专题09 名词性从句（复习讲义）（北京专用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

目录 01 析·考情精解 1 02 构·知能架构 2 03 破·考点攻坚 3 考点精讲一 名词性从句类型 5 考点精讲二 名词性从句的引导词 6 考点精讲三 名词性从句常见问题 9 01 析·考情精解 命题轨迹透视 北京卷名词从句以语法填空形式考查，聚焦宾从、表从等基础类型。核心是 that/what/whether 等连接词辨析，需结合语境和从句成分判断。不考复杂考点，题干依托生活或热点场景，侧重基础应用与语境融合。 年份 考点 原句 答案 解析 2025 表语从句 The truth, though, is 13. ______ could be guessed—there's never anyone else here.（2025 北京卷 A 篇） that 空格前为系动词 is，此处引导表语从句；从句 “could be guessed” 结构完整，无实际意义需补充，故填 that（that 在表语从句中仅起连接作用，不充当句子成分，也无实际语义）。 2022 宾语从句 It’s easy to explain how we determine 5. ______ smells are dangerous or not: we learn.（2022 北京卷 B 篇） whether 空格前 “determine” 为及物动词，此处引导宾语从句；从句后有 “or not”，表 “是否” 含义时，与 “or not” 搭配的连接词需用 whether（if 不能与 “or not” 直接搭配引导宾语从句），故填 whether。 2021 宾语从句（修饰不定代词的名词性从句） When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything 2. ______ happened during the day.（2021 北京卷 A 篇） that 空格前 “everything” 为不定代词，此处引导的从句作 “sort through” 的宾语（修饰不定代词的名词性从句）；从句中 “happened” 缺少主语，且先行词为不定代词 everything，故填 that（that 在从句中作主语，指代 everything）。 2021 宾语从句 The poor woman wasn’t able to give him any information about 5. ______ she lived.（2021 北京卷 B 篇） where 空格前 “about” 为介词，此处引导介词后的宾语从句；从句 “she lived” 结构完整，但缺少 “地点” 含义的状语，需补充表地点的连接词，故填 where（where 在从句中作地点状语，表 “…… 的地方”）。 2026命题预测 2026 北京卷名词性从句将延续语法填空形式，聚焦宾从、表从双核心，重点考查 that/what/whether 等连接词辨析。可能拓展形式主语类主语从句，阅读中或提升同位语从句权重，语境贴合生活、科技等热点。侧重基础应用与语境匹配。 02 构·知能架构 ( 名词性从句 从句类型 引导词类型 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 连词 连接代词 连接副词 that、whether、if what、which、who、whom whatever、whichever、whoever、whomever 等等 when、where、how、why等 whether\if 引导名词性从句用法 名词性从句的语序 无省略 无成分 that无含义 whether、if“是否” 陈述语序 whether可以引导所有的名词性从句 if只能引导宾语从句 在宾语从句中 whether/if ...or not是正确的 whether or not 是正确的 介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether 宾语从句本身是否定句的，只能用if whether to do 是正确的 1. That they are rich is true, isn't it?  2． Where he got it is unknown to us. 3．They lost their way in the woods, and what made matters worse was that night began to fall. 4． Whoever said that was wrong. 1.      He has told me ( that )he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 2.      We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 3.      I want to know what he has told you. 4.      She always thinks of how she can work well. 5.      She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 6.      His father is worried about whether he will l ose his work.   1.      The fact is that we have lost the game . 2.      This is where our problem lies. 3.      That is why he didn ’ t come to the meeting. 4.      China is not what it used to be. 1.      The news that we won the game is exciting. 2.      I have no idea when he will come back home. 3.      The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 4.      I had no idea that you were here． 1. Who will win the match is still unknown.  2. I want to know what he has told you. 3. The fact is that we have lost the game.     4. It will be decided at the class meeting who is to be the monitor of our class. 5. He was listening to what the teacher said . 6. I ’ d like to know whether he can help me or not. 7. What he is doing seems very difficult. 8. The important thing is how we can improve our studies. 9. When the sports meet is to be held is still under discussion. it做形式主语和形式宾语 It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation. It is certain that he will win the match. It is suggested that the work （should） be done with great care. It occurred to me that I had forgotten to lock my door. I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food. ) 03 破·考点攻坚 知识精要 在英语中，具有名词功能的从句为名词性从句，名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。 近年高考试题在语法填空中对名词性从句的考查主要在于判断并选用合适的连接词。因此，考生需要明晰名词性从句的类别及连接词的用法，尤其是连接副词和连接代词的正确使用。 测一测：以下是什么从句。 1. At lunch time, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. __________ 2. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. __________ 3. The customs office is where your baggage is inspected when you enter or leave a country. __________ 4. It depends on whether it will rain. __________ 5. Whether Native Americans arrived in California 15,000 years ago or 14,000 years ago is not important. __________ 6. It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. __________ 7. It looks as if it is going to snow. __________ 8. Word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them. __________ 1. 宾语从句 2. 表语从句 3. 表语从句 4. 宾语从句 5. 主语从句 6. 主语从句 7. 表语从句 8. 同位语从句 考点精讲一 名词性从句类型 1. 主语从句 (1) 主语从句在复合句中充当主语。 That she had changed so much was surprising. 她变化如此之大，令人惊讶。 What he needs is more experience. 他需要的是更多的经验。 (2) 很多主语从句都可以使用it作形式主语，把主语从句放在句尾。 常用it 作形式主语的句型有： 基本句型结构 常用词语 It is + 名词 + that从句 It is a fact/a shame/a pity/no wonder/good news/…that… It is + 形容词 + that从句 It is essential/strange/important/possible/likely/…that… （谓语动词常为should+动词原形） It is + 过去分词 + that从句 It is said/reported/decided/known/…that… It + 不及物动词 + that从句 It seemed/happened/doesn’t matter/has turned out/…that… It turned out that everyone arrived there ahead of time.结果发现所有人都提前到达了那里。 It is believed/said/reported that Sarah is a reliable teacher.人们认为 / 据说 / 据报道，萨拉是一位可靠的老师。 It’ s important that the future be built with a goal of caring for the environment.未来的建设以关注环境为目标，这一点至关重要。 It is no wonder that the children are excited—this is the first time they’ve been abroad.孩子们很兴奋不足为奇 —— 这是他们第一次出国。 It happened/occurred that I had driven that kind of car before.碰巧 / 恰巧我以前开过那种类型的车。 2. 宾语从句 (1) 宾语从句在复合句中可以做动词，介词或形容词的宾语。 ① 作动词宾语：He has informed me when they are to discuss those problems. 他已经通知我他们什么时候讨论这些问题。 ② 作介词宾语：He was not conscious of what an important discovery he had made. 他没有意识到自己有了多么重要的发现。 ③ 作形容词宾语：No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years. 没有人能确定一百万年后人类会是什么样子。 (2) that 从句一般不能充当介词宾语。 判断正误： I am thinking about that you will be the first one. __________ 判断正误 × 但是in that…(在于, 因为), but that…(若不是，只是), except that…(除了)是固定搭配。 He differed from his colleagues ___ in that _______ he devoted his spare time to reading. I would have come to see you ____ but that ______ I had something important to do. We knew nothing about him _____ except that _____ he graduated from a foreign university. (3) 用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(常为不定式/从句)后置。 ① sb. find/feel/think/consider/make it＋宾补 (形容词或名词)＋不定式/that... ② sb. hate/ like/ dislike/enjoy it when... ③ sb. appreciate it if... ④ sb. see to/ depend on/rely on it that... ⑤ sb. take it for granted that ⑥ sb. owe it to sb. that... 3. 表语从句 表语从句放在连系动词后，充当复合句中的表语，一般结构为“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。 At that time, it seemed as if I couldn’t think of the right word anyhow. 当时，我似乎无论如何都想不出合适的词。 That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields. 这就是为什么在新英格兰的田地周围使用石墙而不是围栏的原因。 4. 同位语从句 (1). 同位语从句用于对名词做进一步的解释，说明名词的内容。这个名词应该是表示抽象概念的词,如idea, fact, news, promise, hope, doubt, problem, conclusion, suggestion, order, demand, thought等。 We’ve just got word that he isn’t coming tonight.我们刚得到消息，他今晚不来了。 We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.我们还没解决去哪儿过暑假这个问题。 The Mona Lisa is widely seen as proof that good looks can last forever.《蒙娜丽莎》被广泛视为美貌可以永存的证据。 (2). 同位语从句与定语从句的区分。 同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。定语从句则是对于从句中的某一名词进行修饰。引导同位语从句的引导词为that, what, whether, how, where, when, why等。 eg. The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant. (___同位语_______从句) The manager put forward a suggestion that was agreed by all yesterday. (_____定语_____从句) 考点精讲二 名词性从句的引导词 一般说来，名词性从句的引导词可以是： 从属连词: that, if ,whether (只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分) 连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, which, whichever, whom, whomever, whose (不仅引导从句，而且还在从句中做主语、宾语、表语、定语等) 连接副词: when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however (引导从句并在从句中做状语) 从句类型 引导词 主语 从句 宾语从句 表语 从句 同位语 从句 动词 宾语 介词 宾语 形容词宾语 that ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ if ×句首 ★ ★ whether ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ who, whom, whose, which, what ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ when, where, how, why ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ wh-ever ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 1. 从属连词 (1) 关于that ① that只是引导名词性从句，本身并没有意义，在从句中不充当句子成分。 ② that引导主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句时一般不可省略；引导宾语从句时可以省略，但是如果引导两个宾语从句，第二个that 不能省略。 That they have been volunteering in the community for years is known to the neighbors.翻译：他们多年来一直在社区做志愿者，这一点邻居们都知道。 My suggestion is that we should hold a meeting to discuss the plan in detail.翻译：我的建议是我们应该开个会来详细讨论这个计划。 He put forward the idea that we could organize a charity sale to raise money for the poor.翻译：他提出了一个想法，即我们可以组织一场慈善义卖为穷人筹款。 She found out her brother had passed the exam and that he would receive a scholarship.翻译：她得知弟弟通过了考试，而且他会获得奖学金。 (2) 关于whether和if ① whether和if含义相同，都表示“是否”时，在名词性从句中不充当成分，但不可省略。 He asked whether/if there was something wrong. 他问是否出了什么事。 We wondered whether/if it would be better to remain silent. 我们想知道保持沉默是否更好。 ② 表示“是否”只能用whether不能用if的情况如下: a. 在表语从句、同位语从句和主语从句（句首）中 The question is whether the idea is practical. 问题是这个想法是否可行。 The news whether our team has won is unknown. 我们队是否获胜的消息尚不清楚。 Whether we will attend the meeting isn’t decided yet. 我们是否参加会议还没有决定。 b. 在介词之后 The sports meet depends on whether the weather is fine. 运动会取决于天气是否好。 Ryan was worrying about whether he had hurt her feelings. 瑞安担心他是否伤害了她的感情。 c. 后面直接跟动词不定式to do时 He doesn’t know whether to stay for another ten days. 他不知道是否还要再呆十天。 d. 其后紧跟or not 时 I do care whether or not he has realized his mistake. 我确实关心他是否意识到自己的错误。 (3) 关于与doubt有关的名词性从句的引导词。 如果复合句是肯定句，宾语从句由 whether/if引导，其它名词性从句由whether引导；如果是名词性从句否定句或疑问句，从句由that引导。 His doubt is ___whether_______ they can finish the task on time. There is great doubt among people ____whether______ they can finish the task on time. There is no doubt ____that______ he is guilty. I don’t doubt _____that_____ he was an honest man. 2. 连接代词 (1) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which等除了引导名词性从句外，还在从句中担任了一定的句子成分，如主语、宾语或定语等，且不可省略。 Who did the work is unknown. (who在从句中作____主语______ ) She wonders whose fault that is. (whose在从句中作____定语______ ) Here are some reference books. Could you tell me which are worth buying? (which在从句中作___主语___ ) You’d better ask him which platform the London train leaves from. (which在从句中作__定语___ ) She offered a reward to whoever would find his lost ring. (whoever在从句中作__主语__ ) (2) who与whoever, whomever who往往带有疑问意味，常翻译成“谁”，而whoever则不然，常翻译成“任何……的人”, whom(ever)是人称代词的宾格形式，故一般作宾语。 请用who, whoever, whomever填空 eg. He will give the book to ____ whoever/whomever ______ he likes. ____ Who ______ is responsible for the accident is not clear now. Could I speak to____ whoever ______ is in charge of International Sales, please? (3) what what有时可以表达其疑问意义，表示“什么”；有时可作双重连接代词，等于“the thing that/which” The teacher explained what causes the seasons to change. 老师解释了是什么导致季节变化。 This is what we refer to as "smart living". 这就是我们所说的 “智慧生活”。 Simple praise is not what the children truly need. 简单的表扬并不是孩子们真正需要的。 The small town is no longer what it looked like a decade ago.这个小镇已不再是十年前的样子了。 3. 连接副词 (1) when, where, how, why在句中既是名词性从句的引导词，又在从句中作状语。一般不可省略。 When the art exhibition will open to the public is not announced yet. 这场艺术展何时对公众开放尚未公布。 They wondered how the ancient building had been preserved so well. 他们想知道这座古老建筑是如何保存得如此完好的。 Spring is when flowers bloom and birds sing. 春天是花开鸟鸣的时节。 That mountain is where we had our first camping trip. 那座山是我们第一次露营的地方。 考点精讲三 名词性从句常见问题 1. 语序问题：名词从句中用陈述语序。   Tell us how you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule. 告诉我们你是如何提前完成这项艰巨任务的。 I have a question whether he will come. 我有一个问题，他是否会来。 2. 时态问题:名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致。宾语从句中从句时态与主句保持一致，但客观 真理需用一般现在时。 Hello, I didn’t know you were in London. How long have you been here? 你好，我不知道你在伦敦。你在这里多久了？ The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed. 老师告诉我们光以很高的速度传播。 1. （2025 朝阳一模 A）“______ makes the event so special is that it showcases Hainan's unique cultural identity. 解析：主语从句，从句 “makes the event so special” 缺主语，“what” 指代 “让活动特别的事物”，在从句中作主语，首字母大写，故填What。 2. （2025 海淀二模 A）“Before my trip to China in April, I was quite nervous because I had no idea ______ difficulties I would encounter at the border control department. 解析：宾语从句，从句中 “difficulties” 是名词，需连接词修饰，“what” 作定语表 “什么样的”，故填what。 3. （2024 海淀一模）The public praised the team's efficiency in turning ______ could have been a tragedy into a heartwarming reunion. 解析：宾语从句，作 “turning” 的宾语，从句 “could have been a tragedy” 缺主语，“what” 指代 “可能成为悲剧的事情”，故填what。 4. （2024 朝阳一模）If the recreated shoes truly reflect the real ones, they can help build a better picture of ______ Qin dynasty soldiers wore. 解析：宾语从句，作 “of” 的宾语，从句 “wore” 缺宾语，“what” 指代 “秦朝士兵穿的东西”，故填what。 5. （2024 丰台一模）But ______ The Times worries about is another kind of disappearing. 解析：主语从句，在句中作主语，从句 “worries about” 缺宾语，“what” 指代 “《泰晤士报》担忧的事情”，首字母大写，故填What。 6. （2025 海淀一模 B）To figure out whether alone time energizes or consumes you, you'd better dedicate a full day just to yourself and observe ______ it affects your emotions. 解析：宾语从句，作 “observe” 的宾语，从句 “affects” 缺方式状语，“how” 表 “如何影响情绪”，故填how。 7. （2025 东城一模 B）Experts hope to study whether other mammals have this skill, so they can better understand ______ different species learn to communicate with each other. 解析：宾语从句，作 “understand” 的宾语，从句 “learn” 缺方式状语，“how” 表 “不同物种如何学会交流”，故填how。 8. （2024 东城一模）They need time to make rules about ______ it's to be used properly in class. 解析：宾语从句，作 “about” 的宾语，从句表 “如何正确使用（它）”，“how” 作方式状语，故填how。 9. （2025 东城期末 B）Previously these robots needed sunlight to work, which limited ______ they could go. 解析：宾语从句，作 “limited” 的宾语，从句 “go” 是不及物动词，缺地点状语，“where” 表 “机器人能去的地方”，故填where。 10. （2025 丰台一模 A）This discovery also helps explain ______ seals, which don't face the same issue, lack these structures. 解析：宾语从句，作 “explain” 的宾语，从句表 “海豹缺少这些结构的原因”，“why” 作原因状语，故填why。 11. （2025 海淀期末 C）We all have been in this situation: At a meeting, everyone else agrees on a solution, and you are the only one still opposing it, or at least doubting ______ it will work. 解析：宾语从句，作 “doubting” 的宾语，从句结构完整，表 “是否可行”，填whether或if均可。 12. （2025 朝阳期末 B）Today, many people wonder ______ electric cars are better than gasoline cars. 解析：宾语从句，作 “wonder” 的宾语，从句表 “电动汽车是否比燃油车更好”，填whether或if均可。 13. （2025 东城二模 A）The next evening, a man knocked on my door and asked ______ I was missing a cat. 解析：宾语从句，作 “asked” 的宾语，从句表 “是否丢失猫”，填whether或if均可。 14. （2022 北京卷 B 篇，补充 2022 年关联考点）It’s easy to explain how we determine ______ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. 解析：宾语从句，作 “determine” 的宾语，因后接 “or not”，只能用 “whether”，故填whether。 15. （2024 西城二模）That's ______ companies are looking for people to help train AI programs. 解析：表语从句，作 “is” 的表语，从句结构完整、语义明确，“that” 可省略，此处填that。 16. （2025 朝阳二模 C）It is a particular state of mind ______ you hope for the best but prepare for the worst. 解析：同位语从句，解释说明 “a particular state of mind”，从句完整，“that” 不充当成分，故填that。 17. （2024 朝阳二模 B）It primarily represents a Chinese philosophical concept ______ harmonizes strength and gentleness. 解析：同位语从句，解释 “a Chinese philosophical concept” 的内涵，从句完整，“that” 仅起连接作用，故填that。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 目录 01 析·考情精解 1 02 构·知能架构 2 03 破·考点攻坚 3 考点精讲一 名词性从句类型 5 考点精讲二 名词性从句的引导词 6 考点精讲三 名词性从句常见问题 9 01 析·考情精解 命题轨迹透视 北京卷名词从句以语法填空形式考查，聚焦宾从、表从等基础类型。核心是 that/what/whether 等连接词辨析，需结合语境和从句成分判断。不考复杂考点，题干依托生活或热点场景，侧重基础应用与语境融合。 年份 考点 原句 答案 解析 2025 表语从句 The truth, though, is 13. ______ could be guessed—there's never anyone else here.（2025 北京卷 A 篇） that 空格前为系动词 is，此处引导表语从句；从句 “could be guessed” 结构完整，无实际意义需补充，故填 that（that 在表语从句中仅起连接作用，不充当句子成分，也无实际语义）。 2022 宾语从句 It’s easy to explain how we determine 5. ______ smells are dangerous or not: we learn.（2022 北京卷 B 篇） whether 空格前 “determine” 为及物动词，此处引导宾语从句；从句后有 “or not”，表 “是否” 含义时，与 “or not” 搭配的连接词需用 whether（if 不能与 “or not” 直接搭配引导宾语从句），故填 whether。 2021 宾语从句（修饰不定代词的名词性从句） When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything 2. ______ happened during the day.（2021 北京卷 A 篇） that 空格前 “everything” 为不定代词，此处引导的从句作 “sort through” 的宾语（修饰不定代词的名词性从句）；从句中 “happened” 缺少主语，且先行词为不定代词 everything，故填 that（that 在从句中作主语，指代 everything）。 2021 宾语从句 The poor woman wasn’t able to give him any information about 5. ______ she lived.（2021 北京卷 B 篇） where 空格前 “about” 为介词，此处引导介词后的宾语从句；从句 “she lived” 结构完整，但缺少 “地点” 含义的状语，需补充表地点的连接词，故填 where（where 在从句中作地点状语，表 “…… 的地方”）。 2026命题预测 2026 北京卷名词性从句将延续语法填空形式，聚焦宾从、表从双核心，重点考查 that/what/whether 等连接词辨析。可能拓展形式主语类主语从句，阅读中或提升同位语从句权重，语境贴合生活、科技等热点。侧重基础应用与语境匹配。 02 构·知能架构 ( 名词性从句 从句类型 引导词类型 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 连词 连接代词 连接副词 that、whether、if what、which、who、whom whatever、whichever、whoever、whomever 等等 when、where、how、why等 whether\if 引导名词性从句用法 名词性从句的语序 无省略 无成分 that无含义 whether、if“是否” 陈述语序 whether可以引导所有的名词性从句 if只能引导宾语从句 在宾语从句中 whether/if ...or not是正确的 whether or not 是正确的 介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether 宾语从句本身是否定句的，只能用if whether to do 是正确的 1. That they are rich is true, isn't it?  2． Where he got it is unknown to us. 3．They lost their way in the woods, and what made matters worse was that night began to fall. 4． Whoever said that was wrong. 1.      He has told me ( that )he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 2.      We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 3.      I want to know what he has told you. 4.      She always thinks of how she can work well. 5.      She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 6.      His father is worried about whether he will l ose his work.   1.      The fact is that we have lost the game . 2.      This is where our problem lies. 3.      That is why he didn ’ t come to the meeting. 4.      China is not what it used to be. 1.      The news that we won the game is exciting. 2.      I have no idea when he will come back home. 3.      The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 4.      I had no idea that you were here． 1. Who will win the match is still unknown.  2. I want to know what he has told you. 3. The fact is that we have lost the game.     4. It will be decided at the class meeting who is to be the monitor of our class. 5. He was listening to what the teacher said . 6. I ’ d like to know whether he can help me or not. 7. What he is doing seems very difficult. 8. The important thing is how we can improve our studies. 9. When the sports meet is to be held is still under discussion. it做形式主语和形式宾语 It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation. It is certain that he will win the match. It is suggested that the work （should） be done with great care. It occurred to me that I had forgotten to lock my door. I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food. ) 03 破·考点攻坚 知识精要 在英语中，具有名词功能的从句为名词性从句，名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。 近年高考试题在语法填空中对名词性从句的考查主要在于判断并选用合适的连接词。因此，考生需要明晰名词性从句的类别及连接词的用法，尤其是连接副词和连接代词的正确使用。 测一测：以下是什么从句。 1. At lunch time, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. __________ 2. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. __________ 3. The customs office is where your baggage is inspected when you enter or leave a country. __________ 4. It depends on whether it will rain. __________ 5. Whether Native Americans arrived in California 15,000 years ago or 14,000 years ago is not important. __________ 6. It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. __________ 7. It looks as if it is going to snow. __________ 8. Word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them. __________ 考点精讲一 名词性从句类型 1. 主语从句 (1) 主语从句在复合句中充当主语。 That she had changed so much was surprising. 她变化如此之大，令人惊讶。 What he needs is more experience. 他需要的是更多的经验。 (2) 很多主语从句都可以使用it作形式主语，把主语从句放在句尾。 常用it 作形式主语的句型有： 基本句型结构 常用词语 It is + 名词 + that从句 It is a fact/a shame/a pity/no wonder/good news/…that… It is + 形容词 + that从句 It is essential/strange/important/possible/likely/…that… （谓语动词常为should+动词原形） It is + 过去分词 + that从句 It is said/reported/decided/known/…that… It + 不及物动词 + that从句 It seemed/happened/doesn’t matter/has turned out/…that… It turned out that everyone arrived there ahead of time.结果发现所有人都提前到达了那里。 It is believed/said/reported that Sarah is a reliable teacher.人们认为 / 据说 / 据报道，萨拉是一位可靠的老师。 It’ s important that the future be built with a goal of caring for the environment.未来的建设以关注环境为目标，这一点至关重要。 It is no wonder that the children are excited—this is the first time they’ve been abroad.孩子们很兴奋不足为奇 —— 这是他们第一次出国。 It happened/occurred that I had driven that kind of car before.碰巧 / 恰巧我以前开过那种类型的车。 2. 宾语从句 (1) 宾语从句在复合句中可以做动词，介词或形容词的宾语。 ① 作动词宾语：He has informed me when they are to discuss those problems. 他已经通知我他们什么时候讨论这些问题。 ② 作介词宾语：He was not conscious of what an important discovery he had made. 他没有意识到自己有了多么重要的发现。 ③ 作形容词宾语：No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years. 没有人能确定一百万年后人类会是什么样子。 (2) that 从句一般不能充当介词宾语。 判断正误： I am thinking about that you will be the first one. __________ 但是in that…(在于, 因为), but that…(若不是，只是), except that…(除了)是固定搭配。 He differed from his colleagues __________ he devoted his spare time to reading. I would have come to see you _________ I had something important to do. We knew nothing about him __________ he graduated from a foreign university. (3) 用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(常为不定式/从句)后置。 ① sb. find/feel/think/consider/make it＋宾补 (形容词或名词)＋不定式/that... ② sb. hate/ like/ dislike/enjoy it when... ③ sb. appreciate it if... ④ sb. see to/ depend on/rely on it that... ⑤ sb. take it for granted that ⑥ sb. owe it to sb. that... 3. 表语从句 表语从句放在连系动词后，充当复合句中的表语，一般结构为“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。 At that time, it seemed as if I couldn’t think of the right word anyhow. 当时，我似乎无论如何都想不出合适的词。 That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields. 这就是为什么在新英格兰的田地周围使用石墙而不是围栏的原因。 4. 同位语从句 (1). 同位语从句用于对名词做进一步的解释，说明名词的内容。这个名词应该是表示抽象概念的词,如idea, fact, news, promise, hope, doubt, problem, conclusion, suggestion, order, demand, thought等。 We’ve just got word that he isn’t coming tonight.我们刚得到消息，他今晚不来了。 We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.我们还没解决去哪儿过暑假这个问题。 The Mona Lisa is widely seen as proof that good looks can last forever.《蒙娜丽莎》被广泛视为美貌可以永存的证据。 (2). 同位语从句与定语从句的区分。 同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。定语从句则是对于从句中的某一名词进行修饰。引导同位语从句的引导词为that, what, whether, how, where, when, why等。 eg. The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant. (__________从句) The manager put forward a suggestion that was agreed by all yesterday. (_________从句) 考点精讲二 名词性从句的引导词 一般说来，名词性从句的引导词可以是： 从属连词: that, if ,whether (只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分) 连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, which, whichever, whom, whomever, whose (不仅引导从句，而且还在从句中做主语、宾语、表语、定语等) 连接副词: when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however (引导从句并在从句中做状语) 从句类型 引导词 主语 从句 宾语从句 表语 从句 同位语 从句 动词 宾语 介词 宾语 形容词宾语 that ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ if ×句首 ★ ★ whether ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ who, whom, whose, which, what ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ when, where, how, why ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ wh-ever ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 1. 从属连词 (1) 关于that ① that只是引导名词性从句，本身并没有意义，在从句中不充当句子成分。 ② that引导主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句时一般不可省略；引导宾语从句时可以省略，但是如果引导两个宾语从句，第二个that 不能省略。 That they have been volunteering in the community for years is known to the neighbors.翻译：他们多年来一直在社区做志愿者，这一点邻居们都知道。 My suggestion is that we should hold a meeting to discuss the plan in detail.翻译：我的建议是我们应该开个会来详细讨论这个计划。 He put forward the idea that we could organize a charity sale to raise money for the poor.翻译：他提出了一个想法，即我们可以组织一场慈善义卖为穷人筹款。 She found out her brother had passed the exam and that he would receive a scholarship.翻译：她得知弟弟通过了考试，而且他会获得奖学金。 (2) 关于whether和if ① whether和if含义相同，都表示“是否”时，在名词性从句中不充当成分，但不可省略。 He asked whether/if there was something wrong. 他问是否出了什么事。 We wondered whether/if it would be better to remain silent. 我们想知道保持沉默是否更好。 ② 表示“是否”只能用whether不能用if的情况如下: a. 在表语从句、同位语从句和主语从句（句首）中 The question is whether the idea is practical. 问题是这个想法是否可行。 The news whether our team has won is unknown. 我们队是否获胜的消息尚不清楚。 Whether we will attend the meeting isn’t decided yet. 我们是否参加会议还没有决定。 b. 在介词之后 The sports meet depends on whether the weather is fine. 运动会取决于天气是否好。 Ryan was worrying about whether he had hurt her feelings. 瑞安担心他是否伤害了她的感情。 c. 后面直接跟动词不定式to do时 He doesn’t know whether to stay for another ten days. 他不知道是否还要再呆十天。 d. 其后紧跟or not 时 I do care whether or not he has realized his mistake. 我确实关心他是否意识到自己的错误。 (3) 关于与doubt有关的名词性从句的引导词。 如果复合句是肯定句，宾语从句由 whether/if引导，其它名词性从句由whether引导；如果是名词性从句否定句或疑问句，从句由that引导。 His doubt is __________ they can finish the task on time. There is great doubt among people _________ they can finish the task on time. There is no doubt __________ he is guilty. I don’t doubt __________ he was an honest man. 2. 连接代词 (1) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which等除了引导名词性从句外，还在从句中担任了一定的句子成分，如主语、宾语或定语等，且不可省略。 Who did the work is unknown. (who在从句中作__________ ) She wonders whose fault that is. (whose在从句中作__________ ) Here are some reference books. Could you tell me which are worth buying? (which在从句中作__________ ) You’d better ask him which platform the London train leaves from. (which在从句中作__________ ) She offered a reward to whoever would find his lost ring. (whoever在从句中作__________ ) (2) who与whoever, whomever who往往带有疑问意味，常翻译成“谁”，而whoever则不然，常翻译成“任何……的人”, whom(ever)是人称代词的宾格形式，故一般作宾语。 请用who, whoever, whomever填空 eg. He will give the book to __________ he likes. __________ is responsible for the accident is not clear now. Could I speak to__________ is in charge of International Sales, please? (3) what what有时可以表达其疑问意义，表示“什么”；有时可作双重连接代词，等于“the thing that/which” The teacher explained what causes the seasons to change. 老师解释了是什么导致季节变化。 This is what we refer to as "smart living". 这就是我们所说的 “智慧生活”。 Simple praise is not what the children truly need. 简单的表扬并不是孩子们真正需要的。 The small town is no longer what it looked like a decade ago.这个小镇已不再是十年前的样子了。 3. 连接副词 (1) when, where, how, why在句中既是名词性从句的引导词，又在从句中作状语。一般不可省略。 When the art exhibition will open to the public is not announced yet. 这场艺术展何时对公众开放尚未公布。 They wondered how the ancient building had been preserved so well. 他们想知道这座古老建筑是如何保存得如此完好的。 Spring is when flowers bloom and birds sing. 春天是花开鸟鸣的时节。 That mountain is where we had our first camping trip. 那座山是我们第一次露营的地方。 考点精讲三 名词性从句常见问题 1. 语序问题：名词从句中用陈述语序。   Tell us how you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule. 告诉我们你是如何提前完成这项艰巨任务的。 I have a question whether he will come. 我有一个问题，他是否会来。 2. 时态问题:名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致。宾语从句中从句时态与主句保持一致，但客观 真理需用一般现在时。 Hello, I didn’t know you were in London. How long have you been here? 你好，我不知道你在伦敦。你在这里多久了？ The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed. 老师告诉我们光以很高的速度传播。 1. （2025 朝阳一模 A）“______ makes the event so special is that it showcases Hainan's unique cultural identity. 2. （2025 海淀二模 A）“Before my trip to China in April, I was quite nervous because I had no idea ______ difficulties I would encounter at the border control department. 3. （2024 海淀一模）The public praised the team's efficiency in turning ______ could have been a tragedy into a heartwarming reunion. 4. （2024 朝阳一模）If the recreated shoes truly reflect the real ones, they can help build a better picture of ______ Qin dynasty soldiers wore. 5. （2024 丰台一模）But ______ The Times worries about is another kind of disappearing. 6. （2025 海淀一模 B）To figure out whether alone time energizes or consumes you, you'd better dedicate a full day just to yourself and observe ______ it affects your emotions. 7. （2025 东城一模 B）Experts hope to study whether other mammals have this skill, so they can better understand ______ different species learn to communicate with each other. 8. （2024 东城一模）They need time to make rules about ______ it's to be used properly in class. 9. （2025 东城期末 B）Previously these robots needed sunlight to work, which limited ______ they could go. 的地方”，故填where。 10. （2025 丰台一模 A）This discovery also helps explain ______ seals, which don't face the same issue, lack these structures. 11. （2025 海淀期末 C）We all have been in this situation: At a meeting, everyone else agrees on a solution, and you are the only one still opposing it, or at least doubting ______ it will work. 12. （2025 朝阳期末 B）Today, many people wonder ______ electric cars are better than gasoline cars. 13. （2025 东城二模 A）The next evening, a man knocked on my door and asked ______ I was missing a cat. 14. （2022 北京卷 B 篇，补充 2022 年关联考点）It’s easy to explain how we determine ______ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. 15. （2024 西城二模）That's ______ companies are looking for people to help train AI programs. 16. （2025 朝阳二模 C）It is a particular state of mind ______ you hope for the best but prepare for the worst. 17. （2024 朝阳二模 B）It primarily represents a Chinese philosophical concept ______ harmonizes strength and gentleness. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $