this innovative technology will enable businesses to offer highly individualized services for pet owners accordingly. The digital transformation of the pet industry has brought about a new era of convenience and accessibility. 5 For example, e-commerce platforms can offer a wide variety of pet supplies while mobile apps provide on-demand pet care services. They are providing convenience and customer experiences for pet owners. A．Pet care businesses can unlock a new lifestyle. B．What we can’t overlook is the humanization of pets. C．We are also expecting personalized pet services by AI. D．They are considered an escape from the depressing daily life. E．Statistics from the previous year saw a rapid growth in pet-owning households. F．As we promote a green life, the emphasis on sustainability is expected to intensify. G．Online platforms are transforming how the pet owners access products and services. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．F 4．C 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了导致人们拥有宠物热潮的多种因素。 1．上文“Over the years, with more households embracing the joys of pet companionship, we’ve witnessed a remarkable rise in pet ownership. (近年来，随着越来越多的家庭享受宠物陪伴的乐趣，我们见证了宠物饲养量的显著增长。)”指出近年来宠物饲养量显著增长，下文“As we have entered 2025, this trend has continued.(当我们进入2025年时，这种趋势一直在继续。)”指出饲养宠物这一趋势一直在继续，空处应该承上启下，指出这一上升趋势，E项“上一年的统计数据在宠物拥有的家庭中迅速增长。”符合。故选E。 2．上文“ In the fast-paced society, pets are becoming part of people’s emotional well-being, bringing comfort and relief. (在快节奏的社会中，宠物正成为人们情感健康的一部分，带来安慰和缓解。)”指出人们养宠物的原因，即宠物正成为人们情感健康的一部分，带来安慰和缓解，空处承接上文，进一步指出宠物对于人们情感的好处，D项“它们被视为逃离令人压抑的日常生活的一种方式。”符合。故选D。 3．上文“Pet owners are increasingly centering on eco-friendly products for their beloved companions, from toys to food options.(宠物主人越来越关注为他们心爱的伴侣购买环保产品，从玩具到食物选择)”指出人们越来越重视为宠物选择环保产品，空处承接上文，对这一现象继续介绍，F项“随着我们推广绿色生活，对可持续性的重视预计将会加剧。”符合，指出人们会更加注重宠物产品的可持续性。故选F。 4．下文“The application of this innovative technology will enable businesses to offer highly individualized services for pet owners accordingly.(这种创新技术的应用将使企业能够为宠物主人提供高度个性化的服务。)”指出这种创新技术的应用将使企业能够为宠物主人提供高度个性化的服务，由此可知，空处应该指出这种创新技术应用是什么，C项“我们还期望AI提供个性化的宠物服务。”符合。故选C。 5．下文“For example, e-commerce platforms can offer a wide variety of pet supplies while mobile apps provide on-demand pet care services. They are providing convenience and customer experiences for pet owners.(例如，电子商务平台可以提供各种宠物用品，而移动应用程序提供按需宠物护理服务。它们正在为宠物主提供便利和客户体验)”举例子指出在线平台正在改变宠物主人获取产品和服务的方式。G项“在线平台正在改变宠物主人获取产品和服务的方式。”符合。故选G。 Passage 5 （山东省青岛市即墨区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）We often see a design on product packaging with arrows following each other in a circle. Actually, it is a symbol to indicate the product is recyclable, or that it is made from recycled materials. 1 At that time, environmentalists wanted to make it easier for people to recycle. One of the reasons to use the recycling symbol is to encourage people to recycle. When seeing the symbol, people may feel guilty about throwing the product away. Besides, it can be printed on waste containers. 2 Even if they are not familiar with the recycling process, this provides clear guidance. Plastics are often printed with a resin identification code (塑料分类标志) which is inside the recycling symbol. This code indicates the material used to make the plastic, allowing plastics to be sorted for recycling. 3 Companies display the recycling symbol on recycled products. It not only promotes their products, but also raises awareness about the practice of recycling. 4 Because they believe recycled products are more environmentally friendly. When products are made with recycled materials, the packaging must indicate the percentage of recycled products involved. For example, some companies use 5% post-consumer content to make paper. 5 This results in a significant difference in quality between the two types of paper. In this case, using a different recycling symbol helps to prevent confusion among people. A．However, others use a higher percentage. B．There are many types of recycling symbols. C．It allows people to deal with recycled goods properly. D．This reflects that recycling supports the circular economy. E．Some individuals also place great importance on recycled products. F．These codes are universal, making global plastic handling much easier. G．The concept of a universal recycling symbol was popularized in the 1970s. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．F 4．E 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了产品包装上出现的回收符号及其意义。 1．根据上文“We often see a design on product packaging with arrows following each other in a circle. Actually, it is a symbol to indicate the product is recyclable, or that it is made from recycled materials.(我们经常在产品包装上看到箭头一个接一个围成一个圆圈的设计。实际上，它是一个标志，表明产品是可回收的，或者它是由回收材料制成的)”以及后文“At that time, environmentalists wanted to make it easier for people to recycle. (当时，环保主义者想让人们更容易回收)”可知，上文提到产品包装上的符号表明产品是可回收的，接下来提到环保主义者想让人们更容易回收，所以可推测出中间缺失的句子应该是在讲述这种符号是什么时候被提出的，故G选项“通用回收标志的概念在20世纪70年代流行起来”符合语境，故选G。 2．根据上文“One of the reasons to use the recycling symbol is to encourage people to recycle. When seeing the symbol, people may feel guilty about throwing the product away. Besides, it can be printed on waste containers.(使用回收标志的原因之一是鼓励人们回收。当看到这个标志时，人们可能会对扔掉产品感到内疚。此外，它还可以印在废弃的容器上)”以及后文“Even if they are not familiar with the recycling process, this provides clear guidance.(即使他们不熟悉回收过程，这也提供了明确的指导)”可知，前后文表明回收符号可以印在废物容器上并为不熟悉回收过程的人提供明确的指导，所以可推测出中间缺失的句子应该是在讲述回收符号的作用，故C选项“它使人们能够正确处理回收物品”符合语境，故选C。 3．根据上文“Plastics are often printed with a resin identification code (塑料分类标志) which is inside the recycling symbol. This code indicates the material used to make the plastic, allowing plastics to be sorted for recycling.(塑料通常在回收标志内印有树脂识别码。这个代码表明了用于制造塑料的材料，允许塑料被分类回收)”可知，上文提到了塑料分类标志或代码，所以可推测出中间缺失的句子应该是在讲述这些代码的作用，故F选项“这些代码是通用的，使全球塑料处理更加容易”符合语境，故选F。 4．根据上文“Companies display the recycling symbol on recycled products. It not only promotes their products, but also raises awareness about the practice of recycling.(公司在回收的产品上展示回收标志。这不仅宣传了他们的产品，也提高了人们对回收利用的认识)”以及后文“Because they believe recycled products are more environmentally friendly.(因为他们相信回收产品更环保)”可知，上文提到了公司认为回收产品的好处，所以可推测出中间缺失的句子应该是在讲述个人方面非常重视回收产品，故E选项“一些人也很重视回收产品”符合语境，故选E。 5．根据上文“When products are made with recycled materials, the packaging must indicate the percentage of recycled products involved. For example, some companies use 5% post-consumer content to make paper.(当产品是用回收材料制造时，包装上必须标明回收产品的百分比。例如，一些公司使用5%的消费后内容来造纸)”以及后文“This results in a significant difference in quality between the two types of paper. In this case, using a different recycling symbol helps to prevent confusion among people.(这就造成了两种纸张质量的显著差异。在这种情况下，使用不同的回收符号有助于防止人们之间的混淆)”可知，后文提到了造成了质量的显著差异，推测本句是在说明其他公司使用百分比的不同之处。故A选项“然而，其他人使用更高的百分比”符合语境，故选A。 Passage 6 （山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题B卷）Animals deserve to live a safe and healthy life as much as humans do. 1 Some people try to get profit from everything and sometimes animals become victims. It is vital that we take action to protect animals. Below are some simple ways in which we can all contribute towards the protection of endangered animals. Spread awareness. One way to protect endangered animals is to create awareness about them. 2 Having seminars (研讨会) is another way of creating awareness. Also, familiarize people around you with the importance of the animals in your surroundings. Our routine activities directly or indirectly influence their lifestyle. Drive carefully in forest areas. It is important to watch the road when you are going through roads in forest areas. Many animals die while trying to cross the road because people do not pay attention to them. 3 Avoid plastic items. Do you know what happens to a plastic bag thrown into a river? 4 Plastic is a big threat to wildlife. And we have to reduce the overconsumption of life-threatening products to protect the endangered species. Prevent plastic items such as bags and containers. Shop in a handmade woven bag and recycle the boxes. 5 As a volunteer, you can offer support to animal rescue teams in your area. Such organizations are always short of funds and are looking for animal lovers to support the cause. Spending a portion of your daily or weekly schedule is one step towards saving wildlife and protecting endangered species. A．Change your regular routine. B．So, we highly suggest careful use of water. C．Spend time rescuing animals in your locality. D．Sadly, this does not have universal acceptance. E．So we can save their lives by being more careful. F．It is probably eaten by an adult turtle, choking it to death. G．You can create local community groups that work for this cause. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．E 4．F 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了保护濒危动物的一些方法。 1．根据上文“Animals deserve to live a safe and healthy life as much as humans do.”（动物应该和人类一样过上安全健康的生活。）根据下文“Some people try to get profit from everything and sometimes animals become victims.”（有些人试图从一切中获利，有时动物成为受害者。）可知，上文的观念没有得到普遍的认可。故D选项“遗憾的是，这并没有得到普遍的认可。”切题。故选D项。 2．根据下文“ Having seminars (研讨会 ) is another way of creating awareness. ”（举办研讨会是另一种提高意识的方式）可知，上文与下文为并列关系，说明提高意识的做法。故G选项“你可以创建当地的社区团体，为这个事业而努力”切题。故选G项。 3．根据标题“Drive carefully in forest areas.”（在森林地区开车要小心），再根据上文“Many animals die while trying to cross the road because people do not pay attention to them.”（许多动物在试图过马路时死亡，因为人们没有注意到它们。）可知，选项承接上文说明我们得小心驾驶可以挽救动物的生命。故E选项“所以我们可以通过更加小心来挽救他们的生命。”切题。故选E项。 4．根据上文“Do you know what happens to a plastic bag thrown into a river? ”（你知道把塑料袋扔进河里会发生什么吗?）根据下文“Plastic is a big threat to wildlife.”（塑料是野生动物的一大威胁）可知，空处说明塑料对动物的具体伤害。故F选项“它很可能被一只成年乌龟吃掉，海龟活活噎死。”切题。故选F项。 5．根据下文“As a volunteer, you can offer support to animal rescue teams in your area. Such organizations are always short of funds and are looking for animal lovers to support the cause.”（作为一名志愿者，你可以为你所在地区的动物救援队提供支持。这些组织总是缺乏资金，正在寻找动物爱好者来支持这项事业。）可知，本段告诉我们要花时间拯救你所在地区的动物。故C选项“要花时间拯救你所在地区的动物。”切题，为本段的主题句。故选C项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 阅读理解（七选五） 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （山东省临沂市郯城第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Your brain is always on. It works hard 24/7, even while you are asleep. This means your brain requires a constant supply of fuel. 1 And what’s in that fuel makes all the difference. How do the foods you eat affect your mental health? Serotonin (血清素) is a chemical in your body that helps regulate sleep and appetite, manage moods and reduce pain. About 95% of your serotonin is produced in your gut (消化道), and your gut is lined with a hundred million nerve cells. 2 What’s more, the function of these nerve cells and the production of neurotransmitters are greatly influenced by the billions of “good” bacteria (细菌) in your gut. 3 They ensure a strong barrier against harmful substance and “bad” bacteria; they improve how well you absorb nutrients from your food; and they activate neural pathways that travel directly between the gut and the brain. Studies have compared “traditional” diets, like the traditional Japanese diet, to a typical “Western” diet and have shown that the risk of depression is 25% to 35% lower in those who eat a traditional diet. 4 Traditional diets tend to be high in vegetables, fruits, unprocessed grains, and fish and seafood, and to contain only modest amounts of lean meats and dairy. Furthermore, these diets lack processed foods and sugars, which are key components of the “Western” diet. In addition, many of these unprocessed foods are fermented (发酵), making them natural good bacteria. So, what does this mean to you? 5 Try keeping a “clean” diet for two to three weeks, which means cutting out all processed foods and sugars, and see how you feel.Then slowly introduce foods back into your diet, one by one, and see how you feel. When some people “go clean,” they can’t believe how much better they feel, both physically and emotionally. A．Scientists account for this difference. B．That “fuel” comes from the foods you eat. C．These bacteria play an essential role in your health. D．Start paying attention to how eating different foods makes you feel. E．In contrast, diets high in refined sugars have been found harmful to brain health. F．So your digestive system not only aids digestion but also influences your emotions. G．Like an expensive car, your brain functions best when it gets only high-quality fuel. Passage 2 （山东省潍坊市普通高中2024-2025学年高三上学期1月学科素养能力测评英语试题）I finish work at 5:30 pm, race home, swiftly change into workout clothes and head down the road for my 7:30 pm gym class. Dinner finished and freshly washed, it’s now 9 pm. 1 Not tonight. I’m getting into bed, without phone to catch some Zzzs. My new routine is the routine du jour (热门) of Gen Z in their 20s, who are hitting the hay as early as 9 pm. Surprisingly, Gen Z briefly decided that dark circles were deeply fashionable. As a nation, we’re obsessed with sleep. In an increasingly health-conscious world, the new generation of wellbeing warriors prioritise the importance of feeling well-rested. 2 My new bedtime means I’m going to be getting around 10 hours’ sleep every night. As someone constantly on the go, I can’t deny this sounds positively dreamy. I imagine my future self well rested, sharp and lively. 3 I’m having to give up many of life’s pleasures — I can’t grab dinner with friends, I can’t go on dates where conversation flows into the early hours, and I certainly can’t go dancing all night. Am I at least more refreshed? Not so much. I find myself feeling sluggish (行动迟缓的). For all the endless talk about not getting enough sleep, I’m starting to wonder whether you can sleep too much. 4 Actually, I don’t think my slowing brain results from too many hours in bed. I’d put it down to just being bored. So what’s the solution? 5 Instead of enforcing a permanent 9pm bedtime, perhaps it’s simply about accepting that what works varies between each individual. I’m not opposed to the occasional bed rotting, but for the most part, it turns out I’d much rather gladly accept my dark circles as a sign of a good time. A．I believe, you can’t. B．It turns out, you can. C．So, do the 9pm-ers get something? D．How can they increase their rest time? E．But three days into my week-long trial, I’m getting increasingly annoyed. F．Usually, at this time, I’d catch up with messages or stick on a Netflix series. G．It’s all about knowing our own energy levels and adjusting our sleep cycles accordingly. Passage 3 （山东省青岛市莱西市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）Do you think true beauty is found in looks? Actually, what makes you attractive comes from within. 1 . Place your beauty in what you are but not what you are in your beauty. If you hold onto youthful beauty as a narrow definition of yourself, you won’t enjoy your looks as you age. 2 . It is only a part of what we show to the outer world. Go past your reflection and see the real self! 3 . Despite many anti-aging products, there is no magic solution to stopping the effects of aging. You should stop devaluing yourself just because you are getting older. Aim for a healthy life and keep yourself strong and fit. Eat healthy diet and be committed to a daily exercise routine. Lots of efforts are needed. You will feel better over a long term. Beauty relates to physical and psychological aspects. 4 . For Serena Williams, it is quite another issue. She never hides her unusual powerful physique (体格). Instead, her showing her muscles enhances her appeal. Many fans think she is beautiful. This proves that looking beautiful and attractive means more than our looks. Be less scared of aging and you will looks more beautiful. 5 . However, to those who age beautifully, it matters neither too much nor too little. Do enjoy our lives to the fullest. True beauty is about accepting yourself. It is also about feeling good about yourself. A．Beauty matters to all of us B．It comes from the both sides C．The fountain of youth doesn’t exist D．Go beyond what you see in the mirror E．It’s human nature to try to keep energetic F．People generally think beauty is only a skin-deep topic G．Changing the way you value beauty will give you life-long confidence Passage 4 （山东省滨州市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Will Exercising With A Cold Make You Sicker? Whether you’re a die-hard exercise devotee or just beginning to get into workout, you may worry that coming down with a cold could disturb your training routine 1 Researchers have looked into this problem and have concluded that a mild cold does not always have to prevent you. But there are several key warnings to keep in mind. Do the “neck check”. Before you start your workout gear, assess your symptoms carefully. The most popular advice is to do what’s referred to as the neck check, where if symptoms are above the neck, exercise is probably safe 2 If, however, you do have symptoms below the neck, such as a hacking cough, chest discomfort, nausea, diarrhea or body-wide symptoms like fever, muscle aches or fatigue, then it’s not a good idea to exercise. Monitor your symptoms. 3 What might begin as a runny nose could later become something more serious, like bronchitis or the flu. Proceed with caution, keep tabs on how you’re feeling and skip the workout if you start to feel worse. There’s this myth that you can sweat out a virus, but that is a terrible thing to do. If you’re not feeling well, heavy exercise can exacerbate your symptoms and increase your risk for complications. 4 . If you’re confident that your cold symptoms are manageable and you still feel up for exercising, moderate intensity cardiovascular (心血管) exercise for 30 to 45 minutes a session. A brisk 30-minute walk outside or a low-impact workout on a stationary bike would be a good option. 5 A．Stick to moderate workouts. B．Improve your immune response. C．Keep in mind that symptoms can evolve. D．Could a workout actually do you some good? E．Does your runny nose mean skipping your exercise session? F．However, if you feel light-headed or any pain while exercising, consider your cue to quit. G．If your only symptoms are nasal congestion (鼻塞) and a low-grade headache, a light workout is OK. 主题02 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （山东济南2024-2025学年高三上学期期末英语试题）In recent years, outdoor sports have become increasingly popular. According to the General Administration of Sport, over 400 million participants in outdoor activities have been recorded nationwide, with those born in the 1980s and 1990s leading the trend. 1 This has led some to associate outdoor sports with potential risks. Driven by the desire to share “brave explorer” moments online or a “come all the way up here” mindset, many beginners hurry to seek outdoor adventure without proper preparations. In reality, outdoor activities can be dangerous without enough skills and risk awareness. Beginners who ignore potential dangers may face hypothermia (失温) when hiking to high altitudes, get lost in forests, or be caught in thunderstorms. 2 So, how can we make outdoor sports safer? 3 Before heading out, research the environment, climate and seasonal conditions to choose a safe route and avoid risky or hard-to-access spots. Knowing the trail’s altitude (海拔) , difficulty level, supply points and emergency stations is crucial, and planning alternative escape routes can be life-saving. 4 Layered clothing is essential to adapt to changing weather conditions. Follow the principle of “remove layers when warm, add layers when cold and change clothes when wet”. 5 However, with systematic preparations, we can. significantly reduce the dangers. Always remember to tell friends or family about your route and estimated return time. so they can assist if needed. With proper preparations and safety measures, these adventures can be both exciting and rewarding. A．Having the right clothing choices is equally important. B．On the whole, outdoor sports indeed involve challenges. C．A well-designed plan and detailed preparation come first. D．All in all, outdoor sports can bring great fun and/ knowledge. E．They often lack the necessary equipment to ensure their safety. F．However, the rise in accidents has cast a shadow on this passion. G．These accidents highlight that outdoor sports are far more than a simple trip. Passage 2 （山东省青岛市四区联考2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）You might feel like you’re walking on a tight rope all the time, trying to be “good enough”. The feeling may play out as competence and hard work. 1 So, consider trying to be more aware of when you’re falling into that trap. Ahead, check out some of the signals. Staying calm in a crisis. Those who are more used to the stress of anxiety tend to react to crisis and extreme stress more effectively because their brains are accustomed to these high-stress states. However, there is something to be mindful of. 2 For someone with high anxiety, they may not realize there is an issue until they are experiencing extreme reactions and even medical issues. The advice is to give yourself breaks. Aiming for perfection. If you notice you’re highly sensitive to your mistakes or have ambitious goals, you’re looking at a few signs of perfectionism. Basically, it can serve as a defense mechanism when you’re anxious about not being “good enough.” People who struggle with anxiety may feel that anything less than perfect will lead to negative consequences. 3 Beneath the drive for perfection is often a deep fear of making mistakes. Kelley, a psychologist, recommended aiming for “good enough” and celebrating progress over perfection. People-Pleasing. Do you feel anxious at the idea of making someone unhappy by not doing what they want? 4 These are signs of people-pleasing. “They try to make others happy, even at the expense of their own needs, because they fear that disappointing others will result in negative outcomes,” Kelley explained. “This can be a sign of social anxiety and fear of not being accepted.” What to try instead: 5 A．All bodies will hit a point of burnout. B．Saying “no” will result in disapproval. C．But they can indicate the presence of anxiety. D．They set impossibly high standards for themselves. E．Push yourself to set healthy boundaries, stick to your values. F．Adopt this coping skill especially after highly stressful moments. G．Maybe you push your preferences to the side and say “yes” to everything. 主题03 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 （山东省菏泽市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）Sports injuries happen when we push our body too hard, and mistakes like running too much or not warming up enough can also cause them. 1 Set realistic goals. You should definitely set goals and work hard to achieve them. 2 Whether your goal is to swim more laps or run a specific distance, set an obtainable goal and gradually work to improve. Plan and prepare. If you plan to begin exercising regularly, you should meet with a health adviser first and discuss your options. 3 Working with a personal trainer is often a safe and enjoyable way to start a new activity. Warm up and cool down. It is important to warm up before physical activity because research has shown that a heated muscle is less likely to be strained (扭伤). One way experts recommend is some light walking or jogging before you start your exercise and then again afterward to help your muscles cool down slowly. 4 This can be done by stretching before and after a workout, but it is best to do so once the body is already warm. Take your time. Don’t push yourself too hard or too fast. 5 We need to allow for enough time to gradually increase training levels so that our bodies have time to adjust to the stress on our bones, joints and muscles. For instance, when you are running, increase the distance gradually and give yourself plenty of time to recover between workouts. A．Getting in shape or learning a new sport takes time. B．However, it’s crucial that your goals are realistic and achievable. C．Another important way to prevent injury is to increase your flexibility. D．Adjust your activities if your body is showing signs of too much stress. E．Also, take your time to learn the best techniques required for your sport. F．If unsure of how to do an exercise properly, ask a coach or trainer for help. G．To help keep you from experiencing such injuries, here are some preventive tips. Passage 2 （山东省济南市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末学习质量检测英语试题）Luck can really feel random, and it can be tough to know how to get good luck. Some individuals get in a temporary dilemma where things don’t go as planned. Others may be convinced they can’t catch a break. 1 It can be consistently attracted through effective strategies. Maintaining a positive mindset allows you to draw in luck. When you expect good things to happen, you are more likely to take risks that could lead to fortunate outcomes. By embracing this positive attitude, you become stronger in the face of challenges. 2 This allows you to try again after failure and find new opportunities. 3 A wider network leads to more opportunities in your pursuit of fortune. According to psychologist Richard Wiseman, the No. 1 predictor of how many lucky breaks person has is how interconnected they are with others. Additionally, the presence of a supportive community and friendships further enhances your chances of experiencing good fortune. Many lucky breaks occur as a result of bold (大胆的) actions. Even if you’re not typically seen as bold, you can still enhance your confidence. For example, if you’re feeling unhappy about your career prospects, polish your resume (简历) and apply to job listings that interest you. 4 By welcoming risks, you create opportunities for luck to find you. Luck favors those who are willing to consider new ideas. Being open to new concepts can help put your good-luck train on a new and faster track. But remember: Stay realistic. It’s not just about the mindset but the consequent actions that will be beneficial. 5 A．These actions help generate ideas. B．You also bounce back more quickly. C．Social connections can affect your luck. D．However, luck is not just a matter of chance. E．Actually, luck is something you’re born with. F．Making such a move is tough but well worth it. G．They are vital to turning opportunities into gains. 主题04 人与社会——文学，艺术与体育 Passage 1 （山东省烟台市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末学业水平考试英语试题）Running offers numerous advantages such as enhancing health and even forming new friendships. 1 Do you want to breast the tape at the finish line? Here are quality tips on how to run cross-country faster. As with any running plan, boosting your cross-country rate starts with building a base. Aerobic (有氧的) fitness comes into play during this foundational phase, which means your muscles are receiving a sufficient amount of oxygen and energy. 2 Apart from consistent running, for an anaerobic (无氧的) push, it’s essential to occasionally add in anaerobic exercise: strides — short bursts of a faster pace, which can sharpen the legs. You can do something a little bit quick over a brief duration. 3 Training anaerobically comes in handy for that end-of-the-race kick. 4 Compared to road racing, cross-country landscapes are undeniably diverse with windy paths, steep hills or sharp turns, seeming impossible to gain speed on. A good knowledge of the types of environment you’ll be racing on guarantees you know how to engage your muscles differently on the race day. A track is flat and controlled with at most 20 people in a race while in cross-country, you can have up to 200 people on the starting line. Be aware of who is around you and use them as a reference point and find that moment to speed up. It’s hard to put a time to one course with courses ranging from flat golf courses to hilly, muddy paths. 5 It’s more about the competition, not the time. A．Is there a specific technique? B．Just focus on the race at hand. C．It enables them to sustain long runs. D．You can refer to landmarks for the directions. E．So when you do go faster, it won’t be a shock to the body. F．Familiarity with the setting of the competition is also a must. G．But when it comes to racing cross-country, speed matters most. Passage 2 （山东省德州市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）It’s December and there’s a definite chill in the air. The last thing you probably feel like doing in winter is opening a window, turning down the central heating and shifting workouts from a warm, cosy gym to the outdoors.   1 Here’s how experts say we can embrace it.   Hop off the treadmill (跑步机) and head outdoors for a greater fitness effect. Cold as it seems outdoors, running, cycling or walking in winter not only are good for you, but also make you feel easier once you get moving. Provided conditions are not freezing, our bodies tend to respond positively to colder weather workouts. Compared with exercising in the heat, there is less stress on the heart. 2 Cool your bedroom to burn extra calories and sleep well. Underfloor heating and a quilt might make your bedroom feel cosy but they won’t help you sleep. 3 By gradually cooling the temperature in your bedroom you could drop off more easily and burn more calories even as you sleep.   Turn down the central heating to improve your blood sugar control. Studies have shown how repeated exposure to colder temperatures removes sugar from the blood quickly, a risk factor for diabetes (糖尿病). 4 That would just make the household cold and uncomfortable, so we should reduce it slowly so that nobody notices.   5 One of the simplest ways to inject the benefits of colder temperatures into your lifestyle is cold water in the shower, which could potentially have a profound effect on mood. Additionally, the cold-water shower can stimulate leukocytes, blood cells that fight against infection. A．Take an outdoor dip to relieve stress. B．Therefore, it is likely to feel less of an effort. C．Neither will they better your health and fat-burning potential. D．The key is not to lower the temperature by several degrees suddenly. E．Take a cold shower to boost your mood and support your immune system. F．But embracing, rather than avoiding cold temperatures, can enhance health. G．Being so uncomfortably cold that we shake is not required for a health boost. Passage 3 （山东省潍坊市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）The format you save your photos in comes down to a choice between convenience and excellence, the short-term ease of JPEG versus the creation in RAW of your best photo possible. Of course, it is not either-or. 1 . But for those times that are special, that demand greater care and effort, a simple setting on your camera will help you take the best possible photograph. 2 . They determine how much data is stored when you press the shutter. RAW typically captures either 12-bit or 14-bit files, meaning they can represent billions of colour shades and tones. JPEGs (limited, to 8 bits) reproduce, about 16 million colour variations—plenty for a god basic shot, but when shooting for something special, it’s always better to have more colour, more light and more control. It is in the editing that you discover RAW’s edge. After uploading to your computer, tablet or phone, the images can be “developed” in a basic photo editing program. It doesn’t take long to learn to fine-tune the images. Even under- and overexposed images can be enhanced to enliven shadows and highlights without any of the graininess (颗粒) that comes with inadequate light. 3 Because the editing process is “lossless”, the original RAW file is unaffected by your edits and can be stored or edited again for a different effect. To make sure you don’t run out of space to store all that data, bring along lots of memory cards that you can swap in to your camera as you go. 4 Wondering how to get started? Dig into your camera or smartphone settings to change format and explore RAW. 5 Then it’s time to play. In a flash, you’ll see just what difference you can make to your photos. A．Take a few shots in both JPEG and RAW. B．They are cheap and light, so there’s no need to ever run out. C．Digital cameras have two basic shooting formats, JPEG and RAW. D．Various camera brands have their own unique RAW image formats. E．But learning how to edit photos requires plenty of practice and creativity. F．There are times when a few shots are all you need to capture the moment. G．Once edited to your standard, the image is easily shared as a JPEG or other formats. 主题01 人与社会——历史，社会与文化 Passage 1 （山东省聊城市多校2024-2025学年高三上学期期末诊断检测英语试题）The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of Winter, the 19th solar term and the first for winter, usually falls on November 7-8. Here are three things about Start of Winter. Worshiping ancestors 1 . The emperor would fast for three days before its arrival and then lead officials to the suburban regions. They would perform big rituals to welcome the arrival of Winter God. Incense was burned and sacrifices were offered to ancestors. They would also honor heroes who sacrificed themselves for the nation, and pray for protection for their spirit. 2 To stay warm in the winter cold, people usually consume foods with rich proteins around Start of Winter, particularly chicken, duck, fish and meat. Old Fire Soup is a true delicacy in the southern region of China. It is a slow-cooked soup that is simmered for hours with various herbs, meats and vegetables. But people in Northern China have a tradition of eating dumplings. 3 . Making winter wine As winter begins, nature prepares its best conditions for the brew of yellow wine in Shaoxing, which has a history of 2,500 years and is considered one of the most famous varieties of Chinese wine. Traditionally, it is warmed to entertain guests, to drive away the winter chills and to warm the soul. 4 . Water is usually clearer around this time while the low temperature restricts the growth of germs. 5 . These customs not only add warmth to the cold season but pass down the ancient wisdom. A．Eating dumplings B．Nourishing the winter C．Start of Winter used to be a big day in China D．Start of Winter is rich in traditions and cultural meanings E．Just as the name indicates, it declares the beginning of winter F．And mutton pot is also in huge demand in many regions around Start of Winter G．There are two main contributors to the sweet flavor during the brewing process Passage 2 （山东省部分学校2024-2025学年高三毕业班上学期学业水平质量检测英语试题）One morning, a group of six teenage girls and their adult leader began their hike from a cottage, expecting mild weather. 1 The first part of their route was exposed and the path was narrow, so it could be dangerous for the lighter girls in the group. Realizing the situation was worsening, the adult leader decided to turn the group back to the hut before they reached the most exposed section of the path. While the girls were disappointed and eager to continue, the leader knew that safety had to come first. Back at the cottage, the leader reassured (安慰) the group that they were safe and explained why returning was the best choice. 2 Though some of the girls were upset, they quickly understood the importance of staying sheltered until the weather improved. The leader took a moment to assess their resources. The weather forecast predicted worsening conditions later, and they might be stuck at the cottage for longer than expected. Fortunately, everyone had planned for situations like this. They had brought extra food, so they were well-prepared to wait for a day or two if needed. 3 To avoid their families’ concerns, the group used satellite communication devices to let them know they were safe. 4 The leader continued to monitor the weather and noticed the wind slowly calming. As conditions improved, the group continued their hike safely. 5 Not only did they turn what could have been a dangerous situation into an opportunity for learning, but they also gained valuable experience in managing the unexpected outdoors. A．This foresight allowed the group to remain calm. B．They decided to stay put until the wind died down. C．This also prevented the risk of an unnecessary search. D．The girls built a shelter using available materials for protection. E．The leader decided to call for help immediately after turning back. F．However, the wind quickly became much stronger than forecasted. G．The group stayed calm, planned ahead, and communicated effectively. Passage 3 （山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）Culture shock is the experience that often accompanies moving to an unfamiliar place. It could be marked by feeling lost, anxious or hesitant. 1 You’ll become accustomed to the same things that initially “shocked” you! Read on for tips for overcoming culture shock in a short time. When deciding to visit an entirely new place, don’t expect the traditions and cultures followed by your current home to be followed by the new land. 2 So keep your expectations low. Even though it is an unfamiliar environment hosting different cultures and traditions from the one you’re used to, it’s vital to broaden your mind and be willing to try new things. Don’t be quick to form discriminatory judgments just because it is “odd”. Have a go at something different, like a food or clothing — different isn’t necessarily bad. 3 Social psychologists claim that lack of information is the biggest contributor to prejudices. Talk to the local population and ask them about how their culture works instead of assuming the worst. 4 Plus, you’ll make some friends who can ease your transformation. Keep yourself open-minded, await new experiences and familiarize yourself with the conduct of the people. 5 Go out there and have fun! A．Integrity breaks down barriers. B．You can gain insight into your surroundings. C．Culture shock will eventually disappear, though. D．Every city or country has its own values and beliefs. E．Never do you know where you might find an interest. F．Consequently, such memories are what you should treasure. G．As long as you stick to that, you’ll soon adjust to the new culture. 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （山东省菏泽市2024-2025学年高三上期末英语试题）Have you ever told a goldfish about your day? Complained to a dog about your brother or sister? Maybe you’ve held a cat and told him your favorite bedtime story. Many animals are great listeners. 1 It may come as no surprise that many animals have a strong sense of hearing. In fact, several can hear a wider range of frequencies (频率) than humans can. Cats, for example, hear noises between 45 and 64.000 hertz (Hz). Humans are limited to sounds between 64 and 23,000 Hz. Other common pets, like rabbits, also have wider ranges of hearing than people. 2 They can only sense noises between 20 and 3,000 Hz. Many other animals can hear an impressive range of sounds. For example, elephants can sense extremely low frequencies, all the way down to 16 Hz. 3 However, none of these animals have the best hearing. That award actually goes to an insect. The moth (蛾) can hear the widest range of frequencies, going up to 300,000 Hz. Researchers think the moth’s sharp sense of hearing may have developed to help it escape from its most common enemy: the bat. 4 Their ears might appear to be a clear indication of their remarkable hearing abilities. However, animals don’t need bat-like ears to hear. In fact, some don’t have ears at all! These earless creatures do hear, but at a limited, low range of frequencies. 5 Just like humans, many animals are born without hearing or lose the ability after illness or injury. If you’ve ever known a dog or cat with hearing loss, you know they find other clever ways to communicate, just like people do. A．Of course, not all animals can hear. B．Bats’ good hearing helps them in hunting. C．But how well do they actually hear? D．Goldfish, however, have rather limited hearing. E．Have you wondered which animal has the best listening range? F．This allows elephants to hear the clouds moving through the air. G．After all, bats have some of the best ears among mammals (哺乳动物). Passage 2 （山东省济南市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末学习质量检测英语试题）The brain is often seen as the most important organ of us humans. It controls our thoughts, emotions, memories and even our movements. However, what many people often forget is that the brain and the body are closely connected. 1 Studies have shown that regular exercise can significantly improve cognitive functions such as memory, attention and problem-solving abilities. 2 How does this happen? Well, the answer lies in the way exercise affects the brain. Exercise increases the production of proteins that promote the growth and survival of neurons (神经元), thus ensuring better brain functions. Moreover, exercise has a positive impact on mood and mental well-being. It helps release some natural mood boosters that make us feel more positive and happy. 3 As for the exercise varieties, it’s not just about aerobic (有氧的) exercises like running or cycling. 4 It improves concentration and decision-making abilities by enhancing the connectivity between different regions of the brain. 5 Exercise isn’t just about keeping fit or losing weight; it’s about improving cognitive functions, boosting mood and even helping us think more creatively. So, the next time you feel lazy or unmotivated to exercise, remember that every step you take is one step closer to a healthier, happier and more intelligent you. A．It even strengthens creativity. B．Actually the body deeply affects the brain. C．The brain also has great impacts on exercise. D．An exercise lover is unlikely to suffer depression. E．Walking and jogging do good to mental functions too. F．Strength training has also been shown to benefit the brain. G．The links between the brain and the body cannot be overstated. Passage 3 （（教研室）山东省泰安市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Life on Earth couldn’t exist without oceans. 1 World Oceans Day is a time to enhance understanding of oceans and why we must change the bad situation. World Oceans Day Did you know that 71 percent of our planet is covered in ocean? 2 People around the world wear blue to celebrate World Oceans Day on 8 June every year, which is aimed at knowing why oceans are in danger and how essential it is to protect them. Why we need oceans Evidently, without oceans, life couldn’t exist. Scientists don’t know the exact number, but they think that oceans are home to 50 to 80 per cent of all species on Earth. Oceans hold about 97 percent of all the water on our planet and give us rainwater and drinking water through the water cycle. 3 How we use oceans Humans use the ocean in diverse ways. A lot of our food comes from oceans, and millions of people worldwide have jobs related to fishing and fish farming. 4 We’ve been getting oil and gas from beneath the ocean floor for a long time, but now we are aware renewable energy is eco-friendly for the future. We can use the power of waves and tides to produce electricity, and many wind farms are located offshore. What we can do to help For World Oceans Day you could join in a beach clean-up to help prevent plastic and other rubbish getting into the sea. You could employ social media platforms to share posts, photos or videos to show how crucial oceans are. You could participate in a writing contest around the theme of the ocean or watch ocean-related documentaries. 5 So, take action instantly. A．Thus, it is vital to explore them. B．However, our oceans are in danger. C．Besides, fossil energy is running out. D．That’s why we call the Earth the “Blue Planet”. E．Oceans also provide us with much of our energy. F．Anyway, your efforts count remarkably in terms of protecting oceans. G．Additionally, much oxygen we breathe comes from the plants in the ocean. Passage 4 （山东省德州市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Over the years, with more households embracing the joys of pet companionship, we’ve witnessed a remarkable rise in pet ownership. 1 As we have entered 2025, this trend has continued. Multiple factors have contributed to the people’s craze for possessing pets. Many researchers assume that the trend is fueled by the growing recognition of pets as family members. The heightened awareness of mental health benefits is another consideration. In the fast-paced society, pets are becoming part of people’s emotional well-being, bringing comfort and relief. 2 The demand for environmentally responsible pet products is on the rise. Pet owners are increasingly centering on eco-friendly products for their beloved companions, from toys to food options. 3 Pet businesses are embracing eco-friendly practices and introducing innovative green solutions to meet consumer preferences. Today’s pet owners are seeking personalized services that cater to their furry friends’ individual needs and preferences. Whether it’s customized grooming (美容) treatments or tailored dietary plans, there’s a growing demand for personalized pet care experiences. 4 The application of this innovative technology will enable businesses to offer highly individualized services for pet owners accordingly. The digital transformation of the pet industry has brought about a new era of convenience and accessibility. 5 For example, e-commerce platforms can offer a wide variety of pet supplies while mobile apps provide on-demand pet care services. They are providing convenience and customer experiences for pet owners. A．Pet care businesses can unlock a new lifestyle. B．What we can’t overlook is the humanization of pets. C．We are also expecting personalized pet services by AI. D．They are considered an escape from the depressing daily life. E．Statistics from the previous year saw a rapid growth in pet-owning households. F．As we promote a green life, the emphasis on sustainability is expected to intensify. G．Online platforms are transforming how the pet owners access products and services. Passage 5 （山东省青岛市即墨区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）We often see a design on product packaging with arrows following each other in a circle. Actually, it is a symbol to indicate the product is recyclable, or that it is made from recycled materials. 1 At that time, environmentalists wanted to make it easier for people to recycle. One of the reasons to use the recycling symbol is to encourage people to recycle. When seeing the symbol, people may feel guilty about throwing the product away. Besides, it can be printed on waste containers. 2 Even if they are not familiar with the recycling process, this provides clear guidance. Plastics are often printed with a resin identification code (塑料分类标志) which is inside the recycling symbol. This code indicates the material used to make the plastic, allowing plastics to be sorted for recycling. 3 Companies display the recycling symbol on recycled products. It not only promotes their products, but also raises awareness about the practice of recycling. 4 Because they believe recycled products are more environmentally friendly. When products are made with recycled materials, the packaging must indicate the percentage of recycled products involved. For example, some companies use 5% post-consumer content to make paper. 5 This results in a significant difference in quality between the two types of paper. In this case, using a different recycling symbol helps to prevent confusion among people. A．However, others use a higher percentage. B．There are many types of recycling symbols. C．It allows people to deal with recycled goods properly. D．This reflects that recycling supports the circular economy. E．Some individuals also place great importance on recycled products. F．These codes are universal, making global plastic handling much easier. G．The concept of a universal recycling symbol was popularized in the 1970s. Passage 6 （山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题B卷）Animals deserve to live a safe and healthy life as much as humans do. 1 Some people try to get profit from everything and sometimes animals become victims. It is vital that we take action to protect animals. Below are some simple ways in which we can all contribute towards the protection of endangered animals. Spread awareness. One way to protect endangered animals is to create awareness about them. 2 Having seminars (研讨会) is another way of creating awareness. Also, familiarize people around you with the importance of the animals in your surroundings. Our routine activities directly or indirectly influence their lifestyle. Drive carefully in forest areas. It is important to watch the road when you are going through roads in forest areas. Many animals die while trying to cross the road because people do not pay attention to them. 3 Avoid plastic items. Do you know what happens to a plastic bag thrown into a river? 4 Plastic is a big threat to wildlife. And we have to reduce the overconsumption of life-threatening products to protect the endangered species. Prevent plastic items such as bags and containers. Shop in a handmade woven bag and recycle the boxes. 5 As a volunteer, you can offer support to animal rescue teams in your area. Such organizations are always short of funds and are looking for animal lovers to support the cause. Spending a portion of your daily or weekly schedule is one step towards saving wildlife and protecting endangered species. A．Change your regular routine. B．So, we highly suggest careful use of water. C．Spend time rescuing animals in your locality. D．Sadly, this does not have universal acceptance. E．So we can save their lives by being more careful. F．It is probably eaten by an adult turtle, choking it to death. G．You can create local community groups that work for this cause. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $