专题04 阅读理解（记叙文）（期末真题汇编，山东专用）高三英语上学期

专题04 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （山东省青岛市四区联考2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Bhavin Shastri’s interest in light started young. He recalls an experiment that he saw as a child: A plastic water bottle was stuck near its base such that a steady stream of water flowed out and downward under the force of gravity. A light shined through the hole in the bottle and, to Shastri’s amazement, it didn’t continue on a horizontal path. Instead, it bent downward with the stream of water. “I was just so completely blown away by this experiment,” he says. Since then, Shastri has been thinking about how light can be controlled, while also exploring other research interests. In college, he worked with a professor who was researching machine learning. As a postdoc at Princeton University, Shastri met physicist Paul Prucnal. He told Shastri about his research creating a light that behaves like a biological neuron (神经元), and how the team was looking to compute with such light. That idea caught Shastri’s attention. Though researchers have used light to send, store and process data in the lab, photonic (光子的) computing is still at its early stage. Shastri has set out to push those boundaries. He engineers, builds and performs experiments on chip-sized (芯片大小的) photonic devices. His team began by studying simpler devices similar to a single neuron, analyzing how they could function like a biological neuron. Years later, in a yet-to-be-published work, the researchers have demonstrated that a chip with 100,000 neuronlike components can perform 120 billion operations per second, about 40 times faster than the average electronic computer. Daniel Brunner, a computing researcher at FEMTO-ST Institute, praised Shastri’s groundbreaking work. “I can’t even count the publications where he basically laid the foundation” for using photonics to create physical neural networks, Brunner says. Shastri may be set on transforming computing, but his work is motivated by a decades-old fascination with light and its properties. “I have been very lucky to be able to do something,” he says, “that has always been my childhood dream.” 1．What attracted Shastri most about the experiment in paragraph 1? A．Effects of gravity on objects. B．Properties of plastic products. C．The pressure of flowing water. D．The phenomenon of light bending. 2．What did Prucnal inspire Shastri to do? A．Take an interest in light. B．Analyse the function of neurons. C．Research into photonic computing. D．Learn about machine learning. 3．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Challenges Shastri faces in developing the chip. B．The practical application of photonic computing. C．The computing performance of electronic computers. D．Achievements Shastri’s team makes in photonic computing. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Wonders of Light B．The Light Pursuer’s Journey C．In the Footsteps of Scientists D．Development of Computing Technology Passage 2 （山东省德州市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Growing up, I was afraid of using my voice, concerned that sharing my thoughts would differentiate me from my peers. Raised by immigrant parents who often mispronounced words, I was afraid my voice would expose my inadequacies(不足), considering my inability to adopt a so-called “authentic American” accent as a flaw tied to my Asian identity. I quickly fell into the label of most Asian girls, but it was not because of my shyness or liking being quiet. All the beloved female characters on the Disney and Nickelodeon TV shows and all the popular girls at my school made me more silent and invisible. As I grew older, my silence became a habit. I would stay in spaces like a shadow, present but inactive. My mom grew frustrated and confused as to why I was so silent as a shell everywhere. To cope with the spiritual crisis, I took to writing, where I could think through my ideas without the pressure of pronunciation. Writing opened my eyes to the many thoughts and emotions I had been silencing. I began to observe the way my mom spoke, too. She was very vocal, whether it was chatting with her friends or it was defending herself as an ethnic minority. She always stood up for what she believed in—mispronunciations and all. Through writing and observing my mom, I realized that I had been shutting myself down before anyone else could judge me, robbing myself of the chance to be heard. I began to speak up and tell others about my background, though I have only been there several times. In sharing so many of my stories, I began to connect with those who could relate and shine a light on the beauties of living in my own culture. Now, I proudly embrace my voice without considering mispronunciation. By celebrating my ethnic heritage through shared stories, I am taking a step further towards embracing my identity, proving that my voice, filled with richness and authenticity, deserves to be heard. 1．What made the author afraid to use her voice? A．She had to compete with others. B．She was unable to master English. C．She was born too shy to express herself. D．She spoke a different accent from others. 2．What did those popular girls bring to the author? A．Guilt. B．Sympathy. C．Stress. D．Belonging. 3．How can the author’s writing and observing her mom be defined? A．A shortcut to learning English. B．A process of her self-awareness. C．A step towards better writing skills. D．An exploration of cultural differences. 4．What did the author express when concluding her story? A．Satisfaction with her family. B．Acceptance of her identity. C．Evaluation on Asian immigrants. D．Appreciation of the foreign culture. Passage 3 （山东省菏泽市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）When I was growing up, my mom often said that no matter what grades I got in school, as long as I did my best, she’d be proud of me. Then she added, “But if you didn’t get an A, I’ll know you didn’t do your best.” She said it with a smile, but I took it seriously: I shouldn’t settle for anything less than perfect. My greatest weakness is that I’m too much of a perfectionist. Perfectionism is the desire to be 100% perfect. The goal is zero faults and no failures. In an increasingly competitive world, kids face growing pressure from parents to be perfect and severe criticism when they fall short. Every fault is a blow to their self-esteem (自尊). I’ve lived it myself. When I won the fifth-grade quiz bowl on world explorers, I beat myself up afterward for missing one question. How could I forget that the sea route to India was discovered by da Gama, but not Magellan? When I made the finals of a Mortal Kombat tournament and won a lifetime pass to a local movie theater, I didn’t celebrate. Third place is the second loser. When I won the first prize in a math test, I was disappointed. Only a 98? Not good enough. There was always a voice in the back of my mind whispering that it wasn’t enough and that I could have done better. It was during my college years that I started to question the value of this perfectionism. I met people who didn’t seem to be weighed down by the same expectations, who accepted their mistakes and saw them as opportunities for growth rather than failures. They taught me that it was okay to be imperfect, that it was human to make mistakes, and that sometimes, the most important lessons come from our failures. 1．What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A．Why the author became a perfectionist. B．The disadvantage of being a perfectionist. C．How the author got the good grades in school. D．The feeling of being grateful to the author’s mother. 2．What made the author unsatisfied with what had been achieved? A．Blame from parents. B．Desire to get first prize. C．Eagerness to be perfect. D．Pressure of competitions. 3．What made the author change the attitude towards perfectionism? A．Losing expectation to succeed. B．Realizing the harm of being perfect. C．Learning lessons from other people’s failure. D．Encountering those accepting imperfection. 4．Which column of a magazine may the text be taken from? A．Parenting Styles. B．Coming-of-Age Stories. C．People of Achievement. D．Challenges Facing Youth. Passage 4 （山东省日照市2024-2025高三上学期期末校际联合考试英语试题）My legs were starting to ache from standing by my research poster for nearly ten hours. At 15, I was anxiously awaiting the possibility to speak to my biggest role model, J. Michael Bishop, MD．I’d learnt from other students who had previously participated in the International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF) that the Nobel laureate walks around from poster to poster to speak with students during the Public Showcase Day. J. Michael Bishop, MD, who was the winner of the 1989 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, talked about his childhood and how he had hardly been exposed to science. Throughout his college education, he never imagined himself becoming a scientist. He had even been denied entry into countless labs due to a lack of prior experience. He had an ambition to become a scientist, but lacked the guidance to visualize his future career. Over time, he developed relationships with instructors who believed in him. More importantly, he learned how to believe in himself. I found inspiration in Dr. Bishop’s goal of becoming a scientist and his willingness to be open and vulnerable — he often gave talks about his own self-doubt. Dr. Bishop is a role model for anyone who, like me, comes from an unconventional background, inspiring us to persevere and work through self-doubt to pursue a career in science. When Dr. Bishop was just inches away from the posters nearest to mine, I ran up to my role model and asked him to come to my poster even if I wasn’t on his list. He was kind enough to spend at least an hour with me, discussing my research and ultimate goal to pursue a PhD． Seven years after meeting Dr. Bishop, I had the privilege of pursuing a PhD in cancer biology, and my path continues to mirror his. I am devoting my graduate and scientific career to instructing students from underrepresented backgrounds through teaching, guiding them through their own research projects, and openly sharing my own story, just as Dr. Bishop does. 1．Why did the author stand by her research poster so long? A．To perfect her research poster. B．To conduct her scientific research. C．To participate in the event of ISEF. D．To seek chance to talk to Dr. Bishop. 2．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Dr. Bishop’s plan for his future career. B．Dr. Bishop’s early exposure to science. C．Dr. Bishop’s experience in experiments. D．Dr. Bishop’s hard path to turning scientist. 3．Why did the author consider Dr. Bishop her role model? A．He overcame self-doubt to achieve his goal. B．He was willing to talk about his vulnerability. C．He worked hard and had strong self-discipline. D．He was a success with a conventional background. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．The author feels proud of her extraordinary students. B．The author follows Dr. Bishop's example to help her students. C．Teachers sharing their own story impress their students deeply. D．Dr. Bishop has a great impact on the author's research methods. 主题02 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 （山东省部分学校2024-2025学年高三毕业班上学期学业水平质量检测英语试题）14-year-old Jessica was born with small eyes, making it difficult for her to see the markings and numbers on traditional maths sets at school. Disappointed that standard equipment just didn’t add up, Jessica’s mum, Sam, emailed stationery (文具) giant Maped Helix, more in hope than expectation that they might have something that could help. She was so surprised when she got a reply saying that the team at Helix, inspired by Jessica’s story, had decided to develop a unique stationery set specifically to support the needs of children with sight difficulties. The groundbreaking Oxford Vision Maths Set includes a self-centering metal compass with safety point, a pencil sharpener, 15 cm/6-inch ruler, 45° and 60° set squares, etc. Designed in cooperation with the Royal National Institute of Blind People (RNIB), the maths set has been created using a high contrasting black and yellow design to make each item easier to read. The complete set is sold in plastic-free packaging made from recycled materials. Following guidance from the experts, clever details such as large print graduations (刻度线) on the ruler, as well as all the text being raised by 0.5 mm have been included. “We receive a lot of emails, but this particular one really struck a chord with us, making us really think of how we can have a commitment to empower all children,” said Gray Richmond, Managing Director at Maped Helix. “This product will make a huge difference to the lives of children with vision conditions, allowing them to have independence in the classroom and giving them access to the same opportunities as their sighted classmates,” said Nicola Cornwell, Head of Business Services at RNIB． 1．What difficulty does Jessica face at school? A．She cannot understand numbers. B．She fails in her maths examinations. C．She finds it hard to hear in the classroom. D．She struggles to use traditional stationery. 2．What do we know about the new maths set? A．It is only available in one color. B．It is designed under the guidance of RNIB． C．It has complex designs and decorations. D．It uses plastic packaging to protect the items. 3．What do the underlined words “struck a chord with” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Touched. B．Satisfied. C．Comforted. D．Entertained. 4．Why did Helix decide to develop the Oxford Vision Maths Set? A．To make maths sets more affordable. B．To respond to a customer’s complaint. C．To support children with visual challenges. D．To create a simplified version of maths tools. Passage 2 （山东省临沂市郯城第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Peter Kline is the founder of Marathons with Meaning, a program dedicated to making running more accessible for people with disabilities. Kline didn’t begin running until later in life. “I was overweight,52, and I’d never done it,” he says. He tried a 10K and loved it so much that he was hooked. But it wasn’t without a lot of training and a lot of pain: “I tried a marathon, and I did horrible. It was the most miserable, painful experience I ever had. It took me three years to qualify for Boston Marathon.” Eight years later, the idea for Marathons with Meaning was sparked when Kline met a young woman whose spinal column (脊柱) was crushed after an accident. He saw how hard it was for her to manage the world with this disability. At that time, Kline was getting tired of being a stand-alone athlete. “Running is very much an individualistic sport,” he says. “So, I thought,’ Why don’t I try to include somebody else and take them along? “He contacted a children’s hospital and the Make-a-Wish Foundation, and soon he was including rider-athletes in his marathons. And the rest is history. Kline has now been running with rider-athletes for 12 years in marathons all over the world. “The kids love it, and it changes their lives. It changes their parents’ lives, and it changes the other runners. Everybody is empowered by it,” he says. Some rider-athletes are very sick, some are nonverbal, and some are physically disabled but very sharp mentally. For example, one young woman rider-athlete can’t use her arms or legs but she has a Ph.D．in marine biology and speaks three languages. “I never judge the disability or the person’s ability,” Kline says. “They’re amazing, and they inspire us.” What advice would Kline give others? Reach out. Don’t look the other way when you see someone not as well off. If you don’t know how to love unconditionally, then you’ll never understand love. 1．What is the main focus of Marathons with Meaning? A．Training runners for marathons. B．Organizing global marathon events. C．Boosting individual athletic success. D．Making running available to the disabled. 2．What inspired Peter Kline to start Marathons with Meaning? A．His own love for running. B．The encounter with a young disabled woman. C．His desire to get connected. D．The advice from the Make-a-Wish Foundation. 3．How does Marathons with Meaning influence the rider-athletes? A．It enhances their inner power. B．It fuels their competitive spirit. C．It teaches them to value abilities. D．It makes them more sharp-minded. 4．What is the key message of Kline’s advice? A．Treat everyone equally. B．Aim higher to inspire others. C．Connect and assist those in need. D．Understand love before offering help. Passage 3 （山东省枣庄市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）The pond is silent — until the first cry: “Found something!” A swimmer ducks into the water. She emerges, fist first, clutching a pair of bright blue children’s swimming goggles. She shakes them overhead, as if she has won a prize. Over the next hour, on a cloudy Saturday morning in July, the team of 15 — all over age 65, all women — hunts for trash across Mares Pond, a 28-acre kettle hole on Cape Cod, at depths of up to 8 feet. These are the Old Ladies Against Underwater Garbage (OLAUG). Since 2017, the group, which accepts only older women as members, has made it its mission to remove trash from ponds across Cape Cod. The group’s existence is owed to Susan Baur, a retired psychologist. As a lifelong nature fan, she had begun swimming in ponds on the cape as a safer alternative to the ocean. However, between mud, darkness and snapping turtles, the world of the pond was at first one of anxiety for her. In 2017, on a whim, she rounded up two friends and a stranger with a kayak and together, they cleared a large amount of litter from a pond. Soon others joined them, and, like Baur, they found a sense of wonder in the pond cleanups. While many outsiders have expressed their gratitude to OLAUG for cleaning up the ponds, some have questioned why they refer to themselves as “old ladies”. Others have said she should open the group to all ages, and to men. Although she admits that it wasn’t initially a thoughtful choice, she now believes that the “old lady” identity is a crucial part of what the group is about. “Over 65, if you’re healthy enough to do what we’re doing, it is the age of gratitude,” Baur says. “You are so grateful that you can still do this.” 1．Why was the group OLAUG founded? A．To promote an active way of life. B．To rescue children from the ponds. C．To clean up garbage in the ponds. D．To advocate swimming to keep fit. 2．What do we know about Susan Baur from the text? A．She longs for a quiet retired life. B．She cares about old ladies' life. C．She is keen on physical training. D．She is a nature-loving woman. 3．What is some people’s suggestion to the group? A．To be more inclusive. B．To broaden its business. C．To rename the group. D．To be more independent. 4．Why does Baur particularly care about their “old lady” identity? A．It helps to promote their image. B．It helps boost their sense of pride. C．It benefits their physical health. D．It helps them win more respect. Passage 4 （山东省滨州市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Late one night in July 2020 in Reykjavik, Haraldur(Halli) Thorleifsson was wandering around the city’s main shopping street with his wife and two kids. During their walk, his three-year-old son was thirsty and wanted a drink from the corner store. But Thorleifsson soon discovered he couldn't help with the simple request: A 20-centimetre step blocked his access to the store. The barrier was all too familiar. Born with muscular dystrophy, which causes progressive weakness and loss of muscle, Thorleifsson, now 46, has been using a wheelchair since he was 25. As he waited outside, he recalled, “I thought about how strange it is that we separate families in this way. I thought about all the times I wasn’t able to join my friends at restaurants, pubs and stores that are inaccessible.” Living all over the world as a creative director and digital designer in cities such as San Francisco and Tokyo, Thorleifsson had witnessed first-hand how different cities consider and plan for accessibility, from ramps(斜坡) and sidewalks to public transportation. Having recently sold his digital creative agency, Ueno, to Twitter, Thorleifsson now had the financial means to make a difference in his hometown. He decided to start with a project to make Iceland wheelchair accessible, one ramp at a time. Ramp Up Reykjavik was launched as a non-profit in 2021 with a goal to build 100 ramps, mostly in the city’s down-town, within a year. Unlike portable and temporary solutions in other cities, these ramps are permanent structures that match the aesthetic of the buildings, making them appear as if they’ve always been there. It’s a design detail that helps provide a sense of inclusivity. With the help of government funding and other sponsors, the Ramp Up team finished ahead of schedule and has broadened its scope to all of Iceland, with the goal of building1, 500 ramps countrywide by 2026. 1．What inspired Thorleifsson to build the ramps? A．His inconvenience in life. B．His childhood experience. C．A request from his wife. D．His desire to make a fortune. 2．What made it possible for Thorleifsson to start the project? A．Great donations from society. B．Money from sale of his company. C．Full support from the government. D．A wealth of experience in management. 3．What is special about Thorleifsson’s project? A．It is non-profit. B．It highlights the details. C．It fits in with the surroundings. D．It solves the problem temporarily. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Thorleifsson? A．Flexible and thoughtful. B．Modest and considerate. C．Selfless and confident. D．Generous and helpful. 主题03 人与社会——文学，艺术与体育 Passage 1 （（教研室）山东省泰安市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）As a Chinese-German student at Tsinghua University, I thought I had a good grasp of both Chinese culture and modernization. As one of the destinations of the “Go Jiangsu” program, we visited the Yao Jiaping Embroidery Art Gallery. Before this encounter, my interaction with Suzhou embroidery (刺绣) was limited to online images, which is why, at the art gallery, I was amazed at the unbelievable precision that I had assumed was machine-made. Seeking a hands-on experience, I realized those weaving stories with threads are a millennia-old cultural heritage. It struck me that this isn’t just handicraft; it’s an art form and a slice of history. Wandering through Suzhou at night was a different kind of magic. The streetlights, busy markets, and street food transported me to another dimension. Walking down the Pingjiang Road, where ancient buildings meet modern lighting, I felt the unique charm of Suzhou. It dawned on me that modernization doesn’t have to mean abandoning tradition; they can exist side by side. Exploring Suzhou Industrial Park, I witnessed another facet(方面)of China’s modernization. These towering buildings and cutting-edge companies showcased the rapid pace of China’s modern development.The transition from ancient culture to modern technology was nothing short of astonishing. Visiting the Suzhou Museum of Imperial Kiln Brick rounded out my journey, offering a comprehensive view of China’s history. Each exhibit narrated a story, spanning from ancient artifacts to modern achievements, enriching my understanding of China’s developmental process. Suzhou absolutely lives up to its reputation as “the city of museums, the city of parks, and the city of theater”. Through personal encounters, I gained not just knowledge but a deeper connection and appreciation for China’s culture and progress. This journey wasn’t just a physical one; it was an enriching experience for the soul. 1．Which word can best describe the writer’s trip to Suzhou? A．Costly. B．Extraordinary. C．Romantic. D．Accidental. 2．What does the writer think of Suzhou embroidery? A．It is the best handicraft. B．It is really made by machine. C．It partly mirrors China’s history. D．It was invented by Yao Jianping. 3．Why is the Pingjiang Road mentioned in Paragraph 4? A．To advocate preserving the tradition. B．To highlight the local rapid development. C．To emphasize the importance of modernization. D．To praise the integration of tradition and modernity. 4．What does the writer imply in the last paragraph? A．The trip is well worth it. B．Culture contradicts with progress. C．Suzhou is a good destination for children. D．“Go Jiangsu” program must attain popularity. Passage 2 （山东省青岛市即墨区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）A whale shark under the waves caught in a ray of sunlight, a snow leopard (豹) moving forward with its eyes locked on yours–these images could easily be mistaken for photographs, but in fact they were captured by a paintbrush. British artist Sophie Green often creates paintings of endangered animal species. With a following of over 115, 000 on a social platform, she’s not doing so badly. Last year, one of Green’s works was auctioned (拍卖) at the Royal Geographical Society in London. It was a painting of a chimp (黑猩猩), called Wounda, which had been rescued from a illegal trade by the Jane Goodall Institute in the Republic of Congo. When Wounda arrived at the institute, she was in desperate need of medical attention, but since receiving treatment, she has made a full recovery and now lives in an island reserve. Profits from all Green’s artworks goes towards funding a range of projects, from shark and turtle research to conservation for African land mammals. As a child, Green was diagnosed (诊断) with selective-mutism — a form of anxiety, meaning she wouldn’t speak in class or to her teachers. Consequently, she bathed herself in nature. Green believed painting can be more effective than photography, because it affords more control over the composition. “If you want the animal to be looking directly into your eyes, then you can do that,” she said. Green’s process differs from piece to piece. She often finds images for inspiration everywhere, sometimes using photographs captured by herself or her friends, and sometimes surfing the Internet to find images of the creature she wants to paint. Often, the final piece comes from a combination of several images. Her goal is to encourage action from people who view the artwork. “If you’ve looked into the animal’s eyes, I think it’s much harder to forget that there’s so much going on in the world right now and so many animals that need our help,” Green said. 1．What does the author start the text with? A．Photographs of animals. B．Excellence of Green’s works. C．Limitations of Green’s works. D．Impacts of animal-focused paintings. 2．Why is Green’s painting about a rescued chimp mentioned? A．To stress her environmental awareness. B．To display the main theme of her works. C．To encourage people to support the auction. D．To show her contribution to protecting animals. 3．What do we know about Green’s art-making process? A．She often turns to others for help. B．She mainly relies on online information. C．She observes real animals to get inspiration. D．She combines different images into her work. 4．What does Green mean in the last paragraph? A．Criticizing people for ignoring the endangered animals. B．Emphasizing the importance of eye contact with animals. C．Highlighting the emotional impact of the work on viewers. D．Showing her paintings are more realistic than photographs. Passage 3 （山东省潍坊市普通高中2024-2025学年高三上学期1月学科素养能力测评英语试题）The world is not short of biographies of Marie Curie, but American science writer Dava Sobel has taken a new approach. In her engaging account of the physicist’s life, she focuses on her legacy (精神) of encouraging other women into science. The book is cleverly structured. Each chapter is assigned a chemical element or material and the name of the person whose work either advanced knowledge of that substance or narrowed Curie’s focus on it. This allows Sobel to trace Curie’s life and its major milestones in time order introducing a new player with each chapter. Even though it’s now more than 120 years since Curie became the first woman to be awarded a Nobel prize, she remains the most widely recognized female scientist. Sobel acknowledges this as a reason for writing another biography and as motivation to continue her trademark approach to writing about science by highlighting women whose contributions and discoveries remain overlooked - one used convincingly in her earlier book, The Glass Universe. Sobel’s storytelling is inviting and her research delicately detailed. But in many of the book’s chapters, science dominates and the inner lives of these women remained unclear. The Canadian physicist Harriet Brooks stands out as an example of a life story left hanging. She quit Curie’s lab and later weakened Curie’s influence by publicly suggesting that Curie’s output had decreased without her husband Pierre. What motivated Brooks remains an open question. One of the most touching passages comes right at the end. A list of “radioactivists” simply notes everyone’s birth and death dates, main achievements and cause of death - a distinct reminder that Curie and many other women paid the ultimate price for their radioactive research. 1．How is Sobel’s biography of Curie structured? A．It compares young scientists’ tough life. B．Each chapter tracks Curie’s major milestones. C．Each chapter combines an element with a scientist. D．It centers on encouraging other women into science. 2．What drives Sobel to write Curie’s biography? A．Sobel’s trademark approach. B．Curie’s overlooked discoveries. C．Sobel’s convincing writing style. D．Curie’s remarkable achievements. 3．Why is Harriet Brooks mentioned in paragraph 4? A．To tell a sad story about Curie. B．To highlight the role of Curie’s husband. C．To demonstrate the biography’s writing feature. D．To indicate the vividness of description in the biography. 4．What does the “radioactivists” list serve as in Sobel’s biography of Curie? A．A creative clue. B．An extra review. C．A finishing touch. D．An awful ending. Passage 4 （山东省菏泽市2024-2025学年高三上期末英语试题）Toh Hong Keng is one of the oldest medical graduates in the world, if not the oldest. At the age of 70, the retired Malaysian manager got his degree from Southwestern University PHINMA． “My family and friends were surprised at first. Several of my friends thought I was crazy to want to study medicine at this age,” Toh said. “It wasn’t always easy. At 65 to 70 years old, my memory, eyesight, hearing and body are not as good as when I was younger.” After decades working as a tech seller, he retired in 2019. A few days later, he began studying and applying to medical schools around Asia. “The only reason why I decided to do so was that I wanted to do something useful,” he said. One of the obstacles Toh met was finding a university that would admit him, as most are just for applicants under 35 or 40. Once admitted to Southwestern University PHINMA, he dealt with the school closures due to the pandemic. He had to take all of his lectures online, which was not easy for him. “Studying medicine is hard. It’s just hard work,” Toh said. He wasn’t given special treatment. He was held back a year after failing an exam in his third year. And like the rest of his classmates, in his final year, Toh was required to complete a one-year placement (实习工作) at a hospital, with some shifts lasting up to 30 hours. That’s why his family and classmates often visited him, inspiring him to keep going. “I was initially surprised and curious about why he wanted to become a doctor at his age,” one of his classmates said. “Despite being older, Toh was no less of a student. He was really competitive, and a true inspiration. I’m proud to have graduated alongside such a remarkable individual.” 1．What’s the purpose of Toh’s studying medicine? A．To improve his work. B．To realize a lifelong dream. C．To benefit other people. D．To give his friends a surprise. 2．What was a challenge for Toh when studying medicine? A．Attending online lectures. B．Getting admitted to a famous college. C．Asking for special treatment. D．Finding a hospital for his placement. 3．What can we learn about Toh from his classmate’s words? A．Toh was as good a student as others. B．Toh was a big trouble for his classmates. C．Toh got a lot of help from his classmates. D．Toh often inspired his classmates to keep going. 4．What message does the text convey? A．Lifelong learning matters in modern society. B．Anyone can pursue their dreams at any age. C．Universities should be open to older applicants. D．Age is not a problem in becoming a tech seller. 主题01 人与社会——历史，社会与文化 Passage 1 （山东省聊城市多校2024-2025学年高三上学期期末诊断检测英语试题）Born into a farming family in Chongqing, Wang Minglong was always one of the shortest and skinniest kids in his class. At age 13, Wang was diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) (强直性脊柱炎) and was told he might spend the rest of his life in a wheelchair. However, after years of preparations, he became the first person in the world with the disease to scale the world’s tallest peak Mount Qomolangma, demonstrating the power of passion, courage and perseverance. Actually, within a few months of being diagnosed, Wang Minglong fell into a deep depression and became discouraged due to continuous pain and desperation, until he watched the movie Forrest Gump at school and was inspired. “I wanted to run like Gump and I wanted a fulfilling life as well,” he recalled. Motivated by the movie, Wang joined the school’s athletic team and started running every morning despite the pain. After four years, to his surprise, he grew much stronger and ran faster than most of his teammates. At the same time, he performed well in his study and became a computer science major at Chongqing University. But his disease never left him. In 2021, a medical check found that his spine was about to break. The doctor told him that one fall could make him a paraplegic (瘫痪病人), and suggested surgery. The surgery was a success. After some rest, he found himself much stronger and physically more prepared to realize his dream of scaling the highest mountain in the world. As his inflexible spine severely limits his head and upper body movements, his journey was more dangerous than for other climbers. “I was so close to death at least three times, I thought I might die up there (on the mountain), ” he said. “The disease and pain can only make me love the world a lot more,” he said. “I want to spread the passion for life to more people around me.” 1．What inspired Wang Minglong to scale the highest mountain in the world? A．The vision of living a fulfilling life. B．The determination to defeat his disease. C．The intention of encouraging young people. D．The preference for experiencing adventures. 2．What do we know about Wang Minglong? A．He has always been positive about his disease. B．His spine made the climbing more challenging. C．He joined a computer science club in university. D．He is the first man to scale the peak Mount Qomolangm. 3．Which of the following words can best describe Wang? A．Brave and intelligent. B．Ambitious and tolerant. C．Perseverant and optimistic. D．Strong-willed and patient. 4．What can we learn from this passage? A．Roses given, fragrance in hand. B．Action speaks louder than words. C．Two heads are better than one head. D．Where there is a will, there is a way. Passage 2 （山东省青岛市莱西市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）For some days I just found the mail delivery in our street a little different. I opened my mailbox as usual. Nothing, but my neighbors’ mail. The man who delivered the mails must have made a mistake. What else could it have been? I was reaching out for my neighbor’s mailbox when a tall man ran out of my neighbor’s house, shouting about messing with his friend’s mail. He snatched (夺过) the mail from my hand, opened the mailbox and pointed to the mail inside. “What are you going to do with it?” Feeling my face burning, I shook my head, “No, believe me. I got this mail by mistake in my box today. I was just bringing it to them.” He gave me a funny look and went back into his house. I got the knock on the door the next morning by two very polite officers. The annoyed tall man had phoned the police and told them I was a crazy old woman going around mixing up everyone’s mail. Before I could finish telling them about what was going on, everyone, including the officers, the tall man and me, was surprised by what was happening outside. A dog approached my mailbox with mail in his mouth. He took out the mail that was in my box and put some letters in. Then, he pushed the door closed with his nose, picked up the new pile of mail he had gotten from my box, and repeated this all the way down the next street. We all started laughing. The dog had kept company with the postman, who had died last month. The dog had been trained to put mail in and take mail out of the boxes. After he was left alone, he was settled in a local animal shelter. When he got loose for some reason, he assumed his duties. I shared the whole story with the tall man. He said sorry to me and got touched by the dog story. He did, moreover, adopt the little guy. 1．Why did the tall man give the author a funny look? A．To relieve his embarrassment. B．To show his curiosity. C．To contain his annoyance. D．To cast his doubt. 2．How did the police officers discover the truth? A．By analyzing the case. B．By questioning the author. C．By witnessing the mix-up. D．By consulting the tall man. 3．What can be learned about the dog? A．He used to live a lonely life. B．He was well-trained and devoted. C．He took the place of the postman. D．He actively socialized with the neighbors. 4．What’s the best title for the story? A．A mail service B．Great duties C．Special delivery D．A dog’s tale Passage 3 （山东省济宁市第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期2月定时检测（期末）英语试题）Frederick Phiri, at just 22, started to earn an international reputation for being able to make complex and elegant sculptures from scrap metal (金属废料) found in his community. Phiri’s father died when he was starting primary school. Then his mother abandoned him and he had to stay with his grandfather. His grandfather paid for his schooling through primary school but when he entered secondary school, he had to get various jobs to pay for his fees. Yet even in school, he was always drawing and making things in class. After graduating, he did what he could to support himself by making animal sculptures from wires and sold them to tourists. His work was so popular that it caught the eye of Karen Beattie, director of Project Luangwa, a nonprofit dedicated to education and economic development in central Africa. “I introduced him to a local welder (焊工),” Beattie told Newsweek. In 2017, Phiri worked with welder Moses Mbewe during the rainy season, helping to make a complex set of doors for Project Luangwa. The piece sparked an idea in Beattie’s mind “handed him a bunch of scrap metal and said, ‘Make something with this.’ And he did. It was wonderful.” Today, Phiri continues his art, using pieces of junk people bring him — keys, broken bike chains, old metal plugs and whatever scrap metal is lying around. He then turns the junk into abstract animals — elephants, cranes, giraffes, chameleons — and sells them at Project Luangwa headquarters. The community has recognized his talents. “My dream is to earn enough to study art at the Evelyn Hone College in Lusaka and be able to make a living from it,” Phiri said, “And then to make very large sculptures.” 1．What is Phiri known for? A．Serving his community. B．Collecting works of art. C．Being the king of Zambia. D．Turning trash into treasure. 2．What can we learn about Phiri from paragraph 2? A．He had an unhappy childhood. B．He paid for his primary school. C．He had to support his grandfather. D．He missed school to do part-time jobs. 3．How does Phiri feel about his future? A．Uncertain. B．Confident. C．Depressed. D．Satisfied. 4．What can be a suitable title for the passage? A．A Rough Road to Success B．The Junk Art King of Zambia C．A Young Man’s Wildest Dream D．The Modern Junk Works of Art Passage 4 （山东省济南市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末学习质量检测英语试题）A rising star from Virginia has secured the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” for his groundbreaking creation — a bar of soap designed to battle against skin cancer. At just 14 years old, Heman Bekele emerged as the victor of the 2023 Young Scientist Challenge, standing out among the ten finalists with his innovative creation known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap (SCTS). Bekele’s brilliant concept centers on the development of a soap that is not only affordable, but also has the potential to reactivate the body’s natural defenders of the skin to stop skin cancer. In Bekele’s own words, “Curing cancer, one bar of soap at a time. ”He always has endless passion for biology and technology, and the Young Scientist Challenge just provided him with the perfect platform to display his ideas. Reflecting on his inspiration, Bekele shared that his childhood played a significant role in shaping his innovative thinking. Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun, he couldn’t help but wonder how many were aware of the risks associated with constant sun exposure. “I wanted to make my idea not only scientifically exceptional but also accessible to a broad audience,” Bekele expressed during an interview with the media. He received invaluable guidance from Deborah Isabelle, a product engineering specialist, who connected him with other scientists to aid him in reaching his ambitious plans. During his presentation, Bekele passionately expressed his vision of turning the soap into “a symbol of hope, accessibility, and a world where skin cancer treatment is within reach for all.” Over the coming five years, Bekele longs to perfect his invention and establish a nonprofit organization devoted to distributing his innovative creation to more places including undeveloped communities, offering hope and a practical solution in the fight against skin cancer. 1．What made Bekele an instant hit? A．Starting a soap fashion. B．Overcoming skin cancer. C．Being the youngest scientist. D．Creating a soap against skin cancer. 2．What inspired Bekele to invent SCTS? A．His concern for others. B．His adventure in childhood. C．His enthusiasm for technology. D．His interest in medical knowledge. 3．What will Bekele do in the near future? A．Obtain official approval. B．Visit undeveloped areas. C．Increase the availability of the soap. D．Update the facilities of production. 4．Which of the following can best describe Bekele? A．Inspiring and modest. B．Humorous and positive. C．Creative and considerate. D．Curious and independent. 主题02 人与自然 Passage 1 （江苏省泰州市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题）With a father who is a chemist and a mother who is a biologist it seemed natural for Kelydra to learn how the world worked by doing science experiments. Kelydra was 15 when the breaking news came that a chemical called C8 in her town’s water supply might cause cancer. Kelydra wondered what she could do to help. Like any good scientist, she started by researching the problem. What exactly was C8? She found out that C8, also known as APFO, is a chemical with a chain of eight carbon atoms. This chemical has shown up not only in drinking water but also in the bodies of people and animals. How much of this chemical was in the water supply? In fact, nobody even knew of an inexpensive, reliable test that could measure the amount of APFO in water. So Kelydra decided to invent one. Kelydra learned that when you shake water contaminated with high amounts of APFO, the water gets foamy (起泡沫的) . The more APFO in the water, the more foam there will be. In this way she could calculate the level of pollutants of the original river water sample. But she wanted to know more than that. So she started working on a way to remove APFO from the water. She finally succeeded by using a device, consisting of a dry cell battery and two electrodes (电极) . Kelydra dipped the electrodes in the water. Then, in a specific process, one of the electrodes became an electrically charged tool that attracted the APFO in the water. Kelydra could then remove the electrode, wash it off, and put it back in the water to draw out more of the chemical. Kelydra then added another ingredient to the water: activated carbon which looks like grains of black sand and is used in water filters. The carbon filtered (过滤) out even more of the APFO. Kelydra repeated the electrosorption and carbon-filtering process until the water was completely free of APFO — and safe to drink. 1．What inspired Kelydra to solve the problem? A．Her extensive knowledge in chemistry. B．Her deep concern for the locals’ health. C．Her great passion for doing experiments. D．Her firm desire to follow her parents’ path. 2．What does the underlined word “contaminated” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Cleaned. B．Polluted. C．Heated. D．Identified. 3．Why did Kelydra add activated carbon to the water? A．To purify the water. B．To remove the foam. C．To filter the carbon. D．To charge the electrodes. 4．Which of the following best describes Kelydra? A．Curious and adventurous. B．Confident and cheerful. C．Conservative and courageous. D．Innovative and committed. Passage 2 （山东省滨州市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题） “Thank you for your email. I have left to pursue my dream of crocheting sweaters for penguins in Antarctica and no longer work for the School of Economics. I will be out of office on a permanent, indefinite, open-ended basis until my penguin friends are happy.” A Chinese student studying in the UK said her tutor, who quit education to knit sweaters for penguins in Antarctica, has been generating buzz online. The charitable act of knitting sweaters for penguins is, in fact, a real initiative. A major oil spill occurred in the waters off the Phillip Island in Australia in the late 1990s, severely affecting local penguins who saw their population shrink over two breeding seasons. When little penguins become oiled, they will try to preen and clean the toxic oil from their feathers, and swallowing it can kill them. It also damages their delicate feathers, which exposes their skin to extreme temperatures and they are left cold, heavy and unable to swim or hunt for food. In response, the Penguin Foundation and Phillip Island Nature Parks launched a public welfare campaign, calling on enthusiasts worldwide to knit sweaters for the freezing penguins during the process of rehabilitation. In 2001, another major oil spill occurred in the waters near Phillip Island, with a total of 438 penguins. affected. 96%were successfully rescued and released back into the wild with the help of the Penguin Foundation and these sweaters. However, some people argue that the sweaters could potentially add extra weight to the penguins’ bodies, or cause them to overheat. The Penguin Foundation explained that the sweaters are used temporarily to keep penguins warm before their bodies are washed and feathers recover. Sweaters for penguins must be crafted from wool and follow specific knitting guidelines. Numerous sweaters that have failed to meet the standards have been repurposed for toy penguins. By selling toy penguins wearing these sweaters, the Penguin Foundation raises fund for the wildlife on Phillip Island. 1．What is the direct impact of the oil spill on penguins? A．They are unable to prey. B．Their feathers are spoiled. C．They are left to extreme cold. D．They have trouble in swallowing. 2．Why are the numbers listed in Paragraph 5? A．To show the severity of the oil spill. B．To illustrate the achievement of the campaign. C．To explain the serious conditions of the penguins. D．To add some background information of the oil spill 3．What can we learn about the sweaters from the last paragraph? A．Many of them go to waste. B．They are highly impractical. C．Their production is demanding. D．They solved the problems for good. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．An initiative generates buzz on the Internet. B．A major oil spill took place on Phillip Island. C．A tutor quits to knit sweaters for penguins in Antarctica. D．The Penguin Foundation asked for more penguin sweaters. Passage 3 （山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题B卷）David and Alicia Tschirhart adored their Yellow Lab, Marley, but they never knew just how much, until that day back in 2014 when they were hiking with him in hills near their San Diego home. “Alicia went off the path to grab a walking stick to help through the path,” David recalled. “And Marley all of a sudden darted (猛冲) from me and he started clawing the ground where Alicia was reaching for a walking stick. And I didn’t know what was happening. Alicia kind of fell back. When I looked more closely, I saw that it was a rattlesnake,” he told journalist Tracy Smith. Rattlesnakes are common on these trails, which are very steep and miles from any hospital. And the Tschirharts didn’t have cellphones with them. For Alicia, who was four months pregnant, a snake bite could have been a disaster. Thankfully, 12-year-old Marley scared the snake away, and a few months later, the Tschirharts’ first daughter Maddie was born. But by then, Marley had been diagnosed with cancer, and by Thanksgiving weekend 2014, it was clear the end was near. And their love for Marley was so strong that they couldn’t really let it go. So, the Tschirharts turned to ViaGen Pets, of Austin, Texas, a company that has cloned hundreds of pets for a multitude of grateful owners. For as much as $50,000, the company will culture the cells, create embryos, implant them in a surrogate (代孕母亲), and deliver a clone of your loved one. Marley’s clone, Ziggy, an energetic yellow ball. But to David and Alicia, he’s nothing less than Marley reborn. “He is exactly the twin of Marley,” said David. “So, he’s in, I guess, the same environment. So really, he’s become the same dog.” And while pet cloning is still debatable, it can mean, for some at least, that with the right amount of love, science and money, you never really need to say goodbye. 1．Why did Marley suddenly behave that way during the hike? A．It wanted to have some fun. B．It wasn’t normal sometimes. C．It detected danger for its owner. D．It found a better stick for its owner. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly show? A．The couple just have one daughter now. B．The couple were very grateful to the dog. C．The couple don’t like using a cellphone. D．The couple were very careless sometimes. 3．What did the couple decide to do near Marley’s death? A．Save it no matter how hard it is. B．Find its surrogate for them to meet. C．Let it die without suffering any pain. D．Clone a dog through new technology. 4．What is the couple’s attitude towards Ziggy? A．They find it very satisfying to them. B．They consider it a totally new dog. C．They are quite concerned about it. D．They don’t think it’s as good as Marley. Passage 4 （山东省淄博市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末摸底质量检测英语试题）My first dependant was a duck called Mr. Kite. As a cream-faced four-year-old, it was my job at the nursery to turn the eggs in the incubator (恒温箱) every day: one side “O”, the other side “X”. We lived in a small, inner-city house with a long, thin garden in east Oxford at the time. As a gentle-hearted vet's (兽医的) daughter, my mum couldn't resist adopting these ducks. I named them Buttercup, Mr. Kite and Drakey. We made them a pond. The bottom was a mosaic (马赛克) made from all the bits of plate and cup that had been broken during family rows. Within 30 seconds,the pond was so full of duck droppings that we never saw the mosaic again. One of the most magical moments during my caring for ducks was the night it snowed. Mum, over whelmed by pity and grandmotherly concern, insisted that Mr. Kite and her friends — yes, Mr. Kite was female — be spared another freezing night in the wooden house my dad had built for them at the end of the garden; we caught them, flapping and shouting, and brought them in to sleep in the kitchen.Have you ever seen three ducks go wild in a tiny kitchen? It was one of the best moments of my childhood. It smelled like the underside of hell's socks by the time they had left. I used to spend my summers lazing in a swimming pool with Mr. Kite and the others. Eventually, though, our neighbour complained that they were being woken at 4:45 a.m.. So, the feathered three went to live with an old couple in the country. Fair enough — you don't move to the city to have the dawn torn apart by quacking  — although it must have made a change from student parties and the sound of 19-year-olds being sick by the bins. I wonder now if this early experience of duck adoption is the reason that, at least three times a week, what ever the weather, you will find me swimming in the Thames or a nearby lake with the ducks. Although they never say hello. 1．Why were there marks of “O” and “X” on eggs? A．To have fun. B．To count the eggs. C．To tell sides apart. D．To distinguish males from females. 2．What was the initial reason for duck adoption? A．Family preference. B．A nursery assignment. C．The mother's occupation. D．Neighbour' support. 3．What does paragraph 3 imply? A．The ducks' smells drove the author mad. B．The energetic ducks brought much pleasure. C．The ducks were hard to feed in cold weather. D．The ducks were offered luxury accommodation. 4．What was the author's response to the neighbor' complaints? A．Rejecting firmly. B．Ignoring deliberately. C．Explaining patiently. D．Accepting unwillingly. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （山东省青岛市四区联考2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Bhavin Shastri’s interest in light started young. He recalls an experiment that he saw as a child: A plastic water bottle was stuck near its base such that a steady stream of water flowed out and downward under the force of gravity. A light shined through the hole in the bottle and, to Shastri’s amazement, it didn’t continue on a horizontal path. Instead, it bent downward with the stream of water. “I was just so completely blown away by this experiment,” he says. Since then, Shastri has been thinking about how light can be controlled, while also exploring other research interests. In college, he worked with a professor who was researching machine learning. As a postdoc at Princeton University, Shastri met physicist Paul Prucnal. He told Shastri about his research creating a light that behaves like a biological neuron (神经元), and how the team was looking to compute with such light. That idea caught Shastri’s attention. Though researchers have used light to send, store and process data in the lab, photonic (光子的) computing is still at its early stage. Shastri has set out to push those boundaries. He engineers, builds and performs experiments on chip-sized (芯片大小的) photonic devices. His team began by studying simpler devices similar to a single neuron, analyzing how they could function like a biological neuron. Years later, in a yet-to-be-published work, the researchers have demonstrated that a chip with 100,000 neuronlike components can perform 120 billion operations per second, about 40 times faster than the average electronic computer. Daniel Brunner, a computing researcher at FEMTO-ST Institute, praised Shastri’s groundbreaking work. “I can’t even count the publications where he basically laid the foundation” for using photonics to create physical neural networks, Brunner says. Shastri may be set on transforming computing, but his work is motivated by a decades-old fascination with light and its properties. “I have been very lucky to be able to do something,” he says, “that has always been my childhood dream.” 1．What attracted Shastri most about the experiment in paragraph 1? A．Effects of gravity on objects. B．Properties of plastic products. C．The pressure of flowing water. D．The phenomenon of light bending. 2．What did Prucnal inspire Shastri to do? A．Take an interest in light. B．Analyse the function of neurons. C．Research into photonic computing. D．Learn about machine learning. 3．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Challenges Shastri faces in developing the chip. B．The practical application of photonic computing. C．The computing performance of electronic computers. D．Achievements Shastri’s team makes in photonic computing. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Wonders of Light B．The Light Pursuer’s Journey C．In the Footsteps of Scientists D．Development of Computing Technology 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Shastri从小对光的兴趣，到后来研究光子计算，并取得成就的过程。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“He recalls an experiment that he saw as a child: A plastic water bottle was stuck near its base such that a steady stream of water flowed out and downward under the force of gravity. A light shined through the hole in the bottle and, to Shastri’s amazement, it didn’t continue on a horizontal path. Instead, it bent downward with the stream of water. “I was just so completely blown away by this experiment,” he says.(他回忆起小时候看到的一个实验：一个塑料水瓶被卡在底部附近，在重力的作用下，一股水流稳定地流出并向下流动。一束光从瓶子的洞里照了进来，令沙斯特里惊讶的是，它并没有沿着水平的路径继续前进。相反，它随着水流向下弯曲。‘我完全被这个实验震撼了，’他说。)”可知，第一段中提及的实验最吸引Shastri的是光的弯曲现象。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“He told Shastri about his research creating a light that behaves like a biological neuron (神经元), and how the team was looking to compute with such light. That idea caught Shastri’s attention.(他告诉沙斯特里，他的研究创造了一种行为类似生物神经元的光，以及该团队如何利用这种光进行计算。这个想法引起了沙斯特里的注意)”可知，Prucnal激励Shastri做光子计算研究。故选C项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“He engineers, builds and performs experiments on chip-sized (芯片大小的) photonic devices. His team began by studying simpler devices similar to a single neuron, analyzing how they could function like a biological neuron. Years later, in a yet-to-be-published work, the researchers have demonstrated that a chip with 100,000 neuronlike components can perform 120 billion operations per second, about 40 times faster than the average electronic computer.(沙斯特里已经开始突破这些界限。他设计、建造并执行芯片大小的光子器件实验。他的团队从研究类似于单个神经元的更简单的设备开始，分析它们如何像生物神经元一样运作。几年后，在一篇尚未发表的论文中，研究人员已经证明，一个拥有10万个类似神经元的组件的芯片每秒可以执行1200亿次操作，比普通电子计算机快大约40倍)”可知，第三段主要关于Shastri团队在光子计算方面的成就。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中“Bhavin Shastri’s interest in light started young.( 沙斯特对光的兴趣从年轻时就开始了)”、第二段中“Since then, Shastri has been thinking about how light can be controlled, while also exploring other research interests.(从那以后，沙斯特里一直在思考如何控制光线，同时也在探索其他研究兴趣)”以及第三段中“Shastri has set out to push those boundaries.(沙斯特里已经开始突破这些界限)”可知，文章主要讲述Shastri从小对光的兴趣，到后来研究光子计算，并取得成就的过程。B选项“追光者的旅程”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。 Passage 2 （山东省德州市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Growing up, I was afraid of using my voice, concerned that sharing my thoughts would differentiate me from my peers. Raised by immigrant parents who often mispronounced words, I was afraid my voice would expose my inadequacies(不足), considering my inability to adopt a so-called “authentic American” accent as a flaw tied to my Asian identity. I quickly fell into the label of most Asian girls, but it was not because of my shyness or liking being quiet. All the beloved female characters on the Disney and Nickelodeon TV shows and all the popular girls at my school made me more silent and invisible. As I grew older, my silence became a habit. I would stay in spaces like a shadow, present but inactive. My mom grew frustrated and confused as to why I was so silent as a shell everywhere. To cope with the spiritual crisis, I took to writing, where I could think through my ideas without the pressure of pronunciation. Writing opened my eyes to the many thoughts and emotions I had been silencing. I began to observe the way my mom spoke, too. She was very vocal, whether it was chatting with her friends or it was defending herself as an ethnic minority. She always stood up for what she believed in—mispronunciations and all. Through writing and observing my mom, I realized that I had been shutting myself down before anyone else could judge me, robbing myself of the chance to be heard. I began to speak up and tell others about my background, though I have only been there several times. In sharing so many of my stories, I began to connect with those who could relate and shine a light on the beauties of living in my own culture. Now, I proudly embrace my voice without considering mispronunciation. By celebrating my ethnic heritage through shared stories, I am taking a step further towards embracing my identity, proving that my voice, filled with richness and authenticity, deserves to be heard. 1．What made the author afraid to use her voice? A．She had to compete with others. B．She was unable to master English. C．She was born too shy to express herself. D．She spoke a different accent from others. 2．What did those popular girls bring to the author? A．Guilt. B．Sympathy. C．Stress. D．Belonging. 3．How can the author’s writing and observing her mom be defined? A．A shortcut to learning English. B．A process of her self-awareness. C．A step towards better writing skills. D．An exploration of cultural differences. 4．What did the author express when concluding her story? A．Satisfaction with her family. B．Acceptance of her identity. C．Evaluation on Asian immigrants. D．Appreciation of the foreign culture. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者害怕使用自己的声音，这是因为作者怕暴露出自己的亚洲身份，随后作者变得沉默寡言，为了应对自己的精神危机，作者开始写作，并观察妈妈的说话方式，慢慢地作者接受了自己的身份。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Raised by immigrant parents who often mispronounced words, I was afraid my voice would expose my inadequacies(不足), considering my inability to adopt a so-called “authentic American” accent as a flaw tied to my Asian identity.(我父母是移民，他们经常把单词念错，我害怕自己的声音会暴露出我的不足，认为自己无法接纳所谓“纯的美国”口音是与我的亚洲身份相关的缺陷。)”可知，作者说话的口音与别人的口音不同，这让作者害怕使用她的声音。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“All the beloved female characters on the Disney and Nickelodeon TV shows and all the popular girls at my school made me more silent and invisible.(迪士尼和尼克电视节目中的所有心爱的女性角色以及我学校的所有受欢迎的女孩都使我更加沉默和隐形。)”可知，那些受欢迎的女孩使作者更加沉默和隐形，由此可推知，她们带给作者压力。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“To cope with the spiritual crisis, I took to writing, where I could think through my ideas without the pressure of pronunciation. Writing opened my eyes to the many thoughts and emotions I had been silencing. I began to observe the way my mom spoke, too. She was very vocal, whether it was chatting with her friends or it was defending herself as an ethnic minority. She always stood up for what she believed in—mispronunciations and all.(为了应对精神危机，我开始写作，在这里我可以不受发音压力的影响来思考我的想法。写作让我看到了我一直在压抑的许多思想情感。我也开始观察我妈妈的说话方式。她非常健谈，无论是和朋友聊天还是作为少数民族为自己辩护。她总是为她所相信的身而出——即使有发音错误。)”可知，作者通过写作和观察她的妈妈使自己看到了自己压抑的情感，由此可推知，这是她自我意识的过程。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Now, I proudly embrace my voice without considering mispronunciation. By celebrating my ethnic heritage through shared stories, I am taking a step further towards embracing my identity, proving that my voice, filled with richness and authenticity, deserves to be heard.(现在，我自豪地接受我的声音，而不考虑发音错误。通过分享的故事庆祝我的种族遗产，我正在进一步接受我的身份，证明我的声音充满了丰富性和真实性，值得被听到。)”可知，作者在总结自己的故事时，表达了她已经接受了她的身份。故选B。 Passage 3 （山东省菏泽市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）When I was growing up, my mom often said that no matter what grades I got in school, as long as I did my best, she’d be proud of me. Then she added, “But if you didn’t get an A, I’ll know you didn’t do your best.” She said it with a smile, but I took it seriously: I shouldn’t settle for anything less than perfect. My greatest weakness is that I’m too much of a perfectionist. Perfectionism is the desire to be 100% perfect. The goal is zero faults and no failures. In an increasingly competitive world, kids face growing pressure from parents to be perfect and severe criticism when they fall short. Every fault is a blow to their self-esteem (自尊). I’ve lived it myself. When I won the fifth-grade quiz bowl on world explorers, I beat myself up afterward for missing one question. How could I forget that the sea route to India was discovered by da Gama, but not Magellan? When I made the finals of a Mortal Kombat tournament and won a lifetime pass to a local movie theater, I didn’t celebrate. Third place is the second loser. When I won the first prize in a math test, I was disappointed. Only a 98? Not good enough. There was always a voice in the back of my mind whispering that it wasn’t enough and that I could have done better. It was during my college years that I started to question the value of this perfectionism. I met people who didn’t seem to be weighed down by the same expectations, who accepted their mistakes and saw them as opportunities for growth rather than failures. They taught me that it was okay to be imperfect, that it was human to make mistakes, and that sometimes, the most important lessons come from our failures. 1．What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A．Why the author became a perfectionist. B．The disadvantage of being a perfectionist. C．How the author got the good grades in school. D．The feeling of being grateful to the author’s mother. 2．What made the author unsatisfied with what had been achieved? A．Blame from parents. B．Desire to get first prize. C．Eagerness to be perfect. D．Pressure of competitions. 3．What made the author change the attitude towards perfectionism? A．Losing expectation to succeed. B．Realizing the harm of being perfect. C．Learning lessons from other people’s failure. D．Encountering those accepting imperfection. 4．Which column of a magazine may the text be taken from? A．Parenting Styles. B．Coming-of-Age Stories. C．People of Achievement. D．Challenges Facing Youth. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小到大追求完美，到大学时期因遇到一些人而改变对完美主义态度的成长故事。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“When I was growing up, my mom often said that no matter what grades I got in school, as long as I did my best, she’d be proud of me. Then she added, “But if you didn’t get an A, I’ll know you didn’t do your best.” She said it with a smile, but I took it seriously: I shouldn’t settle for anything less than perfect. My greatest weakness is that I’m too much of a perfectionist.(在我成长的过程中，我妈妈经常说，不管我在学校取得了什么成绩，只要我做到了最好，她就会为我感到骄傲。然后她又说：“但如果你没有得到A，我就知道你没有尽力。”她说这话时面带微笑，但我却当真了：我不应该满足于任何不完美的东西。我最大的缺点是过于追求完美)”可知，第一段主要讲的是作者成为完美主义者的原因。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Perfectionism is the desire to be 20% perfect. The goal is zero faults and no failures.(完美主义就是想要20%完美。目标是零错误，没有失败)”以及第三段“When I won the fifth-grade quiz bowl on world explorers, I beat myself up afterward for missing one question.(当我在五年级世界探险家竞赛中获胜时，我因为错过了一道题而自责)”可知，渴望完美让作者对已经取得的成就不满意。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I met people who didn’t seem to be weighed down by the same expectations, who accepted their mistakes and saw them as opportunities for growth rather than failures. They taught me that it was okay to be imperfect, that it was human to make mistakes, and that sometimes, the most important lessons come from our failures.(我遇到了一些人，他们似乎没有被同样的期望所拖累，他们接受自己的错误，把它们视为成长的机会，而不是失败。他们告诉我，不完美是可以接受的，犯错误是人之常情，有时候，最重要的教训来自于我们的失败)”可知，遇到那些接受不完美的人让作者改变了对完美主义的态度。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“My greatest weakness is that I’m too much of a perfectionist.(我最大的缺点是过于追求完美)”以及最后一段“It was during my college years that I started to question the value of this perfectionism.(在大学期间，我开始质疑这种完美主义的价值)”结合文章主要讲述了作者从小到大追求完美，到大学时期因遇到一些人而改变对完美主义态度的成长故事。可知，这篇文章可能取自杂志的“成长故事”专栏。故选B。 Passage 4 （山东省日照市2024-2025高三上学期期末校际联合考试英语试题）My legs were starting to ache from standing by my research poster for nearly ten hours. At 15, I was anxiously awaiting the possibility to speak to my biggest role model, J. Michael Bishop, MD．I’d learnt from other students who had previously participated in the International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF) that the Nobel laureate walks around from poster to poster to speak with students during the Public Showcase Day. J. Michael Bishop, MD, who was the winner of the 1989 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, talked about his childhood and how he had hardly been exposed to science. Throughout his college education, he never imagined himself becoming a scientist. He had even been denied entry into countless labs due to a lack of prior experience. He had an ambition to become a scientist, but lacked the guidance to visualize his future career. Over time, he developed relationships with instructors who believed in him. More importantly, he learned how to believe in himself. I found inspiration in Dr. Bishop’s goal of becoming a scientist and his willingness to be open and vulnerable — he often gave talks about his own self-doubt. Dr. Bishop is a role model for anyone who, like me, comes from an unconventional background, inspiring us to persevere and work through self-doubt to pursue a career in science. When Dr. Bishop was just inches away from the posters nearest to mine, I ran up to my role model and asked him to come to my poster even if I wasn’t on his list. He was kind enough to spend at least an hour with me, discussing my research and ultimate goal to pursue a PhD． Seven years after meeting Dr. Bishop, I had the privilege of pursuing a PhD in cancer biology, and my path continues to mirror his. I am devoting my graduate and scientific career to instructing students from underrepresented backgrounds through teaching, guiding them through their own research projects, and openly sharing my own story, just as Dr. Bishop does. 1．Why did the author stand by her research poster so long? A．To perfect her research poster. B．To conduct her scientific research. C．To participate in the event of ISEF. D．To seek chance to talk to Dr. Bishop. 2．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Dr. Bishop’s plan for his future career. B．Dr. Bishop’s early exposure to science. C．Dr. Bishop’s experience in experiments. D．Dr. Bishop’s hard path to turning scientist. 3．Why did the author consider Dr. Bishop her role model? A．He overcame self-doubt to achieve his goal. B．He was willing to talk about his vulnerability. C．He worked hard and had strong self-discipline. D．He was a success with a conventional background. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．The author feels proud of her extraordinary students. B．The author follows Dr. Bishop's example to help her students. C．Teachers sharing their own story impress their students deeply. D．Dr. Bishop has a great impact on the author's research methods. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者从他的榜样 —— 诺贝尔奖得主 J. Michael Bishop 医学博士的克服困难追求科学事业的故事中找到了灵感。七年后，作者始终以 Dr. Bishop 为榜样来帮助自己的学生。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“At 15, I was anxiously awaiting the possibility to speak to my biggest role model, J. Michael Bishop, MD.(十五岁时，我焦急地等待着有机会和我最大的偶像J. Michael Bishop博士交谈)”可知，作者站在展板边上是为了等机会与Bishop博士交谈。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“J. Michael Bishop, MD, who was the winner of the 1989 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, talked about his childhood and how he had hardly been exposed to science. Throughout his college education, he never imagined himself becoming a scientist. He had even been denied entry into countless labs due to a lack of prior experience. He had an ambition to become a scientist, but lacked the guidance to visualize his future career. Over time, he developed relationships with instructors who believed in him. More importantly, he learned how to believe in himself.(J. Michael Bishop是1989年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的获得者，他谈到了他的童年，以及他几乎没有接触过科学。在大学期间，他从未想过自己会成为一名科学家。由于缺乏经验，他甚至被无数实验室拒绝进入。他有成为一名科学家的雄心，但缺乏对他未来事业的设想的指导。随着时间的推移，他与信任他的指导员建立了关系。更重要的是，他学会了如何相信自己。）可知，这一段主要介绍了Bishop博士成为科学家的艰辛之路。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Dr. Bishop is a role model for anyone who, like me, comes from an unconventional background, inspiring us to persevere and work through self-doubt to pursue a career in science.(Dr. Bishop是所有像我一样来自非常规背景的人的榜样，他激励我们坚持不懈，克服自我怀疑，追求科学事业。）可知，作者认为Bishop博士是她的榜样是因为他克服了自我怀疑实现了他的目标。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I am devoting my graduate and scientific career to instructing students from underrepresented backgrounds through teaching, guiding them through their own research projects, and openly sharing my own story, just as Dr. Bishop does.(我把我的研究生生涯和科研生涯都奉献给了通过教学来指导那些来自弱势背景的学生，指导他们完成自己的研究项目，并公开分享自己的故事，就像Bishop博士所做的那样)”可推知，作者效仿Bishop博士去帮助她的学生。故选B。 主题02 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 （山东省部分学校2024-2025学年高三毕业班上学期学业水平质量检测英语试题）14-year-old Jessica was born with small eyes, making it difficult for her to see the markings and numbers on traditional maths sets at school. Disappointed that standard equipment just didn’t add up, Jessica’s mum, Sam, emailed stationery (文具) giant Maped Helix, more in hope than expectation that they might have something that could help. She was so surprised when she got a reply saying that the team at Helix, inspired by Jessica’s story, had decided to develop a unique stationery set specifically to support the needs of children with sight difficulties. The groundbreaking Oxford Vision Maths Set includes a self-centering metal compass with safety point, a pencil sharpener, 15 cm/6-inch ruler, 45° and 60° set squares, etc. Designed in cooperation with the Royal National Institute of Blind People (RNIB), the maths set has been created using a high contrasting black and yellow design to make each item easier to read. The complete set is sold in plastic-free packaging made from recycled materials. Following guidance from the experts, clever details such as large print graduations (刻度线) on the ruler, as well as all the text being raised by 0.5 mm have been included. “We receive a lot of emails, but this particular one really struck a chord with us, making us really think of how we can have a commitment to empower all children,” said Gray Richmond, Managing Director at Maped Helix. “This product will make a huge difference to the lives of children with vision conditions, allowing them to have independence in the classroom and giving them access to the same opportunities as their sighted classmates,” said Nicola Cornwell, Head of Business Services at RNIB． 1．What difficulty does Jessica face at school? A．She cannot understand numbers. B．She fails in her maths examinations. C．She finds it hard to hear in the classroom. D．She struggles to use traditional stationery. 2．What do we know about the new maths set? A．It is only available in one color. B．It is designed under the guidance of RNIB． C．It has complex designs and decorations. D．It uses plastic packaging to protect the items. 3．What do the underlined words “struck a chord with” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Touched. B．Satisfied. C．Comforted. D．Entertained. 4．Why did Helix decide to develop the Oxford Vision Maths Set? A．To make maths sets more affordable. B．To respond to a customer’s complaint. C．To support children with visual challenges. D．To create a simplified version of maths tools. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述为了帮助有视力障碍的孩子，一个特别的文具套装被开发出来的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“14-year-old Jessica was born with small eyes, making it difficult for her to see the markings and numbers on traditional maths sets at school. (14岁的Jessica天生眼睛很小，这使她在学校里很难看清传统数学套件上的标记和数字)”可知，Jessica在学校使用传统文具很吃力。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Designed in cooperation with the Royal National Institute of Blind People (RNIB), the maths set has been created using a high contrasting black and yellow design to make each item easier to read. (在皇家盲人研究所 (RNIB) 的合作设计下，这套数学工具采用了高对比度的黑色和黄色设计，使每个项目更容易阅读。)”可知，新的数学套装是在RNIB的指导下设计的。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“making us really think of how we can have a commitment to empower all children(使我们真正思考如何实现我们的承诺，以赋予所有孩子力量)”可知，此处是说：这封特别的邮件真的打动了我们， 使我们真正思考如何实现我们的承诺，以赋予所有孩子力量。所以推测出画线词意为“触动，打动”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“This product will make a huge difference to the lives of children with vision conditions, allowing them to have independence in the classroom and giving them access to the same opportunities as their sighted classmates (这款产品将对有视力障碍的孩子的生活产生巨大影响，使他们在课堂上有独立性，并使他们能够获得与他们的视力正常同学相同的机会。)”可知，Helix决定开发Oxford Vision Maths Set是为了支持有视力障碍的孩子。故选C。 Passage 2 （山东省临沂市郯城第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Peter Kline is the founder of Marathons with Meaning, a program dedicated to making running more accessible for people with disabilities. Kline didn’t begin running until later in life. “I was overweight,52, and I’d never done it,” he says. He tried a 10K and loved it so much that he was hooked. But it wasn’t without a lot of training and a lot of pain: “I tried a marathon, and I did horrible. It was the most miserable, painful experience I ever had. It took me three years to qualify for Boston Marathon.” Eight years later, the idea for Marathons with Meaning was sparked when Kline met a young woman whose spinal column (脊柱) was crushed after an accident. He saw how hard it was for her to manage the world with this disability. At that time, Kline was getting tired of being a stand-alone athlete. “Running is very much an individualistic sport,” he says. “So, I thought,’ Why don’t I try to include somebody else and take them along? “He contacted a children’s hospital and the Make-a-Wish Foundation, and soon he was including rider-athletes in his marathons. And the rest is history. Kline has now been running with rider-athletes for 12 years in marathons all over the world. “The kids love it, and it changes their lives. It changes their parents’ lives, and it changes the other runners. Everybody is empowered by it,” he says. Some rider-athletes are very sick, some are nonverbal, and some are physically disabled but very sharp mentally. For example, one young woman rider-athlete can’t use her arms or legs but she has a Ph.D．in marine biology and speaks three languages. “I never judge the disability or the person’s ability,” Kline says. “They’re amazing, and they inspire us.” What advice would Kline give others? Reach out. Don’t look the other way when you see someone not as well off. If you don’t know how to love unconditionally, then you’ll never understand love. 1．What is the main focus of Marathons with Meaning? A．Training runners for marathons. B．Organizing global marathon events. C．Boosting individual athletic success. D．Making running available to the disabled. 2．What inspired Peter Kline to start Marathons with Meaning? A．His own love for running. B．The encounter with a young disabled woman. C．His desire to get connected. D．The advice from the Make-a-Wish Foundation. 3．How does Marathons with Meaning influence the rider-athletes? A．It enhances their inner power. B．It fuels their competitive spirit. C．It teaches them to value abilities. D．It makes them more sharp-minded. 4．What is the key message of Kline’s advice? A．Treat everyone equally. B．Aim higher to inspire others. C．Connect and assist those in need. D．Understand love before offering help. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Peter Kline创立了“有意义的马拉松”，致力于让残疾人更容易跑步。讲述了他创立这一项目的起因经过以及这一项目给其他残疾运动员带来的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Peter Kline is the founder of Marathons with Meaning, a program dedicated to making running more accessible for people with disabilities.(Peter Kline是“有意义的马拉松”的创始人，该项目致力于让残疾人更容易跑步)”可知，Marathons with Meaning的主要关注点是使跑步对残疾人来说成为可能。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Eight years later, the idea for Marathons with Meaning was sparked when Kline met a young woman whose spinal column (脊柱) was crushed after an accident.(八年后，克莱恩遇到了一位脊柱在事故中被压碎的年轻女子，萌生了举办“有意义的马拉松”的想法)”可知，是遇到了一位年轻的残疾女性激发了Peter Kline创办Marathons with Meaning。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中““The kids love it, and it changes their lives. It changes their parents’ lives, and it changes the other runners. Everybody is empowered by it,” he says.(“孩子们喜欢它，它改变了他们的生活。它改变了他们父母的生活，也改变了其他选手。每个人都被赋予了力量，”他说)”可知，Marathons with Meaning增强了运动员的内在力量，从而影响了运动员。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“What advice would Kline give others? Reach out. Don’t look the other way when you see someone not as well off. If you don’t know how to love unconditionally, then you’ll never understand love.(克莱恩会给别人什么建议？伸出手。当你看到别人并不富裕的时候，不要视而不见。如果你不知道如何无条件地去爱，那么你永远不会理解爱)”可知，Kline建议的关键信息是联系并帮助有需要的人。故选C。 Passage 3 （山东省枣庄市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）The pond is silent — until the first cry: “Found something!” A swimmer ducks into the water. She emerges, fist first, clutching a pair of bright blue children’s swimming goggles. She shakes them overhead, as if she has won a prize. Over the next hour, on a cloudy Saturday morning in July, the team of 15 — all over age 65, all women — hunts for trash across Mares Pond, a 28-acre kettle hole on Cape Cod, at depths of up to 8 feet. These are the Old Ladies Against Underwater Garbage (OLAUG). Since 2017, the group, which accepts only older women as members, has made it its mission to remove trash from ponds across Cape Cod. The group’s existence is owed to Susan Baur, a retired psychologist. As a lifelong nature fan, she had begun swimming in ponds on the cape as a safer alternative to the ocean. However, between mud, darkness and snapping turtles, the world of the pond was at first one of anxiety for her. In 2017, on a whim, she rounded up two friends and a stranger with a kayak and together, they cleared a large amount of litter from a pond. Soon others joined them, and, like Baur, they found a sense of wonder in the pond cleanups. While many outsiders have expressed their gratitude to OLAUG for cleaning up the ponds, some have questioned why they refer to themselves as “old ladies”. Others have said she should open the group to all ages, and to men. Although she admits that it wasn’t initially a thoughtful choice, she now believes that the “old lady” identity is a crucial part of what the group is about. “Over 65, if you’re healthy enough to do what we’re doing, it is the age of gratitude,” Baur says. “You are so grateful that you can still do this.” 1．Why was the group OLAUG founded? A．To promote an active way of life. B．To rescue children from the ponds. C．To clean up garbage in the ponds. D．To advocate swimming to keep fit. 2．What do we know about Susan Baur from the text? A．She longs for a quiet retired life. B．She cares about old ladies' life. C．She is keen on physical training. D．She is a nature-loving woman. 3．What is some people’s suggestion to the group? A．To be more inclusive. B．To broaden its business. C．To rename the group. D．To be more independent. 4．Why does Baur particularly care about their “old lady” identity? A．It helps to promote their image. B．It helps boost their sense of pride. C．It benefits their physical health. D．It helps them win more respect. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了老妇人团队在水塘中清理垃圾，提升了环保意识与自豪感。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Since 2017, the group, which accepts only older women as members, has made it its mission to remove trash from ponds across Cape Cod.(自2017年以来，该组织只接受老年女性作为成员，其使命是清除科德角池塘中的垃圾)”可知，这个团队被建立，是为了清理池塘中的垃圾。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The group’s existence is owed to Susan Baur, a retired psychologist. As a lifelong nature fan, she had begun swimming in ponds on the cape as a safer alternative to the ocean.(该组织的存在归功于退休心理学家苏珊·鲍尔。作为一名终身的自然爱好者，她开始在海角的池塘里游泳，作为海洋的一种更安全的替代品)”可知，苏珊·鲍尔是一位热爱大自然的女性。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“While many outsiders have expressed their gratitude to OLAUG for cleaning up the ponds, some have questioned why they refer to themselves as “old ladies”. Others have said she should open the group to all ages, and to men.(虽然许多局外人对OLAUG清理池塘表示感谢，但一些人质疑她们为什么称自己为“老妇人”。其他人则表示，她应该向所有年龄段和男性开放这个团体)”可知，一些人建议向所有年龄段和男性开放这个团体，即组建一个更具包容性的团队。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Although she admits that it wasn’t initially a thoughtful choice, she now believes that the “old lady” identity is a crucial part of what the group is about. “Over 65, if you’re healthy enough to do what we’re doing, it is the age of gratitude,” Baur says. “You are so grateful that you can still do this.”(尽管她承认这最初不是一个深思熟虑的选择，但她现在认为“老妇人”的身份是这个团体的重要组成部分。鲍尔说：“65岁以上，如果你足够健康，可以做我们正在做的事情，那就是感恩的年龄”，“你很感激你还能做到这一点。”)”可知，鲍尔认为“老妇人”的身份增强了她们的自豪感和团队自我定位。故选B。 Passage 4 （山东省滨州市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）Late one night in July 2020 in Reykjavik, Haraldur(Halli) Thorleifsson was wandering around the city’s main shopping street with his wife and two kids. During their walk, his three-year-old son was thirsty and wanted a drink from the corner store. But Thorleifsson soon discovered he couldn't help with the simple request: A 20-centimetre step blocked his access to the store. The barrier was all too familiar. Born with muscular dystrophy, which causes progressive weakness and loss of muscle, Thorleifsson, now 46, has been using a wheelchair since he was 25. As he waited outside, he recalled, “I thought about how strange it is that we separate families in this way. I thought about all the times I wasn’t able to join my friends at restaurants, pubs and stores that are inaccessible.” Living all over the world as a creative director and digital designer in cities such as San Francisco and Tokyo, Thorleifsson had witnessed first-hand how different cities consider and plan for accessibility, from ramps(斜坡) and sidewalks to public transportation. Having recently sold his digital creative agency, Ueno, to Twitter, Thorleifsson now had the financial means to make a difference in his hometown. He decided to start with a project to make Iceland wheelchair accessible, one ramp at a time. Ramp Up Reykjavik was launched as a non-profit in 2021 with a goal to build 100 ramps, mostly in the city’s down-town, within a year. Unlike portable and temporary solutions in other cities, these ramps are permanent structures that match the aesthetic of the buildings, making them appear as if they’ve always been there. It’s a design detail that helps provide a sense of inclusivity. With the help of government funding and other sponsors, the Ramp Up team finished ahead of schedule and has broadened its scope to all of Iceland, with the goal of building1, 500 ramps countrywide by 2026. 1．What inspired Thorleifsson to build the ramps? A．His inconvenience in life. B．His childhood experience. C．A request from his wife. D．His desire to make a fortune. 2．What made it possible for Thorleifsson to start the project? A．Great donations from society. B．Money from sale of his company. C．Full support from the government. D．A wealth of experience in management. 3．What is special about Thorleifsson’s project? A．It is non-profit. B．It highlights the details. C．It fits in with the surroundings. D．It solves the problem temporarily. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Thorleifsson? A．Flexible and thoughtful. B．Modest and considerate. C．Selfless and confident. D．Generous and helpful. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位名叫Thorleifsson的肌肉萎缩症患者在冰岛发起Ramp Up Reykjavik项目，为建筑物修建坡道的事迹。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“But Thorleifsson soon discovered he couldn't help with the simple request: A 20-centimetre step blocked his access to the store. (但是Thorleifsson很快发现他无法满足这个简单的要求：一个20厘米的台阶挡住了他进入商店的路。)”可知，生活中的不便激发了他修建坡道的灵感。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Having recently sold his digital creative agency, Ueno, to Twitter, Thorleifsson now had the financial means to make a difference in his hometown. (Thorleifsson最近将他的数字创意公司Ueno卖给了Twitter，现在他有了在家乡有所作为的财力。)”可知，Thorleifsson出售公司所得的钱使他开始这个项目成为可能。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Unlike portable and temporary solutions in other cities, these ramps are permanent structures that match the aesthetic of the buildings, making them appear as if they’ve always been there. (与其他城市的便携式和临时解决方案不同，这些坡道是与建筑美学相匹配的永久性结构，使它们看起来好像一直都在那里。)”可知，Thorleifsson的项目特殊之处在于与周围环境融为一体。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Ramp Up Reykjavik was launched as a non-profit in 2021 with a goal to build 100 ramps, mostly in the city's down-town, within a year. (雷克雅未克Ramp Up于2021年作为非营利组织启动，目标是在一年内建造100个坡道，坡道主要在市中心。)”和最后一段中“With the help of government funding and other sponsors, the Ramp Up team finished ahead of schedule and has broadened its scope to all of Iceland, with the goal of building1,500 ramps countrywide by 2026. (在政府资金和其他赞助商的帮助下，Ramp Up团队提前完成了计划，并将其范围扩大到整个冰岛，目标是到2026年在全国范围内建造1500个坡道。)”等内容可知，Thorleifsson是个慷慨大方、乐于助人的人。故选D项。 主题03 人与社会——文学，艺术与体育 Passage 1 （（教研室）山东省泰安市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）As a Chinese-German student at Tsinghua University, I thought I had a good grasp of both Chinese culture and modernization. As one of the destinations of the “Go Jiangsu” program, we visited the Yao Jiaping Embroidery Art Gallery. Before this encounter, my interaction with Suzhou embroidery (刺绣) was limited to online images, which is why, at the art gallery, I was amazed at the unbelievable precision that I had assumed was machine-made. Seeking a hands-on experience, I realized those weaving stories with threads are a millennia-old cultural heritage. It struck me that this isn’t just handicraft; it’s an art form and a slice of history. Wandering through Suzhou at night was a different kind of magic. The streetlights, busy markets, and street food transported me to another dimension. Walking down the Pingjiang Road, where ancient buildings meet modern lighting, I felt the unique charm of Suzhou. It dawned on me that modernization doesn’t have to mean abandoning tradition; they can exist side by side. Exploring Suzhou Industrial Park, I witnessed another facet(方面)of China’s modernization. These towering buildings and cutting-edge companies showcased the rapid pace of China’s modern development.The transition from ancient culture to modern technology was nothing short of astonishing. Visiting the Suzhou Museum of Imperial Kiln Brick rounded out my journey, offering a comprehensive view of China’s history. Each exhibit narrated a story, spanning from ancient artifacts to modern achievements, enriching my understanding of China’s developmental process. Suzhou absolutely lives up to its reputation as “the city of museums, the city of parks, and the city of theater”. Through personal encounters, I gained not just knowledge but a deeper connection and appreciation for China’s culture and progress. This journey wasn’t just a physical one; it was an enriching experience for the soul. 1．Which word can best describe the writer’s trip to Suzhou? A．Costly. B．Extraordinary. C．Romantic. D．Accidental. 2．What does the writer think of Suzhou embroidery? A．It is the best handicraft. B．It is really made by machine. C．It partly mirrors China’s history. D．It was invented by Yao Jianping. 3．Why is the Pingjiang Road mentioned in Paragraph 4? A．To advocate preserving the tradition. B．To highlight the local rapid development. C．To emphasize the importance of modernization. D．To praise the integration of tradition and modernity. 4．What does the writer imply in the last paragraph? A．The trip is well worth it. B．Culture contradicts with progress. C．Suzhou is a good destination for children. D．“Go Jiangsu” program must attain popularity. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇游记，作者作为一名中德学生，记录了其在江苏苏州的一次旅行经历，从中了解到苏州的传统文化与现代化发展。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“I was amazed at the unbelievable precision that I had assumed was machine-made. (我对这种难以置信的精确度感到惊讶，我以为这是机器制造。)”根据第三段“It struck me that this isn’t just handicraft; it’s an art form and a slice of history. (我突然意识到这不仅仅是手工艺；它是一种艺术形式，也是一段历史。)”根据第四段“Wandering through Suzhou at night was a different kind of magic. (夜晚在苏州漫步是另一种神奇的感觉。)”根据第六段“Each exhibit narrated a story, spanning from ancient artifacts to modern achievements, enriching my understanding of China’s developmental process. (每件展品都讲述了一个故事，从古代文物到现代成就，丰富了我对中国发展过程的理解。)”可知，作者去苏州的旅行是“非凡的，令人惊奇的”。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Seeking a hands-on experience, I realized those weaving stories with threads are a millennia-old cultural heritage. It struck me that this isn’t just handicraft; it’s an art form and a slice of history. (为了亲身体验，我意识到这些用线编织故事的是一种已有千年历史的文化遗产。它让我意识到这不只是手工艺；这是艺术形式和一段历史。)”可推知，作者认为苏绣部分反映了中国的历史。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Walking down the Pingjiang Road, where ancient buildings meet modern lighting, I felt the unique charm of Suzhou. It dawned on me that modernization doesn’t have to mean abandoning tradition; they can exist side by side. (在平江路上漫步，古老的建筑与现代的灯光相遇，我感受到了苏州的独特魅力。我突然意识到，现代化并不意味着放弃传统；它们可以并存。)”可知，提到平江路是为了表扬传统和现代的融合。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Through personal encounters, I gained not just knowledge but a deeper connection and appreciation for China’s culture and progress. This journey wasn’t just a physical one; it was an enriching experience for the soul. (通过个人的接触，我不仅获得了知识，还对中国的文化和进步有了更深的联系和欣赏。这次旅行不仅仅是一次身体上的旅行；它是一次灵魂的丰富体验。)”可推知，作者认为这次旅行是值得的。故选A项。 Passage 2 （山东省青岛市即墨区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题）A whale shark under the waves caught in a ray of sunlight, a snow leopard (豹) moving forward with its eyes locked on yours–these images could easily be mistaken for photographs, but in fact they were captured by a paintbrush. British artist Sophie Green often creates paintings of endangered animal species. With a following of over 115, 000 on a social platform, she’s not doing so badly. Last year, one of Green’s works was auctioned (拍卖) at the Royal Geographical Society in London. It was a painting of a chimp (黑猩猩), called Wounda, which had been rescued from a illegal trade by the Jane Goodall Institute in the Republic of Congo. When Wounda arrived at the institute, she was in desperate need of medical attention, but since receiving treatment, she has made a full recovery and now lives in an island reserve. Profits from all Green’s artworks goes towards funding a range of projects, from shark and turtle research to conservation for African land mammals. As a child, Green was diagnosed (诊断) with selective-mutism — a form of anxiety, meaning she wouldn’t speak in class or to her teachers. Consequently, she bathed herself in nature. Green believed painting can be more effective than photography, because it affords more control over the composition. “If you want the animal to be looking directly into your eyes, then you can do that,” she said. Green’s process differs from piece to piece. She often finds images for inspiration everywhere, sometimes using photographs captured by herself or her friends, and sometimes surfing the Internet to find images of the creature she wants to paint. Often, the final piece comes from a combination of several images. Her goal is to encourage action from people who view the artwork. “If you’ve looked into the animal’s eyes, I think it’s much harder to forget that there’s so much going on in the world right now and so many animals that need our help,” Green said. 1．What does the author start the text with? A．Photographs of animals. B．Excellence of Green’s works. C．Limitations of Green’s works. D．Impacts of animal-focused paintings. 2．Why is Green’s painting about a rescued chimp mentioned? A．To stress her environmental awareness. B．To display the main theme of her works. C．To encourage people to support the auction. D．To show her contribution to protecting animals. 3．What do we know about Green’s art-making process? A．She often turns to others for help. B．She mainly relies on online information. C．She observes real animals to get inspiration. D．She combines different images into her work. 4．What does Green mean in the last paragraph? A．Criticizing people for ignoring the endangered animals. B．Emphasizing the importance of eye contact with animals. C．Highlighting the emotional impact of the work on viewers. D．Showing her paintings are more realistic than photographs. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。英国艺术家Sophie Green擅长绘制濒危动物画作，其逼真的艺术风格吸引超过11.5万社交媒体粉丝。她通过拍卖作品为动物保护筹集资金，旨在唤起公众对濒危物种的关注与行动。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A whale shark under the waves caught in a ray of sunlight, a snow leopard (豹) moving forward with its eyes locked on yours–these images could easily be mistaken for photographs, but in fact they were captured by a paintbrush. (一条鲸鲨在海浪下被阳光捕捉到，一只雪豹正向前移动，眼睛紧盯着你——这些图像很容易被误认为是照片，但事实上它们是用画笔拍摄的。)”可知，作者开篇描述了阳光照射下海浪中的鲸鲨、眼神锁定你的雪豹等画面，这些画面极易被误认为是照片，但实际上是由画笔绘制的，通过这些描述展现了Sophie Green作品的精湛，让人误以为是照片。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Last year, one of Green’s works was auctioned (拍卖) at the Royal Geographical Society in London. It was a painting of a chimp (黑猩猩), called Wounda, which had been rescued from a illegal trade by the Jane Goodall Institute in the Republic of Congo. (去年，Green的一件作品在伦敦皇家地理学会拍卖。这是一幅名为Wounda的黑猩猩的画，它是由刚果共和国的珍·古道尔研究所从非法贸易中救出的。)”和第四段“Profits from all Green’s artworks goes towards funding a range of projects, from shark and turtle research to conservation for African land mammals. (Green所有艺术品的利润都用于资助一系列项目，从鲨鱼和海龟研究到非洲陆地哺乳动物的保护。)”可知，Green画的这只获救的黑猩猩作品被拍卖，且她所有作品的收益都用于资助一系列保护动物的项目，所以提到这幅画是为了展示她对保护动物所做出的贡献。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Green’s process differs from piece to piece. She often finds images for inspiration everywhere, sometimes using photographs captured by herself or her friends, and sometimes surfing the Internet to find images of the creature she wants to paint. Often, the final piece comes from a combination of several images. (Green的工艺各不相同。她经常在任何地方找到灵感的图像，有时使用自己或朋友拍摄的照片，有时上网寻找她想画的生物的图像。通常，最终的作品来自几幅图像的组合。)”可知，Green的创作过程因作品而异，她会将不同的图像融入到她的作品中。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Her goal is to encourage action from people who view the artwork. “If you’ve looked into the animal’s eyes, I think it’s much harder to forget that there’s so much going on in the world right now and so many animals that need our help,” Green said. (她的目标是鼓励观看艺术品的人采取行动。Green说：“如果你看着动物的眼睛，我认为很难忘记现在世界上发生了很多事情，有很多动物需要我们的帮助。”。)”可知，通过观看动物的眼睛，观众可以感受到作品背后的情感，并意识到世界上的动物需要帮助，这强调了她的作品对观众的情感影响，让观众更能感受到保护动物的紧迫性，从而采取行动。故选C。 Passage 3 （山东省潍坊市普通高中2024-2025学年高三上学期1月学科素养能力测评英语试题）The world is not short of biographies of Marie Curie, but American science writer Dava Sobel has taken a new approach. In her engaging account of the physicist’s life, she focuses on her legacy (精神) of encouraging other women into science. The book is cleverly structured. Each chapter is assigned a chemical element or material and the name of the person whose work either advanced knowledge of that substance or narrowed Curie’s focus on it. This allows Sobel to trace Curie’s life and its major milestones in time order introducing a new player with each chapter. Even though it’s now more than 120 years since Curie became the first woman to be awarded a Nobel prize, she remains the most widely recognized female scientist. Sobel acknowledges this as a reason for writing another biography and as motivation to continue her trademark approach to writing about science by highlighting women whose contributions and discoveries remain overlooked - one used convincingly in her earlier book, The Glass Universe. Sobel’s storytelling is inviting and her research delicately detailed. But in many of the book’s chapters, science dominates and the inner lives of these women remained unclear. The Canadian physicist Harriet Brooks stands out as an example of a life story left hanging. She quit Curie’s lab and later weakened Curie’s influence by publicly suggesting that Curie’s output had decreased without her husband Pierre. What motivated Brooks remains an open question. One of the most touching passages comes right at the end. A list of “radioactivists” simply notes everyone’s birth and death dates, main achievements and cause of death - a distinct reminder that Curie and many other women paid the ultimate price for their radioactive research. 1．How is Sobel’s biography of Curie structured? A．It compares young scientists’ tough life. B．Each chapter tracks Curie’s major milestones. C．Each chapter combines an element with a scientist. D．It centers on encouraging other women into science. 2．What drives Sobel to write Curie’s biography? A．Sobel’s trademark approach. B．Curie’s overlooked discoveries. C．Sobel’s convincing writing style. D．Curie’s remarkable achievements. 3．Why is Harriet Brooks mentioned in paragraph 4? A．To tell a sad story about Curie. B．To highlight the role of Curie’s husband. C．To demonstrate the biography’s writing feature. D．To indicate the vividness of description in the biography. 4．What does the “radioactivists” list serve as in Sobel’s biography of Curie? A．A creative clue. B．An extra review. C．A finishing touch. D．An awful ending. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一名美国科普作家撰写的居里夫人传记，主要包括其新视角、组织结构、创作动机、写作特点和亮点。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Each chapter is assigned a chemical element or material and the name of the person whose work either advanced knowledge of that substance or narrowed Curie’s focus on it. This allows Sobel to trace Curie’s life and its major milestones in time order introducing a new player with each chapter. (每一章都分配了一种化学元素或物质，以及研究该物质的人的名字，这些人的工作要么促进了对该物质的了解，要么缩小了居里夫人对该物质的研究范围。这使得索贝尔能够按照时间顺序追溯居里夫人的生活及其主要里程碑，并在每一章中介绍一个新的参与者。)”可知，这本传记中每一章将一种元素与一位科学家结合。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Even though it’s now more than 120 years since Curie became the first woman to be awarded a Nobel prize, she remains the most widely recognized female scientist. Sobel acknowledges this as a reason for writing another biography (尽管距居里夫人成为第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性已经过去了120多年，但她仍然是最被广泛认可的女科学家。索贝尔承认，这是她写另一本传记的原因)”可知，居里夫人的卓越成就促使索贝尔撰写这本传记。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“But in many of the book’s chapters, science dominates and the inner lives of these women remained unclear. The Canadian physicist Harriet Brooks stands out as an example of a life story left hanging. She quit Curie’s lab and later weakened Curie’s influence by publicly suggesting that Curie’s output had decreased without her husband Pierre. What motivated Brooks remains an open question. (但在这本书的许多章节中，科学占据主导地位，这些女性的内心生活仍不清楚。加拿大物理学家哈里特·布鲁克斯就是一个悬而未决的人生故事的例子。她退出了居里的实验室，后来又公开暗示居里的研究成果在没有丈夫皮埃尔的情况下有所下降，从而削弱了居里的影响力。布鲁克斯的动机是什么仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。)”可知，此处先提到这本传记的写作上存在重科学，轻女性科学家内心生活的特点，再提到哈里特·布鲁克斯的故事，表明其行事背后的动机仍然未知。由此可知，这里提到她的故事是为了说明传记的写作特点。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“One of the most touching passages comes right at the end. A list of “radioactivists” simply notes everyone’s birth and death dates, main achievements and cause of death - a distinct reminder that Curie and many other women paid the ultimate price for their radioactive research. (最感人的一段出现在结尾。一份“放射活动家”名单只是简单地记录了每个人的出生和死亡日期、主要成就以及死因——这清楚地提醒人们，居里夫人和其他许多女性为她们的放射性研究付出了生命的代价。)”可知，这一名单让读者知晓居里夫人和其他许多女性为放射性研究付出了巨大代价，为传记增添了情感深度。由此可知，名单起到了画龙点睛的作用。故选C项。 Passage 4 （山东省菏泽市2024-2025学年高三上期末英语试题）Toh Hong Keng is one of the oldest medical graduates in the world, if not the oldest. At the age of 70, the retired Malaysian manager got his degree from Southwestern University PHINMA． “My family and friends were surprised at first. Several of my friends thought I was crazy to want to study medicine at this age,” Toh said. “It wasn’t always easy. At 65 to 70 years old, my memory, eyesight, hearing and body are not as good as when I was younger.” After decades working as a tech seller, he retired in 2019. A few days later, he began studying and applying to medical schools around Asia. “The only reason why I decided to do so was that I wanted to do something useful,” he said. One of the obstacles Toh met was finding a university that would admit him, as most are just for applicants under 35 or 40. Once admitted to Southwestern University PHINMA, he dealt with the school closures due to the pandemic. He had to take all of his lectures online, which was not easy for him. “Studying medicine is hard. It’s just hard work,” Toh said. He wasn’t given special treatment. He was held back a year after failing an exam in his third year. And like the rest of his classmates, in his final year, Toh was required to complete a one-year placement (实习工作) at a hospital, with some shifts lasting up to 30 hours. That’s why his family and classmates often visited him, inspiring him to keep going. “I was initially surprised and curious about why he wanted to become a doctor at his age,” one of his classmates said. “Despite being older, Toh was no less of a student. He was really competitive, and a true inspiration. I’m proud to have graduated alongside such a remarkable individual.” 1．What’s the purpose of Toh’s studying medicine? A．To improve his work. B．To realize a lifelong dream. C．To benefit other people. D．To give his friends a surprise. 2．What was a challenge for Toh when studying medicine? A．Attending online lectures. B．Getting admitted to a famous college. C．Asking for special treatment. D．Finding a hospital for his placement. 3．What can we learn about Toh from his classmate’s words? A．Toh was as good a student as others. B．Toh was a big trouble for his classmates. C．Toh got a lot of help from his classmates. D．Toh often inspired his classmates to keep going. 4．What message does the text convey? A．Lifelong learning matters in modern society. B．Anyone can pursue their dreams at any age. C．Universities should be open to older applicants. D．Age is not a problem in becoming a tech seller. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Toh Hong Ken70岁还努力追求自己的医学梦想，讲述了他的求学经历以及他人对他的评价。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“The only reason why I decided to do so was that I wanted to do something useful(我决定这样做的唯一原因是我想做一些有用的事情)”可知，Toh学医的目的是造福他人。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Once admitted to Southwestern University PHINMA, he dealt with the school closures due to the pandemic. He had to take all of his lectures online, which was not easy for him.(一被西南大学PHINMA录取，他就处理了因疫情而关闭的学校。他必须在线上所有的课，这对他来说并不容易)”可知，Toh学医时遇到的挑战是参加网络讲座。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Despite being older, Toh was no less of a student. He was really competitive, and a true inspiration.(尽管年纪大了，Toh仍然是一个学生。他真的很有竞争力，而且是一个真正的激励)”可知，Toh和其他人一样是个好学生。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Toh Hong Keng is one of the oldest medical graduates in the world, if not the oldest. At the age of 70, the retired Malaysian manager got his degree from Southwestern University PHINMA.(Toh Hong Keng是世界上最年长的医学毕业生之一，如果不是最年长的话。这位退休的马来西亚经理在70岁时获得了西南大学PHINMA的学位)”结合文章主要讲述了Toh Hong Ken70岁还努力追求自己的医学梦想，讲述了他的求学经历以及他人对他的评价。可知，这篇文章想要表达任何人在任何年龄都可以追求自己的梦想。故选B。 主题01 人与社会——历史，社会与文化 Passage 1 （山东省聊城市多校2024-2025学年高三上学期期末诊断检测英语试题）Born into a farming family in Chongqing, Wang Minglong was always one of the shortest and skinniest kids in his class. At age 13, Wang was diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) (强直性脊柱炎) and was told he might spend the rest of his life in a wheelchair. However, after years of preparations, he became the first person in the world with the disease to scale the world’s tallest peak Mount Qomolangma, demonstrating the power of passion, courage and perseverance. Actually, within a few months of being diagnosed, Wang Minglong fell into a deep depression and became discouraged due to continuous pain and desperation, until he watched the movie Forrest Gump at school and was inspired. “I wanted to run like Gump and I wanted a fulfilling life as well,” he recalled. Motivated by the movie, Wang joined the school’s athletic team and started running every morning despite the pain. After four years, to his surprise, he grew much stronger and ran faster than most of his teammates. At the same time, he performed well in his study and became a computer science major at Chongqing University. But his disease never left him. In 2021, a medical check found that his spine was about to break. The doctor told him that one fall could make him a paraplegic (瘫痪病人), and suggested surgery. The surgery was a success. After some rest, he found himself much stronger and physically more prepared to realize his dream of scaling the highest mountain in the world. As his inflexible spine severely limits his head and upper body movements, his journey was more dangerous than for other climbers. “I was so close to death at least three times, I thought I might die up there (on the mountain), ” he said. “The disease and pain can only make me love the world a lot more,” he said. “I want to spread the passion for life to more people around me.” 1．What inspired Wang Minglong to scale the highest mountain in the world? A．The vision of living a fulfilling life. B．The determination to defeat his disease. C．The intention of encouraging young people. D．The preference for experiencing adventures. 2．What do we know about Wang Minglong? A．He has always been positive about his disease. B．His spine made the climbing more challenging. C．He joined a computer science club in university. D．He is the first man to scale the peak Mount Qomolangm. 3．Which of the following words can best describe Wang? A．Brave and intelligent. B．Ambitious and tolerant. C．Perseverant and optimistic. D．Strong-willed and patient. 4．What can we learn from this passage? A．Roses given, fragrance in hand. B．Action speaks louder than words. C．Two heads are better than one head. D．Where there is a will, there is a way. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了患有强直性脊柱炎的王明龙凭借坚定意志克服疾病和极端困难实现攀登世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰的目标的励志故事。 1．推理判断题。由第二段中“Actually, within a few months of being diagnosed, Wang Minglong fell into a deep depression and became discouraged due to continuous pain and desperation, until he watched the movie Forrest Gump at school and was inspired.(事实上，在确诊后的几个月内，王明龙就陷入了深深的抑郁，并因持续的痛苦和绝望而气馁，直到他在学校看了电影《阿甘正传》才受到启发。他回忆道：“我想像阿甘一样跑步，也想过充实的生活。”)”可知，王明龙因观看电影《阿甘正传》受到启发，渴望像阿甘一样奔跑并拥有充实的人生。因此，促使王明龙攀登世界最高峰的是“对充实生活的向往”。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。由最后一段中“As his inflexible spine severely limits his head and upper body movements, his journey was more dangerous than for other climbers.(由于他僵硬的脊椎严重限制了他的头部和上身运动，他的旅程比其他登山者更危险)”可知，王明龙的脊椎问题使攀登更具挑战性。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。由第二段中“Motivated by the movie, Wang joined the school’s athletic team and started running every morning despite the pain. (受这部电影的启发，王明龙加入了学校的运动队，尽管很痛苦，但每天早上都开始跑步)”，第三段中“The surgery was a success. After some rest, he found himself much stronger and physically more prepared to realize his dream of scaling the highest mountain in the world.(手术很成功。经过一段时间的休息，他发现自己变得更加强壮，身体也更加准备好实现攀登世界最高峰的梦想)”和最后一段中““The disease and pain can only make me love the world a lot more,” he said.(他说：“疾病和痛苦只会让我更加爱这个世界。”)”可知，王明龙在疾病折磨下坚持锻炼、手术后仍追求目标，且表示“疾病和痛苦让我更热爱世界”，体现了“坚持不懈和乐观”。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了患有强直性脊柱炎的王明龙凭借坚定意志克服疾病和极端困难实现攀登世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰的目标的励志故事，对应“有志者事竟成”。故选D项。 Passage 2 （山东省青岛市莱西市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题）For some days I just found the mail delivery in our street a little different. I opened my mailbox as usual. Nothing, but my neighbors’ mail. The man who delivered the mails must have made a mistake. What else could it have been? I was reaching out for my neighbor’s mailbox when a tall man ran out of my neighbor’s house, shouting about messing with his friend’s mail. He snatched (夺过) the mail from my hand, opened the mailbox and pointed to the mail inside. “What are you going to do with it?” Feeling my face burning, I shook my head, “No, believe me. I got this mail by mistake in my box today. I was just bringing it to them.” He gave me a funny look and went back into his house. I got the knock on the door the next morning by two very polite officers. The annoyed tall man had phoned the police and told them I was a crazy old woman going around mixing up everyone’s mail. Before I could finish telling them about what was going on, everyone, including the officers, the tall man and me, was surprised by what was happening outside. A dog approached my mailbox with mail in his mouth. He took out the mail that was in my box and put some letters in. Then, he pushed the door closed with his nose, picked up the new pile of mail he had gotten from my box, and repeated this all the way down the next street. We all started laughing. The dog had kept company with the postman, who had died last month. The dog had been trained to put mail in and take mail out of the boxes. After he was left alone, he was settled in a local animal shelter. When he got loose for some reason, he assumed his duties. I shared the whole story with the tall man. He said sorry to me and got touched by the dog story. He did, moreover, adopt the little guy. 1．Why did the tall man give the author a funny look? A．To relieve his embarrassment. B．To show his curiosity. C．To contain his annoyance. D．To cast his doubt. 2．How did the police officers discover the truth? A．By analyzing the case. B．By questioning the author. C．By witnessing the mix-up. D．By consulting the tall man. 3．What can be learned about the dog? A．He used to live a lonely life. B．He was well-trained and devoted. C．He took the place of the postman. D．He actively socialized with the neighbors. 4．What’s the best title for the story? A．A mail service B．Great duties C．Special delivery D．A dog’s tale 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】文章为一篇记叙文，主要围绕我和邻居的误会展开，讲述了由一只小狗引起的信件乌龙事件。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Feeling my face burning, I shook my head, “No, believe me. I got this mail by mistake in my box today. I was just bringing it to them.””（我觉得自己的脸在发烫，我摇了摇头，说：“不，相信我。今天我在信箱里误收到了这封邮件。我只是把它带给他们。”）及第四段前两句“I got the knock on the door the next morning by two very polite officers. The annoyed tall man had phoned the police and told them I was a crazy old woman going around mixing up everyone’s mail.”（第二天早上，两个非常有礼貌的警察敲了我家的门。那个生气的高个子男人打电话给警察，说我是个疯婆子。）可知，那位男子不相信作者的解释，选择了报警，故推知他向作者投来奇怪的眼神是因为怀疑作者的话。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Before I could finish telling them about what was going on, everyone, including the officers, the tall man and me, was surprised by what was happening outside. A dog approached my mailbox with mail in his mouth. He took out the mail that was in my box and put some letters in. Then, he pushed the door closed with his nose, picked up the new pile of mail he had gotten from my box, and repeated this all the way down the next street.”（我还没来得及告诉他们发生了什么事，每个人，包括警官、高个子男人和我，都对外面发生的事情感到惊讶。一只狗叼着信走近我的信箱。它拿出我信箱里的邮件，放了一些信进去。然后，用鼻子把门关上，捡起从我的盒子里拿出来的那堆新邮件，沿着下一条街一直重复着这个动作。）可知，警察在上门调查时撞见并亲眼目睹了那只狗取信件和放信件的全过程，由此发现了真相。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“The dog had kept company with the postman, who had died last month. The dog had been trained to put mail in and take mail out of the boxes. After he was left alone, he was settled in a local animal shelter. When he got loose for some reason, he assumed his duties.”（这只狗的主人是一个已经去世的邮递员。这只狗受过训练，能把邮件放进盒子里，又能把邮件取出来。在邮递员去世后，他被安置在当地的动物收容所。当它未被拴住的时候，它就会履行自己的职责。）可知，这只狗受过训练会取放信件。在邮递员去世后，它依旧履行职责，可见它是一只训练有素且忠诚的狗。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第四段“A dog approached my mailbox with mail in his mouth. He took out the mail that was in my box and put some letters in. Then, he pushed the door closed with his nose, picked up the new pile of mail he had gotten from my box, and repeated this all the way down the next street.”（一只狗叼着信走近我的信箱。他拿出我信箱里的邮件，放了一些信进去。然后，他用鼻子把门关上，捡起他从我的盒子里拿出来的那堆新邮件，沿着下一条街一直重复着这个动作。）并结合上下文内容可知，文章主要围绕我和邻居因为一封寄错的信件而产生的误会展开，讲述了一只受过训练的小狗投寄信件的故事。故选C项。 Passage 3 （山东省济宁市第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期2月定时检测（期末）英语试题）Frederick Phiri, at just 22, started to earn an international reputation for being able to make complex and elegant sculptures from scrap metal (金属废料) found in his community. Phiri’s father died when he was starting primary school. Then his mother abandoned him and he had to stay with his grandfather. His grandfather paid for his schooling through primary school but when he entered secondary school, he had to get various jobs to pay for his fees. Yet even in school, he was always drawing and making things in class. After graduating, he did what he could to support himself by making animal sculptures from wires and sold them to tourists. His work was so popular that it caught the eye of Karen Beattie, director of Project Luangwa, a nonprofit dedicated to education and economic development in central Africa. “I introduced him to a local welder (焊工),” Beattie told Newsweek. In 2017, Phiri worked with welder Moses Mbewe during the rainy season, helping to make a complex set of doors for Project Luangwa. The piece sparked an idea in Beattie’s mind “handed him a bunch of scrap metal and said, ‘Make something with this.’ And he did. It was wonderful.” Today, Phiri continues his art, using pieces of junk people bring him — keys, broken bike chains, old metal plugs and whatever scrap metal is lying around. He then turns the junk into abstract animals — elephants, cranes, giraffes, chameleons — and sells them at Project Luangwa headquarters. The community has recognized his talents. “My dream is to earn enough to study art at the Evelyn Hone College in Lusaka and be able to make a living from it,” Phiri said, “And then to make very large sculptures.” 1．What is Phiri known for? A．Serving his community. B．Collecting works of art. C．Being the king of Zambia. D．Turning trash into treasure. 2．What can we learn about Phiri from paragraph 2? A．He had an unhappy childhood. B．He paid for his primary school. C．He had to support his grandfather. D．He missed school to do part-time jobs. 3．How does Phiri feel about his future? A．Uncertain. B．Confident. C．Depressed. D．Satisfied. 4．What can be a suitable title for the passage? A．A Rough Road to Success B．The Junk Art King of Zambia C．A Young Man’s Wildest Dream D．The Modern Junk Works of Art 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了非洲赞比亚的废品艺术之王Frederick Phiri的人生事迹，激励读者为了自己的梦想而努力。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Frederick Phiri, at just 22, started to earn an international reputation for being able to make complex and elegant sculptures from scrap metal (金属废料) found in his community.( Frederick Phiri是赞比亚的垃圾艺术之王：在他22岁的时候，他就开始在国际上享有声誉，因为他能够用在他的社区里发现的废金属制作复杂而优雅的雕塑)”可知，他是以利用废弃金属制作精美艺术品而出名的。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Phiri’s father died when he was starting primary school. Then his mother abandoned him and he had to stay with his grandfather. His grandfather paid for his schooling through primary school but when he entered secondary school, he had to get various jobs to pay for his fees. Yet even in school, he was always drawing and making things in class.(哈里里的父亲在他开始上小学的时候就去世了。然后他的母亲抛弃了他，他不得不和他的祖父住在一起。他的祖父供他上小学，但当他上中学时，他不得不找各种工作来支付学费。然而，即使在学校，他总是在课堂上画画和做东西)”可知，小学时父亲去世，之后母亲遗弃了他，他只能和祖父生活在一起，中学后开始打工支付学费。由此推知，他的童年并不快乐。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段末句“The community has recognized his talents.(社区认可了他的才能)”以及末最后一段““My dream is to earn enough to study art at the Evelyn Hone College in Lusaka and be able to make a living from it,” Phiri said, “And then to make very large sculptures.”(“我的梦想是赚到足够的钱，在卢萨卡的伊夫林·霍恩学院学习艺术，并以此为生，”菲里说，“然后制作非常大的雕塑。”)”可推知，他的才能得到认可，他对未来充满信心。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Frederick Phiri, at just 22, started to earn an international reputation for being able to make complex and elegant sculptures from scrap metal (金属废料) found in his community.( Frederick Phiri是赞比亚的垃圾艺术之王：在他22岁的时候，他就开始在国际上享有声誉，因为他能够用在他的社区里发现的废金属制作复杂而优雅的雕塑)”结合文章主要围绕Frederick Phiri这位赞比亚的废品艺术之王做介绍，描述了他的生平和艺术才能，以及当下他对未来的展望。由此可知，选项B“赞比亚的垃圾艺术之王”贴合主题，概括了主旨大意，可作最佳标题。故选B项。 Passage 4 （山东省济南市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末学习质量检测英语试题）A rising star from Virginia has secured the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” for his groundbreaking creation — a bar of soap designed to battle against skin cancer. At just 14 years old, Heman Bekele emerged as the victor of the 2023 Young Scientist Challenge, standing out among the ten finalists with his innovative creation known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap (SCTS). Bekele’s brilliant concept centers on the development of a soap that is not only affordable, but also has the potential to reactivate the body’s natural defenders of the skin to stop skin cancer. In Bekele’s own words, “Curing cancer, one bar of soap at a time. ”He always has endless passion for biology and technology, and the Young Scientist Challenge just provided him with the perfect platform to display his ideas. Reflecting on his inspiration, Bekele shared that his childhood played a significant role in shaping his innovative thinking. Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun, he couldn’t help but wonder how many were aware of the risks associated with constant sun exposure. “I wanted to make my idea not only scientifically exceptional but also accessible to a broad audience,” Bekele expressed during an interview with the media. He received invaluable guidance from Deborah Isabelle, a product engineering specialist, who connected him with other scientists to aid him in reaching his ambitious plans. During his presentation, Bekele passionately expressed his vision of turning the soap into “a symbol of hope, accessibility, and a world where skin cancer treatment is within reach for all.” Over the coming five years, Bekele longs to perfect his invention and establish a nonprofit organization devoted to distributing his innovative creation to more places including undeveloped communities, offering hope and a practical solution in the fight against skin cancer. 1．What made Bekele an instant hit? A．Starting a soap fashion. B．Overcoming skin cancer. C．Being the youngest scientist. D．Creating a soap against skin cancer. 2．What inspired Bekele to invent SCTS? A．His concern for others. B．His adventure in childhood. C．His enthusiasm for technology. D．His interest in medical knowledge. 3．What will Bekele do in the near future? A．Obtain official approval. B．Visit undeveloped areas. C．Increase the availability of the soap. D．Update the facilities of production. 4．Which of the following can best describe Bekele? A．Inspiring and modest. B．Humorous and positive. C．Creative and considerate. D．Curious and independent. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位14岁来自弗吉尼亚州的年轻科学家Heman Bekele，他通过创造一种抗击皮肤癌的肥皂获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A rising star from Virginia has secured the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” for his groundbreaking creation — a bar of soap designed to battle against skin cancer. (美国维吉尼亚州一颗冉冉升起的新星获得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号，因为他的开创性发明——一种可以对抗皮肤癌的肥皂)”可知，Heman Bekele发明了一种对抗皮肤癌的肥皂，一炮而红。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“ Reflecting on his inspiration, Bekele shared that his childhood played a significant role in shaping his innovative thinking. Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun, he couldn’t help but wonder how many were aware of the risks associated with constant sun exposure.(在反思他的灵感时，Bekele分享了他的童年在塑造他的创新思维方面发挥了重要作用。目睹人们在阳光下不知疲倦地工作，他不禁想知道有多少人意识到持续暴露在阳光下的风险)”可知，Bekele对别人的关心激发了他发明SCTS。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“During his presentation, Bekele passionately expressed his vision of turning the soap into “a symbol of hope, accessibility, and a world where skin cancer treatment is within reach for all.”(在他的演讲中，Bekele热情地表达了他的愿景，即把这种肥皂变成“希望、可及性的象征，以及一个人人都能接受皮肤癌治疗的世界。”)”以及最后一段“Over the coming five years, Bekele longs to perfect his invention and establish a nonprofit organization devoted to distributing his innovative creation to more places including undeveloped communities, offering hope and a practical solution in the fight against skin cancer.( 在接下来的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，致力于将他的创新发明分发到更多的地方，包括不发达的社区，为抗击皮肤癌提供希望和实用的解决方案)”可知，Bekele希望建立一个非营利组织，将他的创新产品分发到更多地方，包括欠发达社区，为对抗皮肤癌提供希望和实际解决方案，即增加肥皂的可获得性。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“A rising star from Virginia has secured the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” for his groundbreaking creation — a bar of soap designed to battle against skin cancer. (美国维吉尼亚州一颗冉冉升起的新星获得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号，因为他的开创性发明——一种可以对抗皮肤癌的肥皂)”以及最后一段“Over the coming five years, Bekele longs to perfect his invention and establish a nonprofit organization devoted to distributing his innovative creation to more places including undeveloped communities, offering hope and a practical solution in the fight against skin cancer.( 在接下来的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，致力于将他的创新发明分发到更多的地方，包括不发达的社区，为抗击皮肤癌提供希望和实用的解决方案)”可知，文章介绍了一位14岁来自弗吉尼亚州的年轻科学家Heman Bekele，他通过创造一种抗击皮肤癌的肥皂获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。未来五年里，Bekele希望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，将这种创新产品分发到更多地方，包括欠发达社区，为对抗皮肤癌提供希望和实际解决方案。由此推知，他一个有创造力和体贴的人。故选C。 主题02 人与自然 Passage 1 （江苏省泰州市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题）With a father who is a chemist and a mother who is a biologist it seemed natural for Kelydra to learn how the world worked by doing science experiments. Kelydra was 15 when the breaking news came that a chemical called C8 in her town’s water supply might cause cancer. Kelydra wondered what she could do to help. Like any good scientist, she started by researching the problem. What exactly was C8? She found out that C8, also known as APFO, is a chemical with a chain of eight carbon atoms. This chemical has shown up not only in drinking water but also in the bodies of people and animals. How much of this chemical was in the water supply? In fact, nobody even knew of an inexpensive, reliable test that could measure the amount of APFO in water. So Kelydra decided to invent one. Kelydra learned that when you shake water contaminated with high amounts of APFO, the water gets foamy (起泡沫的) . The more APFO in the water, the more foam there will be. In this way she could calculate the level of pollutants of the original river water sample. But she wanted to know more than that. So she started working on a way to remove APFO from the water. She finally succeeded by using a device, consisting of a dry cell battery and two electrodes (电极) . Kelydra dipped the electrodes in the water. Then, in a specific process, one of the electrodes became an electrically charged tool that attracted the APFO in the water. Kelydra could then remove the electrode, wash it off, and put it back in the water to draw out more of the chemical. Kelydra then added another ingredient to the water: activated carbon which looks like grains of black sand and is used in water filters. The carbon filtered (过滤) out even more of the APFO. Kelydra repeated the electrosorption and carbon-filtering process until the water was completely free of APFO — and safe to drink. 1．What inspired Kelydra to solve the problem? A．Her extensive knowledge in chemistry. B．Her deep concern for the locals’ health. C．Her great passion for doing experiments. D．Her firm desire to follow her parents’ path. 2．What does the underlined word “contaminated” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Cleaned. B．Polluted. C．Heated. D．Identified. 3．Why did Kelydra add activated carbon to the water? A．To purify the water. B．To remove the foam. C．To filter the carbon. D．To charge the electrodes. 4．Which of the following best describes Kelydra? A．Curious and adventurous. B．Confident and cheerful. C．Conservative and courageous. D．Innovative and committed. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了15岁女孩Kelydra发明了一种方法，可以去除水中有害化学物质C8。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Kelydra was 15 when the breaking news came that a chemical called C8 in her town’s water supply might cause cancer. Kelydra wondered what she could do to help.(Kelydra 15岁时，一则爆炸性新闻传开：她镇上供水系统中一种叫做C8的化学物质可能会导致癌症。Kelydra想知道她能做些什么来帮忙)”可推测出，Kelydra非常关心当地人的健康，所以才想要解决C8的问题。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“a chemical called C8 in her town’s water supply might cause cancer(一种叫做C8的化学物质可能会导致癌症)”和第二段中的“C8, also known as APFO(C8，也被称为APFO)”可知，C8就是APFO，这是一种化学物质，可能会导致癌症，再结合画线词所在句中的“you shake water contaminated with high amounts of APFO”可推测出，这里指的是被大量APFO污染的水，contaminate意为“污染”，与pollute意思一致。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Kelydra then added another ingredient to the water: activated carbon which looks like grains of black sand and is used in water filters. The carbon filtered (过滤) out even more of the APFO.(Kelydra随后在水中添加了另一种成分：活性炭，它看起来像黑沙粒，用于水过滤器。碳过滤掉了更多的APFO)”可知，活性炭用于水过滤器，它过滤掉了更多的APFO。由此可推测出，Kelydra添加活性炭是为了净化水质。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“So Kelydra decided to invent one.(所以Kelydra决定发明一个)”并结合下文Kelydra发明了净化水质的方法可知，Kelydra富有创造性。根据第二至最后一段内容可知，Kelydra通过科学研究，了解了C8的情况，并决定发明一种方法来测试水中APFO的数量，然后找方法来去除水中的APFO，由此可推测出，Kelydra是一个做事坚定的人。故选D。 Passage 2 （山东省滨州市2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题） “Thank you for your email. I have left to pursue my dream of crocheting sweaters for penguins in Antarctica and no longer work for the School of Economics. I will be out of office on a permanent, indefinite, open-ended basis until my penguin friends are happy.” A Chinese student studying in the UK said her tutor, who quit education to knit sweaters for penguins in Antarctica, has been generating buzz online. The charitable act of knitting sweaters for penguins is, in fact, a real initiative. A major oil spill occurred in the waters off the Phillip Island in Australia in the late 1990s, severely affecting local penguins who saw their population shrink over two breeding seasons. When little penguins become oiled, they will try to preen and clean the toxic oil from their feathers, and swallowing it can kill them. It also damages their delicate feathers, which exposes their skin to extreme temperatures and they are left cold, heavy and unable to swim or hunt for food. In response, the Penguin Foundation and Phillip Island Nature Parks launched a public welfare campaign, calling on enthusiasts worldwide to knit sweaters for the freezing penguins during the process of rehabilitation. In 2001, another major oil spill occurred in the waters near Phillip Island, with a total of 438 penguins. affected. 96%were successfully rescued and released back into the wild with the help of the Penguin Foundation and these sweaters. However, some people argue that the sweaters could potentially add extra weight to the penguins’ bodies, or cause them to overheat. The Penguin Foundation explained that the sweaters are used temporarily to keep penguins warm before their bodies are washed and feathers recover. Sweaters for penguins must be crafted from wool and follow specific knitting guidelines. Numerous sweaters that have failed to meet the standards have been repurposed for toy penguins. By selling toy penguins wearing these sweaters, the Penguin Foundation raises fund for the wildlife on Phillip Island. 1．What is the direct impact of the oil spill on penguins? A．They are unable to prey. B．Their feathers are spoiled. C．They are left to extreme cold. D．They have trouble in swallowing. 2．Why are the numbers listed in Paragraph 5? A．To show the severity of the oil spill. B．To illustrate the achievement of the campaign. C．To explain the serious conditions of the penguins. D．To add some background information of the oil spill 3．What can we learn about the sweaters from the last paragraph? A．Many of them go to waste. B．They are highly impractical. C．Their production is demanding. D．They solved the problems for good. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．An initiative generates buzz on the Internet. B．A major oil spill took place on Phillip Island. C．A tutor quits to knit sweaters for penguins in Antarctica. D．The Penguin Foundation asked for more penguin sweaters. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位导师为了帮助被石油泄漏伤害的企鹅，辞职去为企鹅织毛衣。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“When little penguins become oiled, they will try to preen and clean the toxic oil from their feathers, and swallowing it can kill them. It also damages their delicate feathers, which exposes their skin to extreme temperatures and they are left cold, heavy and unable to swim or hunt for food.(当小企鹅被石油污染时，它们会试图梳理羽毛，清理羽毛上的有毒石油，吞咽有毒石油可能会杀死它们。它还会损害它们脆弱的羽毛，使它们的皮肤暴露在极端温度下，它们会变得又冷又重，无法游泳或觅食)”可知，石油泄漏对企鹅的直接影响是导致它们的羽毛被破坏了。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第五段“In 2001, another major oil spill occurred in the waters near Phillip Island, with a total of 438 penguin’s. affected. 96%were successfully rescued and released back into the wild with the help of the Penguin Foundation and these sweaters.(2001年，菲利普岛附近海域发生了另一起重大石油泄漏事件，共有438只企鹅遇难。受到影响。在企鹅基金会和这些毛衣的帮助下，96%的企鹅成功获救并被放归野外)”可知，第5段列出了这些数字是为了说明运动的成就。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sweaters for penguins must be crafted from wool and follow specific knitting guidelines. Numerous sweaters that have failed to meet the standards have been repurposed for toy penguins. By selling toy penguins wearing these sweaters, the Penguin Foundation raises fund for the wildlife on Phillip Island.(企鹅的毛衣必须用羊毛制作，并遵循特定的编织指南。许多不符合标准的毛衣被用来制作玩具企鹅。通过出售穿着这些毛衣的玩具企鹅，企鹅基金会为菲利普岛的野生动物筹集了资金)”可知，这种毛衣的生产要求很高。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据第二段“A Chinese student studying in the UK said her tutor, who quit education to knit sweaters for penguins in Antarctica, has been generating buzz online. The charitable act of knitting sweaters for penguins is, in fact, a real initiative.(一名在英国留学的中国学生表示，她的导师在网上引起了热议。她的导师中途辞职，去南极洲为企鹅织毛衣。事实上，为企鹅织毛衣的慈善行为是一项真正的倡议)”结合文章主要讲述了一位导师为了帮助被石油泄漏伤害的企鹅，辞职去为企鹅织毛衣。可知，这篇文章的主旨是一位导师辞职去给南极洲的企鹅织毛衣。故选C。 Passage 3 （山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题B卷）David and Alicia Tschirhart adored their Yellow Lab, Marley, but they never knew just how much, until that day back in 2014 when they were hiking with him in hills near their San Diego home. “Alicia went off the path to grab a walking stick to help through the path,” David recalled. “And Marley all of a sudden darted (猛冲) from me and he started clawing the ground where Alicia was reaching for a walking stick. And I didn’t know what was happening. Alicia kind of fell back. When I looked more closely, I saw that it was a rattlesnake,” he told journalist Tracy Smith. Rattlesnakes are common on these trails, which are very steep and miles from any hospital. And the Tschirharts didn’t have cellphones with them. For Alicia, who was four months pregnant, a snake bite could have been a disaster. Thankfully, 12-year-old Marley scared the snake away, and a few months later, the Tschirharts’ first daughter Maddie was born. But by then, Marley had been diagnosed with cancer, and by Thanksgiving weekend 2014, it was clear the end was near. And their love for Marley was so strong that they couldn’t really let it go. So, the Tschirharts turned to ViaGen Pets, of Austin, Texas, a company that has cloned hundreds of pets for a multitude of grateful owners. For as much as $50,000, the company will culture the cells, create embryos, implant them in a surrogate (代孕母亲), and deliver a clone of your loved one. Marley’s clone, Ziggy, an energetic yellow ball. But to David and Alicia, he’s nothing less than Marley reborn. “He is exactly the twin of Marley,” said David. “So, he’s in, I guess, the same environment. So really, he’s become the same dog.” And while pet cloning is still debatable, it can mean, for some at least, that with the right amount of love, science and money, you never really need to say goodbye. 1．Why did Marley suddenly behave that way during the hike? A．It wanted to have some fun. B．It wasn’t normal sometimes. C．It detected danger for its owner. D．It found a better stick for its owner. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly show? A．The couple just have one daughter now. B．The couple were very grateful to the dog. C．The couple don’t like using a cellphone. D．The couple were very careless sometimes. 3．What did the couple decide to do near Marley’s death? A．Save it no matter how hard it is. B．Find its surrogate for them to meet. C．Let it die without suffering any pain. D．Clone a dog through new technology. 4．What is the couple’s attitude towards Ziggy? A．They find it very satisfying to them. B．They consider it a totally new dog. C．They are quite concerned about it. D．They don’t think it’s as good as Marley. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一对夫妇通过通过新技术克隆爱狗的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“And Marley all of a sudden darted (猛冲) from me and he started clawing the ground where Alicia was reaching for a walking stick. And I didn’t know what was happening. Alicia kind of fell back. When I looked more closely, I saw that it was a rattlesnake,”（马利突然从我身边跑开，在艾丽西娅伸手去拿拐杖的地方抓地。我不知道发生了什么。艾丽西娅有点退缩了。当我更仔细地看时，我发现那是一条响尾蛇）可知，马利突然的行为是因为它为主人察觉到了危险。故选C项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“For Alicia, who was four months pregnant, a snake bite could have been a disaster. Thankfully, 12-year-old Marley scared the snake away, and a few months later, the Tschirharts’ first daughter Maddie was born.”（对于已经怀孕四个月的艾丽西娅来说，被蛇咬伤可能是一场灾难。谢天谢地，12岁的马利把蛇吓跑了，几个月后，奇尔哈特家的第一个女儿玛蒂出生了。）可知，第三段主要展示了这对夫妇非常感激这只狗。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“So, the Tschirharts turned to ViaGen Pets, of Austin, Texas, a company that has cloned hundreds of pets for a multitude of grateful owners.”（于是，奇尔哈特一家求助于德克萨斯州奥斯汀市的ViaGen宠物公司，这家公司已经克隆了数百只宠物，许多宠物主人对此表示感激。）可知，这对夫妇在马利死前决定通过新技术克隆狗。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据上文大卫和艾丽西娅对于马利的爱和最后一段“Marley’s clone, Ziggy, an energetic yellow ball. But to David and Alicia, he’s nothing less than Marley reborn.”（马利的克隆体，Ziggy，一个精力充沛的黄球。但对大卫和艾丽西娅来说，他就是马利的重生。）可知，他们对克隆的Ziggy很满意。故选A项。 Passage 4 （山东省淄博市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末摸底质量检测英语试题）My first dependant was a duck called Mr. Kite. As a cream-faced four-year-old, it was my job at the nursery to turn the eggs in the incubator (恒温箱) every day: one side “O”, the other side “X”. We lived in a small, inner-city house with a long, thin garden in east Oxford at the time. As a gentle-hearted vet's (兽医的) daughter, my mum couldn't resist adopting these ducks. I named them Buttercup, Mr. Kite and Drakey. We made them a pond. The bottom was a mosaic (马赛克) made from all the bits of plate and cup that had been broken during family rows. Within 30 seconds,the pond was so full of duck droppings that we never saw the mosaic again. One of the most magical moments during my caring for ducks was the night it snowed. Mum, over whelmed by pity and grandmotherly concern, insisted that Mr. Kite and her friends — yes, Mr. Kite was female — be spared another freezing night in the wooden house my dad had built for them at the end of the garden; we caught them, flapping and shouting, and brought them in to sleep in the kitchen.Have you ever seen three ducks go wild in a tiny kitchen? It was one of the best moments of my childhood. It smelled like the underside of hell's socks by the time they had left. I used to spend my summers lazing in a swimming pool with Mr. Kite and the others. Eventually, though, our neighbour complained that they were being woken at 4:45 a.m.. So, the feathered three went to live with an old couple in the country. Fair enough — you don't move to the city to have the dawn torn apart by quacking  — although it must have made a change from student parties and the sound of 19-year-olds being sick by the bins. I wonder now if this early experience of duck adoption is the reason that, at least three times a week, what ever the weather, you will find me swimming in the Thames or a nearby lake with the ducks. Although they never say hello. 1．Why were there marks of “O” and “X” on eggs? A．To have fun. B．To count the eggs. C．To tell sides apart. D．To distinguish males from females. 2．What was the initial reason for duck adoption? A．Family preference. B．A nursery assignment. C．The mother's occupation. D．Neighbour' support. 3．What does paragraph 3 imply? A．The ducks' smells drove the author mad. B．The energetic ducks brought much pleasure. C．The ducks were hard to feed in cold weather. D．The ducks were offered luxury accommodation. 4．What was the author's response to the neighbor' complaints? A．Rejecting firmly. B．Ignoring deliberately. C．Explaining patiently. D．Accepting unwillingly. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者小时候曾收养了三只小鸭子，它们给作者带来了很多乐趣，虽然最后不得已被送到了乡下，但是它们留给作者很多回忆。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“As a cream-faced four-year-old, it was my job at the nursery to turn the eggs in the incubator(恒温箱)every day: one side “O”, the other side “X”.（作为一个面如奶油色的四岁孩子，我在繁育房的工作是每天在孵化器里翻转鸡蛋：一边是“O”，另一边是“X”。）”可知，鸡蛋上的“O”和“X”标记是为了区别鸡蛋的两头，以便作者翻转。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“As a gentle-hearted vets(兽医的)daughter,my mum couldn't resist adopting these ducks.（作为一个心地善良的兽医的女儿，我妈妈忍不住收养了这些鸭子。）”可知，最初收养鸭子的原因是作者家里人的偏爱。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“One of the most magical moments during my caring for ducks was the night it snowed. …Have you ever seen three ducks go wild in a tiny kitchen? It was one of the best moments of my childhood. It smelled like the underside of hell's socks by the time they had left.（在我照顾鸭子的过程中，最神奇的时刻之一是下雪的那个晚上。……你见过三只鸭子在一个小厨房里发狂吗?那是我童年最美好的时刻之一。它们离开的时候，那闻起来就像地狱袜子的底部。）”可知，这些活泼的小鸭子给作者带来了很多乐趣。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“Eventually, though, our neighbour complained that they were being woken at 4:45a.m.. So, the feathered three went to live with an old couple in the country.（最后，我们的邻居抱怨说他们在凌晨4点45分就被叫醒了。于是，长羽毛的三只去乡下和一对老夫妇住在一起。）”可知，作者虽然很喜欢小鸭，可还是不打扰到邻居，将它们送到了乡下。对于邻居的抱怨，作者是不情愿地接受了。故选D项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $