选择性必修第三册 UNIT 4 Protecting our heritage sites-【优学精研】2026年高考英语一轮总复习教用word（译林版）

该高中英语讲义围绕“文化遗产保护”主题，系统覆盖高考核心词汇、功能句型、阅读策略及写作应用等考点，按“词汇分类-词块整合-句型仿写-语篇实战”逻辑架构知识点，通过考点梳理、方法指导、真题训练（含2022新高考Ⅰ卷阅读解析）等环节，帮助学生构建完整知识网络，突破复习难点。 资料突出核心素养导向，融合语言能力（如“一词多义/熟词生义”词汇训练）、文化意识（遗产保护主题渗透）与思维品质（真题推理判断题型分析），设计“单句翻译-组段成篇”写作训练及分层练习（基础巩固/能力提升），确保高效复习，助力学生提升应考能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

UNIT 4　Protecting our heritage sites 阅读词汇明义 快速一览 1.heritage n.遗产 2.sculpture n.雕像，雕塑品；雕刻术 3.missile n.导弹 4.suspend vt.暂停；悬，挂 5.internal adj.内部的；国内的 6.agenda n.计划，方案；议程表，议事日程 7.panel n.专家咨询组，讨论小组；嵌板；仪表盘 8.splendour （AmE splendor）n.壮丽，雄伟 9.primitive adj.简陋的，落后的；原始的，远古的 10.string n.一批，一连串，一系列；线；弦 11.initiative n.倡议，新方案；主动性 12.clay n.黏土，陶土 13.pyramid n.金字塔 14.status n.身份，地位；状况，情形 15.coral n.珊瑚adj.珊瑚色的 16.corridor n.走廊，地带；通道 17.reef n.礁，礁脉 教材例句 18.（外研选必三）Their designs were admirable， varying from grand buildings to public works， such as roads and dams. n.水坝 19.（北师大选必二）He is not seeing the obvious， but is just going through the motions without thinking. n.提议，动议；运动；动作 20.（外研选必二）Even after Macquarie Island became an official nature reserve in the 1970s， the rabbits remained out of control. n.自然保护区 写作词汇运用 词块记忆 1.preserve traditional skills保留传统技艺 2.in some conflict areas 在一些冲突地区 3.gain entry into the civil service 踏入仕途 4.Earth’s ecology 地球生态 5.knock the nail into the wall把钉子钉进墙里 6.a Canadian specialist一位加拿大专家 7.collapse in the street 昏倒在大街上 8.have disastrous outcomes有灾难性的后果 9.an isolated incident个别事件 10.weather forecast天气预报 11.take a vote 投票表决 12.the splendours of Shanghai上海的壮丽景色 13.the Yangtze River Basin长江流域 14.intense competition激烈的竞争 15.primitive ideas陈旧的观点 16.humble attitude谦逊的态度 17.pursue a career in science or medicine从事科学或医学职业 18.the entrance to the cave 山洞的入口 19.a white cotton shirt一件白色棉质衬衫 20.ban smoking inside the schoolyard禁止校内吸烟 21.doctor’s/lawyer’s fees医生诊费/律师费 22.The Grand Canal from Beijing to Hangzhou京杭大运河 23.near the equator 位于赤道附近 24.require urgent attention需要紧急处理 25.represent a milestone in history代表历史上的一个里程碑 26.higher than elsewhere比其他地方高 27.emerge in France在法国出现 语境记忆 28. ruin vt.破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭 n.毁坏，毁灭；破产；残垣断壁 ①ruin our trip 破坏我们的旅行 ②be trapped in the ruins被困在废墟中 29.submit vt.& vi.提交（present），呈递；屈服（give in） ①refuse to submit to threats拒绝向威胁屈服 ②submit the proposal提交建议 30.awe vt.使惊叹，使敬畏 n.敬畏，惊叹 Throughout the event， I was struck and awed by the incredible variety of plants that exist in our world. 在整个活动中，我被我们世界上存在的各种各样的植物所震撼和敬畏。 31.showcase n.展示的场合；玻璃柜台 Then， projects like the Belt and Road Initiative make a good topic to discuss because it showcases China’s determination to build a shared future with the world.然后，像“一带一路”倡议这样的项目成为一个很好的讨论话题，因为它展示了中国与世界共建共享未来的决心。 派生词汇识记 1.civilization n.文明；社会文明；文明社会，文明世界→civilize vt.使文明；开化；教化；使有教养 2.incredible adj.极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的→incredibly adv.令人难以置信地 3.violent adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，强烈的→violently adv.强烈地，激烈地→violence n.暴力，暴行；狂热，激情 4.assess vt.评估，评定；估算→assessment n.评定，评估 5.ecology n.生态，生态学→ecological adj.生态的，生态学的→ecologist n.生态学家 6.consultation n.咨询，商讨；就诊→consult v.咨询；请教；商量；查阅→consultant n.顾问，咨询师 7.division n.分歧；分开，分隔→divide v.分割；划分；分配 8.architect n.建筑师；设计师→architecture n.建筑学；建筑设计 9.cooperation n.合作，协作；协助，配合→cooperate vi.合作；配合；协力 10.operator n.操作人员，技工；接线员→operate v.工作；运转；动手术→operation n.手术；运转 11.interrupt vt.打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断 vi.打扰，插嘴→interruption n.打扰，插嘴 12.conservation n.保护；保持→conserve vt.保护；保存 13.assign vt.指定，指派；分配；确定→assignment n.分配；任务 14.wool n.毛织物；羊毛→woollen adj.毛纺的；羊毛的 15.expansion n.扩展，扩大，膨胀→expand v.扩展，扩大，增加 1. 盘点来自动词短语的合成名词 ①come out→outcome 结果 ②break through→breakthrough 突破 ③come in→income 收入 ④break out→outbreak 爆发 ⑤make up→make-up 化妆品 2.汇集“学科”词汇 ①biology 生物学 ②ecology 生态学 ③geology 地质学 ④psychology 心理学 ⑤physiology 生理学 3.on相关短语排排站 ①on time 准时，按时 ②on purpose 故意地 ③on the contrary 正相反 ④on duty 值班；当值 ⑤on vacation 在度假中 1.wear down　　（使）磨损，（使）逐渐磨平 2.wear and tear　　（正常使用造成的）磨损，损耗 3.be bound to　　一定；很有可能，肯定会 4.lead to　　导致；通向 5.break out　　爆发 6.give rise to　　造成；引起；导致 7.on purpose　　故意地 8.belong to　　属于 9.at risk　　有危险；冒风险 10.in ruins　　处于废墟中 11.in times of　　在……的时刻；在……的时期 12.raise awareness of　　提高对……的认识；增强对……的意识 13.contribute to　　导致；促使；是……的原因 14.take shape　　成形，有了模样 15.a great deal of　　许多，大量 16.serve as　　充当…… 17.for the benefit of　　为了……的利益 18.serve as a bridge for cultural exchange　　充当文化交流的桥梁 19.be fascinated by human civilization　　被人类文明吸引 20.cause a great deal of damage　　造成巨大破坏 21.natural disasters　　自然灾害，自然灾难 22.the long-term consequences　　长期后果 23.irreparable destruction　　不可挽回的破坏 24.natural ecology　　自然生态 25.a joint responsibility　　共同的责任 1.句式：if引导的条件状语从句的省略 原句：If so， you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind. 如果是这样，你们也许已经明白为什么联合国教科文组织正在竭力保护对人类具有文化和自然重要性的遗址。 2.句式：where引导定语从句 原句：In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out， fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose. 在一些经常爆发内战的冲突地区，战士们甚至会故意毁坏遗产地。 3.句式：the＋比较级 ...， the＋比较级 ... 原句：The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites， the more likely we are to treat them with respect. 我们越明白遗产地突出的普遍价值，就越可能会尊重它们。 4.句式：过去分词短语作状语 原句：Assigned by the emperor， the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang’an to Central Asia， seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. 特使张骞受皇帝之命从长安前往中亚，试图在汉朝和西域之间架起一座桥梁。 　　Last weekend， I participated in a “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” activity organised by the Students’ Union. The activity began with a lecture given by a specialist in ecology， who introduced to us the different characteristics and uses of various plant species.We then went on a natural walk to observe and collect samples of different primitive plants with awe and wonder.Throughout the event， I was struck by the incredible variety of plants that exist in our world and learned about plants that are used for medical purposes， as well as those that provide food and shelter for animals.I also gained a greater appreciation for the role that plants play in preserving the balance of ecosystem.Overall， it was a valuable and enriching experience. （一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快 阅读单词知意 请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。 □1.heritage n.遗产 □2.pyramid n.金字塔 □3.clay n.黏土，陶土 □4.sculpture n.雕像，雕塑品；雕刻术 □5.missile n.导弹 □6.status n.身份，地位；状况，情形 □7.internal adj.内部的；国内的 □8.reef n.礁，礁脉 □9.coral n.珊瑚 adj.珊瑚色的 □10.agenda n.计划，方案；议程表，议事日程 □11.panel n.专家咨询组，讨论小组；嵌板；仪表盘 □12.suspend vt.暂停；悬，挂 □13.dam n.水坝 □14.motion n.提议，动议；运动；动作 □15.splendour （AmE splendor）n.壮丽，雄伟 □16.reserve n.自然保护区；储备 vt.预订；保留；预留 □17.primitive adj.简陋的，落后的；原始的，远古的 □18.corridor n.走廊，地带；通道 □19.string n.一批，一连串，一系列；线；弦 □20.initiative n.倡议，新方案；主动性 核心单词练通 1.　awe　 vt.使惊叹，使敬畏 n.敬畏，惊叹 2.　 urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的 3.　ruin　 vt.破坏；毁坏，使破产 n.毁坏，毁灭；破产；残恒断壁 4.　civil　 adj.国民的；国家的；民事的 5.　nail　 n.钉子；指甲vt.固定 6.　specialist　 n.专家；专科医生adj.专业的 7.　collapse　 vi.倒塌，坍塌；昏倒n.昏倒；倒塌 8.　incident　 n.事件；冲突 9.　canal　 n.运河 10.　basin　 n.盆地；洗脸盆；盆；流域 11.　submit　 vt.& vi.提交，呈递；屈服 12.　wool　 n.毛织物；羊毛 13.　cotton　 n.棉织物；棉，棉花 14.　cave　 n.山洞，洞穴 15.　milestone　 n.重要阶段，里程碑 16.　equator n.赤道 17.　 showcase　 n.展示的场合；玻璃柜台 18.　entry　 n.进入；参与，加入；参赛 19.　fee　 n.费；报酬 核心单词练通 单词拼写 1.（2024·北京卷）When I decided to 　pursue　 （致力于） a postgraduate degree， I wanted to develop a novel research programme and quickly establish myself as an independent scientist. 2.Firstly， shared bicycles have 　emerged　 （出现） as a symbol of urban mobility， offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips. 3.（北师大选必四）Fleming remained 　humble　 （谦虚的） about the amazing outcome of his discovery. 4.（人教选必一）Though the Sami are allowed to continue their traditional way of life in the park， no one else can live here， and all new development is 　banned　 （明令禁止） within park boundaries. 5.This new generation of artisans will not only help 　preserve　 （保存） traditional skills； the innovation they bring to the craft will also ensure that the art of clock repairing stands the test of time. 6.Temperatures of our city were 　forecast　 （预报） to reach 40 ℃ in the coming week. 7.The police have attempted to find a peaceful solution to the several 　conflicts　 （矛盾） in the neighbourhood. 8.Your focus should be 　 elsewhere　 （在别处）， like improving yourself and reaching your goals. 9.We will listen to the arguments on both sides and then 　 vote　 （投票） on it. 10.Teenagers tend to do something without considering its outcome　 （结果） even if they may get hurt. 拓展单词用活 记全记牢 1.　ecology　 n.生态，生态学→　ecological　 adj.生态的，生态学的→　ecologist　 n.生态学家 2.　division　 n.分歧；分开，分隔→　divide　 vt.（使）分开；分配；除以；分隔；（使）产生分歧 3.　architect　 n.建筑师；设计师→　architecture　 n.建筑学；建筑式样；建筑风格；体系结构 4.　operator　 n.操作人员，技工；接线员→　operation　 n.手术；操作→　operate　 vt.操作 vi.动手术；运转；起作用；经营 5.　cooperation　 n.合作，协作；协助，配合→　cooperate　 vt.合作，协作；配合 6.　conservation　 n.保护；保持→　conserve　 vt.保护，保存；节约 7.　assign　 vt.指定，指派；分配；确定→　assignment　 n.分配；任务 用准用活 1.We were all surprised at his acts of 　violence.Maybe he was exposed to too many 　violent　 scenes in the films.（violent） 2.A few days ago， his house was 　assessed　 by the real estate company，and he was satisfied with the detailed 　assessment　 by the staff.（assess） 3.Education helps to spread 　civilization　， teach individuals， 　civilize　 people as well as promote human development in an all-around way.（civil） 4.The 　expansion　 of higher education should be a powerful force for change， so we should grasp the chance with the aim of 　expanding　 our knowledge.（expand） 5.There is an 　incredible　 theme park in the city centre， which is 　incredibly　 attractive.（incredible） 6.She often 　consults　 her colleagues and she intends to repackage herself as a business 　consultant　.（consult） 7.The girl 　interrupted　 her mother’s conversation abruptly， so she was scolded for her 　interruption　.（interrupt） （二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效 第一组 1.　wear down　 　　（使）磨损，（使）逐渐磨平 2.　wear and tear　 　　（正常使用造成的）磨损，损耗 3.　be bound to　 　　一定；很有可能，肯定会 4.　lead to　 　　导致；通向 5.　break out　 　　爆发 6.　give rise to　 　　造成；引起；导致 7.　on purpose　 　　故意地 8.　belong to　 　　属于 9.　at risk　 　　有危险；冒风险 第二组 1.　 in ruins　　　　　　处于废墟中 2.　in times of　　　在……的时刻；在……的时期 3.　raise awareness of　　　提高对……的认识；增强对……的意识 4.　contribute to　　　导致；促使；是……的原因 5.　take shape　 　　成形，有了模样 6.　a great deal of　　　许多，大量 7.　in addition to　 　　除……以外 8.　serve as　 　　充当…… 9.　for the benefit of　 　　为了……的利益 选用上面短语填空 1.（人教选必二）They have great facilities and outstanding professors， helping to educate young people who will 　contribute to　 the economy and further strengthen our country. 2.（北师大选必三）Cloning， however， continues to be an issue that causes 　a great deal of　 disagreement and provokes strong emotions. 3.Nobody can match your sheer willpower and persistence in 　 wearing down　 the opposition. 4.In 1912， women’s events were added，and the modern Olympic programme began to 　 take shape　. 5.I thought he had made this mistake 　on purpose　 because he wanted to make his manager angry. 6.I hope every nation in the world can take advantage of modern science and technology， using it 　 for the benefit of　 all mankind. 7.There are a couple of factors that 　 give rise to　 this problem， as the weather experts say. 8.The city lay 　in ruins　 after the earthquake.Now， rows of houses are being built. 9.The insurance policy does not cover damage caused by normal 　wear and tear　. （三）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高 句型公式 句式仿写 1.句型公式：if引导的条件状语从句的省略 教材原句：If so， you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind. 1.我要是记得她的地址就好了！如果那样，我很容易就能联系上她。 If only I remembered her address！　If so，I can get in touch with her easily　. 句型公式 句式仿写 2.句型公式：that引导同位语从句 教材原句：I have the belief that some of you have heard about UNESCO heritage sites or maybe even visited one！ 2.我们接受了他的建议，把全班分成三组。 We accepted his suggestion 　that the whole class should be divided into three groups　. 3.句型公式：with复合结构（with＋名词＋动词-ing形式） 教材原句：Following Zhang’s efforts， trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time， with the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire. 3.随着中国科学技术的持续发展，中国人的交通方式发生了天翻地覆的变化。 　With the continuous development of China’s science and technology　， Chinese people’s modes of transportation have undergone tremendous changes. Part Ⅰ　一维重点突破 　　In the last 30 years， many animals have died out because many wildlife reserves were destroyed.Thus， many new viruses have emerged recently.Some new diseases are even ruining people’s health.Moreover， normal work and life are being interrupted.If so， ❶it is particularly significant to ❷take effective measures to preserve the endangered animals.Try to keep any conflict between mankind and animals to a minimum.❸Only in this way can we live in harmony with animals on the Earth. 微技能热身 1.①处it是　形式主语　。 2.②处take measures to do sth意为“　采取措施做某事　”，此短语还可表达为　take steps/action to do sth　。 3.句③中“only＋状语”放在句首引起　部分倒装　，意为“　只有用这种方式，我们才能与地球上的动物和谐相处　”，这句话经常出现在环保方面的写作中。 reserve n.自然保护区；储备 vt.预订；预留；保留 【练通】 完成句子 ①We have some funds 　in reserve for　 emergencies. 我们有一些备用资金以应对紧急情况。 ②I 　reserved a table for two　 at the restaurant. 我在餐厅预订了一张两人用餐的桌子。 【写美】 翻译句子 这些座位是留给老年人和残疾人的。 ③　These seats are reserved for the elderly and the disabled.　 【归纳】 （1）reserve sth for sb/sth为某人/某物预约/保留某物 be reserved for　　留作，（专）供……之用 in reserve　　储备；备用 （2）reservation n.　　预订，预约；保留意见 without reservation　　无保留地，无条件地 make a reservation　　预订（房间、票）；预约 【佳句】 （人教必修二）The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Xizang. 该保护区是西藏西北部动植物的庇护所。 ruin vt.破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭 n.毁坏，毁灭；破产；残垣断壁 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①She went through a period of confusion after her company fell 　into　 ruin. 【写美】 句式升级 ②The constant rain caused serious floods， which left many houses lying in ruins. →The constant rain caused serious floods， 　leaving many houses lying in ruins　.（动词-ing形式作状语） 【归纳】 （1）ruin one’s health/fame　毁坏某人的健康/名誉 （2）in ruins 毁坏；严重受损；破败不堪 lie/be in ruins　　成为废墟 fall/go/come into/to ruin　　毁灭；败落 【佳句】 Its once-great cities fell into ruin， leaving various mysteries for later people to solve. 曾经恢宏的城市沦为废墟，留下各种谜团等待后人解开。 interrupt vt.打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断 vi.打扰，插嘴 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①（人教选必二）Chen Wei， a high school student in Beijing， had his dinner 　interrupted　 （interrupt） when he heard someone screaming from another table. ②The sudden 　interruption　 （interrupt） stopped Justin in mid-sentence and made him annoyed. 【写美】 完成句子 ③She has kept up physical training for several years 　without interruption　. 她连续几年坚持体育锻炼，从未间断过。 【归纳】 （1）be interrupted by　　　　　被……打断/阻断 （2）interruption n.　　打断；打岔；中止 without interruption　　连续地；不断地 an interruption to the power supply 停电 【佳句】 Saying “sorry” if we interrupt or disagree with someone also helps us to be polite. 如果我们打断别人说话或不同意别人的意见时说“对不起”也有助于我们做到有礼貌。 preserve vt.维护，保护，保存；维持 n.保护区 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①Penicillin has played an important role in preserving wounds 　from/against　 infection and subsequently saves millions of lives. ②Well before the arrival of freezers， there was a demand for ice for food 　preservation　 （preserve） and catering. 【写美】 完成句子 ③It is our duty to preserve the oceans 　from being polluted　.（倡议书） 保护海洋免受污染是我们的责任。 【归纳】 （1）preserve sb/sth from/against 　　　　　　　　　　保护某人/某物免受…… preserve sth＋形容词　　把某物保存得…… well preserved　　保护得很好 nature preserve　　自然保护区 （2）preservation n.　　保护，保存 【佳句】 Wherever I go in the future，I’ll make great efforts to preserve and enrich our own traditional culture.（传统文化） 将来无论我去哪里，我都会努力保护并丰富我们自己的传统文化。 conflict n.（军事）冲突，战斗；争论；矛盾，不一致 vi.冲突，抵触 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①However， as the school year progressed， Marissa’s outgoing personality began to conflict 　with　 my reserved nature. ②John often came 　into　 conflict with his boss in public， so he was fired. ③The new policy is 　in　 conflict with the interests of some employees. 【写美】 完成句子 ④　Conflict is an unavoidable part of campus life　， and my own journey has been no exception. 冲突是校园生活中不可避免的一部分，我自己的经历也不例外。 【归纳】 （1）come into conflict with　　与……争执/冲突 in conflict　　处于矛盾中 in conflict with　　与……冲突 resolve the conflict　　解决冲突 conflict of interest　　利益冲突 avoid conflict　　避免冲突 （2）conflict with　　与……抵触/冲突 【佳句】 She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career. 她发现自己在将来就业问题上与父母存在着分歧。 if引导的条件状语从句的省略 If so， you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind. 如果是这样，你们也许已经明白为什么联合国教科文组织正在竭力保护对人类具有文化和自然重要性的遗址。 【写美】 用if省略结构完成句子 ①The climate here is quite pleasant， the temperature rarely， 　if ever　， reaching 30 ℃ in summer. 这里的气候十分宜人，夏天温度极少达到30摄氏度，甚至从未达到过。 ②Wash it in water and pick out the small particles， 　if any　. 在水里洗一下，如果有小颗粒的话挑出来。 ③Work hard to pursue your dream.　If not　， you will regret sooner or later. 努力去追求你的梦想。否则，你迟早会后悔的。 【归纳】 if构成的常见省略结构： if so如果是这样的话 if not如果不这样的话；如果没有 if ever如果有过/发生过的话 if any如果有的话 if possible如果有可能；如果可能的话 if necessary如果有必要的话 if anything如果有什么不同的话 【佳句】 Are you ready？ If so， let’s set off at once. 你准备好了吗？如果准备好了，我们马上动身吧。 Part Ⅱ　二维微点练全 维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义 1.collapse A.vi.倒塌，坍塌 B.vi.昏倒　C.vi.崩溃 （1）Hearing the bad news， she collapsed in the middle of the street. 　　B　 （2）The roof of the cave collapsed， blocking the entrance. 　　A　 （3）The medical system is facing collapse because of lots of key doctors’ leaving. 　　C　 2.词义猜测 （1）The police pursued the man who had stolen a woman’s bag. 　v.追捕，追赶　 （2）Under these laws， he said later， Mr Rice’s assets could have been frozen. 　vt.冻结　 （3）Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher.The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear. 　vt.提交　 维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.（2025·邵阳联考） “I need your help now，” a nurse in ER said 　urgently　 （urgent）. 2.（2025·南京考前试题） Through the top virtual reality technology， visitors are able to travel back to the mysterious Egyptian 　civilization　 （civilize） 4，500 years ago through a 45-minute digital experience. 3.The teacher’s 　assessments　 （assess） of the students’ performances were fair and detailed. 4.　Cooperation　 （cooperate） between different departments is essential for the success of the project. 5.The storm hit the coast 　violently　 （violent）， causing extensive damage. 6.She wore a beautiful 　woolen　 （wool） scarf to keep warm in the cold weather. 7.While the government has issued a ban 　on　 plastic bags， people are still using large quantities of them. 8.Conflicts 　with　 others are common in everyday life，but we should settle them in a peaceful way. 9.In the past， I frequently submitted myself 　to　 difficulties but now I can spare no effort to handle them. Ⅱ.补全句子 1.Protecting the environment is 　a joint responsibility　 （共同的责任） of all human beings. 2.　In times of crisis　 （在危急时刻）， people should support each other. 3.We should 　raise awareness of environmental protection　 （提高环保意识） among the public. 4.After months of hard work， the project 　began to take shape　 （开始有了雏形）. 5.The earthquake 　caused a great deal of damage　 （造成了巨大破坏） to the city. 6.We should 　protect natural ecology from being damaged　 （保护自然生态免受破坏）. Part Ⅲ　三维写作提能 宣传稿——文化遗产保护 第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球 1.为保护家乡的文化遗产，我们镇成立了遗产保护俱乐部。（preserve；heritage） 　To preserve the cultural heritage of our hometown， our town has established a heritage protection club.　 2.我们这些志愿者积极参与文物保护，跟着专家鉴定文物并拍照。（specialist；动词-ing形式作状语） 　We volunteers actively participate in cultural relic protection， following specialists to identify cultural relics and take photos.　 3.通过分享照片，我们提高了人们对遗产评估和保护的意识。（assess；aware） 　By sharing photos， we have raised people’s awareness of heritage assessment and protection.　 4.我们还筹集了许多资金，用来帮助防止古建筑的倒塌和一些古树的消失。 （collapse；disappear） 　We have also raised a lot of funds to help prevent the collapse of ancient buildings and the disappearance of some ancient trees.　 5.让我们共同努力，为保护悠久的文化遗产和文明做出贡献。（civilization） 　Let us work together to contribute to the protection of our long-standing cultural heritage and civilization.　 第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目 　　　To preserve the cultural heritage of our hometown， our town has established a heritage protection club.We volunteers actively participate in cultural relic protection， following specialists to identify cultural relics and take photos.By sharing photos， we have raised people’s awareness of heritage assessment and protection. Moreover， we have also raised a lot of funds to help prevent the collapse of ancient buildings and the disappearance of some ancient trees.Let us work together to contribute to the protection of our long-standing cultural heritage and civilization.　 厚积薄发，下笔有神 亮 词 情感描写：incredible； intense； humble 动作描写：awe； preserve； collapse； suspend； interrupt； pursue； assign； ban 美 句 ①The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites， the more likely we are to treat them with respect.（主旨升华） ②If your heart breaks like mine at the thought of our irreplaceable heritage being lost forever，please take action.If you’re interested，please look at our website and participate in any way you can！（排比句；主旨升华） ③Further west on the Silk Road，the geography gradually changes from wild deserts to high，snow-capped mountains to vast grasslands as the routes pass through the splendid Tianshan Mountains and emerge in the rolling valleys of Central Asia.（环境描写） 环境描写之“自然景物” 单 词 山 名词 hill/mountain山； peak山峰； cave山洞； valley山谷 形容词 gentle温和的，柔和的； rocky多岩石的，崎岖不平的； green绿色的，青的； bare裸露的，光秃的； steep陡峭的，险峻的； grassy长满草的； remote 遥远的，偏僻的； snow-covered被雪覆盖的； snow-capped山顶积雪的 水 名词 stream小溪，细流； river河流，大河； lake湖泊； shallow water浅水区； sea海，海洋 形容词 deep深的； 深厚的； clear清晰的； 清澈的； slow-moving 缓慢移动的； rough粗糙的； 粗野的； 不平静的； calm平静的； 冷静的； smooth平滑的； 平稳的 风 名词 wind风； 气流； typhoon 台风；hurricane飓风； tornado龙卷风 形容词 strong强烈的； terrible可怕的，糟糕的； slight轻微的； icy冰冷的，结冰的 雨 rain雨； storm暴风雨； shower阵雨； flood洪水 雪 snow雪； snowstorm暴风雪 树 tree树； forest森林； woods森林 词 块 山 the snow-covered peaks 积雪覆盖的山峰 美 句 ①（2025·永州三模） So far， from swiftly flowing river valleys to mist-covered mountains， dense forests and steep cliffs， wherever there is water and soil， terraces have been dug. 到目前为止，从湍急的河谷到云雾缭绕的山峦、茂密的森林和陡峭的悬崖，凡是有水和土的地方，都开辟了梯田。 ②（2025·怀化二模） One day Tom went out for a walk with KiKi， when a fierce storm started.Tom ran to take shelter in a sweet shop. 一天，汤姆和奇奇外出散步时，突然下起了猛烈的暴风雨。汤姆跑到一家糖果店去避雨。 ③（2025·平江高三联考） Two hours later， he came to a bumpy mountain road that had been flooded by a creek. 两个小时后，他来到了一条被小溪淹没的崎岖不平的山路。 水 listen to the water rolling down the river 听着河水潺潺而下 the winding/running/gurgling stream 蜿蜒的/奔流的/潺潺的小溪 风 the howling wind嚎叫的风 be hit/struck by a typhoon 遭到台风的袭击 雨 pour with rain下着倾盆大雨 雪 the pure feathery snowflake 洁白如羽毛的雪花 光 be bathed in the sun沐浴在阳光下 云 the misty cloud雾霭 a cloudless sky万里无云的天空 情境导语 当托尼经过父母的卧室时，碰巧听到他们在争论…… 第一步　完成句子 1.一天晚上，托尼被闪电和雷雨惊醒了。 One night， Tony 　was awakened by the lightning and thunderstorm　.（被动语态） 2.在昏暗的灯光下，他的父母在争论什么。 　In the dim light　， his parents 　were arguing about　 something.（环境描写；过去进行时） 3.托尼听到父亲提出让他长大后当一名官员，然而妈妈坚持让他当一名教师。 Tony heard his father proposed to make him an official when he grew up， but 　his mother insisted on making him a teacher　.（并列句） 4.这让托尼心情很不好，愤怒和沮丧包裹着他。 This made Tony feel very bad， 　anger and frustration surrounding him　.（情感描写；独立主格结构） 5.大约过了一个小时，一些星星出现在天空中，他慢慢地平静下来。 After about an hour，　some stars appeared in the sky.Slowly， he calmed down.（环境描写） 6.他对自己说：“一切都会好起来的，我的未来我做主。我的物理很好，我会成为一名物理学家。我不会让父母失望的。” He said to himself，“Everything will be all right.I am the master of my future.My physics is very good.I will be a physicist and 　I won’t let my parents down　.”（心理活动） 第二步　连句成文 　　　One night，Tony was awakened by the lightning and thunderstorm.In the dim light， his parents were arguing about something.Tony heard his father proposed to make him an official when he grew up， but his mother insisted on making him a teacher.This made Tony feel very bad， anger and frustration surrounding him.After about an hour，some stars appeared in the sky.Slowly，he calmed down.He said to himself，“Everything will be all right.I am the master of my future.My physics is very good.I will be a physicist and I won’t let my parents down.”　 　　（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Human speech contains more than 2，000 different sounds， from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages.But why are certain sounds more common than others？ A ground-breaking， five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages. 　　More than 30 years ago， the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals， such as “f” and “v”， were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods.Now a team of researchers led by Dami􀅡n Blasi at the University of Zurich， Switzerland， has found how and why this trend arose. 　　They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned （对齐）， making it hard to produce labiodentals， which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.Later， our jaws changed to an overbite structure （结构）， making it easier to produce such sounds. 　　The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period.Food became easier to chew at this point.The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large. 　　Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age， with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. 　　This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago.“The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings， but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution，” said Steven Moran， a member of the research team. 32.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Dami􀅡n Blasi’s research focus on？（　　） A.Its variety.　　　　 B.Its distribution. C.Its quantity.　 D.Its development. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，Dami􀆦n Blasi领导的研究小组已经发现了这种趋势出现的过程和原因。由此推断，他们的研究集中在语音的发展上。 33.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals？（　　） A.They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth. B.They could not open and close their lips easily. C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured. D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，他们发现古代成年人的上下门牙是对齐的，很难发出唇齿音，而唇齿音是由下唇接触上牙发出的。之后，我们下巴的结构变成了覆咬合结构，这让我们更容易发出这样的声音。由此可推知，他们的下巴构造使他们很难发出唇齿音。 34.What is paragraph 5 mainly about？（　　） A.Supporting evidence for the research results. B.Potential application of the research findings. C.A further explanation of the research methods. D.A reasonable doubt about the research process. 解析：A　段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，对语言数据库的分析也证实了新石器时代之后，国际语言的发音发生了全球性的变化。由此可知，第五段主要列举了一些可以使研究结果更令人信服的证据。 35.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds？（　　） A.It is key to effective communication. B.It contributes much to cultural diversity. C.It is a complex and dynamic system. D.It drives the evolution of human beings. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Steven Moran认为：自从人类出现以来，我们使用的语音不一定保持稳定，今天我们发现的各种语音都是像生物进化和文化演化等事物相互作用的复杂产物。由此可推知，它是一个复杂的动态系统。 （一）由文本积阅读词汇 1.contain v.　包含；包括 2.ground-breaking adj.　　创新的；革新的 3.relate v.　　联系；涉及 4.trend n.　　趋势；倾向 5.arise v.　　出现，产生 6.produce v.　　生产；制造 7.agriculture n.　　农业 8.confirm v.　　证实；确认 9.dynamic adj.　　动态的，发展变化的 10.labiodental n.　　唇齿音（课标外词汇） （二）由文本积主题词块 1.lead to 　　导致；造成 2.such as 　　例如 3.the upper teeth 　　上牙 4.be connected with 　　与……相联系 5.speech sound 　　语音 6.cultural diversity 　　文化多样性 7.overturn the popular view　　推翻流行观点 （三）由文本知变式运用 1.学习构词（派生词/合成词） （1）remarkably adv.不同寻常地；非凡地；卓越地[remarkable（adj.）＋后缀-ly] （2）diversity n.多样性；多样化 [diverse（adj.）＋后缀-ity] （3）effective adj.有效的；实际的 [effect（n.）＋后缀-ive] （4）interplay n.相互影响，相互作用 [前缀inter-＋play （n.）] （5）overturn v.推翻；倾覆 [over （adv.）＋turn （v.）] 2.近义替换（用文中词汇替换） result in＝　lead to　（第一段） 3.熟词生义（文中生义） （1）click [熟义] n.单击；咔嗒声v.点击 →[生义] n.　（尤见于非洲南部某些语言的）吸气音　（第一段第一句） （2）certain [熟义] adj.确信的；肯定的 →[生义] adj.　某种，某些　（第一段第二句） （3）note [熟义] v.记录，记下；注意；留意 n.注释；记录；笔记 →[生义] v.　指出，特别提到　（第二段第一句） （4）drive [熟义] v.驾驶；开车 →[生义] v.　激励；促进；推进　（第35题） （四）由文本学靓丽表达 1.A ground-breaking， five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds 　that are now found in half the world’s languages　 （现在世界上一半的语言中都可发现）.（定语从句） 2.Now a team of researchers 　led by　 （由……带领）Dami􀅡n Blasi at the University of Zurich， Switzerland， has found how and why this trend arose.（过去分词作后置定语） 3.This research overturns the popular view 　that all human speech sounds were present　 （所有人类语言的语音都存在） when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago.（同位语从句） （五）由文本探析长难句 　They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned （对齐），making it hard to produce labiodentals， which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. 分析：本句是主从复合句。that 引导的是　宾语　从句；动词-ing短语 making it hard to produce labiodentals作　结果状语　，其中it作　形式宾语　，动词不定式短语作真正的宾语；which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth 是　非限制性定语　从句。 译文：　他们发现，古代成年人的上门牙和下门牙是对齐的，因此难以发出唇齿音，唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙形成的。　 　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 　　First constructed in the 10th century as a part of a villa，the garden of Keyuan in Suzhou，Jiangsu Province was rebuilt and redecorated on numerous occasions throughout history until it became a Confucian academy in 1805.The waterscape， rockeries and flourishing willows may have greeted students to step into a “painting” where earthly beauty and dynamics of a real world can be felt. 　　However， in recent history， the shine of the past seems to have been forgotten by the passing of time.The pond was muddy.Rocks were unstable.Plants were withering.Termites also damaged the buildings， the structure of which had been damaged through decades of neglect.The contrast became even more regrettable when the Great Wave Pavilion，a garden on the UNESCO World Heritage List that is just a few meters away across a narrow lane，was crowded with tourists every day. 　　When Keyuan was handed to He Fengchun， an experienced garden renovation designer， in 2012， her work to make “the pearl” shine again was challenging.“Every step in the restoring and decorating process has to follow historical recordings，” says the designer.“It took just more than one year for us to actually renovate this garden，but much longer time was spent in evaluating every detail in the plan and making sure of its historical accuracy，” she says. 　　Renovation of Keyuan was recognized with an Asia-Pacific Award for Cultural Heritage Conservation by UNESCO in 2019.A bright and elegant garden is now accessible to visitors and jointly describes a culturally rich neighborhood with the Great Wave Pavilion. 　　And now，to keep healthy，it also needs regular maintenance，in which modern science plays a key role.For example，with support of big data analysis and scientific evaluation of impact brought by tourism， the largest numbers of visitors — within a day or even an hour — are set for every key site to create a comfortable experience for both tourists and the gardens. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了苏州可园的历史以及修缮和维护工作。 1.What do the underlined words “the pearl” in Paragraph 3 refer to？（　　） A.Keyuan. B.The UNESCO World Heritage. C.Renovation of Keyuan. D.The Great Wave Pavilion. 解析：A　词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的When Keyuan was handed to He Fengchun可知，此处是指贺风春的工作是让可园重新闪耀。所以the pearl指可园。 2.What does the designer say about renovating Keyuan？（　　） A.It’s practical. B.It’s significant. C.It’s time-consuming. D.It’s urgently needed. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中设计师说的It took just more than one year for us to actually renovate this garden，but much longer time was spent in evaluating every detail in the plan and making sure of its historical accuracy可知，设计师认为修缮可园是耗时的。 3.What does the author want to tell us by the example in the last paragraph？（　　） A.The need to limit the number of visitors. B.The negative impact tourism has on gardens. C.The comfortable experience gardens give visitors. D.The role modern science plays in protecting gardens. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的And now，to keep healthy，it also needs regular maintenance， in which modern science plays a key role.可知，作者想通过最后一段的例子告诉我们现代科学在保护园林中的作用。 4.What is the most suitable title for the text？（　　） A.The Process of Repairing Keyuan B.Beauty of Classical Suzhou Gardens C.The Shining of the Garden of Keyuan Again D.Classical Gardens of World Cultural Heritage 解析：C　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第三段第一句和第四段内容可知，可园的修缮工程让可园再次闪耀。因此，C项（可园的再次闪耀）最适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ.读后续写 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　My political career in the Students’ Union （SU） began by throwing frisbees （飞盘） on the campus lawn.I would throw a frisbee to someone I didn’t know and they would throw it to someone they didn’t know.Before long， we had built a community of people who met every day at lunch to throw frisbees. 　　Besides frisbees， the group decided to climb the mountain near our campus.When we reached the peak， it felt like we were at summer camp.We laughed， danced and told jokes.It was totally fun.While playing like little children in the cool mountain air， we all decided to do it again the following week.Our motto （座右铭） was “Bring a Friend”.We started out with a small group of hikers.But as the word spread， the number of participants increased.We made it a rule to climb the mountain every weekend.All of us were passionate about the fantastic experience， which we were looking forward to. 　　One day on campus， I decided to throw my frisbee to some strangers， run over and invite them to climb the mountain.Much to my surprise， a girl sitting in a wheelchair got hold of it.Her name was Grace.I asked her if she had ever been to the top of the mountain.She said she hadn’t.Holding the wheelchair tightly， she hung down her head in awkward silence.Then she told me that she had suffered from lung disease when she was young and depended on oxygen twenty-four hours a day.So， it was impossible for her to move without help.Fortunately， things got better. 　　With continuous efforts and treatment， she managed to live on her own with the assistance of the wheelchair： I told her that my friends and I would carry her if she were up for it.On hearing what I said， she refused without hesitation， adding that it would be a bother to carry her.But I tried my best to persuade her to come along with us by talking about the interesting experiences. 注意：1.续写词数应为 150 个左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 　　Having thought for a while， Grace still refused my offer.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　 　　On the downhill path， Grace asked me why not run for the SU election.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　 参考范文： 　　Having thought for a while， Grace still refused my offer. Looking at her depressed and embarrassed expression， I didn’t want to quit persuading her.I showed her some pictures that were taken during our trip.She smiled， her eyes sparkling with excitement.Ultimately， I made it.On that appointed day， I， together with several friends， offered continuous assistance to her.With our joint efforts， we made it to the top of the mountain and admired the fantastic scenery.A sense of excitement took hold of her， tears rolling down her cheeks like broken pearls.She was so grateful to us and we became close friends. 　　On the downhill path， Grace asked me why not run for the SU election. However， I didn’t have enough courage to run for it.Knowing I was in a dilemma， Grace had a sincere communication with me.“So kind and friendly are you that you helped me to enjoy the beautiful scenery and plan the weekend activity carefully.I am firmly convinced that you are capable of the work in the SU，” she said in a gentle voice.Inspired by her encouragement， I made a resolution to have a try.Having made full preparations， I was chosen chairman of the SU， which was beyond my expectations.Indeed， it is the mutual trust and help between friends that do make a great difference to us. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $