精品解析：上海市延安中学2025-2026学年第二学期期末考试高二英语试卷

上海市延安中学2025学年第二学期期末考试 高二年级 英语试卷 （考试时间：90分钟 满分100分） I. Listening comprehension (15%) Section A (5%) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. The damage to the building. B. The building burnt down. C. A terrible fire accident. D. The casualty of an accident. 2. A. 100 pounds. B. 80 pounds. C. 60 pounds. D. 64 pounds. 3. A. Stop working. B. Buy a computer. C. Fix the mouse. D. Buy a new mouse. 4. A. In a grocery store. B. At the dinner table. C. In a company. D. On a farm. 5. A. Selling cucumbers. B. Planting vegetables. C. Cooking a meal. D. Picking tomatoes. 6. A. He is not afraid of driving in the terrible rush hour. B. Driving is much faster than taking the bus to work. C. He has to leave the seats when the bus gets to his stop. D. He doesn’t like standing all the way on his way to work. 7. A. John is a kind and easy-going man. B. The woman doesn’t know John. C. The woman doesn’t like John. D. The man doesn’t like John. 8. A. Mary was under pressure to find her digital camera. B. The man didn’t want Mary to find her digital camera. C. The man tricked Mary by hiding her digital camera. D. The man’s mistake had caused Mary to lose her camera. 9. A. She didn’t like the new exhibit. B. She is still very busy studying. C. She will spare time to go to the exhibit. D. She doesn’t want to stay in the art gallery. 10. A. She doesn’t plan to continue studying next year. B. She has already told the man about her plan. C. She isn’t planning to leave her university. D. She recently visited a different university. Section B (10%) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. The crowding of people into cities. B. The supply for people’s needs. C. The further pollution by industry. D. The increase in numbers of people. 12. A. 2 billion. B. 8 billion. C. 4 billion. D. 12 billion. 13. A. Humans’ survival problem. B. Population control measures. C. The exhaustion of resources. D. Overcrowding and starvation. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. They read a chosen book at the same time and discuss it. B. They read a book together and one will say a lot about it. C. They discuss a book and tell each other a different story. D. They make friends with people reading their favorite books. 15. A. Discussing a book you like with others. B. Realizing something new about it. C. Starting and cultivating new friendships. D. Introducing your favorite book to others. 16. A. Finding that others in the club are not interested in the book you like B. Waiting for a long time for your friends to finish reading the book. C. Missing the meeting because you haven’t finished reading the book. D. Wanting to attend the meeting to know the ending of the book. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Professor Green’s career. B. Professor Green’s goal. C. Professor Green’s preference. D. Professor Green’s breakthrough. 18. A. Teaching physics in a university. B. Providing advice for an institute. C. Assessing scenic spots in the world. D. Giving speeches on science on TV. 19. A. It is different from what she is doing now. B. It furthers her understanding of science. C. It takes a lot of time for her to give lectures. D. It stimulates her expertise in high-level fields. 20. A. By explaining things clearly. B. By conducting science constantly. C. By locating data in computers. D. By spending time analyzing data. II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A (10%) 语法填空 For decades, families relied on letter writers like Jiang Mingdian to stay connected with relatives abroad. At 77, Jiang may be the last remaining writer of qiaopi (侨批) — remittance letters ____1____ (exchange) between Chinese migrants overseas and the families they left behind. Often sent together with money from abroad, the letters once served as a vital lifeline between relatives separated by migration. For nearly six decades, Jiang ____2____ (help) people put difficult things into words: asking overseas relatives for money, delivering news of a death, settling family grievances, or writing to loved ones they had not seen in years. Requests for money were rarely written directly. Instead, Jiang might phrase the message ___3___ (delicately): “I’ve been ill and bedridden lately.” Soon afterward, a remittance might arrive. During the peak years of emigration to Southeast Asia, entire villages depended on letter writers like Jiang to communicate with relatives abroad. In Shishi, ____4____, many residents were once illiterate or semi-literate, more than 20 letter-writing stalls competed ____5____ customers. Today, Jiang writes only a handful of overseas family letters each year. Most mornings, he arrives at his stall at 9 a.m. and packs up around sunset. Sitting beneath a retractable beach umbrella, he arranges the same objects he has carried for decades: a fountain pen, ____6____ (tear) dictionaries, stone paperweights collected from the shore, and a rusted tin box holding the calligraphy brushes left behind by his father. Jiang grew up in a family of educators. His father, Jiang Yitao, had once served as a middle school principal in Taiwan before becoming a letter writer in Shishi, ____7____ his mother spoke fluent English and made him practice the language aloud early every morning. ____8____ radio broadcasts, cassette tapes, newspapers, and dictionaries, he also taught ____9____ enough Spanish, Vietnamese, Tagalog, German, French, and Portuguese to handle overseas correspondence. Jiang still writes in the traditional vertical format, from right to left. As his eyesight worsens, he says he has gradually stopped subscribing to most newspapers. The only one he still reads regularly is Cankaoxiaoxi, a state-run paper largely dedicated to translating foreign reporting for Chinese readers. “____10____ people still need me,” Jiang says, “I will continue.” Section B (10%) Directions: Complete the article with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once. There is one extra that you do not need. A. barrier B. blend C. dedicating D. dilemma E. dimension F. perceptual G. sensible H. shape I. translate J. triggered K. yielded Virtual reality has proven less popular than American tech companies once hoped. Facebook rebranded to Meta, expecting everyone to enter “the metaverse,” but faced massive losses. Apple’s Vision Pro also failed to gain support. But in China, 2025 was the year when explosive growth in VR was ____11____ — not as home headsets, but as interactive shows. These “location-based entertainment virtual reality” (LBE VR) shows ____12____ the way participants perceive foreign landmarks, explore historical events, or enter animated movie universes. China has become the core growth driver of this global market. The boom started with “The Lost Pharaoh,” where users explore ancient Egyptian ruins like the Great Pyramid of Giza. After opening in Paris in 2022, it launched in Shanghai in 2023, drawing huge crowds and accounting for nearly half of its global revenue. This success started a craze. International projects now allow visits to Paris’ Notre-Dame or Spain’s Prado Museum. Domestic institutions are also ____13____ resources to developing their own experiences. Over 200 domestic VR experiences have rolled out nationwide. Tickets are typically around 100 yuan, and shows last 30 to 45 minutes. Themes ____14____ Chinese cultural heritage, like the Qin and Tang dynasties, with natural history and sci-fi. An interactive VR version of the animated movie “Chang An” lets participants take the role of Tang-era students, taking imperial exams and fighting on battlefields. The hit movie “Nobody” also has a VR version where participants fight alongside the characters. “The Recluse Dongpo,” developed with the Shanghai Library, lets users follow the poet Su Shi through his career and exile. However, the overall quality of VR experiences in China has not yet ____15____ experiences of particularly high standards. Shows are often similar in subject matter and narrative design, mostly following the framework of “The Lost Pharaoh.” The ____16____ quality is also limited, acting as a(n) ____17____ as many productions lack advanced interaction. Developers often struggle to tackle the ____18____ of thinking outside their boxes, often treating VR as an extension of movies, games, or exhibitions rather than independent creations with a new ____19____. The boom shows no signs of slowing. Investors and producers should not solely consider revenue, but recognize that only high-quality works will stand the test of time. By focusing on content and user emotions, we can create digital experiences that ____20____ into genuine emotions. III. Reading comprehension Section A (15%) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Short-form videos have become one of the dominant ways young people interact with social media. These are clips lasting seconds up to a few minutes, powered by personalized algorithms that are deeply immersive and precisely ____21____ to users’ interests, with endless autoplay and infinite scroll providing no stopping cues. These clips are standard in platforms like TikTok, and are designed to keep attention locked in. This design matters because it encourages repeated, often automatic ____22____. Users don’t need to decide what to watch next, as the platform decides for them. Over time, this may shape how attention, mood, and motivation are ____23____, especially in children and adolescents whose brains are still developing. As concern grows about the mental health impacts of social media, researchers have increasingly turned their attention to short-form video. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis by Nguyen and colleagues pulled together 70 studies to ____24____ how this type of content use is linked to mental health, cognition, and well-being. Rather than focusing on a(n) ____25____ study, meta-analyses pool results across many studies to better understand overall effects and who is at greatest risk. Across the studies included in the review, higher levels of short-form video use were ____26____ associated with poorer mental health outcomes, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Importantly, these associations were strongest when use was frequent, emotionally ____27____ or felt difficult to control. These ____28____ reflect how and why young people interact with these platforms, not simply how long they use them. Beyond mental health, this review also examined how short-form video use relates to cognitive functioning, including executive functioning abilities that are ____29____ for success in school and work. Across studies, a consistent pattern emerged, particularly in young people: heavier and more compulsive short-form video use was linked to poorer cognitive outcomes. The fast-paced, highly ____30____, and repetitive nature of short-form video may ____31____ the ability to focus on slower, effortful tasks and place additional strain on developing cognitive systems. The results suggest that short-form video platforms ____32____ youth mental health and cognition during adolescence, a particularly ____33____ period in development. The results highlight the danger of these videos and highlight the need to ____34____ the platforms’ designs and algorithms to protect youth well-being and cognition, as well as undertake measures to limit use and ____35____. Several countries, such as Australia and the United Kingdom, have imposed bans on social media for teens under 16 years of age, with other countries considering the same measures. 21. A. tuned B. tailored C. limited D. reflected 22. A. engagement B. maintenance C. display D. refreshment 23. A. carved B. extracted C. regulated D. influenced 24. A. examine B. convince C. represent D. explore 25. A. random B. existent C. original D. single 26. A. consistently B. unceasingly C. inevitably D. permanently 27. A. drained B. driven C. relieved D. controlled 28. A. illusions B. results C. features D. patterns 29. A. sensitive B. dedicated C. critical D. optional 30. A. challenging B. stimulating C. entertaining D. demanding 31. A. deprive B. help C. hinder D. delay 32. A. benefit B. restore C. threaten D. ignore 33. A. sensible B. primitive C. stable D. vulnerable 34. A. reform B. transform C. shift D. maintain 35. A. access B. barrier C. exhibit D. exposure Section B (22%) Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） UP THE STAIRS In fourth grade, I spent a summer living with my grandparents. Granddad would often recline in bed, his right leg cocked, and regale me with stories like an aging son of the manor. When he was about thirteen, he fled famine in Shandong and came to Liaoning Province. A shop owner noticed his physique and asked him to lift a hundred-pound bag of rice. “I managed to get it over my head. My heart felt ready to jump out of my mouth.” The man hired him as a lackey at his grain store. Not only could Granddad finally eat his fill; he also quickly learned how to use an abacus, handle sales, keep accounts, and even take care of the shop owner’s children. When the People’s Liberation Army reached Shenyang, the shop was turned into a people’s granary, and Grandad was put in charge of the owner. “He was dead within a few years. I gave his wife two months of my wages. I never saw the family again.” Granddad spent his first year of retirement gardening. The following year, at the age of sixty-one, he had a heart attack. There were no warning signs. He didn’t drink, and rarely smoked. My mother found him stuck full of tubes at the hospital. The doctor said that his arteries were clogged, and he needed surgery; he had a one-in-ten chance of surviving. The operation was a success. He emerged from the hospital looking more or less the same as when he entered it. The doctor said that he’d have to quit smoking, and to take extra care doing two things: using a squat toilet and going up the stairs. The afternoon I finished my final exams in junior high, in the summer of 1999, my mother knocked on my bedroom door. “Your Granddad died last week. I didn’t want to distract you from your exams. He had another heart attack.” It had been exactly ten years since his first one. “My heart is breaking.” Granddad had apparently taken the bus quite a distance and walked very far that day, to reach a certain apartment building. My mother said no one in our family knew of this place, nor had we ever heard Granddad mention it. On the eighth floor of this building lived a woman who was also in her seventies. The elevator was broken. Step by step, Granddad climbed up seven flights of stairs and knocked on her door. According to the investigation that followed, the woman was shocked. She said it had been decades since she and Granddad had seen each other, but she knew who he was right away. He smiled, and looked like he was about to speak, but before he could get the first word out he crashed to her living-room floor, and a few seconds later stopped breathing. The woman was the only witness. 36. What caused the shop owner to hire the author’s granddad? A. His ability to use an abacus. B. His experience in keeping accounts. C. His strength to lift a heavy bag of rice. D. His skill in taking care of children. 37. What did the doctor warn Granddad to be especially careful about after his first heart attack? A. Using a squat toilet and climbing stairs. B. Smoking and drinking. C. Lifting heavy objects and running. D. Gardening and walking long distances. 38. What can be inferred about Granddad from his final climb to the eighth floor? A. He wanted to challenge his physical limits. B. He was determined to see that woman despite his weak heart. C. He didn’t remember the doctor’s advice. D. He went there to ask for help. 39. Based on the details provided in the passage, which of the following best describes Granddad’s character? A. Emotional and careless. B. Strong-minded and loyal. C. Quiet and fatigued. D. Nostalgic and wise. （B） Succeed Again with a University of Maryland Global Campus Online Program University of Maryland Global Campus (UMGC) was founded specifically to serve the higher education needs of working adults and service members. UMGC’s online classes offer you the flexibility and convenience to demonstrate and master skills at your own pace, on your own time, while enabling you to make the personal connections that create a rewarding and enjoyable learning experience. Ready to Get Started? UMGC makes it easy to apply online, work with an admissions advisor, explore financial aid options, and register for classes. Take the next step in achieving your goals by applying to UMGC today. 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Find out UMGC’s requirements for admission to the university. If you have a U.S. high school diploma or GED, or you graduated from a U.S. college or university, you qualify for undergraduate admission at University of Maryland Global Campus, at the bachelor’s degree or undergraduate certificate level. If you hold a bachelor’s degree from a regionally accredited degree-granting university or college, you qualify for graduate admission at the master’s degree or graduate certificate level. Get started at UMGC with rolling admissions and flexible session dates. Ready to start the next chapter in your education journey and succeed on your terms at University of Maryland Global Campus? We have all the rules, requirements, and dates outlined so that you can make an informed decision and plan your next success. 40. According to the passage, which of the following applicants qualifies for undergraduate admission at UMGC? A. A student who has completed 30 transferable credits but no high school diploma. B. A student who holds a bachelor’s degree from a regionally accredited university. C. A student who has a U.S. high school diploma or GED. D. A student who provides military documents instead of high school transcripts. 41. What does the passage suggest about applicants who do not have their documents ready? A. They should wait until they find all documents before applying. B. They can still complete the application and ask for help if needed. C. They are required to call the admissions office for a special form. D. They must provide official high school transcripts first. 42. What can be inferred about UMGC’s admission process? A. It only accepts students with a bachelor’s degree. B. It has specific requirements for military-affiliated applicants. C. It does not accept transfer credits from other institutions. D. It requires all applicants to take an entrance exam. （C） Are sugar substitutes healthier than the real thing? The promise of sugar substitutes is simple: found in everything from yogurts to toothpaste, they claim to let people gorge on sweet treats without piling on weight and the tooth decay caused by sugar-loving bacteria. Now a growing body of research is suggesting that these substances may have surprisingly bitter consequences. Sugar substitutes are a mixed sachet. They include synthetic concoctions (such as aspartame, saccharin and sucralose) and substances derived from plants, including a family of carbohydrates known as sugar alcohols (such as erythritol, maltitol, sorbitol and xylitol) and stevia. Some strike the human tongue as hundreds of times sweeter than sugar, so are added in tiny amounts to foods and drinks. These small quantities, combined with the observation that many are excreted largely unchanged, have led to the assumption that they pass through the human body without affecting metabolism. Things may not be so simple. In some randomised controlled trials (typically lasting 4-12 weeks) substituting other sweeteners for sugars did admittedly result in lower weight gain. But a number of large, long-term observational studies have found the opposite: people with higher consumption of sugar substitutes — some of whom may be using these to replace sugar in their diets — end up putting on more weight than those who consume the least. Other studies show that they also end up with higher rates of heart problems, diabetes and cancer than abstainers. Proving causality through such observational studies is difficult, as it would involve accounting for all the ways in which people who eat lots of sugar substitutes are different from those who do not. It could be, for example, that some consumers of these sweeteners are people who are already at high risk for diabetes or heart disease and looking to eat more healthily. Even without a smoking gun, however, the overall body of research was concerning enough to prompt the World Health Organisation to issue, in 2023, precautionary advice against the use of sugar substitutes as a means to control weight or prevent chronic diseases. (The advice does not apply to people with diabetes.) There are plenty of hypotheses concerning how sugar substitutes could be causing harm. Some of these substances have been found to activate the same harmful gut and metabolic signalling mechanisms as sugar, and some studies in mice suggest that they could be affecting the function of immune cells involved in preventing the growth of tumours. Emerging evidence also suggests that they can affect the relative abundance of various gut bacteria, potentially tipping the scales in favour of harmful species. There are lots of open questions to be answered regarding the safety of sugar substitutes, says Herbert Tilg from the Medical University of Innsbruck, in Austria, but these studies are raising the level of concern. 43. What does the phrase “a mixed sachet” in paragraph 2 most likely mean? A. A small package containing different sweeteners. B. A mixture of both benefits and risks. C. A group of substances with various origins and properties. D. A collection of synthetic chemicals only. 44. Why does the author mention randomised controlled trials and long-term observational studies in paragraph 3? A. To prove that sugar substitutes are completely safe. B. To show the contradiction between short-term and long-term findings. C. To explain how sugar substitutes affect gut bacteria. D. To recommend sugar substitutes for weight loss. 45. What can be inferred about the World Health Organisation’s advice on sugar substitutes? A. It is based on solid proof of direct harm. B. It applies to all people, including diabetics. C. It is a caution based on concerning but not conclusive evidence. D. It strongly recommends using natural sweeteners instead. 46. According to the last two paragraphs, what is a possible mechanism by which sugar substitutes could cause harm? A. They directly kill immune cells in the gut. B. They change the balance of gut bacteria in favour of harmful ones. C. They are absorbed into the blood and damage the heart. D. They make people eat more sugar than before. Section C (4%) Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then choose the sentences that can be filled into the blanks. Note there are two more sentences than can be used. AI Cats and Micro-Dramas: The High-Stakes Battle for Eyeballs In the animated series “Orange Cat Taoist Priest: Fighting the Zombie King”, a tabby (斑猫) in a flowing robe battles a pack of vicious, undead kittens. These cat adventures come in dozens of two-minute episodes, or micro-dramas — a form of entertainment that combines traditional TV shows with scrollable social-media posts. ____47____ The Taoist master cat has attracted half a million views. China’s entertainment industry has been shaken by micro-forms. Total time spent watching longer dramas fell by 15% year on year in January, while viewing time on Red Fruit, a micro-drama app owned by ByteDance (the firm behind Douyin), more than doubled. The business model is based on aggressively cutting costs. The live-action versions use amateur actors and bare-bones sets, but they are being undercut by new AI-animation tools. The proliferation of these in the past year has enabled production costs to be cut by up to 90%, reckon analysts at HSBC, and leading industry insiders say the volume of live-action dramas filmed in some regions has shrunk by 80% while actors’ already meagre pay has been cut by half. ____48____ But the AI type faces headwinds (逆风). Since April 1st, regulators have required that all animated micro-series not already approved for streaming be removed from online platforms. New series, they say, must file for approval before being released online. The model’s other problems are also becoming clearer. One is excessive competition. China has produced so many AI micro-dramas that, despite their tight budgets, fewer and fewer get sufficient views to make money. ____49____ It is hard for people to form sentimental attachments to micro-drama characters; as viewers, they are less loyal. ____50____ One of them, Alibaba, has launched a new season of a long-form animated series called “The Demon Hunter”. It has more than 10m followers. In the epic battle for eyeballs, longer dramas may still stand a chance. A. AI-animated soap operas featuring talking cats may sound wild but have become a big hit in China. B. However, most viewers still prefer traditional long-form dramas for their emotional depth. C. The success of AI micro-dramas has led to a sharp increase in advertising revenue for streaming platforms. D. One producer says that in early April he knew only a few non-AI-animated micro-dramas being shown in China. E. Another problem is the very nature of this entertainment. F. China’s tech giants are trying to adapt. IV. Summary writing (10%) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. As a child, I was regularly told off for swinging on my chair, and fidgeting through story time. Eventually, I learned to resist the desire to fidget. Today, I can sit still for hours with barely a shuffle. It turns out, however, that I may have been better-off before. Let s dig a bit more into the science. Fidgeting is defined as moving or acting impatiently or nervously. However, James Levine, a professor of medicine at the Mayo Clinic, says it is better defined as a neurologically programmed rhythmic-movement of a body part. In other words, the fidget factor is an outward sign of a natural desire to move. While no evidence shows that fidgeting directly leads to a longer life, studies have shown fidgeting can help. For one, fidgeting may help us cope with stress. In one study, volunteers were put in a stressful situation, a simulated job interview followed by a mental arithmetic (算术) task. Researchers found those who fidgeted by displaying “displacement behavior,” such as scratching, biting their lips or touching their face, found the experience less stressful. Meanwhile, fidgeting may also help lower some of the other risks that come with a sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle. Feet tapping while sitting, for example, can protect the arteries (动脉) in-legs-and potentially help prevent related diseases. “If you’re sedentary, that’s not good for you. But if you’re sedentary and fidget, it reduces your risk of long-term ill health,” says Janet Cade at the University of Leeds. The findings raise questions about whether the way we perceive people who fidget should change. Fidgeting is often seen as rude or an indication that someone is not paying attention. But if these simple movements are good for our health, maybe they should be indulged. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第 II 卷 (14 分) V. Translation (3+3+4+4) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 广告使我们确信，离开了某些特定的产品我们就无法生活，并暗示我们这些产品能改变我们的生活。（课文默写句）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________ 53. 就即将到来的暑假而言，设定清晰的学业目标是提升学习效率的关键。(terms, key) （汉译英） _______________________________________________________ 54. 他过去常常认为朋友的理解和支持是理所应当的，但是直到失去后才意识到其难能可贵。（grant, until）(汉译英) _______________________________________________________ 55. 虽然屏蔽干扰绝非易事，但能抵御诱惑、凝神聚力于当务之急的人，最终总能重回正轨。(channel) （汉译英） _______________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市延安中学2025学年第二学期期末考试 高二年级 英语试卷 （考试时间：90分钟 满分100分） I. Listening comprehension (15%) Section A (5%) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. The damage to the building. B. The building burnt down. C. A terrible fire accident. D. The casualty of an accident. 2. A. 100 pounds. B. 80 pounds. C. 60 pounds. D. 64 pounds. 3. A. Stop working. B. Buy a computer. C. Fix the mouse. D. Buy a new mouse. 4. A. In a grocery store. B. At the dinner table. C. In a company. D. On a farm. 5. A. Selling cucumbers. B. Planting vegetables. C. Cooking a meal. D. Picking tomatoes. 6. A. He is not afraid of driving in the terrible rush hour. B. Driving is much faster than taking the bus to work. C. He has to leave the seats when the bus gets to his stop. D. He doesn’t like standing all the way on his way to work. 7. A. John is a kind and easy-going man. B. The woman doesn’t know John. C. The woman doesn’t like John. D. The man doesn’t like John. 8. A. Mary was under pressure to find her digital camera. B. The man didn’t want Mary to find her digital camera. C. The man tricked Mary by hiding her digital camera. D. The man’s mistake had caused Mary to lose her camera. 9. A. She didn’t like the new exhibit. B. She is still very busy studying. C. She will spare time to go to the exhibit. D. She doesn’t want to stay in the art gallery. 10. A. She doesn’t plan to continue studying next year. B. She has already told the man about her plan. C. She isn’t planning to leave her university. D. She recently visited a different university. Section B (10%) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. The crowding of people into cities. B. The supply for people’s needs. C. The further pollution by industry. D. The increase in numbers of people. 12. A. 2 billion. B. 8 billion. C. 4 billion. D. 12 billion. 13. A. Humans’ survival problem. B. Population control measures. C. The exhaustion of resources. D. Overcrowding and starvation. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. They read a chosen book at the same time and discuss it. B. They read a book together and one will say a lot about it. C. They discuss a book and tell each other a different story. D. They make friends with people reading their favorite books. 15. A. Discussing a book you like with others. B. Realizing something new about it. C. Starting and cultivating new friendships. D. Introducing your favorite book to others. 16. A. Finding that others in the club are not interested in the book you like B. Waiting for a long time for your friends to finish reading the book. C. Missing the meeting because you haven’t finished reading the book. D. Wanting to attend the meeting to know the ending of the book. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Professor Green’s career. B. Professor Green’s goal. C. Professor Green’s preference. D. Professor Green’s breakthrough. 18. A. Teaching physics in a university. B. Providing advice for an institute. C. Assessing scenic spots in the world. D. Giving speeches on science on TV. 19. A. It is different from what she is doing now. B. It furthers her understanding of science. C. It takes a lot of time for her to give lectures. D. It stimulates her expertise in high-level fields. 20. A. By explaining things clearly. B. By conducting science constantly. C. By locating data in computers. D. By spending time analyzing data. II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A (10%) 语法填空 For decades, families relied on letter writers like Jiang Mingdian to stay connected with relatives abroad. At 77, Jiang may be the last remaining writer of qiaopi (侨批) — remittance letters ____1____ (exchange) between Chinese migrants overseas and the families they left behind. Often sent together with money from abroad, the letters once served as a vital lifeline between relatives separated by migration. For nearly six decades, Jiang ____2____ (help) people put difficult things into words: asking overseas relatives for money, delivering news of a death, settling family grievances, or writing to loved ones they had not seen in years. Requests for money were rarely written directly. Instead, Jiang might phrase the message ___3___ (delicately): “I’ve been ill and bedridden lately.” Soon afterward, a remittance might arrive. During the peak years of emigration to Southeast Asia, entire villages depended on letter writers like Jiang to communicate with relatives abroad. In Shishi, ____4____, many residents were once illiterate or semi-literate, more than 20 letter-writing stalls competed ____5____ customers. Today, Jiang writes only a handful of overseas family letters each year. Most mornings, he arrives at his stall at 9 a.m. and packs up around sunset. Sitting beneath a retractable beach umbrella, he arranges the same objects he has carried for decades: a fountain pen, ____6____ (tear) dictionaries, stone paperweights collected from the shore, and a rusted tin box holding the calligraphy brushes left behind by his father. Jiang grew up in a family of educators. His father, Jiang Yitao, had once served as a middle school principal in Taiwan before becoming a letter writer in Shishi, ____7____ his mother spoke fluent English and made him practice the language aloud early every morning. ____8____ radio broadcasts, cassette tapes, newspapers, and dictionaries, he also taught ____9____ enough Spanish, Vietnamese, Tagalog, German, French, and Portuguese to handle overseas correspondence. Jiang still writes in the traditional vertical format, from right to left. As his eyesight worsens, he says he has gradually stopped subscribing to most newspapers. The only one he still reads regularly is Cankaoxiaoxi, a state-run paper largely dedicated to translating foreign reporting for Chinese readers. “____10____ people still need me,” Jiang says, “I will continue.” 【答案】1. exchanged 2. has helped##has been helping 3. more delicately 4. where 5. for 6. torn 7. while 8. Through 9. himself 10. As long as 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了77岁的姜明典作为最后一批侨批代写人，数十年坚持为乡亲代写海外家书、传递亲情与诉求的经历，讲述了侨批的历史作用、代写行业的兴衰以及姜明典的个人成长背景与坚守初心的故事。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：77岁的姜明典可能是最后一位留存的侨批书写者——侨批是海外华人移民与其留守家人之间往来的汇款书信。句子已有谓语may be，空格处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词remittance letters。remittance letters与exchange之间是被动关系，需用过去分词形式exchanged。 【2题详解】 考查时态。句意：近六十年来，姜明典一直帮人们把难以言说的心事诉诸文字：向海外亲人索要钱财、告知亲友噩耗、调解家庭矛盾，或是给多年未见的亲人写信。时间状语For nearly six decades为现在完成时的标志性时间，动作从过去持续到现在且可能继续延续，可使用现在完成时has helped或现在完成进行时has been helping。 【3题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：相反，姜明典会用更委婉的措辞表达：“我近来卧病在床，身体不适。”结合语境，前文提到人们很少直接开口要钱，此处暗含代写后的表述比直白索要钱财的方式更加委婉，存在隐性比较含义，需用副词比较级more delicately修饰动词phrase。 【4题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在石狮，许多居民曾经是文盲或半文盲，二十多家书信代写摊位争相招揽顾客。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为地点名词Shishi，从句缺少地点状语，需用关系副词where引导从句。 【5题详解】 考查介词。句意同上。固定搭配compete for 表示“为……竞争、争夺”，此处指各个摊位争夺顾客。 【6题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他坐在一把可伸缩沙滩伞下，摆放着那些随身携带数十年的老物件：一把钢笔、几本破旧的词典、从海边捡来的石镇纸，还有一个装着父亲遗留毛笔的生锈铁盒。空格处修饰名词dictionaries，需用形容词作定语。tear的形容词形式torn表示“破旧的、撕裂的”。 【7题详解】 考查连词。句意：他的父亲姜意涛曾在台湾担任中学校长，后来在石狮做起了书信代写的工作，而他的母亲能说一口流利的英语，每天清晨督促他大声练习英语。空格前后为两个并列的分句，分别介绍父亲和母亲的经历与特点，存在对比并列关系，while可作并列连词，表示“而”。 【8题详解】 考查介词。句意：通过收音机广播、磁带、报纸和词典，他还自学了充足的西班牙语、越南语、他加禄语、德语、法语和葡萄牙语，足以处理海外书信往来。空格后为名词性短语，此处表示学习语言的途径、方式，through为介词，意为“通过、借助”，句首单词首字母需大写。 【9题详解】 考查代词。句意同上。固定搭配teach oneself 表示“自学”，句子主语为he，对应的反身代词为himself。 【10题详解】 考查连词。句意：姜明典说：“只要还有人需要我，我就会一直写下去。”空格处引导条件状语从句，结合句意，此处表示唯一条件，as long as意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句，句首单词首字母需大写。 Section B (10%) Directions: Complete the article with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once. There is one extra that you do not need. A. barrier B. blend C. dedicating D. dilemma E. dimension F. perceptual G. sensible H. shape I. translate J. triggered K. yielded Virtual reality has proven less popular than American tech companies once hoped. Facebook rebranded to Meta, expecting everyone to enter “the metaverse,” but faced massive losses. Apple’s Vision Pro also failed to gain support. But in China, 2025 was the year when explosive growth in VR was ____11____ — not as home headsets, but as interactive shows. These “location-based entertainment virtual reality” (LBE VR) shows ____12____ the way participants perceive foreign landmarks, explore historical events, or enter animated movie universes. China has become the core growth driver of this global market. The boom started with “The Lost Pharaoh,” where users explore ancient Egyptian ruins like the Great Pyramid of Giza. After opening in Paris in 2022, it launched in Shanghai in 2023, drawing huge crowds and accounting for nearly half of its global revenue. This success started a craze. International projects now allow visits to Paris’ Notre-Dame or Spain’s Prado Museum. Domestic institutions are also ____13____ resources to developing their own experiences. Over 200 domestic VR experiences have rolled out nationwide. Tickets are typically around 100 yuan, and shows last 30 to 45 minutes. Themes ____14____ Chinese cultural heritage, like the Qin and Tang dynasties, with natural history and sci-fi. An interactive VR version of the animated movie “Chang An” lets participants take the role of Tang-era students, taking imperial exams and fighting on battlefields. The hit movie “Nobody” also has a VR version where participants fight alongside the characters. “The Recluse Dongpo,” developed with the Shanghai Library, lets users follow the poet Su Shi through his career and exile. However, the overall quality of VR experiences in China has not yet ____15____ experiences of particularly high standards. Shows are often similar in subject matter and narrative design, mostly following the framework of “The Lost Pharaoh.” The ____16____ quality is also limited, acting as a(n) ____17____ as many productions lack advanced interaction. Developers often struggle to tackle the ____18____ of thinking outside their boxes, often treating VR as an extension of movies, games, or exhibitions rather than independent creations with a new ____19____. The boom shows no signs of slowing. Investors and producers should not solely consider revenue, but recognize that only high-quality works will stand the test of time. By focusing on content and user emotions, we can create digital experiences that ____20____ into genuine emotions. 【答案】11. J 12. H 13. C 14. B 15. K 16. F 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. I 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了虚拟现实技术在海外发展遇冷，但在2025年的中国依托线下沉浸式互动展览实现爆发式增长，介绍了国内VR文旅项目的发展现状、特色题材，同时指出行业存在质量同质化、交互体验不足等问题，并呼吁行业深耕优质内容、打造独立的沉浸式体验。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：但在中国，2025年是虚拟现实行业迎来爆发式增长的一年——其增长并非体现在家用头戴设备上，而是体现在互动展览领域。空处动词和空前was构成被动语态，故空处需填过去分词，结合选项，triggered意为“引发、触发”，be triggered 表示“被催生、迎来（增长）”，契合虚拟现实行业迎来爆发式增长的语境。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：这些“线下实景娱乐虚拟现实”项目塑造了参与者感知异域地标、探索历史事件或走进动画电影世界的方式。空格作句子谓语，主语为shows，描述客观情况用一般现在时，需填动词原形。shape意为“塑造、影响”，搭配the way，贴合句意，指改变用户的体验方式。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：国内机构也正投入各类资源，打造专属的沉浸式体验项目。空格前有are，结合语境为现在进行时，空处需填现在分词，结合句意可知，国内机构也正投入各类资源。dedicate resources to doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“投入资源做某事”，dedicate的现在分词形式为dedicating。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：各类主题将中国文化遗产（如秦、唐代文化）与自然历史、科幻元素相融合。句子缺少谓语动词，主语Themes为复数，陈述客观情况用一般现在时，动词用原形。blend意为“融合、糅合”，blend A with B 是固定搭配，表示“将A与B融合”，契合将中国文化遗产与自然历史、科幻元素相融合的文意。 【15题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，中国虚拟现实体验的整体质量尚未产出极高水准的体验。空格前有has not yet，为现在完成时结构，空处需填过去分词。yielded意为“产出、产生”，贴合句意，指行业尚未产出高质量成果。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：其感知体验质量也十分有限，由于多数作品缺乏高级交互技术，这成为了行业发展的一大阻碍。空格修饰名词quality，需填入形容词。perceptual意为“感知的、知觉的”，perceptual quality即“感知体验质量”，贴合VR沉浸式体验的行业语境。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。空格前有不定冠词a(n)，需填入单数名词。barrier意为“障碍、阻碍”，贴合句意，指体验短板制约行业发展。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：开发者常常难以突破思维固化的困境，往往将虚拟现实视作电影、游戏或展览的延伸，而非拥有全新维度的独立创作形式。空格前有the，后接of所有格，需填入名词。dilemma意为“困境、窘境”，tackle the dilemma表示“解决困境”，契合开发者思维局限的行业难题。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。空格前有a new形容词修饰，需填入单数名词。dimension意为“维度、层面”，a new dimension表示“全新维度”，贴合VR独立创作的全新体验属性。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：聚焦内容品质与用户情感体验，我们能够打造出可转化为真实情感共鸣的数字体验。定语从句缺少谓语动词，先行词experiences为复数，用动词原形。translate可构成固定搭配translate into，意为“转化为、转变为”，贴合数字体验转化为真实情感共鸣的文意。 III. Reading comprehension Section A (15%) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Short-form videos have become one of the dominant ways young people interact with social media. These are clips lasting seconds up to a few minutes, powered by personalized algorithms that are deeply immersive and precisely ____21____ to users’ interests, with endless autoplay and infinite scroll providing no stopping cues. These clips are standard in platforms like TikTok, and are designed to keep attention locked in. This design matters because it encourages repeated, often automatic ____22____. Users don’t need to decide what to watch next, as the platform decides for them. Over time, this may shape how attention, mood, and motivation are ____23____, especially in children and adolescents whose brains are still developing. As concern grows about the mental health impacts of social media, researchers have increasingly turned their attention to short-form video. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis by Nguyen and colleagues pulled together 70 studies to ____24____ how this type of content use is linked to mental health, cognition, and well-being. Rather than focusing on a(n) ____25____ study, meta-analyses pool results across many studies to better understand overall effects and who is at greatest risk. Across the studies included in the review, higher levels of short-form video use were ____26____ associated with poorer mental health outcomes, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Importantly, these associations were strongest when use was frequent, emotionally ____27____ or felt difficult to control. These ____28____ reflect how and why young people interact with these platforms, not simply how long they use them. Beyond mental health, this review also examined how short-form video use relates to cognitive functioning, including executive functioning abilities that are ____29____ for success in school and work. Across studies, a consistent pattern emerged, particularly in young people: heavier and more compulsive short-form video use was linked to poorer cognitive outcomes. The fast-paced, highly ____30____, and repetitive nature of short-form video may ____31____ the ability to focus on slower, effortful tasks and place additional strain on developing cognitive systems. The results suggest that short-form video platforms ____32____ youth mental health and cognition during adolescence, a particularly ____33____ period in development. The results highlight the danger of these videos and highlight the need to ____34____ the platforms’ designs and algorithms to protect youth well-being and cognition, as well as undertake measures to limit use and ____35____. Several countries, such as Australia and the United Kingdom, have imposed bans on social media for teens under 16 years of age, with other countries considering the same measures. 21. A. tuned B. tailored C. limited D. reflected 22. A. engagement B. maintenance C. display D. refreshment 23. A. carved B. extracted C. regulated D. influenced 24. A. examine B. convince C. represent D. explore 25. A. random B. existent C. original D. single 26. A. consistently B. unceasingly C. inevitably D. permanently 27. A. drained B. driven C. relieved D. controlled 28. A. illusions B. results C. features D. patterns 29. A. sensitive B. dedicated C. critical D. optional 30. A. challenging B. stimulating C. entertaining D. demanding 31. A. deprive B. help C. hinder D. delay 32. A. benefit B. restore C. threaten D. ignore 33. A. sensible B. primitive C. stable D. vulnerable 34. A. reform B. transform C. shift D. maintain 35. A. access B. barrier C. exhibit D. exposure 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍短视频易令年轻人沉迷，相关荟萃分析表明过度刷短视频会损害青少年心理与认知；青春期大脑发育关键，需整改平台算法并出台管控政策，多国已限制青少年使用社交软件。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：这些视频时长从几秒到几分钟不等，由深度沉浸式且精准契合用户兴趣的个性化算法驱动，配合无尽自动播放和无限滚动，不提供任何停止提示。A. tuned调谐；B. tailored量身适配；C. limited限制；D. reflected反映。根据前文“powered by personalized algorithms”可知，平台搭载个性化算法，会按照用户喜好推送内容，选项中的tailored可构成固定搭配be tailored to，表示“为……量身匹配”。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种设计很重要，因为它鼓励重复的、往往自动发生的用户参与。A. engagement参与；B. maintenance维护；C. display展示；D. refreshment恢复。根据后文“Users don’t need to decide what to watch next, as the platform decides for them.”可知，平台自动推送内容，使用户持续参与。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：久而久之，这可能会塑造注意力、情绪和动机如何被调节的方式，尤其是在大脑仍在发育的儿童和青少年中。A. carved雕刻；B. extracted提取；C. regulated调节；D. influenced影响。根据前文“Users don’t need to decide what to watch next, as the platform decides for them.”以及“attention, mood, and motivation”可知，平台通过算法替代用户进行内容选择，这种持续的外部干预会重塑用户自身对注意力、情绪和动机的调节方式。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：Nguyen及其同事最近开展的一项系统综述和元分析汇集了70项研究，以检验此类内容的使用与心理健康、认知及幸福感之间的关联。A. examine检验；B. convince说服；C. represent代表；D. explore探索。根据后文“how this type of content use is linked to mental health, cognition, and well-being”可知，该研究的目的是系统检验短视频使用和身心状态的关联。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：荟萃分析不局限于单一研究，而是整合多项研究结果，便于把握整体影响，识别高风险人群。A. random随机的；B. existent现存的；C. original原始的；D. single单一的。根据后文 “meta-analyses pool results across many studies”可知，荟萃分析汇集大量研究数据，与“单一研究”形成对比。 【26题详解】 考查副词。句意：所有纳入研究一致表明，短视频使用越频繁，心理健康状况越差，青少年群体尤为明显。A. consistently一贯地；B. unceasingly不停地；C. inevitably不可避免地；D. permanently永久地。根据后文“Across studies, a consistent pattern emerged”可知，多项研究出现统一稳定的规律，consistently表示“一致地”，前后词汇呼应。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：重要的是，当使用频繁、受情绪驱动或感觉难以控制时，这些关联最为强烈。A. drained疲惫的；B. driven受驱动的；C. relieved宽慰的；D. controlled受控制的。根据前文“emotionally”和后文“or felt difficult to control”可知，此处列举几种不健康的刷视频状态，这些是被情绪驱使的行为。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些模式反映年轻人使用平台的方式与动因，而非单纯使用时长。A. illusions幻觉；B. results结果；C. features特征；D. patterns模式。根据前文“when use was frequent, emotionally _______ or felt difficult to control(空里填driven)”可知，前文列举了几种不同的短视频使用情形，对应的是各类使用模式。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：执行功能是学业、职场取得成功必不可少的能力。A. sensitive敏感的；B. dedicated专注的；C. critical至关重要的；D. optional可选的。根据后文“heavier and more compulsive short-form video use was linked to poorer cognitive outcomes”可知，短视频会损害认知能力，反向说明执行功能对学习和工作至关重要。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：短视频快节奏、高度刺激且重复的特性，可能会阻碍人们专注于更慢、更费力的任务的能力，并对发育中的认知系统造成额外负担。A. challenging有挑战的；B. stimulating刺激的；C. entertaining娱乐的；D. demanding要求高的。根据后文“focus on slower, effortful tasks and place additional strain on developing cognitive systems”可知，短视频使人难以应对缓慢、耗费精力的任务，给认知系统带来负担，可推断短视频本身具备强冲击、高刺激的特点，与缓慢费力的任务形成鲜明对比，stimulating符合本句语境。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：短视频快节奏、高度刺激且重复的特性，可能会阻碍人们专注于更慢、更费力的任务的能力，并对发育中的认知系统造成额外负担。A. deprive剥夺；B. help帮助；C. hinder阻碍；D. delay延迟。根据后文“place additional strain on developing cognitive systems”可知，短视频会给发育中的认知系统增添负担，说明它会妨碍人们静下心完成深度思考类任务，hinder符合本句语境。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：研究结果表明，短视频平台会威胁青春期青少年的心理健康与认知，而青春期是一个尤其脆弱的发展阶段。A. benefit有益于；B. restore恢复；C. threaten威胁；D. ignore忽视。根据后文“highlight the danger of these videos”可知，短视频存在危害，该平台会对青少年身心发展造成不利威胁。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：研究结果表明，短视频平台会威胁青春期青少年的心理健康与认知，而青春期是一个尤其脆弱的发展阶段。A. sensible明智的；B. primitive原始的；C. stable稳定的；D. vulnerable脆弱的。根据前文“whose brains are still developing”可知，青少年大脑尚未发育成熟，对外界负面影响抵御力弱，属于身心发展脆弱阶段。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：研究结果揭示了这类短视频存在的危害，同时指出有必要改革平台的设计，以此保护青少年的心理健康与认知能力，并且出台相关举措，限制青少年使用以及接触这类短视频。A. reform改革；B. transform转变；C. shift转移；D. maintain维持。根据前文“The results highlight the danger of these videos”和后文“protect youth well-being”可推知，原文指出短视频存在危害，因此需要对平台设计与算法进行改革。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：研究结果揭示了这类短视频存在的危害，同时指出有必要改革平台的设计，以此保护青少年的心理健康与认知能力，并且出台相关举措，限制青少年使用以及接触这类短视频。A. access进入；B. barrier障碍；C. exhibit展览；D. exposure接触。根据前文“The results suggest that short-form video platforms _________ youth mental health and cognition during adolescence(空里填threaten)”可知，短视频会损害青少年心理与认知，管控措施既要限制使用时长，也要减少青少年接触有害短视频的机会。 Section B (22%) Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） UP THE STAIRS In fourth grade, I spent a summer living with my grandparents. Granddad would often recline in bed, his right leg cocked, and regale me with stories like an aging son of the manor. When he was about thirteen, he fled famine in Shandong and came to Liaoning Province. A shop owner noticed his physique and asked him to lift a hundred-pound bag of rice. “I managed to get it over my head. My heart felt ready to jump out of my mouth.” The man hired him as a lackey at his grain store. Not only could Granddad finally eat his fill; he also quickly learned how to use an abacus, handle sales, keep accounts, and even take care of the shop owner’s children. When the People’s Liberation Army reached Shenyang, the shop was turned into a people’s granary, and Grandad was put in charge of the owner. “He was dead within a few years. I gave his wife two months of my wages. I never saw the family again.” Granddad spent his first year of retirement gardening. The following year, at the age of sixty-one, he had a heart attack. There were no warning signs. He didn’t drink, and rarely smoked. My mother found him stuck full of tubes at the hospital. The doctor said that his arteries were clogged, and he needed surgery; he had a one-in-ten chance of surviving. The operation was a success. He emerged from the hospital looking more or less the same as when he entered it. The doctor said that he’d have to quit smoking, and to take extra care doing two things: using a squat toilet and going up the stairs. The afternoon I finished my final exams in junior high, in the summer of 1999, my mother knocked on my bedroom door. “Your Granddad died last week. I didn’t want to distract you from your exams. He had another heart attack.” It had been exactly ten years since his first one. “My heart is breaking.” Granddad had apparently taken the bus quite a distance and walked very far that day, to reach a certain apartment building. My mother said no one in our family knew of this place, nor had we ever heard Granddad mention it. On the eighth floor of this building lived a woman who was also in her seventies. The elevator was broken. Step by step, Granddad climbed up seven flights of stairs and knocked on her door. According to the investigation that followed, the woman was shocked. She said it had been decades since she and Granddad had seen each other, but she knew who he was right away. He smiled, and looked like he was about to speak, but before he could get the first word out he crashed to her living-room floor, and a few seconds later stopped breathing. The woman was the only witness. 36. What caused the shop owner to hire the author’s granddad? A. His ability to use an abacus. B. His experience in keeping accounts. C. His strength to lift a heavy bag of rice. D. His skill in taking care of children. 37. What did the doctor warn Granddad to be especially careful about after his first heart attack? A. Using a squat toilet and climbing stairs. B. Smoking and drinking. C. Lifting heavy objects and running. D. Gardening and walking long distances. 38. What can be inferred about Granddad from his final climb to the eighth floor? A. He wanted to challenge his physical limits. B. He was determined to see that woman despite his weak heart. C. He didn’t remember the doctor’s advice. D. He went there to ask for help. 39. Based on the details provided in the passage, which of the following best describes Granddad’s character? A. Emotional and careless. B. Strong-minded and loyal. C. Quiet and fatigued. D. Nostalgic and wise. 【答案】36. C 37. A 38. B 39. B 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了作者回忆爷爷年少逃荒谋生，退休后做了心脏病手术，被叮嘱爬楼梯和蹲马桶时要格外小心。多年后，爷爷长途奔波，徒步爬上八楼探望阔别数十年的老妇人，刚见到对方便心脏病发作离世。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“A shop owner noticed his physique and asked him to lift a hundred-pound bag of rice. “I managed to get it over my head. My heart felt ready to jump out of my mouth.” The man hired him as a lackey at his grain store.( 一位店主注意到他的体格，便请他扛一袋一百磅重的米。“我好不容易把袋子扛过头，心脏都快要跳出来。”那人于是雇他当粮店的伙计。)”可知，店主雇用了作者的爷爷是因为他能搬起一袋重重的米。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The doctor said that he’d have to quit smoking, and to take extra care doing two things: using a squat toilet and going up the stairs.(医生告诉他必须戒烟，并且要特别注意两件事：蹲着上厕所和爬楼梯。)”可知，医生在爷爷第一次心脏病发作后提醒他特别注意蹲厕和爬楼梯两件事。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Granddad had apparently taken the bus quite a distance and walked very far that day, to reach a certain apartment building. My mother said no one in our family knew of this place, nor had we ever heard Granddad mention it. On the eighth floor of this building lived a woman who was also in her seventies. The elevator was broken. Step by step, Granddad climbed up seven flights of stairs and knocked on her door. According to the investigation that followed, the woman was shocked. She said it had been decades since she and Granddad had seen each other, but she knew who he was right away.(爷爷那天显然是坐了很远的公交车，又走了很长一段路，才到达某座公寓楼。母亲说我们家族里没人知道这个地方，也从未听爷爷提起过。这座大楼的八层住着一位同样七十多岁的女士。电梯坏了。爷爷一步步爬上七层楼梯，敲了她的门。根据后来的调查，那位女士当时非常震惊。她说，她和爷爷已经几十年没见面了，但她一眼就认出了他。)”可知，从爷爷最后一次爬到八楼的情况可以推断出他决心要见到那个女人，尽管心脏虚弱。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“A shop owner noticed his physique and asked him to lift a hundred-pound bag of rice. “I managed to get it over my head. My heart felt ready to jump out of my mouth.” The man hired him as a lackey at his grain store. ( 一位店主注意到他的体格，便请他扛一袋一百磅重的米。“我好不容易把袋子扛过头，心脏都快要跳出来。”那人于是雇他当粮店的伙计。)”和第二段中“The doctor said that his arteries were clogged, and he needed surgery; he had a one-in-ten chance of surviving. The operation was a success.(医生说他的动脉堵塞了，需要手术；他只有十分之一的机会活下来。手术成功了。)”可知，爷爷年少时逃荒闯关东，靠毅力在粮店立足；心脏病手术成功率仅十分之一仍挺过难关，都体现了他坚韧的性格；根据第一段中“He was dead within a few years. I gave his wife two months of my wages. I never saw the family again.(几年之内他就去世了。我给了他妻子我两个月的工资。我再也没见过这家人。)”和最后一段中“On the eighth floor of this building lived a woman who was also in her seventies. The elevator was broken. Step by step, Granddad climbed up seven flights of stairs and knocked on her door. According to the investigation that followed, the woman was shocked. She said it had been decades since she and Granddad had seen each other, but she knew who he was right away.( 这座大楼的八层住着一位同样七十多岁的女士。电梯坏了。爷爷一步步爬上七层楼梯，敲了她的门。根据后来的调查，那位女士当时非常震惊。她说，她和爷爷已经几十年没见面了，但她一眼就认出了他。)”可知，前店主去世后，爷爷主动给店主妻子送去两个月的工资报恩；晚年不顾身体风险也要去见数十年未见的旧人，都体现了他重情重义的特质。由此可推知，作者的爷爷是一个意志坚定且重情义的人。 （B） Succeed Again with a University of Maryland Global Campus Online Program University of Maryland Global Campus (UMGC) was founded specifically to serve the higher education needs of working adults and service members. UMGC’s online classes offer you the flexibility and convenience to demonstrate and master skills at your own pace, on your own time, while enabling you to make the personal connections that create a rewarding and enjoyable learning experience. Ready to Get Started? UMGC makes it easy to apply online, work with an admissions advisor, explore financial aid options, and register for classes. Take the next step in achieving your goals by applying to UMGC today. Please Note: Students who have provided alternative documentation such as military documents, thirty transferable credits or HS attestation for admissibility may be required to provide official high school transcripts or other documentation to determine eligibility for Title IV financial aid. For Regular Applicants: A copy of your transcript(s) to document your prior education experience, including degrees held, dates of attendance, and previously earned credits that might transfer into UMGC. For Military Affiliated and Veteran Applicants: Documents showing your estimated separation date if you are currently serving, your separation date if you are no longer serving, and your current status (service member, spouse, or dependent child, or separated/retired from military service). If you don’t have these documents handy, that’s okay! Please continue to fill out your application. We encourage you to reach out if you have questions or need assistance. Call us: 866-642-8642. Find out UMGC’s requirements for admission to the university. If you have a U.S. high school diploma or GED, or you graduated from a U.S. college or university, you qualify for undergraduate admission at University of Maryland Global Campus, at the bachelor’s degree or undergraduate certificate level. If you hold a bachelor’s degree from a regionally accredited degree-granting university or college, you qualify for graduate admission at the master’s degree or graduate certificate level. Get started at UMGC with rolling admissions and flexible session dates. Ready to start the next chapter in your education journey and succeed on your terms at University of Maryland Global Campus? We have all the rules, requirements, and dates outlined so that you can make an informed decision and plan your next success. 40. According to the passage, which of the following applicants qualifies for undergraduate admission at UMGC? A. A student who has completed 30 transferable credits but no high school diploma. B. A student who holds a bachelor’s degree from a regionally accredited university. C. A student who has a U.S. high school diploma or GED. D. A student who provides military documents instead of high school transcripts. 41. What does the passage suggest about applicants who do not have their documents ready? A. They should wait until they find all documents before applying. B. They can still complete the application and ask for help if needed. C. They are required to call the admissions office for a special form. D. They must provide official high school transcripts first. 42. What can be inferred about UMGC’s admission process? A. It only accepts students with a bachelor’s degree. B. It has specific requirements for military-affiliated applicants. C. It does not accept transfer credits from other institutions. D. It requires all applicants to take an entrance exam. 【答案】40. C 41. B 42. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍马里兰大学全球校区（UMGC）线上课程优势、申请流程、不同申请者所需材料以及本科和研究生入学资格条件。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据Find out UMGC’s requirements for admission to the university.部分“If you have a U.S. high school diploma or GED, or you graduated from a U.S. college or university, you qualify for undergraduate admission at University of Maryland Global Campus, at the bachelor’s degree or undergraduate certificate level.(如果你拥有美国高中文凭或同等学力证书GED，或是美国高校毕业生，即可申请马里兰大学全球校区的本科阶段课程、学士学位或本科证书项目。)”可知，拥有美国高中文凭或GED的学生具备本科申请资格。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据For Military Affiliated and Veteran Applicants:部分“If you don’t have these documents handy, that’s okay! Please continue to fill out your application. We encourage you to reach out if you have questions or need assistance.(如果暂时没有准备好相关材料也没关系！可以继续填写申请表。遇到问题或需要帮助时，可以主动联系校方。)”可知，材料未备齐的申请者仍可完成申请，有需求能够寻求帮助。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据For Military Affiliated and Veteran Applicants:部分“Documents showing your estimated separation date if you are currently serving, your separation date if you are no longer serving, and your current status (service member, spouse, or dependent child, or separated/retired from military service).(现役人员需提供预计退役日期证明、已退伍人员需提供退役日期证明，以及本人身份材料（现役军人、军人配偶、受抚养子女、退役军人等）。)”可知，UMGC针对军人相关申请者设置了专属材料要求。 （C） Are sugar substitutes healthier than the real thing? The promise of sugar substitutes is simple: found in everything from yogurts to toothpaste, they claim to let people gorge on sweet treats without piling on weight and the tooth decay caused by sugar-loving bacteria. Now a growing body of research is suggesting that these substances may have surprisingly bitter consequences. Sugar substitutes are a mixed sachet. They include synthetic concoctions (such as aspartame, saccharin and sucralose) and substances derived from plants, including a family of carbohydrates known as sugar alcohols (such as erythritol, maltitol, sorbitol and xylitol) and stevia. Some strike the human tongue as hundreds of times sweeter than sugar, so are added in tiny amounts to foods and drinks. These small quantities, combined with the observation that many are excreted largely unchanged, have led to the assumption that they pass through the human body without affecting metabolism. Things may not be so simple. In some randomised controlled trials (typically lasting 4-12 weeks) substituting other sweeteners for sugars did admittedly result in lower weight gain. But a number of large, long-term observational studies have found the opposite: people with higher consumption of sugar substitutes — some of whom may be using these to replace sugar in their diets — end up putting on more weight than those who consume the least. Other studies show that they also end up with higher rates of heart problems, diabetes and cancer than abstainers. Proving causality through such observational studies is difficult, as it would involve accounting for all the ways in which people who eat lots of sugar substitutes are different from those who do not. It could be, for example, that some consumers of these sweeteners are people who are already at high risk for diabetes or heart disease and looking to eat more healthily. Even without a smoking gun, however, the overall body of research was concerning enough to prompt the World Health Organisation to issue, in 2023, precautionary advice against the use of sugar substitutes as a means to control weight or prevent chronic diseases. (The advice does not apply to people with diabetes.) There are plenty of hypotheses concerning how sugar substitutes could be causing harm. Some of these substances have been found to activate the same harmful gut and metabolic signalling mechanisms as sugar, and some studies in mice suggest that they could be affecting the function of immune cells involved in preventing the growth of tumours. Emerging evidence also suggests that they can affect the relative abundance of various gut bacteria, potentially tipping the scales in favour of harmful species. There are lots of open questions to be answered regarding the safety of sugar substitutes, says Herbert Tilg from the Medical University of Innsbruck, in Austria, but these studies are raising the level of concern. 43. What does the phrase “a mixed sachet” in paragraph 2 most likely mean? A. A small package containing different sweeteners. B. A mixture of both benefits and risks. C. A group of substances with various origins and properties. D. A collection of synthetic chemicals only. 44. Why does the author mention randomised controlled trials and long-term observational studies in paragraph 3? A. To prove that sugar substitutes are completely safe. B. To show the contradiction between short-term and long-term findings. C. To explain how sugar substitutes affect gut bacteria. D. To recommend sugar substitutes for weight loss. 45. What can be inferred about the World Health Organisation’s advice on sugar substitutes? A. It is based on solid proof of direct harm. B. It applies to all people, including diabetics. C. It is a caution based on concerning but not conclusive evidence. D. It strongly recommends using natural sweeteners instead. 46. According to the last two paragraphs, what is a possible mechanism by which sugar substitutes could cause harm? A. They directly kill immune cells in the gut. B. They change the balance of gut bacteria in favour of harmful ones. C. They are absorbed into the blood and damage the heart. D. They make people eat more sugar than before. 【答案】43. C 44. B 45. C 46. B 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕糖替代品是否比天然食糖更健康展开探讨，介绍糖替代品的种类，对比短期对照试验与长期观察研究得出的相反结论，列举糖替代品潜在危害机制，并说明世卫组织基于现有研究发布预防性慎用建议。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段画线短语“a mixed sachet”后面的“They include synthetic concoctions (such as aspartame, saccharin and sucralose) and substances derived from plants, including a family of carbohydrates known as sugar alcohols (such as erythritol, maltitol, sorbitol and xylitol) and stevia.(它们包括合成混合物（如阿斯巴甜、糖精和三氯蔗糖）以及植物提取物质，包括一类被称为糖醇的碳水化合物（如赤藓糖醇、麦芽糖醇、山梨糖醇和木糖醇）和甜菊糖。)”可知，糖替代品既有人工合成的，也有植物提取的，种类和来源各异，可推断画线短语指一组来源和性质各不相同的物质。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In some randomised controlled trials (typically lasting 4-12 weeks) substituting other sweeteners for sugars did admittedly result in lower weight gain. But a number of large, long-term observational studies have found the opposite: people with higher consumption of sugar substitutes — some of whom may be using these to replace sugar in their diets — end up putting on more weight than those who consume the least.(一些随机对照试验（周期通常4至12周）证实，用甜味剂替代糖分确实可以减缓体重增长。但多项大规模长期观察研究却得出截然相反的结论：大量食用糖替代品的人群，其中一部分人试图用糖替代品替换饮食中的糖分，他们的体重增幅最终反而高于很少食用糖替代品的人。)”可推知，短期试验显示糖替代品有助于控制体重，而长期研究却得出相反结论，作者提及两者是为了展示短期发现与长期发现之间的矛盾。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Even without a smoking gun, however, the overall body of research was concerning enough to prompt the World Health Organisation to issue, in 2023, precautionary advice against the use of sugar substitutes as a means to control weight or prevent chronic diseases.(然而，即使没有确凿证据，整体研究也足以令人担忧，促使世界卫生组织在2023年发布预防性建议，反对将糖替代品作为控制体重或预防慢性病的手段。)”可知，WHO的建议是基于令人担忧但尚未定论的证据而提出的谨慎预防。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Emerging evidence also suggests that they can affect the relative abundance of various gut bacteria, potentially tipping the scales in favour of harmful species.(新兴证据还表明，它们可能影响各种肠道细菌的相对丰度，潜在地使天平向有害菌种倾斜。)”可知，糖替代品可能通过改变肠道菌群的平衡，使有害菌种占据优势，从而造成伤害。 Section C (4%) Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then choose the sentences that can be filled into the blanks. Note there are two more sentences than can be used. AI Cats and Micro-Dramas: The High-Stakes Battle for Eyeballs In the animated series “Orange Cat Taoist Priest: Fighting the Zombie King”, a tabby (斑猫) in a flowing robe battles a pack of vicious, undead kittens. These cat adventures come in dozens of two-minute episodes, or micro-dramas — a form of entertainment that combines traditional TV shows with scrollable social-media posts. ____47____ The Taoist master cat has attracted half a million views. China’s entertainment industry has been shaken by micro-forms. Total time spent watching longer dramas fell by 15% year on year in January, while viewing time on Red Fruit, a micro-drama app owned by ByteDance (the firm behind Douyin), more than doubled. The business model is based on aggressively cutting costs. The live-action versions use amateur actors and bare-bones sets, but they are being undercut by new AI-animation tools. The proliferation of these in the past year has enabled production costs to be cut by up to 90%, reckon analysts at HSBC, and leading industry insiders say the volume of live-action dramas filmed in some regions has shrunk by 80% while actors’ already meagre pay has been cut by half. ____48____ But the AI type faces headwinds (逆风). Since April 1st, regulators have required that all animated micro-series not already approved for streaming be removed from online platforms. New series, they say, must file for approval before being released online. The model’s other problems are also becoming clearer. One is excessive competition. China has produced so many AI micro-dramas that, despite their tight budgets, fewer and fewer get sufficient views to make money. ____49____ It is hard for people to form sentimental attachments to micro-drama characters; as viewers, they are less loyal. ____50____ One of them, Alibaba, has launched a new season of a long-form animated series called “The Demon Hunter”. It has more than 10m followers. In the epic battle for eyeballs, longer dramas may still stand a chance. A. AI-animated soap operas featuring talking cats may sound wild but have become a big hit in China. B. However, most viewers still prefer traditional long-form dramas for their emotional depth. C. The success of AI micro-dramas has led to a sharp increase in advertising revenue for streaming platforms. D. One producer says that in early April he knew only a few non-AI-animated micro-dramas being shown in China. E. Another problem is the very nature of this entertainment. F. China’s tech giants are trying to adapt. 【答案】47. A 48. D 49. E 50. F 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍AI微短剧凭借低成本快速走红抢占用户时长，却面临监管、竞争、用户忠诚度低等问题，长剧集仍有竞争优势。 【47题详解】 根据上文“In the animated series “Orange Cat Taoist Priest: Fighting the Zombie King”, a tabby (斑猫) in a flowing robe battles a pack of vicious, undead kittens. These cat adventures come in dozens of two-minute episodes, or micro-dramas — a form of entertainment that combines traditional TV shows with scrollable social-media posts.(在动画系列《橙猫道士：对抗僵尸之王》中，一只身披长袍的斑猫与一群凶残的不死小猫展开激战。这些猫咪冒险故事以数十集两分钟短剧的形式呈现，即“微剧”——一种将传统电视剧与可滚动的社交媒体帖子相结合的娱乐形式)”以及后文“The Taoist master cat has attracted half a million views. China’s entertainment industry has been shaken by micro-forms. Total time spent watching longer dramas fell by 15% year on year in January, while viewing time on Red Fruit, a micro-drama app owned by ByteDance (the firm behind Douyin), more than doubled.(这位道教大师猫吸引了50万次观看。中国娱乐行业因微剧形式而受到冲击。1月份，人们观看长剧的总时长同比下降了15%，而由字节跳动（抖音母公司）推出的微剧应用“红果”上的观看时长则增长了一倍多)”可知，空后提到道士猫动画获得50万播放量、微短剧平台观看时长翻倍，A项“以会说话的猫为主角的AI动画肥皂剧听起来或许有些离奇，却在中国大受欢迎”点明以会说话的猫为主题的AI动画微短剧爆火，可衔接前文的猫主题微短剧案例与后文的火爆数据。 【48题详解】 根据上文“The business model is based on aggressively cutting costs. The live-action versions use amateur actors and bare-bones sets, but they are being undercut by new AI-animation tools. The proliferation of these in the past year has enabled production costs to be cut by up to 90%, reckon analysts at HSBC, and leading industry insiders say the volume of live-action dramas filmed in some regions has shrunk by 80% while actors’ already meagre pay has been cut by half.(商业模式以大幅削减成本为基础。真人版剧集使用业余演员和简陋的布景，但如今正遭到新型AI动画工具的市场挤压。汇丰银行分析师认为，过去一年中这类技术的普及使制作成本最多降低了90%；业内资深人士表示，一些地区拍摄的真人剧集数量已减少80%，而演员本就微薄的薪酬也减半了)”可知，空前提及AI工具大幅压缩微短剧制作成本、真人微短剧产量和演员薪酬骤降，D项“一位制片人表示，四月初时他只知道中国有少数几部非AI动画的微短剧在播出”举例说明四月初国内上线的非AI动画微短剧已所剩无几，是对AI微短剧挤压传统真人微短剧市场的佐证。 【49题详解】 根据上文“But the AI type faces headwinds (逆风). Since April 1st, regulators have required that all animated micro-series not already approved for streaming be removed from online platforms. New series, they say, must file for approval before being released online. The model’s other problems are also becoming clearer. One is excessive competition. China has produced so many AI micro-dramas that, despite their tight budgets, fewer and fewer get sufficient views to make money.(但AI类型作品正面临逆风。自4月1日起，监管机构要求所有尚未获得上线播放许可的动画微剧必须从线上平台下架。他们表示，新剧在上线前必须先申请获批。该模式的其他问题也日益显现，其中之一是过度竞争。中国已制作了大量AI微剧，尽管预算紧张，但能获得足够观看量并盈利的作品却越来越少)”以及后文“It is hard for people to form sentimental attachments to micro-drama characters; as viewers, they are less loyal.(人们很难对微短剧中的角色产生情感依恋，作为观众，他们往往不够忠诚)”可知，空前提到AI微短剧面临的第一个问题是过度竞争，空后指出观众很难对微短剧角色产生情感依恋、忠诚度低，E项“另一个问题是这类娱乐形式的本质”可顺畅衔接前后两个并列的问题。 【50题详解】 根据后文“One of them, Alibaba, has launched a new season of a long-form animated series called “The Demon Hunter”. It has more than 10m followers. In the epic battle for eyeballs, longer dramas may still stand a chance.(其中一家，阿里巴巴，推出了名为《猎魔人》的长篇动画系列新一季。该系列拥有超过1000万粉丝。在争夺观众眼球的激烈竞争中，长篇剧集仍有机会脱颖而出)”可知，空后列举阿里推出长篇动画剧集的案例，F项“中国的科技巨头正试图适应这一变化”点明中国科技巨头正尝试调整布局，可引出后文企业的具体应对举措，呼应文末长剧仍有机会的结论。 IV. Summary writing (10%) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. As a child, I was regularly told off for swinging on my chair, and fidgeting through story time. Eventually, I learned to resist the desire to fidget. Today, I can sit still for hours with barely a shuffle. It turns out, however, that I may have been better-off before. Let s dig a bit more into the science. Fidgeting is defined as moving or acting impatiently or nervously. However, James Levine, a professor of medicine at the Mayo Clinic, says it is better defined as a neurologically programmed rhythmic-movement of a body part. In other words, the fidget factor is an outward sign of a natural desire to move. While no evidence shows that fidgeting directly leads to a longer life, studies have shown fidgeting can help. For one, fidgeting may help us cope with stress. In one study, volunteers were put in a stressful situation, a simulated job interview followed by a mental arithmetic (算术) task. Researchers found those who fidgeted by displaying “displacement behavior,” such as scratching, biting their lips or touching their face, found the experience less stressful. Meanwhile, fidgeting may also help lower some of the other risks that come with a sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle. Feet tapping while sitting, for example, can protect the arteries (动脉) in-legs-and potentially help prevent related diseases. “If you’re sedentary, that’s not good for you. But if you’re sedentary and fidget, it reduces your risk of long-term ill health,” says Janet Cade at the University of Leeds. The findings raise questions about whether the way we perceive people who fidget should change. Fidgeting is often seen as rude or an indication that someone is not paying attention. But if these simple movements are good for our health, maybe they should be indulged. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 I was told not to fidget in my childhood, but these small movements carry benefits. Defined as restless movement, fidgeting actually reflects our natural urge to move. Fidgeting may relieve stress and promote longevity as simple movement mitigates the diseases associated with a sedentary lifestyle. Therefore, we should shift our attitude and recognize its hidden health value in these actions. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说小时候作者被告知不要动来动去，但这些细微的动作其实有益健康。所谓“小动作”，即不安的肢体活动，实际上反映了我们天生的运动欲望。适度的小动作有助于缓解压力，并延长寿命，因为简单的活动可以减轻久坐生活方式带来的各种疾病。因此，我们应该转变观念，认识到这些行为背后隐藏的健康价值。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ①As a child, I was regularly told off for swinging on my chair, and fidgeting through story time. It turns out, however, that I may have been better-off before. ②Fidgeting is defined as moving or acting impatiently or nervously. However, James Levine, a professor of medicine at the Mayo Clinic, says it is better defined as a neurologically programmed rhythmic-movement of a body part. In other words, the fidget factor is an outward sign of a natural desire to move. ③For one, fidgeting may help us cope with stress. ④Meanwhile, fidgeting may also help lower some of the other risks that come with a sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle. But if you’re sedentary and fidget, it reduces your risk of long-term ill health,” says Janet Cade at the University of Leeds. ⑤The findings raise questions about whether the way we perceive people who fidget should change. Fidgeting is often seen as rude or an indication that someone is not paying attention. But if these simple movements are good for our health, maybe they should be indulged. 2. 缜密构思：将第1个要点进行综述，将第2、3、4、5四个要点进行分论。 3. 遣词造句： I was told not to fidget in my childhood, but these small movements carry benefits. Defined as restless movement, fidgeting actually reflects our natural urge to move. Fidgeting may relieve stress and promote longevity as simple movement mitigates the diseases associated with a sedentary lifestyle. Therefore, we should shift our attitude and recognize its hidden health value in these actions. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Defined as restless movement, fidgeting actually reflects our natural urge to move. (运用了现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】Fidgeting may relieve stress and promote longevity as simple movement mitigates the diseases associated with a sedentary lifestyle. (运用了as引导原因状语从句) 第 II 卷 (14 分) V. Translation (3+3+4+4) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 广告使我们确信，离开了某些特定的产品我们就无法生活，并暗示我们这些产品能改变我们的生活。（课文默写句）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________ 【答案】Advertisements convinced us that we couldn’t live without certain products and implied to us that these things could change our lives. 【解析】 【详解】“广告”表泛指，用可数名词复数Advertisements作主语，句首大写；表示“使确信”为动词convince；后接that引导的宾语从句，在该宾语从句中，表示“无法生活”应为动词短语can’t live；表示“离开了某些特定的产品”应为介词短语without certain products；后接and连接的并列谓语动词的并列结构，表示“暗示我们”为动词短语imply to us；后接that引导的宾语从句，从句中，表示“这些产品”为名词these things；表示“能改变我们的生活”应为动词短语can change our lives；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。 53. 就即将到来的暑假而言，设定清晰的学业目标是提升学习效率的关键。(terms, key) （汉译英） _______________________________________________________ 【答案】In terms of the upcoming summer vacation, setting clear academic goals is the key to boosting study efficiency. 【解析】 【详解】陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时。“就……而言”对应短语In terms of；“即将到来的暑假”对应英文the upcoming summer vacation；“设定清晰的学业目标”对应英文setting clear academic goals，动名词短语作句子主语；“是”应用be，主语为动名词短语，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式is，“……的关键”用固定搭配the key to；介词to后接动名词形式，“提升学习效率”对应英文boosting study efficiency。 54. 他过去常常认为朋友的理解和支持是理所应当的，但是直到失去后才意识到其难能可贵。（grant, until）(汉译英) _______________________________________________________ 【答案】He used to take it for granted that friends should understand and support him, but he didn’t realize their value until he lost them. 【解析】 【详解】“过去常常”表达为固定短语used to do；“认为……理所应当”使用常见句型take it for granted that...，形式宾语it指代后面that引导的宾语从句，“朋友的理解和支持”译为宾语从句friends should understand and support him；“直到……才”用固定句型not...until... ，“直到失去”表达为时间状语从句until he lost them；“意识到”表达为动词realize，句子描述过去发生的动作，时态用一般过去时，结合句型“才意识到”表达为didn’t realize；“难能可贵”可理解为“这些情谊的价值”，用名词短语their value。 55. 虽然屏蔽干扰绝非易事，但能抵御诱惑、凝神聚力于当务之急的人，最终总能重回正轨。(channel) （汉译英） _______________________________________________________ 【答案】Although it is difficult to eliminate/block out/rule out/avoid/reject the distractions, those who can resist the temptation and channel their energy into what truly matters will always get back on track in the end. 【解析】 【详解】根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“虽然屏蔽干扰绝非易事”应用Although it is difficult to eliminate/block out/rule out/avoid/reject the distractions，时态用一般现在时表客观情况，although引导让步状语从句；表示“能抵御诱惑、凝神聚力于当务之急的人”应用those who can resist the temptation and channel their energy into what truly matters，who引导定语从句修饰those，使用指定动词channel，channel one’s energy into…为固定搭配，表示“把精力集中于……”，what引导宾语从句作介词into的宾语；表示“最终总能重回正轨”应用will always get back on track in the end，用一般将来时表示将来发生的事情。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $