专题04 阅读理解（记叙文）（期末真题汇编）高二英语上学期人教版

专题04 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与社会——社区包容与社会互助 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·浙江杭州·期末） We’ve seen the images of destruction, ruins and flooding left behind from Hurricane Helene. But other images also came out of the storm: family photos. After the deadly hurricane in October, Taylor Schenker found herself with about 200 family photos that didn’t belong to her. It started after the storm. Schenker’s house weathered Helene well, but she said her friend’s entire home was destroyed by flood. Schenker and her friend went for a walk to check out the home, which was one of the many local homes that ware destroyed. “We spent about four hours digging through the ruins, looking for my friend’s belongings,” Schenker told CBS News last month. “And during the search, I found five photographs. We laid out the photos along the river bank, hoping they would be reunited with their owners.” Schenker later uploaded the photos online. She said she found about 100 photos herself, but picked up about another 100 from others who found them, including search and rescue teams. To date, she has reunited around 15% of the photos with their owners. She still adds new photos to Instagram daily. Each reunion is a heartwarming reminder that what she’s doing is important. “I’m grateful for being able to do this. When you hand something so special to somebody and then give them a hug — it’s such a privilege,” she said. Schenker mails photos to people who are no longer in the area, but she also hand delivers the ones that belong to families who stayed close by. In one case, a college-aged son found his family’s photos on her Instagram, reached out to Schenker and connected her with his mom. “We have now found five photos of this one family, of these two sons, and when I met with the mom to reunite the photos, she shared that one of her sons had actually passed,” Schenker said. “And so, when they lost their home, they lost all memory of this child, which is absolutely devastating in addition to the disaster that has already happened.” She said she recently went for another so-called photo walk — where she dug through ruins to find images — and recognized the woman’s late son in yet another photo. 1．What do we know about Taylor Schenker? A．Her home was destroyed by hurricane Helene. B．She looked for missing photos for a living. C．She helped many hurricane survivors by collecting photos. D．She was known for reuniting people with their missing families. 2．What does the underlined word ones in paragraph 6 refer to? A．Families. B．Photos. C．Mails. D．Lives. 3．The author proves the importance of Schenker’s efforts by all the following EXCEPT ________. A．making comparisons B．providing data C．quoting comments D．giving examples 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Families reunited on social media B．Looking into the ruins for hope C．Hurricane torn down millions of homes D．A special reunion after the storm 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Taylor Schenker在飓风Helene过后，帮助幸存者寻找和归还家庭照片的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Schenker’s house weathered Helene well, but she said her friend’s entire home was destroyed by flood. (Schenker的房子在飓风Helene中安然无恙，但她说她朋友的整个家被洪水摧毁了)”可知，A选项错误。根据第四段中的“Schenker later uploaded the photos online. She said she found about 100 photos herself, but picked up about another 100 from others who found them, including search and rescue teams.(Schenker后来将这些照片上传到网上。她说她自己找到了大约100张照片，但从其他人那里又收集了大约100张，包括搜救队找到的)”可知，她通过收集照片帮助了许多飓风幸存者。B和D选项在文中没有提到。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第六段中“Schenker mails photos to people who are no longer in the area, but she also hand delivers the ones that belong to families who stayed close by.(Schenker将照片邮寄给那些已经不在该地区的人，但她也会亲手将那些属于住在附近的家庭的照片送给他们)”中的deliver和belong to families可知，ones指代的是photos。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“To date, she has reunited around 15% of the photos with their owners.(到目前为止，她已经将大约15%的照片归还给了它们的主人)”和第五段中的“Each reunion is a heartwarming reminder that what she’s doing is important.(每次重逢都是一个温馨的提醒，表明她所做的工作很重要)”及第六段中的“In one case, a college-aged son found his family’s photos on her Instagram, reached out to Schenker and connected her with his mom.(在一个案例中，一个大学生在她的Instagram上找到了他家的照片，联系了Schenker，并让她与他妈妈取得了联系)”可知，作者通过提供数据、引用评论、举例来证明Schenker努力的重要性。A选项making comparisons(进行比较)在文中没有体现。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，主要讲述了Taylor Schenker在飓风Helene过后，帮助幸存者寻找和归还家庭照片的故事，强调了她所做的工作的重要性。 “Families reunited on social media”虽然提到了社交媒体，但文章的重点是照片的重聚，而不是通过社交媒体重聚家庭。“Looking into the ruins for hope”和“Hurricane torn down millions of homes”虽然与文章内容相关，但不够具体，无法准确概括文章的核心故事。由此可知，“A special reunion after the storm(风暴后的特殊重逢)”最能概括文章的主题，强调了在灾难后通过照片实现的特殊重聚。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·山东德州·期末） Jack, a 14-year-old from Salt Lake City, was born with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征), which brought him physical and cognitive challenges. However, with the proper support and resources, many people with Down syndrome are able to live fulfilling lives, participate in their communities, and achieve personal goals. Since Jack is a little smaller and slower than many of his peers, his parents, Devon and Kimberly, often worry that other kids might leave him out, fearing he could get hurt. But they do hope there are certain activities to keep Jack engaged. Devon suggested playing kickball, a sport he enjoyed growing up with his friends. The couple invited kids from the neighborhood, dividing them into two teams. And Jack’s only job was to kick the ball. This way, while the other kids were running, they didn’t have to worry about accidentally knocking Jack over, but he could still be involved in every play and every kick. Thus the kickball team, named the Inclusion FC, was established by the couple and a group of kids in the community to involve more kids like Jack and make them all feel included. They played and trained like professional players, often amusing that the Inclusion FC helped develop their talents and achieve their athletic dreams. After one game, Kimberly posted a video about the experience online, where it has gone viral with more than 1.5 million views and almost 3,000 comments. “Best Dad Ever! Inclusion Matters!” she titled the video. “The cool thing for us is that Jack now has relationships with all the kids in the neighborhood,” Devon continues. “With the Inclusion FC taking off, I thought, this is so amazing because it has got to be that glimpse of hope for those with Down syndrome, and every kid is a special gift.” As for Jack’s future, the parents hope that he continues to grow up in a world where he’s accepted and included. “There’s so many possibilities out there,” Kimberly says. 5．What does the author intend to imply about Jack in paragraph 1? A．He may be left out by his peers. B．He will get rid of Down syndrome. C．He can enjoy his life and himself with support. D．He might face challenges due to his personality. 6．Which of the following describes Jack’s parents best? A．Strict. B．Devoted. C．Innocent. D．Modest. 7．Why was the kickball team set up? A．To attract more sponsors. B．To welcome more kids to join in. C．To achieve kids’ professional dreams. D．To treat children’s disabilities in sports. 8．What does the couple stress when talking about their efforts? A．The importance of competition in sports. B．The need for constant practice to succeed. C．The significance of posting videos online. D．The value of celebrating kids’ unique ability. 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．B 8．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自盐湖城的14岁男孩Jack患有唐氏综合征，他的父母为了让他融入社区，组织踢球活动并成立球队，通过这项活动让Jack和其他孩子建立关系。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段“Jack, a 14-year-old from Salt Lake City, was born with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征), which brought him physical and cognitive challenges. However, with the proper support and resources, many people with Down syndrome are able to live fulfilling lives, participate in their communities, and achieve personal goals. (Jack是来自盐湖城的一名14岁少年，他出生时患有唐氏综合征，这给他带来了身体和认知上的挑战。然而，在适当的支持和资源帮助下，许多患有唐氏综合征的人能够过上充实的生活，参与社区活动，并实现个人目标)”可知，尽管Jack患有唐氏综合征，但在适当的支持和资源帮助下，许多像他这样的人能够过上充实的生活，实现个人目标。因此，作者暗示杰克在支持下可以享受生活和自己。故选C项。 6．推理判断题。根据第二段中“But they do hope there are certain activities to keep Jack engaged. Devon suggested playing kickball, a sport he enjoyed growing up with his friends. The couple invited kids from the neighborhood, dividing them into two teams. And Jack’s only job was to kick the ball. (但他们确实希望有一些活动能让Jack参与其中。Devon建议玩踢球，这是他小时候和朋友们一起喜欢的运动。这对夫妇邀请了附近的孩子，将他们分成两队。而Jack唯一的任务就是踢球)”和第三段中“Thus the kickball team, named the Inclusion FC, was established by the couple and a group of kids in the community to involve more kids like Jack and make them all feel included. (因此，这对夫妇和社区里的一群孩子共同成立了名为“Inclusion  FC”的踢球队，旨在让更多像Jack这样的孩子参与其中，并让他们感受到被包容)”可知，Jack的父母为了让他融入社区，组织踢球活动并成立球队，展现了他们对Jack的关心和付出。因此，“Devoted (奉献的)”最能描述他们。故选B项。 7．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thus the kickball team, named the Inclusion FC, was established by the couple and a group of kids in the community to involve more kids like Jack and make them all feel included. (因此，这对夫妇和社区里的一群孩子共同成立了名为“Inclusion  FC”的踢球队，旨在让更多像Jack这样的孩子参与其中，并让他们感受到被包容)”可知，他们成立球队的目的是欢迎更多孩子加入。故选B项。 8．推理判断题。根据第四段中Devon所说的话“With the Inclusion FC taking off, I thought, this is so amazing because it has got to be that glimpse of hope for those with Down syndrome, and every kid is a special gift. (随着“Inclusion FC”的成功，我想，这真是太棒了，因为它为唐氏综合征患者带来了希望的曙光，而每个孩子都是一份特别的礼物)”可知，Jack的父母认为他们的努力是值得的，指出每个孩子都是特别的礼物。这表明他们强调赞美孩子独特能力的价值。故选D项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·福建泉州·期末） Born in Germany, Kathrine Switzer was an athletic and driven child. As a young girl, Switzer was active in various sports, but she faced huge troubles as there was a widely held attitude that women in sports were unattractive. In high school, she began to take running more seriously, often training in secret. She developed her determination (意志) and running skills through continuous practice, often running long distances to build her stamina (耐力). Switzer attended Syracuse University, where she trained with the men’s cross-country team. During this time, Switzer decided to run the Boston Marathon. As there was nothing in the official rulebook preventing women from entering, she signed up for the 1967 race. She used the name “K. V. Switzer”. As a result, race officials did not realise she was a woman. But when the race officials discovered she was a woman, they tried to stop her. Fortunately, her boyfriend Tom Miller and a group of men runners formed a sort of protective curtain around her. Finally, she completed the race in four hours and twenty minutes. After that, she decided to help other women athletes. The Boston Marathon finally began accepting women runners in 1972, and three years later, Switzer placed second at the race with a time of 2:51:37, her personal best. In 1977, she created the Avon International Running Circuit, a worldwide series of women’s races that lay the groundwork for the women’s marathon to become an Olympic event in 1984. Switzer went on to found the women’s running club, 261 Fearless, and entered the National Women’s Hall of Fame in 2011. Still an active runner, Switzer even completed the Boston Marathon in 2017-fifty years after her historic run. “When I go to the Boston Marathon now, I have wet shoulders — women fall into my arms crying,” she said. “They’re crying for joy because running has changed their lives. They feel nothing is impossible.” 9．How did Switzer train as a young girl? A．By following a professional plan. B．By joining a cross-country team. C．By keeping running secretly. D．By seeking help from her coach. 10．What can we learn about Switzer in the 1967 marathon? A．She reached her personal best. B．She broke a record set by men. C．She lent a hand to another runner. D．She was the first woman to complete it. 11．What is the result of Switzer’s 1977 running series? A．261 Fearless was founded. B．She won many national honours. C．Women’s marathon entered the Olympics. D．Boston Marathon accepted women runners. 12．What is the best title of the text? A．Kathrine Switzer: A Pioneer in Women's Sports B．The 1967 Boston Marathon: A Race Against Time C．Seeking Possibilities: A Woman of Olympic Spirits D．Breaking Limits: The Story of a Marathon Champion 【答案】9．C 10．D 11．C 12．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Kathrine Switzer如何突破性别限制参与马拉松并推动女性运动发展的故事。 9．细节理解题。由文章第一段中“In high school, she began to take running-more seriously, often training in secret. (在高中时，她开始更加认真地对待跑步，经常秘密训练。)”可知，Switzer在小时候是通过秘密跑步来训练的。故选C。 10．推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“As there was nothing in the official rulebook preventing women from entering, she signed up for the 1967 race. She used the name “K. V. Switzer”. As a result, race officials did not realise she was a woman. (由于官方规则书中没有禁止女性参赛的规定，她报名参加了1967年的比赛。她使用了“K. V. Switzer”这个名字，因此比赛官员没有意识到她是女性。)”以及第三段“But when the race officials discovered she was a woman, they tried to stop her. Fortunately, her boyfriend Tom Miller and a group of men runners formed a sort of protective curtain around her. Finally, she completed the race in four hours and twenty minutes. (但当比赛官员发现她是女性时，他们试图阻止她参赛。幸运的是，她的男友Tom Miller和一群男跑者围在她周围，形成了一种保护屏障。最终，她以4小时20分钟的成绩完成了比赛。)”可知，当时官方规则没有禁止女性参赛，但比赛官员发现她是女性后试图阻止她，最后她完成了比赛，由此可推断她是第一个完成1967年波士顿马拉松的女性。故选D。 11．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“In 1977, she created the Avon International Running Circuit, a worldwide series of women’s races that lay the groundwork for the women’s marathon to become an Olympic event in 1984. (1977年，她创立了Avon International Running Circuit，这是一系列全球性的女子赛跑活动，为女子马拉松成为1984年奥运会项目奠定了基础。)”可知，Switzer在 1977 年创立的跑步系列赛事为1984年女子马拉松成为奥运会项目奠定了基础，也就是使得女子马拉松进入了奥运会。故选C。 12．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“As there was nothing in the official rulebook preventing women from entering, she signed up for the 1967 race. She used the name “K. V. Switzer”. As a result, race officials did not realise she was a woman. (由于官方规则书中没有禁止女性参赛的规定，她报名参加了1967年的比赛。她使用了“K. V. Switzer”这个名字，因此比赛官员没有意识到她是女性。)”以及第三段“But when the race officials discovered she was a woman, they tried to stop her. Fortunately, her boyfriend Tom Miller and a group of men runners formed a sort of protective curtain around her. Finally, she completed the race in four hours and twenty minutes. (但当比赛官员发现她是女性时，他们试图阻止她参赛。幸运的是，她的男友Tom Miller和一群男跑者围在她周围，形成了一种保护屏障。最终，她以4小时20分钟的成绩完成了比赛。)”、第四段中“In 1977, she created the Avon International Running Circuit, a worldwide series of women’s races that lay the groundwork for the women’s marathon to become an Olympic event in 1984. (1977年，她创立了Avon International Running Circuit，这是一系列全球性的女子赛跑活动，为女子马拉松成为1984年奥运会项目奠定了基础。)”可知，文章主要讲述了Kathrine Switzer作为女性在体育领域的先驱，如何克服重重困难，推动女性参与马拉松等体育活动，并为女性马拉松成为奥运会项目奠定基础的故事。因此，最符合文章主旨的标题是“Kathrine Switzer: A Pioneer in Women’s Sports (Kathrine Switzer：女子体育的先驱)”。故选A。 主题02 人与自我——自我认知与成长 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·北京房山·期末） As a child, Wang Junyan never dreamed of becoming a famous person on TV. Now she is the presenter for Universe TV’s news programmes. I asked her how she had achieved success, and she told me her story. “It was my mother who taught me to be curious: She had a great love of everything in the universe and she taught me to be interested in mankind and nature,” Junyan told me. “We would look in old nests to find birds’ feathers and we would even turn over stones to look at the little creatures there. I loved doing that,” remembered Junyan. She said, “My mother was a strong character. Although there were lots of difficulties to overcome, she never let her problems defeat her. She worked extremely hard to support me through school and during my time at Fudan University. Her attitude towards life will never stop influencing my thoughts and actions.” After graduating from university, she became a reporter for a local newspaper. She said she chose to be a journalist because it is important that people grasp what is going on around them. I asked her if there was any special moment that made her realise this and she replied that it was after she was asked to inspect an illegal business. Her report helped the people who had been affected and it also helped the government inspect the company and catch the guilty people. “That is when I realised the importance of being a journalist,” said Junyan. “Writing that report wasn’t easy, but I realised that people needed to know and so I didn’t give up,” Junyan told me. I asked Junyan what she liked most about her job and she said that although there wasn’t much glory in a reporter’s existence, she found it interesting and challenging. “I meet a lot of people and go to many different places. I’m never bored with this job!” She added that as a reporter she needed many different skills and was constantly challenged to learn new things. Finally, I asked her if after many years she still felt curious. Smiling brightly, she told me, “Nothing that I learned from my mother has ever left me. Today when I’m looking for stories, I still feel like I’m turning over stones to see what might be hiding beneath!” 1．How did Junyan’s mother influence her? A．Junyan’s mother worked part-time to support her. B．Junyan’s-mother taught her how to write a good report. C．Junyan’s mother accompanied her to study at university. D．Junyan’s mother helped her to develop an interest in humans and nature. 2．Why did Junyan choose to be a journalist? A．To become a famous person on TV. B．To learn many different skills and new things. C．To meet more people and go to many different places. D．To make people aware of what is going on around them. 3．What did Junyan think of inspecting the illegal business? A．Scary but exciting. B．Difficult but meaningful. C．Simple but innovative. D．Dangerous but well-paid. 4．What does the author intend to tell us? A．Curiosity can make a difference in a person’s life. B．Accepting what you have makes you happy. C．Ups and downs can make one strong. D．Chance favors the prepared mind. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公王君燕在妈妈的影响下培养了好奇心，这种好奇心促使她对周围的事物感兴趣，选择成为记者，在工作中不断探索和追求真相，好奇心对她的人生产生了重要影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中““It was my mother who taught me to be curious: She had a great love of everything in the universe and she taught me to be interested in mankind and nature,” Junyan told me. “We would look in old nests to find birds’ feathers and we would even turn over stones to look at the little creatures there. I loved doing that,” remembered Junyan.( “是我的母亲教会我要有好奇心：她对宇宙中的一切都有极大的热爱，她教会我对人类和自然感兴趣，”君燕告诉我。“我们会在古老的鸟巢里寻找鸟类的羽毛，我们甚至会翻开石头来观察那里的小生物。我喜欢这样做，”君燕回忆道。)” 可知，王君燕的妈妈教她对宇宙中的一切充满热爱，培养了她对人类和自然的兴趣。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“She said she chose to be a journalist because it is important that people grasp what is going on around them.( 她说，她选择成为一名记者，因为人们了解周围发生的事情是很重要的。)”可知，王君燕选择成为一名记者是因为她认为让人们了解周围正在发生的事情很重要。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Her report helped the people who had been affected and it also helped the government inspect the company and catch the guilty people. “I hat is when I realised the importance of being a journalist,” said Junyan. “Writing that report wasn’t easy, but I realised that people needed to know and so I didn’t give up,” Junyan told me.( 她的报告帮助了那些受到影响的人，也帮助了政府检查公司，抓住了有罪的人。“那时我才意识到作为一名记者的重要性，”君燕说。“写那份报告并不容易，但我意识到人们需要知道，所以我没有放弃，”君燕告诉我。)” 可知，王君燕认为调查非法企业写报告虽然不容易（困难），但帮助了受影响的人，也帮助政府检查公司并抓住了有罪的人（有意义），B选项“Difficult but meaningful.”（困难但有意义）正确。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“I’m never bored with this job!” She added that as a reporter she needed many different skills and was constantly challenged to learn new things. Finally, I asked her if after many years she still felt curious. Smiling brightly, she told me, “Nothing that I learned from my mother has ever left me. Today when I’m looking for stories, I still feel like I’m turning over stones to see what might be hiding beneath!”(我对这份工作永远不会感到厌倦！”她补充说，作为一名记者，她需要许多不同的技能，并不断挑战学习新事物。最后，我问她，多年以后，她是否仍然感到好奇。她灿烂地笑着对我说：“我从母亲那里学到的东西从来没有离开过我。今天，当我在寻找故事的时候，我仍然觉得自己是在翻石头，看看下面可能藏着什么！”)”可知，文章主要讲述了王君燕在妈妈的影响下培养了好奇心，这种好奇心促使她对周围的事物感兴趣，选择成为记者，在工作中不断探索和追求真相，好奇心对她的人生产生了重要影响。由此可推知，作者想告诉我们好奇心可以改变一个人的生活。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·四川南充·期末） It’s been a very hard and emotional year for me. My mum had been ill for 6 years and over that time she and I went to countless treatments and surgeries. She battled through them all with so much grace and seemed to beat each new cancer that popped up. But this year was different. Things changed dramatically and she lost her battle after 4 very intense and exhausting months. During the time my husband and I were caring for her, my poor old car developed problems too. I pushed it for months since I didn’t have time to be off the road. Long story short, a new light appeared. This one was the engine light. I was no longer needing my car the way I had so I decided to call my repairman about it. He asked me to bring the car in the next morning. When I arrived, he saw me parking from the office and immediately stopped what he was doing and came out. I’d expected to wait inside while he finished what he was doing but he recognized my car and came to me. I asked him how he was as I’d not seen him in 6 months or more. He told me how busy it was. But when he asked me, I immediately started to well up. He looked at me and I told him it had been a heartbreaking year. He told me about losing his grandparents so I shared as well. He gave me the not so great diagnosis of my car, told me to keep an eye on it, touched my arm and gave me a hug. His small act of kindness was giving me his attention, something he probably thought nothing of, but to me, it was huge. His genuine care and concern gave me a glimmer of light during a time when life was feeling so dark. 5．What was the main challenge the author faced this year? A．Losing her mother. B．Struggles with health. C．Problems with the car. D．Facing financial stress. 6．Why did the author put off repairing her car? A．She didn’t trust the repairman’s techniques. B．She couldn’t afford to repair it at the time. C．She couldn’t find time due to family duties. D．She didn’t take the problem seriously. 7．What does the underlined phrase “well up” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Burst out laughing. B．Get extremely frightened. C．Become tearful. D．Feel suddenly energetic. 8．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Taking responsibilities can be a stressful thing. B．Life’s challenges often come from unexpected situations. C．Building strong relationships helps solve problems. D．Acts of kindness can provide comfort during difficult times. 【答案】5．A 6．C 7．C 8．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的母亲因为癌症去世，作者十分伤心，结果修理工的一个善举给作者带来的光明。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Things changed dramatically and she lost her battle after 4 very intense and exhausting months.(事情发生了戏剧性的变化，在经历了4个非常紧张和疲惫的月后，她输掉了战斗)”可知，作者今年面临的主要挑战是失去母亲。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“During the time my husband and I were caring for her, my poor old car developed problems too. I pushed it for months since I didn’t have time to be off the road.(在我和丈夫照顾她的那段时间里，我那辆可怜的旧车也出了问题。我推迟了几个月，因为我没有时间上路)”可知，由于家庭责任，作者抽不出时间，所以推迟修理她的汽车。故选C。 7．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“He looked at me and I told him it had been a heartbreaking year.(他看着我，我告诉他这是令人心碎的一年)”可知，这是作者心碎的一年，所以对方问起作者时，作者因为伤心而泪流满面。故划线词意思是“泪流满面”。故选C。 8．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“His small act of kindness was giving me his attention, something he probably thought nothing of, but to me, it was huge. His genuine care and concern gave me a glimmer of light during a time when life was feeling so dark.(他的小小善举引起了我的注意，他可能没有想到这一点，但对我来说，这是巨大的。在我感到生活如此黑暗的时候，他真诚的关心给了我一线光明)”结合文章主要讲述了作者的母亲因为癌症去世，作者十分伤心，结果修理工的一个善举给作者带来的光明。可知，这篇文章主要讲了善举可以在困难时期提供安慰。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·重庆九龙坡·期末） In those distant days, almost everyone, Indian or European, kept a pet parrot or parakeet. After many repetitions by whichever member of the household had taken on the task of teaching the bird to talk, verbal expressions were picked up by the parrot over a period of time. But our parrot refused to talk. “You are no beauty! Can’t talk, can’t dance!” With these words, Aunt Ruby would tease (取笑) the unfortunate parakeet who stared sourly at everyone from his ornamental cage. Neither granny nor grandfather were keen on keeping caged birds as pets, but Aunt Ruby showed signs of losing temper if she did not get her way. One afternoon, while everyone was indoors enjoying a short nap, I gave the parrot his lunch and then purposely left the cage door open. Seconds later, the bird was winging its way into the freedom of the mango orchard. At the same time, grandfather came and remarked, “I see your Aunt’s parrot has escaped.” “The door was quite loose.” I said with a shrug. I thought we’d never see the parrot again, but a few days later, I found the bird sitting on the railing, looking expectantly at me. Then, Aunt Ruby emerged from her room, and with a cry of surprise, called out, “Look! There’s my parrot! Come back! He must have missed me!” With a loud sound, the parrot flew out of her reach and staying on the nearest rose bush, glared at Aunt Ruby and screamed at her in my Aunt’s familiar tones: “You’re no beauty! Can’t talk, can’t sing, can’t dance!” Aunt Ruby went ruby-red and dashed indoors. The parrot had learnt to talk after all. 9．What best describes Aunt Ruby’s personality? A．Warm-hearted. B．Narrow-minded. C．Self-centered. D．Even-tempered. 10．Which is the possible reason why the parrot can’t speak? A．The family’s loss of care and training. B．The parrot’s mere experience of freedom. C．The parrot’s lack of practice and repetition. D．Aunt Ruby’s teasing and negative attitude. 11．What can be inferred from the passage? A．Indian or European kept a pet parrot to teach the bird to speak. B．Environment is as important for animals’ learning as for humans. C．Aunt Ruby’s family were supportive of keeping the parrot as pets. D．The caged parrot flew away because the cage door was quite loose. 12．What is the tone of the passage? A．Ironical (嘲讽). B．Critical. C．Delightful. D．Hopeful. 【答案】9．C 10．D 11．B 12．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一只原本不会说话的鹦鹉，在逃离被囚禁的生活后学会说话，还用曾被取笑的话回怼嘲笑它的Aunt Ruby的故事。 9．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Neither granny nor grandfather were keen on keeping caged birds as pets, but Aunt Ruby showed signs of losing temper if she did not get her way.(奶奶和爷爷都不热衷于把笼养鸟当宠物养，但如果Aunt Ruby不能如愿，她就会发脾气)”可知，Aunt Ruby不顾家人的想法，只按照自己的意愿行事，说明她比较以自我为中心。故选C项。 10．推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘You are no beauty! Can’t talk, can’t dance!’ With these words, Aunt Ruby would tease (取笑) the unfortunate parakeet who stared sourly at everyone from his ornamental cage.(‘你一点也不漂亮！不能说话，不能跳舞！’Aunt Ruby阿姨会用这些话逗弄这只不幸的长尾小鹦鹉，它从它的装饰笼子里不友善地盯着每个人)”可知，Aunt Ruby对鹦鹉充满了取笑和负面态度，这可能是鹦鹉之前不会说话的原因。故选D项。 11．推理判断题。根据第三段中“One afternoon, while everyone was indoors enjoying a short nap, I gave the parrot his lunch and then purposely left the cage door open. Seconds later, the bird was winging its way into the freedom of the mango orchard.(一天下午，当大家都在屋里小睡时，我给鹦鹉喂了午餐，然后故意把笼门打开。几秒钟后，这只鸟振翅飞向了芒果园，重获自由)”可知，鹦鹉获得了自由，结合最后一段中“With a loud sound, the parrot flew out of her reach and staying on the nearest rose bush, glared at Aunt Ruby and screamed at her in my Aunt’s familiar tones: ‘You’re no beauty! Can’t talk, can’t sing, can’t dance!’(鹦鹉大叫一声，飞出了她够不到的地方，停在最近的玫瑰丛上，瞪着Aunt Ruby，用Aunt Ruby熟悉的语气对她尖叫道：‘你一点也不漂亮!不会说话，不会唱歌，不会跳舞!’)”可知，鹦鹉在自由环境下学会了说话。由此可推知，环境可能对动物的学习和人类的学习一样重要。故选B项。 12．推理判断题。第二段中“‘You are no beauty! Can’t talk, can’t dance!’ With these words, Aunt Ruby would tease (取笑) the unfortunate parakeet who stared sourly at everyone from his ornamental cage.(“你一点也不漂亮！”不能说话，不能跳舞！Aunt Ruby阿姨会用这些话逗弄这只不幸的长尾小鹦鹉，它从它的装饰笼子里不友善地盯着每个人)”Aunt Ruby取笑了鹦鹉，而最后一段中“With a loud sound, the parrot flew out of her reach and staying on the nearest rose bush, glared at Aunt Ruby and screamed at her in my Aunt’s familiar tones: ‘You’re no beauty! Can’t talk, can’t sing, can’t dance!’(鹦鹉大叫一声，飞出了她够不到的地方，停在最近的玫瑰丛上，瞪着Aunt Ruby，用Aunt Ruby熟悉的语气对她尖叫道：‘你一点也不漂亮!不会说话，不会唱歌，不会跳舞!’)”鹦鹉用Aunt Ruby取笑它的话回怼她，让她十分尴尬；由此可知，文章的基调带有一定的嘲讽意味。故选A项。 主题03 人与自然——环境保护与奥秘探索 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·湖北荆门·期末） For Cruz, who grew up in Peru’s mountainous region of Cuzco, fog represents a massive opportunity. As a boy, he had to hike for more than an hour every day across hills to collect water from the nearest source. But over time, he realized that during the rainy season, droplets of water would gather in the large leaves of banana trees. So one day he and his father tried to build a canal system with the leaves to collect water and it turned out a success. But afterwards, he moved to Lima at the age of 25. There, shocked by the water shortages and expensive water supply that some of the city’s poorest residents were faced with, Cruz set up El Movimiento Peruanos sin Agua in 2005. The idea was to deploy the method he learned in his hometown on a larger scale, which would provide free, independently sourced and easily accessible water to those who needed it most. He began installing (安装) a traditional fog catcher model developed in the 1980s. At the highest point of Los Tres Miradores, there is a curious set of large structures that resemble a fleet of ships in the sky. They are so-called “fog catchers”. Netted devices, made of high density Raschel polyethylene and spanning several meters wide, are lined up at the top of a misty mound and linked by a network of tubes that lead to storage containers. The 40 fog catchers there provide enough water for 180 families, whether to bathe, clean, drink or to irrigate crops on small garden patches. Supporters believe that fog catchers have the potential to improve water supply for communities around the world among the ever-challenging circumstances. German researcher Lummerich says, “They are cheap, easy to construct.” In a world searching for water supply systems, it is one important puzzle piece that can make an essential difference locally. However, there are some issues. For one, fog catchers require space, which is not always easy to come by in cities, let alone urban slums. At the same time, fog catchers must be properly cleaned and maintained to stay effective. Most crucially, appropriate climate conditions are required. Fog isn’t everywhere. 1．What does the underlined word “deploy” probably mean in paragraph 2? A．Employ. B．Adjust. C．Design. D．Study. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The reason why Cruz installed fog catchers. B．The difficulties of constructing a canal system. C．The installation and benefits of fog catchers. D．The inspiration Cruz gained to build a canal system. 3．What is the biggest challenge associated with the use of fog catchers? A．High costs. B．Public opposition. C．Space limitation. D．Climate conditions. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Urban Areas: A Struggle for Sufficient Water B．Innovative Water Collection Techniques in Peru C．The Global Water Crisis and Possible Solutions D．Fog Catchers: A Local Solution with Global Potential 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个成长在秘鲁山区的年轻人把在自己家乡所尝试发明的收集水的方式带到了后来搬去的一个水资源特别贫乏的地区，运用捕雾的方式解决了当地缺水的困境，给当地居民和生产都带了很多好处。 1．词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“There, shocked by the water shortages and expensive water supply that some of the city’s poorest residents were faced with, Cruz set up El Movimiento Peruanos sin Agua in 2005. (在那里，一些城市最贫穷的居民面临着水资源短缺和昂贵的供水，Cruz感到震惊，于2005年成立了El Movimiento Peruanos sin Agua)”和下文“He began installing (安装) a traditional fog catcher model developed in the 1980s. (他开始安装上世纪80年代开发的传统捕雾器模型)”可知，此处讲述了Cruz产生该想法是因为被当地的水资源贫乏情况震惊，他有了想法后便着手解决该问题。由此可知，这种想法应该是将之前在家乡学到的收集水的方法“使用”到新的环境中，划线词意思应该是“使用”，与employ意思相近。故选A项。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“At the highest point of Los Tres Miradores, there is a curious set of large structures that resemble a fleet of ships in the sky. They are so-called “fog catchers”. Netted devices, made of high density Raschel polyethylene and spanning several meters wide, are lined up at the top of a misty mound and linked by a network of tubes that lead to storage containers. The 40 fog catchers there provide enough water for 180 families, whether to bathe, clean, drink or to irrigate crops on small garden patches. (在Los Tres Miradores的最高点，有一组奇怪的大型建筑，就像天空中的舰队。它们就是所谓的“捕雾器”。网状装置由高密度拉舍尔聚乙烯制成，跨度为几米，排列在多雾的小山丘山顶，并通过通往存储容器的管道网络连接起来。那里的40个捕雾器为180个家庭提供了足够的水，无论是洗澡、清洁、饮用还是在小块花园里灌溉庄稼)”可知，本段首先介绍了在Tres Miradores安装的“捕雾器”的具体情况，然后陈述了它们带来的好处。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Most crucially, appropriate climate conditions are required. (最重要的是，需要适当的气候条件)”可知，捕雾器使用的最大挑战是气候条件。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了一个成长在秘鲁山区的年轻人把在自己家乡所尝试发明的收集水的方式带到了后来搬去的一个水资源特别贫乏的地区，运用捕雾的方式解决了当地缺水的困境，给当地居民和生产都带了很多好处。再结合第四段中“Supporters believe that fog catchers have the potential to improve water supply for communities around the world among the ever-challenging circumstances. (支持者认为，在充满挑战的环境中，捕雾器有潜力改善世界各地社区的供水)”可知，这位年轻人采用的捕雾器具有全球应用的潜力。由此可知，D项“捕雾器：具有全球潜力的地方解决方案”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·福建泉州·期末） One of the world’s rarest birds, the greater adjutant stork (大秃鹳), known locally as the Hargila was once considered “disease carrier” and “ugly” by the villagers in Assam who would destroy their nests. Dr Purnima Devi Barman, an Indian wildlife biologist, has been committed to protecting the endangered birds and changing the opinion of villagers. Barman’s love of animals started at age five while she lived with her grandparents by the Brahmaputra River, where she often encountered all sorts of birds coming to the fields and wetlands. Recalling one of the moments that changed her life, Barman said that while she was doing her PhD paper on the greater adjutant stork, she got a call telling her that a villager had cut the nest-tree of adjutant storks and nine chicks fell down. When she communicated with the villager and his neighbours, she was shouted at and laughed at. “The villager was so angry at me for rescuing the birds. One of his neighbours said that ‘we cannot keep it in our backyard. It makes our area very dirty and smelly’,” Barman recalled. But with her tireless effort, she managed to change his views and the villager joined her in protecting the birds. “After that, I experienced the power of the community and decided to make use of it for stork conservation,” Barman added. She then started the Hargila Army of villagers, especially the network of thousands of families across villages who travel door to door with her in spreading awareness and educating people about stork conservation. “Initially women hesitated to come out and volunteer. But one day, I organized a cooking contest and scores of people participated and that’s how all our gatherings revolved (围绕) around stork conservation and restoring their ecosystem. Slowly and gradually, we increased the network, and now we are saving many other endangered species,” Barman said. 5．What has led to the decrease of the storks in Assam? A．The attack of diseases. B．High demand for wood. C．Villagers’ negative attitude. D．Ignorance of their situation: 6．What drove Barman to found “the Hargila Army of villagers”? A．Her bird-watching experience. B．Her PhD study on the bird. C．Her effort to prevent tree cutting. D．Her communication with a villager. 7．How did Barman involve women at first? A．By visiting them door to door. B．By organising a cooking contest: C．By giving away food to them. D．By hosting voluntary activities. 8．What can we learn about Barman from her deeds? A．She strives to preserve wildlife. B．She values diverse views. C．She prioritises academic education. D．She cares about villagers’ welfare. 【答案】5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了印度野生生物学家普尔尼玛·德维·巴曼博士对于大秃鹳的保护工作。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段“One of the world’s rarest birds, the greater adjutant stork (大秃鹳), known locally as the Hargila was once considered “disease carrier” and “ugly” by the villagers in Assam who would destroy their nests. (世界上最稀有的鸟类之一，大秃鹳，在当地被称为哈吉拉，曾经被阿萨姆邦的村民认为是“疾病携带者”和“丑陋的”，他们会摧毁它们的巢穴。)”可知，村民的消极态度导致了大秃鹳的减少。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段“Recalling one of the moments that changed her life, Barman said that while she was doing her PhD paper on the greater adjutant stork, she got a call telling her that a villager had cut the nest-tree of adjutant storks and nine chicks fell down. When she communicated with the villager and his neighbours, she was shouted at and laughed at. “The villager was so angry at me for rescuing the birds. One of his neighbours said that ‘we cannot keep it in our backyard. It makes our area very dirty and smelly’,” Barman recalled. (回忆起改变她一生的一个时刻，巴曼说，当她正在写关于大秃鹳的博士论文时，她接到一个电话，告诉她一个村民砍倒了大秃鹳的巢树，九只小鸡掉了下来。当她与村民和他的邻居交流时，她被大声呵斥和嘲笑。“村民对我救了这些鸟很生气。他的一个邻居说：‘我们不能把它养在后院。它使我们的区域非常肮脏和难闻’，”巴曼回忆道。)”可知，和一个村民的交流驱使巴曼成立了“哈吉拉村民军”。故选D。 7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But one day, I organized a cooking contest and scores of people participated and that’s how all our gatherings revolved (围绕) around stork conservation and restoring their ecosystem. (但是有一天，我组织了一场烹饪比赛，很多人参加了比赛，我们所有的聚会都围绕着保护鹳和恢复它们的生态系统展开。)”可知，巴曼一开始通过组织烹饪比赛让女人参与进来。故选B。 8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Dr Purnima Devi Barman, an Indian wildlife biologist, has been committed to protecting the endangered birds and changing the opinion of villagers. (印度野生生物学家普尔尼玛·德维·巴曼博士一直致力于保护濒危鸟类，并改变村民的看法。)”以及倒数第二段“She then started the Hargila Army of villagers, especially the network of thousands of families across villages who travel door to door with her in spreading awareness and educating people about stork conservation. (然后，她成立了“哈吉拉村民军”，特别是由数千个家庭组成的网络，他们和她一起挨家挨户地传播鹳的保护意识，教育人们。)”可知，巴曼努力保护野生动物。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·四川乐山·期末） Growing up in the Western Ghats of Karnataka, India, Dr. Krithi Karanth began following her father, a leading tiger expert and biologist, into the jungle in India at just two years old. By the time she was a teenager, her encounters with wildlife became lessons in understanding the animals, who later became a conservation scientist and created “Wild Shaale”, an educational program to grow Indian youth’s understanding and interest in surrounding wild animals and habitats. But in India, the relationship between people, animals and nature is not always as positive, given the country’s particularly severe human-wildlife conflict. “Most kids grow up with a negative viewpoint on wildlife,” Karanth summarizes. Now the program has reached more than 700 schools and 30,000 children between the ages of 10 and 13 in villages with closeness to 20 wildlife parks across her native Western Ghats. Students paint, play games, and watch presentations on Indian wildlife, observing animal behaviors and environments. “Encouraging the students to find similarities between themselves and the animals is the first step to change perspectives and hopefully, behaviors. It comes down to the same things: we, humans and animal, both need food, we need water, we need space. Then they start to understand why situations of conflict arise,” Karanth says. “But then how do you convince them not to get angry, not to react in a way that leads to harm? That’s something we’re trying to work on. It’s not easy.” With Wild Shaale’s success in India, Karanth foresees the program one day going global: “I believe Wild Shaale should go to every kid on the planet. It is lying in everybody’s motivation to get the next generation to really care; it’s a long-term investment in building true acceptance for wildlife, true admiration and interest in our own natural heritage.” 9．What inspired Karanth to create the program? A．Her father’s career as a wildlife biologist. B．The richness of wildlife in her hometown. C．Her dangerous experiences in the jungle. D．Children’s negative attitudes to wildlife. 10．How did the program influence children? A．By arranging classes in wildlife parks. B．By encouraging them to play with animals. C．By developing their understanding of wildlife. D．By awarding those who come to visit the animals. 11．What does the underlined word “perspectives” mean in paragraph 4? A．Environment protections. B．People’s attitudes. C．Class teaching methods. D．Animal habitats. 12．What is Karanth’s expectation for the program? A．It will offer more survival skills. B．It will increase animal species. C．It will reach children worldwide. D．It will draw more investment. 【答案】9．D 10．C 11．B 12．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Krithi Karanth博士为保护环境创立教育项目Wild Shaale，旨在提高印度年轻人对周围野生动物和栖息地的理解和兴趣。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But in India, the relationship between people, animals and nature is not always as positive, given the country’s particularly severe human-wildlife conflict. “Most kids grow up with a negative viewpoint on wildlife,” Karanth summarizes.(但在印度，人、动物和自然之间的关系并不总是那么积极，因为印度人与野生动物之间的冲突特别严重。“大多数孩子在成长过程中对野生动物持负面看法，”Karanth总结道)”可知，是孩子们对野生动物的负面态度激发了Karanth创建这个教育项目。故选D项。 10．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Students paint, play games, and watch presentations on Indian wildlife, observing animal behaviors and environments.(学生们画画，玩游戏，观看关于印度野生动物的演讲，观察动物的行为和环境)”可知，这个项目是通过培养他们对野生动物的了解来影响孩子们的。故选C项。 11．词句猜测题。根据第四段中划线词后文“It comes down to the same things: we, humans and animal, both need food, we need water, we need space. Then they start to understand why situations of conflict arise(归根结底都是一样的：我们，人类和动物，都需要食物，需要水，需要空间。然后他们开始理解为什么会出现冲突)”等内容可知，学生在发现自己和动物之间的相似之处后，开始理解人类和动物之间的关系，对野生动物的观点态度发生了改变。划线词意为“人们的态度”。故选B项。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“With Wild Shaale’s success in India, Karanth foresees the program one day going global: “I believe Wild Shaale should go to every kid on the planet. It is lying in everybody’s motivation to get the next generation to really care; it’s a long-term investment in building true acceptance for wildlife, true admiration and interest in our own natural heritage.”(随着Wild Shaale在印度的成功，Karanth预计该项目有一天会走向全球：“我相信Wild Shaale应该进入地球上的每个孩子。它在于每个人的动机，让下一代真正关心；这是一项长期投资，旨在让人们真正接受野生动物，真正欣赏和关注我们自己的自然遗产。”)”可知，Karanth期望这个项目能惠及全世界的儿童。故选C项。 主题01 人与社会——学科文化与知识融合 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·山东菏泽·期末） Locals who frequent a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospital in Zhengzhou, Henan province, are often surprised when they are treated by a German doctor specializing in TCM with fluent Henan dialect. He is Joel Mikael Walker, a master’s student nearing graduation in the Henan University of Chinese Medicine. He skillfully performs techniques such as acupuncture (针灸), pulse diagnosis, and cupping therapy. Walker came to Henan province in 2015 when he was 20, because it is widely considered to be an important center for medical practice, education and research for traditional Chinese medicine. Now, he has fully adopted the lifestyle in Henan. On Chinese social media platforms, Walker is committed to promoting traditional Chinese medicine. His expertise in TCM fascinates Chinese netizens and he often uses ancient Chinese medical texts, for example, Huangdi Neijing, one of Chinese great medical works, to explain the philosophy behind the treatments. Other Chinese classics, such as Yijing, Zhuangzi, and Lunyu, which have long been foundation of Chinese philosophy, are also on Walker’s reading list. He takes pleasure in absorbing ancient wisdom because he finds many ideas deeply intertwined (交织) with TCM practices. One fundamental worldview of TCM highlights the balance, from which Walker himself benefited. In the past, he experienced significant emotional ups and downs, and tended to be somewhat stubborn, often viewing things from his own perspective. Now he has become more tolerant and approached issues from multiple angles with a more inclusive (包容的) perspective. In other words, his personality has also become more balanced. According to Walker, the unique wisdom rooted in Chinese culture can not only benefit physical well-being but can also extend beyond medicine and offer excellent guidance for the whole world. He stressed, “If more people could understand the TCM wisdom, the world would become more peaceful.” 1．What do we know about Walker? A．He is surprised at the locals’ dialect. B．He has gained a master’s degree in Henan. C．He has great skills of making acupuncture needles. D．He is a German good at traditional Chinese medicine. 2．Why did Walker come to Henan province? A．He intended to be popular online. B．Henan province is a centre for TCM. C．He desired to learn about its lifestyles. D．Henan province has rich natural resources. 3．What is the purpose of mentioning Walker’s emotional experiences? A．To show his positive changes. B．To prove the world is more peaceful. C．To introduce Chinese ancient classics. D．To share his ups and downs with the netizens. 4．Which of the following best describes Walker? A．Enthusiastic and kind. B．Courageous and calm. C．Cooperative and generous. D．Devoted and professional. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了德国人Walker在河南学习并推广中医的故事。 1．细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Locals who frequent a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospital in Zhengzhou, Henan province, are often surprised when they are treated by a German doctor specializing in TCM with fluent Henan dialect. He is Joel Mikael Walker, a master’s student nearing graduation in the Henan University of Chinese Medicine. (在河南省郑州市的一家传统中医医院，当地人经常惊讶地发现，他们接受治疗的是一位精通河南方言的德国医生。他叫Joel Mikael Walker，是河南中医药大学即将毕业的硕士研究生。)”可知，Walker是一个擅长中医的德国人。故选D。 2．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Walker came to Henan province in 2015 when he was 20, because it is widely considered to be an important center for medical practice, education and research for traditional Chinese medicine. (沃克于2015年20岁时来到河南省，因为这里被广泛认为是中医实践、教育和研究的重要中心。)”可知，他来到河南的原因是因为河南是中医的中心。故选B。 3．推理判断题。由文章第四段“One fundamental worldview of TCM highlights the balance, from which Walker himself benefited. In the past, he experienced significant emotional ups and downs, and tended to be somewhat stubborn, often viewing things from his own perspective. Now he has become more tolerant and approached issues from multiple angles with a more inclusive (包容的) perspective. In other words, his personality has also become more balanced. (中医的一个基本世界观强调平衡，Walker本人也从中受益。过去，他经历了显著的情绪波动，并且有些固执，常常从自己的角度看待问题。如今，他变得更加宽容，能够从多个角度看待问题，拥有更加包容的视角。换句话说，他的性格也变得更加平衡。)”可知，提到Walker的情绪经历是为了展示他从一个固执己见的人变得更为包容和平衡，即展示他的积极变化。故选A。 4．推理判断题。由文章第一段中“He skillfully performs techniques such as acupuncture (针灸), pulse diagnosis, and cupping therapy. (他熟练地掌握了针灸、脉诊和拔罐等中医技术。)”、第二段中“On Chinese social media platforms, Walker is committed to promoting traditional Chinese medicine. (在中国的社交媒体平台上，沃克致力于推广中医。)”可知，Walker不仅努力学习中医知识和技能，还致力于在中国社交媒体上推广中医。这些都表明Walker是一个敬业且专业的人。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·河南信阳·期末） One wheelchair user didn’t feel safe crossing the street from the sidewalk outside his apartment, so he decided to contact the city and let them know what was going on. In his e-mail, Adam explained that the area wasn’t very convenient for people using mobility aids. His city’s response to the message deserves a round of applause! They got to work creating a solution so that wheelchair users could safely and easily cross the street. In a slideshow on social media, Adam shared how his city began the process of creating a more convenient path from his sidewalk to the one across the street. First, they started digging up some of the grass so that they could set up ramps (坡道). Once that was finished, they started painting the street. Before Adam knew it, there was a convenient crosswalk for wheelchair users right outside his home. This wheelchair user was excited to tell his inspiring story on social media because it proves that “advocacy works.” Thanks to Adam contacting the city about his dangerous sidewalk, his community now has a safe and convenient crosswalk in their area! Commenters on his post praised him for standing up for himself and others with disabilities. “You not only advocated for yourself but your entire community,” wrote one user. Another added, “I work for city public works and a lot of the time we don’t know about an issue until a resident points it out. Thank you for making them aware, I'm sure others had the same issue!” Adam responded in the comments that he had no idea if his request would actually be heard, but he knew he had to give it a try anyway. Now, he’s really glad he did. It just goes to show you that speaking up is often worth it! 5．What does the underlined word “applause” in paragraph 1 most likely mean? A．Satisfaction. B．Praise. C．Attention. D．Donations. 6．How did Adam feel when he saw the convenient crosswalk outside his home? A．Relaxed. B．Excited. C．Disappointed. D．Indifferent. 7．What can we infer from the comments on Adam’s social media post? A．City public works employees are often unresponsive. B．Adam is a well-known advocate for wheelchair users. C．The city usually ignores requests from disabled residents. D．Many people were unaware of the sidewalk issue before Adam's post. 8．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The complaint ignored by the city community. B．The process of building a crosswalk for wheelchair users. C．The difficulties faced by wheelchair users in crossing streets. D．The importance of speaking up for community improvements. 【答案】5．B 6．B 7．D 8．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Adam要求城市社区为轮椅使用者修建无障碍人行横道的故事。 5．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“In his e-mail, Adam explained that the area wasn’t very convenient for people using mobility aids. (在电子邮件中，亚当解释说，这个地区对使用助行器的人不太方便)”和下文“They got to work creating a solution so that wheelchair users could safely and easily cross the street.(他们开始制定解决方案，使轮椅使用者能够安全且方便地过马路)”可知，城市执行亚当提出的建议，这是值得赞扬的，由此可推知，城市社区对这一消息的反应是值得赞扬的，故选B。 6．推理判断题。根据第三段中“This wheelchair user was excited to tell his inspiring story on social media because it proves that “advocacy works. ” Thanks to Adam contacting the city about his dangerous sidewalk, his community now has a safe and convenient crosswalk in their area! (这位轮椅用户在社交媒体上分享了他的励志故事，因为他证明了“倡导是有效的”。多亏亚当联系了市政府，反映他附近的人行道存在安全隐患，现在他的社区有了一个安全便捷的斑马线！)”可知，Adam的提出为城市轮椅者修建无障碍人行道的建议得到了实施，由此可推知，当Adam看到房屋外的便捷人行横道时会很兴奋，故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Another added, “I work for city public works and a lot of the time we don't know about an issue until a resident points it out. Thank you for making them aware, I'm sure others had the same issue! ”(另一位补充道：“我在市公共工程部门工作，很多时候我们不知道某个问题，直到有居民指出。感谢你让他们知道，我相信其他人也有问题！”)”可知，在市公共工程部门工作的一位职员指出，很多时候他们不知道某个问题，由此可推知，在Adam发帖之前，许多人都没有意识到人行道的问题。故选D。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“One wheelchair user didn’t feel safe crossing the street from the sidewalk outside his apartment, so he decided to contact the city and let them know what was going on. In his e-mail, Adam explained that the area wasn’t very convenient for people using mobility aids. His city’s response to the message deserves a round of applause! They got to work creating a solution so that wheelchair users could safely and easily cross the street.(一位轮椅使用者觉得从他公寓外的人行道过马路不安全，于是他决定联系市政府，让他们知道发生了什么。在他的电子邮件中，亚当解释说，这个地区对使用助行器的人们来说不太方便。他所在的城市对这一信息的回应值得称赞！他们开始制定解决方案，以便让轮椅使用者能够安全且方便地过马路)”可知，文章主要讲述了Adam要求城市社区为轮椅使用者修建无障碍人行横道的故事。D项“为社区改善发声的重要性”能概括本文大意，故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·北京丰台·期末） My school was nestled in a remote village in central Sri Lanka. When handball was introduced to Sri Lankan schools in 2010,I wanted to bring it to my school. As a new sport, I foresaw it as a golden opportunity for our school as we had never secured a place in traditional sports. A group of boys were immediately interested and 40 students signed up to play. I had the support of their parents but I still couldn’t convince the sports teacher to agree. Ultimately, Heshan, a boy who graduated some nine years earlier, agreed to coach the team. He was a member of a handball team and he assigned exercises and drills to do in his absence. Although handball is an indoor game, we trained outdoors as our school had limited facilities. Training started early in the morning before class and continued after school until it was dark. After three months of wholehearted training, we were able to send the team to compete with 50 other schools at the all-island school handball tournament held in Colombo — the country’s most populous city. Our boys played remarkably well and reached the semifinals. And that was when the real game started. People from Colombo schools joined forces against us, saying they wouldn’t allow the cup to be taken out of Colombo. They considered it a shame to lose a match against boys from a rural village school who couldn’t even speak English. Even the referees favoured the Colombo schools, resulting in our team being far away from the victory we deserved. Defeated, the boys fell to the ground, sad and disappointed. Heshan and I were angry. A few weeks after the defeat, Heshan and I met the national handball coach to discuss our treatment by the referees. He apologised and offered to send a Korean professional handball coach to our school for two weeks’ training. The following year, nobody could stop our team from winning the all-island schools handball championship. Unexpectedly, media attention was drawn to the tournament. A member of the School Handball Association invited me to provide commentary on the tournament in English on a television channel. I found this rather ironic that they chose a teacher from a remote village school to provide commentary in English. Heshan and I were extremely proud to have shown the boys that dreams can be fulfilled. 9．Why did the author introduce handball to his school? A．To improve the students’ sports skills. B．To demonstrate its growing popularity. C．To raise the school’s reputation in sports. D．To secure opportunities for traditional sports. 10．What was the biggest problem the team encountered during the tournament? A．Not gaining fair treatment. B．Not having enough practice. C．Not forming a desired team spirit. D．Not getting enough support from parents. 11．How did the author feel when he was invited to comment on TV channel? A．Confused but grateful. B．Astonished but honored. C．Nervous but confident. D．Embarrassed but fortunate. 12．What can we conclude from this passage? A．Perseverance can be rewarded. B．Innovation is the soul of progress. C．Prejudice is the child of ignorance. D．Crisis may stand in the way of success. 【答案】9．C 10．A 11．B 12．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在斯里兰卡乡村学校推广手球运动并取得成功的故事。 9．细节理解题。由文章第一段中“As a new sport, I foresaw it as a golden opportunity for our school as we had never secured a place in traditional sports. (作为一项新兴运动，我认为这是我们学校的一个绝佳机会，因为我们从未在传统体育项目中取得过一席之地。)”可知，作者向学校介绍手球是为了提高学校在体育方面的声誉。故选C。 10．细节理解题。由文章第四段中“They considered it a shame to lose a match against boys from a rural village school who couldn’t even speak English. Even the referees favoured the Colombo schools, resulting in our team being far away from the victory we deserved. (他们认为输给来自连英语都不会说的乡村学校的男生是一种耻辱。甚至裁判也偏袒科伦坡的学校，导致我们离应得的胜利越来越远。)”可知，该队在锦标赛中遇到的最大问题是没有得到公平对待。故选A。 11．推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中“A member of the School Handball Association invited me to provide commentary on the tournament in English on a television channel. I found this rather ironic that they chose a teacher from a remote village school to provide commentary in English. (学校手球协会的一名成员邀请我在一个电视频道上用英语对锦标赛进行解说。我觉得这很奇怪，他们竟然选择了一位来自偏远乡村学校的老师用英语进行解说。)”可知，当作者被邀请在电视频道上评论时，他感到惊讶但很荣幸。故选B。 12．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段中“The following year, nobody could stop our team from winning the all-island schools handball championship. (第二年，没有任何人能阻止我们的球队赢得全岛学校手球锦标赛冠军。)”和最后一段“Heshan and I were extremely proud to have shown the boys that dreams can be fulfilled. (Heshan和我为能让这些男生们明白梦想是可以实现的而感到无比自豪。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者向学校介绍手球运动，并带领队伍在不被看好的情况下，通过不懈努力最终赢得锦标赛冠军的故事。因此，我们可以从这篇文章中得出结论：坚持不懈可以得到回报。故选A。 主题02 人与自我——个人成长与自我坚守 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末） I have always been passionate about art, but with children to feed and educate, pursuing it seemed impossible. At 83, I finally registered for art school. Born in 1933, I led a life marked by family struggles but also resilience (适应力). I studied mechanical engineering and later management, becoming an associate professor at business school, where I now hold emeritus (荣誉退休的) status. About ten years ago, after my wife fell ill with Alzheimer’s and required care, I turned to painting. Determined to take this new path seriously, I applied to an art programme in Barcelona, insisting on painting despite advice to study art history. Balancing my studies with work, it took me seven years to complete the four-year course, graduating last year at the age of 90. Returning to school was a challenge; everything had changed since my earlier education. Most of my classmates were in their 20s, but they welcomed me warmly, often seeking my advice due to my life experience. I encountered some resistance from a couple of teachers early on, but I kept going. The first two years focused on flowers, still lifes, and landscapes, before we explored abstraction, which I enjoy most. I believe that talent comes from hard work; sometimes I feel stuck, but I push through. My artistic influences include Spanish painters like Francisco de Zurbarán and Joaquín Sorolla, and while I appreciate beauty, I value goodness and truth even more. I create abstract landscapes from memory, expressing my emotions through colour. I paint primarily on weekends and during holidays. While I don’t plan to exhibit extensively, my work was displayed in a small village for six months, though it received little attention. After a lifetime in engineering and education, I may not fully identify as an artist, but I now have the recognition that supports my journey into art. 1．Why did the author decide to pursue art at 83? A．To find cures for Alzheimer’s. B．To change his career path. C．To pursue his passion for art. D．To support his big family. 2．How did the author’s classmates react to him? A．They enjoyed his company. B．They tended to ignore him. C．They inspired him to go on. D．They resisted his presence. 3．Which best describes the author’s art journey? A．Eventful. B．Romantic. C．Casual. D．Challenging. 4．What would be a suitable title for the text? A．The Struggle of Old Artists. B．From Engineering to Art. C．The Value of Art Education. D．A Lifetime of Art Pursuit. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在83岁高龄追求自己喜欢的艺术的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I have always been passionate about art, but with children to feed and educate, pursuing it seemed impossible. At 83, I finally registered for art school.(我一直对艺术充满热情，但有孩子要养活和教育，追求艺术似乎是不可能的。83岁时，我终于报名了艺术学校。)”可知，作者对艺术充满热情，所以在83岁时报名了艺术学校，想要追求自己的艺术热情。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Most of my classmates were in their 20s, but they welcomed me warmly, often seeking my advice due to my life experience.(我的大多数同学都是20多岁，但他们热情地欢迎我，经常因为我的生活经历而寻求我的建议。)”可知，作者的同学欢迎作者，还寻求作者的建议，由此推测出，他们喜欢作者的陪伴。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Balancing my studies with work, it took me seven years to complete the four-year course, graduating last year at the age of 90.(平衡我的学习和工作，我花了七年时间完成了四年的课程，去年90岁毕业。)”、第三段中的“Returning to school was a challenge; everything had changed since my earlier education.(重返校园是一个挑战；自从我早期接受教育以来，一切都变了。)”和“I encountered some resistance from a couple of teachers early on, but I kept going.(我早些时候遇到了几位老师的阻力，但我还是坚持了下来。)”、第四段中的“I believe that talent comes from hard work; sometimes I feel stuck, but I push through.(我相信才华来自努力工作；有时候我觉得被困住了，但我坚持了下来。)”可知，作者由于要平衡学习和工作，花了七年时间才学完四年的课程，在学校的时候作者遇到了一些挑战，但作者都坚持下来了，由此可推出，作者的艺术学习之旅充满了挑战。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“At 83, I finally registered for art school.(83岁时，我终于注册了艺术学校。)”和“I studied mechanical engineering and later management, becoming an associate professor at business school, where I now hold emeritus (荣誉退休的) status.(我学习了机械工程，后来学习了管理，成为商学院的副教授，现在我在那里享有荣誉退休的地位。)”以及最后一段“After a lifetime in engineering and education, I may not fully identify as an artist, but I now have the recognition that supports my journey into art.(在工程和教育领域度过一生后，我可能不会完全认同自己是一名艺术家，但我现在得到了支持我艺术之旅的认可。)”可知，全文核心是作者从机械工程领域（mechanical engineering）转向艺术学习（journey into art）的历程。B项（从工程到艺术）适合作本文标题。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·福建莆田·期末）It was Ethan’s first camping trip, and every sound — the hoot of an owl, the rustle of squirrels — felt like a secret the woods was sharing. By dusk, they’d set up their tent, and Ethan proudly stacked firewood for their campfire, his dad teaching him to “keep it small, keep it safe.” Ethan woke to crackling. Not the soft pop of their fire, but a roar. Flames had caught the dry underbrush, climbing toward the trees. His dad was already yelling, grabbing their water jugs, but the fire spread faster than they could pour. “Stay back!” his dad shouted, racing to find help. Ethan froze, then remembered his science class: fire needs oxygen. He spotted their picnic blanket, thick and woolen. Without thinking, he grabbed it, soaked it in the nearby stream, and charged. The heat singed his cheeks as he threw the blanket over the smallest flames, smothering them. He repeated it, again and again, his arms burning, until only smoke curled from the blackened earth when his dad returned with rangers. “You saved this forest,” a ranger said, clapping his shoulder. But Ethan couldn’t stop thinking: What if I hadn’t had that blanket? Months later, his bedroom became a workshop. He studied forest fires online, learned they spread in unpredictable bursts, and brainstormed. Using an old backpack, a pressure valve from a bike pump, and a tank filled with fire-retardant foam, he built a prototype. It was light enough for a kid to carry, sprayed foam that clung to trees, and had a hose long enough to reach high branches.He called it the “Woodland Guardian.” At the school science fair, judges stared as he demonstrated. A forest ranger from that night even showed up, grinning. “This could change things,” she said. Ethan smiled, remembering the fire. Bravery, he realized, wasn’t just fighting flames — it was turning fear into something that protects. And sometimes, the smallest hands hold the biggest ideas. 5．What did Ethan’s dad teach him about campfire?​ A．To make it as big as possible.​ B．To let it burn all night. C．To keep it small and safe.​ D．To put it out immediately after use.​ 6．Why did Ethan use the picnic blanket to fight the fire?​ A．Because his dad told him to do so.​ B．Because he thought it could smother the fire by cutting off oxygen.​ C．Because there was no other equipment available.​ D．Because the blanket was fire-resistant.​ 7．What is the meaning of the underlined word in the text?​ A．restore​ B．sodden C．participate​ D．spray​ 8．What can we learn from Ethan’s story?​ A．Bravery is just about fighting against dangers directly.​ B．Small children can’t come up with great ideas.​ C．We should turn fear into something positive.​ D．Forest fires are easy to put out. 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．B 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了伊桑第一次露营时遭遇森林火灾，他运用科学知识成功控制了火势，之后还发明了“森林守护者”原型机，体现了将恐惧转化为保护力量的勇气。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“By dusk, they’d set up their tent, and Ethan proudly stacked firewood for their campfire, his dad teaching him to “keep it small, keep it safe.” (黄昏时分，他们搭好了帐篷，伊桑自豪地把篝火用的木柴堆起来，他爸爸教他“火要小，要安全”。)”可知，伊桑的爸爸教他让篝火要保持小而安全。故选C项。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ethan froze, then remembered his science class: fire needs oxygen. (伊桑愣住了，然后想起了他的科学课知识：火需要氧气。)”以及第三段中“The heat singed his cheeks as he threw the blanket over the smallest flames, smothering them. (当他把毯子扔到最小的火苗上时，热气烤得他脸颊生疼，火苗被扑灭了。)”可知，伊桑用野餐毯灭火是因为他想到了科学课上学的知识，认为毯子可以隔绝氧气来扑灭火焰。故选B项。 7．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“He spotted their picnic blanket, thick and woolen. Without thinking, he grabbed it, soaked it in the nearby stream, and charged. (他看到了他们厚厚的羊毛野餐毯。他不假思索地抓起毯子，在附近的小溪里soaked，然后冲了过去。)”可知，伊桑为了灭火，应是将野餐毯浸入附近的小溪中，因此soaked意为“浸湿”，与sodden意思相近。故选B项。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Bravery, he realized, wasn’t just fighting flames — it was turning fear into something that protects. (他意识到，勇敢不仅仅是与火焰搏斗，而是将恐惧转化为保护的力量。)”可知，伊桑的故事告诉我们应该将恐惧转化为积极的力量。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·河北唐山·期末） Emily had always been satisfied with her quiet life, reading books. Occasionally, she would join a few friends, a group of runners, who felt excited when crossing finish lines. During their weekly gatherings, her friends would share stories of their latest races with the joy of achievement while Emily would share the latest book she had read. One day, Emily’s friends announced their big challenge: a charity 5K race. They were determined to make it a yearly event, a way to give back to the community and to push their limits. As they excitedly discussed their training plans, she wondered what it would be like to experience that sense of achievement they talked about. Then Emily blurted (脱口而出) out, “Count me in.” The room fell silent, and then erupted into cheers. The weeks leading up to the race flew by in a rush of early morning runs and evenings spent learning about running techniques. Emily’s friends became her coaches, patiently teaching her how to pace herself and breathe properly. It wasn’t easy — her body resisted the new routine, and there were days when every muscle ached, forcing her to collapse onto the sofa. Yet, she never once questioned her decision. Gradually, things started to change. She began to celebrate small victories: the first time she ran a mile without stopping, the day she finished running without walking. Her friends’ constant encouragement kept her going. Then came the race day. Emily stood at the starting line, feeling a sense of belonging, a sense of being part of something larger than herself. The gun fired. She started to run. She felt alive, truly alive, in a way she had never experienced before. As she crossed the finish line, she saw her friends waiting, their faces shining with pride. At that moment, Emily understood the charm of running and the joy in it. She understood the power of challenging herself, of achieving what once seemed impossible. The race was over, but for Emily, a new chapter had begun. 9．How did Emily’s friends feel at her decision at first? A．Interested. B．Surprised. C．Frightened. D．Disappointed. 10．How can we describe Emily? A．Determined. B．Mild. C．Creative. D．Generous. 11．What is the best title for the passage? A．Witnessing Friendship B．Challenging for Leadership C．Crossing the Finish Line D．Dropping Reading for Running 【答案】9．B 10．A 11．C 【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了Emily原本满足于安静的读书生活，但在朋友的影响下，决定挑战自己参加慈善5K赛跑的故事。 9．推理判断题。根据第二段“As they excitedly discussed their training plans, she wondered what it would be like to experience that sense of achievement they talked about. Then Emily blurted (脱口而出) out, “Count me in.” The room fell silent, and then erupted into cheers.(当他们兴奋地讨论他们的训练计划时，她想知道体验他们所说的那种成就感会是什么感觉。然后Emily脱口而出：“算我一个。”房间里鸦雀无声，然后爆发出欢呼声)”可知，当Emily刚宣布决定的时候，朋友们鸦雀无声，所以应是感到惊讶的。故选B项。 10．推理判断题。根据第三段“The weeks leading up to the race flew by in a rush of early morning runs and evenings spent learning about running techniques. Emily’s friends became her coaches, patiently teaching her how to pace herself and breathe properly. It wasn’t easy — her body resisted the new routine, and there were days when every muscle ached, forcing her to collapse onto the sofa. Yet, she never once questioned her decision.(比赛前的几周在清晨的跑步和晚上学习跑步技巧的忙碌中飞逝而过。Emily的朋友们成了她的教练，耐心地教她如何控制节奏和正确呼吸。这并不容易——她的身体抗拒着新的日常安排，有些日子里，每一块肌肉都在疼痛，迫使她瘫倒在沙发上。然而，她从未质疑过自己的决定)”可知，训练很苦，但是Emily从未放弃，所以是有决心的。故选A项。 11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“As she crossed the finish line, she saw her friends waiting, their faces shining with pride. At that moment, Emily understood the charm of running and the joy in it. She understood the power of challenging herself, of achieving what once seemed impossible. The race was over, but for Emily, a new chapter had begun.(当她冲过终点线时，她看到她的朋友们在等着，他们的脸上洋溢着自豪。在那一刻，艾米丽明白了跑步的魅力和其中的乐趣。她懂得挑战自我的力量，懂得实现曾经看似不可能的事情的力量。比赛结束了，但对艾米丽来说，新的篇章已经开始了)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述Emily在朋友的影响下，决定挑战自己参加慈善5K赛跑的故事，并在最终过终点线时明白了跑步的魅力和其中的乐趣，所以C项“冲过终点线”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。 主题03 人与自然——生态保护与生态观察 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·福建宁德·期末） The “Father of the National Park System,” John Muir was an influential writer, naturalist, and environmentalist during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Born in 1838 in Dunbar, Scotland, he moved to the United States with his family and was attracted by the land. He was a prize-winning inventor, but it’s his love for wild places and absolute devotion to protecting them that we remember him for. As a young man, he explored the North American continent by foot, walking thousands of miles until he eventually settled in California. There, he fell in love with Yosemite Valley and the Sierra Nevada Mountains. His article series, “Studies in the Sierra,” put his name on the map and launched a prolific writing career, with over 300 articles and 10 books published. A true mountain man, he encouraged everyone to “climb the mountains and get their good tidings”. His writings inspired presidents, congressmen, and average citizens to care about nature. In 1890, due in large part to a series of articles he published in Century magazine, U.S. Congress created Yosemite National Park. Muir was also involved in the creation of the Sequoia, Mount Rainier, Petrified Forest, and Grand Canyon National Parks, thus earning his title. But his work didn’t stop there: in 1892, Muir and his supporters founded the Sierra Club to “do something for wildness and make the mountains glad.” In 1901, he published the book “Our National Parks” and caught the attention of President Theodore Roosevelt, who visited him at Yosemite. During that visit, they laid the foundation of Roosevelt’s groundbreaking protection programs. Muir died in 1914, but his memory lives on, continuing to inspire new generations of environmentalist everywhere. 1．Which can best explain the underlined word “prolific” in Paragraph 2? A．High-paying. B．Normal. C．Full-time. D．Productive. 2．What contributed to Muir’s writing career? A．His love for wild places. B．His work as an environmentalist. C．His devotion to national parks. D．His exploration of American continents. 3．What can we know from paragraph 3? A．Muir’s articles earned him his title. B．Muir appealed for the protection of national parks. C．Muir inspired people to visit national parks. D．Muir’s articles had an influence on official decision. 4．Which words can best describe Muir? A．Adventurous and committed. B．Determined and humorous. C．Honest and courageous. D．Generous and inspirational. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“国家公园系统之父”——约翰·缪尔是19世纪末和20世纪初一位有影响力的作家、自然学家和主义者。他对荒野的热爱促成了他的写作生涯，同时他通过写作来号召人们保护荒野。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“with over 300 articles and 10 books published(发布了300多篇文章和10本书)”可知，John Muir是个多产的作家，由此可推知，划线单词意为“多产的”，与D项“Productive.(多产的)”意思一样，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“As a young man, he explored the North American continent by foot, walking thousands of miles until he eventually settled in California. There, he fell in love with Yosemite Valley and the Sierra Nevada Mountains. His article series, “Studies in the Sierra,” put his name on the map and launched a prolific writing career, with over 300 articles and 10 books published.(作为一个年轻人，他徒步探索了北美大陆，走了数千英里，最终定居在加利福尼亚。在那里，他爱上了约米蒂山谷和内华达山脉。他的文章系列《内华达山脉研究》使他声名鹊起，开启了一段多产的写作，出版了300多篇文章和10本书。)”可知，Muir对荒野的热爱促成了他的写作生涯，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“His writings inspired presidents, congressmen, and average citizens to care about nature. In 1890, due in large part to a series of articles he published in Century magazine, U.S. Congress created Yosemite National Park. Muir was also involved in the creation of the Sequoia, Mount Rainier, Petrified Forest, and Grand Canyon National Parks, thus earning his title.(他的著作激励了总统、国会议员和普通公民关注自然。1890年，由于他在《世纪》杂志上发表系列文章，美国国会创建了约塞米蒂国家公园。穆尔还参与了红木、雷尼尔山、化石森林和大峡谷国家的创建，因此赢得了“国家公园之父”的称号。)”可知，缪尔（Muir）的文章对官方的决定有影响，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段中“As a young man, he explored the North American continent by foot, walking thousands of miles until he eventually settled in California.(作为一个年轻人，他徒步探索了北美大陆，走了数千英里，最终定居在加利福尼亚。)”可知，Muir爱冒险；根据第三段中“His writings inspired presidents, congressmen, and average citizens to care about nature.(他的著作激励了总统、国会议员和普通公民关注自然。)”和第四段中“But his work didn’t stop there: in 1892, Muir and his supporters founded the Sierra Club to “do something for wildness and make the mountains glad.” In 1901, he published the book “Our National Parks” and caught the attention of President Theodore Roosevelt, who visited him at Yosemite. During that visit, they laid the foundation of Roosevelt’s groundbreaking protection programs.(但他的工作并未止步于此：1892年，缪尔和他的支持者们创立了塞拉俱乐部，旨在“为野地做点什么，让群山欢欣鼓舞”。1901年，他出版了《我们的国家公园》一书，引起了西奥多罗斯福总统的关注，罗斯福总统访问了他在优胜美地的居所。在那次访问期间，他们奠定了罗斯福开创性的保护计划的基础)”可知，他致力于保护荒野，写了很多作品，并一直坚持，所以说他很坚定，故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·福建漳州·期末） Lyudmila Trut, the pioneering geneticist who led the groundbreaking experiment in domestication (驯化) using foxes, passed away on October 9, just shy of her 91st birthday. Over her 66-year career, she and her colleagues transformed a population of silver foxes on a farm in Novosibirsk, Russia, into a remarkable group of domesticated, lovely animals. This work, which began in 1958 under the guidance of geneticist Dmitri Belyaev, is now considered a landmark in understanding domestication. Trut and Belyaev proposed that domestication syndrome (综合征) — a set of characteristics seen in domesticated animals, such as soft ears, curly tails, and friendly behavior — was linked to genes promoting calmness and friendliness toward humans. Through decades of careful selection, they demonstrated that by consistently choosing the calmest foxes to raise, these characteristics could be reproduced. This completely changed the understanding of how domestication may have occurred in dogs and other species. Despite the political risks of conducting genetic research during the special period in the Soviet Union, Trut pressed forward. She spent decades selecting and keeping foxes that were peaceful and friendly, transforming a population of wild animals into affectionate (有感情的) companions. One special fox, Pushinka, even lived with Trut in the early 1970s, forminga deep bond that reflected the success of the experiment. Even in difficult times, such as during the economic crisis following the fall of the Soviet Union, Trut worked tirelessly to keep the experiment alive. She sought donations by writing articles and persorrally asking for support to ensure the foxes were cared for and the research could continue. Though Trut often credited her tutor Belyaev, she was the driving force behind the specific breeding procedures and daily management of the experiment, devoting more than 23,000 days to her work. Her heritage, and the heritage of the foxes she devoted her life to, lives on, as she hoped the foxes would continue to grow well after her passing. 5．What is the primary achievement of Lyudmila Trut? A．She discovered new fox species. B．She pioneered a genetic research method. C．She domesticated a group of foxes successfully. D．She promoted the techniques in animal breeding. 6．How did Trut continue her research during tough times? A．By cooperating with global researchers. B．By seeking donations and support. C．By shifting focus to other animals. D．By turning to her tutor Belyaev. 7．What best describes Lyudmila Trut? A．Calm and curious. B．Modest and cooperative. C．Passionate and peaceful. D．Observant and persistent. 8．What is the best title of this passage? A．An Example for All Women B．A Pioneer in Human-Animal Relationship C．Lyudmila Trut: Turning Wild Foxes into Man’s Best Friend D．Lyudmil a Trut: Achieving a Breakthrough in Genetic Research 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．D 8．C 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Lyudmila Trut将野生狐狸驯化变成可爱的家养动物的事迹。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Lyudmil a Trut, the pioneering geneticist who led the groundbreaking experiment in domestication (驯化) using foxes, passed away on October 9, just shy of her 91st birthday. Over her 66-year career, she and her colleagues transformed a population of silver foxes on a farm in Novosibirsk, Russia, into a remarkable group of domesticated, lovely animals.(卢德米拉·特鲁特（Lyudmil a Trut）是一位开创性的遗传学家，她领导了利用狐狸进行驯化实验的开创性工作。特鲁特女士于 10 月 9 日去世，享年 90 岁零 11 个月。在她66年的职业生涯中，她和她的同事们把俄罗斯新西伯利亚一个农场的一群银狐变成了一群出色的家养可爱的动物)”可知，Lyudmila Trut主要的成就是成功地驯服了一群狐狸。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Even in difficult times, such as during the economic crisis following the fall of the Soviet Union, Trut worked tirelessly to keep the experiment alive. She sought donations by writing articles and persorrally asking for support to ensure the foxes were cared for and the research could continue.(即使在困难时期，比如苏联解体后的经济危机期间，特鲁特也不知疲倦地工作，以使这项实验得以继续下去。她通过写文章和亲自请求支持来寻求捐款，以确保狐狸得到照顾，研究可以继续进行)”可知，在困难的时期，Trut通过寻求捐赠和支持继续她的研究。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Trut and Belyaev proposed that domestication syndrome (综合征) — a set of characteristics seen in domesticated animals, such as soft ears, curly tails, and friendly behavior — was linked to genes promoting calmness and friendliness toward humans.(Trut和Belyaev提出，驯化综合征（家养动物的一组特征，如柔软的耳朵、卷曲的尾巴和友好的行为）与促进对人类冷静和友好的基因有关)”及第三段“Despite the political risks of conducting genetic research during the special period in the Soviet Union, Trut pressed forward.(尽管在苏联特殊时期进行基因研究存在政治风险，但特鲁特还是坚持了下来)”可知，卢德米拉·特鲁特（Lyudmil a Trut）提出了驯化综合征，说明是善于观察的；且遇到困难，她还是继续坚持，说明她持之以恒。故选D。 8．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Lyudmil a Trut, the pioneering geneticist who led the groundbreaking experiment in domestication (驯化) using foxes, passed away on October 9, just shy of her 91st birthday. Over her 66-year career, she and her colleagues transformed a population of silver foxes on a farm in Novosibirsk, Russia, into a remarkable group of domesticated, lovely animals.(卢德米拉·特鲁特（Lyudmil a Trut）是一位开创性的遗传学家，她领导了利用狐狸进行驯化实验的开创性工作。特鲁特女士于 10 月 9 日去世，享年 90 岁零 11 个月。在她66年的职业生涯中，她和她的同事们把俄罗斯新西伯利亚一个农场的一群银狐变成了一群出色的家养可爱的动物)”可知，本文介绍了Lyudmila Trut将野生狐狸驯化变成可爱的家养动物的事迹，C选项“卢德米拉·特鲁特：把野生狐狸变成人类最好的朋友”符合本文主旨。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·贵州六盘水·期末） Jane Goodall was born in England, on April 3, 1934. As a child, she had a natural love for the outdoors and animals. Inspired by books like Terzan and Dr. Dolittle series, she dreamed of traveling to Africa to work with wildlife. At 23, she visited a friend in Africa, which led to her meeting Dr. Louis Leakey, a paleoanthropologist (古人类学家) who offered her a job at a local museum. Leakey soon sent Jane to the Gombe Stream Game Reserve in Tanzania to study chimpanzees (大猩猩), thinking that Jane’s passion and open mind made her ideal for the task. The early weeks were challenging due to illness and difficult geographical environment, but she eventually gained the trust of a high-ranking chimpanzee named David Greybeard, allowing her to observe the chimps. Jane made groundbreaking discoveries, including chimps’ use of tools, diet with a mixture of meat and grass, which challenged common scientific ideas. Jane continued to work in the field and, with Leakey’s help, began her doctoral program without an undergraduate degree in 1962. At Cambridge University, she found her methods and suggestions that chimps have emotions and personalities caused arguments among senior scientists. In 1966, she earned her Ph.D．and continued working at Gombe for the next twenty years. In 1986, Jane shifted her focus to conservation after noticing deforestation in Gombe Stream National Park. She helped set up shelters for chimps and established the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI) in 1977 and its Rooks & Shoots program in 1991, encouraging young people to participate in conservation projects. Jane has been an advocate for protecting animals and the environment, meeting with key ligures and traveling to raise awareness and funds. Today, aged around 90, she continues to protect chimpanzees, their habitats, and the planet. 9．What inspired Jane to work with wildlife in Africa? A．A museum job. B．Outdoor trips. C．An African friend. D．Several books. 10．What did Jane suffer when studying chimpanzees? A．The doubt of young people. B．The lack of a doctor degree. C．The challenge of bad conditions. D．The attack of high-ranking chimps. 11．What does paragraph 4 convey? A．How Jane founded Roots & Shoots. B．Why Jane set up shelters for chimpanzees. C．How Jane protected wildlife and the environment. D．Why Jane encouraged young people to join projects. 12．Which words best describe Jane? A．Honest and kind-hearted. B．Determined and devoted. C．Considerate and easy-going. D．Responsible and traditional. 【答案】9．D 10．C 11．C 12．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了简·古道尔博士在非洲研究黑猩猩的职业经历和对保护野生动物及环境所作出的贡献。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“As a child, she had a natural love for the outdoors and animals. Inspired by books like Tarzan and Dr. Dolittle series, she dreamed of traveling to Africa to work with wildlife.(小时候，她天生对户外和动物有着热爱。受到《泰山》和《杜立德医生》系列书籍的启发，她梦想着前往非洲与野生动物一起工作)”可推知，简受几本书的启发，希望在非洲从事野生动物工作。故选D。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The early weeks were challenging due to illness and difficult geographical environment, but she eventually gained the trust of a high-ranking chimpanzee named David Greybeard, allowing her to observe the chimps.(最初的几周因生病和恶劣的地理环境而充满挑战，但她最终赢得了一只名叫David Greybeard的高等级黑猩猩的信任，使她能够观察黑猩猩)”可推知，Jane研究黑猩猩时遭遇的困难是恶劣的环境条件带来的挑战。故选C。 11．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“She helped set up shelters for chimps and established the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI) in 1977 and its Roots & Shoots program in 1991, encouraging young people to participate in conservation projects. Jane has been an advocate for protecting animals and the environment, meeting with key figures and traveling to raise awareness and funds.(她帮助建立了黑猩猩庇护所，并于1977年成立了简·古道尔研究所（JGI），并于1991年创建了Roots & Shoots项目，鼓励年轻人参与保护项目。Jane一直倡导保护动物和环境，与关键人物会面并旅行以提高意识和资金)”可知，第4段主要讲述了Jane如何保护野生动物和环境。故选C。 12．推理判断题。通读全文以及结合文章第二段“Leakey soon sent Jane to the Gombe Stream Game Reserve in Tanzania to study chimpanzees (大猩猩), thinking that Jane’s passion and open mind made her ideal for the task. The early weeks were challenging due to illness and difficult geographical environment, but she eventually gained the trust of a high-ranking chimpanzee named David Greybeard, allowing her to observe the chimps.(Leakey很快就把Jane送到坦桑尼亚的贡贝溪野生动物保护区去研究黑猩猩，他认为Jane的热情和开放的思想使她成为这项任务的理想人选。最初的几周，由于疾病和恶劣的地理环境，她受到了挑战，但最终获得了一只名叫大卫·格雷比尔德的高级黑猩猩的信任，允许她观察黑猩猩)”以及第五段“Today, aged around 90, she continues to protect chimpanzees, their habitats, and the planet.(今天，近90岁的她继续保护黑猩猩，它们的栖息地和地球)”可知，Jane在艰难条件下坚持研究黑猩猩且在90岁的她继续保护黑猩猩。所以推断出简是一个坚定和奉献的科学家。故选B。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与社会——社区包容与社会互助 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·浙江杭州·期末） We’ve seen the images of destruction, ruins and flooding left behind from Hurricane Helene. But other images also came out of the storm: family photos. After the deadly hurricane in October, Taylor Schenker found herself with about 200 family photos that didn’t belong to her. It started after the storm. Schenker’s house weathered Helene well, but she said her friend’s entire home was destroyed by flood. Schenker and her friend went for a walk to check out the home, which was one of the many local homes that ware destroyed. “We spent about four hours digging through the ruins, looking for my friend’s belongings,” Schenker told CBS News last month. “And during the search, I found five photographs. We laid out the photos along the river bank, hoping they would be reunited with their owners.” Schenker later uploaded the photos online. She said she found about 100 photos herself, but picked up about another 100 from others who found them, including search and rescue teams. To date, she has reunited around 15% of the photos with their owners. She still adds new photos to Instagram daily. Each reunion is a heartwarming reminder that what she’s doing is important. “I’m grateful for being able to do this. When you hand something so special to somebody and then give them a hug — it’s such a privilege,” she said. Schenker mails photos to people who are no longer in the area, but she also hand delivers the ones that belong to families who stayed close by. In one case, a college-aged son found his family’s photos on her Instagram, reached out to Schenker and connected her with his mom. “We have now found five photos of this one family, of these two sons, and when I met with the mom to reunite the photos, she shared that one of her sons had actually passed,” Schenker said. “And so, when they lost their home, they lost all memory of this child, which is absolutely devastating in addition to the disaster that has already happened.” She said she recently went for another so-called photo walk — where she dug through ruins to find images — and recognized the woman’s late son in yet another photo. 1．What do we know about Taylor Schenker? A．Her home was destroyed by hurricane Helene. B．She looked for missing photos for a living. C．She helped many hurricane survivors by collecting photos. D．She was known for reuniting people with their missing families. 2．What does the underlined word ones in paragraph 6 refer to? A．Families. B．Photos. C．Mails. D．Lives. 3．The author proves the importance of Schenker’s efforts by all the following EXCEPT ________. A．making comparisons B．providing data C．quoting comments D．giving examples 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Families reunited on social media B．Looking into the ruins for hope C．Hurricane torn down millions of homes D．A special reunion after the storm Passage 2 （24-25高二上·山东德州·期末） Jack, a 14-year-old from Salt Lake City, was born with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征), which brought him physical and cognitive challenges. However, with the proper support and resources, many people with Down syndrome are able to live fulfilling lives, participate in their communities, and achieve personal goals. Since Jack is a little smaller and slower than many of his peers, his parents, Devon and Kimberly, often worry that other kids might leave him out, fearing he could get hurt. But they do hope there are certain activities to keep Jack engaged. Devon suggested playing kickball, a sport he enjoyed growing up with his friends. The couple invited kids from the neighborhood, dividing them into two teams. And Jack’s only job was to kick the ball. This way, while the other kids were running, they didn’t have to worry about accidentally knocking Jack over, but he could still be involved in every play and every kick. Thus the kickball team, named the Inclusion FC, was established by the couple and a group of kids in the community to involve more kids like Jack and make them all feel included. They played and trained like professional players, often amusing that the Inclusion FC helped develop their talents and achieve their athletic dreams. After one game, Kimberly posted a video about the experience online, where it has gone viral with more than 1.5 million views and almost 3,000 comments. “Best Dad Ever! Inclusion Matters!” she titled the video. “The cool thing for us is that Jack now has relationships with all the kids in the neighborhood,” Devon continues. “With the Inclusion FC taking off, I thought, this is so amazing because it has got to be that glimpse of hope for those with Down syndrome, and every kid is a special gift.” As for Jack’s future, the parents hope that he continues to grow up in a world where he’s accepted and included. “There’s so many possibilities out there,” Kimberly says. 5．What does the author intend to imply about Jack in paragraph 1? A．He may be left out by his peers. B．He will get rid of Down syndrome. C．He can enjoy his life and himself with support. D．He might face challenges due to his personality. 6．Which of the following describes Jack’s parents best? A．Strict. B．Devoted. C．Innocent. D．Modest. 7．Why was the kickball team set up? A．To attract more sponsors. B．To welcome more kids to join in. C．To achieve kids’ professional dreams. D．To treat children’s disabilities in sports. 8．What does the couple stress when talking about their efforts? A．The importance of competition in sports. B．The need for constant practice to succeed. C．The significance of posting videos online. D．The value of celebrating kids’ unique ability. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·福建泉州·期末） Born in Germany, Kathrine Switzer was an athletic and driven child. As a young girl, Switzer was active in various sports, but she faced huge troubles as there was a widely held attitude that women in sports were unattractive. In high school, she began to take running more seriously, often training in secret. She developed her determination (意志) and running skills through continuous practice, often running long distances to build her stamina (耐力). Switzer attended Syracuse University, where she trained with the men’s cross-country team. During this time, Switzer decided to run the Boston Marathon. As there was nothing in the official rulebook preventing women from entering, she signed up for the 1967 race. She used the name “K. V. Switzer”. As a result, race officials did not realise she was a woman. But when the race officials discovered she was a woman, they tried to stop her. Fortunately, her boyfriend Tom Miller and a group of men runners formed a sort of protective curtain around her. Finally, she completed the race in four hours and twenty minutes. After that, she decided to help other women athletes. The Boston Marathon finally began accepting women runners in 1972, and three years later, Switzer placed second at the race with a time of 2:51:37, her personal best. In 1977, she created the Avon International Running Circuit, a worldwide series of women’s races that lay the groundwork for the women’s marathon to become an Olympic event in 1984. Switzer went on to found the women’s running club, 261 Fearless, and entered the National Women’s Hall of Fame in 2011. Still an active runner, Switzer even completed the Boston Marathon in 2017-fifty years after her historic run. “When I go to the Boston Marathon now, I have wet shoulders — women fall into my arms crying,” she said. “They’re crying for joy because running has changed their lives. They feel nothing is impossible.” 9．How did Switzer train as a young girl? A．By following a professional plan. B．By joining a cross-country team. C．By keeping running secretly. D．By seeking help from her coach. 10．What can we learn about Switzer in the 1967 marathon? A．She reached her personal best. B．She broke a record set by men. C．She lent a hand to another runner. D．She was the first woman to complete it. 11．What is the result of Switzer’s 1977 running series? A．261 Fearless was founded. B．She won many national honours. C．Women’s marathon entered the Olympics. D．Boston Marathon accepted women runners. 12．What is the best title of the text? A．Kathrine Switzer: A Pioneer in Women's Sports B．The 1967 Boston Marathon: A Race Against Time C．Seeking Possibilities: A Woman of Olympic Spirits D．Breaking Limits: The Story of a Marathon Champion 主题02 人与自我——自我认知与成长 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·北京房山·期末） As a child, Wang Junyan never dreamed of becoming a famous person on TV. Now she is the presenter for Universe TV’s news programmes. I asked her how she had achieved success, and she told me her story. “It was my mother who taught me to be curious: She had a great love of everything in the universe and she taught me to be interested in mankind and nature,” Junyan told me. “We would look in old nests to find birds’ feathers and we would even turn over stones to look at the little creatures there. I loved doing that,” remembered Junyan. She said, “My mother was a strong character. Although there were lots of difficulties to overcome, she never let her problems defeat her. She worked extremely hard to support me through school and during my time at Fudan University. Her attitude towards life will never stop influencing my thoughts and actions.” After graduating from university, she became a reporter for a local newspaper. She said she chose to be a journalist because it is important that people grasp what is going on around them. I asked her if there was any special moment that made her realise this and she replied that it was after she was asked to inspect an illegal business. Her report helped the people who had been affected and it also helped the government inspect the company and catch the guilty people. “That is when I realised the importance of being a journalist,” said Junyan. “Writing that report wasn’t easy, but I realised that people needed to know and so I didn’t give up,” Junyan told me. I asked Junyan what she liked most about her job and she said that although there wasn’t much glory in a reporter’s existence, she found it interesting and challenging. “I meet a lot of people and go to many different places. I’m never bored with this job!” She added that as a reporter she needed many different skills and was constantly challenged to learn new things. Finally, I asked her if after many years she still felt curious. Smiling brightly, she told me, “Nothing that I learned from my mother has ever left me. Today when I’m looking for stories, I still feel like I’m turning over stones to see what might be hiding beneath!” 1．How did Junyan’s mother influence her? A．Junyan’s mother worked part-time to support her. B．Junyan’s-mother taught her how to write a good report. C．Junyan’s mother accompanied her to study at university. D．Junyan’s mother helped her to develop an interest in humans and nature. 2．Why did Junyan choose to be a journalist? A．To become a famous person on TV. B．To learn many different skills and new things. C．To meet more people and go to many different places. D．To make people aware of what is going on around them. 3．What did Junyan think of inspecting the illegal business? A．Scary but exciting. B．Difficult but meaningful. C．Simple but innovative. D．Dangerous but well-paid. 4．What does the author intend to tell us? A．Curiosity can make a difference in a person’s life. B．Accepting what you have makes you happy. C．Ups and downs can make one strong. D．Chance favors the prepared mind. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·四川南充·期末） It’s been a very hard and emotional year for me. My mum had been ill for 6 years and over that time she and I went to countless treatments and surgeries. She battled through them all with so much grace and seemed to beat each new cancer that popped up. But this year was different. Things changed dramatically and she lost her battle after 4 very intense and exhausting months. During the time my husband and I were caring for her, my poor old car developed problems too. I pushed it for months since I didn’t have time to be off the road. Long story short, a new light appeared. This one was the engine light. I was no longer needing my car the way I had so I decided to call my repairman about it. He asked me to bring the car in the next morning. When I arrived, he saw me parking from the office and immediately stopped what he was doing and came out. I’d expected to wait inside while he finished what he was doing but he recognized my car and came to me. I asked him how he was as I’d not seen him in 6 months or more. He told me how busy it was. But when he asked me, I immediately started to well up. He looked at me and I told him it had been a heartbreaking year. He told me about losing his grandparents so I shared as well. He gave me the not so great diagnosis of my car, told me to keep an eye on it, touched my arm and gave me a hug. His small act of kindness was giving me his attention, something he probably thought nothing of, but to me, it was huge. His genuine care and concern gave me a glimmer of light during a time when life was feeling so dark. 5．What was the main challenge the author faced this year? A．Losing her mother. B．Struggles with health. C．Problems with the car. D．Facing financial stress. 6．Why did the author put off repairing her car? A．She didn’t trust the repairman’s techniques. B．She couldn’t afford to repair it at the time. C．She couldn’t find time due to family duties. D．She didn’t take the problem seriously. 7．What does the underlined phrase “well up” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Burst out laughing. B．Get extremely frightened. C．Become tearful. D．Feel suddenly energetic. 8．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Taking responsibilities can be a stressful thing. B．Life’s challenges often come from unexpected situations. C．Building strong relationships helps solve problems. D．Acts of kindness can provide comfort during difficult times. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·重庆九龙坡·期末） In those distant days, almost everyone, Indian or European, kept a pet parrot or parakeet. After many repetitions by whichever member of the household had taken on the task of teaching the bird to talk, verbal expressions were picked up by the parrot over a period of time. But our parrot refused to talk. “You are no beauty! Can’t talk, can’t dance!” With these words, Aunt Ruby would tease (取笑) the unfortunate parakeet who stared sourly at everyone from his ornamental cage. Neither granny nor grandfather were keen on keeping caged birds as pets, but Aunt Ruby showed signs of losing temper if she did not get her way. One afternoon, while everyone was indoors enjoying a short nap, I gave the parrot his lunch and then purposely left the cage door open. Seconds later, the bird was winging its way into the freedom of the mango orchard. At the same time, grandfather came and remarked, “I see your Aunt’s parrot has escaped.” “The door was quite loose.” I said with a shrug. I thought we’d never see the parrot again, but a few days later, I found the bird sitting on the railing, looking expectantly at me. Then, Aunt Ruby emerged from her room, and with a cry of surprise, called out, “Look! There’s my parrot! Come back! He must have missed me!” With a loud sound, the parrot flew out of her reach and staying on the nearest rose bush, glared at Aunt Ruby and screamed at her in my Aunt’s familiar tones: “You’re no beauty! Can’t talk, can’t sing, can’t dance!” Aunt Ruby went ruby-red and dashed indoors. The parrot had learnt to talk after all. 9．What best describes Aunt Ruby’s personality? A．Warm-hearted. B．Narrow-minded. C．Self-centered. D．Even-tempered. 10．Which is the possible reason why the parrot can’t speak? A．The family’s loss of care and training. B．The parrot’s mere experience of freedom. C．The parrot’s lack of practice and repetition. D．Aunt Ruby’s teasing and negative attitude. 11．What can be inferred from the passage? A．Indian or European kept a pet parrot to teach the bird to speak. B．Environment is as important for animals’ learning as for humans. C．Aunt Ruby’s family were supportive of keeping the parrot as pets. D．The caged parrot flew away because the cage door was quite loose. 12．What is the tone of the passage? A．Ironical (嘲讽). B．Critical. C．Delightful. D．Hopeful. 主题03 人与自然——环境保护与奥秘探索 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·湖北荆门·期末） For Cruz, who grew up in Peru’s mountainous region of Cuzco, fog represents a massive opportunity. As a boy, he had to hike for more than an hour every day across hills to collect water from the nearest source. But over time, he realized that during the rainy season, droplets of water would gather in the large leaves of banana trees. So one day he and his father tried to build a canal system with the leaves to collect water and it turned out a success. But afterwards, he moved to Lima at the age of 25. There, shocked by the water shortages and expensive water supply that some of the city’s poorest residents were faced with, Cruz set up El Movimiento Peruanos sin Agua in 2005. The idea was to deploy the method he learned in his hometown on a larger scale, which would provide free, independently sourced and easily accessible water to those who needed it most. He began installing (安装) a traditional fog catcher model developed in the 1980s. At the highest point of Los Tres Miradores, there is a curious set of large structures that resemble a fleet of ships in the sky. They are so-called “fog catchers”. Netted devices, made of high density Raschel polyethylene and spanning several meters wide, are lined up at the top of a misty mound and linked by a network of tubes that lead to storage containers. The 40 fog catchers there provide enough water for 180 families, whether to bathe, clean, drink or to irrigate crops on small garden patches. Supporters believe that fog catchers have the potential to improve water supply for communities around the world among the ever-challenging circumstances. German researcher Lummerich says, “They are cheap, easy to construct.” In a world searching for water supply systems, it is one important puzzle piece that can make an essential difference locally. However, there are some issues. For one, fog catchers require space, which is not always easy to come by in cities, let alone urban slums. At the same time, fog catchers must be properly cleaned and maintained to stay effective. Most crucially, appropriate climate conditions are required. Fog isn’t everywhere. 1．What does the underlined word “deploy” probably mean in paragraph 2? A．Employ. B．Adjust. C．Design. D．Study. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The reason why Cruz installed fog catchers. B．The difficulties of constructing a canal system. C．The installation and benefits of fog catchers. D．The inspiration Cruz gained to build a canal system. 3．What is the biggest challenge associated with the use of fog catchers? A．High costs. B．Public opposition. C．Space limitation. D．Climate conditions. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．Urban Areas: A Struggle for Sufficient Water B．Innovative Water Collection Techniques in Peru C．The Global Water Crisis and Possible Solutions D．Fog Catchers: A Local Solution with Global Potential Passage 2 （24-25高二上·福建泉州·期末） One of the world’s rarest birds, the greater adjutant stork (大秃鹳), known locally as the Hargila was once considered “disease carrier” and “ugly” by the villagers in Assam who would destroy their nests. Dr Purnima Devi Barman, an Indian wildlife biologist, has been committed to protecting the endangered birds and changing the opinion of villagers. Barman’s love of animals started at age five while she lived with her grandparents by the Brahmaputra River, where she often encountered all sorts of birds coming to the fields and wetlands. Recalling one of the moments that changed her life, Barman said that while she was doing her PhD paper on the greater adjutant stork, she got a call telling her that a villager had cut the nest-tree of adjutant storks and nine chicks fell down. When she communicated with the villager and his neighbours, she was shouted at and laughed at. “The villager was so angry at me for rescuing the birds. One of his neighbours said that ‘we cannot keep it in our backyard. It makes our area very dirty and smelly’,” Barman recalled. But with her tireless effort, she managed to change his views and the villager joined her in protecting the birds. “After that, I experienced the power of the community and decided to make use of it for stork conservation,” Barman added. She then started the Hargila Army of villagers, especially the network of thousands of families across villages who travel door to door with her in spreading awareness and educating people about stork conservation. “Initially women hesitated to come out and volunteer. But one day, I organized a cooking contest and scores of people participated and that’s how all our gatherings revolved (围绕) around stork conservation and restoring their ecosystem. Slowly and gradually, we increased the network, and now we are saving many other endangered species,” Barman said. 5．What has led to the decrease of the storks in Assam? A．The attack of diseases. B．High demand for wood. C．Villagers’ negative attitude. D．Ignorance of their situation: 6．What drove Barman to found “the Hargila Army of villagers”? A．Her bird-watching experience. B．Her PhD study on the bird. C．Her effort to prevent tree cutting. D．Her communication with a villager. 7．How did Barman involve women at first? A．By visiting them door to door. B．By organising a cooking contest: C．By giving away food to them. D．By hosting voluntary activities. 8．What can we learn about Barman from her deeds? A．She strives to preserve wildlife. B．She values diverse views. C．She prioritises academic education. D．She cares about villagers’ welfare. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·四川乐山·期末） Growing up in the Western Ghats of Karnataka, India, Dr. Krithi Karanth began following her father, a leading tiger expert and biologist, into the jungle in India at just two years old. By the time she was a teenager, her encounters with wildlife became lessons in understanding the animals, who later became a conservation scientist and created “Wild Shaale”, an educational program to grow Indian youth’s understanding and interest in surrounding wild animals and habitats. But in India, the relationship between people, animals and nature is not always as positive, given the country’s particularly severe human-wildlife conflict. “Most kids grow up with a negative viewpoint on wildlife,” Karanth summarizes. Now the program has reached more than 700 schools and 30,000 children between the ages of 10 and 13 in villages with closeness to 20 wildlife parks across her native Western Ghats. Students paint, play games, and watch presentations on Indian wildlife, observing animal behaviors and environments. “Encouraging the students to find similarities between themselves and the animals is the first step to change perspectives and hopefully, behaviors. It comes down to the same things: we, humans and animal, both need food, we need water, we need space. Then they start to understand why situations of conflict arise,” Karanth says. “But then how do you convince them not to get angry, not to react in a way that leads to harm? That’s something we’re trying to work on. It’s not easy.” With Wild Shaale’s success in India, Karanth foresees the program one day going global: “I believe Wild Shaale should go to every kid on the planet. It is lying in everybody’s motivation to get the next generation to really care; it’s a long-term investment in building true acceptance for wildlife, true admiration and interest in our own natural heritage.” 9．What inspired Karanth to create the program? A．Her father’s career as a wildlife biologist. B．The richness of wildlife in her hometown. C．Her dangerous experiences in the jungle. D．Children’s negative attitudes to wildlife. 10．How did the program influence children? A．By arranging classes in wildlife parks. B．By encouraging them to play with animals. C．By developing their understanding of wildlife. D．By awarding those who come to visit the animals. 11．What does the underlined word “perspectives” mean in paragraph 4? A．Environment protections. B．People’s attitudes. C．Class teaching methods. D．Animal habitats. 12．What is Karanth’s expectation for the program? A．It will offer more survival skills. B．It will increase animal species. C．It will reach children worldwide. D．It will draw more investment. 主题01 人与社会——学科文化与知识融合 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·山东菏泽·期末） Locals who frequent a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospital in Zhengzhou, Henan province, are often surprised when they are treated by a German doctor specializing in TCM with fluent Henan dialect. He is Joel Mikael Walker, a master’s student nearing graduation in the Henan University of Chinese Medicine. He skillfully performs techniques such as acupuncture (针灸), pulse diagnosis, and cupping therapy. Walker came to Henan province in 2015 when he was 20, because it is widely considered to be an important center for medical practice, education and research for traditional Chinese medicine. Now, he has fully adopted the lifestyle in Henan. On Chinese social media platforms, Walker is committed to promoting traditional Chinese medicine. His expertise in TCM fascinates Chinese netizens and he often uses ancient Chinese medical texts, for example, Huangdi Neijing, one of Chinese great medical works, to explain the philosophy behind the treatments. Other Chinese classics, such as Yijing, Zhuangzi, and Lunyu, which have long been foundation of Chinese philosophy, are also on Walker’s reading list. He takes pleasure in absorbing ancient wisdom because he finds many ideas deeply intertwined (交织) with TCM practices. One fundamental worldview of TCM highlights the balance, from which Walker himself benefited. In the past, he experienced significant emotional ups and downs, and tended to be somewhat stubborn, often viewing things from his own perspective. Now he has become more tolerant and approached issues from multiple angles with a more inclusive (包容的) perspective. In other words, his personality has also become more balanced. According to Walker, the unique wisdom rooted in Chinese culture can not only benefit physical well-being but can also extend beyond medicine and offer excellent guidance for the whole world. He stressed, “If more people could understand the TCM wisdom, the world would become more peaceful.” 1．What do we know about Walker? A．He is surprised at the locals’ dialect. B．He has gained a master’s degree in Henan. C．He has great skills of making acupuncture needles. D．He is a German good at traditional Chinese medicine. 2．Why did Walker come to Henan province? A．He intended to be popular online. B．Henan province is a centre for TCM. C．He desired to learn about its lifestyles. D．Henan province has rich natural resources. 3．What is the purpose of mentioning Walker’s emotional experiences? A．To show his positive changes. B．To prove the world is more peaceful. C．To introduce Chinese ancient classics. D．To share his ups and downs with the netizens. 4．Which of the following best describes Walker? A．Enthusiastic and kind. B．Courageous and calm. C．Cooperative and generous. D．Devoted and professional. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·河南信阳·期末） One wheelchair user didn’t feel safe crossing the street from the sidewalk outside his apartment, so he decided to contact the city and let them know what was going on. In his e-mail, Adam explained that the area wasn’t very convenient for people using mobility aids. His city’s response to the message deserves a round of applause! They got to work creating a solution so that wheelchair users could safely and easily cross the street. In a slideshow on social media, Adam shared how his city began the process of creating a more convenient path from his sidewalk to the one across the street. First, they started digging up some of the grass so that they could set up ramps (坡道). Once that was finished, they started painting the street. Before Adam knew it, there was a convenient crosswalk for wheelchair users right outside his home. This wheelchair user was excited to tell his inspiring story on social media because it proves that “advocacy works.” Thanks to Adam contacting the city about his dangerous sidewalk, his community now has a safe and convenient crosswalk in their area! Commenters on his post praised him for standing up for himself and others with disabilities. “You not only advocated for yourself but your entire community,” wrote one user. Another added, “I work for city public works and a lot of the time we don’t know about an issue until a resident points it out. Thank you for making them aware, I'm sure others had the same issue!” Adam responded in the comments that he had no idea if his request would actually be heard, but he knew he had to give it a try anyway. Now, he’s really glad he did. It just goes to show you that speaking up is often worth it! 5．What does the underlined word “applause” in paragraph 1 most likely mean? A．Satisfaction. B．Praise. C．Attention. D．Donations. 6．How did Adam feel when he saw the convenient crosswalk outside his home? A．Relaxed. B．Excited. C．Disappointed. D．Indifferent. 7．What can we infer from the comments on Adam’s social media post? A．City public works employees are often unresponsive. B．Adam is a well-known advocate for wheelchair users. C．The city usually ignores requests from disabled residents. D．Many people were unaware of the sidewalk issue before Adam's post. 8．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The complaint ignored by the city community. B．The process of building a crosswalk for wheelchair users. C．The difficulties faced by wheelchair users in crossing streets. D．The importance of speaking up for community improvements. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·北京丰台·期末） My school was nestled in a remote village in central Sri Lanka. When handball was introduced to Sri Lankan schools in 2010,I wanted to bring it to my school. As a new sport, I foresaw it as a golden opportunity for our school as we had never secured a place in traditional sports. A group of boys were immediately interested and 40 students signed up to play. I had the support of their parents but I still couldn’t convince the sports teacher to agree. Ultimately, Heshan, a boy who graduated some nine years earlier, agreed to coach the team. He was a member of a handball team and he assigned exercises and drills to do in his absence. Although handball is an indoor game, we trained outdoors as our school had limited facilities. Training started early in the morning before class and continued after school until it was dark. After three months of wholehearted training, we were able to send the team to compete with 50 other schools at the all-island school handball tournament held in Colombo — the country’s most populous city. Our boys played remarkably well and reached the semifinals. And that was when the real game started. People from Colombo schools joined forces against us, saying they wouldn’t allow the cup to be taken out of Colombo. They considered it a shame to lose a match against boys from a rural village school who couldn’t even speak English. Even the referees favoured the Colombo schools, resulting in our team being far away from the victory we deserved. Defeated, the boys fell to the ground, sad and disappointed. Heshan and I were angry. A few weeks after the defeat, Heshan and I met the national handball coach to discuss our treatment by the referees. He apologised and offered to send a Korean professional handball coach to our school for two weeks’ training. The following year, nobody could stop our team from winning the all-island schools handball championship. Unexpectedly, media attention was drawn to the tournament. A member of the School Handball Association invited me to provide commentary on the tournament in English on a television channel. I found this rather ironic that they chose a teacher from a remote village school to provide commentary in English. Heshan and I were extremely proud to have shown the boys that dreams can be fulfilled. 9．Why did the author introduce handball to his school? A．To improve the students’ sports skills. B．To demonstrate its growing popularity. C．To raise the school’s reputation in sports. D．To secure opportunities for traditional sports. 10．What was the biggest problem the team encountered during the tournament? A．Not gaining fair treatment. B．Not having enough practice. C．Not forming a desired team spirit. D．Not getting enough support from parents. 11．How did the author feel when he was invited to comment on TV channel? A．Confused but grateful. B．Astonished but honored. C．Nervous but confident. D．Embarrassed but fortunate. 12．What can we conclude from this passage? A．Perseverance can be rewarded. B．Innovation is the soul of progress. C．Prejudice is the child of ignorance. D．Crisis may stand in the way of success. 主题02 人与自我——个人成长与自我坚守 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末） I have always been passionate about art, but with children to feed and educate, pursuing it seemed impossible. At 83, I finally registered for art school. Born in 1933, I led a life marked by family struggles but also resilience (适应力). I studied mechanical engineering and later management, becoming an associate professor at business school, where I now hold emeritus (荣誉退休的) status. About ten years ago, after my wife fell ill with Alzheimer’s and required care, I turned to painting. Determined to take this new path seriously, I applied to an art programme in Barcelona, insisting on painting despite advice to study art history. Balancing my studies with work, it took me seven years to complete the four-year course, graduating last year at the age of 90. Returning to school was a challenge; everything had changed since my earlier education. Most of my classmates were in their 20s, but they welcomed me warmly, often seeking my advice due to my life experience. I encountered some resistance from a couple of teachers early on, but I kept going. The first two years focused on flowers, still lifes, and landscapes, before we explored abstraction, which I enjoy most. I believe that talent comes from hard work; sometimes I feel stuck, but I push through. My artistic influences include Spanish painters like Francisco de Zurbarán and Joaquín Sorolla, and while I appreciate beauty, I value goodness and truth even more. I create abstract landscapes from memory, expressing my emotions through colour. I paint primarily on weekends and during holidays. While I don’t plan to exhibit extensively, my work was displayed in a small village for six months, though it received little attention. After a lifetime in engineering and education, I may not fully identify as an artist, but I now have the recognition that supports my journey into art. 1．Why did the author decide to pursue art at 83? A．To find cures for Alzheimer’s. B．To change his career path. C．To pursue his passion for art. D．To support his big family. 2．How did the author’s classmates react to him? A．They enjoyed his company. B．They tended to ignore him. C．They inspired him to go on. D．They resisted his presence. 3．Which best describes the author’s art journey? A．Eventful. B．Romantic. C．Casual. D．Challenging. 4．What would be a suitable title for the text? A．The Struggle of Old Artists. B．From Engineering to Art. C．The Value of Art Education. D．A Lifetime of Art Pursuit. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·福建莆田·期末）It was Ethan’s first camping trip, and every sound — the hoot of an owl, the rustle of squirrels — felt like a secret the woods was sharing. By dusk, they’d set up their tent, and Ethan proudly stacked firewood for their campfire, his dad teaching him to “keep it small, keep it safe.” Ethan woke to crackling. Not the soft pop of their fire, but a roar. Flames had caught the dry underbrush, climbing toward the trees. His dad was already yelling, grabbing their water jugs, but the fire spread faster than they could pour. “Stay back!” his dad shouted, racing to find help. Ethan froze, then remembered his science class: fire needs oxygen. He spotted their picnic blanket, thick and woolen. Without thinking, he grabbed it, soaked it in the nearby stream, and charged. The heat singed his cheeks as he threw the blanket over the smallest flames, smothering them. He repeated it, again and again, his arms burning, until only smoke curled from the blackened earth when his dad returned with rangers. “You saved this forest,” a ranger said, clapping his shoulder. But Ethan couldn’t stop thinking: What if I hadn’t had that blanket? Months later, his bedroom became a workshop. He studied forest fires online, learned they spread in unpredictable bursts, and brainstormed. Using an old backpack, a pressure valve from a bike pump, and a tank filled with fire-retardant foam, he built a prototype. It was light enough for a kid to carry, sprayed foam that clung to trees, and had a hose long enough to reach high branches.He called it the “Woodland Guardian.” At the school science fair, judges stared as he demonstrated. A forest ranger from that night even showed up, grinning. “This could change things,” she said. Ethan smiled, remembering the fire. Bravery, he realized, wasn’t just fighting flames — it was turning fear into something that protects. And sometimes, the smallest hands hold the biggest ideas. 5．What did Ethan’s dad teach him about campfire?​ A．To make it as big as possible.​ B．To let it burn all night. C．To keep it small and safe.​ D．To put it out immediately after use.​ 6．Why did Ethan use the picnic blanket to fight the fire?​ A．Because his dad told him to do so.​ B．Because he thought it could smother the fire by cutting off oxygen.​ C．Because there was no other equipment available.​ D．Because the blanket was fire-resistant.​ 7．What is the meaning of the underlined word in the text?​ A．restore​ B．sodden C．participate​ D．spray​ 8．What can we learn from Ethan’s story?​ A．Bravery is just about fighting against dangers directly.​ B．Small children can’t come up with great ideas.​ C．We should turn fear into something positive.​ D．Forest fires are easy to put out. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·河北唐山·期末） Emily had always been satisfied with her quiet life, reading books. Occasionally, she would join a few friends, a group of runners, who felt excited when crossing finish lines. During their weekly gatherings, her friends would share stories of their latest races with the joy of achievement while Emily would share the latest book she had read. One day, Emily’s friends announced their big challenge: a charity 5K race. They were determined to make it a yearly event, a way to give back to the community and to push their limits. As they excitedly discussed their training plans, she wondered what it would be like to experience that sense of achievement they talked about. Then Emily blurted (脱口而出) out, “Count me in.” The room fell silent, and then erupted into cheers. The weeks leading up to the race flew by in a rush of early morning runs and evenings spent learning about running techniques. Emily’s friends became her coaches, patiently teaching her how to pace herself and breathe properly. It wasn’t easy — her body resisted the new routine, and there were days when every muscle ached, forcing her to collapse onto the sofa. Yet, she never once questioned her decision. Gradually, things started to change. She began to celebrate small victories: the first time she ran a mile without stopping, the day she finished running without walking. Her friends’ constant encouragement kept her going. Then came the race day. Emily stood at the starting line, feeling a sense of belonging, a sense of being part of something larger than herself. The gun fired. She started to run. She felt alive, truly alive, in a way she had never experienced before. As she crossed the finish line, she saw her friends waiting, their faces shining with pride. At that moment, Emily understood the charm of running and the joy in it. She understood the power of challenging herself, of achieving what once seemed impossible. The race was over, but for Emily, a new chapter had begun. 9．How did Emily’s friends feel at her decision at first? A．Interested. B．Surprised. C．Frightened. D．Disappointed. 10．How can we describe Emily? A．Determined. B．Mild. C．Creative. D．Generous. 11．What is the best title for the passage? A．Witnessing Friendship B．Challenging for Leadership C．Crossing the Finish Line D．Dropping Reading for Running 主题03 人与自然——生态保护与生态观察 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·福建宁德·期末） The “Father of the National Park System,” John Muir was an influential writer, naturalist, and environmentalist during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Born in 1838 in Dunbar, Scotland, he moved to the United States with his family and was attracted by the land. He was a prize-winning inventor, but it’s his love for wild places and absolute devotion to protecting them that we remember him for. As a young man, he explored the North American continent by foot, walking thousands of miles until he eventually settled in California. There, he fell in love with Yosemite Valley and the Sierra Nevada Mountains. His article series, “Studies in the Sierra,” put his name on the map and launched a prolific writing career, with over 300 articles and 10 books published. A true mountain man, he encouraged everyone to “climb the mountains and get their good tidings”. His writings inspired presidents, congressmen, and average citizens to care about nature. In 1890, due in large part to a series of articles he published in Century magazine, U.S. Congress created Yosemite National Park. Muir was also involved in the creation of the Sequoia, Mount Rainier, Petrified Forest, and Grand Canyon National Parks, thus earning his title. But his work didn’t stop there: in 1892, Muir and his supporters founded the Sierra Club to “do something for wildness and make the mountains glad.” In 1901, he published the book “Our National Parks” and caught the attention of President Theodore Roosevelt, who visited him at Yosemite. During that visit, they laid the foundation of Roosevelt’s groundbreaking protection programs. Muir died in 1914, but his memory lives on, continuing to inspire new generations of environmentalist everywhere. 1．Which can best explain the underlined word “prolific” in Paragraph 2? A．High-paying. B．Normal. C．Full-time. D．Productive. 2．What contributed to Muir’s writing career? A．His love for wild places. B．His work as an environmentalist. C．His devotion to national parks. D．His exploration of American continents. 3．What can we know from paragraph 3? A．Muir’s articles earned him his title. B．Muir appealed for the protection of national parks. C．Muir inspired people to visit national parks. D．Muir’s articles had an influence on official decision. 4．Which words can best describe Muir? A．Adventurous and committed. B．Determined and humorous. C．Honest and courageous. D．Generous and inspirational. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·福建漳州·期末） Lyudmila Trut, the pioneering geneticist who led the groundbreaking experiment in domestication (驯化) using foxes, passed away on October 9, just shy of her 91st birthday. Over her 66-year career, she and her colleagues transformed a population of silver foxes on a farm in Novosibirsk, Russia, into a remarkable group of domesticated, lovely animals. This work, which began in 1958 under the guidance of geneticist Dmitri Belyaev, is now considered a landmark in understanding domestication. Trut and Belyaev proposed that domestication syndrome (综合征) — a set of characteristics seen in domesticated animals, such as soft ears, curly tails, and friendly behavior — was linked to genes promoting calmness and friendliness toward humans. Through decades of careful selection, they demonstrated that by consistently choosing the calmest foxes to raise, these characteristics could be reproduced. This completely changed the understanding of how domestication may have occurred in dogs and other species. Despite the political risks of conducting genetic research during the special period in the Soviet Union, Trut pressed forward. She spent decades selecting and keeping foxes that were peaceful and friendly, transforming a population of wild animals into affectionate (有感情的) companions. One special fox, Pushinka, even lived with Trut in the early 1970s, forminga deep bond that reflected the success of the experiment. Even in difficult times, such as during the economic crisis following the fall of the Soviet Union, Trut worked tirelessly to keep the experiment alive. She sought donations by writing articles and persorrally asking for support to ensure the foxes were cared for and the research could continue. Though Trut often credited her tutor Belyaev, she was the driving force behind the specific breeding procedures and daily management of the experiment, devoting more than 23,000 days to her work. Her heritage, and the heritage of the foxes she devoted her life to, lives on, as she hoped the foxes would continue to grow well after her passing. 5．What is the primary achievement of Lyudmila Trut? A．She discovered new fox species. B．She pioneered a genetic research method. C．She domesticated a group of foxes successfully. D．She promoted the techniques in animal breeding. 6．How did Trut continue her research during tough times? A．By cooperating with global researchers. B．By seeking donations and support. C．By shifting focus to other animals. D．By turning to her tutor Belyaev. 7．What best describes Lyudmila Trut? A．Calm and curious. B．Modest and cooperative. C．Passionate and peaceful. D．Observant and persistent. 8．What is the best title of this passage? A．An Example for All Women B．A Pioneer in Human-Animal Relationship C．Lyudmila Trut: Turning Wild Foxes into Man’s Best Friend D．Lyudmil a Trut: Achieving a Breakthrough in Genetic Research Passage 3 （24-25高二上·贵州六盘水·期末） Jane Goodall was born in England, on April 3, 1934. As a child, she had a natural love for the outdoors and animals. Inspired by books like Terzan and Dr. Dolittle series, she dreamed of traveling to Africa to work with wildlife. At 23, she visited a friend in Africa, which led to her meeting Dr. Louis Leakey, a paleoanthropologist (古人类学家) who offered her a job at a local museum. Leakey soon sent Jane to the Gombe Stream Game Reserve in Tanzania to study chimpanzees (大猩猩), thinking that Jane’s passion and open mind made her ideal for the task. The early weeks were challenging due to illness and difficult geographical environment, but she eventually gained the trust of a high-ranking chimpanzee named David Greybeard, allowing her to observe the chimps. Jane made groundbreaking discoveries, including chimps’ use of tools, diet with a mixture of meat and grass, which challenged common scientific ideas. Jane continued to work in the field and, with Leakey’s help, began her doctoral program without an undergraduate degree in 1962. At Cambridge University, she found her methods and suggestions that chimps have emotions and personalities caused arguments among senior scientists. In 1966, she earned her Ph.D．and continued working at Gombe for the next twenty years. In 1986, Jane shifted her focus to conservation after noticing deforestation in Gombe Stream National Park. She helped set up shelters for chimps and established the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI) in 1977 and its Rooks & Shoots program in 1991, encouraging young people to participate in conservation projects. Jane has been an advocate for protecting animals and the environment, meeting with key figures and traveling to raise awareness and funds. Today, aged around 90, she continues to protect chimpanzees, their habitats, and the planet. 9．What inspired Jane to work with wildlife in Africa? A．A museum job. B．Outdoor trips. C．An African friend. D．Several books. 10．What did Jane suffer when studying chimpanzees? A．The doubt of young people. B．The lack of a doctor degree. C．The challenge of bad conditions. D．The attack of high-ranking chimps. 11．What does paragraph 4 convey? A．How Jane founded Roots & Shoots. B．Why Jane set up shelters for chimpanzees. C．How Jane protected wildlife and the environment. D．Why Jane encouraged young people to join projects. 12．Which words best describe Jane? A．Honest and kind-hearted. B．Determined and devoted. C．Considerate and easy-going. D．Responsible and traditional. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $