专题01 语法填空（期末真题汇编，上海专用）高一英语上学期

专题01 语法填空 主题01 人与社会——社会服务与人际交往 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·上海市进才中学·期末） The Transformative Power of Solo Travel Solo travel, considered by many as the ultimate form of self-discovery, has gained immense popularity among young adults in recent years. Unlike group tours 1 everything is arranged, traveling alone pushes individuals out of their comfort zones, forcing them to confront unexpected challenges. Statistics show that the number of solo travelers under 30 2 (increase) by 150% since 2015. What drives this trend? Psychologists suggest that young people, growing up in an increasingly digital world, 3 (pursue) authentic experiences that social media cannot provide. When you're alone in a foreign country with no one 4 (rely) on, every decision — from navigating public transportation 5 ordering food in a local dialect — becomes a lesson in independence. However, solo travel isn't without risks. Seasoned travelers recommend 6 (research) local customs thoroughly beforehand. In certain Middle Eastern countries, for instance, women traveling alone are expected to dress modestly to avoid unwanted attention. Failure 7 (respect) cultural norms may lead to serious consequences. Ultimately, those 8 have experienced solo travel often describe it as life-changing. The challenges overcome and perspectives gained tend to have 9 profound impact that no classroom education can match. As travel writer Pico Lyer once remarked, “We travel initially to lose ourselves; we travel next to find ourselves.” Perhaps this explains 10 more young people are choosing to embark on journeys alone, seeking not just destinations, but transformations. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·上海市曹杨第二中学·期末） Ancestry Travel Everyone loves a holiday! A little time off for some much- 1 (need) R&R(rest and relaxation)can be exactly the thing to re-energize and refresh. That said, if you’re struggling to think of your next destination then look no further. Don’t waste time 2 (debate). Let your blood decide. Everybody has a lineage(血统). Recently, finding out more 3 our family origins has become popular. By the start of 2019, 26 million people 4 (take) an ancestry DNA test at home, according to a report by MIT Technology Review. They believe by 2021 this number will have risen to 100 million. This trend 5 (notice) by opportunistic travel operators. Some are looking to provide a service that both allows people to trace their heritage—by literally going back to their roots—and travel to the destinations 6 their ancestors originated. Recently, Airbnb, an online lodging market place, has partnered with 23andMe, a DNA testing and analysis company, 7 (offer) recommendations that encourage travellers to walk in the footsteps of their forefathers. And they aren’t the only ones. The Shelbourne hotel in Dublin has its own “genealogy butler(家谱管家)”. Hellen Kelly offers consultations to help guests trace their Irish line of descent(后代)using official records, 8 allows them to “fill in the blanks of their Irish ancestry”, she told Good Morning America. The Conte Club, a luxury travel company, offers custom itineraries(行程)based on DNA tests. “These experiences are about exploring deeper into 9 we really are,” says Conte Club CEO Rebecca Fielding in an article in the Condé Nast Traveler. “It might be the most meaningful trip we can take.” So next time you think of going on vacation, why not take a DNA test first? 10 you know how far your family has come, take the time to holiday back. Passage 3 （24-25学年高一上·上海市奉贤中学·期末） Finding safe places to interact “Why are young people staying away from their relatives?” Recently, this question 1 (cause) a heated discussion online. In fact, young people are not “giving up” their blood ties, but turning their focus to online socializing. According to a report 2 was released by a social app in May, about 60 percent of young people have no more than two close friends. For them, social apps have become the main way 3 (make) their circle bigger. Many people believe 4 this change partly comes from the need for a lot of moves in modern times. Long-distance migration (移居) is now common across the country. Because of moving with their families, young people are unable to keep in touch with their relatives, and they become 5 (active) online. Moreover, online socializing 6 (favor) by many people because it provides a more personal feeling. For those 7 are uneasy with real-life socializing, doing it online allows them to escape from “embarrassing” social scenes. With different social apps. making friends can be satisfied in a comfortable way. “As a shy person, I prefer non-face-to-face talks on social apps 8 I don’t have to worry about the things that make me unconfident,” said 18-year-old Wu Ruilin from Ya’an, Sichuan province. Through apps like Soul, Bilibili, and Zhihu, young people 9 find someone with similar interests. “have some close friends in music and programming circles. 10 (communicate) with them online always offers me a more relaxing atmosphere to explore these interests,” said Wu. 主题02 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·上海市同济大学第一附属中学·期末） A New Way to Learn Languages Nowadays, the Internet is changing the way people learn languages. There is still no way to avoid the hard work through vocabulary lists and grammar rules, but since the birth of the Internet, books, tapes and even CDs 1 (replace) by email, video chat and social networks. Livemocha, a Seattle-based company, has created a website helping people learn more than 38 languages by exchanging messages over the Internet and then 2 (correct) each other’s messages. The lessons, 3 form they are in, are delivered online. The CEO of Livemocha says the website’s advantage is the context 4 you may practice speaking with a real person. “The great irony is that 5 you have learned a foreign language in the classroom for years, you are not confident 6 (go) into a restaurant, striking up a conversation,” he said. The casual connections with real people throughout the world are not just fun and surprising but reveal more about 7 the language is really used. Livemocha is now experimenting with many ways that resemble (像) the games 8 (find) on other social websites to motivate people. Besides, each person can set up a profile that includes a short self-description and what language he or she would like to learn. Therefore, if you want to learn one language, you will easily find many people fluent in this language. And it becomes 9 (challenging) to find a study partner. An email or two is all it takes. There are more and more companies like Livemocha offering online language learning to students throughout the world. 10 _______ merely helping people practice different languages, they also enable people to share interests and make new friends Passage 2 （24-25高一上·上海市复旦大学附属中学·期末） Pushing past her limits At 11:31 am on July 18, I reached the summit of Mount Muztagh Ata in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region. Standing at 7,546 meters at the age of 18, I earned the title of National Mountaineering Athlete. As I stood there, tears unexpectedly streamed down my face. Our team consisted of 17 people, including seven coaches. We started the climb at 3 am, making our way up in freezing temperatures. With the shortage of oxygen, every step was a struggle-my head throbbed (阵痛) with pain and my stomach churned (翻腾). I felt 1 I was on the verge of fainting. 2 a lack of appetite, I forced myself to eat something. My feet were swollen, and I could hardly feel 3 . After nearly three hours of struggle, the sun began to rise from behind the mountain, casting a warm glow on the snow. For a moment, I felt 4 (renew). I tried to take out my snow goggles, but I was too weak, and my coach had to help me. Feeling exhausted, I told my coach I wanted to slow down, but he noticed my nose was freezing and my lips were stiff. He warned me that if I didn’t keep moving, the cold 5 cause me to get sick, making it impossible to reach the summit. I immediately regained my focus and pushed myself to move 6 (fast). I was the last team member 7 (reach) the top, and though my teammates cheered me on, I was too tired to respond. The view was beautiful, but I was so exhausted that I couldn’t even appreciate it. My mind went numb, and every step during the final stretch seemed like a battle. But finally, I reached the peak. I sat down on a rock, dizzy and crying. Crying at that moment wasn’t just about the physical pain. It was a release of all the emotions I 8 (bottle up). It was a mix of exhaustion, awe for nature, and a sense of connection with the mountain. I was also proud of myself for making it to the top. When I returned to the busy city, surrounded by the noise of cars and crowds, I found myself missing the quiet world of the mountains. I missed the cold, damp sleeping bags, the faint nausea from the lack of food, and the stars and moon 9 (hang) over us in the early hours. It was only in that stillness 10 I truly appreciated the beauty of the mountains. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·上海市格致中学·期末） I may be too old, but here goes! This summer, I quit my job and resolved to rent out my flat and go travelling in South East Asia for a year. You might think I’m lucky, but I’m 30 years old, and I’m nervous. It’s not that I 1 (not do) the travelling thing before. After university, I spent two years backpacking around North and South America, and when I returned, I was determined to do it again someday. But you know how it is... I fell in love, started a career, bought a flat and got used to earning a salary. But I gradually realized I had been sacrificing my own sense of worth for my salary. When I handed in that letter of resignation, it felt 2 3 I’d taken charge of my life again. I now have no ties. Many of my friends are now married with children and, while they wouldn’t exchange places with me, they envy me my lack of responsibilities. I’m no longer in a relationship, and I have no burning career ambitions. I feel almost obliged 4 (make) the most of that freedom — if only for my friends’ sake! Why am I so nervous? In the first place, it’s a question of making the necessary arrangements. How could I bear having someone else live in my home? And how would I go about organizing the letting? And apart from anything else, I had to decide on the place 5 I want to go first. I’m a shocking procrastinator (拖延者), and am already several weeks behind my 6 (intend) schedule. “Might as well enjoy the summer in England,” I told myself. Then,“Why not hang around for the start of the football season?” Cutting off emotional ties 7 (make) it even more difficult. I’m putting it off because, deep down, I wonder if I can still cope with backpacking. Will I be able to readjust to a more basic way of life? Will I feel out of place among a community of backpackers fresh out of school and university? Perhaps not. I’ve discovered it’s increasingly common for Britons in 8 late twenties and thirties to want to get themselves away from the lives they’ve made for themselves and head off to foreign countries. 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·上海市宜川中学·期末） Using renewables seems to cut carbon more than nuclear. Nations that embraced renewable forms of energy have significantly cut their carbon emissions, but 1 pursuing nuclear power have failed to do so, researchers have found. Nuclear and renewables are seen as two key ways for governments to decarbonize(去碳), but the question of  whether one is more effective for dealing with climate change 2 (not address) fully. With several countries on the brink of deciding whether 3 (back) new nuclear power plants to meet their carbon targets, the answer to this question matters To find out, Benjamin Sovacool at the University of Sussex and his colleagues looked at carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and GDP over 25 years. They found that in 117 countries that had been using renewables, CO2 emissions per capita(人均地)dropped from 0.69 tonnes(公吨)on average between 1990 and 2004 to 0.61 tonnes between 2000 and 2014 and 4 these latter figures included a further six countries. During the same periods, however, the 30 countries that had been using nuclear power largely stayed flat, shifting from an average 0.52 tonnes of Co2 emissions per capita to 0.51. The two groups of countries overlap because some fall into both. Renewables included wind, solar, hydroelectric, and biomass energy. “If you’re focusing on 5 we can do to reduce emissions in the next 15 years, 6 (pursue) renewables instead of nuclear,” says Sovacool. The reason 7 the results is not clear — the analysis found a connection, not a causation—but Sovacool has ideas. Nuclear power is restricted due to agreements 8 (limit) the spread of nuclear weapons 9 material from reactors (核反应堆) can be used to make bombs. Renewables are not, enabling more countries to learn from one another, such as Germany benefiting from Chinese economies of scale on solar. Other reasons for this 10 be that renewables are cheaper and quicker to build and more socially acceptable, says Sovacool. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·上海市复旦大学附属中学·期末） Tuvalu plans for its own disappearance Is a country still a country if it sinks? For over three decades the Pacific island country of Tuvalu has begged industrialized countries 1 (cut) their greenhouse-gas emissions. For over three decades global temperatures have ticked up. Tuvalu’s government warns that its territory could slip underwater by the end of the century. “It’s a matter of disappearing from the surface of this Earth,” Kausea Natano, the prime minister, said in September. So Tuvalu is now asking a different question: 2 can it continue existing if that happens? Mr Natano’s government 3 (correct) the constitution to assert that the country will exist “forever” even if its landmass does not. The new wording, which came into effect on October 1st, will not on its own change very much.   4 international law, a country must have a physical territory and permanent population. But no one has considered 5 happens if climate change removes a state of those qualities, says Bal Kama, a lawyer who advised the government on its constitutional changes. Tuvalu hopes that if other vulnerable countries follow its lead, international law could change. The government talks about turning Tuvalu into a “digital nation” that could provide services and preserve cultural traditions online even if its people were dispersed to other countries. It considers 6 (create) a 3D version of its islands that web users could wander around. All these plans raise more questions than answers. The government is especially keen to make explicit that it would expect to retain its claim on the waters 7 (surround) present-day Tuvalu. Combine the “exclusive economic zones” (EEZs) that stretch 200 nautical miles (370km) from their coasts, and Pacific island countries have rights 8 (fish) and mine an area of ocean bigger than Africa (see map). Leaders fear that they will lose those rights - and a tuna industry worth billions - if any or all of the islands 9 make up their territories disappear. So Tuvalu’s constitutional change states that its maritime boundaries would endure with its statehood. The government wants neighbors to accept that its EEZ will exist forever. Other Pacific governments have also mapped their maritime zones and passed laws asserting that rising sea levels will not affect their EEZs. It is not yet certain that Tuvalu will go under. But its government 10 (ready) the rafts. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·上海市华东政法大学附属松江高级中学·期末） In Canada you can find dogs, cats, horses etc. in almost every family. These are their pets. People love these pets and have them as their good friends. 1 they keep them in their houses, they take them to animal hospitals to give them injections (注射) so that they won’t carry disease afterwards. They have special animal food stores, 2 they can get animal food in almost every kind of store. Some people spend around two hundred Canadian dollars a month on animal food. 3 you visit people’s houses, they would be very glad to show you their pets and they are very proud of them. You will also find that almost every family has a bird feeder in their garden. All kinds of birds are welcomed to come and have a good meal. They are free to come and go and nobody 4 (allow) to kill any animal in Canada. They have a law 5 killing wild animals. If you killed an animal, you would be punished. If an animal happened to get run over by car, people would be very sad about it. People in Canada have many reasons to like animals. One of them might be: Their family ties are not as close as 6 . When children grow up, they leave their parents and start their own life. Then the old will feel lonely. But pets can solve this problem. They can be good friends and never leave them alone. 主题01 人与社会——社会文化、科学技术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·上海市复旦大学附属中学·期末） Art Builds Understanding At the just completed Designing for Empathy Summit, social scientists and museum leaders gathered to discuss how museums can build empathy and contribute to developing understanding and meaning-making. Despite the long history of scholarship on experiences of art, researchers have yet to capture and understand   1 (meaningful) aspects of such experiences, including the thoughts and insights gained when we visit a museum, the sense of encounter after seeing a meaningful work of art, or the changed thinking after experiences with art. These powerful encounters 2 be inspiring, uplifting, and contribute to well-being and flourishing. The theory of aesthetic cognitivism describes the value of art through its role in facilitating a better understanding of 3 , others, and the world. The question is how that happens–what are the attributes of meaningful experiences of art? 4 the mirror model of art developed by Pablo P. L. Tinio, aesthetic reception corresponds to artistic creation in a mirror-reversed fashion. Artists aim to express ideas and messages about the human condition or the world at large. To do so, they explore key ideas and continually expand, adapt, and fine-tune them as they develop the work, resulting in the build-up of layers of materials — 5 initial studies and sketches to the final, 6 (refine) piece. A viewer’s initial interaction with an artwork starts 7 the artist has left off. Their interaction first involves processing surface features, such as color, texture, and the 8 (finish) touches applied by the artist during the final stages of the creative process. After spending more time with the work, the viewer begins to gain insight and access the ideas of the artist. Correspondence in feeling and thinking suggests a transfer — between creator and viewer — of ideas, concepts, and emotions contained in the works of art. Art has the potential 9 (communicate) across space and time and create connections and insights 10 otherwise would not happen. What it takes for this to happen is active engagement with art in contexts that facilitate this engagement, especially museums. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·上海市上海交通大学附属中学期末） Winning Doesn’t Equal Success John Wooden was a celebrated basketball coach, who led his team to 10 championships over the course of 12 years. The team’s seven-year winning record still 1 (remain) unbroken. Wooden also received numerous coaching awards throughout his career. Do all those wins equal success? Wooden would be the first to say 2 don’t. In a TED talk, titled “The difference between winning and success,” Wooden offered his take on 3 it means to succeed. Wooden noted that Webster’s dictionary defines success as “the amassing of material possessions or the fulfilment of a position of power.” This didn’t work for him. Wooden said that success was peace of mind 4 (get) only through self-satisfaction in knowing you made the effort to do the best of which you’re capable. Simply, if you have tried your best, then you have succeeded regardless of the outcomes. This attitude 5 (see) in Wooden’s coaching. He believed that his players were students first and athletes second. More than creating a winning team, he wanted to create individuals 6 would succeed off the court. He had three rules for his players: never be late, be neat and clean, and never criticize a teammate. If someone showed up late, Wooden would not let them 7 (play) even if they were the best on the team. He believed in building character, which would impact his players long 8 they stopped playing basketball. Wooden also came up with a “pyramid of success.” 9 cornerstones at the base were industriousness and enthusiasm, and at the top, faith and patience. These were marks of success for Wooden, and winning 10 them meant that you hadn’t actually succeeded. 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·上海市育才中学·期末） The TERM “killjoy parents” has been trending on Chinese social media platforms as many young people complain that their parents would rather criticize than praise them for their accomplishments. One poster, for example, remarked that his parents said his high score in math wasn't good enough 1 several other students had scored higher. 2 complained that, after 3 (accept) into a “second-tier” university, the response he got for his father was “Congratulations. You got admitted to a garbage university.” It’s a terrible feeling to have someone “burst your bubble” when you think they should be sharing your joy. And your parents, after all, are probably the people with 4 you most want to share the best moments in your life. But why do some parents seem to be so hard 5 (please)? I think a lot of it has to do with Chinese society. Parents know that life 6 be full of hardship and difficulties, and they want their children to be “hardened” to these realities. Another reason can probably be found deep in Chinese culture. When I asked a Chinese friend why Chinese parents don’t praise their children, he said it’s because they don't want to bring their children bad luck. He told me the story of two women sitting in a park and watching their children play. One of the mothers said to the other, “Your boy is so handsome and healthy.” That other mother replied, “No, he’s very ugly and he’s a very sickly child.” The mother, my friend explained, didn't want her son praised in case the “gods” heard and punished him. It's an old superstition (迷信), but it does have some basis in fact. American parents, at the other extreme, are taught to ever criticize their children because it may hurt their feelings—their self-esteem. Instead, they 7 (tell) to always praise their children, even for failure. Psychologists now believe this is a bad idea. According to one study, too much praise can result in negative effects. 8 kids with low self-esteem felt even worse about themselves, kids with high self-esteem became narcissistic or self-centered. Moreover, children who got too much praise were 9 (likely) to take risks, were unable to deal with failure and tended to give up when faced with challenges. Stacey and Toby aren’t the only people to be welcoming Mariella’s app. It’s now got thousands of users, and she’s working long days to balance it with her A-level studies. The time difference from New York to her school in Rugby, Warwickshire, means she sets her alarm for 5am. 10 (have) “killjoy parents” may not be enjoyable, but it’s important to recognize that their seemingly critical nature doesn't negate the love they have for you. In their hearts, they genuinely share in your joy. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·上海市上海市嘉定区·期末） Seeing Blue Blue-light-blocking glasses are supposed protect eyes from blue light from our smartphones and computer screens. 1 we spend much time on them, it sounds smart to buy a pair of blue-light-blocking glasses, right? After all, eye problems 2 lead to poor sleep and even worse diseases. The glasses cost 3 $15 to several hundred dollars. But do they work? Elizabeth Esparaz, an ophthalmologist (眼科专家), says the reasons which glass companies 4 (share) can be confusing. In fact, blue light is not always bad. “The sun gives off more blue light than smart phones or computers, and it’s actually beneficial,” says Dr. Esparaz. 5 helps our mood and sleep-wake cycle. The problem is blue light at night: It can harmfully change our work-and-rest cycle and stop us from falling asleep. So, wearing blue-light-blocking glasses should help people 6 watch movies in bed or read from a tablet at night to avoid sleeplessness. A 2021 review study, in 7 24 past studies were looked at, found that people 8 (affect) by sleep disorders, jet lag and night work fell asleep faster after using these glasses. As for eye problems, a 2018 review study by in Australia found few evidence that blue-light-blocking glasses prevent eye-related diseases. “These glasses aren’t going to be harmful,” says Dr. Esparaz. But, she adds, there’s no way to know if one pair is better than another. A 9 (reliable) solution: Turn on the blue-light-filtering (过滤) function on your devices and limit screen time before bed. To help with eye problems, Dr. Esparaz suggests 10 (take) breaks and using relaxing eye drops. 主题03 人与自然——自然探索与生态环保 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·上海市长宁区·期末） Color my world Once there was a girl named Rose. Rose always felt blue because she lived in a dull, gray village 1 life was black and white. She longed for adventure, 2 her life was as plain as a brown paper bag. One day while walking down the street, she saw Eric, a former classmate, in 3 red car, and he caught her eye. He looked very happy. He stopped and said, “Hop in, let’s paint the town red!” Rose was a little hesitant, but Eric’s infectious (有感染力的) spirit and the sight of the car’s shiny red outer 4 (excite) her. They drove off into the sunset and found 5 in a city that was lively and full of color. The buildings 6 (paint) in all shades of the rainbow. The streets were alive with people 7 (dress) in colorful clothing. As they drove through the city, Rose saw a rainbow in the sky, and she felt as if she were on cloud nine. Eric took her to a party, and she danced 8 she was red in the face. When the party was over, Eric drove Rose home. But it wasn’t until she was walking to her door that she came up with a great idea. She realized that she needed to stop 9 (chase) rainbows and add some color to her gray existence. She decided to live her life in full color. The next day, Rose took a walk in the village. She noticed that the trees were green, and the flowers bloomed in many colors. She realized that her village was not as dull as she had thought. Rose noticed a shop 10 sold paint. She purchased some and painted her house 11 (bright) color she could find. She was very happy 12 the result. Her neighbors were amazed at the transformation and decided to paint their houses bright colors, 13 . Before long, the whole village was painted in bright colors, and it seemed that a rainbow 14 (fall) upon it. It was a red-letter day for everyone! Rose realized that looking at things in a different light had made all the difference. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·上海市松江区·期末） How to Water Plants All plants need water. The watering of plants plays a major role in helping plants grow healthily. It seems simple but actually requires many considerations. Let’s take a close look at the water plants need first. Plants 1 grow in places with low rainfall require more water. And plants 2 ability to adjust themselves to dry conditions is strong can live with less watering. When it comes to tools, a garden pipe (管子) long enough to reach the furthest part of the garden 3 (prefer). This ensures enough water is provided for the plants and helps to make watering much 4 (easy). An inexperienced gardener may water a little each time but several times a day. This is undesirable 5 it does not help roots to grow deep. Besides, we’d better avoid watering in full sun 6 the leaves won’t lose water quickly from the surface. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 语法填空 主题01 人与社会——社会服务与人际交往 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·上海市进才中学·期末） The Transformative Power of Solo Travel Solo travel, considered by many as the ultimate form of self-discovery, has gained immense popularity among young adults in recent years. Unlike group tours 1 everything is arranged, traveling alone pushes individuals out of their comfort zones, forcing them to confront unexpected challenges. Statistics show that the number of solo travelers under 30 2 (increase) by 150% since 2015. What drives this trend? Psychologists suggest that young people, growing up in an increasingly digital world, 3 (pursue) authentic experiences that social media cannot provide. When you're alone in a foreign country with no one 4 (rely) on, every decision — from navigating public transportation 5 ordering food in a local dialect — becomes a lesson in independence. However, solo travel isn't without risks. Seasoned travelers recommend 6 (research) local customs thoroughly beforehand. In certain Middle Eastern countries, for instance, women traveling alone are expected to dress modestly to avoid unwanted attention. Failure 7 (respect) cultural norms may lead to serious consequences. Ultimately, those 8 have experienced solo travel often describe it as life-changing. The challenges overcome and perspectives gained tend to have 9 profound impact that no classroom education can match. As travel writer Pico Lyer once remarked, “We travel initially to lose ourselves; we travel next to find ourselves.” Perhaps this explains 10 more young people are choosing to embark on journeys alone, seeking not just destinations, but transformations. 【答案】 1．where 2．has increased 3．pursue 4．to rely 5．to 6．researching 7．to respect 8．who 9．a 10．why 【来源】上2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨了独自旅行的变革力量，指出其近年来在年轻人中广受欢迎的原因、面临的挑战以及带来的深远影响。 1．考查定语从句。句意：与一切都安排妥当的团体旅游不同，独自旅行将个人推出舒适区，迫使他们面对意想不到的挑战。此处为定语从句，先行词为group tours，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：数据显示，自2015年以来，30岁以下的独自旅行者数量增加了150%。根据时间状语“since 2015”可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语为the number of solo travelers，助动词用has。故填has increased。 3．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：心理学家认为，在日益数字化的世界中成长的年轻人，正在追求社交媒体无法提供的真实体验。根据语境可知，此处描述的是目前正在发生的事情，应用现在进行时，主语为young people，谓语动词用复数形式。故填pursue。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：当你独自一人在异国他乡，无人可依靠时，从乘坐公共交通工具到用当地方言点餐，每一个决定都成为独立的教训。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，rely on与no one构成逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。故填to rely。 5．考查介词。句意：当你独自一人在异国他乡，无人可依靠时，从乘坐公共交通工具到用当地方言点餐，每一个决定都成为独立的教训。此处为固定短语from...to...，意为“从……到……”。故填to。 6．考查动名词。句意：经验丰富的旅行者建议事先彻底研究当地习俗。recommend doing sth.为固定短语，意为“建议做某事”，因此用research的动名词形式作宾语。故填researching。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：不尊重文化规范可能会导致严重后果。failure to do sth.为固定短语，意为“未能做某事”，因此用respect的不定式形式作定语。故填to respect。 8．考查定语从句。句意：最终，那些有过独自旅行经历的人常常将其描述为改变人生的经历。此处为定语从句，先行词为those，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 9．考查冠词。句意：克服的挑战和获得的见解往往会产生深远的影响，这是课堂教育无法比拟的。此处为固定短语have a profound impact，意为“产生深远影响”。故填a。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：也许这解释了为什么越来越多的年轻人选择独自踏上旅程，寻求的不仅仅是目的地，还有转变。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，应用why引导。故填why。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·上海市曹杨第二中学·期末） Ancestry Travel Everyone loves a holiday! A little time off for some much- 1 (need) R&R(rest and relaxation)can be exactly the thing to re-energize and refresh. That said, if you’re struggling to think of your next destination then look no further. Don’t waste time 2 (debate). Let your blood decide. Everybody has a lineage(血统). Recently, finding out more 3 our family origins has become popular. By the start of 2019, 26 million people 4 (take) an ancestry DNA test at home, according to a report by MIT Technology Review. They believe by 2021 this number will have risen to 100 million. This trend 5 (notice) by opportunistic travel operators. Some are looking to provide a service that both allows people to trace their heritage—by literally going back to their roots—and travel to the destinations 6 their ancestors originated. Recently, Airbnb, an online lodging market place, has partnered with 23andMe, a DNA testing and analysis company, 7 (offer) recommendations that encourage travellers to walk in the footsteps of their forefathers. And they aren’t the only ones. The Shelbourne hotel in Dublin has its own “genealogy butler(家谱管家)”. Hellen Kelly offers consultations to help guests trace their Irish line of descent(后代)using official records, 8 allows them to “fill in the blanks of their Irish ancestry”, she told Good Morning America. The Conte Club, a luxury travel company, offers custom itineraries(行程)based on DNA tests. “These experiences are about exploring deeper into 9 we really are,” says Conte Club CEO Rebecca Fielding in an article in the Condé Nast Traveler. “It might be the most meaningful trip we can take.” So next time you think of going on vacation, why not take a DNA test first? 10 you know how far your family has come, take the time to holiday back. 【答案】 1．needed 2．debating 3．about 4．had taken 5．has been noticed 6．where 7．to offer 8．which 9．who 10．Once 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“寻根游”这一新的旅游趋势。 1．考查形容词。句意：抽出一点时间，进行一些急需的R&R（休息和放松），正是让人重新振作和恢复精神的事情。动词need和后文名词之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词转化的形容词needed和much构成合成词修饰名词 R&R(rest and relaxation)。故填needed。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：不要浪费时间辩论。waste time (in) doing sth“浪费时间做某事”为固定句式，动名词作宾语。故填debating。 3．考查介词。句意：最近，了解更多关于我们的家庭出身信息变得很流行。根据句意可知，空处应用介词about“关于”和后文构成介词短语。故填about。 4．考查时态。句意：根据《麻省理工技术评论》的一份报告，截至2019年初，已有2600万人在家进行了祖先DNA测试。根据时间状语By the start of 2019可知，空处应用过去完成时，表示在过去某时间之前发生的事情。故填had taken。 5．考查时态和语态。句意：这一趋势已被机会主义的旅游运营商所注意到。动词notice与主语之间是被动关系，根据上下文句意可知，空处应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响。主语是单数，主谓一致，故填has been noticed。 6．考查定语从句。句意：有些人正在寻求提供一种服务，既可以让人们追溯他们的遗产——通过真正回到他们的根——又可以去他们祖先起源的目的地旅行。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是destinations，是地点名词，定语从句their ancestors originated中缺少地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句，作地点状语。故填where。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，一家在线住宿市场Airbnb与一家DNA测试和分析公司23andMe合作，为旅行者提供建议，鼓励他们追随祖先的足迹。根据句意可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to offer。 8．考查定语从句。句意：Hellen Kelly在接受《早安美国》采访时表示，她提供咨询服务，帮助客人利用官方记录追踪他们的爱尔兰血统，让他们“填补爱尔兰血统的空白”。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是逗号前面整句话，指代事物，用关系代词which引导从句，作主语。故填which。 9．考查名词性从句。句意：这些经历是为了更深入地探索我们到底是谁。根据句意可知，空处应用连接词who引导宾语从句，在从句中作表语，指人。故填who。 10．考查连词。句意：一旦你知道你的家人已经迁徙了多远，就花时间回去度假。you know how far your family has come是后文take the time to holiday back的条件，应用连词once引导条件状语从句。符合句意。句首字母大写，故填Once。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一上·上海市奉贤中学·期末） Finding safe places to interact “Why are young people staying away from their relatives?” Recently, this question 1 (cause) a heated discussion online. In fact, young people are not “giving up” their blood ties, but turning their focus to online socializing. According to a report 2 was released by a social app in May, about 60 percent of young people have no more than two close friends. For them, social apps have become the main way 3 (make) their circle bigger. Many people believe 4 this change partly comes from the need for a lot of moves in modern times. Long-distance migration (移居) is now common across the country. Because of moving with their families, young people are unable to keep in touch with their relatives, and they become 5 (active) online. Moreover, online socializing 6 (favor) by many people because it provides a more personal feeling. For those 7 are uneasy with real-life socializing, doing it online allows them to escape from “embarrassing” social scenes. With different social apps. making friends can be satisfied in a comfortable way. “As a shy person, I prefer non-face-to-face talks on social apps 8 I don’t have to worry about the things that make me unconfident,” said 18-year-old Wu Ruilin from Ya’an, Sichuan province. Through apps like Soul, Bilibili, and Zhihu, young people 9 find someone with similar interests. “have some close friends in music and programming circles. 10 (communicate) with them online always offers me a more relaxing atmosphere to explore these interests,” said Wu. 【答案】 1．has caused 2．that/which 3．to make 4．that 5．less active 6．is favored 7．who 8．where 9．can 10．Communicating 【来源】2023-2024学年高一上学期期末调研考试英语试卷 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在的年轻人喜欢在网上进行社交的原因。 1．考查动词时态。句意：最近，这个问题在网上引起了热烈的讨论。根据时间状语Recently可知，本句时态用现在完成时，主语this question是第三人称单数，助动词用has，故填 has caused。 2．考查定语从句。句意：根据5月份一款社交应用发布的一份报告，约60%的年轻人只有两个以上的亲密朋友。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a report，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which，故填 that/which。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：对他们来说，社交应用已经成为使他们的圈子变大的主要方式。本句谓语为have become，此处应用非谓语动词，故用动词make“使得”的不定式形式作定语，修饰名词way，the way to do sth.“做某事的方式”。故填to make。 4．考查宾语从句。句意：许多人认为，这种变化在一定程度上是现代社会人们需要搬家的需要造成的。分析句子结构可知，本空引导宾语从句，从句中不缺成分或含义，因此用that引导，故填that。 5．考查形容词比较级。句意：由于和家人一起搬家，年轻人无法与亲戚保持联系，他们在网上变得不太活跃。根据“young people are unable to keep in touch with their relatives”可知，此处是指他们在网上变得不太活跃，应用形容词active“活跃的”比较级less active“不太活跃”，故填less active。 6．考查动词语态。句意：此外，网络社交因为给人一种更私人的感觉，受到许多人的青睐。此处是陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是online socializing，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，主语和动词favor“喜爱”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is favored。 7．考查定语从句。句意：对于那些对现实社交感到不安的人来说，网上社交可以让他们逃离“尴尬”的社交场景。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是those，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 8．考查定语从句。句意：“作为一个害羞的人，我更喜欢在社交软件上进行非面对面的交谈，这样就不用担心那些让我不自信的事情，”来自四川雅安的18岁的吴瑞林说。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是social apps，指物，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 9．考查情态动词。句意：通过Soul、Bilibili、Zhihu等应用，年轻人可以找到兴趣相投的人。根据“find someone with similar interests”可知，此处是指年轻人可以找到兴趣相投的人，应用情态动词can表示“可以”，故填 can。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：和他们在网上交流总是给我一个更轻松的氛围来探索这些兴趣。此处应用communicate“交流”的动名词形式，作主语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Communicating。 主题02 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·上海市同济大学第一附属中学·期末） A New Way to Learn Languages Nowadays, the Internet is changing the way people learn languages. There is still no way to avoid the hard work through vocabulary lists and grammar rules, but since the birth of the Internet, books, tapes and even CDs 1 (replace) by email, video chat and social networks. Livemocha, a Seattle-based company, has created a website helping people learn more than 38 languages by exchanging messages over the Internet and then 2 (correct) each other’s messages. The lessons, 3 form they are in, are delivered online. The CEO of Livemocha says the website’s advantage is the context 4 you may practice speaking with a real person. “The great irony is that 5 you have learned a foreign language in the classroom for years, you are not confident 6 (go) into a restaurant, striking up a conversation,” he said. The casual connections with real people throughout the world are not just fun and surprising but reveal more about 7 the language is really used. Livemocha is now experimenting with many ways that resemble (像) the games 8 (find) on other social websites to motivate people. Besides, each person can set up a profile that includes a short self-description and what language he or she would like to learn. Therefore, if you want to learn one language, you will easily find many people fluent in this language. And it becomes 9 (challenging) to find a study partner. An email or two is all it takes. There are more and more companies like Livemocha offering online language learning to students throughout the world. 10 _______ merely helping people practice different languages, they also enable people to share interests and make new friends 【答案】 1．have been replaced 2．correcting 3．whatever 4．where 5．even if/even though 6．to go 7．how 8．found 9．less challenging 10．Instead of 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍以 Livemocha 为代表的在线语言学习平台，通过互动交流、情境实践和社交功能，革新传统学习模式并拓展人际连接。 1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：词汇表和语法规则仍然是无法避免的，但自从互联网诞生以来，书籍、磁带甚至CD都被电子邮件、视频聊天和社交网络所取代。根据“since the birth of the Internet”可知，此处要用现在完成时，且 books, tapes and even CDs 与 replace 之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态 have been + 过去分词，replace 的过去分词是 replaced。故填have been replaced。 2．考查动名词。句意：总部位于西雅图的Livemocha公司创建了一个网站，通过在互联网上交换信息，然后互相纠正信息，帮助人们学习超过38种语言。by 是介词，后接动名词作宾语，所以用correcting。故填correcting。 3．考查让步状语从句。句意：无论是何种形式的课程，都是在线授课。分析句子可知，此处引导让步状语从句，表示“无论它们是什么形式”，用whatever修饰form。故填whatever。 4．考查定语从句。句意：Livemocha的首席执行官表示，该网站的优势在于，你可以在其中练习与真人交谈。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是the context，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 5．考查让步状语从句。句意：他说：“最具讽刺意味的是，即使你在教室里学了多年外语，你也没有信心走进一家餐馆，开始与人交谈。”根据句意可知，表示“即使你在教室里学了多年外语”，引导让步状语从句，用even if 或 even though。故填even if/even though。 6．考查固定短语。句意：他说：“最具讽刺意味的是，即使你在教室里学了多年外语，你也没有信心走进一家餐馆，开始与人交谈。”be confident to do sth. 为固定短语，表示“有信心做某事”，所以用to go。故填to go。 7．考查宾语从句。句意：与世界各地真实的人的随意联系不仅有趣和令人惊讶，而且还揭示了语言的真实使用方式。about 是介词，后接宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“语言是如何被真正使用的”，用连接副词how引导。故填how。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：Livemocha现在正在尝试许多类似于其他社交网站上的游戏的方法来激励人们。定语从句中已有谓语动词resemble，此处是非谓语动词，games与 find 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词 found，表示“在其他社交网站上被找到的游戏”。故填found。 9．考查形容词比较级。句意：寻找学习伙伴也变得不那么困难了。根据下文“An email or two is all it takes.”推知，找到学习伙伴变得不那么具有挑战性了，用 less challenging。故填less challenging。 10．考查固定短语。句意：它们不仅帮助人们练习不同的语言，还使人们能够分享兴趣和结交新朋友。根据语境可知，此处为固定短语Instead of“代替，而不是”，满足句意要求。故填Instead of。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·上海市复旦大学附属中学·期末） Pushing past her limits At 11:31 am on July 18, I reached the summit of Mount Muztagh Ata in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region. Standing at 7,546 meters at the age of 18, I earned the title of National Mountaineering Athlete. As I stood there, tears unexpectedly streamed down my face. Our team consisted of 17 people, including seven coaches. We started the climb at 3 am, making our way up in freezing temperatures. With the shortage of oxygen, every step was a struggle-my head throbbed (阵痛) with pain and my stomach churned (翻腾). I felt 1 I was on the verge of fainting. 2 a lack of appetite, I forced myself to eat something. My feet were swollen, and I could hardly feel 3 . After nearly three hours of struggle, the sun began to rise from behind the mountain, casting a warm glow on the snow. For a moment, I felt 4 (renew). I tried to take out my snow goggles, but I was too weak, and my coach had to help me. Feeling exhausted, I told my coach I wanted to slow down, but he noticed my nose was freezing and my lips were stiff. He warned me that if I didn’t keep moving, the cold 5 cause me to get sick, making it impossible to reach the summit. I immediately regained my focus and pushed myself to move 6 (fast). I was the last team member 7 (reach) the top, and though my teammates cheered me on, I was too tired to respond. The view was beautiful, but I was so exhausted that I couldn’t even appreciate it. My mind went numb, and every step during the final stretch seemed like a battle. But finally, I reached the peak. I sat down on a rock, dizzy and crying. Crying at that moment wasn’t just about the physical pain. It was a release of all the emotions I 8 (bottle up). It was a mix of exhaustion, awe for nature, and a sense of connection with the mountain. I was also proud of myself for making it to the top. When I returned to the busy city, surrounded by the noise of cars and crowds, I found myself missing the quiet world of the mountains. I missed the cold, damp sleeping bags, the faint nausea from the lack of food, and the stars and moon 9 (hang) over us in the early hours. It was only in that stillness 10 I truly appreciated the beauty of the mountains. 【答案】 1．as if /as though 2．Despite 3．them 4．renewed 5．would 6．faster 7．to reach 8．had bottled up 9．hanging 10．that 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者18岁时成功登顶慕士塔格峰的经历及感悟。 1．考查从属连词。句意：我感到好像快要晕倒了。根据空前“I felt”和空后“I was on the verge of fainting.”可知，此处需用从属连词as if/as though“好像”，引导表语从句。故填as if/as though。 2．考查介词。句意：尽管没有食欲，我还是强迫自己吃了点东西。根据空后“a lack of appetite, I forced myself to eat something.”可知，此处表示尽管没有食欲，还是强迫自己吃了点东西，所以空处需用介词despite“尽管”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Despite。 3．考查代词。句意：我的脚肿了，几乎感觉不到它们了。根据空前“My feet were swollen, and I could hardly feel”可知，此处指感觉不到脚了，所以空处需用代词them指代前文的feet。故填them。 4．考查形容词。句意：有那么一刻，我感到精神焕发。根据空前“I felt”可知，空处需用形容词作表语，renew的形容词为renewed“精神焕发的”。故填renewed。 5．考查时态。句意：他警告我，如果我不继续前进，寒冷会使我虚弱，使我无法到达山顶。根据空前“He warned me that if I didn’t keep moving,”可知，空处需用过去将来时，表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，其结构为would+do。故填would。 6．考查比较级。句意：我立刻重新集中注意力，催促自己走得更快。根据空前“I immediately regained my focus and pushed myself to move”可知，此处表示催促自己走得更快，所以空处需用副词fast的比较级faster。故填faster。 7．考查动词不定式。句意：我是最后一个到达山顶的队员，虽然队友们为我欢呼，但我太累了，无法回应。根据空前“I was the last team member”可知，空处需用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词member，表示最后一个到达山顶的队员。故填to reach。 8．考查时态。句意：那一刻的哭泣不仅仅是因为身体上的疼痛。这是我释放所有压抑情绪的一种方式。空处需用谓语动词，bottle up“抑制，压抑”，动作发生在主句谓语动词was之前，所以空处谓语动词需用过去完成时态：had done。故填had bottled up。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：我想念寒冷的、潮湿的睡袋，想念因为没有食物而感到的轻微恶心，想念凌晨时分挂在我们头顶的星星和月亮。空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词stars and moon，动词hang“悬挂”和名词stars and moon之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词hanging作后置定语。故填hanging。 10．考查强调句型。句意：只有在那种寂静中，我才真正欣赏到山的美。此处去掉“It was”和空处，句子结构完整，所以空处需用that，构成强调句型：It was+被强调部分+that+句子剩余部分。此处强调状语 only in that stillness，故填that。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·上海市格致中学·期末） I may be too old, but here goes! This summer, I quit my job and resolved to rent out my flat and go travelling in South East Asia for a year. You might think I’m lucky, but I’m 30 years old, and I’m nervous. It’s not that I 1 (not do) the travelling thing before. After university, I spent two years backpacking around North and South America, and when I returned, I was determined to do it again someday. But you know how it is... I fell in love, started a career, bought a flat and got used to earning a salary. But I gradually realized I had been sacrificing my own sense of worth for my salary. When I handed in that letter of resignation, it felt 2 3 I’d taken charge of my life again. I now have no ties. Many of my friends are now married with children and, while they wouldn’t exchange places with me, they envy me my lack of responsibilities. I’m no longer in a relationship, and I have no burning career ambitions. I feel almost obliged 4 (make) the most of that freedom — if only for my friends’ sake! Why am I so nervous? In the first place, it’s a question of making the necessary arrangements. How could I bear having someone else live in my home? And how would I go about organizing the letting? And apart from anything else, I had to decide on the place 5 I want to go first. I’m a shocking procrastinator (拖延者), and am already several weeks behind my 6 (intend) schedule. “Might as well enjoy the summer in England,” I told myself. Then,“Why not hang around for the start of the football season?” Cutting off emotional ties 7 (make) it even more difficult. I’m putting it off because, deep down, I wonder if I can still cope with backpacking. Will I be able to readjust to a more basic way of life? Will I feel out of place among a community of backpackers fresh out of school and university? Perhaps not. I’ve discovered it’s increasingly common for Britons in 8 late twenties and thirties to want to get themselves away from the lives they’ve made for themselves and head off to foreign countries. 【答案】1．haven’t done 2．as 3．if/though 4．to make 5．where 6．intended 7．makes 8．their 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位30岁的人辞职后准备去东南亚旅行的心路历程。 1．考查时态。句意：并不是我以前没做过旅行这件事。do“做”。根据It’s和before可知，do这一动作开始于过去，对现在有所影响，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语是I，所以助动词用have。故填haven’t done。 2．考查表语从句。句意：当我递交那封辞职信时，我感觉自己好像又重新掌控了自己的生活。本空引导方式状语从句，表示“仿佛，好像”，用as if/though引导。故填as。 3．考查表语从句。句意：当我递交那封辞职信时，我感觉自己好像又重新掌控了自己的生活。本空引导方式状语从句，表示“仿佛，好像”，用as if/though引导。故填if/though。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：我几乎觉得有义务充分利用这种自由——哪怕只是为了我的朋友们！make the most of“充分利用”。本句谓语为feel，此处为非谓语动词，feel obliged to do sth.意为“觉得有义务做某事”，此处应用make的不定式。故填to make。 5．考查定语从句。句意：除此之外，我还得先决定我要先去哪个地方。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是place，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 6．考查形容词。句意：我是个可怕的拖延者，已经比我预定的计划落后了好几周。本空修饰名词schedule，用形容词intended“计划中的，预期的”，作定语。故填intended。 7．考查动词时态。句意：切断情感联系会使事情变得更加困难。本空为句子谓语，此处陈述一般事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语为一个动名词短语Cutting off emotional ties，谓语用make“使得”的第三人称单数makes。故填makes。 8．考查代词。句意：我发现，对于20多岁和30多岁的英国人来说，想要逃离自己为自己创造的生活，前往国外的现象越来越普遍。in one’s twenties“二十多岁”。本空作定语，修饰late twenties and thirties，用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·上海市宜川中学·期末） Using renewables seems to cut carbon more than nuclear. Nations that embraced renewable forms of energy have significantly cut their carbon emissions, but 1 pursuing nuclear power have failed to do so, researchers have found. Nuclear and renewables are seen as two key ways for governments to decarbonize(去碳), but the question of  whether one is more effective for dealing with climate change 2 (not address) fully. With several countries on the brink of deciding whether 3 (back) new nuclear power plants to meet their carbon targets, the answer to this question matters To find out, Benjamin Sovacool at the University of Sussex and his colleagues looked at carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and GDP over 25 years. They found that in 117 countries that had been using renewables, CO2 emissions per capita(人均地)dropped from 0.69 tonnes(公吨)on average between 1990 and 2004 to 0.61 tonnes between 2000 and 2014 and 4 these latter figures included a further six countries. During the same periods, however, the 30 countries that had been using nuclear power largely stayed flat, shifting from an average 0.52 tonnes of Co2 emissions per capita to 0.51. The two groups of countries overlap because some fall into both. Renewables included wind, solar, hydroelectric, and biomass energy. “If you’re focusing on 5 we can do to reduce emissions in the next 15 years, 6 (pursue) renewables instead of nuclear,” says Sovacool. The reason 7 the results is not clear — the analysis found a connection, not a causation—but Sovacool has ideas. Nuclear power is restricted due to agreements 8 (limit) the spread of nuclear weapons 9 material from reactors (核反应堆) can be used to make bombs. Renewables are not, enabling more countries to learn from one another, such as Germany benefiting from Chinese economies of scale on solar. Other reasons for this 10 be that renewables are cheaper and quicker to build and more socially acceptable, says Sovacool. 【答案】 1．those 2．hasn’t been addressed 3．to back 4．that 5．what 6．pursue 7．of 8．limiting 9．because/as 10．could/may 【导语】这是一篇说明文。使用可再生能源似乎比使用核能更能减少碳排放。研究人员发现，采用可再生能源的国家已经显著减少了碳排放，但那些追求核能的国家却没有做到这一点。 1．考查代词。句意：研究人员发现，采用可再生能源的国家已经显著减少了碳排放，但那些追求核能的国家却没有做到这一点。此处指“那些国家”应用代词those。故填those。 2．考查时态语态。句意：核能和可再生能源被视为政府实现脱碳的两大关键途径，但其中一种方式是否对应对气候变化更有效的问题尚未得到充分解决。分析句子结构可知，“whether one is more effective for dealing with climate change”为宾语从句，空格在主句中作谓语，主语与谓语构成被动关系，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响应用现在完成时的被动语态，为否定陈述句，助动词用has。故填hasn’t been addressed。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着几个国家即将决定是否支持新的核电站以达到他们的碳排放目标，这个问题的答案很重要。此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，故填to back。 4．考查宾语从句。句意：他们发现，在117个使用可再生能源的国家中，人均二氧化碳排放量从1990年至2004年的平均0.69吨下降到2000年至2014年的0.61吨，而后者还包括另外6个国家。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that引导。故填that。 5．考查宾语从句。句意：Sovacool说：“如果你关注我们在未来15年能做些什么来减少排放，那就追求可再生能源，而不是核能。”空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物应用what。故填what。 6．考查祈使句。句意：Sovacool说：“如果你关注我们在未来15年能做些什么来减少排放，那就追求可再生能源，而不是核能。”肯定祈使句填动词原形。故填pursue。 7．考查介词。句意：产生这些结果的原因尚不清楚——分析发现了一种联系，而不是因果关系——但Sovacool有自己的想法。reason与results为所属关系，应用介词of。故填of。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于限制核武器扩散的协议，核能受到限制，因为反应堆的材料可以用来制造炸弹。分析句子结构可知limit与逻辑主语agreements构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填limiting。 9．考查状语从句。句意：由于限制核武器扩散的协议，核能受到限制，因为反应堆的材料可以用来制造炸弹。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”可用because或as。故填because/as。 10．考查情态动词。句意：Sovacool说，其他原因可能是可再生能源更便宜、建造更快、更容易被社会接受。后跟动词原形，结合句意表示“可能是”可用could、may。故填could/may。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·上海市复旦大学附属中学·期末） Tuvalu plans for its own disappearance Is a country still a country if it sinks? For over three decades the Pacific island country of Tuvalu has begged industrialized countries 1 (cut) their greenhouse-gas emissions. For over three decades global temperatures have ticked up. Tuvalu’s government warns that its territory could slip underwater by the end of the century. “It’s a matter of disappearing from the surface of this Earth,” Kausea Natano, the prime minister, said in September. So Tuvalu is now asking a different question: 2 can it continue existing if that happens? Mr Natano’s government 3 (correct) the constitution to assert that the country will exist “forever” even if its landmass does not. The new wording, which came into effect on October 1st, will not on its own change very much.   4 international law, a country must have a physical territory and permanent population. But no one has considered 5 happens if climate change removes a state of those qualities, says Bal Kama, a lawyer who advised the government on its constitutional changes. Tuvalu hopes that if other vulnerable countries follow its lead, international law could change. The government talks about turning Tuvalu into a “digital nation” that could provide services and preserve cultural traditions online even if its people were dispersed to other countries. It considers 6 (create) a 3D version of its islands that web users could wander around. All these plans raise more questions than answers. The government is especially keen to make explicit that it would expect to retain its claim on the waters 7 (surround) present-day Tuvalu. Combine the “exclusive economic zones” (EEZs) that stretch 200 nautical miles (370km) from their coasts, and Pacific island countries have rights 8 (fish) and mine an area of ocean bigger than Africa (see map). Leaders fear that they will lose those rights - and a tuna industry worth billions - if any or all of the islands 9 make up their territories disappear. So Tuvalu’s constitutional change states that its maritime boundaries would endure with its statehood. The government wants neighbors to accept that its EEZ will exist forever. Other Pacific governments have also mapped their maritime zones and passed laws asserting that rising sea levels will not affect their EEZs. It is not yet certain that Tuvalu will go under. But its government 10 (ready) the rafts. 【答案】 1．to cut 2．how 3．has corrected 4．Under/By 5．what 6．creating 7．surrounding 8．to fish 9．that 10．is readying 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了图瓦卢因气候变化导致的海平面上升而面临消失的风险，该国政府为此采取了一系列应对措施，包括修改宪法、计划成为“数字国家”以及明确其对周边海域的主权等，以期在国际法上寻求改变，保留国家的存在和相关权益。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：三十多年来，太平洋岛国图瓦卢一直恳求工业化国家削减温室气体排放。beg sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“恳求某人做某事”。故填to cut。 2．考查连接词。句意：所以图瓦卢现在提出了一个不同的问题：如果发生这种情况，它将如何继续存在？根据句意，此处构成特殊疑问句，表示“如何”应用特殊疑问词how。故填how。 3．考查动词时态。句意：纳塔诺先生的政府已经修改了宪法，宣称即使该国的陆地面积不存在，该国也将“永远”存在。设空处应填谓语动词，结合句意可知，“修改宪法”这一动作发生在过去，且对现在造成了一定影响，应用现在完成时，主语为单数名词government，助动词应用has。故填has corrected。 4．考查介词。句意：根据国际法，一个国家必须有领土和永久人口。under/by international law为固定短语，构成介词短语作状语，意为“根据国际法”。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Under/By。 5．考查连接词。句意：为政府宪法改革提供咨询的律师巴尔·卡马说，但没有人考虑到，如果气候变化消除了这些特性中的一个国家会发生什么。设空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：它考虑制作一个3D版本的岛屿，让网民可以在上面漫步。设空处应填非谓语动词作宾语，consider doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“考虑做某事”，故应用动名词作宾语。故填creating。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：政府尤其热衷于明确表示，它希望保留对今天图瓦卢周围水域的主权。句中would expect为谓语动词，设空处应填非谓语动词，waters和surround为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填surrounding。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：把从海岸延伸200海里（370公里）的“专属经济区”（EEZs）结合起来，太平洋岛国有权在比非洲还大的海域捕鱼和采矿（见地图）。have rights to do sth为固定短语，表示“去做……的权利”，使用不定式结构作后置定语。故填to fish。 9．考查关系代词。句意： 领导人担心，如果构成他们领土的任何一个或全部岛屿消失，他们将失去这些权利，以及价值数十亿美元的金枪鱼产业。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为the islands，关系词在从句中作主语，同时先行词由 any和all限定，故应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 10．考查动词时态。句意：但其政府正在准备木筏。设空处应填谓语动词，根据上文“It is not yet certain that Tuvalu will go under.”可知，目前还不确定图瓦卢是否会破产，但是该政府目前正在积极准备木筏。由此可知句子表述动作现在正在发生，应该使用现在进行时，表示“正在准备木筏”。主语为单数名词government，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is readying。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·上海市华东政法大学附属松江高级中学·期末） In Canada you can find dogs, cats, horses etc. in almost every family. These are their pets. People love these pets and have them as their good friends. 1 they keep them in their houses, they take them to animal hospitals to give them injections (注射) so that they won’t carry disease afterwards. They have special animal food stores, 2 they can get animal food in almost every kind of store. Some people spend around two hundred Canadian dollars a month on animal food. 3 you visit people’s houses, they would be very glad to show you their pets and they are very proud of them. You will also find that almost every family has a bird feeder in their garden. All kinds of birds are welcomed to come and have a good meal. They are free to come and go and nobody 4 (allow) to kill any animal in Canada. They have a law 5 killing wild animals. If you killed an animal, you would be punished. If an animal happened to get run over by car, people would be very sad about it. People in Canada have many reasons to like animals. One of them might be: Their family ties are not as close as 6 . When children grow up, they leave their parents and start their own life. Then the old will feel lonely. But pets can solve this problem. They can be good friends and never leave them alone. 【答案】1．Before 2．though/although 3．When 4．is allowed 5．against 6．ours 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在加拿大，几乎每个家庭都能找到狗，猫，马等，他们是加拿大人的宠物，人们喜欢这些宠物，宠物是他们的好朋友。 1．考查状语从句。句意：在把它们养在家里之前，他们会把它们带到动物医院给它们注射疫苗，这样它们之后就不会携带疾病了。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用连词引导状语从句，结合句意可知，在养宠物“之前”，需要带宠物进行检查，应用before引导时间状语从句，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Before。 2．考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管他们可以在几乎所有的商店买到动物食品，但他们有专门的动物食品商店。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用连词引导状语从句，结合句意分析，此处表达“虽然宠物食品随处可买，但他们有专门的宠物商店”，主从句是让步关系，因此需要使用连词though/although，故填though/although。 3．考查时间状语从句。句意：当你去别人家做客时，他们会很高兴给你看他们的宠物，并为它们感到自豪。 根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用连词引导状语从句，结合句意可知，此处表达“当你去做客时，主人会展示宠物”，因此需要使用时间状语从句连词when，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填When。 4．考查时态和语态。句意：他们可以自由来去，在加拿大任何人都不被允许杀死任何动物。根据所给句子分析可知，此处谓语动词表示叙述一般事实，因此需要使用一般现在时，主语nobody为单数概念，且与allow是被动关系，因此需要使用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is allowed。 5．考查介词。句意：他们有一条禁止杀害野生动物的法律。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用介词，表达法律“禁止……”，因此需要使用against。故填against。 6．考查名词性物主代词。句意：其中一个可能是：他们的家庭关系不像我们的那么亲密。根据所给句子及句意分析可知，此处需要使用名词性物主代词代指前文出现的“family ties(家庭关系)”，应用ours表示“我们的家庭关系”。故填ours。 主题01 人与社会——社会文化、科学技术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一上·上海市复旦大学附属中学·期末） Art Builds Understanding At the just completed Designing for Empathy Summit, social scientists and museum leaders gathered to discuss how museums can build empathy and contribute to developing understanding and meaning-making. Despite the long history of scholarship on experiences of art, researchers have yet to capture and understand   1 (meaningful) aspects of such experiences, including the thoughts and insights gained when we visit a museum, the sense of encounter after seeing a meaningful work of art, or the changed thinking after experiences with art. These powerful encounters 2 be inspiring, uplifting, and contribute to well-being and flourishing. The theory of aesthetic cognitivism describes the value of art through its role in facilitating a better understanding of 3 , others, and the world. The question is how that happens–what are the attributes of meaningful experiences of art? 4 the mirror model of art developed by Pablo P. L. Tinio, aesthetic reception corresponds to artistic creation in a mirror-reversed fashion. Artists aim to express ideas and messages about the human condition or the world at large. To do so, they explore key ideas and continually expand, adapt, and fine-tune them as they develop the work, resulting in the build-up of layers of materials — 5 initial studies and sketches to the final, 6 (refine) piece. A viewer’s initial interaction with an artwork starts 7 the artist has left off. Their interaction first involves processing surface features, such as color, texture, and the 8 (finish) touches applied by the artist during the final stages of the creative process. After spending more time with the work, the viewer begins to gain insight and access the ideas of the artist. Correspondence in feeling and thinking suggests a transfer — between creator and viewer — of ideas, concepts, and emotions contained in the works of art. Art has the potential 9 (communicate) across space and time and create connections and insights 10 otherwise would not happen. What it takes for this to happen is active engagement with art in contexts that facilitate this engagement, especially museums. 【答案】 1．the most meaningful 2．can 3．ourselves 4．According to 5．from 6．refined 8．where 8．finishing 9．to communicate 10．that/which 【来源】2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在共情设计峰会中，专家讨论博物馆借艺术体验构建共情，依审美认知理论及镜像模型，艺术可跨时空沟通，需主动参与。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：尽管关于艺术体验的学术研究历史悠久，但研究人员尚未捕捉和理解这些体验中最有意义的方面，包括我们参观博物馆时获得的思想和见解，看到有意义的艺术作品后的相遇感，或者体验艺术后的思维变化。空处需填形容词来修饰名词 “aspects”，结合句意可知，应为形容词最高级形式the most meaningful，意思是“最有意义的”。故填the most meaningful。 2．考查情态动词。句意：这些强大的相遇可以鼓舞人心，令人振奋，并有助于幸福和繁荣。表示“能够”应用情态动词can。故填can。 3．考查代词。句意：审美认知主义理论通过艺术在促进更好地理解我们自己、他人和世界方面的作用来描述艺术的价值。根据句意可知，这里需要一个反身代词与“others”（他人）和 “the world”（世界）相对应，表示“我们自己”，所以填“ourselves”。故填ourselves。 4．考查固定短语。句意：根据巴勃罗・P・L・蒂尼奥提出的艺术镜像模型，审美接受与艺术创作是一种倒置的镜像。表示“根据”应用介词短语according to，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填According to。 5．考查固定短语。句意：为了做到这一点，他们探索关键的想法，并在他们发展工作的过程中不断扩展、调整和微调它们，从而形成从最初的研究和草图到最终的精致作品的材料层。from...to...是固定搭配，表示“从…… 到……”。故填from。 6．考查形容词。句意：为了做到这一点，他们探索关键的想法，并在他们发展工作的过程中不断扩展、调整和微调它们，从而形成从最初的研究和草图到最终的精致作品的材料层。空处需填形容词作定语来修饰名词piece，“refine”是动词，其过去分词形式“refined”可以作形容词，意思是 “精致的；精炼的”。故填refined。 7．考查地点状语从句。句意：观众与艺术品的最初互动从艺术家离开的地方开始。分析句子 “A viewer’s initial interaction with an artwork starts ____ the artist has left off.”，这里是一个地点状语从句，“where”表示“在…… 地方”，意思是“观赏者与艺术品的初始互动从艺术家停下的地方开始”。故填where。 8．考查固定短语。句意：他们的互动首先涉及处理表面特征，如颜色，纹理，以及艺术家在创作过程的最后阶段应用的最后润色。finishing touches是固定短语，意思是“最后润色；最后修饰”，这里表示艺术家在创作过程最后阶段所做的修饰，所以填“finishing”。故填finishing。 9．考查动词不定式。句意：艺术具有跨越空间和时间进行交流的潜力，并创造出原本不会发生的联系和见解。have the potential to do sth.是固定用法，意思是 “有做某事的潜力”，空处需填动词不定式作后置定语。故填to communicate。 10．考查定语从句。句意：艺术具有跨越空间和时间进行交流的潜力，并创造出原本不会发生的联系和见解。设空处引导定从句，先行词connections and insights，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that或者which引导。故填that/which。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·上海市上海交通大学附属中学期末） Winning Doesn’t Equal Success John Wooden was a celebrated basketball coach, who led his team to 10 championships over the course of 12 years. The team’s seven-year winning record still 1 (remain) unbroken. Wooden also received numerous coaching awards throughout his career. Do all those wins equal success? Wooden would be the first to say 2 don’t. In a TED talk, titled “The difference between winning and success,” Wooden offered his take on 3 it means to succeed. Wooden noted that Webster’s dictionary defines success as “the amassing of material possessions or the fulfilment of a position of power.” This didn’t work for him. Wooden said that success was peace of mind 4 (get) only through self-satisfaction in knowing you made the effort to do the best of which you’re capable. Simply, if you have tried your best, then you have succeeded regardless of the outcomes. This attitude 5 (see) in Wooden’s coaching. He believed that his players were students first and athletes second. More than creating a winning team, he wanted to create individuals 6 would succeed off the court. He had three rules for his players: never be late, be neat and clean, and never criticize a teammate. If someone showed up late, Wooden would not let them 7 (play) even if they were the best on the team. He believed in building character, which would impact his players long 8 they stopped playing basketball. Wooden also came up with a “pyramid of success.” 9 cornerstones at the base were industriousness and enthusiasm, and at the top, faith and patience. These were marks of success for Wooden, and winning 10 them meant that you hadn’t actually succeeded. 【答案】 1．remains 2．they 3．what 4．got 5．was seen 6．who/that 7．play 8．after 9．The/Its 10．without 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了著名篮球教练John Wooden对于成功的独特理解和实践。 1．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该队保持了七年的胜利记录，至今未被打破。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语record是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填remains。 2．考查代词。句意：Wooden将是第一个说它们不是的人。空格处用they指代前面的wins，故填they。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：在题为“胜利与成功的区别”的TED演讲中，Wooden提出了他对成功的看法。空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处表示“他对成功的看法”，因此用what引导宾语从句，故填what。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：Wooden认为，成功是内心的平静，这种平静只有在你明知自己已竭尽所能发挥出最大潜力，并因此感到自我满足时才能获得。that引导的宾语从句中谓语是was，空格处用非谓语动词，peace of mind和get之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填got。 5．考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：这种态度在Wooden的执教中可见一睹。attitude和see之间是动宾关系，句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语This attitude是单数，因此空格处是was seen。故填was seen。 6．考查定语从句。句意：比起打造一支能赢的球队，他更想打造在场外能取得成功的个人。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词individuals是人，因此用关系代词who/that引导定语从句，故填who/that。 7．考查固定短语。句意：如果有人迟到了，Wooden不会让他们上场，即使他们是球队中最好的球员。let sb. do sth.是固定短语，意为“让某人做某事”，不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，因此空格处用原形，故填play。 8．考查连词。句意：他相信要培养球员的性格，这在他们停止打篮球很久之后还会影响他们。此处表示在他们停止打篮球很久之后，空格处意为“在……之后”，是after，故填after。 9．考查代词/冠词。句意：（它的）基石在底层是勤奋和热情，在上层是信心和耐心。空格处用定冠词the特指“成功金字塔”的基石，也可表示“成功金字塔的”基石，空格处意为“它的”，是its，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填The/Its。 10．考查介词。句意：这些都是Wooden成功的标志，没有它们的胜利意味着你实际上没有成功。根据语境可知，句子表示“这些都是Wooden成功的标志，没有它们的胜利意味着你实际上没有成功”，空格处意为“没有”，用介词without。故填without。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·上海市育才中学·期末） The TERM “killjoy parents” has been trending on Chinese social media platforms as many young people complain that their parents would rather criticize than praise them for their accomplishments. One poster, for example, remarked that his parents said his high score in math wasn't good enough 1 several other students had scored higher. 2 complained that, after 3 (accept) into a “second-tier” university, the response he got for his father was “Congratulations. You got admitted to a garbage university.” It’s a terrible feeling to have someone “burst your bubble” when you think they should be sharing your joy. And your parents, after all, are probably the people with 4 you most want to share the best moments in your life. But why do some parents seem to be so hard 5 (please)? I think a lot of it has to do with Chinese society. Parents know that life 6 be full of hardship and difficulties, and they want their children to be “hardened” to these realities. Another reason can probably be found deep in Chinese culture. When I asked a Chinese friend why Chinese parents don’t praise their children, he said it’s because they don't want to bring their children bad luck. He told me the story of two women sitting in a park and watching their children play. One of the mothers said to the other, “Your boy is so handsome and healthy.” That other mother replied, “No, he’s very ugly and he’s a very sickly child.” The mother, my friend explained, didn't want her son praised in case the “gods” heard and punished him. It's an old superstition (迷信), but it does have some basis in fact. American parents, at the other extreme, are taught to ever criticize their children because it may hurt their feelings—their self-esteem. Instead, they 7 (tell) to always praise their children, even for failure. Psychologists now believe this is a bad idea. According to one study, too much praise can result in negative effects. 8 kids with low self-esteem felt even worse about themselves, kids with high self-esteem became narcissistic or self-centered. Moreover, children who got too much praise were 9 (likely) to take risks, were unable to deal with failure and tended to give up when faced with challenges. Stacey and Toby aren’t the only people to be welcoming Mariella’s app. It’s now got thousands of users, and she’s working long days to balance it with her A-level studies. The time difference from New York to her school in Rugby, Warwickshire, means she sets her alarm for 5am. 10 (have) “killjoy parents” may not be enjoyable, but it’s important to recognize that their seemingly critical nature doesn't negate the love they have for you. In their hearts, they genuinely share in your joy. 【答案】 1．because 2．Another 3．being accepted 4．whom 5．to please 6．can/may/might 7．are told 8．While/Though/Although 9．less likely 10．Having 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是拥有“扫兴父母”可能并不令人愉快，但在他们的心里真诚地分享着你的快乐。 1．考查固定短语。句意：例如，一个帖子说，他的父母说他的数学高分不够好，因为其他几个学生的分数比他高。根据句意，前后句之间是因果关系，故用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。 2．考查代词。句意：另一个人抱怨说，在被一所“二流”大学录取后，他从父亲那里得到的回应是“恭喜你。你被一所垃圾大学录取了。”根据语境和前文的one可知，此处表示三者以上的另一个，用不定代词another作主语，故填Another。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，after是介词，后接动名词作宾语，accept与逻辑主语he是被动关系，故用动名词的被动式，故填being accepted。 4．考查定语从句。句意：毕竟，你的父母很可能是你最想与之分享生命中最美好的时刻的人。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为the people，指人，作介词with的宾语，用关系代词whom，所以此处应使用“with whom”引导定语从句。故填whom。 5．考查不定式。句意：但为什么有些父母似乎很难取悦?分析句子可知，形容词后用不定式作状语，不定式与主语是动名词关系，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，故填to please。 6．考查情态动词。句意：父母知道生活可能充满艰辛和困难，他们希望自己的孩子能够坚强地面对这些现实。分析句子结构可知，此空后为动词原形，所以此处应使用情态动词，结合句意以及下文的can probably可知，此处表示的是“可能”且表示的是现在的情况，应使用情态动词can或may或might。故填can/may/might。 7．考查时态语态。句意：相反，他们被告知要永远表扬他们的孩子，即使是失败的。分析句子可知，tell是谓语动词，与主语they（指代前文的their children）是被动关系，文章讲述现在的事实用一般现在时，主语they是复数，谓语动词用复数，故填are told。 8．考查状语从句。句意：虽然低自尊的孩子对自己感觉更差，但高自尊的孩子会变得自恋或以自我为中心。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的状语从句，结合句意可知，此处表示“尽管”符合逻辑，所以使用while或though或者although引导让步状语从句，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填While/Though/Although。 9．考查形容词比较级。句意：此外，得到太多表扬的孩子不太可能冒险，无法应对失败，面对挑战时往往会放弃。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作表语，根据句意以及“kids with low self-esteem felt even worse about themselves”可知，此处应使用形容词的比较级，结合下文中的“were unable to deal with failure”可知，此处表示的是“不太可能”应为less likely。故填less likely。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：拥有“扫兴的父母”可能并不令人愉快，但重要的是要认识到，他们看似挑剔的本性并不能否定他们对你的爱。分析句子可知，“(have) “killjoy parents””是主语，用动名词形式，故填Having。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·上海市上海市嘉定区·期末） Seeing Blue Blue-light-blocking glasses are supposed protect eyes from blue light from our smartphones and computer screens. 1 we spend much time on them, it sounds smart to buy a pair of blue-light-blocking glasses, right? After all, eye problems 2 lead to poor sleep and even worse diseases. The glasses cost 3 $15 to several hundred dollars. But do they work? Elizabeth Esparaz, an ophthalmologist (眼科专家), says the reasons which glass companies 4 (share) can be confusing. In fact, blue light is not always bad. “The sun gives off more blue light than smart phones or computers, and it’s actually beneficial,” says Dr. Esparaz. 5 helps our mood and sleep-wake cycle. The problem is blue light at night: It can harmfully change our work-and-rest cycle and stop us from falling asleep. So, wearing blue-light-blocking glasses should help people 6 watch movies in bed or read from a tablet at night to avoid sleeplessness. A 2021 review study, in 7 24 past studies were looked at, found that people 8 (affect) by sleep disorders, jet lag and night work fell asleep faster after using these glasses. As for eye problems, a 2018 review study by in Australia found few evidence that blue-light-blocking glasses prevent eye-related diseases. “These glasses aren’t going to be harmful,” says Dr. Esparaz. But, she adds, there’s no way to know if one pair is better than another. A 9 (reliable) solution: Turn on the blue-light-filtering (过滤) function on your devices and limit screen time before bed. To help with eye problems, Dr. Esparaz suggests 10 (take) breaks and using relaxing eye drops. 【答案】 1．Because/As/Since/If 2．can/may 3．from 4．share/have shared/are sharing 5．It 6．who/that 7．which 8．affected 9．more reliable 10．taking 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了防蓝光眼镜给人们带来的好处。 1．考查连词。句意：因为（如果）我们在屏幕上花了很多时间，所以买一副防蓝光眼镜听起来很明智，对吧？根据语义，we spend much time on them和it sounds smart to buy a pair of blue-light-blocking glasses存在因果关系或者条件关系，空处可用表示“因为”的连词because/as/since，也可用表示“如果”的连词if。位于句首，单词首字母应大写，故填Because/As/Since/If。 2．考查情态动词。句意：毕竟，眼部问题会导致睡眠不足，甚至更严重的疾病。根据句意，空处应用表示“会，能”或者“可能”的情态动词。故填can/may。 3．考查介词。句意：这种眼镜的价格从15美元到几百美元不等。from…to…“从……到……”为固定搭配。故填from。 4．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：眼科医生Elizabeth Esparaz说，眼镜公司分享的理由可能令人困惑。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，此处可理解为陈述现在的情况用一般现在时，也可立即为过去的动作对现在造成的影响用现在完成时，还可理解为目前正在发生的动作用现在进行时。主谓一致，故填share/have shared/are sharing。 5．考查代词。句意：它有助于我们的情绪和睡眠——觉醒循环。指代前文中的The sun，应用代词it。位于句首，单词首字母应大写，故填It。 6．考查定语从句。句意：因此，戴上防蓝光眼镜可以帮助那些在床上看电影或晚上用平板电脑阅读的人避免失眠。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是people，指人，用关系代词who/that引导从句，在从句中作主语。故填who/that。 7．考查定语从句。句意：2021年的一项综述研究回顾了过去的24项研究，发现受睡眠障碍、时差和夜间工作影响的人在使用这种眼镜后入睡更快。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是study，指代事物，用关系代词which引导从句，在从句中作宾语。故填which。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：2021年的一项综述研究回顾了过去的24项研究，发现受睡眠障碍、时差和夜间工作影响的人在使用这种眼镜后入睡更快。that从句的谓语是fell，空处应用非谓语动词，affect与名词people之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填affected。 9．考查比较级。句意：一个更可靠的解决方案是：打开设备上的蓝光过滤功能，限制睡前看屏幕的时间。根据句意可知，空处应用形容词的比较级，作定语。故填more reliable。 10．考查动名词。句意：为了帮助解决眼部问题，Esparaz医生建议休息一下，使用放松眼药水。suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”为固定搭配。动名词作suggest的宾语。故填taking。 主题03 人与自然——自然探索与生态环保 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·上海市长宁区·期末） Color my world Once there was a girl named Rose. Rose always felt blue because she lived in a dull, gray village 1 life was black and white. She longed for adventure, 2 her life was as plain as a brown paper bag. One day while walking down the street, she saw Eric, a former classmate, in 3 red car, and he caught her eye. He looked very happy. He stopped and said, “Hop in, let’s paint the town red!” Rose was a little hesitant, but Eric’s infectious (有感染力的) spirit and the sight of the car’s shiny red outer 4 (excite) her. They drove off into the sunset and found 5 in a city that was lively and full of color. The buildings 6 (paint) in all shades of the rainbow. The streets were alive with people 7 (dress) in colorful clothing. As they drove through the city, Rose saw a rainbow in the sky, and she felt as if she were on cloud nine. Eric took her to a party, and she danced 8 she was red in the face. When the party was over, Eric drove Rose home. But it wasn’t until she was walking to her door that she came up with a great idea. She realized that she needed to stop 9 (chase) rainbows and add some color to her gray existence. She decided to live her life in full color. The next day, Rose took a walk in the village. She noticed that the trees were green, and the flowers bloomed in many colors. She realized that her village was not as dull as she had thought. Rose noticed a shop 10 sold paint. She purchased some and painted her house 11 (bright) color she could find. She was very happy 12 the result. Her neighbors were amazed at the transformation and decided to paint their houses bright colors, 13 . Before long, the whole village was painted in bright colors, and it seemed that a rainbow 14 (fall) upon it. It was a red-letter day for everyone! Rose realized that looking at things in a different light had made all the difference. 【答案】 1．where 2．because 3．a 4．excited 5．a place 6．were painted 7．dressed 8．until 9．chasing 10．which/that 11．the brightest 12．with 13．too 14．had fallen 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。罗斯住在一个沉闷、灰暗的村庄里，总是感到忧郁；一次埃里克开车带她到了一个充满活力和色彩的城市；罗斯为了给灰色的生活增添一些色彩，她决定把房子漆成最鲜艳的颜色，邻居们对这种变化感到惊讶，于是也决定把他们的房子漆成鲜艳的颜色。这使罗斯认识到：从不同的角度看待事物会让一切变得不同。 1．考查定语从句的引导词。句意：罗斯总是感到忧郁，因为她住在一个沉闷、灰暗的村庄里，那里的生活只有黑与白。设空处引导定语从句且在句中作地点状语，先行词为village。应用where。 2．考查连词。句意：她渴望冒险，因为她的生活平淡无奇。设空处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because。故填because。 3．考查冠词。句意：一天，当她走在街上时，她看见以前的同学埃里克，在一辆红色的汽车里，他引起了她的注意。设空处后为名词单数car，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，后为辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。 4．考查谓语动词。句意：罗斯有点犹豫，但埃里克那富有感染力的精神和那辆车闪亮的红色外壳使她兴奋不已。设空处在句中作谓语，叙述过去发生的事应用一般过去时，设空处应用动词的过去式的形式。故填excited。 5．考查名词。句意：他们在夕阳中开车离开，在一个充满活力和色彩的城市里找到了一个地方。根据空后的定语从句“that was lively and full of color (生动的，充满色彩的)”可知，设空处表示“一个地方”应用a place。故填a place。 6．考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意：这些建筑物被漆成彩虹的各种颜色。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，叙述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，设空处应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为the buildings，结合主谓一致。故填were painted。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：街上挤满了穿着五颜六色衣服的人。设空处在句中作非谓语，应用动词的过去分词的形式作后置定语，故填dressed。 8．考查连词。句意：埃里克带她去参加一个聚会，她跳得面红耳赤。设空处引导时间状语从句表示“直到”应用until。故填until。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：她意识到她需要停止追逐彩虹，并为她灰色的生活增添一些色彩。设空处在句中作非谓语，固定短语stop doing sth停止做某事。故填chasing。 10．考查定语从句。句意：罗斯注意到一家卖油漆的商店。设空处引导定语从句且在句中作指物的主语，先行词为shop，应用which/that。故填which/that。 11．考查形容词的最高级。句意：她买了一些油漆，把房子漆成了她能找到的最鲜艳的颜色。设空处应为形容词修饰空后的名词，根据“she could find(她可以找到的)”应用最高级的形式。故填the brightest。 12．考查介词。句意：她对结果感到非常高兴。be happy with对……感到满意或高兴。故填with。 13．考查副词。句意：她的邻居们对这种变化感到惊讶，于是也决定把他们的房子漆成鲜艳的颜色。设空处在句中应为副词作状语，表示“也”应用too。故填too。 14．考查谓语动词。句意：不久，整个村庄都被涂上了鲜艳的色彩，似乎有一道彩虹落在了它上面。设空处在that引导的从句中作谓语，表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had fallen。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·上海市松江区·期末） How to Water Plants All plants need water. The watering of plants plays a major role in helping plants grow healthily. It seems simple but actually requires many considerations. Let’s take a close look at the water plants need first. Plants 1 grow in places with low rainfall require more water. And plants 2 ability to adjust themselves to dry conditions is strong can live with less watering. When it comes to tools, a garden pipe (管子) long enough to reach the furthest part of the garden 3 (prefer). This ensures enough water is provided for the plants and helps to make watering much 4 (easy). An inexperienced gardener may water a little each time but several times a day. This is undesirable 5 it does not help roots to grow deep. Besides, we’d better avoid watering in full sun 6 the leaves won’t lose water quickly from the surface. 【答案】1．which/that 2．whose 3．is preferred 4．easier 5．because 6．so 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了怎样给植物浇水。 1．考查定语从句。句意：生长在降雨量少的地方的植物需要更多的水。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为Plants，指代事物，应用关系代词which或that引导从句，作主语。故填which/that。 2．考查定语从句。句意：而那些适应干旱条件能力强的植物可以少浇水。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为plants，指代物（或人），在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose，修饰名词ability。故填whose。 3．考查时态和语态。句意：说到工具，最好是一根长到花园最远部分的花园管子。动词prefer和主语之间是被动关系，根据句意可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填is preferred。 4．考查形容词比较级。句意：这可以确保为植物提供足够的水，并有助于使浇水更容易。动词make后接复合宾语，根据句意和前文much可知，此处应用形容词easy 的比较级作宾语补足语，表示“更容易”。故填easier。 5．考查连词。句意：这是不可取的，因为它不帮助根部生长得更深。后文it does not help roots to grow deep和前文之间是因果关系，是前文的直接原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 6．考查连词。句意：此外，我们最好避免在阳光下浇水，这样叶子表面的水分就不会很快流失。后文the leaves won’t lose water quickly from the surface是前文的结果，故用连词so引导。故填so。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $