内容正文:
译林版 选必4 Unit 2 Understanding each other.词汇同步笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
react vi. (对…)作出反应;有不良反应,过敏;起化学反应
过去式/过去分词:reacted
reaction n. 反应;reactive adj. 反应性的
1. react to(对……作出反应)2. react with(与……起反应)
She reacted calmly to the unexpected news.(她对这个意外消息反应平静。)
2
gentle adj. 温柔的;温和的;柔和的
比较级:gentler;最高级:gentlest
gently adv. 温柔地;gentleness n. 温柔
1. gentle manner(温柔的态度)2. gentle wind(和风)
He has a gentle voice that makes people feel at ease.(他的声音温柔,让人感到安心。)
3
encode vt. 把…编码;把…译成电码(或密码)
过去式/过去分词:encoded
encoding n. 编码;encoded adj. 编码的
1. encode information(编码信息)2. encode data(编码数据)
The computer encodes the text before sending it.(计算机在发送文本前对其进行编码。)
4
mail n. 电子邮件;邮政;邮件
复数:mails
mailbox n. 邮箱;mailman n. 邮递员
1. send mail(发送邮件)2. by mail(通过邮政)
I received an important mail from my teacher.(我收到了老师发来的一封重要邮件。)
5
decode vt. 解(码),破译(尤指密码)
过去式/过去分词:decoded
decoding n. 解码;decoder n. 解码器
1. decode a message(破译信息)2. decode data(解码数据)
Experts spent weeks decoding the ancient manuscript.(专家们花了数周时间破译这份古代手稿。)
6
feedback n. 反馈的意见(或信息)
不可数
无
1. give feedback(提供反馈)2. receive feedback(收到反馈)
The teacher gave detailed feedback on our essays.(老师对我们的作文给出了详细的反馈。)
7
competent adj. 足以胜任的,有能力的,称职的
比较级:more competent;最高级:most competent
competence n. 能力;competently adv. 胜任地
1. be competent for(胜任……)2. be competent in(在……方面有能力)
She is competent in handling all kinds of tasks.(她有能力处理各种任务。)
8
obtain vt. 获得,赢得
过去式/过去分词:obtained
obtainment n. 获得;obtainable adj. 可获得的
1. obtain knowledge(获取知识)2. obtain success(获得成功)
He obtained his degree after four years of hard work.(经过四年努力,他获得了学位。)
9
suit vt. 满足需要;相配,合身;n. 套装,西装,西服
过去式/过去分词:suited;复数:suits
suitable adj. 合适的;suitably adv. 合适地
1. suit sb.'s needs(满足某人的需求)2. a business suit(西装)
This dress suits you perfectly.(这条裙子非常适合你。)
10
negotiate vi. & vt. 谈判;商定,达成(协议)
过去式/过去分词:negotiated
negotiation n. 谈判;negotiator n. 谈判者
1. negotiate with sb.(与某人谈判)2. negotiate an agreement(达成协议)
The two companies are negotiating a new contract.(两家公司正在谈判一份新合同。)
11
enterprise n. 公司,企业;规划,事业
复数:enterprises
entrepreneur n. 企业家;entrepreneurial adj. 创业的
1. private enterprise(私营企业)2. a joint enterprise(联合事业)
The small enterprise has developed rapidly in recent years.(这家小企业近年来发展迅速。)
12
straightforward adj. 坦诚的;简单的
比较级:more straightforward;最高级:most straightforward
straightforwardly adv. 坦诚地;简单地
1. a straightforward answer(坦诚的回答)2. straightforward task(简单的任务)
He gave a straightforward explanation of the problem.(他对这个问题给出了简单明了的解释。)
13
fold vt. 折叠,对折;包,裹;n. 褶,褶层,折叠部分
过去式/过去分词:folded;复数:folds
foldable adj. 可折叠的;folding adj. 折叠式的
1. fold clothes(叠衣服)2. a fold in the paper(纸上的褶皱)
She folded the letter carefully and put it in the envelope.(她仔细折好信,放进了信封。)
14
friction n. 争执;摩擦;摩擦力
不可数
frictional adj. 摩擦的;frictionless adj. 无摩擦的
1. cause friction(引发争执)2. friction between two sides(双方之间的摩擦)
There is some friction between the two departments.(两个部门之间存在一些争执。)
15
clarify vt. 使更清晰易懂,阐明
过去式/过去分词:clarified
clarification n. 阐明;clarified adj. 澄清的
1. clarify a misunderstanding(澄清误解)2. clarify the rules(阐明规则)
The teacher clarified the difficult points in the lesson.(老师阐明了课程中的难点。)
16
knowledgeable adj. 博学的,有见识的
比较级:more knowledgeable;最高级:most knowledgeable
knowledge n. 知识;knowingly adv. 故意地
1. knowledgeable about(对……有见识)2. a knowledgeable expert(博学的专家)
She is knowledgeable about world history.(她对世界历史很有见识。)
17
empathy n. 同感,共鸣,同情
不可数
empathize vi. 产生共鸣;empathic adj. 有共鸣的
1. feel empathy for(对……有共鸣)2. show empathy(表达同情)
She felt deep empathy for the homeless children.(她对无家可归的孩子深表同情。)
18
put yourself in sb's shoes 处于某人的境地,设身处地
无词形变化
无
1. put yourself in others' shoes(换位思考)2. try to put yourself in his shoes(试着设身处地为他着想)
If you put yourself in her shoes, you'll understand her choice.(如果你设身处地为她着想,就会理解她的选择。)
19
sympathy n. 同情;赞同
不可数
sympathize vi. 同情;sympathetic adj. 同情的
1. express sympathy(表达同情)2. in sympathy with(赞同)
People around the world expressed sympathy for the disaster victims.(世界各地的人们向灾民表达了同情。)
20
account for sth 是…的说明(或原因);(数量上、比例上)占
无词形变化
无
1. account for the accident(解释事故原因)2. account for 30%(占30%)
The bad weather accounted for the delay of the flight.(恶劣天气是航班延误的原因。)
21
empathize vi. 有同感,产生共鸣
过去式/过去分词:empathized
empathy n. 共鸣;empathic adj. 共情的
1. empathize with(与……产生共鸣)2. easily empathize(容易共情)
I can empathize with her struggle to learn a new language.(我能共情她学习新语言的艰难。)
22
approve vi. & vt. 赞成;批准,通过(计划、要求等)
过去式/过去分词:approved
approval n. 批准;approved adj. 批准的
1. approve a plan(批准计划)2. approve of(赞同)
The manager approved our request for a vacation.(经理批准了我们的休假申请。)
23
approve of 赞成,赞同
无词形变化
无
1. approve of sb.'s decision(赞同某人的决定)2. not approve of smoking(不赞成吸烟)
Her parents don't approve of her staying out late.(她父母不赞成她熬夜。)
24
tone n. 语气,腔调;风格,特色
复数:tones
tonal adj. 音调的;tone down(缓和语气)
1. friendly tone(友好的语气)2. the tone of a book(一本书的风格)
He spoke in a calm tone to calm everyone down.(他用平静的语气说话,让大家冷静下来。)
25
gain vt. & vi. 获得;增进,增长;(从中)受益;n. 好处,利益
过去式/过去分词:gained;复数:gains
gainful adj. 有收益的;gainfully adv. 有收益地
1. gain experience(积累经验)2. gain from(从……中受益)
She gained a lot of confidence from the successful project.(从这个成功的项目中,她收获了很多自信。)
26
gesture n. 手势,姿势;姿态,表示;vi. & vt. 做手势,用手势表示
过去式/过去分词:gestured;复数:gestures
gestural adj. 手势的;gesticulate vi. 做手势
1. make a gesture(做手势)2. a gesture of kindness(善意的表示)
He gestured to me to follow him into the room.(他做手势让我跟他进房间。)
27
precisely adv. 准确地,恰好地,细心地;正是,确实
无比较级/最高级
precise adj. 精确的;precision n. 精确性
1. precisely correct(完全正确)2. at precisely 3 o'clock(恰好在3点)
That's precisely what I want to say.(这正是我想说的。)
28
vocabulary n. 词汇,词汇量
复数:vocabularies
vocabular adj. 词汇的;vocabulary-building(词汇积累)
1. enlarge vocabulary(扩大词汇量)2. basic vocabulary(基础词汇)
Reading widely is a good way to improve vocabulary.(广泛阅读是提高词汇量的好方法。)
29
preference n. 偏爱;偏爱的事物
复数:preferences
prefer vt. 偏爱;preferable adj. 更可取的
1. personal preference(个人偏爱)2. preference for(偏爱……)
She has a preference for classical music.(她偏爱古典音乐。)
30
jam n. 果酱;拥挤,堵塞
复数:jams
jammed adj. 堵塞的;jamming n. 堵塞
1. strawberry jam(草莓酱)2. traffic jam(交通堵塞)
We were stuck in a traffic jam for an hour.(我们陷入交通堵塞长达一小时。)
31
somewhat adv. 有点,有几分,稍微
无比较级/最高级
无
1. somewhat tired(有点累)2. somewhat difficult(有几分困难)
The task is somewhat more difficult than I expected.(这项任务比我预想的有点难。)
32
taboo n. 禁忌,忌讳;禁止,避讳
复数:taboos
taboo adj. 禁忌的;forbidden adj. 禁止的(同义)
1. cultural taboo(文化禁忌)2. a taboo topic(禁忌话题)
In some cultures, it's a taboo to talk about age.(在一些文化中,谈论年龄是禁忌。)
33
embarrassed adj. 窘迫的,尴尬的;拮据的
比较级:more embarrassed;最高级:most embarrassed
embarrass vt. 使尴尬;embarrassment n. 尴尬
1. feel embarrassed(感到尴尬)2. embarrassed smile(尴尬的微笑)
He felt embarrassed when he forgot her name.(他忘记了她的名字,感到很尴尬。)
34
intention n. 意图,计划
复数:intentions
intend vt. 打算;intent adj. 故意的
1. good intention(善意)2. with the intention of(怀着……的意图)
She has no intention of giving up her dream.(她没有放弃梦想的打算。)
35
correspond vi. 类似于;相一致,符合;通信
过去式/过去分词:corresponded
correspondence n. 通信;corresponding adj. 相应的
1. correspond with(与……通信)2. correspond to(与……一致)
Her actions correspond with her words.(她言行一致。)
36
behave vi. & vt. 表现得体,有礼貌;表现
过去式/过去分词:behaved
behavior n. 行为;behavioural adj. 行为的
1. behave well(表现得体)2. behave oneself(守规矩)
The children behaved well during the visit to the museum.(孩子们在参观博物馆时表现得很好。)
37
tolerate vt. 容许,允许;忍受,容忍;能经受
过去式/过去分词:tolerated
tolerance n. 容忍;tolerant adj. 宽容的
1. tolerate noise(忍受噪音)2. tolerate different opinions(容忍不同意见)
She can't tolerate cold weather.(她受不了寒冷的天气。)
38
kindergarten n. 学前班;幼儿园
复数:kindergartens
无
1. go to kindergarten(上幼儿园)2. kindergarten teacher(幼儿园老师)
Her son started kindergarten when he was four.(她儿子四岁时开始上幼儿园。)
39
recite vt. 吟诵;列举
过去式/过去分词:recited
recitation n. 背诵;reciter n. 背诵者
1. recite a poem(吟诵诗歌)2. recite numbers(列举数字)
The student recited the ancient poem fluently.(这个学生流利地吟诵了这首古诗。)
40
accent n. 口音,腔调;重音;着重点,强调
复数:accents
accented adj. 带口音的;accentuate vt. 强调
1. British accent(英式口音)2. stress accent(重音)
She speaks English with a slight Chinese accent.(她说英语带有一点中国口音。)
41
handwriting n. 手写,书写;笔迹,书法
不可数
handwrite vt. 手写;handwritten adj. 手写的
1. good handwriting(好书法)2. recognize sb.'s handwriting(认出某人的笔迹)
His handwriting is clear and easy to read.(他的字迹清晰易读。)
42
fluent adj. (尤指外语)流利的,熟练的
比较级:more fluent;最高级:most fluent
fluently adv. 流利地;fluency n. 流利度
1. fluent in English(英语流利)2. speak fluent French(说一口流利的法语)
She is fluent in three foreign languages.(她能流利地说三门外语。)
43
cooperate vi. 合作,协作;协助,配合
过去式/过去分词:cooperated
cooperation n. 合作;cooperative adj. 合作的
1. cooperate with sb.(与某人合作)2. cooperate on a project(合作项目)
All team members must cooperate to complete the task.(所有团队成员必须合作完成任务。)
44
cite vt. 提及,列举;引用,引述
过去式/过去分词:cited
citation n. 引用;引证
1. cite examples(列举例子)2. cite a famous author(引用著名作家的话)
The professor cited several studies to support his view.(教授引用了几项研究来支持他的观点。)
45
broaden one's mind 拓展视野,开阔眼界
无词形变化
无
1. broaden one's mind by traveling(通过旅行拓展视野)2. reading broadens the mind(阅读开阔眼界)
Studying abroad can greatly broaden your mind.(出国留学能极大地拓展你的视野。)
46
tofu n. 豆腐
不可数
无
1. mapo tofu(麻婆豆腐)2. fried tofu(炸豆腐)
Tofu is a common ingredient in Chinese cuisine.(豆腐是中国菜中常见的食材。)
47
bacon n. 咸猪肉,熏猪肉
不可数
无
1. fried bacon(煎培根)2. bacon and eggs(培根煎蛋)
She had bacon and eggs for breakfast this morning.(她今天早上吃了培根煎蛋当早餐。)
48
tank n. 坦克;(存放液体或气体的)罐
复数:tanks
tanker n. 油轮;坦克手
1. water tank(水箱)2. military tank(军用坦克)
The farmer built a large tank to store rainwater.(这位农民建了一个大水箱储存雨水。)
49
golf n. 高尔夫球运动
不可数
golfer n. 高尔夫球手;golf course(高尔夫球场)
1. play golf(打高尔夫球)2. golf club(高尔夫俱乐部)
He goes to play golf with his friends every weekend.(他每个周末都和朋友去打高尔夫球。)
50
integrate vt. & vi. (使)合并;(使)加入
过去式/过去分词:integrated
integration n. 整合;integrated adj. 综合的
1. integrate into(融入)2. integrate two companies(合并两家公司)
She quickly integrated into the new team.(她很快融入了新团队。)
51
bilingual adj. 会说两种语言(写)的;用两种语言(写)的
无比较级/最高级
bilingualism n. 双语能力;bilingually adv. 双语地
1. bilingual education(双语教育)2. bilingual dictionary(双语词典)
This school provides bilingual education for students.(这所学校为学生提供双语教育。)
52
kung fu n. 功夫
不可数
无
1. Chinese kung fu(中国功夫)2. practice kung fu(练功夫)
He has been practicing kung fu since he was a child.(他从小就开始练功夫。)
53
oppose vt. 反对,抵制;与…对垒
过去式/过去分词:opposed
opposition n. 反对;opposed adj. 反对的
1. oppose a plan(反对一项计划)2. oppose sb.'s decision(反对某人的决定)
Many people oppose building a factory in the area.(很多人反对在这个地区建工厂。)
54
intervention n. 干涉行为,干预
复数:interventions
intervene vi. 干预;介入
1. government intervention(政府干预)2. timely intervention(及时干预)
The teacher's intervention stopped the fight between the two students.(老师的介入制止了两名学生之间的斗殴。)
55
pure adj. 纯净的;完全的
比较级:purer;最高级:purest
purely adv. 纯粹地;purity n. 纯净度
1. pure water(纯净水)2. pure luck(纯粹的运气)
The air in the mountain is fresh and pure.(山里的空气清新纯净。)
56
tribe n. 部落
复数:tribes
tribal adj. 部落的;tribesman n. 部落男子
1. ancient tribe(古代部落)2. tribal culture(部落文化)
The tribe has kept its traditional customs for centuries.(这个部落几个世纪以来一直保留着传统习俗。)
57
reject vt. 拒绝接受,不予考虑;不录用;排斥,排异
过去式/过去分词:rejected
rejection n. 拒绝;rejected adj. 被拒绝的
1. reject an application(拒绝申请)2. reject a proposal(拒绝提议)
His application for the job was rejected.(他的工作申请被拒绝了。)
58
pessimistic adj. 悲观的,悲观主义的
比较级:more pessimistic;最高级:most pessimistic
pessimism n. 悲观主义;pessimist n. 悲观主义者
1. be pessimistic about(对……悲观)2. pessimistic view(悲观的观点)
He is pessimistic about the future of the company.(他对公司的未来持悲观态度。)
59
Germanic adj. 日耳曼语的;德国的
无比较级/最高级
German n. 德国人;德语;Germany n. 德国
1. Germanic languages(日耳曼语族)2. Germanic culture(日耳曼文化)
English belongs to the Germanic language family.(英语属于日耳曼语族。)
60
linguist n. 语言学家;通晓数国语言的人
复数:linguists
linguistics n. 语言学;linguistic adj. 语言的
1. famous linguist(著名语言学家)2. applied linguist(应用语言学家)
The linguist spent years studying the origin of the language.(这位语言学家花了数年时间研究这种语言的起源。)
61
tendency n. 趋势,趋向;倾向,偏好
复数:tendencies
tend vi. 倾向于;tending adj. 趋向性的
1. upward tendency(上升趋势)2. tendency to do(做……的倾向)
There is a tendency for people to work longer hours now.(现在人们有工作时间更长的趋势。)
62
skateboard n. 滑板
复数:skateboards
skateboarding n. 滑板运动;skateboarder n. 滑板爱好者
1. ride a skateboard(玩滑板)2. electric skateboard(电动滑板)
The boy fell off his skateboard but wasn't hurt.(那个男孩从滑板上摔了下来,但没受伤。)
63
canteen n. 食堂,餐厅
复数:canteens
无
1. school canteen(学校食堂)2. company canteen(公司餐厅)
We usually have lunch in the school canteen.(我们通常在学校食堂吃午饭。)
64
sincerely adv. 真诚地,诚实地
无比较级/最高级
sincere adj. 真诚的;sincerity n. 真诚
1. sincerely hope(真诚希望)2. sincerely apologize(真诚道歉)
I sincerely hope you will recover soon.(我真诚地希望你早日康复。)
65
slip vi. 滑倒;滑落;溜;陷入;n. 差错;纸条;滑跤
过去式/过去分词:slipped;复数:slips
slippery adj. 滑的;slip-up n. 小差错
1. slip on ice(在冰上滑倒)2. a slip of the tongue(口误)
She slipped on the wet floor and hurt her knee.(她在湿地板上滑倒,伤到了膝盖。)
66
fence n. 栅栏,篱笆
复数:fences
fence vt. 用栅栏围;fenced adj. 有栅栏的
1. wooden fence(木栅栏)2. build a fence(建篱笆)
The garden is surrounded by a white fence.(花园被一道白色的栅栏围着。)
67
contest /'kɒntest/ n. 比赛,竞赛;争夺,竞争;/kən'test/ vt. 争取赢得;争辩,就…提出异议
过去式/过去分词:contested;复数:contests
contestant n. 参赛者;contestation n. 争论
1. singing contest(歌唱比赛)2. contest a decision(对决定提出异议)
She won first prize in the English speech contest.(她在英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。)
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