内容正文:
必修一 Unit 6 Vocabulary (导学单)
1.wrap (wrap-wrapped-wrapped-wrapping) v.包,裹
派生:wrapping n.用于包装的材料 →wrapper n.包装纸 →wrapped adj.有包装的
搭配:wrap A (up) in B把A包裹在B里 be wrapped in 被......包裹
wrap up 包扎,把…...裹起来,掩饰,完成
be wrapped up in... 忙碌于…...;醉心/沉迷于…...
2.frost n. 霜 v.结霜;冻死
派生:frostily adv. 冷淡地;冷冰冰地→frosty adj.严寒的;霜冻的 →frostiness n. 酷寒
搭配:frost over/up(使)被冰霜覆盖 be frosted with用…...覆盖
3.completion n. 完成,结束;完结
派生:complete adj.完整的;完成的;彻底的;v.完成;使完整;使圆满 →
completely adv.彻底地;完全地 → completive adj. 完成的;结束的
搭配:complete with 包括,具有配套的;以…...完成
complete without 不包括,没有…...在内
4.steep adj. 陡的,陡峭的v. 浸泡;湿透;沉浸
派生:steepness n . 陡峭;→steeply adv.急剧地;陡峭地;险峻地→steepen v.(使)变得陡峭
搭配:steep oneself in sth精通于;沉湎于;潜心于
steep sth in sth用......(液体)浸泡......
5.prevent v.阻挡,防止
派生:prevention .n.防止;预防→preventable adj.可预防的;可阻止的
搭配:prevent...(from)doing sth. 阻止…….做某事
拓展:protect...from/against... 保护…..免受……的侵害
stop...(from)doing sth. 阻止………做某事
keep...from doing sth. 阻止…..做某事
6.harmony n.融洽相处,和谐
派生:harmonious .adj.和谐的;协调的
搭配:live/work in harmony. 融洽地生活/工作
in harmony with... 与...协调/一致 out of harmony with… 与...不一致/不协调
be harmonious with 与...... 和谐相处
live in harmony with nature与自然和谐相处
a sense of harmony. 和谐感 harmonious society. 和谐社会
7.design v.设计;计划. n.设计;图案;意图
派生:designer .n.设计师,设计者
拓展:design sth. for sb. 为某人设计某物 be designed for… 为…..而设计/准备
be designed to do sth. 为做某事而设计;目的是做某事
well/badly designed. 设计良好/糟糕
by design/on purpose. 故意地 by accident/by chance. 偶然,意外地
make designs for….. 为….制作设计方案 have designs on sth企图把……据为己
8.harm v/n.伤害,损害
派生:harmful .adj.有害的→ harmless .adj.无害的
搭配:harm the environment. 危害环境harm one's image/reputation. 损害某人的形象/名声
do harm to(=do...harm). 对….有害 cause harm to… 对….造成损害
mean no harm to sb. 对某人没有恶意 do more harm than good. 弊大于利
be harmful to( =do harm to) 对……有害 be harmless to…. 对…..无害
there is no harm in doing sth.=it does no harm to do sth. 不妨做某事
9.replace v.以….替换,更换;取代;把....放回原处
派生:replacement .n.更换,替换
搭配:be replaced by/with. 被….取代/代替 replace A with B. 用B代替A
replace the book on the shelf. 把书放回架子上
拓展:“代替”的其他表达法:
take one's place=in one's place-instead of-take the place of=in place of
10.beauty n.美,美丽;美人,美好的东西
派生:beautiful .adj.美丽的 → beautify v.使变美, 美化
搭配:the beauty of the sunset/poetry/ singing. 落日/诗作/歌声之美
a woman of great beauty. 大美人
an area of outstanding natural beauty. 自然景色十分优美的地方
拓展:抽象名词具体化:
beauty 美丽→a beauty一个美人,一个美好的东西
failure 失败→a failure一个失败的人,一件失败的事
success成功→a success一个成功的人,一件成功的事
11.narrow adj.狭窄的;狭隘的;勉强的. v.(使)变窄
派生:narrowly .adv.勉强地,狭隘地
搭配:narrow-minded. 心胸狭窄的,有偏见的
have a narrow escape. 死里逃生,险些遇险 a narrow victory/defeat. 险胜/惜败
narrow one’s eyes. 眯起眼睛 narrow the gap. 缩小差距
narrow sth. down. 缩小······的范围
narrowly escaped injury. 险些受伤 lose narrowly. 以微弱差距败北
12.desert n.沙漠,荒漠; vt.遗弃,抛弃
派生:deserted .adj.被遗弃的;空寂无人的
搭配:in the desert. 在沙漠中 go across/through the desert. 穿越沙漠
a deserted child/village/street. 遭遗弃的孩子/被舍弃的村庄/空无一人的街道
13. publish v.出版;刊登;公布
派生:publisher .n.出版者,出版商;发行人→ publication n.出版;出版物;发表
搭配:publish the first edition. 出版第一版 publish readers’ letters. 刊登读者来信
辨析:publish 与come out 都有“出版”之意。
publish是及物动词,一般是人作主语。
come out是不及物动词词组,一般是物作主语。
14.expert adj.内行的,专家的 n.专家,行家
派生:expertise [U]n. 专业技能;专业知识→expertly adv. 熟练地;巧妙地
搭配: be expert at/in(doing)sth. 在(做)某事方面在行
seek expert advice/an expert opinion. 征求专家的意见
be/become an expert at/on/in… 在….方面是专家/成为专家
a computer/medical expert. 计算机/医学专家
15.branch n. 树枝;分部;分支v. 分支;分岔
派生:branchy adj. 枝繁的;多枝的→branchless adj.无(缺)枝的,不分枝的
搭配:branch out (into doing sth) 扩大范围,开辟新的领域
branch off 分岔,偏离 branch over伸展到…...顶上
16.rent v.租用,租借 n.租金
搭配:rent sth. from sb. 从某人那里租用某物 rent sth.(out)to sb. 把某物租给某人
a high/low rent. 高的/低的租金 for rent. (尤用于告示)出租,招租
pay the rent. 支付租金 raise/put up the rent. 提高租金
17.limited adj.有限的
派生:limit .vt.限制,限定 n.界限;限度→limitless adj.无限的;无止境的→
limitation .n.限制;局限
搭配:(be of) limited use/value. 作用有限 limit...to... 把…限制在…内
be limited to... 局限于….... beyond the limit. 超过限度
without limit(s). 无限制地 within limits. 在某种程度上;有一定限制
set a limit to/on…. 对…..设定限度/限制
拓展:There is a/no limit to... ……是有/无限度的。(to是介词)
18. benefit n.好处,益处 v.使受益;得益于
派生:beneficial adj.有利的,有用的
搭配:to one's benefit=to the benefit of sb. 对某人有利
for one's benefit=for the benefit of… 为了….的利益
be of benefit to=be beneficial to... 对…有益 benefit from/by... 得益于…/从…中受益
benefit sb/sth 对某人/某物有益
give sb the benefit of the doubt 因证据不足而承认无罪
19.pleasant adj.令人愉快的
派生:please .v.(使)高兴→pleased .adj.高兴的;满意的→pleasure .n.快乐;乐趣
搭配:a pleasant climate. 宜人的气候 be pleased with…. 对….满意
for pleasure. 为了消遣/娱乐
20.energy n.力量,活力;能量
派生:energetically .adv.精力充沛地;积极地 →energetic .adj.精力充沛的;积极的
搭配:be full of energy. 充满活力 have the energy to do sth. 有精力做某事
devote one's time and energy to. 把时间和精力投入到.....
feel energetic. 感觉精力充沛 keep energetic. 保持活力
be energetic in doing sth. 积极做某事
练习题
1.These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden, first _____________(publish) in 1911.
2.My teacher is patient and (energy) and she is trying to seek the solution to the problem.
3. (design) in a modern style, the bridge has helped a lot to relieve the heavy traffic.
4.It is amazing that two of the old buildings (replace) by new ones in the past years.
5.Spend a few minutes (look) through the book.
6.You should create a (harmony) environment where a variety of creatures can survive.
7.The car (narrow) missed a photographer, who was carrying a pile of files.
8.A long discussion followed, and eventually he seemed to understand that it was my own belief that (limit) me.
9. We ought to set a strict limit the amount of time we can spend on the project.
1. published 2. energetic 3.Designed 4.have been replaced 5.looking 6. harmonious 7. narrowly 8.limited 9.on
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