必修第三册 UNIT 4 Amazing art-【优学精研】2026年高考英语一轮总复习教用word（外研版）

写作词汇运用 词块记忆 1. fold the paper along the dotted line 沿虚线将纸折起来 􀳁2.run up the stairs 跑上楼去 􀳁3.a tough battle 艰难的斗争 􀳁4.create a more harmonious neighbourhood relationship 营造更加和谐的邻里关系 􀳁5.a firework show sponsored by the government 由政府赞助的烟火表演 􀳁6.contemporary masterpieces当代的杰作 􀳁7.Chinese calligraphy competition 中国书法比赛 􀳁8.a packet of cigarettes 一包香烟 􀳁9.a bottle of wine 一瓶葡萄酒 􀳁10.①lipsticks in several shades of red 几种浓淡不同的口红 ②the plants in shade 背阴处的植物 语境记忆 􀳁11.fond adj.喜爱的 First of all， I am fond of writing and it’s an important part of my life. 首先，我喜欢写作，而且写作是我生活中重要的一部分。 （申请信） 􀳁12.broadcast n.广播节目，电视节目 vt.广播 Live broadcast via the Internet will be on at the same time. 同时还将进行网络直播。 （活动介绍） 􀳁13.load n.某物的量；负载，负荷 v.装上；装载 Knowing that they had arrived safely took a load off my mind. 得知他们平安到达让我如释重负。 （情感描写） 阅读词汇明义 快速一览 1.sculptor n.雕刻家，雕塑家 􀳁2.portrait n.人物照片；肖像 􀳁3.selfie n.自拍照 􀳁4.embroidery n.刺绣图案，刺绣品 􀳁5.seal n.印章，图章 􀳁6.seal cutting 篆刻 􀳁7.porcelain n.瓷器 􀳁8.needle n.缝衣针 􀳁9.magnificent adj.宏伟的，壮丽的 􀳁10.hoof n.蹄 􀳁11.emperor n.皇帝 􀳁12.majesty n.陛下 􀳁13.gallop v.（马）飞奔，疾驰 􀳁14.vase n.花瓶 教材例句 􀳁15.（译林选必四）However， just as the Chinese saying goes，“Jade is good-for-nothing if not carved.” v.刻（图形或字母） 派生词汇识记 1.greet v.问候，迎接，招呼→greeting n.招呼，问候 􀳁2.exhibition n.展出，展览→exhibit v.展出，展览 n.（一件）展览品 􀳁3.demonstrate v.示范，演示→demonstration n.演示，展示 􀳁4.vividly adv.生动地→vivid adj.生动的 􀳁5.elegant adj.高雅的，优美的→elegance n.优雅→elegantly adv.优雅地 􀳁6.lack v.没有，缺乏 n.缺乏；短缺→lacking adj.缺乏的；不足的 􀳁7.stimulate v.刺激，促使，促进→stimulation n.刺激 􀳁8.bare v.使暴露，露出 adj.裸露的；空的→barely adv.仅仅；几乎没有 􀳁9.dirt n.灰尘，尘土→dirty adj.脏的；令人厌恶的 􀳁10.frequent adj.经常发生的，频繁的→frequently adv.频繁地 􀳁11.mostly adv.大部分；主要地→most pron.大多数 adv.最；非常；极其 第一组 1.get a load of ...注意，仔细看（常用于表示惊讶或羡慕） 􀳁2.come up　　即将发生（出现或到来） 􀳁3.for oneself　　亲自 􀳁4.lie in　　在于 􀳁5.put up　　建造；举起；张贴；提高；投宿； 留（某人）在家里过夜 􀳁6.in the shape of　　呈……的形状 􀳁7.be regarded as　　被认为是……，被视作…… 􀳁8.catch one’s attention　吸引某人的注意力 第二组 􀳁9.due to　　由于 􀳁10.be fond of ...　　喜欢…… 􀳁11.sing high praises for　　高度赞扬 􀳁12.quite a bit　　不少，许多 􀳁13.one and only　　绝无仅有的，有名的，唯一的 􀳁14.look into one’s eyes　　直视某人的眼睛 􀳁15.but then again　　不过，然而；另一方面 􀳁16.up close and personal　　亲密地 􀳁17.for now　　目前，暂时 1.句式：It takes （sb） some time to do sth （某人）花费多少时间做某事 原句：About 35，000 works are currently being displayed in over 300 rooms in the Louvre， and it would take a lifetime to see everything！ 卢浮宫共有300多个房间，目前正在展出的艺术品大约是35，000件，而要看完所有的展品大概需要一辈子！ 2.句式：过去分词短语作状语 原句：Born into a poor family in the early Tang Dynasty， the young Han Gan had to help support his family by working in a local wine shop. 韩干出生于初唐时期的一个贫苦家庭，年少时不得不在当地的酒馆帮工来维持家庭生计。 3.句式：状语从句的省略 原句：While waiting at the gate， Han Gan used a stick to draw pictures in the dirt and was seen by the poet himself.韩干在门口等候的时候，他用一根木棒在土地上画画，正好被那个诗人（王维）看到。 　　The other day， I came across a young man in my neighbourhood，who was sitting on a stair.I greeted him with a big smile.It seemed that he drank a lot of wine.He responded to me with a smile，with a cigarette in his hand.But getting closer， I noticed his tears were held back.Seeing that， though it was not elegant， I sat down next to him， listening to his story. 　　The man took out a folded letter， saying his girlfriend would break up with him because his exhibition failed，which made him a poor man.He vividly described to me how he was fond of painting， especially drawing all kinds of vases.With all his money and a friend sponsoring him， he held an exhibition.However， for lack of experience， he failed.I encouraged him not to give up.I was sure that his hard work would pay off sooner or later. （一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快 阅读单词知意 请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。 □1.sculptor n.雕刻家，雕塑家 □2.portrait n.人物照片；肖像 □3.selfie n.自拍照 □4.embroidery n.刺绣图案，刺绣品 □5.seal n.印章，图章 □6.porcelain n.瓷器 □7.needle n.缝衣针 □8.carve v.刻（图形或字母） □9.contemporary adj.当代的 □10.hoof n.蹄 □11.emperor n.皇帝 □12.majesty n.陛下 □13.gallop v.（马）飞奔，疾驰 □14.vase n.花瓶 续表 核心单词练通 1.　load　 n.某物的量 􀳁2.　battle　 n.战斗，战役 􀳁3.　fold　 v.折起 􀳁4.　neighbourhood　 n.社区，街坊 􀳁5.　calligraphy　 n.书法 􀳁6.　cigarette　 n.香烟 􀳁7.　wine　 n.葡萄酒 􀳁8.　fond　 adj.喜爱的 􀳁9.　shade　 n.（色彩的）浓淡，深浅，色度 􀳁10.In response to the activity 　sponsored　 （举办） by our school， I carried out my housework plan last weekend， ranging from tidying up rooms to cooking meals. 􀳁11.At the foot of the 　stairs　 （楼梯） she turned around to cast a smile to him. 􀳁12.We watched a live 　broadcast　 （电视节目） of the significant speech from the Prime Minister. 拓展单词用活 1.　greet　 v.问候，迎接，招呼→　greeting　 n.问候，招呼 􀳁2.　vividly　 adv.生动地→　vivid　 adj.生动的 􀳁3.　bare　 v.使暴露，露出 adj.裸露的；空的→　barely　 adv.仅仅；刚刚；勉强可能；几乎没有 􀳁4.　dirt　 n.灰尘，尘土→　dirty　 adj.脏的，肮脏的 􀳁5.As a consequence of 　frequent　 smoking， the 　frequency　 of his asthma attacks is increasing， and he coughs 　frequently　.（frequent） 􀳁6.Not only do we admire her 　elegant　 figure but we also respect her for the 　elegance　 of her behavior.（elegant） 􀳁7.Some works 　exhibited　 on this 　exhibition　 are vivid figures in the form of cartoon or are created randomly on the basis of free styles and bright colours.（exhibit） 􀳁8.Recently， scientists 　demonstrated　 a small robotic vehicle directed by a person’s thoughts.The 　demonstration　 took place at the Swiss embassy in Washington.（demonstrate） （二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效 先 写 对 再 用 准 第 一 组 1.　get a load of ...　　　注意，仔细看（常用于表示惊讶或羡慕） 􀳁2.　quite a bit　　　不少，许多 􀳁3.　come up　　　即将发生（出现或到来）；（被）提出 􀳁4.　one and only　　　绝无仅有的，唯一的；有名的 􀳁5.　look into one’s eyes　 　　直视某人的眼睛 􀳁6.　but then again　　　但是，然而；另一方面 􀳁7.　up close and personal　 　　亲密地 􀳁8.　for now　 　　目前，暂时 􀳁9.　for oneself　　　亲自 1.　Get a load of　 that doll over there.I wonder what her name is. 􀳁2.Unexpectedly， the proposal that 　came up　 at the meeting yesterday was approved. 􀳁3.It is usually dangerous to get 　up close and personal　 with a tiger. 􀳁4.When you talk to me， you should 　look into my eyes　. 􀳁5.It’s easier to take a taxi to get there， 　but then again　 you can’t always get one. 第 二 组 1.　lie in　　　 在于 􀳁2.　put up　　　建造；举起；张贴；提高；投宿；留（某人）在家里过夜 􀳁3.　in the shape of　 　　呈……的形状 􀳁4.　on the move　　　在行进中，在发展中；四处奔波 􀳁5.　move in　　　搬进 􀳁6.　catch one’s attention　　　吸引某人的注意力 􀳁7.　reach out to　　　援助，支持；到达 􀳁8.　be fond of ...　　　喜欢…… 􀳁9.　sing high praises for　　　高度赞扬 1.Not all people 　are fond of　 playing football， nor do they enjoy watching football matches. 􀳁2.All the audience 　sang high praises for　 the performances of the children when the party was over. 􀳁3.Modern politicians try to 　reach out to　 ordinary people in their broadcast speeches. 􀳁4.After four generations 　on the move　， Renato Joner’s family is putting down roots. 􀳁5.A true friend doesn’t 　lie in　 how fancy the gift she gives you is， but in how sincerely she treats you. （三）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高 句型公式 句式仿写 1.句型公式：It takes （sb） some time to do sth （某人）花费多少时间做某事 教材原句：About 35，000 works are currently being displayed in over 300 rooms in the Louvre， and it would take a lifetime to see everything！ 1.（2022·1月浙江卷）尽管有他的远程指导，我还是花了很多精力独自完成这个课题。 　It did take me a lot of energy to finish　 the project alone despite his remote guidance. 2.句型公式：状语从句的省略 教材原句：While waiting at the gate， Han Gan used a stick to draw pictures in the dirt and was seen by the poet himself. 􀳁2.野兽用锋利的牙齿咬住狗，一边把它向后拖，一边撕开它的肉。 （动作描写） The beast sank its sharp teeth into the dog and tore open its flesh 　while dragging it backward　. Part Ⅰ　一维重点突破 　　One day， my friend and I went to visit an　　　　 （exhibit）❶.When we arrived there， we saw an elegant girl standing at the gate， 　　　　 （greet）❷ the visitors.And at the same time， a piece of music 　　　　 （broadcast）❸.While visiting the exhibition we saw a statue about a famous battle， which was created by a famous sculptor.A visitor came up to us and introduced the statue vividly.Then he told us that he was teaching himself calligraphy and complained of 　　　　❹ lack of good teaching materials.He also asked us whether we were interested in it.I told him that my friend was very good at it and maybe he could reach out to him. 微技能热身 1.①处应填　exhibition　。 􀳁2.②处作伴随状语，应填　greeting　。 􀳁3.③处music与broadcast之间构成被动关系，结合at the same time可知，应填　was being broadcast　。 􀳁4.④处应填　a　。 lack v.没有，缺乏 n.缺乏；短缺 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①Some students may feel uncomfortable practicing with someone they don’t know well， which could result in 　a　 lack of participation and hinder their progress in the course. 【写美】 句式升级 ②Because Jane lacked confidence and experience， she was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation. →　Lacking confidence and experience　， Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.（分词短语作状语） 【归纳】 （1）（a） lack of ...　 ……的缺少 for lack of ...　　因缺少…… （2）lacking adj.　　缺少的，缺乏的 be lacking in　　缺少……，……不足 【佳句】 Though lacking （in） cooking experience， the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice.尽管这对双胞胎缺乏烹饪经验，但他们通过上网寻求建议来弥补。 【点津】 lack作及物动词时不能用于被动语态，后面直接接宾语；作不及物动词时常接介词for；作名词时，后面常用介词of。 reach out to sb 在……面前出现；向某人提供/寻求帮助 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①The purpose of the meeting was to reach 　an　 agreement about the price. ②The new mobile phone is priced well 　within　 the reach of most people. ③The young girl stood there， reaching 　for　 the branch. 【写美】 微写作 ④当你需要帮助时，向关心你的人求助。 When you need help， 　reach out to the people　 who care about you. 【归纳】 （1）reach out　 伸出 reach for sth　　伸手够某物 reach an agreement　　达成协议 （2）out of reach　　够不到 within the reach of ...　　在……的范围内 beyond sb’s reach＝beyond the reach of sb 在某人够不到的地方；超出某人的理解范围 【佳句】 Please feel free to reach out to us if you have any questions or concerns. 如果您有任何问题或疑虑，请随时向我们求助。 句型公式：状语从句的省略 　【教材原句】 While waiting at the gate， Han Gan used a stick to draw pictures in the dirt and was seen by the poet himself.韩干在门口等候的时候，他用一根木棒在土地上画画，正好被那个诗人（王维）看到。 【写美】 微写作 ①因此，如果必要的话，我可以解释中国画的相关信息。 （申请信） Therefore， I can explain the relevant information about Chinese painting 　if necessary　. ②月亮高悬在夜空，洒下温柔恬静的月光，好像在讲述一个动人的故事。 （景色描写） The moon was held up high in the night sky， quietly shining her gentle moonlight， 　as if telling a moving story　. ③当我面对那次事故中的伤员时，我感到了一种无力感。 I felt a sense of powerlessness 　when faced with/facing the injured in that accident　. ④少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 Work hard 　when young　， or you’ll regret when you are old. 【归纳】 （1）状语从句省略的两个条件： ①when， while， though， even if， unless， if， as if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it； ②状语从句谓语中含有be动词。 （2）状语从句省略的形式： 省略从句中的主语和be动词。 【佳句】 If accepted， I can introduce the history of Chinese painting to visitors， which can help them know more about Chinese culture. 假如（我）被接受的话，我会向游客介绍中国的绘画历史，这可以帮助他们更多地了解中国文化。 【点津】 状语从句的省略要弄清楚从句中的动词与其逻辑主语之间的关系；主谓关系用现在分词，动宾关系用过去分词。 　　After a short break， we entered another room， 　　　❶ there were loads of famous paintings by Han Gan， a famous painter in the early Tang Dynasty.A guide told us something about Han Gan.He was a poor boy with artistic talent and luckily 　　　　 （sponsor）❷ by the famous poet Wang Wei.Later， he painted for the emperor who was fond 　　　　❸ paintings about horses.People 　　　　 （sing）❹ high praises for Han Gan’s paintings at that time. 微技能热身 1.①处应填　where　。 􀳁2.②处作谓语， 主语He与sponsor之间构成被动关系，应填　was sponsored　。 􀳁3.③处应填　of　。 􀳁4.④处应填　sang　。 be fond of ... 喜欢…… 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①（译林选必四）Whether or not we are fond 　of　 these changes， we will need to face them. ②（外研选必四）I’m very familiar with almost every inch of my home city， and have a passion 　for　 history. 【写美】 微写作 ③得知你对中国诗歌相当感兴趣，我写信邀请你和我一起去。 （邀请信） 　Knowing that you are rather keen on Chinese poetry　， I’m writing to invite you to go with me.（keen） 【归纳】 “喜欢”的其他表达： fall （强调动作）/be （强调状态） in love with 喜欢上/喜欢 have/develop （a） passion for ... 酷爱……/对……产生热爱 be crazy about ...　　对……狂热 be keen on ...　　对……非常感兴趣 care for 　　非常喜欢（常用于否定句） 【佳句】 I’ve always been fond of poetry and one piece of them has always stuck in my mind. 我一直喜爱诗歌，其中有一首总是牢记在我心中。 sing high praises for 高度赞扬 【练通】 单句语法填空 ①He was highly praised 　for　 his research on heart disease. 【写美】 词汇升级 ②The scientist was praised and was awarded a medal for his contributions to the country. →The scientist was 　sung high praises for/thought highly of/thought much of/thought well of　 and was awarded a medal for his contributions to the country. 【归纳】 （1）praise sb for （doing） sth因（做）某事而表扬某人 （2）in praise of　　赞扬 （3）think much/well of ...＝think highly of ...重视；看重；对……评价高 think ill/poorly/badly of　　认为……不好 【佳句】 Judging from their expressions， they sang high praises for your plan. 从他们的表情判断，他们对你的计划评价很高。 Part Ⅱ　二维微点练全 维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义 1.shade A.n.背阴　　　　　 B.n.浓淡，深浅 C.n.（看法的）差别，不同　 D.v.给……遮挡（光线） （1）In addition， the word has many shades of meaning in contemporary English. 　　C　 （2）Our courtyard was shaded by high trees， so many kids liked playing in it in summer. 　　D　 （3）Tired and thirsty， we sat down in the shade of the wall for rest. 　　A　 （4）Sunflowers in three shades of yellow represent different stages of life. 　　B　 􀳁2.词义猜测 （1）Nicolo and another bidder battled until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32. 　v.竞争　 （2）Body language can give away a lot about your mood， so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive. 　v.交叉，交叠　 （3）Seeing the bare branches of winter trees makes us feel sad. 　adj.光秃秃的　 维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配 1.（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）We’ll be working rain or shine.Wear clothes that can get 　dirty　 （dirt）. 􀳁2.（2024·全国甲卷）Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming 　exhibition　 （exhibit） of American Watercolors， 1880－1990： Into the Light. 􀳁3.（2023·全国乙卷）Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine， it is producing more top class chefs who appear 　frequently　 （frequent） on our television screens ... 􀳁4. （2023·1月浙江卷）Read a book， knit， do a crossword puzzle， or simply watch the world 　unfold　 （fold） outside the window. 􀳁5.You will get exposed to the paper-cutting， which 　vividly　 （vivid） reflects our daily lives and brings much pleasure. Part Ⅲ　三维写作提能 短文投稿——艺术作品 　　假定你是李华，昨天你参观了艺术展，对当代雕刻大师黎明的一幅作品印象深刻。请你写一篇英语短文详细叙述这幅作品的内涵及人们对它的评价。 第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球 1.在昨天的艺术展上，我发现了一幅生动形象的雕塑作品。（exhibition） 　At yesterday’s art exhibition， I found a vivid sculpture.　 􀳁2.据说它是当代雕塑家黎明的作品。（contemporary， It is＋过去分词＋that ...） 　It is said that it is the work of the contemporary sculptor Li Ming.　 􀳁3.它刻画了一位抽着香烟的老人，一只手里拿着一个破花瓶，站在社区的门口，他好像在询问什么。（cigarette， vase， neighbourhood， 状语从句的省略） 　It depicts an old man smoking a cigarette with a broken vase in one hand， standing at the door of the neighbourhood as if asking something.　 􀳁4.从远处看，有人会误把他当成是一位正在乞讨的乞丐。 　From a distance， someone would mistake him for a beggar who was begging.　 􀳁5.这幅作品深受人们的喜爱，获得了专家的高度赞扬。（be fond of， sing high praises for，非限制性定语从句） 　People are fond of this work， which is sung high praises for by experts.　 第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目 　　　At yesterday’s art exhibition， I found a vivid sculpture.It is said that it is the work of the contemporary sculptor Li Ming.It depicts an old man smoking a cigarette with a broken vase in one hand， standing at the door of the neighbourhood as if asking something.However， from a distance， someone would mistake him for a beggar who was begging.Obviously， people are fond of this work， which is sung high praises for by experts.　 厚积薄发，下笔有神 亮 词 人物描写：elegant， lack 动作描写：greet， fold， demonstrate， stimulate， sponsor 心理描写：get a load of ...， be fond of ... 美 句 One moment she seems to be laughing at me， but then again I catch a sense of sadness in her smile. （人物描写） 动作描写之动“嘴”动“唇” 词汇 美句 单 词 动词：bite， kiss， cover， whisper ①He straightened up and looked at me， open-mouthed. 他直起身子，张着嘴看着我。 ②She opened her mouth to say something. 她张开嘴想说点什么。 ③My mouth started watering when I smelled the food. 一闻到食物的味道，我就流口水了。 形容词：open-mouthed目瞪口呆的 短 语 ①one’s mouth widens 咧开嘴 ②cup/cover one’s mouth 捂住某人的嘴 ③one’s mouth drops/hangs wide open 张大嘴巴 ④one’s heart in one’s mouth 提心吊胆 ⑤lick one’s lips 舔嘴唇　　⑥purse one’s lips 噘嘴 ⑦bite one’s lips 忍住不说；抑制情感流露 情境导语 闻到三明治的香味，饥饿的小女孩开始流口水了。与此同时，她的哥哥也来了。 第一步　完成句子 1.闻到三明治的香味，饥饿的小女孩开始流口水了。 　The hungry girl’s mouth started watering　 when she smelled the sandwich.（mouth作主语） 􀳁2.她刚要拿起三明治咬一口，突然一只手捂住了她的嘴。 She was about to pick up the sandwich and take a bite when suddenly 　a hand cupped her mouth　.（mouth作宾语） 􀳁3.她的哥哥一把抢走了她的三明治放入自己口中。 It was her brother who grabbed her sandwich and 　put it into his own mouth　. 􀳁4.她抬起头，目瞪口呆地看着他。 She looked up at him， 　open-mouthed　. 􀳁5.三明治没了，当泪水顺着脸颊流下来时，她咬住她的下嘴唇。 With the sandwich gone， she 　bit her lower lip　 as tears ran down her cheeks. 􀳁6.她的哥哥捂住嘴偷笑。 Her brother 　covered his mouth　 to hide his laugh. 第二步　连句成文 　　　The hungry girl’s mouth started watering when she smelled the sandwich.She was about to pick up the sandwich and take a bite when suddenly a hand cupped her mouth.It was her brother who grabbed her sandwich and put it into his own mouth.She looked up at him， open-mouthed.With the sandwich gone， she bit her lower lip as tears ran down her cheeks.Meanwhile， her brother covered his mouth to hide his laugh.　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 􀳁A 　　（2025·临汾一模）Cimabue， the greatest painter in medieval Italy， was surprised when he discovered that a fly had landed on one of his works.“Shoo！” he shouted， but it remained still.Finally， he reached out to touch the insect.To his surprise， he found only wet paint.Actually Giotto had painted the fly when Cimabue was away， and it looked so real that Cimabue had been completely fooled. 　　Giotto di Bondone was born in a poor farming family.Legend has it that while he was tending goats he drew a picture on a rock and that the artist Cimabue， who happened to be passing by， saw him at work and was so impressed with the boy’s talent that he took him into his studio as an apprentice （学徒）. 　　In the Middle Ages， an apprentice’s job was to copy his master as exactly as he could， which resulted in a distinct lack of new ideas.In fact， art in the Middle Ages seemed to have been stuck in a rut.The people in paintings didn’t look like real people， and the symbolism of art was often so remote that it must have been difficult for viewers to connect with it on a personal level.But Giotto thought art could be something more. 　　To accomplish this goal， Giotto adopted many techniques that were uncommon at the time.He painted people the way he saw them， instead of the overly tall and boxy people that other artists painted.He created three-dimensional space by using perspective， something that had not been done since Roman times.Finally， he threw out parts of the symbolism associated with medieval painting.For example， at that time the Christ Child was usually drawn as a mature man who was only a baby in size.This symbolized that Christ was wise even though he was young.Instead， Giotto painted the Christ Child as a baby，which emphasized the human relationship between the child and his mother. 　　The ideas Giotto brought to painting throughout his life revolutionized the art world and made him one of the greatest painters ever. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了意大利文艺复兴时期的开创者乔托·迪·邦多内，介绍了其艺术特色和绘画技巧等。 1.Why does the author mention the fly event in Paragraph 1？（　　） A.To prove the pupil outdoes the master. B.To stress the fly was vividly painted. C.To relate how Cimabue was tricked. D.To demonstrate art has no limits. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的Actually Giotto had painted the fly when Cimabue was away， and it looked so real that Cimabue had been completely fooled.可知，第一段提到苍蝇是为了说明这只苍蝇被画得栩栩如生。 􀳁2.Why did Cimabue decide to instruct Giotto？（　　） A.Giotto would be a helpful assistant. B.Cimabue desired to rid Giotto of poverty. C.Giotto badly needed Cimabue’s guidance. D.Cimabue sensed a great potential in Giotto. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的was so impressed with the boy’s talent that he took him into his studio as an apprentice （学徒）可知，契马布埃将乔托收为自己的学徒是因为觉得乔托极具艺术天赋，有发展前途。 􀳁3.What can we learn about art in the Middle Ages in Paragraph 3？（　　） A.It lacked innovation. B.It highlighted realism. C.It bonded well with viewers. D.It underwent great changes. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的In the Middle Ages， an apprentice’s job was to copy his master as exactly as he could， which resulted in a distinct lack of new ideas.可知，中世纪的艺术缺乏创新。 􀳁4.Why did Giotto paint the Christ Child as a baby？（　　） A.To portray people in a realistic way. B.To try the technique of perspective. C.To distinguish himself from other painters. D.To bring a sense of symbolism to his painting. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的He painted people the way he saw them， instead of the overly tall and boxy people that other artists painted.以及Instead， Giotto painted the Christ Child as a baby， which emphasized the human relationship between the child and his mother.可知，乔托把圣婴描绘成一个婴儿是运用了写实的方式描绘人物。 􀳁B 　　（2025·漳州三模）Learning anything can be challenging， especially when it comes to figuring out how and what to practice.Repetition is usually essential.But you don’t want something that takes the joy out of you.I’ve been teaching myself to draw for a few years.I had improved a lot but for a long while was going nowhere.I’d tried lots of books and courses， and filled endless pages with boxes， parallel lines and figures.None of these seems to be working. 　　But something clicked when I started sketchbooking this year.The sketchbooks led to a shift in mindset.Rather than trying to practise， I was engaging in a practice — scribbling （涂鸦）.The scribbles weren’t all good but they have become part of a whole.I’ve been absorbed ever since.I scribbled my breakfast， the fruit in the office， and other people on the train. 　　I spoke to Danny Gregory， a writer who blogs and makes videos about sketchbooking， to try to figure out why I had become so taken by my new practice. 　　“We think the practice in drawing is like that in piano， where you have to play through a series of musical notes step by step，” Gregory says.“But what if you think about practice in other terms — like a yoga practice or medical practice？ With those kinds of practices， you’ve learned some stuff， right？ Progress happens naturally.It’s not preparatory.So just follow the process and take pleasure in it.This is what matters.” 　　I have now filled two sketchbooks just with portraits — more than 100 scribbled over a couple of months.In them I challenged myself to include people on every page.Used to drawing ghost-town versions， the first few pages were a struggle.But I started varying my morning coffee routine to find new places where I could observe life. 　　My latest sketchbook will tackle the challenge of all my drawings — hands.I’ve always had problems drawing hands.It’s early days， but I’m not fearing it as I would have before because it isn’t just practice any more. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者学习素描的经历，以此来强调如何将生活与学习融为一体，以促进艺术学习的提升。 5.What was the challenge the author faced when learning to draw？（　　） A.Lack of interest in traditional practice methods. B.Little progress despite extensive efforts. C.Difficulty in obtaining necessary resources. D.Inability to master specific drawing techniques. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的I’ve been teaching myself to draw for a few years ...None of these seems to be working.可知，作者在学习绘画时面临的挑战是：尽管作者付出了巨大努力，但进展甚微。 􀳁6.What did the author benefit from scribbling？（　　） A.Improving hand control. B.Enriching creative expression. C.Grasping ways to paint details. D.Accepting imperfections in art. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的The scribbles weren’t all good but they have become part of a whole.可知，虽然这些涂鸦并不都是好的，但作者接受它们成为整体的一部分。由此可推知，作者从涂鸦中获得的益处是接受了艺术的不完美。 􀳁7.According to Gregory， which attitude toward practice should be emphasized？（　　） A.Focus on specifics is essential. B.Repetition is a fundamental key. C.The emphasis lies in enjoying the process. D.The highlight is in well-organized exercises. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的So just follow the process and take pleasure in it.This is what matters.可知，对于练习，Gregory强调的重点在于享受过程。 􀳁8.What message does the story convey？（　　） A.Every beginning is difficult. B.Tailored methods drive progress. C.Art is the language of the soul. D.Integrating life enhances learning. 解析：D　推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了作者学习素描时，有一段时间进步缓慢，后来通过涂鸦的方式将绘画与生活结合，取得了一定进步，在作者看来，这种方式有助于提升学习效果。由此可推知，这个故事传达了“融入生活，促进学习”的思想。 Ⅱ.语法填空 􀳁　　（2025·合肥二模）Huang Danian， a noted Chinese geophysicist （地球物理学家）， 9.　　　　　 （devote） himself to science and made great contributions to China’s deep earth exploration. 　　Born in 1958 in Nanning， Guangxi， Huang’s passion 10.　　　　　　 geophysics started from an early age.In 1993， he went to England for further studies， and earned his doctor’s degree in geophysics， 11.　　　　　　 （rank） the top of his class.Huang later joined a geophysical service company in Cambridge to gain first-hand experience. 　　During his stay in England， Huang remained 12.　　　　　　 （commit） to his motherland.He long dreamed of going back to “serve my country with my whole heart”.The opportunity came in 2008， 13.　　　　　　 China launched a national program for global top talent.14.　　　　　　 （participate） in the program， Huang quit his job with no 15.　　　　　　 （hesitate） and returned to China as one of the first professionals. 　　Upon return， Huang 16.　　　　　　 （appoint） chief scientist of China’s biggest deep earth exploration program.Huang worked 17.　　　　　　 （tireless） around the clock.Thanks to Huang and his team’s efforts， China made 18.　　　　　　 significant breakthrough in deep earth exploration. 　　Huang passed away at the age of 58.His passing left the scientific community in sorrow， but he will be remembered forever for his devotion to his field and the love of his motherland. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国著名地球物理学家黄大年的生平事迹。 9.devoted　考查动词的时态。句意：黄大年是中国著名的地球物理学家，他致力于科学研究，为中国的深地探测作出了巨大贡献。设空处和made为并列谓语，应用一般过去时。故填devoted。 10.for　考查介词。句意：黄1958年出生于广西南宁，从小就对地球物理学充满热情。passion for为固定搭配，意为“对……的热情”。故填for。 11.ranking　考查非谓语动词。句意：1993年他赴英国深造，以班级第一名的成绩获得地球物理学博士学位。设空处作状语，he和rank为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式作状语。故填ranking。 12.committed　考查词形转换。句意：在英国期间，黄仍然心系祖国。remained为系动词，后接形容词作表语。故填committed。 13.when　考查定语从句。句意：机会出现在2008年，当时中国启动了一项面向全球顶尖人才的国家计划。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词2008在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词引导。故填when。 14.To participate　考查非谓语动词。句意：为了参加这个项目，黄毫不犹豫地辞去了工作，作为第一批专业人士之一回到了中国。设空处表目的，需用动词不定式作目的状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填To participate。 15.hesitation　考查词形转换。句意同上。设空处需填名词作介词宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填hesitation。 16.was appointed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：回国后，黄被任命为中国最大的深地探测项目的首席科学家。陈述过去的事实，应用一般过去时，Huang和appoint为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填was appointed。 17.tirelessly　考查词形转换。句意：黄夜以继日地辛勤工作。修饰动词worked，应用副词作状语。故填tirelessly。 18.a　考查冠词。句意：由于黄和他的团队的努力，中国在深地探测方面取得了重大突破。breakthrough为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且significant的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $