Unit 4主题词汇与阅读训练课件 2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语上册

该初中英语课件为沪教版八年级上Unit4主题词汇与阅读提升资料，涵盖核心词汇（如invent, wheel）、短语（in search of, take place）、句子及“发明与技术”主题阅读（如轮子历史意义、电脑应用）。通过词汇-短语-句子基础学习过渡到语篇阅读，构建从语言要素到综合语用的学习支架，助力学生逐步提升语言能力。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力培养。语言能力上，核心词汇结合完形、阅读等多题型（如电脑教育应用完形填空）训练语用；思维品质上，阅读设辩证话题（电脑利弊）及推理题（父母锁电脑原因）培养分析批判思维；学习能力上，拓展阅读贴近生活（数字技术）激发探究兴趣。学生提升综合语言与思维能力，教师获系统资源提升教学效率。

沪教版八年级上 Unit4 主题词汇与阅读提升 invent v. 发明；创造 wheel n. 轮子；车轮 business n. 商业；生意 century n. 世纪；百年 progress n. 进步；进展 modern adj. 现代的；近代的 distance n. 距离；间距 核心单词 develop v. 发展；开发 create v. 创造；创作 ordinary adj. 普通的；平凡的 industry n. 工业 in search of： 寻找 a number of： 几个；若干 take place： 发生；进行 large amounts of： 大量的 come true： 实现 attach...to...： 把…… 固定在…… as a result： 结果；因此 not only...but also： 不仅…… 而且…… 核心短语 international trade： 国际贸易 depend on： 依靠；依赖 without doubt： 毫无疑问 of all time： 自古以来；有史以来 keep in touch with： 与…… 保持联系 instead of： 代替；作为… 的替换 in the daytime： 在白天 核心句子 When the first humans decided to leave their homes over 100,000 years ago in search of new places to live and better sources of food, they did it on foot.（当第一批人类在 10 万年前决定离开家园，寻找新的居住地和更好的食物来源时，他们都是步行的。） Humans continued walking across the globe for the next 94,000 years, until about 6,000 years ago when a number of important changes took place.（人类在接下来的 94000 年里继续在地球上行走，直到大约 6000 年前发生了一些重要的变化。） Although this meant that people could travel further and faster, transporting large amounts of goods was still a difficult job.（虽然这意味着人们可以走得更远、更快，但运输大量货物仍然是件困难的工作。） The wheel not only changed the way humans move, but it also allowed us to build all types of amazing machines.（轮子不仅改变了人类的移动方式，还让我们能够建造各种各样的神奇机器。） Without doubt, the wheel is one of the most important inventions of all time.（毫无疑问，轮子是有史以来最重要的发明之一。） The wheel changed the way villages, towns and even countries did business with each other, but it wasn't perfect.（轮子改变了村庄、城镇甚至国家之间做生意的方式，但它并不完美。） Without doubt, the wheel is one of the most important inventions of all time.（毫无疑问，轮子是有史以来最重要的发明之一。） The wheel changed the way villages, towns and even countries did business with each other, but it wasn't perfect.（轮子改变了村庄、城镇甚至国家之间做生意的方式，但它并不完美。） As a result, the first roads made of stone appeared after the arrival of the wheel.（因此，在轮子出现之后，第一条石路出现了。） Since then, people have been able to speak to each other over long distances.（从那时起，人们就可以远距离交谈了。） They allow people to keep in touch with each other anytime, anywhere.（它们让人们可以随时随地保持联系。） I think the wheel is the most important invention because it has changed transportation around the world.（我认为轮子是最重要的发明，因为它改变了世界各地的交通。） 课本链接 Computers are becoming more and more important in our daily life. With the development of science and technology, they have become smaller and smaller. There are many kinds of computers, such as personal computers and supercomputers. Computers are very useful in daily life. For example, we can use them to send messages to friends by email. What's more, we can also use them to share information with others through the World Wide Web, so others can know it. Computers make us relaxed. We can listen to music or play games on them. Computers can help to save much time and make people do much work. They can also help people to work out many problems easily. Now, our country asks students to learn to use computers because computers are used everywhere. Today more and more families have computers. Parents buy computers for their children. They hope computers can help them improve their studies in school. However, many of their children use computers to play games, watch videos or listen to music. In this way, computers cannot help children to study but make them fall behind. So computers are locked in boxes by parents. In some other countries, some scientists hate computers. They say computers let millions of people lose their jobs or bring them a lot of trouble. Will computers really bring trouble to people or can they bring people happiness? It will be decided by today's students themselves! 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 ( ) 1. How are computers becoming according to the passage? A. Bigger and bigger. B. Smaller and smaller. C. Heavier and heavier. D. Cheaper and cheaper. ( ) 2. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A. How to use computers to talk with others. B. The uses of computers in our daily life. C. How to spend free time with computers. D. The funny effects of using computers. ( ) 3. Why do parents lock computers in boxes? A. Computers are almost useless to them at home. B. They think computers are bad for their children's eyes. C. They're afraid their children may use computers incorrectly. D. They don't want to spend much time on computers at home. ( ) 4. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. All scientists believe computers are harmful. B. Computers have only negative effects on jobs. C. Students will decide computers' future influence. D. Students should stop using computers completely. Hiking (徒步旅行) is a great outdoor activity. Many people like doing it. Walking in the forest or on the mountain is very relaxing. Hiking is also healthy exercise. (1) _______ B 主题漫步 Some people choose not to hike with others. They can use the time to think about their lives. (2) _______ When they are hiking, they can hear the birds singing. The fresh air can make them feel comfortable. Other people enjoy hiking with friends. The Adirondacks in New York State have 46 tall mountains. Some people have climbed all 46 mountains. (3) _______ A F My mom has climbed all 46 mountains. It took her many years to do so. (4) ________ They learned a lot during their hikes. My uncle John finished climbing all the mountains many years ago. But my mom didn't have a lot of time to go hiking because of her job and her children at that time. E When we grew up and my mom stopped working, her brother John died. (5) _______ When she went hiking, she thought a lot about him. Hiking was a way of remembering her brother. She finished all the hikes in 2019. In short, she was a really great person in my mind. C 阅读短文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 A. Hiking alone makes them feel quiet. B. It makes your legs and your heart stronger. C. She decided she would finish climbing all of the mountains for him. D. It's safe and fun to go for a long walk with others. E. She used to hike the mountains with her brother John. F. They are all happy they have finished hiking all of these mountains. 阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的选项中，选出最佳选项。 As we all know, computers are important in education now. How do they help in 1 ? ( ) 1. A. factories 　　B. classrooms 　　C. hospitals 　　D. museums 完形小测 B For students, classes on computers seem to be more 2 . They can easily be active (积极的) if they use computers to have classes in classrooms. What's more, doing homework on computers seems funnier than writing it on 3 . ( ) 2. A. boring 　　 B. beautiful 　　 C. difficult 　　 D. interesting ( ) 3. A. paper 　　　 B. oil 　　　　　 C. diaries 　　　 D. magazines D A Computers also make a lot of changes in teachers' work. Teachers use computers to 4 grades and students' performance in class. Computers also help teachers change their teaching ways. Instead of standing at the front of the classroom for a long time, teachers can use videos, photos and movies in class. They help students 5 their teachers easily. ( ) 4. A. practise 　　 B. influence 　　 C. record 　 D. include ( ) 5. A. describe 　　 B. improve 　　　　 C. leave 　　 D. understand C D Although computers are 6 , some people don't think it is good to use computers in classes. First, they think students may pay attention to other things like games, videos or interesting news when they are having classes. In addition, although computers can 7 the mistakes (错误) in students' homework and help students correct the mistakes in time, it's not good for students to depend on computers too much. ( ) 6. A. impossible 　　B. helpful 　　　 C. noisy 　　 D. ancient ( ) 7. A. check 　　　　B. appreciate 　　 C. add 　　　 D. attract B A Every coin has two sides. In my opinion, it's a good idea to use computers in classrooms. Teachers can also use online quizzes to get instant feedback (即时的反馈) and adjust (调整) lessons 8 . Moreover, students who need extra help can do better with computer 9 made just for them. However, students should control themselves and use them in a 10 way. ( ) 8. A. probably 　　 B. really 　　 C. quickly 　 D. hardly ( ) 9. A. language 　　 B. patterns 　 C. sizes 　　 D. software ( ) 10. A. harmful 　　 B. right 　　　 C. different 　 D. personal C D B 阅读理解 Digital technology has become part of our daily lives. It changes the way we talk to people, learn new things, and even live at home. 主题拓展阅读 Talking to Anyone, Anywhere Long ago, people wrote letters that took weeks to arrive. Now, we can send messages or have video calls with friends and family far away right away. Apps let us share photos and news quickly. But some people think spending too much time online might mean we talk less deeply with friends in person. ▲ Imagine that you walk into a room and the lights turn on by themselves! Or your fridge tells you it’s time to buy milk. Smart home gadgets like speakers with voice helpers can do these things. But people worry about keeping their information safe and depending too much on machines. More Fun in Learning Schools are changing too. You can find lots of books and information online anytime. Learning websites use games and fun activities to teach subjects. Virtual reality (VR) glasses can make you feel like you are inside a history lesson or exploring space! This makes learning exciting, but teachers need to make sure everyone can use these tools. Using Tech Wisely Digital life is great, but it’s important to take breaks. More and more people are busy with their digital devices and choose to chat online. Setting times for meals or family fun without phones helps us connect with people around us. Learning how to stay safe online is also key. Technology is a good helper if we use it in the right way. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 ( ) 1. What is a modern way to communicate with family far away? A. Writing letters. B. Sending postcards. C. Meeting in person. D. Making video calls. ( ) 2. What can a smart fridge do according to the passage? A. Help turn on room lights. B. Make the things in it fresher. C. Answer questions like a voice helper. D. Tell people when to buy things they need. ( ) 3. Which of the following is best for “▲”? A. Smarter Homes B. Cleverer Phones C. Brighter Schools D. Higher Technology ( ) 4. How can VR glasses help in learning? A. Make lessons more difficult. B. Help teachers create interesting games. C. Make students feel like they are in a real place. D. Provide students with quick ways for online books. ( ) 5. What can we infer about the bad points of digital life from the last paragraph? A. It will make people become lazy. B. It might weaken face - to - face communication. C. It will make people spend too much money online. D. It could make personal information safer than before. 阅 读 填 空 Technology lets us make friends worldwide. We join online groups, share videos in seconds, and chat anytime. (1) ________ So it's time to rethink our digital communication habits. F When Screens Change Skills A teen might text easily but find it hard to start a talk at a party, which is a common problem. Because texting allows people to edit (编辑) messages and hide feelings behind emojis, making communication easier. (2) _____ Offline talks require people to make quick responses, read faces, and understand tones (语气). If you want to make real friends, you'd better do it in real life than online. A Balancing (均衡) Online and Real Life (3) ______ They're still great for keeping up with distant cousins or finding science project partners. That's why balancing both sides is important in your daily life. For example: Have video calls with grandparents weekly but also visit them monthly. (4) ______ Share fun posts online and then discuss them with classmates face-to-face. C D What True Connection Means A "like" on your post gives quick joy; a friend helping you fix a bike builds lasting trust. True connection isn't about choosing one — it's about using both wisely. (5) ______ E 阅读短文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 A. But face-to-face talks build deeper trust. B. Social media (社交媒体) makes people happier. C. But this doesn't mean stopping using digital tools. D. Join online study groups and real-life basketball clubs. E. To connect well, we need both online and offline skills. F. But some studies show that plenty of social media users feel lonelier. 语法填空 根据短文内容，用所给单词的适当形式填空，未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。 Our school started a new online learning system last month for science lessons, focusing on rivers around the world. I felt both excited and curious (好奇的) because I always wanted (1) _________ (try) such a digital class in my whole school life before. to try After logging into the platform (登录平台), the teacher (2) ________ (say) clearly: “Now, please listen! Complete three (3) _________ (task) online by yourselves today!” We needed to collect at least ten clear photos of rivers from different countries. I opened (4) ____ well - known search website on my computer. After that, I kept (5) ____________ (work) at once. I was afraid that it might take a long time to finish the tasks, (6) ______ I didn't waste any time. said tasks a working so (7) _______________ (surprising), I found twenty perfect pictures in only eight minutes! The smart system gave shining stars (8) _______ my excellent work, especially for fast results. This made me feel very well. About half an hour later, we joined small online teams. Everyone felt proud to share the things they found. Using the chat tool, Leo gladly showed (9) _____________ (interest) maps with river information. Everyone gave him big applause (喝彩) on the platform, including me. Surprisingly for interesting Finally, we put together everyone's pictures into one group project. Seeing (10) ______ (we) different photos and notes come together was a great moment. How helpful modern technology is in making study fun and effective! our $