Unit 5 课时3 Understanding ideas（Grammar）（分层作业）英语外研版2024八年级上册

Unit 5 Play by the rules? 课时3 Understanding ideas(Grammar) 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 05思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 动词不定式作目的状语 不定式作目的状语，可放在句首或句末。 to 表示目的、为了。 如： To learn math well, you must do more exercises. 为了学好数学，你必须多做练习。 We came here to ask you for help. 我们来这是为了向你寻求帮助。 为了使表达更加清楚或对目的加以强调，还可以用 in order to do sth. 或 so as to do sth. 作目的状语。需要注意的是， so as to 引导的不定式短语不能位于句首 。 In order to raise money and protect wild animals , I held a singing competition. = I held a singing competition in order to raise money and protect wild animals . 为了筹款保护野生动物，我举办了一个歌唱比赛。 We went early so as to get good seats . 为了占到好座位，我们早早就去了。 ) 一、单项选择 1．________ our students healthy, military training (军训) has become a tradition in China. A．Making B．Makes C．Make D．To make 2．Teachers will do all they can ________ students develop good learning habits from an early age. A．help B．to help C．helping 3．We students always do morning exercises every day at school ________ healthy. A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．keeps 4．________ teenagers’ eyesight, experts advise them to stay away from electronic products. A．Protect B．To protect C．Protecting D．Protects 5．Chinese parents always try their best ________ a good education environment for their kids. A．provide B．to provide C．providing D．to providing 6．We are expected to check the papers carefully before handing them in ________ some careless mistakes. A．making B．to make C．to avoid D．avoiding 7．________ people not to smoke in public places, lots of signs are hung on the wall. A．Reminding B．To remind C．Remind D．Reminded 8．China sets up a national nature reserve ________ after Huangyan Island. A．look B．looked C．to look D．looks 9．We can use social media ________ Chinese culture to the world. A．spread B．to spread C．spreading 10．—What else do you think we should pay attention to ________ our environment? —We can use as much clean energy as we can. A．improving B．improve C．to improving D．to improve 11．— Hi! Alice, why are you in such a hurry? —________ my best friend from Canada at the airport. A．Meet B．To meet C．Meeting D．Met 12．________ get lost in the forest, we’d better take a compass (指南针) with us. A．In order to B．Don’t in order to C．In order not to D．In order to not 13．In order ________ the meeting on time, she took a taxi yesterday. A．to get to B．getting to C．arriving at D．to arrive in 14．In order ______ for the competition, my sister forced (迫使) herself to get up early. A．not to be late B．not being late C．to be late D．being late 15．He got up at 6:00 am in order to catch up with the train on time. A．because of B．so as to C．so that 一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1．Before making a decision, you need to think about all the possible results carefully (avoid) making mistakes. 2．We clean our classroom carefully every day in order (create) a good learning environment. 3．—The dog hasn’t eaten anything since yesterday. —Maybe it’s not feeling well. Let’s take it to the vet (see) what’s wrong. 4．We put up signs in the park so as (ask) people to keep the environment clean. 5．Scientists have great responsibility to use their knowledge (make) the world a better place. 6．In China, we always have different activities (celebrate) different festivals. 7．Mr. Lee is an animal lover. He does everything he can (protect) animals. 8． (produce) less garbage, I bring my lunch in reusable bags. 9．You can join the environmental club (learn) more about the environment. 10．The car uses green energy (move), so it is friendly to the environment. 11．Life is like a story. You’d better improve yourself all the time (make) your story wonderful. 12． (keep) your brain in good condition, you need to use it. 13．I went to the park (exercise). 14． (get) fit, you need to exercise more and eat less. 15．We should make full use of time (learn) English. 一、语法选择 In Australia, junior high school rules are a bit different 1 those in China. Let’s take a look at some 2 examples. First, about uniforms. In many Chinese schools, students must wear uniforms every day. But in Australia, some schools only ask students 3 a jacket or a shirt with the school logo. They can choose 4 own pants or skirts. However, they still need to look tidy—no untidy clothes are allowed. Next, about 5 at school. In China, teachers tell students to arrive on time and not to be late for class. Australia is the same, but they have a special rule: 6 a student is absent, the parents must call the school to tell why. No one can be absent from school without a good reason. Then, about classroom manners (礼仪). In Chinese classes, students usually sit 7 and raise hands to speak. In Australia, classes are more playful, but there’s one important rule: Respect others. You can’t talk 8 when someone else is speaking. Also, don’t jump the queue when lining up (排队) for lunch or activities—that’s not polite. After school, many Australian students like to hang out with friends in the school hallway. But they mustn’t make 9 noise or litter. 10 the school clean and quiet is everyone’s job. Do you think these Australian rules are interesting? 1．A．from B．of C．for 2．A．interest B．interesting C．interested 3．A．wear B．to wear C．wearing 4．A．they B．them C．their 5．A．arrives B．arrive C．arriving 6．A．If B．What C．Because 7．A．quietly B．quiet C．quieter 8．A．loudest B．loudness C．loudly 9．A．too much B．too many C．much too 10．A．Keep B．Keeping C．Keeps 二、阅读理解 I’m Lily. A new student named Leo came to our class last week. He is from another country and doesn’t know our school rules. Our teacher asked us to help him learn the rules. We teach him how to behave in class, in the library and on the playground. In the library, Leo wanted to talk with me loudly. “No, Leo! We must be quiet in the library,” I said. He nodded and kept silent. Then he wanted to take a book home without asking the librarian. “Wait, Leo! We need to borrow books first,” our monitor Tom told him. In the P.E. class, Leo didn’t wear sports shoes. “Leo, we must wear sports shoes for P.E. class,” the P.E. teacher said. He felt sorry and borrowed a pair from a classmate. After class, he ran in the hallway. “Don’t run here, Leo! It’s dangerous,” Tom stopped him. Leo felt confused. He said, “Rules are different in different places. It’s not easy to remember them all.” We made a rule list for him. Now he knows what to do and what not to do. 1．Who helps Leo learn the rules? A．His parents. B．The teachers only. C．Lily and her classmates. D．The librarian. 2．What did Leo want to do in the library? A．Talk loudly. B．Eat snacks. C．Run around. D．Sleep on the chair. 3．What’s the right order of places Leo went to? A．Classroom → Playground → Library → Hallway. B．Classroom → Library → Playground → Hallway. C．Library → Classroom → Hallway → Playground. D．Playground → Library → Classroom → Hallway. 4．The underlined word “confused” means “________” in Chinese. A．兴奋的 B．困惑的 C．愤怒的 D．平静的 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．My New Classmate B．Leo’s School Life C．Learning School Rules D．How to Be a Good Student 一、七选五 National parks are popular with visitors. However, many visitors break national park rules, which leads them to getting hurt. What’s more, the environment, animals, and park infrastructure (基础设施) often take the biggest hit. It doesn’t have to be this way! 1 Never be close to wildlife. 2 But the real problem isn’t that they’ll hurt you. While it’s always good to protect your personal safety in national parks, you will probably hurt the wildlife you are so curious about. Never ignore (忽视) signs. When you get into the park, you should keep your eyes on the road and pay attention to signs. 3 For example, don’t walk on the plants, keep pets off the camping ground, and keep away from the water. 4 National parks still have a lot of undeveloped places. That’s why it’s important to always be prepared. You should bring food and water with you. Even if it’s a sunny, warm day, don’t forget to bring clothes. Never leave anything. National parks are shared spaces for all to enjoy. Don’t leave empty bottles or food packaging (包装) in your camping area. These things may hurt animals. 5 National parks protect wildlife and forests. It’s our duty to follow the rules and protect national parks. A．Never come unprepared. B．Never visit undeveloped places. C．Do bring a bag to pack your waste. D．There are a lot of signs to tell people some basic rules. E．Everyone is interested in visiting national parks. F．You can make national parks better if you follow the rules. G．Although wild animals look very cute, they are very dangerous. 二、选词填空 从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空。 also     allow     simple     somewhere     do     safety wall     follow     smoke     without     they     teach Many families find it useful to write down some rules about what family members are expected to do. Every family member should know what is or isn’t 1 . The rules can be stuck on the fridge. In that way, younger children can have a chance to read 2 . Rules are also helpful to teenagers. Instead of sticking the rules on the fridge, it’s a good idea to keep them 3 a little more private. For example, teenagers can stick the rules on the 4 of their bedrooms. When to Start Making Rules You can manage to make 5 rules as soon as your child has the language skills to understand them. Young children will need parents’ support 6 rules. They need help to understand and remember rules. You can give your child a hug if he or she 7 well. Teenagers and Rules Rules about 8 are helpful to teenagers. Many people think teenagers should not be allowed to stay out late. Besides, 9 a driver’s license, teenagers should not drive a car. Rules about health are 10 very necessary. For example, teenagers shouldn’t smoke. It is bad for their health. ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Play by the rules? 课时3 Understanding ideas(Grammar) 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 05思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 动词不定式作目的状语 不定式作目的状语，可放在句首或句末。 to 表示目的、为了。 如： To learn math well, you must do more exercises. 为了学好数学，你必须多做练习。 We came here to ask you for help. 我们来这是为了向你寻求帮助。 为了使表达更加清楚或对目的加以强调，还可以用 in order to do sth . 或 so as to do sth . 作目的状语。需要注意的是， so as to 引导的不定式短语不能位于句首 。 In order to raise money and protect wild animals , I held a singing competition. = I held a singing competition in order to raise money and protect wild animals . 为了筹款保护野生动物， 我举办 了一个歌唱比赛。 We went early so as to get good seats . 为了占到好座位，我们早早就去了。 ) 一、单项选择 1．________ our students healthy, military training (军训) has become a tradition in China. A．Making B．Makes C．Make D．To make 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了使我们的学生身体健康，军训在中国已经成为一个传统。 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处是在描述军训的目的是为了使学生身体健康，所以应该用动词不定式To make作目的状语。故选D。 2．Teachers will do all they can ________ students develop good learning habits from an early age. A．help B．to help C．helping 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老师们会尽他们所能来帮助学生从小培养良好的学习习惯。 考查不定式作目的状语。句中“do all they can”是固定结构，意为“尽他们所能”，此处需用不定式“to help”作目的状语，表“尽所能去做的事情”，B项符合。故选B。 3．We students always do morning exercises every day at school ________ healthy. A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．keeps 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学生每天在学校做早操是为了保持健康。 考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构，主语“We students”和谓语“do morning exercises”已经构成完整句子，因此后面的动词“keep”应用非谓语形式。此处表示做早操的目的，应用动词不定式“to keep”作目的状语。故选B。 4．________ teenagers’ eyesight, experts advise them to stay away from electronic products. A．Protect B．To protect C．Protecting D．Protects 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了保护青少年的视力，专家建议他们远离电子产品。 考查非谓语动词。Protect动词原形；To protect动词不定式；Protecting动名词/现在分词；Protects第三人称单数形式。根据“…teenagers’ eyesight, experts advise them to stay away from electronic products.”可知，此处用动词不定式To protect表目的，说明专家建议的目的是保护青少年视力，符合语境。故选B。 5．Chinese parents always try their best ________ a good education environment for their kids. A．provide B．to provide C．providing D．to providing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国父母总是尽力为他们的孩子提供一个良好的教育环境。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Chinese parents always try their best…a good education environment for their kids.”可知，此处指的是尽最大的努力做某事，其英文表达为“try one’s best to do sth.”，固定短语。故选B。 6．We are expected to check the papers carefully before handing them in ________ some careless mistakes. A．making B．to make C．to avoid D．avoiding 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们被期望在交卷之前仔细检查试卷，以避免一些粗心的错误。 考查非谓语动词及动词辨析。making制作，动名词或现在分词形式；to make制作，动词不定式；to avoid避免，动词不定式；avoiding避免，动名词或现在分词形式。根据语境可知，此处表示的是检查试卷的目的是为了避免犯错，所以应该用动词不定式表示目的，所以用to avoid。故选C。 7．________ people not to smoke in public places, lots of signs are hung on the wall. A．Reminding B．To remind C．Remind D．Reminded 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了提醒人们不要在公共场所吸烟，墙上挂了很多标志。 考查动词不定式作目的状语。根据“lots of signs are hung on the wall”可知，此处表示悬挂标志的目的，所以应用动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。 8．China sets up a national nature reserve ________ after Huangyan Island. A．look B．looked C．to look D．looks 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中国设立了一个国家自然保护区来照料黄岩岛。 考查非谓语动词。look看，原形；looked看了，过去式；to look看，不定式；looks看，第三人称单数。根据“China sets up a national nature reserve…after Huangyan Island.”可知，此处需要一个非谓语动词短语来作目的状语，说明建立自然保护区的目的是为了照料黄岩岛。动词不定式to do作目的状语。故选C。 9．We can use social media ________ Chinese culture to the world. A．spread B．to spread C．spreading 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们可以使用社交媒体向世界传播中国文化。 考查动词辨析。use sth to do sth表示“使用某物来做某事”，to do为不定式作目的状语。故选B。 10．—What else do you think we should pay attention to ________ our environment? —We can use as much clean energy as we can. A．improving B．improve C．to improving D．to improve 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你认为我们还应该注意什么来改善我们的环境？——我们可以尽可能多地使用清洁能源。 考查非谓语动词。“What else”在此处作to后的宾语，“改善环境”是目的，用动词不定式to improve作目的状语。故选D。 11．— Hi! Alice, why are you in such a hurry? —________ my best friend from Canada at the airport. A．Meet B．To meet C．Meeting D．Met 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——嗨！爱丽丝，你为什么这么匆忙？——要去机场见我来自加拿大的最好的朋友。 考查动词不定式作目的状语。根据题干中“why are you in such a hurry”可知，此处回答的是匆忙的原因，用动词不定式“to meet”表示目的。故选B。 12．________ get lost in the forest, we’d better take a compass (指南针) with us. A．In order to B．Don’t in order to C．In order not to D．In order to not 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了不在森林里迷路，我们最好随身带一个指南针。 考查动词不定式的否定式。In order to do sth.为了做某事”，其否定形式是In order not to do sth.为了不做某事。根据“we’d better take a compass (指南针) with us”可知，此处应表示带指南针是为了不迷路。故选C。 13．In order ________ the meeting on time, she took a taxi yesterday. A．to get to B．getting to C．arriving at D．to arrive in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了准时到达会场，她昨天坐了出租车。 考查动词短语和非谓语动词。get to到达；arrive at到达（其后接小地点）；arrive in到达（其后接大地点）。根据短语in order to do sth.“为了做某事”，可排除选项B、C；空后的“the meeting”表示小地点，所以排除选项D。故选A。 14．In order ______ for the competition, my sister forced (迫使) herself to get up early. A．not to be late B．not being late C．to be late D．being late 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了竞赛不迟到，我姐姐强迫她自己早起。 考查动词不定式的否定式。根据“In order...for the competition, my sister forced herself to get up early.”可知，姐姐强迫自己早起是为了竞赛不迟到。be late for“迟到”，固定搭配；in order (not) to do sth.“为了（不）做某事”，固定搭配。故选A。 15．He got up at 6:00 am in order to catch up with the train on time. A．because of B．so as to C．so that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他早上6点起床，为的是按时赶上火车。 考查短语辨析。in order to为了；because of因为；so as to为了；so that为的是，以至于，后面跟从句。原句in order to与so as to同义，后面都跟动词原形。故选B。 一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1．Before making a decision, you need to think about all the possible results carefully (avoid) making mistakes. 【答案】to avoid 【详解】句意：在做决定之前，你需要仔细考虑所有可能的结果，以避免犯错。avoid “避免”，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了避免犯错”。故填to avoid。 2．We clean our classroom carefully every day in order (create) a good learning environment. 【答案】to create 【详解】句意：我们每天认真打扫教室，以便创造一个良好的学习环境。create “创造”，in order to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为“为了做某事”，因此填动词不定式。故填to create。 3．—The dog hasn’t eaten anything since yesterday. —Maybe it’s not feeling well. Let’s take it to the vet (see) what’s wrong. 【答案】to see 【详解】句意：——从昨天起这只狗就没吃过任何东西。——也许它感觉不舒服。我们带它去看兽医，看看它怎么了。分析句子结构可知，此处“take it to the vet”的目的是“看看它怎么了”，see“看”，动词，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 4．We put up signs in the park so as (ask) people to keep the environment clean. 【答案】to ask 【详解】句意：我们在公园里张贴标识，以便要求人们保持环境干净。“so as”后常接动词不定式，构成“so as to do sth.”结构，表示“以便做某事；为了做某事”，其目的是说明做前面一件事的意图或目的。在本句中，“so as to ask people to keep the environment clean”就是“put up signs in the park（在公园里张贴标识）”的目的。故填to ask。 5．Scientists have great responsibility to use their knowledge (make) the world a better place. 【答案】to make 【详解】句意：科学家有重大责任去运用他们的知识，以使世界成为一个更好的地方。根据”Scientists have great responsibility to use their knowledge…the world a better place”及英文提示可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作状语，即to make。故填to make。 6．In China, we always have different activities (celebrate) different festivals. 【答案】to celebrate 【详解】句意：在中国，我们总是有不同的活动来庆祝不同的节日。根据题干可知，举办活动是为了庆祝节日，所以此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，空格处应填动词不定式to celebrate。故填to celebrate。 7．Mr. Lee is an animal lover. He does everything he can (protect) animals. 【答案】to protect 【详解】句意：李先生是一位动物爱好者。他做了一切他能做的事情去保护动物。此处表示做了一切他能做的事情的目的是保护动物，空处填动词不定式表示目的。protect“保护”，动词，不定式为to protect。故填to protect。 8． (produce) less garbage, I bring my lunch in reusable bags. 【答案】To produce 【详解】句意：为了减少垃圾产生，我把午餐装在可重复使用的袋子里。produce“产生，引起”，根据“less garbage”可知，此处用不定式作目的状语，故填To produce。 9．You can join the environmental club (learn) more about the environment. 【答案】to learn 【详解】句意：你可以加入环保俱乐部来更多地了解环境。结合句意可知，“join the environmental club”的目的是“learn more about the environment”，这里需要用动词不定式“to do”形式来表目的，即“to learn”，故填to learn。 10．The car uses green energy (move), so it is friendly to the environment. 【答案】to move 【详解】句意：这辆汽车使用绿色能源行驶，因此它对环境友好。根据短语use sth. to do sth.“使用某物做某事”可知，空格处应填动词不定式to move。故填to move。 11．Life is like a story. You’d better improve yourself all the time (make) your story wonderful. 【答案】to make 【详解】句意：生活就像一个故事。为了让你的故事精彩，你最好一直提高自己。“You’d better improve yourself all the time”的目的是为了让你的故事精彩，用动词make“使，让”的不定式形式作目的状语。故填to make。 12． (keep) your brain in good condition, you need to use it. 【答案】To keep 【详解】句意：为了保持大脑处于良好状态，你需要使用它。空处在句中作目的状语，用不定式形式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填To keep。 13．I went to the park (exercise). 【答案】to exercise 【详解】句意：我去公园锻炼。此处用动词不定式“to exercise”作目的状语，表示去公园的目的是锻炼。故填to exercise。 14． (get) fit, you need to exercise more and eat less. 【答案】To get 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，你需要多锻炼、少吃饭。根据“fit, you need to exercise more and eat less.”可知，应是为了保持健康，需要多锻炼、少吃饭，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To get。 15．We should make full use of time (learn) English. 【答案】to learn 【详解】句意：我们应该充分利用时间来学习英语。make full use of time表示“充分利用时间”，其目的是为了“学习英语”，这里要用“learn的不定式形式作目的状语。故填to learn。 一、语法选择 In Australia, junior high school rules are a bit different 1 those in China. Let’s take a look at some 2 examples. First, about uniforms. In many Chinese schools, students must wear uniforms every day. But in Australia, some schools only ask students 3 a jacket or a shirt with the school logo. They can choose 4 own pants or skirts. However, they still need to look tidy—no untidy clothes are allowed. Next, about 5 at school. In China, teachers tell students to arrive on time and not to be late for class. Australia is the same, but they have a special rule: 6 a student is absent, the parents must call the school to tell why. No one can be absent from school without a good reason. Then, about classroom manners (礼仪). In Chinese classes, students usually sit 7 and raise hands to speak. In Australia, classes are more playful, but there’s one important rule: Respect others. You can’t talk 8 when someone else is speaking. Also, don’t jump the queue when lining up (排队) for lunch or activities—that’s not polite. After school, many Australian students like to hang out with friends in the school hallway. But they mustn’t make 9 noise or litter. 10 the school clean and quiet is everyone’s job. Do you think these Australian rules are interesting? 1．A．from B．of C．for 2．A．interest B．interesting C．interested 3．A．wear B．to wear C．wearing 4．A．they B．them C．their 5．A．arrives B．arrive C．arriving 6．A．If B．What C．Because 7．A．quietly B．quiet C．quieter 8．A．loudest B．loudness C．loudly 9．A．too much B．too many C．much too 10．A．Keep B．Keeping C．Keeps 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了澳大利亚初中与中国初中在学校规则上的差异。 1．句意：在澳大利亚，初中的规则和中国有点不同。 from来自；of属于……的；for为了。be different from“与……不同”。故选A。 2．句意：让我们来看看一些有趣的例子。 interest兴趣（名词）；interesting有趣的（可以修饰人和物）；interested感兴趣的（修饰人）。根据“Let’s take a look at some...examples.”可知，空处用于修饰名词examples，即修饰物，所以interesting符合语境。故选B。 3．句意：但是在澳大利亚，一些学校只要求学生穿有学校标志的夹克或衬衫。 wear穿（动词原形）；to wear穿（动词不定式）；wearing穿（动名词形式）。根据短语ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”可知，空处应选动词不定式to wear。故选B。 4．句意：他们可以选择自己的裤子或裙子。 they他们（人称代词的主格）；them他们（人称代词的宾格）；their他们的（形容词性物主代词）。根据短语one’s own“某人自己的”可知，形容词性物主代词their符合语境。故选C。 5．句意：接下来，关于到校。 arrives到达（动词第三人称单数形式）；arrive到达（动词原形）；arriving到达（动词-ing形式）。空前的about是介词，其后接动词-ing形式。故选C。 6．句意：如果学生缺席，家长必须打电话给学校说明原因。 If如果；What什么；Because因为。根据“...a student is absent, the parents must call the school to tell why.”可知，前句是后句的条件，所以应用If引导此条件状语从句。故选A。 7．句意：在中国课堂上，学生通常安静地坐着，举手发言。 quietly安静地（副词原级）；quiet安静的（形容词原级）；quieter更安静的（形容词比较级）。根据“students usually sit...”可知，空处应选副词quietly，用于修饰动词sit。故选A。 8．句意：别人说话时，你不能大声说话。 loudest最大声的（形容词最高级）；loudness响度（名词）；loudly大声地（副词）。根据“You can’t talk...when someone else is speaking.”可知，空处应选副词loudly，用于修饰动词talk。故选C。 9．句意：但是他们不能制造太多的噪音或乱扔垃圾。 too much太多（修饰不可数名词）；too many太多（修饰可数名词的复数形式）；much too太（修饰形容词）。根据“they mustn’t make...noise”可知，空处应选too much修饰不可数名词noise。故选A。 10．句意：保持学校干净和安静是每个人的职责。 Keep保持（动词原形）；Keeping保持（动名词形式）；Keeps保持（动词第三人称单数形式）。根据“...the school clean and quiet is everyone’s job.”可知，此处应用动名词短语作主语，所以Keeping符合语境。故选B。 二、阅读理解 I’m Lily. A new student named Leo came to our class last week. He is from another country and doesn’t know our school rules. Our teacher asked us to help him learn the rules. We teach him how to behave in class, in the library and on the playground. In the library, Leo wanted to talk with me loudly. “No, Leo! We must be quiet in the library,” I said. He nodded and kept silent. Then he wanted to take a book home without asking the librarian. “Wait, Leo! We need to borrow books first,” our monitor Tom told him. In the P.E. class, Leo didn’t wear sports shoes. “Leo, we must wear sports shoes for P.E. class,” the P.E. teacher said. He felt sorry and borrowed a pair from a classmate. After class, he ran in the hallway. “Don’t run here, Leo! It’s dangerous,” Tom stopped him. Leo felt confused. He said, “Rules are different in different places. It’s not easy to remember them all.” We made a rule list for him. Now he knows what to do and what not to do. 1．Who helps Leo learn the rules? A．His parents. B．The teachers only. C．Lily and her classmates. D．The librarian. 2．What did Leo want to do in the library? A．Talk loudly. B．Eat snacks. C．Run around. D．Sleep on the chair. 3．What’s the right order of places Leo went to? A．Classroom → Playground → Library → Hallway. B．Classroom → Library → Playground → Hallway. C．Library → Classroom → Hallway → Playground. D．Playground → Library → Classroom → Hallway. 4．The underlined word “confused” means “________” in Chinese. A．兴奋的 B．困惑的 C．愤怒的 D．平静的 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．My New Classmate B．Leo’s School Life C．Learning School Rules D．How to Be a Good Student 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述Lily和同学们帮助新同学Leo学习图书馆、体育课和走廊等不同场合的学校规则的故事，说明了规则因场合而异，并体现了同学间的互助精神。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Our teacher asked us to help him learn the rules. We teach him...”可知，老师让“我们” (即Lily和她的同学们) 帮助Leo，后文也具体提到了Lily和班长Tom帮助Leo的例子；因此，Lily和她的同学们帮助Leo学习规则。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the library, Leo wanted to talk with me loudly.”可知，Leo在图书馆想做的事是“大声说话”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。按短文时间顺序梳理Leo去过的场所：根据第一段“A new student named Leo came to our class last week.”可知，他首先到的是Classroom“教室”；根据第二段“In the library, Leo wanted to talk with me loudly.”可知，然后他到了Library“图书馆”；根据第三段“In the P.E. class...”可知，体育课通常在Playground“操场”上进行，故接下来他来到了操场；再根据第三段“After class, he ran in the hallway.”可知，课后，他在走廊里跑，他最后去的地方是Hallway“走廊”；对比选项，只有选项B符合该顺序，其余选项均混淆场所先后，故排除。故选B。 4．词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Rules are different in different places. It’s not easy to remember them all.”可知，Leo认为，不同地方规则不同，全记住不容易；据此可以推断，他因为规则太多太杂而搞不清楚状况，所以感到“困惑”；因此划线单词“confused”意为“困惑的”。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。综合全文可知，本文围绕新同学Leo“不了解学校规则”展开，从老师安排帮助、到在不同场景中同学们纠正其违规行为、再到同学们制作规则清单帮助Leo记忆，全程核心主题是“学习学校规则”；选项C“学习校规”准确概括了文章的核心内容，适合作为文章的标题。故选C。 一、七选五 National parks are popular with visitors. However, many visitors break national park rules, which leads them to getting hurt. What’s more, the environment, animals, and park infrastructure (基础设施) often take the biggest hit. It doesn’t have to be this way! 1 Never be close to wildlife. 2 But the real problem isn’t that they’ll hurt you. While it’s always good to protect your personal safety in national parks, you will probably hurt the wildlife you are so curious about. Never ignore (忽视) signs. When you get into the park, you should keep your eyes on the road and pay attention to signs. 3 For example, don’t walk on the plants, keep pets off the camping ground, and keep away from the water. 4 National parks still have a lot of undeveloped places. That’s why it’s important to always be prepared. You should bring food and water with you. Even if it’s a sunny, warm day, don’t forget to bring clothes. Never leave anything. National parks are shared spaces for all to enjoy. Don’t leave empty bottles or food packaging (包装) in your camping area. These things may hurt animals. 5 National parks protect wildlife and forests. It’s our duty to follow the rules and protect national parks. A．Never come unprepared. B．Never visit undeveloped places. C．Do bring a bag to pack your waste. D．There are a lot of signs to tell people some basic rules. E．Everyone is interested in visiting national parks. F．You can make national parks better if you follow the rules. G．Although wild animals look very cute, they are very dangerous. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲了国家公园虽受游客欢迎，但许多游客违反规则带来不良影响，并给出了遵循规则的具体建议。 1．根据“What’s more, the environment, animals, and park infrastructure (基础设施) often take the biggest hit. It doesn’t have to be this way!”以及下文的介绍可知，此处应是指出人们要遵守规则，选项F“如果你遵守规则，你可以让国家公园变得更好。”符合语境。故选F。 2．根据“Never be close to wildlife.”可知，此处应是说不要靠近野生动物的原因，选项G“虽然野生动物看起来很可爱，但它们非常危险。”符合语境。故选G。 3．根据“Never ignore (忽视) signs. When you get into the park, you should keep your eyes on the road and pay attention to signs.”可知，此处与公园内的标志有关，选项D“有很多标志告诉人们一些基本规则。”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“National parks still have a lot of undeveloped places. That’s why it’s important to always be prepared.”可知，此处指去公园之前应准备妥当，选项A“永远不要毫无准备地来。”符合语境。故选A。 5．根据“Don’t leave empty bottles or food packaging (包装) in your camping area. These things may hurt animals.”可知，此处与如何处理垃圾相关，选项C“一定要带个袋子来装你的垃圾。”符合语境。故选C。 二、选词填空 从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空。 also     allow     simple     somewhere     do     safety wall     follow     smoke     without     they     teach Many families find it useful to write down some rules about what family members are expected to do. Every family member should know what is or isn’t 1 . The rules can be stuck on the fridge. In that way, younger children can have a chance to read 2 . Rules are also helpful to teenagers. Instead of sticking the rules on the fridge, it’s a good idea to keep them 3 a little more private. For example, teenagers can stick the rules on the 4 of their bedrooms. When to Start Making Rules You can manage to make 5 rules as soon as your child has the language skills to understand them. Young children will need parents’ support 6 rules. They need help to understand and remember rules. You can give your child a hug if he or she 7 well. Teenagers and Rules Rules about 8 are helpful to teenagers. Many people think teenagers should not be allowed to stay out late. Besides, 9 a driver’s license, teenagers should not drive a car. Rules about health are 10 very necessary. For example, teenagers shouldn’t smoke. It is bad for their health. 【答案】 1．allowed 2．them 3．somewhere 4．walls 5．simple 6．to follow 7．does 8．safety 9．without 10．also 【导语】本文介绍了制定家庭制度的重要性和时间等信息。 1．句意：每个家庭成员都应该知道什么是被允许的，什么是不被允许的。根据“write down some rules about what family members are expected to do.”及备选词可知，是指应该知道什么是被允许的，什么是不被允许的，allow“允许”，此处是被动语态，空处用动词过去分词。故填allowed。 2．句意：那样，年幼的孩子就有机会阅读它们。此处指代前文的rules，且作动词read的宾语，用宾格代词them。故填them。 3．句意：而不是把这些规则贴在冰箱上，把它们放在一个更私密一点的地方是个好主意。根据“keep them ... a little more private”可知，是指更私密一点的地方，somewhere“某地”符合语境。故填somewhere。 4．句意：例如，青少年可以把规则贴在卧室的墙上。根据“stick the rules on the ... of their bedrooms.”及备选词可知，是指把规则贴在卧室的墙上，wall“墙”，结合“their bedrooms”可知，用名词复数。故填walls。 5．句意：你的孩子一有语言技能来理解它们，你就可以设法制定简单的规则。根据“as soon as your child has the language skills to understand them.”及备选词可知，是指制定简单的规则，用simple“简单的”，作定语。故填simple。 6．句意：年幼的孩子将会需要父母的支持才能遵守规则。根据“rules”可知，是指遵守规则，follow“遵守”，need sth to do sth“需要某物来做某事”。故填to follow。 7．句意：如果你的孩子做得好，你可以给他或她一个拥抱。根据“You can give your child a hug”及备选词可知，是指孩子做得好，do well“做得好”，主语he or she是第三人称单数，且此句包含if引导的条件状语从句，主句中含有情态动词can，从句的时态为一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数。故填does。 8．句意：有关安全的规则对青少年来说很有用。根据“Many people think teenagers should not be allowed to stay out late”可知，这里指关于安全的规则，safety“安全”，为不可数名词。故填safety。 9．句意：此外，没有驾照，青少年不应该开车。根据“a driver’s license, teenagers should not drive a car.”可知，是指没有驾照，青少年不应该开车，介词without“没有”符合。故填without。 10．句意：关于健康的规则也是非常必要的。根据“For example, teenagers shouldn’t smoke. It is bad for their health.”及备选词可知，是指关于健康的规则也是必要的，肯定句中用also表示“也”。故填also。 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $