Unit 4 Inventions（单元测试·提升卷）英语沪教版2024八年级上册

2025-2026学年八年级上册英语单元测试 Unit4·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、语法选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In a small town, there was a curious boy named Ted. He loved taking things apart and then 1 them back together. He usually succeeded, 2 sometimes he failed. One day, while he was watching his mother cook, he noticed that she had trouble 3 the sauce. He thought there must be another way and decided to invent 4 better. After a 5 afternoon, Ted created a new invention. He took apart a broken wood mixer (搅拌器) and then connected it to a motor (电动机). It was able to stir things by itself 6 it got power from the motor. It was so convenient that anyone 7 stir the sauce easily. The next day, he showed 8 invention to his mother, who was surprised and encouraged him to improve it. Ted kept working and finally added a timer, making it even 9 . The user could leave the tool on the table and not have to worry about the sauce burning. 10 his mom’s support, he introduced it to his classmates. Later, 11 his schoolmates went to see it. Ted’s invention became popular quickly. They used it 12 drinks and sauces, and it was easy to clean. At the School Science Festival, Ted received 13 award for his creativity. Since then, he 14 many inventions which help people live better lives. It’s meaningful to find out what you have an 15 in and keep going. 1．A．put B．puts C．to put D．putting 2．A．or B．so C．and D．but 3．A．to stir B．stirred C．stirs D．stirring 4．A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything 5．A．busy B．busily C．busier D．busiest 6．A．so B．if C．before D．though 7．A．could B．need C．must D．should 8．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 9．A．good B．better C．best D．the best 10．A．With B．About C．Without D．Against 11．A．hundred of B．hundreds of C．a hundred of D．a hundreds of 12．A．mix B．mixed C．mixing D．to mix 13．A．/ B．a C．an D．the 14．A．invent B．invented C．has invented D．have invented 15．A．interest B．interested C．interesting D．interestingly 二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Wood-block（木版）printing was invented sometime between the 4th and the 7th century in China. The earliest book that we have 16 in 868 and was discovered in a Dunhuang cave. Wood-block printing took a long time because a new block was needed for every 17 in a book. By the 11th century printed books appeared all over China. They 18 books of Confucius’ thoughts, dictionaries, and books on maths. In 1340, books could be printed using two 19 , black and red. Although the Chinese learnt about printing so 20 , printing was not introduced into other parts of the world for hundreds of years. It is thought that when the great Italian traveler Marco Polo 21 China in the 13th century, he saw printed books. It is possible that Marco Polo brought that 22 to Europe. But printed books did not come to Europe 23 1450 when a German called Johann Gutenberg invented a printing machine. Twenty-four years 24 , in 1474, an Englishman called William Caxton printed the 25 printed book in English. His second book was about the game of chess. Caxton printed about a hundred books, and some can still be seen today in museums. 16．A．was bought B．was printed C．was written D．was returned 17．A．page B．letter C．paper D．line 18．A．marked B．added C．included D．placed 19．A．types B．factories C．tastes D．colours 20．A．new B．early C．young D．slow 21．A．stored B．controlled C．visited D．wrote 22．A．tool B．machine C．book D．technology 23．A．until B．while C．after D．since 24．A．forward B．later C．back D．ago 25．A．same B．exciting C．first D．last 三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） A Long ago, in ancient China, there was a story about the invention of silk. People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor. Leizu learned how to make cocoons (蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth. This magical cloth became known as “silk”, and it was so valuable that it was called “China’s Gold”. Following kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries. But then, something amazing happened! During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian traveled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there. As years passed by, silk became so important that the trade road from Europe to China got its name—the Silk Road. The Silk Road became a busy highway for traders who carried things across deserts and mountains. From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices (香料), gold and silver from the West. At the very beginning, it was mainly about trade; then people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures. For example, Chinese inventions like papermaking were spread to the West, while new ideas about math and science came to China. Most importantly, the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other. Art, music and even language were shared along this ancient road. In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes (敦煌石窟) in China, you can see how art pieces combined (融合) Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive. It can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas. Today, we remember the Silk Road as one of the greatest examples of cooperation and exchange in history. It shows us how important it is to learn about and respect each other’s traditions, and that different cultures can work together to create amazing things. 26．Who invented silk in ancient China? A．Leizu. B．The kings. C．Zhang Qian. D．The Yellow Emperor. 27．What was spread from China to the West according to paragraph 3? A．Silk and gold. B．Tea and papermaking. C．Spices and silver. D．New ideas of science. 28．What is the right order of the following facts from the passage? ① Zhang Qian traveled west with silk. ②Art and language were shared along the Silk Road. ③ Traders from China and the West exchanged things. ④The Chinese were ordered to keep the secret of making silk. A．①→④→③→② B．①→③→④→② C．④→①→③→② D．④→③→②→① 29．What does the underlined word “distinctive” mean in paragraph 4? A．Special. B．Public. C．Popular. D．Strong. 30．What does the story of the Silk Road mainly tell us? A．The change of world trade. B．The introduction of silk cloth. C．The influence of technology in history. D．The importance of cross-cultural communication. B In a clear tank of water (水箱), fish are swimming happily. Wait a second, take a closer look at that blue one. It is actually a robot! This scene happened at an event, the World Digital Education Conference, from May 14th to 16th in Wuhan, Hubei province. Besides blue ones, there were red and yellow robotic fish, too. It is scientists at Wuhan University who have made them. At the length of about 53 centimeters, the fish were very lifelike. The joints (关节) in their heads and tails were made in a special way to let the fish move fast and easily. This is thanks to bionic engineering (仿生工程), which brings together nature and man-made things. “I love to see the bionic fish,” Professor James Crabbe from Oxford University told Jiupai News, “It could tell us much more about fish swarming and how fish behave (表现).” In fact, swarming in fish means they swim together in large groups. It helps them stay safe, find food and save energy (能量). Learning about swarming helps us understand how fish live and how changes in the environment matter to them. As for the pretty colors of the bionic fish, they come from the LED lights on their bodies, said People’s Daily. These lights can also make shadows, giving the underwater world a party feel. Even better, the bionic fish are smart. With the help of AI and sensors (传感器), they can “see” things in their way and learn to avoid them, said Changjiang Daily. The fish are already helping in the study of the Yangtze River’s water to help protect the environment. What amazing fish they are! 31．Which scene can be seen at the event in Wuhan? A． B． C． D． 32．What makes the bionic fish move fast and easily? A．Different colors. B．Special water tanks. C．Lifelike length. D．Body joints. 33．What can we know about swarming in fish? A．Swarming can keep fish free from any danger. B．Swarming makes it harder for fish to feed themselves. C．Swarming helps scientists learn about the habits of fish. D．Swarming may change the living environment of fish. 34．Which goal may be achieved with bionic fish? A．The quality of the Yangtze River’s water will be improved. B．More bridges over the Yangtze River have been built. C．Bionic fish take the place of fish in the Yangtze River. D．More ships begin to travel along the Yangtze River. 35．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Look! They’re dancing. B．Wait, that’s no fish! C．Stop! Don’t feed them. D．Hey, let’s try fishing! C Solar (太阳能) Backpack Lights Up Villages Two engineers in Kenya invented a solar backpack. It uses sunlight to charge (充电) and can provide light for up to 12 hours. So far, 5,000 students in villages without electricity have received these backpacks. A teacher said, “Children can study in the dark with this light.” The project raised $1 million and planned to reach 20 countries by 2025. Tokyo’s New E-Waste Recycling App A Tokyo company created a mobile app called “E-Cycle”. Users can exchange old electronics (电子设备), such as phones or computers, for coupons (优惠券). In six months, they collected 100 tons of e-waste, including 15,000 phones and 2,000 laptops. The CEO said, “We turn trash into useful materials.” Now, Seoul and Singapore are also using this method. _______________________________________ A farm in California uses smart robots to grow vegetables. These robots have cameras to find pests and wild grass. The pesticide (杀虫剂) use drops by 70% and crop harvests rise a lot. The farm owner said, “They’re like 1,000 eco-friendly workers who never sleep.” Thirty farming companies have given money to this technology to fight food shortages. 36．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news? A．EDUCATION. B．ENVIRONMENT. C．AMUSEMENT. D．CULTURE. 37．What is the main use of the solar backpack? A．To keep sunlight to make light. B．To give gifts to city students. C．To win a design competition. D．To build new schools in Kenya. 38．How does the “E-Cycle” app encourage recycling? A．By fixing up old phones. B．By offering coupons for old electronics. C．By using more workers to collect trash. D．By educating people about recycling. 39．What is the best heading for the third piece of news? A．California’s Food Shortage Dangers B．Cameras on Robots Help Environment C．Robot Farmers Help Grow Vegetables D．New Challenges in Farming 40．What does the above news focus on? A．Technology competitions in modern life. B．Green solutions for real problems. C．Government decisions on weather changes. D．Development plans for a better life. 四、阅读还原（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Scientists Make Edible (可食用的) Electronic Things What would you like for lunch? Maybe, a battery? 41 Robofood, a program led by Dario Floreano from the Swiss Federal Institute, has been the first try. The program plans to create robots that can be eaten and foods that act like robots by mixing food science and robots in a new way. According to the scientists, wings of the drone (无人机) were made from rice cakes glued together by using oil and chocolate. 42 And parts of the drone can also be eaten since they meet food safety standards set up by the United Nations for emergencies (紧急情况). However, the main challenge is finding stronger edible materials for the drone’s wings to prepare for bad weather and high temperatures. 43 Robofood also developed an edible sensor to help examine stomach sickness. 44 Unlike other sensors out there today, it’s designed to be easily digested (消化), lowering the risk of leaving any remains inside the body. 45 The world’s first fully edible batteries can help solve the growing problem of throwing away used batteries. Some parts of the battery are made of vitamin B2 and another natural element that can be found in many fruits including apples. So the new battery can be more friendly to nature. A．It can be eaten by the patient to check the conditions inside. B．The invention of Robofood also helps with environmental protection. C．Plenty of advanced drones are playing important roles in human health. D．As everyone knows, chocolate may melt (融化) easily when the temperature is high. E．Although it sounds unusual, this has already been realized by scientists as they develop electronic things you can eat. F．This drone can find missing people or animals in emergencies and carry important food or medicine to them. 五、短文填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） A.语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读短文，按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 William Campbell, Satoshi Omura and Tu Youyou jointly won the 2015 Nobel Prize for medicine for their work against parasitic diseases. 85-year-old Tu 46 (award) this prize for her contribution to 47 (reduce) the death rate of malaria (疟疾), minimizing patients’ suffering and promoting mankind’s 48 (healthy). This is what science is all about. As a matter of fact, Tu has won some attention when she 49 (get) the Lasker Award in 2011. But there is no way to compare her popularity back 50 the attention she is receiving today. As the first Chinese mainland Nobel Prize Winner of 51 (nature) science award, Tu’s winning 52 (complete) surprised Chinese people, who have long been wondering when the first Chinese Nobel Laureate in natural science would appear. Tu Youyou is the 53 (one) Chinese scientist to win a Nobel Prize for work carried out within China. She has spent 40 years’ time on scientific research. Although the Nobel Prize did not come to her until four decades later, it is one of 54 most privilege rewards that recognize Tu’s devotion in discovering artemisinin (青蒿素). Her record-breaking winning is a reminder that science is never about instant (立即的) 55 (succeed). There is no way to measure how much you spend on scientific research and compare it with how much reward you get. B. 语篇填词（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） Laszlo Biro (1899—1985) was the inventor of the ballpoint pen. He was b 56 in Budapest, Hungary. In the 1930s, when he w 57 as a newspaper editor, he used a fountain pen almost every day. However, he had to refill it all the time. The ink also did not dry easily, and it sometimes made a mess on the paper. Biro wanted a better pen that could a 58 such troubles. His brother, George, helped him develop a special ink. The ink dried easily. Then they made a new t59 of pen. There was a tiny ball at the tip of the pen. The ball rolled ink onto paper as it moved. They called it the “ballpoint” pen. The ballpoint pen was a success. Everyone loved it. Now millions of people use it all over the world every day. People will always remember Biro for his i 60 . Today in many English-speaking countries, people still use the word “biro” to refer to any kind of ballpoint pen. 六、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 61．许多重大事件影响了历史进程，例如，工业革命就是在 18 世纪发生的。 Many great events have influenced the course of history. , the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century. 62．每年都有大量的游客前往花果山。 large tourists go to Huaguo Mountain every year. 63．中国人毫无疑问是最懂茶的内涵的人。 , the Chinese are the ones who best understand the nature of tea. 64．他很懒，习惯依靠父母了。 He is lazy and is used to his parents. 65．如果他们听到了，又会取笑我的。 If they hear it, they me again. 七、书面表达（15分） 66．近年来，中国新四大发明在网络上广受热议。假如你是李华，你们学校围绕中国新四大发明(Four Great New Inventions of China)”主题举办了一场关于“最实用的发明”的投票活动(voting activity)。请你根据以下表格的内容写一篇文章，介绍这次活动及结果；并选择其中一项你最喜欢的发明，分享你的想法。 The Most Practical Invention Inventions Percentage 10% 35% 30% 25% Your favourite invention and reason(s) 注意： 1. 词数：80 词左右； 2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息。 In recent years, the Four Great New Inventions of China have made our life more and more convenient. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What do you think of these inventions? I’d love to hear from you soon. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年八年级上册英语单元测试 Unit4·提升卷（参考答案） 一、语法选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．C 15．A 二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．B 21．C 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．C 三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．B 36．B 37．A 38．B 39．C 40．B 四、阅读还原（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 41．E 42．F 43．D 44．A 45．B 五、短文填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） A.语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 46．was awarded 47．reducing 48．health 49．got 50．with 51．natural 52．completely 53．first 54．the 55．success B. 语篇填词（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 56．(b)orn 57．(w)orked 58．(a)void 59．(t)ype 60．(i)nvention 六、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 61.for instance；took place 62.A number of 63.Without doubt 64.depending on 65.will make fun of 七、书面表达（15分） In recent years, the Four Great New Inventions of China have made our life more and more convenient. Recently, our teacher asked students about the most practical invention. According to the result, online payment is the most popular. 35% of the students think it’s the most helpful in our daily life. We don’t have to carry cash and it makes shopping easier and safer. Among them, I like shared bikes best. They provide us with a new way of travelling. After riding a shared bike, I always feel energetic and healthy. With the development of China, more and more new inventions will come into our life. What do you think of these inventions? I’d love to hear from you soon. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年八年级上册英语单元测试 Unit4·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、语法选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In a small town, there was a curious boy named Ted. He loved taking things apart and then 1 them back together. He usually succeeded, 2 sometimes he failed. One day, while he was watching his mother cook, he noticed that she had trouble 3 the sauce. He thought there must be another way and decided to invent 4 better. After a 5 afternoon, Ted created a new invention. He took apart a broken wood mixer (搅拌器) and then connected it to a motor (电动机). It was able to stir things by itself 6 it got power from the motor. It was so convenient that anyone 7 stir the sauce easily. The next day, he showed 8 invention to his mother, who was surprised and encouraged him to improve it. Ted kept working and finally added a timer, making it even 9 . The user could leave the tool on the table and not have to worry about the sauce burning. 10 his mom’s support, he introduced it to his classmates. Later, 11 his schoolmates went to see it. Ted’s invention became popular quickly. They used it 12 drinks and sauces, and it was easy to clean. At the School Science Festival, Ted received 13 award for his creativity. Since then, he 14 many inventions which help people live better lives. It’s meaningful to find out what you have an 15 in and keep going. 1．A．put B．puts C．to put D．putting 2．A．or B．so C．and D．but 3．A．to stir B．stirred C．stirs D．stirring 4．A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything 5．A．busy B．busily C．busier D．busiest 6．A．so B．if C．before D．though 7．A．could B．need C．must D．should 8．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 9．A．good B．better C．best D．the best 10．A．With B．About C．Without D．Against 11．A．hundred of B．hundreds of C．a hundred of D．a hundreds of 12．A．mix B．mixed C．mixing D．to mix 13．A．/ B．a C．an D．the 14．A．invent B．invented C．has invented D．have invented 15．A．interest B．interested C．interesting D．interestingly 二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Wood-block（木版）printing was invented sometime between the 4th and the 7th century in China. The earliest book that we have 16 in 868 and was discovered in a Dunhuang cave. Wood-block printing took a long time because a new block was needed for every 17 in a book. By the 11th century printed books appeared all over China. They 18 books of Confucius’ thoughts, dictionaries, and books on maths. In 1340, books could be printed using two 19 , black and red. Although the Chinese learnt about printing so 20 , printing was not introduced into other parts of the world for hundreds of years. It is thought that when the great Italian traveler Marco Polo 21 China in the 13th century, he saw printed books. It is possible that Marco Polo brought that 22 to Europe. But printed books did not come to Europe 23 1450 when a German called Johann Gutenberg invented a printing machine. Twenty-four years 24 , in 1474, an Englishman called William Caxton printed the 25 printed book in English. His second book was about the game of chess. Caxton printed about a hundred books, and some can still be seen today in museums. 16．A．was bought B．was printed C．was written D．was returned 17．A．page B．letter C．paper D．line 18．A．marked B．added C．included D．placed 19．A．types B．factories C．tastes D．colours 20．A．new B．early C．young D．slow 21．A．stored B．controlled C．visited D．wrote 22．A．tool B．machine C．book D．technology 23．A．until B．while C．after D．since 24．A．forward B．later C．back D．ago 25．A．same B．exciting C．first D．last 三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） A Long ago, in ancient China, there was a story about the invention of silk. People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor. Leizu learned how to make cocoons (蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth. This magical cloth became known as “silk”, and it was so valuable that it was called “China’s Gold”. Following kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries. But then, something amazing happened! During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian traveled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there. As years passed by, silk became so important that the trade road from Europe to China got its name—the Silk Road. The Silk Road became a busy highway for traders who carried things across deserts and mountains. From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices (香料), gold and silver from the West. At the very beginning, it was mainly about trade; then people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures. For example, Chinese inventions like papermaking were spread to the West, while new ideas about math and science came to China. Most importantly, the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other. Art, music and even language were shared along this ancient road. In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes (敦煌石窟) in China, you can see how art pieces combined (融合) Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive. It can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas. Today, we remember the Silk Road as one of the greatest examples of cooperation and exchange in history. It shows us how important it is to learn about and respect each other’s traditions, and that different cultures can work together to create amazing things. 26．Who invented silk in ancient China? A．Leizu. B．The kings. C．Zhang Qian. D．The Yellow Emperor. 27．What was spread from China to the West according to paragraph 3? A．Silk and gold. B．Tea and papermaking. C．Spices and silver. D．New ideas of science. 28．What is the right order of the following facts from the passage? ① Zhang Qian traveled west with silk. ②Art and language were shared along the Silk Road. ③ Traders from China and the West exchanged things. ④The Chinese were ordered to keep the secret of making silk. A．①→④→③→② B．①→③→④→② C．④→①→③→② D．④→③→②→① 29．What does the underlined word “distinctive” mean in paragraph 4? A．Special. B．Public. C．Popular. D．Strong. 30．What does the story of the Silk Road mainly tell us? A．The change of world trade. B．The introduction of silk cloth. C．The influence of technology in history. D．The importance of cross-cultural communication. B In a clear tank of water (水箱), fish are swimming happily. Wait a second, take a closer look at that blue one. It is actually a robot! This scene happened at an event, the World Digital Education Conference, from May 14th to 16th in Wuhan, Hubei province. Besides blue ones, there were red and yellow robotic fish, too. It is scientists at Wuhan University who have made them. At the length of about 53 centimeters, the fish were very lifelike. The joints (关节) in their heads and tails were made in a special way to let the fish move fast and easily. This is thanks to bionic engineering (仿生工程), which brings together nature and man-made things. “I love to see the bionic fish,” Professor James Crabbe from Oxford University told Jiupai News, “It could tell us much more about fish swarming and how fish behave (表现).” In fact, swarming in fish means they swim together in large groups. It helps them stay safe, find food and save energy (能量). Learning about swarming helps us understand how fish live and how changes in the environment matter to them. As for the pretty colors of the bionic fish, they come from the LED lights on their bodies, said People’s Daily. These lights can also make shadows, giving the underwater world a party feel. Even better, the bionic fish are smart. With the help of AI and sensors (传感器), they can “see” things in their way and learn to avoid them, said Changjiang Daily. The fish are already helping in the study of the Yangtze River’s water to help protect the environment. What amazing fish they are! 31．Which scene can be seen at the event in Wuhan? A． B． C． D． 32．What makes the bionic fish move fast and easily? A．Different colors. B．Special water tanks. C．Lifelike length. D．Body joints. 33．What can we know about swarming in fish? A．Swarming can keep fish free from any danger. B．Swarming makes it harder for fish to feed themselves. C．Swarming helps scientists learn about the habits of fish. D．Swarming may change the living environment of fish. 34．Which goal may be achieved with bionic fish? A．The quality of the Yangtze River’s water will be improved. B．More bridges over the Yangtze River have been built. C．Bionic fish take the place of fish in the Yangtze River. D．More ships begin to travel along the Yangtze River. 35．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Look! They’re dancing. B．Wait, that’s no fish! C．Stop! Don’t feed them. D．Hey, let’s try fishing! C Solar (太阳能) Backpack Lights Up Villages Two engineers in Kenya invented a solar backpack. It uses sunlight to charge (充电) and can provide light for up to 12 hours. So far, 5,000 students in villages without electricity have received these backpacks. A teacher said, “Children can study in the dark with this light.” The project raised $1 million and planned to reach 20 countries by 2025. Tokyo’s New E-Waste Recycling App A Tokyo company created a mobile app called “E-Cycle”. Users can exchange old electronics (电子设备), such as phones or computers, for coupons (优惠券). In six months, they collected 100 tons of e-waste, including 15,000 phones and 2,000 laptops. The CEO said, “We turn trash into useful materials.” Now, Seoul and Singapore are also using this method. _______________________________________ A farm in California uses smart robots to grow vegetables. These robots have cameras to find pests and wild grass. The pesticide (杀虫剂) use drops by 70% and crop harvests rise a lot. The farm owner said, “They’re like 1,000 eco-friendly workers who never sleep.” Thirty farming companies have given money to this technology to fight food shortages. 36．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news? A．EDUCATION. B．ENVIRONMENT. C．AMUSEMENT. D．CULTURE. 37．What is the main use of the solar backpack? A．To keep sunlight to make light. B．To give gifts to city students. C．To win a design competition. D．To build new schools in Kenya. 38．How does the “E-Cycle” app encourage recycling? A．By fixing up old phones. B．By offering coupons for old electronics. C．By using more workers to collect trash. D．By educating people about recycling. 39．What is the best heading for the third piece of news? A．California’s Food Shortage Dangers B．Cameras on Robots Help Environment C．Robot Farmers Help Grow Vegetables D．New Challenges in Farming 40．What does the above news focus on? A．Technology competitions in modern life. B．Green solutions for real problems. C．Government decisions on weather changes. D．Development plans for a better life. 四、阅读还原（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Scientists Make Edible (可食用的) Electronic Things What would you like for lunch? Maybe, a battery? 41 Robofood, a program led by Dario Floreano from the Swiss Federal Institute, has been the first try. The program plans to create robots that can be eaten and foods that act like robots by mixing food science and robots in a new way. According to the scientists, wings of the drone (无人机) were made from rice cakes glued together by using oil and chocolate. 42 And parts of the drone can also be eaten since they meet food safety standards set up by the United Nations for emergencies (紧急情况). However, the main challenge is finding stronger edible materials for the drone’s wings to prepare for bad weather and high temperatures. 43 Robofood also developed an edible sensor to help examine stomach sickness. 44 Unlike other sensors out there today, it’s designed to be easily digested (消化), lowering the risk of leaving any remains inside the body. 45 The world’s first fully edible batteries can help solve the growing problem of throwing away used batteries. Some parts of the battery are made of vitamin B2 and another natural element that can be found in many fruits including apples. So the new battery can be more friendly to nature. A．It can be eaten by the patient to check the conditions inside. B．The invention of Robofood also helps with environmental protection. C．Plenty of advanced drones are playing important roles in human health. D．As everyone knows, chocolate may melt (融化) easily when the temperature is high. E．Although it sounds unusual, this has already been realized by scientists as they develop electronic things you can eat. F．This drone can find missing people or animals in emergencies and carry important food or medicine to them. 五、短文填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） A.语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读短文，按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 William Campbell, Satoshi Omura and Tu Youyou jointly won the 2015 Nobel Prize for medicine for their work against parasitic diseases. 85-year-old Tu 46 (award) this prize for her contribution to 47 (reduce) the death rate of malaria (疟疾), minimizing patients’ suffering and promoting mankind’s 48 (healthy). This is what science is all about. As a matter of fact, Tu has won some attention when she 49 (get) the Lasker Award in 2011. But there is no way to compare her popularity back 50 the attention she is receiving today. As the first Chinese mainland Nobel Prize Winner of 51 (nature) science award, Tu’s winning 52 (complete) surprised Chinese people, who have long been wondering when the first Chinese Nobel Laureate in natural science would appear. Tu Youyou is the 53 (one) Chinese scientist to win a Nobel Prize for work carried out within China. She has spent 40 years’ time on scientific research. Although the Nobel Prize did not come to her until four decades later, it is one of 54 most privilege rewards that recognize Tu’s devotion in discovering artemisinin (青蒿素). Her record-breaking winning is a reminder that science is never about instant (立即的) 55 (succeed). There is no way to measure how much you spend on scientific research and compare it with how much reward you get. B. 语篇填词（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） Laszlo Biro (1899—1985) was the inventor of the ballpoint pen. He was b 56 in Budapest, Hungary. In the 1930s, when he w 57 as a newspaper editor, he used a fountain pen almost every day. However, he had to refill it all the time. The ink also did not dry easily, and it sometimes made a mess on the paper. Biro wanted a better pen that could a 58 such troubles. His brother, George, helped him develop a special ink. The ink dried easily. Then they made a new t59 of pen. There was a tiny ball at the tip of the pen. The ball rolled ink onto paper as it moved. They called it the “ballpoint” pen. The ballpoint pen was a success. Everyone loved it. Now millions of people use it all over the world every day. People will always remember Biro for his i 60 . Today in many English-speaking countries, people still use the word “biro” to refer to any kind of ballpoint pen. 六、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 61．许多重大事件影响了历史进程，例如，工业革命就是在 18 世纪发生的。 Many great events have influenced the course of history. , the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century. 62．每年都有大量的游客前往花果山。 large tourists go to Huaguo Mountain every year. 63．中国人毫无疑问是最懂茶的内涵的人。 , the Chinese are the ones who best understand the nature of tea. 64．他很懒，习惯依靠父母了。 He is lazy and is used to his parents. 65．如果他们听到了，又会取笑我的。 If they hear it, they me again. 七、书面表达（15分） 66．近年来，中国新四大发明在网络上广受热议。假如你是李华，你们学校围绕中国新四大发明(Four Great New Inventions of China)”主题举办了一场关于“最实用的发明”的投票活动(voting activity)。请你根据以下表格的内容写一篇文章，介绍这次活动及结果；并选择其中一项你最喜欢的发明，分享你的想法。 The Most Practical Invention Inventions Percentage 10% 35% 30% 25% Your favourite invention and reason(s) 注意： 1. 词数：80 词左右； 2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息。 In recent years, the Four Great New Inventions of China have made our life more and more convenient. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What do you think of these inventions? I’d love to hear from you soon. 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年八年级上册英语单元测试 Unit4·提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一、语法选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In a small town, there was a curious boy named Ted. He loved taking things apart and then 1 them back together. He usually succeeded, 2 sometimes he failed. One day, while he was watching his mother cook, he noticed that she had trouble 3 the sauce. He thought there must be another way and decided to invent 4 better. After a 5 afternoon, Ted created a new invention. He took apart a broken wood mixer (搅拌器) and then connected it to a motor (电动机). It was able to stir things by itself 6 it got power from the motor. It was so convenient that anyone 7 stir the sauce easily. The next day, he showed 8 invention to his mother, who was surprised and encouraged him to improve it. Ted kept working and finally added a timer, making it even 9 . The user could leave the tool on the table and not have to worry about the sauce burning. 10 his mom’s support, he introduced it to his classmates. Later, 11 his schoolmates went to see it. Ted’s invention became popular quickly. They used it 12 drinks and sauces, and it was easy to clean. At the School Science Festival, Ted received 13 award for his creativity. Since then, he 14 many inventions which help people live better lives. It’s meaningful to find out what you have an 15 in and keep going. 1．A．put B．puts C．to put D．putting 2．A．or B．so C．and D．but 3．A．to stir B．stirred C．stirs D．stirring 4．A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything 5．A．busy B．busily C．busier D．busiest 6．A．so B．if C．before D．though 7．A．could B．need C．must D．should 8．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 9．A．good B．better C．best D．the best 10．A．With B．About C．Without D．Against 11．A．hundred of B．hundreds of C．a hundred of D．a hundreds of 12．A．mix B．mixed C．mixing D．to mix 13．A．/ B．a C．an D．the 14．A．invent B．invented C．has invented D．have invented 15．A．interest B．interested C．interesting D．interestingly 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文讲述了一个名叫Ted的好奇男孩如何通过他的创造力和坚持不懈，发明了一个方便的搅拌工具，并在学校和科学节上获得了认可的故事。 1．句意：他喜欢把东西拆开，然后把它们重新组装起来。 put放，原形/过去式；puts三单形式；to put不定式；putting动名词/现在分词。此空与“loved”并列谓语，因此需用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选A。 2．句意：他通常成功了，但有时也失败了。 or或者；so所以；and和；but但是。“成功了”与“失败了”是转折关系，需用but连接，故选D。 3．句意：一天，当他看妈妈做饭时，他注意到妈妈搅拌酱汁有困难。 to stir不定式；stirred过去式；stirs三单形式；stirring动名词/现在分词。have trouble (in) doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，需用动名词作宾语，故选D。 4．句意：他想一定还有其他办法，于是决定发明一个更好的。 nothing没有东西；something某物（一般用于肯定句）；anything任何事物（一般用于否定句或疑问句）；everything一切。根据“He thought there must be another way”可知是指决定发明一个更好的东西，此处为肯定句，需用something，故选B。 5．句意：经过一个忙碌的下午，Ted创造了一个新发明。 busy忙碌的，形容词；busily忙碌地，副词；busier更忙碌的，形容词比较级；busiest最忙碌的，形容词最高级。此处需用形容词修饰名词afternoon，故选A。 6．句意：它能自己搅拌东西，如果它从电动机获得动力。 so所以；if如果；before在……之前；though尽管。根据“He took apart a broken wood mixer (搅拌器) and then connected it to a motor (电动机). It was able to stir things by itself…it got power from the motor.”可知是指如果它从电动机获得动力，它能自己搅拌东西。故选B。 7．句意：它非常方便，任何人都能轻易地搅拌酱汁。 could能；need需要；must必须；should应该。根据“It was so convenient that anyone…stir the sauce easily”可知任何人都能轻易地搅拌酱汁。故选A。 8．句意：第二天，他把自己的发明展示给妈妈看，妈妈很惊讶，并鼓励他改进。 he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“he showed…invention to his mother”可知需用形容词性物主代词修饰，表示“他的发明”，故选C。 9．句意：Ted继续工作，最后加了一个定时器，使它变得更好了。 good好的，形容词原形；better更好的，形容词比较级；best最好的，形容词最高级；the best最好的。此处表示与之前的版本相比有所改进，需用比较级better，故选B。 10．句意：在妈妈的支持下，他把它介绍给了同学。 With有；About关于；Without没有；Against反对。with one’s support“在某人的支持上”，故选A。 11．句意：后来，他成百上千的同学们都去看了。 hundred of结构错误；hundreds of成百上千的；a hundred of错误结构；a hundreds of结构错误。此处表示数量很多，需用hundreds of表示“成百上千的”，故选B。 12．句意：他们用它来搅拌饮料和酱汁，而且很容易清洗。 mix搅拌，原形；mixed过去式；mixing动名词/现在分词；to mix不定式。“use sth. to do sth.”表示“使用某物去做某事”，故选D。 13．句意：在学校科学节上，Ted因其创造力而获得了一个奖项。 a一个，用以辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，用以元音音素开头的单词；the表特指。award“奖项”以元音音素开头，可数名词单数，此处需用不定冠词an修饰，故选C。 14．句意：从那时起，他发明了许多帮助人们过上更好生活的发明。 invent发明，原形；invented过去式；has invented现在完成时；have invented现在完成时。结合“Since then”可知此处需用现在完成时，主语是he，需用结构has done。故选C。 15．句意：找出你感兴趣的东西并坚持下去是很有意义的。 interest兴趣，名词；interested感兴趣的，形容词（通常用于人）；interesting有趣的，形容词（通常用于物）；interestingly有趣地，副词。have an interest in“对……感兴趣”，故选A。 二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） Wood-block（木版）printing was invented sometime between the 4th and the 7th century in China. The earliest book that we have 16 in 868 and was discovered in a Dunhuang cave. Wood-block printing took a long time because a new block was needed for every 17 in a book. By the 11th century printed books appeared all over China. They 18 books of Confucius’ thoughts, dictionaries, and books on maths. In 1340, books could be printed using two 19 , black and red. Although the Chinese learnt about printing so 20 , printing was not introduced into other parts of the world for hundreds of years. It is thought that when the great Italian traveler Marco Polo 21 China in the 13th century, he saw printed books. It is possible that Marco Polo brought that 22 to Europe. But printed books did not come to Europe 23 1450 when a German called Johann Gutenberg invented a printing machine. Twenty-four years 24 , in 1474, an Englishman called William Caxton printed the 25 printed book in English. His second book was about the game of chess. Caxton printed about a hundred books, and some can still be seen today in museums. 16．A．was bought B．was printed C．was written D．was returned 17．A．page B．letter C．paper D．line 18．A．marked B．added C．included D．placed 19．A．types B．factories C．tastes D．colours 20．A．new B．early C．young D．slow 21．A．stored B．controlled C．visited D．wrote 22．A．tool B．machine C．book D．technology 23．A．until B．while C．after D．since 24．A．forward B．later C．back D．ago 25．A．same B．exciting C．first D．last 【答案】 16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．B 21．C 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．C 【导语】本文介绍了中国木版印刷术的发明以及传播。 16．句意：我们所拥有的最早的书籍印刷于868年，在敦煌的一个洞穴中被发现。 was bought被买；was printed被印刷；was written被写；was returned被返回。根据“The earliest book that we have ”可知，最早的书籍印刷于868年，故选B。 17．句意：木版印刷花了很长时间，因为书的每一页都需要新的木版。 page页；letter信；paper纸；line线。根据“in a book”可知，在一本书里，应是一页，故选A。 18．句意：其中包括孔子的思想书籍、字典和数学书籍。 marked做记号；added增加；included包括；placed放置。根据“By the 11th century printed books appeared all over China”及“books of Confucius’ thoughts, dictionaries, and books on maths”可知，此处介绍被印制的书里包括的书本类型，故选C。 19．句意：在1340年，书籍可以用两种颜色印刷，黑色和红色。 types类型；factories工厂；tastes 味道；colours颜色。根据“black and red”可知，此处表示颜色，故选D。 20．句意：虽然中国人很早就学会了印刷术，但印刷术几百年来一直没有传入世界其他地方。 new新的；early早的；young年轻的；slow缓慢的。根据“Wood-block（木版）printing was invented sometime between the 4th and the 7th century in China”可知，此处表示很早中国人就学会了木版印刷术，故选B。 21．句意：据说伟大的意大利旅行家马可·波罗在13世纪访问中国时看到了印刷书籍。 stored 储存；controlled控制；visited参观；wrote写。根据“Marco Polo … China”及“he saw printed books”可知，他参观中国时看到了印刷书籍，故选C。 22．句意：马可·波罗有可能把这种技术带到了欧洲。 tool工具；machine机器；book书本；technology技术。根据前文，此处指的印刷这种技术，故选D。 23．句意：但是印刷书籍直到1450年才来到欧洲，当时德国人Johann Gutenberg发明了一种印刷机。 until直到；while当……时；after在……之后；since自从。not…until…“直到……才……”，固定搭配，故选A。 24．句意：24年后的1474年，一位名叫William Caxton的英国人出版了第一本英文印刷书籍。 forward向前；later以后；back向后；ago以前。根据“But printed books did not come to Europe…1450 ”可知印刷书籍直到1450年才来到欧洲，根据“in 1474, an Englishman called William Caxton printed the…printed book in English”可知1474年，一位名叫威廉·卡克斯顿的英国人出版了第一本英文印刷书籍，因此是在24年以后，故选B。 25．句意：24年后的1474年，一位名叫William Caxton的英国人出版了第一本英文印刷书籍。 same同样的；exciting令人兴奋的；first第一；last最后的，根据后文的“His second book was about the game of chess”可知，此处是指第一本书，故选C。 三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） A Long ago, in ancient China, there was a story about the invention of silk. People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor. Leizu learned how to make cocoons (蚕茧) into soft and strong cloth. This magical cloth became known as “silk”, and it was so valuable that it was called “China’s Gold”. Following kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries. But then, something amazing happened! During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian traveled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there. As years passed by, silk became so important that the trade road from Europe to China got its name—the Silk Road. The Silk Road became a busy highway for traders who carried things across deserts and mountains. From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices (香料), gold and silver from the West. At the very beginning, it was mainly about trade; then people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures. For example, Chinese inventions like papermaking were spread to the West, while new ideas about math and science came to China. Most importantly, the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other. Art, music and even language were shared along this ancient road. In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes (敦煌石窟) in China, you can see how art pieces combined (融合) Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive. It can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas. Today, we remember the Silk Road as one of the greatest examples of cooperation and exchange in history. It shows us how important it is to learn about and respect each other’s traditions, and that different cultures can work together to create amazing things. 26．Who invented silk in ancient China? A．Leizu. B．The kings. C．Zhang Qian. D．The Yellow Emperor. 27．What was spread from China to the West according to paragraph 3? A．Silk and gold. B．Tea and papermaking. C．Spices and silver. D．New ideas of science. 28．What is the right order of the following facts from the passage? ① Zhang Qian traveled west with silk. ②Art and language were shared along the Silk Road. ③ Traders from China and the West exchanged things. ④The Chinese were ordered to keep the secret of making silk. A．①→④→③→② B．①→③→④→② C．④→①→③→② D．④→③→②→① 29．What does the underlined word “distinctive” mean in paragraph 4? A．Special. B．Public. C．Popular. D．Strong. 30．What does the story of the Silk Road mainly tell us? A．The change of world trade. B．The introduction of silk cloth. C．The influence of technology in history. D．The importance of cross-cultural communication. 【答案】26．A 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D 【导语】本文介绍了丝绸之路的由来以及跨文化交流的重要性。 26．细节理解题。根据“People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor. ”可知丝绸是嫘祖‌发明的。故选A。 27．细节理解题。根据“From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices, gold and silver from the West. ”和“For example, Chinese inventions like papermaking were spread to the West,”可知丝绸、茶叶和造纸从中国运到西方。故选B。 28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Following kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries.”可知丝绸制作方法一直是保密的，即④，直到后来“During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian traveled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there.”张骞把丝绸带去西方，即①，然后开始有丝绸之路。故选C。 29．词句猜测题。根据“you can see how art pieces combined Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive.”可知中西方文化融合会出来特殊的东西。故选A。 30．推理判断题。根据“The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas.”可知丝绸之路的故事告诉我们以前的人们会通过贸易和分享成为朋友，因此介绍了跨文化交流的重要性。故选D。 B In a clear tank of water (水箱), fish are swimming happily. Wait a second, take a closer look at that blue one. It is actually a robot! This scene happened at an event, the World Digital Education Conference, from May 14th to 16th in Wuhan, Hubei province. Besides blue ones, there were red and yellow robotic fish, too. It is scientists at Wuhan University who have made them. At the length of about 53 centimeters, the fish were very lifelike. The joints (关节) in their heads and tails were made in a special way to let the fish move fast and easily. This is thanks to bionic engineering (仿生工程), which brings together nature and man-made things. “I love to see the bionic fish,” Professor James Crabbe from Oxford University told Jiupai News, “It could tell us much more about fish swarming and how fish behave (表现).” In fact, swarming in fish means they swim together in large groups. It helps them stay safe, find food and save energy (能量). Learning about swarming helps us understand how fish live and how changes in the environment matter to them. As for the pretty colors of the bionic fish, they come from the LED lights on their bodies, said People’s Daily. These lights can also make shadows, giving the underwater world a party feel. Even better, the bionic fish are smart. With the help of AI and sensors (传感器), they can “see” things in their way and learn to avoid them, said Changjiang Daily. The fish are already helping in the study of the Yangtze River’s water to help protect the environment. What amazing fish they are! 31．Which scene can be seen at the event in Wuhan? A． B． C． D． 32．What makes the bionic fish move fast and easily? A．Different colors. B．Special water tanks. C．Lifelike length. D．Body joints. 33．What can we know about swarming in fish? A．Swarming can keep fish free from any danger. B．Swarming makes it harder for fish to feed themselves. C．Swarming helps scientists learn about the habits of fish. D．Swarming may change the living environment of fish. 34．Which goal may be achieved with bionic fish? A．The quality of the Yangtze River’s water will be improved. B．More bridges over the Yangtze River have been built. C．Bionic fish take the place of fish in the Yangtze River. D．More ships begin to travel along the Yangtze River. 35．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Look! They’re dancing. B．Wait, that’s no fish! C．Stop! Don’t feed them. D．Hey, let’s try fishing! 【答案】31．B 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．B 【导语】本文介绍了在湖北武汉举办的世界数字教育大会上展示的仿生机器鱼，它们借助AI和传感器能“感知”并避开障碍物，不仅有助于研究鱼类的集群行为和生活习性，还已应用于长江水质研究，助力环境保护。 31．细节理解题。根据“In a clear tank of water, fish are swimming happily. Wait a second, take a closer look at that blue one. It is actually a robot! This scene happened at an event... in Wuhan”可知，展会上能看到机器鱼在水箱里游动的场景。故选B。 32．细节理解题。根据“The joints in their heads and tails were made in a special way to let the fish move fast and easily.”可知，头部和尾部的特殊关节让机器鱼能快速灵活地移动。故选D。 33．细节理解题。根据“swarming in fish means they swim together in large groups... Learning about swarming helps us understand how fish live”可知，研究集群行为能帮助科学家了解鱼类的生活习性。故选C。 34．推理判断题。根据“The fish are already helping in the study of the Yangtze River’s water to help protect the environment.”可知，仿生鱼助力长江水质研究和环境保护，可能带来长江水质的改善。故选A。 35．最佳标题题。文章开头通过“看似是鱼，实则是机器人”的悬念引入，核心是介绍“仿生机器鱼” 。故选B。 C Solar (太阳能) Backpack Lights Up Villages Two engineers in Kenya invented a solar backpack. It uses sunlight to charge (充电) and can provide light for up to 12 hours. So far, 5,000 students in villages without electricity have received these backpacks. A teacher said, “Children can study in the dark with this light.” The project raised $1 million and planned to reach 20 countries by 2025. Tokyo’s New E-Waste Recycling App A Tokyo company created a mobile app called “E-Cycle”. Users can exchange old electronics (电子设备), such as phones or computers, for coupons (优惠券). In six months, they collected 100 tons of e-waste, including 15,000 phones and 2,000 laptops. The CEO said, “We turn trash into useful materials.” Now, Seoul and Singapore are also using this method. _______________________________________ A farm in California uses smart robots to grow vegetables. These robots have cameras to find pests and wild grass. The pesticide (杀虫剂) use drops by 70% and crop harvests rise a lot. The farm owner said, “They’re like 1,000 eco-friendly workers who never sleep.” Thirty farming companies have given money to this technology to fight food shortages. 36．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news? A．EDUCATION. B．ENVIRONMENT. C．AMUSEMENT. D．CULTURE. 37．What is the main use of the solar backpack? A．To keep sunlight to make light. B．To give gifts to city students. C．To win a design competition. D．To build new schools in Kenya. 38．How does the “E-Cycle” app encourage recycling? A．By fixing up old phones. B．By offering coupons for old electronics. C．By using more workers to collect trash. D．By educating people about recycling. 39．What is the best heading for the third piece of news? A．California’s Food Shortage Dangers B．Cameras on Robots Help Environment C．Robot Farmers Help Grow Vegetables D．New Challenges in Farming 40．What does the above news focus on? A．Technology competitions in modern life. B．Green solutions for real problems. C．Government decisions on weather changes. D．Development plans for a better life. 【答案】36．B 37．A 38．B 39．C 40．B 【导语】本文主要介绍的是太阳能背包、电子垃圾应用程序和智能机器人。 36．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章内容都与环保、资源回收、节能等“环境”话题相关，故选B。 37．细节理解题。根据“It uses sunlight to charge (充电) and can provide light for up to 12 hours.”可知，这个背包的主要用途是利用阳光进行充电，以提供照明，故选A。 38．细节理解题。根据“Users can exchange old electronics (电子设备), such as phones or computers, for coupons (优惠券).”可知，该应用通过用旧电子产品兑换优惠券来鼓励回收，故选B。 39．最佳标题题。根据“A farm in California uses smart robots to grow vegetables. These robots have cameras to find pests and wild grass. The pesticide (杀虫剂) use drops by 70% and crop harvests rise a lot.”可知，第三则新闻重点介绍在加州的农场使用机器人种植蔬菜，减少杀虫剂用量并提高产量，因此最佳标题是C项。故选C。 40．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，三则新闻都关注环保和可持续发展，即用绿色技术解决实际问题，故选B。 四、阅读还原（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Scientists Make Edible (可食用的) Electronic Things What would you like for lunch? Maybe, a battery? 41 Robofood, a program led by Dario Floreano from the Swiss Federal Institute, has been the first try. The program plans to create robots that can be eaten and foods that act like robots by mixing food science and robots in a new way. According to the scientists, wings of the drone (无人机) were made from rice cakes glued together by using oil and chocolate. 42 And parts of the drone can also be eaten since they meet food safety standards set up by the United Nations for emergencies (紧急情况). However, the main challenge is finding stronger edible materials for the drone’s wings to prepare for bad weather and high temperatures. 43 Robofood also developed an edible sensor to help examine stomach sickness. 44 Unlike other sensors out there today, it’s designed to be easily digested (消化), lowering the risk of leaving any remains inside the body. 45 The world’s first fully edible batteries can help solve the growing problem of throwing away used batteries. Some parts of the battery are made of vitamin B2 and another natural element that can be found in many fruits including apples. So the new battery can be more friendly to nature. A．It can be eaten by the patient to check the conditions inside. B．The invention of Robofood also helps with environmental protection. C．Plenty of advanced drones are playing important roles in human health. D．As everyone knows, chocolate may melt (融化) easily when the temperature is high. E．Although it sounds unusual, this has already been realized by scientists as they develop electronic things you can eat. F．This drone can find missing people or animals in emergencies and carry important food or medicine to them. 【答案】41．E 42．F 43．D 44．A 45．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家研发可食用电子产品的创新项目Robofood，包括可食用无人机部件、传感器和电池，并说明其对医疗救援和环保的意义。 41．根据上文“What would you like for lunch? Maybe, a battery?”以及下文“Robofood, a program led by Dario Floreano from the Swiss Federal Institute, has been the first try.”可知，此处承上启下，引出可食用电子产品这一创新概念，选项E“虽然这听起来很不寻常，但科学家们在开发可以吃的电子产品时已经意识到了这一点。”符合语境。故选E。 42．根据上文“According to the scientists, wings of the drone (无人机) were made from rice cakes glued together by using oil and chocolate.”以及下文“And parts of the drone can also be eaten since they meet food safety standards set up by the United Nations for emergencies (紧急情况).”可知，此处与无人机有关，选项F“这种无人机可以在紧急情况下找到失踪的人或动物，并为他们运送重要的食物或药品。”符合语境。故选F。 43．根据上文“However, the main challenge is finding stronger edible materials for the drone’s wings to prepare for bad weather and high temperatures.”可知，此处需解释材料缺陷，选项D“众所周知，巧克力在高温下很容易融化。”符合语境。故选D。 44．根据上文“Robofood also developed an edible sensor to help examine stomach sickness.”以及下文“Unlike other sensors out there today, it’s designed to be easily digested (消化), lowering the risk of leaving any remains inside the body.”可知，此处需说明传感器使用方式，选项A“病人可以吃它来检查体内的情况。”符合语境。故选A。 45．根据下文“The world’s first fully edible batteries can help solve the growing problem of throwing away used batteries…So the new battery can be more friendly to nature.”可知，此处需总结环保意义，选项B“Robofood的发明也有助于环境保护。”符合语境。故选B。 五、短文填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） A.语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读短文，按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 William Campbell, Satoshi Omura and Tu Youyou jointly won the 2015 Nobel Prize for medicine for their work against parasitic diseases. 85-year-old Tu 46 (award) this prize for her contribution to 47 (reduce) the death rate of malaria (疟疾), minimizing patients’ suffering and promoting mankind’s 48 (healthy). This is what science is all about. As a matter of fact, Tu has won some attention when she 49 (get) the Lasker Award in 2011. But there is no way to compare her popularity back 50 the attention she is receiving today. As the first Chinese mainland Nobel Prize Winner of 51 (nature) science award, Tu’s winning 52 (complete) surprised Chinese people, who have long been wondering when the first Chinese Nobel Laureate in natural science would appear. Tu Youyou is the 53 (one) Chinese scientist to win a Nobel Prize for work carried out within China. She has spent 40 years’ time on scientific research. Although the Nobel Prize did not come to her until four decades later, it is one of 54 most privilege rewards that recognize Tu’s devotion in discovering artemisinin (青蒿素). Her record-breaking winning is a reminder that science is never about instant (立即的) 55 (succeed). There is no way to measure how much you spend on scientific research and compare it with how much reward you get. 【答案】 46．was awarded 47．reducing 48．health 49．got 50．with 51．natural 52．completely 53．first 54．the 55．success 【导语】本文介绍了中国药学家屠呦呦与另外两名科学家同获2015年诺贝尔医学奖，并主要描述了屠呦呦获奖的相关情况。 46．句意：85岁的屠女士因其在降低疟疾死亡率、减少患者痛苦和促进人类健康方面的贡献而获此殊荣。“85-year-old Tu”与“award”是被动关系，且发生在过去，应该用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was awarded。 47．句意：85岁的屠女士因其在降低疟疾死亡率、减少患者痛苦和促进人类健康方面的贡献而获此殊荣。根据“for her contribution to”可知，此处的to是介词，其后用动名词，故填reducing。 48．句意：85岁的屠女士因其在降低疟疾死亡率、减少患者痛苦和促进人类健康方面的贡献而获此殊荣。根据“promoting mankind’s”可知，名词所有格后应该用名词，health“健康”，名词。故填health。 49．句意：事实上，屠呦呦在2011年获得拉斯克奖时已经赢得了一些关注。根据“in 2011”可知，此句应该用一般过去时。get的过去式为got。故填got。 50．句意：但没有办法将她的受欢迎程度与她今天受到的关注程度相比较。根据“But there is no way to compare her popularity back ... the attention she is receiving today.”可知，此处是在两者之间作比较，compare ... with ...“……和……作比较”。故填with。 51．句意：作为第一位中国大陆的诺贝尔自然科学奖得主，屠呦呦的获奖让中国人大吃一惊，他们一直在想第一位中国自然科学诺贝尔奖得主何时出现。根据“... science award”可知，此处应该用形容词作定语，natural“自然的”，natural science“自然科学”。故填natural。 52．句意：作为第一位中国大陆的诺贝尔自然科学奖得主，屠呦呦的获奖让中国人大吃一惊，他们一直在想第一位中国自然科学诺贝尔奖得主何时出现。根据“... surprised Chinese people”可知，此处应该用副词修饰动词surprised。故填completely。 53．句意：屠呦呦是首位因在中国境内的研究而获得诺贝尔奖的中国科学家。根据“is the ... Chinese scientist”可知，此处应该用序数词，one的序数词为first。故填first。 54．句意：尽管直到四十年后，诺贝尔奖才颁给她，但这是表彰屠呦呦在发现青蒿素方面的贡献的最特殊的奖励之一。根据“it is one of ... most privilege rewards”可知，one of + 最高级形容词+ 名词复数，最高级前应该用冠词the。故填the。 55．句意：她打破纪录的获奖提醒我们，科学从来都不是立竿见影的。根据“instant (立即的) ...”可知，此处应该用名词，succeed的名词为success。故填success。 B. 语篇填词（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） Laszlo Biro (1899—1985) was the inventor of the ballpoint pen. He was b 56 in Budapest, Hungary. In the 1930s, when he w 57 as a newspaper editor, he used a fountain pen almost every day. However, he had to refill it all the time. The ink also did not dry easily, and it sometimes made a mess on the paper. Biro wanted a better pen that could a 58 such troubles. His brother, George, helped him develop a special ink. The ink dried easily. Then they made a new t 59 of pen. There was a tiny ball at the tip of the pen. The ball rolled ink onto paper as it moved. They called it the “ballpoint” pen. The ballpoint pen was a success. Everyone loved it. Now millions of people use it all over the world every day. People will always remember Biro for his i 60 . Today in many English-speaking countries, people still use the word “biro” to refer to any kind of ballpoint pen. 【答案】56．(b)orn 57．(w)orked 58．(a)void 59．(t)ype 60．(i)nvention 【导语】本文讲述了拉迪斯洛·比罗发明圆珠笔的事情。 56．句意：他出生于匈牙利布达佩斯。根据“He was...in Budapest, Hungary”及首字母提示可知，此处是指“他出生于……”，be born in“出生于”，故填(b)orn。 57．句意：20世纪30年代，当他还是一名报纸编辑时，他几乎每天都要使用钢笔。根据“as a newspaper editor”及说字母提示可知，此处是work as“以……身份而工作”，陈述过去的事情，动词用过去式，故填(w)orked。 58．句意：比罗想要一支更好的笔，能够避免这些麻烦。根据前文提到钢笔需要频繁换墨水、墨水不易干且会弄脏纸张，以及首字母提示可知，此处是 “避免” 这些麻烦，avoid “避免”，情态动词 could 后接动词原形，故填 (a) void。 59．句意：然后他们制造了一种新型的笔。根据 “a new...of pen” 及下文对这种笔的描述，结合首字母提示可知，此处是 “一种新型的笔”，type “类型”，a new type of “一种新型的”，故填 (t) ype。 60．句意：人们将永远记住比罗的发明。根据 “Laszlo Biro (1899—1985) was the inventor of the ballpoint pen” 及首字母提示可知，人们会记住他的发明，此处用名词 invention “发明”，结合上文可知，文章讲到的是一种发明，名词用单数形式，故填 (i) nvention。 六、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 61．许多重大事件影响了历史进程，例如，工业革命就是在 18 世纪发生的。 Many great events have influenced the course of history. , the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century. 【答案】for instance；took place 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，第一个空缺少 “例如” 的英文内容，短语 “for instance” 意为 “例如”，用于举例说明，符合语境；第二个空缺少 “发生” 的英文内容，短语 “take place” 意为 “发生、举行”，结合句中 “in the 18th century”（18 世纪）可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，“take” 的过去式为 “took”。故填 for instance；took place。 62．每年都有大量的游客前往花果山。 large tourists go to Huaguo Mountain every year. 【答案】 A number of 【详解】a large number of“大量的”修饰可数名词复数，句首首字母大写。故填A；number；of。 63．中国人毫无疑问是最懂茶的内涵的人。 , the Chinese are the ones who best understand the nature of tea. 【答案】 Without doubt 【详解】“毫无疑问”without doubt，介词短语作状语，故填Without；doubt。 64．他很懒，习惯依靠父母了。 He is lazy and is used to his parents. 【答案】 depending on 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少“依靠”的英文内容，短语“depend on”意为“依靠、依赖”，“习惯于做某事”英文表达为“be used to doing sth.”，此处使用“depend”的“动名词形式”即“depending”。故填depending；on。 65．如果他们听到了，又会取笑我的。 If they hear it, they me again. 【答案】 will make fun of 【详解】make fun of sb“取笑某人”；if引导条件状语从句，时态上遵循“主将从现”原则，主句则用一般将来时will do的结构，故填will；make；fun；of。 七、书面表达（15分） 66．近年来，中国新四大发明在网络上广受热议。假如你是李华，你们学校围绕中国新四大发明(Four Great New Inventions of China)”主题举办了一场关于“最实用的发明”的投票活动(voting activity)。请你根据以下表格的内容写一篇文章，介绍这次活动及结果；并选择其中一项你最喜欢的发明，分享你的想法。 The Most Practical Invention Inventions Percentage 10% 35% 30% 25% Your favourite invention and reason(s) 注意： 1. 词数：80 词左右； 2. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息。 In recent years, the Four Great New Inventions of China have made our life more and more convenient. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What do you think of these inventions? I’d love to hear from you soon. 【答案】例文 In recent years, the Four Great New Inventions of China have made our life more and more convenient. Recently, our teacher asked students about the most practical invention. According to the result, online payment is the most popular. 35% of the students think it’s the most helpful in our daily life. We don’t have to carry cash and it makes shopping easier and safer. Among them, I like shared bikes best. They provide us with a new way of travelling. After riding a shared bike, I always feel energetic and healthy. With the development of China, more and more new inventions will come into our life. What do you think of these inventions? I’d love to hear from you soon. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：主要时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中的每一项提示，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，说明写作目的是介绍新四大发明，并简要介绍这次活动及结果； 第二步，重点介绍共享车发明的基本情况及其优点； 第三步，分享自己的想法。 [亮点词汇] ①according to依照 ②provide提供 ③more and more越来越多的 [高分句型] ①35% of the students think it’s the most helpful in our daily life. (宾语从句) ②With the development of China, more and more new inventions will come into our life. (介词短语表伴随) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$