精品解析：辽宁省沈阳市第七中学2025-2026学年上学期八年级期中英语试卷（笔试部分）

笔试部分 (共45道题满分90分) 第一部分 选择题 (共50分) 一、阅读理解 (共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分) 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Here are some encyclopedias for you to read in our online library. The Columbia Encyclopedia (Sixth Edition): An English-language dictionary containing more than 51,000 topics, the Columbia Encyclopedia provides trusted facts and information. More than 200 people make great efforts for depth and accuracy (精确) of the encyclopedia. Its topics are complete and clear. Medical encyclopedias: Online medical encyclopedias are for doctors, educators and students. The library of free medical encyclopedias contains many kinds of trusted facts that cover medical conditions, medical symptoms (症状), and medical causes of health-related problems. Computer encyclopedias: Our online library of computer encyclopedias is very useful whether you’re looking for in-depth research or just learning about computer technology. The computer encyclopedias include topics like computer science, computer science and engineering, and computer science and technology. Science encyclopedias: Our online library of science encyclopedias covers many kinds of topics from biology, psychology, and chemistry to religion and science discoveries. Our online science encyclopedias for kids are a big help for school research projects and science experiments. 1. How many kinds of encyclopedias are mentioned? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 2. Medical encyclopedias are for the following people EXCEPT ________. A. doctors B. educators C. scientists D. students 3. Maria is a student and she wants to learn something about computer science. Which of the following can she choose? A. The Columbia Encyclopedia. B. Computer encyclopedias. C. Medical encyclopedias. D. Science encyclopedias. 4. Where does the passage probably come from? A. A history book. B. A school website. C. A storybook. D. A diary. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在线图书馆中提供的四种百科全书。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The Columbia Encyclopedia (Sixth Edition)”、“Medical encyclopedias”、“Computer encyclopedias”和“Science encyclopedias”可知，文中共提到四种百科全书。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Online medical encyclopedias are for doctors, educators and students”可知，在线医学百科全书适用于医生、教育工作者和学生，文中未提及科学家。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Our online library of computer encyclopedias is very useful whether you’re looking for in-depth research or just learning about computer technology. The computer encyclopedias include topics like computer science...”可知，Maria可以选择计算机百科全书。故选B。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据“our online library”并通读全文可知，文章主要介绍在线图书馆中的百科全书资源，因此这篇文章最可能来自学校网站。故选B。 B Last summer, 12-year-old Lila visited her grandpa’s old workshop. It had old tools, a small window that let in sunlight, and a wooden shelf with dusty jars of nails (钉子). There, under a loose (松动的) floorboard, she found a yellowed notebook with strange marks—“I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ” next to her grandpa’s tool list. “What do these mean?” Lila asked, holding the notebook up and leaning (凑近) closer to her grandpa. Grandpa smiled and sat her down on a wooden chair by the window. “Long ago, people didn’t use 1, 2, 3 like we do now. The Romans made those marks—they’re called Roman numerals. I learned them when I was 10, to count nails and wood for my dad’s small shop.” He pointed to the notebook: “‘V’ stands for 5, ‘X’ for 10. See? I wrote ‘XII’ next to the hammers—that meant 12 hammers total.” Lila’s eyes lit up brightly. Grandpa took out a 60-year-old ruler with Roman numerals on it. “Back then, we used them to measure wood lengths for tables. But they’re tricky—you can’t add or subtract (减) easily. Later, Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3) came. They’re simpler, so everyone started using them more.” That day, Lila copied 10 Roman numerals in her notebook carefully. Now, whenever she sees “XII” on a clock, she thinks of grandpa’s story—and how numbers once changed to make life easier. 5. When did Lila’s grandpa learn Roman numerals? A. When he was 10 years old. B. When he started working in the workshop. C. When Lila visited him last summer. D. When he bought the 60-year-old ruler. 6. What does the underlined word “tricky” mean in Paragraph 3? A. Easy to learn. B. Difficult to use. C. Fun to practice. D. Important to remember. 7. What can we infer from the passage? A. Lila will stop using Arabic numerals after the visit. B. Roman numerals are no longer used in any way today. C. Lila’s grandpa used Roman numerals in his work before. D. Arabic numerals were invented by Lila’s grandpa’s dad. 8. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How Lila helped her grandpa clean the old workshop. B. How Lila learned about Roman numerals from her grandpa. C. Why Arabic numerals are used in modern clocks. D. Why Lila’s grandpa liked collecting old notebooks. 【答案】5. A 6. B 7. C 8. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了12岁的Lila在爷爷的旧工作坊中发现了一本记录罗马数字的笔记本，并通过爷爷的讲解了解了罗马数字的历史和用途。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“I learned them when I was 10”可知，爷爷是在10岁时学习的罗马数字。故选A。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“they’re tricky—you can’t add or subtract easily”可推知，罗马数字的加减运算不便捷，因此使用起来不方便。“tricky”意为“难以使用的”。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I wrote ‘XII’ next to the hammers—that meant 12 hammers total.”和第三段“Grandpa took out a 60-year-old ruler with Roman numerals on it. ‘Back then, we used them to measure wood lengths for tables...’”可知，爷爷曾用罗马数字记录工具数量，并用刻有罗马数字的尺子测量木材长度。由此推知，爷爷过去在工作中使用过罗马数字。故选C。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。全文围绕Lila通过爷爷的讲解学习罗马数字的经历展开，重点描述了她从发现笔记本到理解罗马数字的过程。因此，本文的主旨是“Lila如何从爷爷那里学习罗马数字”。故选B。 C Smart homes are becoming more and more popular these days. What is a smart home? A smart home is a living space with advanced technology. It allows you to control different devices (装置) in your home by just tapping on your smartphone—whether you’re at home or on your way to work. Smart homes include smart devices and systems, such as locks, fridges, bulbs, washing machines...You may wonder how they work. Smart speakers are used to play music or answer questions with voices. Smart lighting system can be controlled remotely according to your schedule. Smart fridges might suggest recipes and even order foods you need. All these devices work together as one to make your home smarter and your life easier. What are the advantages of a smart home? Firstly, it is convenient. You can control your home with smartphones or voices. Secondly, it’s helpful to avoid the unnecessary waste, so it possibly benefits the environment. Thirdly, if anything unusual happens around your home, the systems may begin to work to protect you and your home right now. However, it may not be for everybody. Smart devices are usually more expensive than the traditional ones. What’s more, smart home systems rely on connectivity and data (数据) collection, so privacy problems may appear. Each coin has two sides, so do smart homes. It’s up to you to design your own living environment. 9. What is a smart home according to the passage? A. A living space with bulbs. B. A living space with fridges. C. A living space with washing machines. D. A living space with advanced technology. 10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. A smart home. B. A smart speaker. C. A smart system. D. A smart lock. 11. Why are smart homes becoming more and more popular these days? A. Because they fit all the people. B. Because they may collect data easily. C. Because they are cheaper than the traditional ones. D. Because they can make your life safe, convenient and environmentally friendly. 12. What is the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】9. D 10. A 11. D 12. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了智能家居的定义、包含的设备与工作原理、优势和不足，指出其利弊共存，是否选择取决于个人对居住环境的设计需求。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A smart home is a living space with advanced technology.”可知，智能家居是带有先进技术的生活空间。故选D。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“What is a smart home? A smart home is a living space with advanced technology. It allows you to control different devices in your home by just tapping on your smartphone”可知，“it”指代前文提到的“a smart home”。故选A。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Firstly, it is convenient... Secondly, it’s helpful to avoid the unnecessary waste, so it possibly benefits the environment... Thirdly, if anything unusual happens around your home, the systems may begin to work to protect you and your home right now.”可知，智能家居流行是因为它能让生活便捷、环保且安全。故选D。 【12题详解】 篇章结构题。根据文章内容，第一段定义智能家居，第二、三、四段介绍智能家居的设备及工作原理及其优劣势，第五段总结利弊，结构为“总—分—总”。故选C D Chen-Ning Yang is one of the greatest physicists of the 20th century. His life is about both amazing science discoveries and deep love for his homeland. Yang was born in Anhui, China in 1922. He grew up in Tsinghua Garden. At 12, after reading a book about the universe, he told his parents, “I will win the Nobel Prize one day!” In 1956, Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee came up with a new idea about particle (粒子) physics. Their idea was proved right, and in 1957, they won the Nobel Prize in Physics, becoming the first Chinese to get this honor. Yang’s most important work is the Yang-Mills gauge Theory, created with Robert Mills in 1954. This theory helped build the base for the Standard Model in particle physics, explaining how basic particles interact. It is as important as Einstein’s and Maxwell’s theories in physics history. Though Yang worked abroad for years, he never forgot China. In 1971, he was the first famous Chinese scientist to visit China, starting a wave of overseas scholars’ visits. He advised the Chinese government on science research and helped Chinese students study abroad. In his later years, he lived at Tsinghua University and named his home “Gui Gen Ju” (Home of Returning Roots), showing his love for China. Yang said, “I’m proud of being Chinese and honored to work for modern science.” His story tells us that great people care about both science and their homeland. 13. At what age did Yang win the Nobel Prize in Physics? A. 35 B. 42 C. 50 D. 55 14. Why did Yang name his home “Gui Gen Ju”? A. To show he loved Tsinghua Garden. B. To show he loved China deeply. C. To remember his childhood. D. To follow his parents’ wishes. 15. Which of the following is TRUE about Yang? A. He never worked with other scientists. B. He was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize. C. He helped connect China and the West in science. D. He started to study physics when he was in college. 16. What can we learn from Yang’s story? A. All childhood dreams can come true. B. Great scientists care about both science and their home country. C. Basic science is more important than other sciences. D. It’s easy to make big discoveries if people work together. 【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了20世纪最伟大的物理学家之一杨振宁，一生有着卓越的科学成就，且始终深爱着祖国，其故事诠释了伟大人物对科学与家国的双重坚守。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Yang was born in Anhui, China in 1922.”和“in 1957, they won the Nobel Prize in Physics”可知，杨振宁1922年出生，1957年获得诺贝尔物理学奖，1957-1922=35岁。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In his later years, he lived at Tsinghua University and named his home ‘Gui Gen Ju’ (Home of Returning Roots), showing his love for China.”可知，他将自己的家命名为“归根居”是为了表达对中国深深的热爱。故选B。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In 1971, he was the first famous Chinese scientist to visit China, starting a wave of overseas scholars’ visits. He advised the Chinese government on science research and helped Chinese students study abroad.”可知，他推动了海外学者访华，为中国政府提供科研建议并帮助中国学生出国留学，搭建了中外科学交流的桥梁。故选C。 【16题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“His story tells us that great people care about both science and their homeland.”可知，我们能从杨振宁的故事中得知，伟大的科学家既关心科学也关心自己的祖国。故选B。 第二节 阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Exchange visits help people understand different cultures. Students, teachers and workers often join these programs to learn from other countries. During the visit, they can live with local families, go to schools or workplaces, and experience daily life themselves. ____17____ This close time helps stop misunderstandings and build friendship. ____18____ For students, it’s a great chance to get better at languages. They don’t just learn grammar from books—they practice speaking with locals every day. They may also learn local phrases not taught in class, making their language sound more natural. Exchange visits also help people see things in new ways. A city teacher might visit a village school abroad. There, they find new ways to plan lessons or help students—ideas to take back to work. ____19____ Even simple things, like how locals solve problems or celebrate festivals, open their minds. However, exchange visits can be hard at first, like missing home. But with patience, most get through it and grow a lot. ____20____ A. Exchange visits let students improve language skills in real life easily. B. Exchange visits are mainly for people who love to travel around the world. C. These new ideas not only help their work but also make students learn better. D. In the end, exchange visits are more than a trip—they’re a valuable learning journey. E. They can also try local food, join in traditional activities, and talk about their own cultures. 【答案】17. E 18. A 19. C 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了交流访问活动对人们的好处。 【17题详解】 根据“During the visit, they can live with local families, go to schools or workplaces, and experience daily life themselves.”可知，人们在交流访问期间可以做的事，E项 “他们还可以品尝当地食物，参加传统活动，谈论自己的文化” 符合语境，故选E。 【18题详解】 根据“For students, it’s a great chance to get better at languages.”可知，此处介绍交流活动让学生更好地提高自己的语言，A项“交流活动让学生在现实生活中轻松提高语言技能”符合语境，故选A。 【19题详解】 根据“A city teacher might visit a village school abroad. There, they find new ways to plan lessons or help students—ideas to take back to work.”可知，一位城市教师可能会访问国外的乡村学校。在那里，他们找到了计划课程或帮助学生的新方法——这些想法可以带回到工作中。此处介绍想法对他们的帮助。C项“这些新想法不仅有助于他们的工作，也使学生学得更好”符合语境，故选C。 【20题详解】 根据“But with patience, most get through it and grow a lot.”可知，此处总结交流访问活动，D项 “最后，交流访问不仅仅是一次旅行——它们是一次宝贵的学习之旅”符合语境，故选D。 二、完形填空 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) William grew up in a poor family in Africa. His family lived in a village with no ___21___. At night, they used oil lamps for light. However, oil was too expensive for his parents to afford. William wanted to ___22___ life there but he had no idea how to realize it. One day, he read a book on how to turn wind into electricity with a windmill. “That is ___23___!” Though he didn’t know what a windmill was, he decided to give it a try. First he had to ___24___ all the materials. He dug through the rubbish with his cousin in the villages nearby and ___25___ his goal until he got what he wanted. Then he started to make the windmill. The moment his farm work finished in the fields, he threw himself on studying the materials, staying ___26___ till midnight. Finally, he made it after many ___27___. He fixed the windmill on the top of a wood tower to catch wind. The villagers came to look. A long wire was used to connect to a bulb to the windmill. The wind blew and the windmill ___28___. To their amazement, the bulb lit up. The villagers cheered. William threw his hands in the air and jumped ___29___. To produce more energy, he built another windmill for his village. Born into poverty, William didn’t give up in the face of difficulties. He kept reading, taught himself and lit up the whole ___30___. 21. A. gas B. water C. Internet D. electricity 22. A. protect B. improve C. create D. understand 23. A. amazing B. surprised C. worried D. important 24. A. buy B. invent C. collect D. borrow 25. A. stuck to B. went over C. looked into D. learn about 26. A. calm B. awake C. relaxed D. free 27. A. tells B. excuses C. failures D. meeting 28. A. fell B. flew C. opened D. turned 29. A. excitedly B. hurriedly C. carefully D. worriedly 30. A. team B. club C. school D. village 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了主人公威廉用风车发电，改善村庄生活条件的故事。 【21题详解】 句意：他家住在一个没有电的村子里。 gas煤气；water水；Internet互联网；electricity电。根据“At night, they used oil lamps for light.”可知，他们晚上用油灯照明，说明村子里没有电。故选D。 【22题详解】 句意：威廉想改善那里的生活，但他不知道如何实现。 protect保护；improve改善；create创造；understand理解。根据“William wanted to…life there”可知，威廉想改善村里的生活条件。故选B。 【23题详解】 句意：太神奇了！ amazing惊奇的；surprised惊讶的；worried担心的；important重要的。根据“how to turn wind into electricity with a windmill”可知，风车可以把风变成电，这是令人惊奇的。故选A。 【24题详解】 句意：首先他得收集所有的材料。 buy买；invent发明；collect收集；borrow借。根据“He dug through the rubbish with his cousin in the villages nearby”可知，威廉在村庄附近挖掘垃圾用来收集做风车的材料。故选C。 【25题详解】 句意：他和他的表弟在附近的村庄里挖掘垃圾，坚持他的目标，直到他得到了他想要的。 stuck to坚持；went over检查；looked into调查；learn about了解。根据“his goal”可知，此处指他坚持目标。故选A。 【26题详解】 句意：当他在田里完成农活的那一刻，他就埋头研究材料，一直到半夜还醒着。 calm镇静的；awake醒着的；relaxed放松的；free自由的。根据“he threw himself on studying the materials, staying…till midnight.”可知，为了制作风车，威廉埋头研究，直到半夜还醒着。故选B。 【27题详解】 句意：经过多次失败，他终于成功了。 tells告诉；excuses借口；failures失败；meeting会议。根据“Finally, he made it after many…”可知，经过多次失败之后，威廉成功了。故选C。 【28题详解】 句意：风一吹，风车转了起来。 fell摔倒；flew飞；opened打开；turned转动。根据“The wind blew and the windmill…”可知，风一吹，风车会转。故选D。 【29题详解】 句意：威廉举起双手，兴奋地跳了起来。 excitedly兴奋地；hurriedly匆忙地；carefully认真地；worriedly担心地。根据“To their amazement, the bulb lit up.”可知，灯泡亮了，威廉成功了，所以他兴奋地跳起来。故选A。 【30题详解】 句意：他坚持读书，自学，点亮了整个村庄。 team团队；club俱乐部；school学校；village村庄。根据“To produce more energy, he built another windmill for his village.”及“and lit up the whole…”可知，威廉最终点亮了整个村庄。故选D。 第二部分 非选择题 (共40分) 三、语篇填空 (共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Learning English well isn’t as hard as you think—it just needs the right ways and practice. Here are some useful tips for you. First, build a good habit of reading. Start with basic and simple materials, for instance, short English ____31____ (story) or picture books about daily life. While reading, don’t stop to look up every new word; just guess its meaning first. This helps you avoid ____32____ (break) your reading flow and makes you read faster. Second, practice speaking every day. At first, you might feel ____33____ (nervous) to speak in front of the whole class than with a few close classmates, but don’t worry if you make mistakes—no one will make fun ____34____ you. Speaking is a ____35____ (center) part of learning English, so you can start with small topics. The more you speak, the more confident you’ll become. Third, listen ____36____ (careful) in class and do exercises on time. Your progress doesn’t depend ____37____ luck—hard work plays a big role. When doing listening tasks, try to catch key information instead of understanding every sentence completely. You can also listen to ____38____ short English song after class. And if you find a song you like, you can even sing along—this makes learning feel more fun! ____39____ (four), use new words in your writing. If you learn a new word, write a note in your notebook and try to use it in a sentence or diary. This has a good effect on remembering words. Finally, be patient. Learning English is a slow process—don’t hope for quick results. Keep practicing, ____40____ you’ll see big progress soon! 【答案】31. stories 32. breaking 33. more nervous 34. of 35. central 36. carefully 37. on 38. a 39. Fourth 40. and 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了学好英语的几个有效方法。 【31题详解】 句意：从基础简单的材料开始，例如关于日常生活的短篇英语故事或图画书。此处泛指短篇英语故事，用名词复数形式。故填stories。 【32题详解】 句意：这有助于你避免打断阅读的流畅性，让你读得更快。avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，空处用动名词形式。故填breaking。 【33题详解】 句意：起初，你可能会觉得在全班同学面前讲话比和几个亲密的同学在一起讲话更加紧张，但如果你犯错，不要担心——没有人会取笑你。根据“than”可知，此处用比较级，nervous的比较级为more nervous。故填more nervous。 【34题详解】 句意：起初，你可能会觉得在全班同学面前讲话比和几个亲密的同学在一起讲话更加紧张，但如果你犯错，不要担心——没有人会取笑你。make fun of“取笑”，固定短语。故填of。 【35题详解】 句意：口语是学习英语的核心部分，因此你可以从一些小话题开始。空处修饰名词part，用形容词central“中心的”，作定语。故填central。 【36题详解】 句意：第三，在课堂上认真听讲并按时完成练习。空处修饰动词listen，用副词形式。故填carefully。 【37题详解】 句意：你的进步不依赖于运气——努力起着重要作用。depend on“依赖”。故填on。 【38题详解】 句意：课后你也可以听一首简短的英文歌曲。此处泛指“一首简短的英文歌曲”，short是辅音音素开头的单词，用a修饰。故填a。 【39题详解】 句意：第四，在你的写作中使用新单词。此处表示第四点，用序数词表示顺序，且句首单词，首字母大写。故填Fourth。 【40题详解】 句意：坚持练习，你很快就会看到很大的进步！空前后句是顺承关系，用and连接。故填and。 四、阅读与表达 (共4小题，41-43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分) 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Chinese writer Mo Yan is famous all over the world, but do you know Anna Gustafson Chen, his Swedish translator (翻译家)? Chen was born in 1965 in Sweden. Now she is quite good at Chinese. She started learning Chinese when she was twenty years old. She has been translating Chinese books into Swedish for more than 20 years. By the year of 2012, she had translated over 20 Chinese novels. She has finished translating Mo Yan’s Red Sorghum. The Garlic Ballads and Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out. She has also translated books from other famous Chinese writers, for example, Yu Hua’s To Live and Su Tong’s Wives and Concubines. Chen has won the Swedish Academy Translation Award for her works. Chen first read Mo Yan’s novel Red Sorghum in the early 1990s. “I read Ge Haowen’s English translation in a bookstore. I found it was so interesting that I bought the Chinese version and tried to translate it. It took me a long time because it was not my professional job. I had to translate it only in my free time, ” Chen says. Though Mo Yan wrote the first draft (初稿) of Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out in only 43 days, Chen had been translating it for six years. Chen says her work has opened up a window to the world. She says, “Learning Chinese has let me love more and more about China and Chinese culture.” 41. Where was Anna Gustafson Chen born? ____________________________________________________________ 42. Why did Anna Gustafson Chen try to translate Mo Yan’s novel Red Sorghum? ____________________________________________________________ 43. How long did it take Chen to translate the first draft of Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out? ____________________________________________________________ 44. What benefits do you think learning a foreign language will bring us? (write 30 words or more) ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. She was born in Sweden. 42. Because she found Ge Haowen’s English translation of Red Sorghum so interesting. 43. Six years. 44. 开放性试题，合理即可。Learning a foreign language can help us understand different cultures, open up a window to the world, and build bridges of communication between nations. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了瑞典翻译家安娜・古斯塔夫森・陈的生平、翻译成就，以及她翻译莫言作品的经历和对学习中文的感受。 【41题详解】 根据“Chen was born in 1965 in Sweden.”可知，安娜・古斯塔夫森・陈的出生地是瑞典。故填She was born in Sweden. 【42题详解】 根据“I read Ge Haowen’s English translation in a bookstore. I found it was so interesting that I bought the Chinese version and tried to translate it.”可知，她尝试翻译《红高粱》是因为觉得其英文译本很有趣。故填Because she found Ge Haowen’s English translation of Red Sorghum so interesting. 【43题详解】 根据“Though Mo Yan wrote the first draft of Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out in only 43 days, Chen had been translating it for six years.”可知，陈翻译该初稿花费了六年时间。故填Six years. 【44题详解】 开放性试题，合理即可。根据“learning Chinese has let me love more and more about China and Chinese culture”等内容，可从文化理解、视野拓展等角度作答。故填Learning a foreign language can help us understand different cultures, open up a window to the world, and build bridges of communication between nations. 五、书面表达 (满分20分) 45. 感恩是中华民族的传统美德，懂得感恩是生命中的大智慧。初中阶段，一定有人帮助你、陪伴你、感动你。值此毕业之际，以信传情。 请你根据要点提示，给你最想感谢的人写一封信，心怀感恩。 内容要点： 1. 表达对他/她的感谢； 2. 回顾过去暖心的经历； 3. 传达对他/她的美好祝愿。 注意事项： 1. 必须包含提示内容，可适当发挥； 2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯； 3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名和校名。 Dear, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Ms. Lee, I want to say “thank you” to you. In my junior high school life, you helps me a lot. You take good care of me and often help me with my English. When I am in trouble, you always encourage me to face my difficulties and give me good advice. I still remember that once I failed in an important English exam and was upset. You cheered me up and told me some good ways to improve my English. Thanks to you, I have made great progress in English and am becoming more and more interested in it. I’m very thankful for all that you have done for me. I hope that you are healthy and happy every day. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇书信作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏信息提示的内容，适当增加细节，并且突出写作的要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。直接说明要感谢谁，表达感谢； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。重点介绍过去经历； 第三步，书写结语。表达美好祝愿。 [亮点词汇] ①take good care of好好照顾 ②encourage鼓励 ③upset烦恼的 ④made great progress取得极大的进步 [高分句型] ①When I am in trouble, you always encourage me to face my difficulties and give me good advice.（when引导时间状语从句） ②I still remember that once I failed in an important English exam and was upset. （that引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 笔试部分 (共45道题满分90分) 第一部分 选择题 (共50分) 一、阅读理解 (共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分) 第一节 阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Here are some encyclopedias for you to read in our online library. The Columbia Encyclopedia (Sixth Edition): An English-language dictionary containing more than 51,000 topics, the Columbia Encyclopedia provides trusted facts and information. More than 200 people make great efforts for depth and accuracy (精确) of the encyclopedia. Its topics are complete and clear. Medical encyclopedias: Online medical encyclopedias are for doctors, educators and students. The library of free medical encyclopedias contains many kinds of trusted facts that cover medical conditions, medical symptoms (症状), and medical causes of health-related problems. Computer encyclopedias: Our online library of computer encyclopedias is very useful whether you’re looking for in-depth research or just learning about computer technology. The computer encyclopedias include topics like computer science, computer science and engineering, and computer science and technology. Science encyclopedias: Our online library of science encyclopedias covers many kinds of topics from biology, psychology, and chemistry to religion and science discoveries. Our online science encyclopedias for kids are a big help for school research projects and science experiments. 1. How many kinds of encyclopedias are mentioned? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 2. Medical encyclopedias are for the following people EXCEPT ________. A. doctors B. educators C. scientists D. students 3. Maria is a student and she wants to learn something about computer science. Which of the following can she choose? A. The Columbia Encyclopedia. B. Computer encyclopedias. C. Medical encyclopedias. D. Science encyclopedias. 4. Where does the passage probably come from? A. A history book. B. A school website. C. A storybook. D. A diary. B Last summer, 12-year-old Lila visited her grandpa’s old workshop. It had old tools, a small window that let in sunlight, and a wooden shelf with dusty jars of nails (钉子). There, under a loose (松动的) floorboard, she found a yellowed notebook with strange marks—“I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ” next to her grandpa’s tool list. “What do these mean?” Lila asked, holding the notebook up and leaning (凑近) closer to her grandpa. Grandpa smiled and sat her down on a wooden chair by the window. “Long ago, people didn’t use 1, 2, 3 like we do now. The Romans made those marks—they’re called Roman numerals. I learned them when I was 10, to count nails and wood for my dad’s small shop.” He pointed to the notebook: “‘V’ stands for 5, ‘X’ for 10. See? I wrote ‘XII’ next to the hammers—that meant 12 hammers total.” Lila’s eyes lit up brightly. Grandpa took out a 60-year-old ruler with Roman numerals on it. “Back then, we used them to measure wood lengths for tables. But they’re tricky—you can’t add or subtract (减) easily. Later, Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3) came. They’re simpler, so everyone started using them more.” That day, Lila copied 10 Roman numerals in her notebook carefully. Now, whenever she sees “XII” on a clock, she thinks of grandpa’s story—and how numbers once changed to make life easier. 5. When did Lila’s grandpa learn Roman numerals? A. When he was 10 years old. B. When he started working in the workshop. C. When Lila visited him last summer. D. When he bought the 60-year-old ruler. 6. What does the underlined word “tricky” mean in Paragraph 3? A. Easy to learn. B. Difficult to use. C. Fun to practice. D. Important to remember. 7. What can we infer from the passage? A. Lila will stop using Arabic numerals after the visit. B. Roman numerals are no longer used in any way today. C. Lila’s grandpa used Roman numerals in his work before. D. Arabic numerals were invented by Lila’s grandpa’s dad. 8. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How Lila helped her grandpa clean the old workshop. B. How Lila learned about Roman numerals from her grandpa. C. Why Arabic numerals are used in modern clocks. D. Why Lila’s grandpa liked collecting old notebooks. C Smart homes are becoming more and more popular these days. What is a smart home? A smart home is a living space with advanced technology. It allows you to control different devices (装置) in your home by just tapping on your smartphone—whether you’re at home or on your way to work. Smart homes include smart devices and systems, such as locks, fridges, bulbs, washing machines...You may wonder how they work. Smart speakers are used to play music or answer questions with voices. Smart lighting system can be controlled remotely according to your schedule. Smart fridges might suggest recipes and even order foods you need. All these devices work together as one to make your home smarter and your life easier. What are the advantages of a smart home? Firstly, it is convenient. You can control your home with smartphones or voices. Secondly, it’s helpful to avoid the unnecessary waste, so it possibly benefits the environment. Thirdly, if anything unusual happens around your home, the systems may begin to work to protect you and your home right now. However, it may not be for everybody. Smart devices are usually more expensive than the traditional ones. What’s more, smart home systems rely on connectivity and data (数据) collection, so privacy problems may appear. Each coin has two sides, so do smart homes. It’s up to you to design your own living environment. 9. What is a smart home according to the passage? A. A living space with bulbs. B. A living space with fridges. C. A living space with washing machines. D. A living space with advanced technology. 10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. A smart home. B. A smart speaker. C. A smart system. D. A smart lock. 11. Why are smart homes becoming more and more popular these days? A. Because they fit all the people. B. Because they may collect data easily. C. Because they are cheaper than the traditional ones. D. Because they can make your life safe, convenient and environmentally friendly. 12. What is the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. D Chen-Ning Yang is one of the greatest physicists of the 20th century. His life is about both amazing science discoveries and deep love for his homeland. Yang was born in Anhui, China in 1922. He grew up in Tsinghua Garden. At 12, after reading a book about the universe, he told his parents, “I will win the Nobel Prize one day!” In 1956, Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee came up with a new idea about particle (粒子) physics. Their idea was proved right, and in 1957, they won the Nobel Prize in Physics, becoming the first Chinese to get this honor. Yang’s most important work is the Yang-Mills gauge Theory, created with Robert Mills in 1954. This theory helped build the base for the Standard Model in particle physics, explaining how basic particles interact. It is as important as Einstein’s and Maxwell’s theories in physics history. Though Yang worked abroad for years, he never forgot China. In 1971, he was the first famous Chinese scientist to visit China, starting a wave of overseas scholars’ visits. He advised the Chinese government on science research and helped Chinese students study abroad. In his later years, he lived at Tsinghua University and named his home “Gui Gen Ju” (Home of Returning Roots), showing his love for China. Yang said, “I’m proud of being Chinese and honored to work for modern science.” His story tells us that great people care about both science and their homeland. 13. At what age did Yang win the Nobel Prize in Physics? A. 35 B. 42 C. 50 D. 55 14. Why did Yang name his home “Gui Gen Ju”? A. To show he loved Tsinghua Garden. B. To show he loved China deeply. C. To remember his childhood. D. To follow his parents’ wishes. 15. Which of the following is TRUE about Yang? A. He never worked with other scientists. B. He was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize. C. He helped connect China and the West in science. D. He started to study physics when he was in college. 16. What can we learn from Yang’s story? A. All childhood dreams can come true. B. Great scientists care about both science and their home country. C. Basic science is more important than other sciences. D. It’s easy to make big discoveries if people work together. 第二节 阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Exchange visits help people understand different cultures. Students, teachers and workers often join these programs to learn from other countries. During the visit, they can live with local families, go to schools or workplaces, and experience daily life themselves. ____17____ This close time helps stop misunderstandings and build friendship. ____18____ For students, it’s a great chance to get better at languages. They don’t just learn grammar from books—they practice speaking with locals every day. They may also learn local phrases not taught in class, making their language sound more natural. Exchange visits also help people see things in new ways. A city teacher might visit a village school abroad. There, they find new ways to plan lessons or help students—ideas to take back to work. ____19____ Even simple things, like how locals solve problems or celebrate festivals, open their minds. However, exchange visits can be hard at first, like missing home. But with patience, most get through it and grow a lot. ____20____ A. Exchange visits let students improve language skills in real life easily. B. Exchange visits are mainly for people who love to travel around the world. C. These new ideas not only help their work but also make students learn better. D. In the end, exchange visits are more than a trip—they’re a valuable learning journey. E. They can also try local food, join in traditional activities, and talk about their own cultures. 二、完形填空 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) William grew up in a poor family in Africa. His family lived in a village with no ___21___. At night, they used oil lamps for light. However, oil was too expensive for his parents to afford. William wanted to ___22___ life there but he had no idea how to realize it. One day, he read a book on how to turn wind into electricity with a windmill. “That is ___23___!” Though he didn’t know what a windmill was, he decided to give it a try. First he had to ___24___ all the materials. He dug through the rubbish with his cousin in the villages nearby and ___25___ his goal until he got what he wanted. Then he started to make the windmill. The moment his farm work finished in the fields, he threw himself on studying the materials, staying ___26___ till midnight. Finally, he made it after many ___27___. He fixed the windmill on the top of a wood tower to catch wind. The villagers came to look. A long wire was used to connect to a bulb to the windmill. The wind blew and the windmill ___28___. To their amazement, the bulb lit up. The villagers cheered. William threw his hands in the air and jumped ___29___. To produce more energy, he built another windmill for his village. Born into poverty, William didn’t give up in the face of difficulties. He kept reading, taught himself and lit up the whole ___30___. 21. A. gas B. water C. Internet D. electricity 22. A. protect B. improve C. create D. understand 23. A. amazing B. surprised C. worried D. important 24. A. buy B. invent C. collect D. borrow 25. A. stuck to B. went over C. looked into D. learn about 26. A. calm B. awake C. relaxed D. free 27. A. tells B. excuses C. failures D. meeting 28. A. fell B. flew C. opened D. turned 29. A. excitedly B. hurriedly C. carefully D. worriedly 30. A. team B. club C. school D. village 第二部分 非选择题 (共40分) 三、语篇填空 (共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Learning English well isn’t as hard as you think—it just needs the right ways and practice. Here are some useful tips for you. First, build a good habit of reading. Start with basic and simple materials, for instance, short English ____31____ (story) or picture books about daily life. While reading, don’t stop to look up every new word; just guess its meaning first. This helps you avoid ____32____ (break) your reading flow and makes you read faster. Second, practice speaking every day. At first, you might feel ____33____ (nervous) to speak in front of the whole class than with a few close classmates, but don’t worry if you make mistakes—no one will make fun ____34____ you. Speaking is a ____35____ (center) part of learning English, so you can start with small topics. The more you speak, the more confident you’ll become. Third, listen ____36____ (careful) in class and do exercises on time. Your progress doesn’t depend ____37____ luck—hard work plays a big role. When doing listening tasks, try to catch key information instead of understanding every sentence completely. You can also listen to ____38____ short English song after class. And if you find a song you like, you can even sing along—this makes learning feel more fun! ____39____ (four), use new words in your writing. If you learn a new word, write a note in your notebook and try to use it in a sentence or diary. This has a good effect on remembering words. Finally, be patient. Learning English is a slow process—don’t hope for quick results. Keep practicing, ____40____ you’ll see big progress soon! 四、阅读与表达 (共4小题，41-43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分) 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 Chinese writer Mo Yan is famous all over the world, but do you know Anna Gustafson Chen, his Swedish translator (翻译家)? Chen was born in 1965 in Sweden. Now she is quite good at Chinese. She started learning Chinese when she was twenty years old. She has been translating Chinese books into Swedish for more than 20 years. By the year of 2012, she had translated over 20 Chinese novels. She has finished translating Mo Yan’s Red Sorghum. The Garlic Ballads and Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out. She has also translated books from other famous Chinese writers, for example, Yu Hua’s To Live and Su Tong’s Wives and Concubines. Chen has won the Swedish Academy Translation Award for her works. Chen first read Mo Yan’s novel Red Sorghum in the early 1990s. “I read Ge Haowen’s English translation in a bookstore. I found it was so interesting that I bought the Chinese version and tried to translate it. It took me a long time because it was not my professional job. I had to translate it only in my free time, ” Chen says. Though Mo Yan wrote the first draft (初稿) of Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out in only 43 days, Chen had been translating it for six years. Chen says her work has opened up a window to the world. She says, “Learning Chinese has let me love more and more about China and Chinese culture.” 41. Where was Anna Gustafson Chen born? ____________________________________________________________ 42. Why did Anna Gustafson Chen try to translate Mo Yan’s novel Red Sorghum? ____________________________________________________________ 43. How long did it take Chen to translate the first draft of Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out? ____________________________________________________________ 44. What benefits do you think learning a foreign language will bring us? (write 30 words or more) ____________________________________________________________ 五、书面表达 (满分20分) 45. 感恩是中华民族的传统美德，懂得感恩是生命中的大智慧。初中阶段，一定有人帮助你、陪伴你、感动你。值此毕业之际，以信传情。 请你根据要点提示，给你最想感谢的人写一封信，心怀感恩。 内容要点： 1. 表达对他/她的感谢； 2. 回顾过去暖心的经历； 3. 传达对他/她的美好祝愿。 注意事项： 1. 必须包含提示内容，可适当发挥； 2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯； 3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名和校名。 Dear, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $