上海市育才中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期中英语试卷

2025学年第一学期高二英语期中诊断试卷 2025.11 (本试卷满分115分考试时间105分钟) I.Grammar (22%) Section A(12%) Directions:Read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer. 1.The final report on the accident until the investigation is fully completed. A.isn't released B.hasn't released C.won't be released D.doesn'trelease 2.The loud noise from the construction site made it impossible A.concentrate B.concentrating C.to concentrate D.concentrated 3. in the cabin is particularly risky for diseases that spread by air,such as covid-19. A.Locked B.Being locked C.Locking D.Having locked 4.The number of prisoners serving life sentences in the region over the last decade. A.are falling B.have fallen C.has fallen D.is falling 5.There are many traditional tribes in Asia,of which the Kayan tribe may be the only one women have their necks stretched to incredible lengths using brass coils. A.that B.which C.where D.whose 6.She had to give the doorman a tip he would help her with the suitcases;otherwise, she could turn to nobody except herself on such a hot day. A.before B.unless C.if D.until 7.Chinese parents prove to be the most loving parents in the world,trying every effort to satisfy desire their kids cherish. .A.no matter what B.however C.whatever D.whichever 8.When we start gazing into the night sky with a telescope,soon we'll be astonished by the realization we and our world are part of this giant system. A.that B.why C.as D.whether 9.At the end of the play,Derikson received a letter from ar old acquaintancc, he had thought dead,begging forgiveness. A.that B.which C.whom D.where 10.Most businesses pay great attention to customers'shopping experience as they want to maintain the value of a good reputation. A.intangible B intellectual C.intelligible D.interchangeable 11.The judge noted that minors,senior citizens,and full-time mothers were the three types of people most likely to victim to such crimes,adding that more attention should be paid to educating people in these three categories. A.be B.fall C.suffer D.turn 扫描全能王创建 12.The shopping mall has collaborated with Shanghai Roots and Shoots to launch waste workshops,themed markets,and color therapy workshops for special needs children.Part of the market proceeds were donated to special needs education institutions. A.transformation B.trans山on C.translation D.transmission Section B (10%) Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word:for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. Regret gets a bad press.It is a painful emotion experienced upon realizing that a different decision would have led to a (13)_(good outcome.And it is something (14) we strive to avoid.In sharp contrast,our recent research on children's decision making emphasizes that the ability to experience regret is a developmental achievement(15)(associate)with learning to make better choices. How does one go about studying regret in children,given that they (16)not have the term "regret"in their vocabularies?Developmental psychologists ask children to make simple choices between two options.The ability to experience regret can be tested for by asking children to express how they feel about the outcome of their decision on a child-friendly rating scale before and then after they see(17)they could haye won instead.Feeling worse in the light of information about the prize they would have woh if they had decided differently (18) (interpret)as evidence ofregret. Studes using this method show that regret doesn't emerge (19)about six years of age and most samples of six-year-olds will contain children who are able to experience regret and children who are not.This means that we can examine the consequcnces of experiencing regret for decision making in a sample of these children.Ifregret is involved with learning how to make better decisions, then we should see more adaptive decision making in children who experience regret than in (20) .who do not.Adaptive decision making requires decisions that are sensible in the light of the child's earlier experience. (21) (test)this hypothesis,we ran a two-day procedure.On the first day,children completed the regret task described above.On the second day,we presented children with exactly the same decision that they made the day before.We found that those who experienced regret over their decision the previous day were significantly more likely to make a different choice on day two. This suggests that the role of regret is to help children spontaneously remember bad choices(22) they can be avoided in the future. Ⅱ.Vocabulary(10%) Directions:Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.adopter B.alarm C.annoying D.controlling E.oconomically F.feature G.frequently H.normal 1.savings J.shifted K.spotted Is the Smart Home a Smart Choice? 2 扫描全能王创建 Depending on your perspective,my Brooklyn apartment is either a technological marvel or a confusing maze of digital assistants and unnecessary remote-control integration.For me,adjusting the living room temperature is as simple as saying,"Hey Siri,set living room to 72 F."To my wife,however,it is a(n)process involving apps and Wi-Fi. I spent around $2,000 on this home technology,24 everything via a single app or my voice.As I don't live alone,I've also installed conventional wall switches and a universal remote for the TV.This allows family visitors to operate things in the "5"way:dialing a desired temperature on the thermostat(恒温器)，flicking the lights on,and pressing the“on”button to watch news. Commercials promise a future of effortless control and entertainment at our fingertips or voice command.Yet,after four years in a smart home,my initial feeling of empowerment has 26 into dependence,mixed with anxiety. My smart thermostat promised2.by adjusting temperatures only when necessary. However,I have observed no change in my electrical bills since its installation.It even alters temperatures randomly based on a learning algorithm that can't make sense. Then there are the alarming security camera alerts.One night,while I was working late,my phone buzzed with an alert:"Person in the living room."I crazily checked the camera with its night vision on,but it revealed nothing;it was a false ?0 Furthermore,while my smoke alarms can activate lights and call emergency services during a fire,their most practical function for me is the ability to turn them off.This is essential,as I enjoy frying food in cast iron,an activity that 30 triggers the alarm -a common experience for any New Yorker cooking a steak. As an early 31 eager to command devices by voice,I've realized that connecting every device to the Internet can be frightening.Despite the frustrations and the seeming irreversibility of this trend,a crucial comfort remains:most of these devices still keep their most important 32.-a simple on and off switch. IV.Reading Comprehension(53%) Section A 15% Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A.B. C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Why Do AI Chatbots Use So Much Energy? In recent years,artificial intelligence(AD chatbots like ChatGPT have exploded in popularity, along which comes a massive amount of energy.Across the world,data centers 33 around 1.5% of global energy consumption.These numbers are 34 to skyrocket,at least doubling by 2030 as the demand for AI grows. But what makes AI chatbots so energy 35 The answer lies in the massive scale of Al chatbots.In particular,there are two parts of AI that use the most energy:training and 36,said Mosharaf Chowdhury,a computer scientist at the University of Michigan. To train AI chatbots,large language models(LLMs)are given 37 datasets so the AI can leam,recognize patterns and make predictions.In general,there is a "bigger is better belief"with AI training,de Vries-Gao said,where bigger models that 38 more data are thought to make better predictions. 3 扫描全能王创建 可只 Training an LLM usually requires multiple servers,each of which has an average of eight GPUs, which then run for weeks or months.Altogether,this 39 mountains of energy:It's estimated that training OpenAI's GPT-4 used 50 gigawatt-hours of energy,40 powering San Francisco for three days. Inference also consumes a lot of energy.This is where an AI chatbot draws a conclusion from what it has learned and generates an output from a request.Although it takes 41 fewer computational resources to run an LLM after it's trained,inference still requires-massive energy because of the sheer huge number of requests made to AI chatbots. Researchers like Chowdhury and de Vries-Gao are now working to better 42 these energy demands to understand how to reduce them.43,Chowdhury keeps a Machine Learning Energy Rank List that tracks the inference energy consumption of open-source models.. However,the specific energy demands of the other generative Al platforms are mostly unknown; big companies like Google usually keep these numbers 44.This makes it difficult to 45 how much energy AI really uses,what the energy demand will be in the coming years, and whether the world can keep up. People who use these chatbots,however,can push for better transparency ()This can not only help users make more energy-responsible choices with their own Al use but also help policymakers hold Al companies 46. "One very fundamental problem with digital applications is that the impact is never transparent,"de Vries-Gao said."The ball is with policymakers to encourage 47 so that the users can start doing something." 33.A.result from B.object to C.deal with D.account for 34.A.expected B.scheduled C.convinced D.promised 35.A.effective B.sensitive e decisive D.intensive 36.A.calculation B.application C.inference D.generation 37.A.special B.enormous C.particular D.various 38.A.take on B.take in C.take after D.take off 39、A.consumes B.produces C.recycles D.originates 40.A.contrary to B.related to C.accustomed to D.equal to 41.A.unexpectedly B.occasionally C.constantly D.considerably 42.A.capitalize B.defend C.quantify .D.search 43.A.For example B.In fact C.After all D.In addition 44.A.silent B.private C safe D.independent 45.A.balance B.determine. C.reduce D.report 46.A reliable B.unbelievable C.responsible D.capable 47.A.disclosure B.cooperation. C.punishment D.identification. Section B 38% 扫描全能王创建 Directions:Read the following two passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C.and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Moby-Dick was,for me,one of those books classified of "things you should have read a long time ago".And as I am a mathematician,despite my interest in literature,my intellectual priorities did not include a 400-page novel about whales.That all changed one day when I overheard a mathematician friend mention that Moby-Dick contains a reference to cycloids() Cycloids are among the most beautiful mathematical curves in existence-the French mathematician Blaise Pascal found them so distractingly fascinating that he claimed merely thinking about them could relieve the pain of a bad toothache-but applications to whaling are not usually listed on their resume. Curious,I finally read Moby-Dick,and was delighted to find that it is full of mathematical metaphors.I realized further it's not just Herman Melville;Leo Tolstoy writes about calculus( 积分)，James Joyce about geometry. Regretfully,the connections between mathematics and literature have not received the attention they deserve.In fact,they are often considered to be against each other.I recall that at the end of my very last English class at school,in 1991,the teacher gave me a lovely handwritten note with a long list of books she thought I might like,saying,"Sorry to lose you to the lab." The idea that one would have to choose between mathematics and literature is,I think, something of a tragedy -not only because the two fields are fundamentally linked,but also because understanding these links can enhance your enjoyment of both. The perceived boundary between math and literature is actually a very recent idea.For most of recorded history,mathematics was part of every educated person's cultural awareness. The 11th-century Persian scholar Omar Khayyam,to whom the poetry collection known as the Rubaiyat is credited,was also a mathematician,and created beautiful geometric solutions to mathematical problems.In the 14th century,Chaucer wrote both The Canterbury Tales and a paper on the astrolabe(星盘，用于测量天体的距离).There are innumerable such examples,not least that of Lewis Carroll,who,of course,was a mathematician first and an author second. There is a deeper reason we find mathematics at the heart of literature.The universe is full of underlying structure,pattem and regularity,and mathematics is the best tool we have for understanding it.That's why mathematics is often called the language of the universe,and why it is so vital to science.Since we humans are part of the universe,it is only natural that our forms of creative expression,literature among them,will also reveal a tendency for pattern and structure. 48.What inspired the author to read Moby-Dick? A.The topic of the book. B.His friend's recommendation.- C.His long-time interest in literature D:There being some maths in the book. 49.The author's English teacher's words are mentioned in paragraph 4 in order to A.form a sharp contrast with the attainment he later made B.imply that mathematics and literature haven't received proper attention 5 扫描全能王创建 可只 C.protest against the unfair treatment he once received while young D.show that maths and literature are regarded as disunctive sbjects 50.What do Omar Khayyam,Chaucer and Lewis Carroll have in common? A.All of them were famous novelists. B.All of them were in favour of reading widely. C.All of them were masters in both maths and literature. D.All of them were aware of the boundary between maths and literature. 51.Which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree with? A Taking on maths and giving up literature was not a wise choice for him. B.Both matbs and literature are part of the pursuit to understand the universe. C.There is enough research on the connections between maths and literature. D.Mathematicians may find it hard to understand ideas embedded in literature. (B) The Enduring Hope of Jane Goodall During World War II,young Jane Goodall was often woken by air-raid sirens.While her sister rushed to the bomb shelter,Janc refused to leave her bed."They had to take me down with all my bedclothes,"she recalls.. Eight decades later,in the same house,she displayed the same stubbornness.As a camera crew were bustling about searching for furniture,Goodall stood still.Speaking softly yet with strong belief,she suggested her bedroom instead.Then she led the group upstairs,successful. Goodall's quiet determination enabled her to patiently wait for others to come around.In 1960,the 26-year-old sat for months in Tanzanian forests,waiting for chimpanzees to accept her presence.Her patience provided the opportunity to observe them closely,leading to her remarkable discovery of tool use among chimps.This finding transformed our understanding of human-animal relationships,earning her global fame.While pursuing her Ph.D.at Cambridge in 1962,professors criticized her for using human names and emotions to describe chimps.Rather than confront them, she recalls,"Ijust quietly went on doing what I knew was right."Though she later adopted more scientific language,her belief in chimps as intelligent social animals is now widely accepted and has paved the way for tighter restrictions on lab testing of chimpanzees. After Goodall shifted from research to advocacy in the 1980s,her steady,non-confrontational approach allowed her to become one of the most productive environmentalists in modern history. She made the best use of her own life story-drawing on the powerful image of a lone woman living among the animals-to get people excited about environmentalism in an era when it was a marginal activity.Through the Jane Goodall Institute(JGD),which she founded in 1977,she raised funds for habitat conservation projects,poverty-alleviation programs,and animal shelters And as she travelled around the world,she added countless new stories to her collection:on history,animal behavior,human originality and more.These,rather than protests,became her campaign tools."If I'm trying to change somebody who disagrees with me-I choose not to be holier-than-hou(自命清高的)，”she says.”You've got to reach the heart.And I do that through storytelling." 52.Paragraphs 1 2 are intended to show Jane Goodall A.was very clever since she was a little girl B.remained calm even under wartime conditions., 架 扫描全能王创建 可表只 C.was very determined to do what she thought was right D.respected other people and didn't bother to change their mind 53.According to the article,which of the following statementsis true-about Goodall? A.Her patience with observing chimps helped her make great discoveries. B.The way that Goodall studied wild chimps was encouraged by her professors. C.She helped make chimpanzees more available in lab testing D.She founded the Jane Goodall Institute to raise money for Tanzania. 54.The underlined word "confront"in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to" A.ignore B.satisfy C.believe in D).argue with 55.After Goodall shifted from research to activism,she would try to_ if she wanted to change someone's mind. A.tell amazing stories B.set them a good example C.share her feelings with them D.teach them to think for themselves MC Markham College Center for Continuing Education Bollywood Workout Basic First Aid 10 weeks Fridays,.19.00-2l.00-88220 8 weeks Tuesdays,19.30-21.30 8175 Lessons focus on the classic moves of the We offer hands-on learning of this important life entertaining and beautiful dance forms seen in Bollywood films,all accompanied by lively skill so you'll be able to act confidently in various emergency situations requiring first aid.You'll traditional music.The classes offer a great also learn about common medical conditions, full-body workout for those who want to stay in shape and include more exercise in their along with suitable treatments for people of varieus ages.Successful participants will receive a weekly routine.Comfortable clothes are certificate in basic first aid. recommended. Malaysian Cookery Car Maintenance for Beginners 6 weeks Wed,and Fri,19.00-21.30 8440 10 weeks Thursdays,18.30-21.00 $400 Our course introduces students to Malaysian This course provides practical training in basic cooking-a fantastic mix of cuisines,mainly servicing,replacement of parts and minor Malay,Chinese and Indian.The varied dishes repairs.It also includes lectures on car engines tires and brakes as well as how to buy cars. guarantee something for everyone's taste.All our You will gain a better understanding of how tutors are Malaysian-born and fully qualified. cars work and practical knowledge on how to Classes are small to ensure good supervision. Students work in individual,fully equipped keep your car in good working order. cooking stations.And no washing up! Creative Writing An introduction to psychology 8 weeks Mon.and Thu.,19.30-21.00 8265 12 weeks Tue,and Fri,17.30-19.30 $495 This course introduces you to the skill and Psychology is about understanding human process of creative writing.In-class exercises behaviour and this course is designed for people focus on characterization,dialogue and who would like to increase their knowledge of this narrative.Assignments done at home will important and fascinating area.The course covers ▣ 扫描全能王创建 回 develop your ideas.You're encouraged to a range of topics,encouraging discussion of past listen to each other's work and offer critical and present theories and case studies.A certificate support.You'll discover your own writing of completion will be awarded. voice while producing fiction and poetry. 56.The Bollywood Workout course is essentially A.a film-making course B.a fitness course C.a history course D.a music course 57.If you want to learn some life skills and are interested in earning a certificate,which course would be the most suitable choice? A.Basic First Aid. B.Malaysian Cookery. C.An introduction to psychology. D.Creative Writing. 58.Considering the structure of the various courses offered,which course seems to emphasize a blend of practical skills with theoretical knowledge? A.Bollywood Workout. B.Malaysian Cookery. C.An introduction to psychology. D.Car Maintenance for Beginners D) On holiday,many will find themselves in places where they do not speak the language.Once upon a time,they might have carried a phrasebook.The rise of English has made that less necessary. But most people---at least seven of the world's eight billion---still do not speak English.That leaves options like gestures,or,increasingly,technology possible. More and more people are using simple,free tools,not only to decode text but also to speak. With these apps'conversation mode,you talk into a phone and a spoken translation is heard moments later;the app can also listen for another language and produce a translation in yours. You may still get a surprise or two.Google Translate may be the best-known name in machine translation,.but it often makes mistakes..Take“my wife is gluten-free(不含谷蛋白的)”，the kind of thing you might say at a restaurant abroad.In French or Italian,Google Translate turns this into "my wife is without gluten"---true to the words rather than the meaning.DeepL,a rival,does better,offering various options,most of them along the correct lines. The best tool may not be a translation app at all.Though not marketed for the purpose, ChatGPT,an AI system that generates prose according to users'prompts,is multilingual.Rather than entering an exact text to translate,users can tell ChatGPT to "write a message in Spanish to a waiter that we would like the tasting menu,but that my wife is gluten-free,so we want substitutions for anything that has gluten.And out pops a perfect paragraph,including the way Spanish- speaking actually say "my wife is gluten-free":mi esposa es celiacata.It is a paraphrase rather than a translation,more like having a native-speaking dinner companion than an automated interpreter. Travel has long been a motivator for study unless people start to feel AI tools offer a good enough service.Some are concerned that apps are turning language acquisition into a declining 8 ▣ 扫描全能王创建 pursuit.Douglas Hofstadter,a multilingualist,has argued that something profound will vanish when people talk through machines.He describes giving a halting,difficult speech in Mandarin,which required a lot of work but offered a sense of accomplishment at the end.Who would boast of taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest? Others are less worried.Most people do not move abroad or have the kind of sustained contact with a foreign culture that requires them to put in the work to become fluent.Nor do most people learn languages for the purpose of humanizing themselves or training their brains.On their holiday, they just want a beer and pasta without incident(and sometimes without gluten). 59.What do most people do now if they can't speak English in foreign places? A.Switch to their own mother languages B.Refer to the phrasebooks they have carried. C.Turn to technology to get a spoken translation. D.Rely on free tools to communicate through gestures. 60.What advantage does ChatGPT have over translation apps? A.Including conversation mode. B.Providing more instant responses. C.Offering a wider range of languages. D.Producing more accurate translations. 61.The underlined word "halting"(in paragraph 5)most probably refers to A.lasting a short time but containing many words B.showing strong emotions,especially by crying C.slow,stopping and starting repeatedly D.happening naturally,without planning 62.What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A.Travel no longer motivates people to learn languages thanks to AI tools. B.People may lose interest in learning a new language due to translation apps. C.Not everyone has a real need to practice foreign languages while ordering food. D.A good command of Mandarin can give language learners a sense of accomplishment. E) A.To fight family laziness,set an example. B.Knowing how to fight laziness is important. C.One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep. D.With strong determination,you will be able to achieve your goal. E.Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life. F.Create a reward system for yourself,just as parents do for a child. How Can I Fight Laziness? Lazy people will never amount to anything in life.However,laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind. 63.Many people lack sleep constantly,since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work.These people have little motivation once they arrive home.Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things.By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest,you can fight laziness throughout the day. 扫描全能王创建 Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to acuive.Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task.Others take a more proactive approach,viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone.64 Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations()that surround them.A television in the living room may provide entertainment,but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness.65.Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy,such as a good dinner or a film. Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home.Couples and children may all have different energy levels,but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately.66.Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal.Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task.It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people. Finally,taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness.Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle,thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits. 67.Summary writing:10% Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea and the main point (s)of the passage.Use your own words as far as possible. The Rise of Gig Economy The rise of the gig economy--short-term,freelance（自由职业)，or contract work--has transformed traditional employment.A survey reveals that 60%of freelancers report greater job satisfaction than full-time office workers,but research also suggests this shift has mixed effects on worker satisfaction. Autonomy and flexibility stand as the clearest advantage.Workers can set their own schedules, choose projects that interest them,and even work from anywhere.Many find this freedom liberating compared to traditional 9-to-5 jobs. Gig work enables skill diversification---workers can take on varied projects across industries, expanding their expertise beyond a single job role.This exposure often leads to faster career growth and higher earning potential in the long term. Yet beneath this surface of independence lie significant drawbacks.Financial security often escapes most gig workers,who typically don't receive health coverage,retirement plans or paid leave.During .econonc downturns,gig workers are especially vulnerable,as seen during the pandemic when many lost income ovemight. The psychological strain often goes unnoticed.Working alone without colleagues can lead to feelings of isolation,while the constant pressure to secure new projects creates persistent stress. Many freelancers describe their experience a "feast-or-famine"cycle. Interestingly,studies show thathvbrid models-combining gig work with part-time traditional jobs-lead to the highest satisfaction.This approach provides stability while retaining flexibility.A junior developer working remotely for a fintech startup develops custom ChatGPT plugins for e commerce clients via Toptal.The steady startup salary covers living expenses,while high-margin freelance projects fund his AI upskilling courses. Policy makers and companies are now exploring innovative ways to improve gig workers' conditions.Some propose portable benefits,where workers carry insurance and retirement plans o 扫描全能王创建 可织