内容正文:
译林版 选必3 Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites.词汇同步词汇笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
heritage n. 遗产
不可数
hereditary adj. 遗传的;herit adj. 遗传的
1. cultural heritage(文化遗产)2. natural heritage(自然遗产)
Protecting cultural heritage is everyone’s responsibility.(保护文化遗产是每个人的责任。)
2
awe vt. 使惊叹,使敬畏;n. 敬畏,惊叹
过去式/过去分词:awed;不可数
awesome adj. 令人惊叹的;awestruck adj. 敬畏的
1. in awe of(对……敬畏)2. fill sb. with awe(使某人惊叹)
The grand canyon filled us with deep awe.(大峡谷让我们心生深深的敬畏。)
3
civilization (also civilisation) n. 文明;社会文明;文明社会,文明世界
复数:civilizations
civilize vt. 使文明;civilized adj. 文明的
1. ancient civilization(古代文明)2. modern civilization(现代文明)
The river valley gave birth to one of the world’s earliest civilizations.(这条河谷孕育了世界上最早的文明之一。)
4
preserve vt. 维护,保护,保存;维持
过去式/过去分词:preserved
preservation n. 保护;保存;preservative adj. 防腐的
1. preserve sth. from(保护某物免受)2. preserve tradition(传承传统)
We need to preserve these old buildings from damage.(我们需要保护这些老建筑免受损坏。)
5
urgent adj. 紧急的,紧迫的;催促的,急切的
比较级:more urgent;最高级:most urgent
urgency n. 紧急;迫切;urgently adv. 紧急地
1. urgent matter(紧急事务)2. be urgent for(急需……)
It’s an urgent task that must be finished today.(这是一项必须今天完成的紧急任务。)
6
wear down(使)磨损,(使)逐渐磨平
无词形变化
无
1. wear down metal(磨损金属)2. wear down patience(消磨耐心)
The constant friction wore down the machine parts.(持续的摩擦磨损了机器零件。)
7
pyramid n. 金字塔
复数:pyramids
无
1. Egyptian pyramids(埃及金字塔)2. food pyramid(食物金字塔)
Thousands of tourists visit the Great Pyramid every year.(每年有成千上万的游客参观大金字塔。)
8
ruin vt. 破坏,毁坏;使破产,毁灭;n. 毁坏,毁灭;破产;残垣断壁
过去式/过去分词:ruined;复数:ruins(废墟)
ruinous adj. 毁灭性的;破坏性的
1. ruin one’s reputation(毁掉某人的名声)2. fall into ruin(沦为废墟)
The heavy rain ruined our plan for a picnic.(大雨毁了我们的野餐计划。)
9
incredible adj. 极好的,极大的;不能相信的,难以置信的
比较级:more incredible;最高级:most incredible
incredibly adv. 极其;令人难以置信地
1. incredible speed(惊人的速度)2. incredible luck(极好的运气)
She showed incredible courage in facing the danger.(她在面对危险时展现出了惊人的勇气。)
10
clay n. 黏土,陶土
不可数
clayey adj. 黏土的;含黏土的
1. clay sculpture(泥塑)2. raw clay(生黏土)
The artist used red clay to make a beautiful vase.(艺术家用红黏土做了一个漂亮的花瓶。)
11
sculpture n. 雕像,雕塑品;雕刻术
复数:sculptures
sculptor n. 雕塑家;sculptural adj. 雕塑的
1. stone sculpture(石雕)2. modern sculpture(现代雕塑)
The park is decorated with several famous sculptures.(公园里陈列着几座著名的雕塑。)
12
missile n. 导弹
复数:missiles
无
1. guided missile(制导导弹)2. cruise missile(巡航导弹)
The country successfully tested a new type of missile.(这个国家成功测试了一种新型导弹。)
13
violence n. 暴力,暴行;狂热,激情
不可数
violent adj. 暴力的;猛烈的;violently adv. 猛烈地
1. domestic violence(家庭暴力)2. resort to violence(诉诸暴力)
We should oppose all forms of violence.(我们应该反对一切形式的暴力。)
14
conflict n.(军事)冲突,战斗;争论;矛盾,不一致;vi. 冲突,抵触
复数:conflicts;过去式/过去分词:conflicted
conflicting adj. 冲突的;矛盾的
1. conflict with(与……冲突)2. armed conflict(武装冲突)
His opinion conflicts with mine on this issue.(在这个问题上,他的观点和我的相冲突。)
15
civil adj. 国民的;国家的;民事的
无比较级/最高级
civilian adj. 民用的;n. 平民;civilization n. 文明
1. civil rights(公民权利)2. civil war(内战)
He studied civil law at university.(他在大学里学习了民法。)
16
status n. 身份,地位;状况,情形
不可数
statusful adj. 有地位的;statusless adj. 无地位的
1. social status(社会地位)2. marital status(婚姻状况)
Her hard work helped her improve her social status.(她的努力工作帮助她提升了社会地位。)
17
wear and tear(正常使用造成的)磨损,损耗
无词形变化
无
1. normal wear and tear(正常磨损)2. avoid unnecessary wear and tear(避免不必要的损耗)
The warranty doesn’t cover damage from normal wear and tear.(保修范围不包括正常使用造成的磨损。)
18
internal adj. 内部的;国内的
无比较级/最高级
internally adv. 内部地;国内地
1. internal affairs(内政)2. internal injury(内伤)
The company is facing some internal management problems.(这家公司正面临一些内部管理问题。)
19
outcome n. 结果,效果
复数:outcomes
无
1. final outcome(最终结果)2. positive outcome(积极结果)
We are waiting for the outcome of the experiment.(我们正在等待实验结果。)
20
reef n. 礁,礁脉
复数:reefs
reefless adj. 无礁的
1. coral reef(珊瑚礁)2. barrier reef(堡礁)
The coral reef is home to thousands of marine species.(珊瑚礁是成千上万海洋物种的家园。)
21
coral n. 珊瑚;adj. 珊瑚色的
复数:corals;形容词无比较级
coralline adj. 珊瑚的;珊瑚状的
1. coral reef(珊瑚礁)2. coral necklace(珊瑚项链)
The beach is famous for its beautiful coral sand.(这片海滩以其美丽的珊瑚沙而闻名。)
22
ecology n. 生态,生态学
不可数
ecological adj. 生态的;ecologist n. 生态学家
1. environmental ecology(环境生态)2. marine ecology(海洋生态学)
Human activities have a great impact on global ecology.(人类活动对全球生态有很大影响。)
23
agenda n. 计划,方案;议程表,议事日程
复数:agendas
无
1. on the agenda(在议程上)2. set the agenda(制定议程)
The issue of climate change is high on the meeting agenda.(气候变化问题是会议议程的重点。)
24
pagoda n. 佛塔
复数:pagodas
无
1. Buddhist pagoda(佛塔)2. ancient pagoda(古佛塔)
We visited a 1000-year-old pagoda during the trip.(旅行期间我们参观了一座千年古佛塔。)
25
nail n. 钉子;指甲;vt. 固定
复数:nails;过去式/过去分词:nailed
nailer n. 钉钉子的人;nail polish(指甲油)
1. nail sth. down(固定某物)2. hammer a nail(钉钉子)
He nailed the picture frame to the wall.(他把画框钉在了墙上。)
26
panel n. 专家咨询组,讨论小组;嵌板;仪表盘
复数:panels
panelist n. 小组成员;paneled adj. 有嵌板的
1. expert panel(专家小组)2. control panel(控制面板)
A panel of experts will discuss the environmental problem.(一个专家小组将讨论这个环境问题。)
27
specialist n. 专家;专科医生;adj. 专业的
复数:specialists;形容词无比较级
specialize vi. 专攻;specialization n. 专业化
1. specialist in(在……方面的专家)2. medical specialist(专科医生)
She is a specialist in computer science.(她是计算机科学领域的专家。)
28
assess vt. 评估,评定;估算
过去式/过去分词:assessed
assessment n. 评估;评价;assessable adj. 可评估的
1. assess the risk(评估风险)2. assess the value(估算价值)
Teachers need to assess students’ performance regularly.(教师需要定期评估学生的表现。)
29
collapse vi. 倒塌,坍塌;昏倒;n. 昏倒;倒塌
过去式/过去分词:collapsed;不可数
collapsible adj. 可折叠的;collapsible adj. 易倒塌的
1. building collapse(建筑物倒塌)2. collapse from tiredness(累倒)
The old bridge collapsed after the heavy rain.(这座老桥在大雨后倒塌了。)
30
consultation n. 咨询,商讨;就诊
不可数
consult vt. 咨询;请教;consultant n. 顾问
1. consultation with(与……咨询)2. medical consultation(就诊)
She had a consultation with her lawyer about the case.(她就这个案子咨询了她的律师。)
31
suspend vt. 暂停;悬,挂
过去式/过去分词:suspended
suspension n. 暂停;悬挂;suspensive adj. 暂停的
1. suspend classes(停课)2. suspend sth. from(把某物悬挂在……)
The school suspended classes due to the severe weather.(由于天气恶劣,学校停课了。)
32
division n. 分歧;分开,分隔
复数:divisions
divide vt. 划分;分开;divisive adj. 分裂的
1. division of labor(分工)2. deep division(严重分歧)
There is a clear division of labor between the two teams.(两个团队之间有明确的分工。)
33
dam n. 水坝
复数:dams
dammed adj. 筑坝的;damless adj. 无坝的
1. build a dam(建水坝)2. hydroelectric dam(水电站大坝)
The dam was built to control floods and generate electricity.(这座水坝是为了防洪和发电而建的。)
34
architect n. 建筑师;设计师
复数:architects
architecture n. 建筑;建筑学;architectural adj. 建筑的
1. famous architect(著名建筑师)2. chief architect(总建筑师)
The new museum was designed by a world-famous architect.(这座新博物馆由一位世界著名的建筑师设计。)
35
operator n. 操作人员,技工;接线员
复数:operators
operate vt. 操作;运转;operation n. 操作
1. machine operator(机器操作员)2. telephone operator(电话接线员)
The operator must follow the safety rules when using the machine.(操作员使用机器时必须遵守安全规则。)
36
incident n. 事件;冲突
复数:incidents
incidental adj. 附带的;偶然的
1. traffic incident(交通事故)2. minor incident(小事件)
The police are investigating the incident that happened last night.(警方正在调查昨晚发生的事件。)
37
cooperation n. 合作,协作;协助,配合
不可数
cooperate vi. 合作;协作;cooperative adj. 合作的
1. cooperation with(与……合作)2. international cooperation(国际合作)
Successful completion of the project requires close cooperation.(项目的成功完成需要密切合作。)
38
forecast vt. (forecast, forecast; forecasted, forecasted) 预测,预报;n. 预测,预报
过去式/过去分词:forecast/forecasted;复数:forecasts
forecaster n. 预报员;forecasting n. 预测
1. weather forecast(天气预报)2. forecast the future(预测未来)
The weather forecast says it will rain tomorrow.(天气预报说明天会下雨。)
39
interrupt vt. 打扰,插嘴;使暂停,使中断;vi. 打扰,插嘴
过去式/过去分词:interrupted
interruption n. 打扰;中断;interruptive adj. 中断的
1. interrupt sb.(打扰某人)2. interrupt a conversation(打断谈话)
Please don’t interrupt others when they are speaking.(别人说话时请不要打断。)
40
conservation n. 保护;保持
不可数
conserve vt. 保护;保存;conservative adj. 保守的
1. energy conservation(节能)2. wildlife conservation(野生动物保护)
The government has taken measures for the conservation of water resources.(政府已采取措施保护水资源。)
41
motion n. 提议,动议;运动;动作
复数:motions
motivate vt. 激励;激发;motionless adj. 静止的
1. motion to do(提议做某事)2. in motion(在运动中)
He put forward a motion to postpone the meeting.(他提出了一项推迟会议的动议。)
42
vote vt. & vi. 投票,表决;n. 选票;投票
过去式/过去分词:voted;复数:votes
voter n. 选民;投票者;voting n. 投票
1. vote for(投票支持)2. take a vote(进行投票)
Most people voted for the new policy.(大多数人投票支持这项新政策。)
43
canal n. 运河
复数:canals
canaled adj. 有运河的;canalize vt. 开运河
1. Panama Canal(巴拿马运河)2. shipping canal(航运运河)
The canal connects the two major rivers.(这条运河连接了两条主要河流。)
44
migration n. 迁徙,迁移,移居
不可数
migrate vi. 迁徙;移居;migratory adj. 迁徙的
1. bird migration(鸟类迁徙)2. population migration(人口迁移)
We watched the migration of wild geese in autumn.(我们在秋天观看了大雁的迁徙。)
45
legacy n. 遗产
复数:legacies
legatorial adj. 遗产的;legacy adj. 遗产的
1. cultural legacy(文化遗产)2. family legacy(家族遗产)
The writer left a great literary legacy to the world.(这位作家给世界留下了宝贵的文学遗产。)
46
splendour (AmE splendor) n. 壮丽,雄伟
复数:splendours
splendid adj. 壮丽的;极好的;splendidly adv. 壮丽地
1. the splendour of the palace(宫殿的壮丽)2. natural splendour(自然美景)
We were deeply impressed by the splendour of the sunset.(日落的壮丽景象给我们留下了深刻印象。)
47
reserve n. 自然保护区;储备;vt. 预订;预留;保留
复数:reserves;过去式/过去分词:reserved
reservation n. 预订;保护区;reserved adj. 保留的
1. nature reserve(自然保护区)2. reserve a seat(预订座位)
This area is a nature reserve for rare animals.(这个地区是珍稀动物的自然保护区。)
48
basin n. 盆地;洗脸盆;盆;流域
复数:basins
basinal adj. 盆地的;流域的
1. river basin(流域)2. washbasin(洗脸盆)
The Amazon Basin is home to rich biodiversity.(亚马孙河流域拥有丰富的生物多样性。)
49
intense adj. 很大的,十分强烈的;有强烈感情的,热切的,激烈的
比较级:more intense;最高级:most intense
intensity n. 强度;intensely adv. 强烈地
1. intense heat(酷热)2. intense competition(激烈竞争)
The team faced intense competition in the final match.(这支队伍在决赛中面临着激烈的竞争。)
50
primitive adj. 简陋的,落后的;原始的,远古的
比较级:more primitive;最高级:most primitive
primitively adv. 原始地;primitive n. 原始人
1. primitive tools(原始工具)2. primitive society(原始社会)
Early humans used primitive tools to hunt for food.(早期人类使用原始工具捕猎食物。)
51
humble vt. 使感到谦卑,使感到自惭;adj. 谦虚的,谦卑的
过去式/过去分词:humbled;形容词比较级:more humble
humility n. 谦逊;humbly adv. 谦逊地
1. humble attitude(谦逊的态度)2. be humbled by(因……而谦卑)
He is a successful man with a humble attitude.(他是一个成功且态度谦逊的人。)
52
corridor n. 走廊,地带;通道
复数:corridors
corridorial adj. 走廊的
1. corridor of power(权力走廊)2. traffic corridor(交通走廊)
We walked along the long corridor to the meeting room.(我们沿着长长的走廊走向会议室。)
53
pursue vt. 追求,致力于,执行;追逐
过去式/过去分词:pursued
pursuit n. 追求;追逐;pursuable adj. 可追求的
1. pursue one’s dream(追求梦想)2. pursue a career(追求事业)
She has been pursuing her dream of becoming a doctor.(她一直追求成为一名医生的梦想。)
54
submit vt. & vi. 提交,呈递;屈服
过去式/过去分词:submitted
submission n. 提交;屈服;submissive adj. 顺从的
1. submit sth. to(向……提交某物)2. submit to pressure(屈服于压力)
Students must submit their homework before midnight.(学生们必须在午夜前提交作业。)
55
emerge vi. 出现;暴露;露头
过去式/过去分词:emerged
emergence n. 出现;浮现;emergent adj. 新兴的
1. emerge from(从……出现)2. emerge as(以……身份出现)
A new problem emerged during the project implementation.(项目实施过程中出现了一个新问题。)
56
assign vt. 指定,指派,分配;确定
过去式/过去分词:assigned
assignment n. 任务;分配;assignable adj. 可分配的
1. assign sb. sth.(分配某人某物)2. assign a date(确定日期)
The teacher assigned each student a different topic.(老师给每个学生分配了不同的主题。)
57
take shape 成形,有了模样
无词形变化
无
1. take shape gradually(逐渐成形)2. the plan takes shape(计划有了眉目)
After months of preparation, the project finally took shape.(经过数月的准备,这个项目终于成形了。)
58
string n. 一批,一连串,一系列;线;弦
复数:strings
stringed adj. 弦乐器的;stringy adj. 多线的
1. a string of(一串;一系列)2. guitar string(吉他弦)
She received a string of awards for her excellent performance.(她因出色的表现获得了一系列奖项。)
59
wool n. 毛织物;羊毛
不可数
woolen adj. 羊毛的;woolly adj. 毛茸茸的
1. pure wool(纯羊毛)2. wool sweater(羊毛衫)
This coat is made of high-quality wool.(这件外套是用优质羊毛制成的。)
60
cotton n. 棉织物;棉,棉花
不可数
cottony adj. 棉花似的;cottonseed n. 棉籽
1. cotton cloth(棉布)2. organic cotton(有机棉)
Most of her clothes are made of cotton.(她的大多数衣服都是棉质的。)
61
cave n. 山洞,洞穴
复数:caves
cavelike adj. 洞穴般的;caveman n. 穴居人
1. natural cave(天然洞穴)2. explore a cave(探索洞穴)
The explorers found some ancient paintings in the cave.(探险家们在洞穴里发现了一些古代壁画。)
62
Buddhist adj. 佛教的;n. 佛教徒
形容词无比较级;复数:Buddhists
Buddhism n. 佛教
1. Buddhist temple(佛教寺庙)2. Buddhist culture(佛教文化)
Many Buddhists go to the temple to pray on festivals.(许多佛教徒在节日里去寺庙祈福。)
63
expansion n. 扩展,扩大,膨胀
不可数
expand vt. 扩展;扩大;expansive adj. 广阔的
1. economic expansion(经济扩张)2. territorial expansion(领土扩张)
The company plans the expansion of its business overseas.(这家公司计划将业务扩展到海外。)
64
initiative n. 倡议,新方案;主动性
复数:initiatives
initiative adj. 主动的;initial adj. 最初的
1. new initiative(新倡议)2. take the initiative(主动出击)
The government launched an initiative to protect the environment.(政府推出了一项环境保护倡议。)
65
milestone n. 重要阶段,里程碑
复数:milestones
无
1. important milestone(重要里程碑)2. career milestone(职业里程碑)
Graduating from university is a major milestone in his life.(大学毕业是他人生中的一个重要里程碑。)
66
equator n. 赤道
不可数(常加the)
equatorial adj. 赤道的
1. near the equator(靠近赤道)2. equator line(赤道线)
Countries near the equator have a tropical climate.(赤道附近的国家属于热带气候。)
67
showcase n. 展示的场合;玻璃柜台
复数:showcases
无
1. art showcase(艺术展示会)2. product showcase(产品展示柜)
The exhibition is a great showcase for young artists.(这个展览是年轻艺术家的绝佳展示平台。)
68
elsewhere adv. 在(或去)别处
无比较级/最高级
无
1. look elsewhere(去别处找)2. go elsewhere(去别处)
If you can’t find what you want here, try elsewhere.(如果你在这里找不到想要的东西,试试去别处。)
69
entry n. 进入;参与,加入;参赛
复数:entries
enter vt. 进入;参与;entrance n. 入口
1. entry into(进入)2. competition entry(参赛作品)
His entry into the competition surprised everyone.(他参加比赛让所有人都感到意外。)
70
fee n. 费;报酬
复数:fees
feeble adj. 虚弱的(无关,填无)
1. admission fee(门票费)2. service fee(服务费)
The fee for the course includes textbooks and materials.(课程费用包括课本和资料。)
71
ban vt. 明令禁止,取缔;禁止做某事;n. 禁令
过去式/过去分词:banned;复数:bans
banned adj. 被禁止的;baneful adj. 有害的
1. ban sb. from doing(禁止某人做)2. impose a ban(实施禁令)
The government banned smoking in public places.(政府禁止在公共场所吸烟。)
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