精品解析：福建省福州第八中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷

福州八中2025-2026学年第一学期质检三 高三英语 考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分 2025.11.05 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who will be the main speaker at the conference according to Bob? A. Annie. B Mark. C. Anna. 2. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Cook a meal. B. Eat out together. C. Do some shopping. 3. How much change does the man get? A 4 dollars. B.6 dollars. C.10 dollars. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A family gathering. B. A travel plan. C. A school activity. 5. What does the woman mean? A. The company will move offices. B. The meeting has been canceled. C. The man has come to the wrong place. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Which competition does the man like watching best? A. Tennis. B. Basketball. C. Badminton. 7. When will the men's table tennis final take place? A. This evening. B. Tomorrow morning. C Tomorrow evening. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How will Ben travel from New York to Washington, D.C.? A. By train. B. By car. C. By plane. 9. What will Ben do in Washington D.C.? A. Call on his brother. B. Go to the beach. C. Explore some museums. 10. How long will Ben stay in the US? A. About a week. B. About two weeks. C. About three weeks. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow workers. B. Friends. C. Husband and wife. 12. What happened when Lisa was painting? A. She painted the wrong color. B. She had a terrible headache. C. She got her clothes dirty. 13. What does Lisa plan to do this weekend? A. See a doctor. B. Rest at home. C. Go to the cinema. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why did Jasmine decide to quit her job? A. To reduce work pressure. B. To pursue her hobby. C. To improve her health. 15. What will Jasmine receive tomorrow? A. Water lilies. B. Peach trees. C. Roses. 16. How does Jasmine earn a living now? A. By serving as a gardener. B. By working as a shop assistant. C. By running a guesthouse. 17. Where are the speakers? A. In a grocery store. B At Jasmine's. C. At a guesthouse. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker doing? A. Hosting an event. B. Introducing a course. C. Making an announcement. 19. What can students do on the second day? A Watch some shows. B. Learn to play instruments. C. Sign up for language courses. 20. When will the quizzes be held? A. On August 20th. B. On August 22nd. C. On August 24th. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Producing and consuming clothing is a major source of global CO2 emissions (排放). The fashion industry is estimated to account for 8% to 10% of global greenhouse gas emissions — more than all international flights and sea shipping combined. From growing cotton to dyeing (染色) fabrics, every step in the clothing supply chain leaves a carbon footprint. Much of the impact comes from energy-intensive industrial processes. Here’s a breakdown of the emissions in 2018across different stages of clothing production. Making clothes more sustainable isn’t just about cutting emissions — it’s also about choosing the right materials. Fabrics need to be not only comfortable and affordable, but also long-lasting and low-impact. Each material has its own challenges and environmental cost. While no perfect solution exists yet, a range of alternatives are emerging. COTTON-Organic cotton Grown without harmful chemicals, organic cotton uses far less water and energy, helping reduce pollution and protect the soil. POLYESTER (聚酯纤维)-Recycled polyester Developed through eco-efficient production, recycled polyester lowers reliance on non-renewable fuels. WOOL-Responsible wool Improved land use and animal care reduce methane emissions from sheep farming and cut wool’s environmental cost. LEATHER - Plant-based leather Made from mushrooms or pineapple leaves, plant leather offers cruelty-free alternatives to traditional leather. RAYON (人造丝)-Certified sustainable rayon Sourced from managed forests, certified rayon helps prevent deforestation and protects biodiversity. This shift toward sustainable fashion is global, and the extent of transformation needed is “unlike anything we’ve seen before,” says Stella McCartney, a pioneer in ethical (道德上的) fashion design. It’s estimated that fashion consumption could grow by 60% by 2030, putting even more pressure on resources. Still, experts believe that circular design and material innovation can drive real change, keeping pace with the sweeping trend of energy conservation and emission reduction. “The future of fashion is restorative and regenerative by design,” says McCartney. 1. Which stage released the greatest amount of greenhouse gas in 2018? A. Fibre production. B. Dyeing and finishing. C. Fabric production. D. Yarn preparation. 2. What do these alternatives have in common? A. They are animal-friendly. B. They come from plant sources. C. They require less energy during production. D. They aim to lessen environmental impact. 3. What does McCartney stress regarding the future of fashion? A. It is to encourage conscious consumption. B. It is to meet different people’s needs. C It is to reduce resource usage. D. It is to last and adapt. B Holding my newborn baby, I looked at the nurses rushing around me. Little Lou was born with a heart problem and had surgery when he was just 48 hours old. The medical staff took my breath away with how hard they worked. Learning the special bed my baby lay on cost $55,000, I decided to raise that sum for the hospital. By the time Lou turned six months old, he experienced another critical surgery — an 18-hour marathon where the medical team refused to give up. Their skill and perseverance saved him. Though I could never fully express my thanks, I remained determined: I would find a way to raise those funds. During COVID-19, I took an online painting class. I’d always been creative and had worked as a visual designer. While I painted, all my worries disappeared. A mushroom I painted came out better than expected, so I kept at it. I wondered if I could start selling my art so I entered a national competition and was astonished to be a finalist. That competition opened many doors. Soon, I was being contacted by galleries to do solo exhibitions. In my spare time, I’d post my latest work on my newsletter and a buyer would quickly purchase it. I could barely keep up with demand. Every time I sold a painting, I donated money to the Children’s Hospital. Then one day, I was contacted by a woman called Emily, an aerospace engineer who was going to be the 100th woman to go to space. She floated the idea of taking one of my artworks into space. I created a painting for her. It’s about a child in a space suit being lifted by balloons to show Emily’s childhood dream of going to space. The balloons are slightly deflated (泄气的) to show how hard it was but that she never gave up. On November 22, 2024, Emily took my painting to space and helped me raise $21,000. I haven’t reached my $55,000 mark yet but hope to do so soon. Lou, six, will need another heart operation eventually, but he’s currently thriving (茁壮成长). My art uses different shades to show we all have dark times, but if we keep going, we’ll see light again. 4. Why did the author raise money for the hospital? A. To repay its efforts. B. To upgrade its facilities. C. To fund research on heart problems. D. To improve children’s healthcare. 5. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. What made the author stand out. B. What COVID-19 brought to the author. C. How the author developed her painting skills. D. How the author’s journey to artistic success began. 6. The author detailed the painting in paragraph 3 to highlight ________. A. the painting’s popularity B. their shared determination C. Emily’s space exploration D. Emily’s childhood memory 7. What does the author’s experience show? A. Dreams shape tomorrow. B. Art benefits heart health. C. Many hands make light work. D. Gratitude fuels creative giving. C Fish may have their own version of empathy. In a study published in the journal Science, researchers say the same mechanism responsible for human empathy might also be at play among fish. This suggests the human ability to understand and share another’s feelings could have evolved much earlier than previously thought — around 450 million years ago, when fish and mammals split on the evolutionary tree. Scientists have known that fear can spread throughout groups of fish in a phenomenon known as “emotional contagion (传染)”. This can be helpful if, for example, one fish spots a predator before others do — it can then alert its peers by acting distressed. But until now, scientists weren’t sure which biological systems led fish to catch onto another’s emotional state. To find out, they focused on zebrafish, which are often used in research. Scientists concluded the hormone oxytocin (催产素), which helps regulate social behavior and empathy in mammals, may also drive contagious fear in fish. In one of their experiments, the team removed genes linked to oxytocin production from some zebrafish, then let them observe other zebrafish that were acting afraid in another tank. Many of the genetically modified animals did not respond to their peers’ fear, while a control group of normal fish did. Then, when the researchers injected the genetically modified fish with oxytocin, they behaved more like the standard, unmodified fish and mirrored the fright behaviors of their peers. In another experiment, zebrafish appeared to pay more attention to videos of fish that had previously shown distress, as opposed to videos of fish that always appeared calm. This suggests the fish may have been emotionally connecting with their fearful peers — and possibly, researchers say, even trying to comfort them. Finally, the researchers dissected (解剖) zebrafish brains and, after examining the tissue under a microscope, found that the two areas most involved in emotional contagion were similar to the mammalian brain regions associated with empathy. The findings suggest that fish could be sentient, like humans and other species. “They have the ability to have an emotional life,” says Hans Hofmann, a neurobiologist at the University of Texas at Austin who was not involved in the research. 8. What does human-fish empathy similarity indicate? A. Fish lost the ability to feel emotions during evolution. B. Mammals learned empathetic behavior by observing fish. C. Fish may possess empathy-like abilities rooted in evolution. D. Fish developed empathy separately after splitting from mammals. 9. What role does oxytocin play in zebrafish according to the study? A. It enhances their swimming speed. B. It shapes their response to peers’ fear. C. It helps them detect predators faster. D. It reduces their need for social interaction. 10. How did the researchers reach their conclusion? A. By analyzing data. B. By making comparisons. C. By building models. D. By conducting surveys. 11. The underlined word “sentient” in the last paragraph most likely means ________. A. capable of physical adaptation B. dependent on group survival C. skilled at avoiding predators D. able to perceive and feel emotions D Anyone who has taken a standardized test knows that writing an essay in 20 minutes or less takes serious brain power. Having access to artificial intelligence (AI) would certainly lighten the mental load. But as a recent study by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) suggests, that help may come at a cost. Over the course of a series of essay-writing sessions, students working with as well as without an AI chatbot had their brain activity measured. Across the board, the AI users exhibited markedly lower brain activity in areas associated with creative functions and attention. Whether AI will leave people’s brains weak in the long term remains an open question. Researchers behind this study have stressed that further work is needed to establish a definitive causal link between elevated AI use and weakened brains. After all, the study had a tiny sample size and focused on a single narrow task. Moreover, generative-AI tools clearly seek to lighten people’s mental loads, as many other technologies do. Concerns about this kind of offloading aren’t new. As long ago as the 5th century BC, Socrates was quoted as complaining that writing is not “a potion(神药) for remembering, but for reminding”. Calculators spare cashiers from computing a bill. Navigation apps remove the need for map-reading. And yet few would argue that people are less capable as a result. There is little evidence to suggest that letting machines handle users’ mental tasks alters the brain’s capacity for thinking. But the worry is that generative AI allows one to offload a thought process. And once the brain has developed a taste for offloading, it can be a hard habit to kick. As one user put it, “I rely so much on AI that I don’t think I’d know how to solve certain problems without it.” The technology is so young that, for many tasks, the human brain is still the sharpest tool in the toolkit. But in time both the consumers of AI and its regulators will have to assess whether its wider benefits outweigh any cognitive (认知) costs. If stronger evidence emerges that AI makes people less intelligent, will they care? 12. What does paragraph 3 emphasize about the MIT study? A. The procedures it followed. B. The limitations in its design. C. The conclusion it has drawn. D. The diversity among its participants. 13. According to Socrates, what negative consequence could writing have? A. People would avoid using reminders. B. People would stop thinking independently. C. People would rely less on their own memory. D. People would care less about the spoken word. 14. What point does the user’s remark in paragraph 5 illustrate? A. AI can change users’ mental capacity. B. AI is not widely available to the public. C. AI can encourage users’ mental laziness. D. AI is not capable of solving every problem. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Will AI Make You Stupid? B. How AI Lets You Offload Tasks C. Why AI Affects Your Thinking Abilities D Is AI a Mental Shortcut You Can Easily Quit? 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Childhood is an important period of social development, particularly in the formation of social identity, which is how we perceive our various roles in society in relation to others. ___16___If a child is very shy and withdrawn, it’s likely that other children will pick up on that child’s social cues(暗示)andleave them alone,thus confirming the child’s social identity as "shy and withdrawn.” In turn, the child may become upset, trying to break free from that identity. ___17___The more people identify with(认同) a particular group, the more that group plays a role in shaping how people feel about themselves. Being a member of that group becomes important for how people regard themselves and their abilities. ___18___ Not all children who experience threats to their social identity will experience depression. ___19___For example, a child who only sees himself as a star soccer player may experience discomfort and a sense of loss if he suddenly becomes injured and is unable to play soccer anymore. The child may lose his status as a star athlete, which opens the door for depression. How can a child’s identity be supported? As an adult, you can acknowledge what and who is important to them. Try not to place too much emphasis on any one single social role. ___20___What’s more, if you notice that a child is losing interest in activities they once loved, or other behaviors that show they are feeling depressed, seek advice from their mental health providers. A. Social identity allows people to be part of groups. B. In fact,the child may hide their negative side and try to fit in. C. Our social identities are often influenced by people around us. D. Instead,encourage them to try new and different things in life. E. Only those with a limited number of social roles are more at risk. F. So gaining status within the group can help people develop a sense of belonging. G. Why does a child feel depressed without being noticed by their parents or teachers? 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My father’s thrift (节俭) philosophy shaped my youth. Unlike peers receiving pocket money, I never got a penny — not from cruelty, but to build ___21___. Each morning, he’d note, “Mrs. Wilson needs her garden weeded; Mr. Carter requires help ___22___ bottles.” I earned coins through ___23___ work in the neighborhood; sweeping leaves, shoveling snow and planting trees. Savings filled the tin under my bed, its weight showing my growing ___24___. Though he occasionally borrowed for emergencies (a flat tire or a medical bill), ___25___ was exact and timely. When I lost two months’ earnings in a(n) ___26___ lemonade business, his only words were, “Live and learn.” At twelve, I considered this cruel; at thirty, I ___27___ its wisdom — true lessons grow through doing. Modern thrift education ___28___ saving, but ignores its key point: earning. Father believed “earned coins teach value; given coins generate greed” — a truth wealthy families overlook while ___29___ thrift. By delivering papers at dawn and mowing lawns at dusk, I learned that true thrift is a triad (三位一体) — earn through ___30___, save with intention, spend with care. This trio, ___31___ in classrooms, roots in blistered (起水泡的) hands and difficult situations. ___32___, supermarkets throw outdated bread (still eatable) as shelters beg for donations. Witnessing global contrasts inspires my resolve: 1.3 billion tons of food go bad annually — enough to feed all the hungry — while 800 million starve. This phenomenon ___33___ my Food Rescue project — redirecting bakery remains to food banks and training youth to ___34___ deserted furniture for schools. Through such acts, thrift becomes social justice. As Father said, “Earning teaches respect for resources.” In our wasteful era, thrift transforms from ___35___ discipline to collective duty. 21. A. self-control B. self-reliance C. self-improvement D. self-defense 22. A. breaking B. making C. delivering D. sorting 23. A. seasonal B. permanent C. dangerous D. voluntary 24. A. doubt B. fear C. pride D. respect 25. A. punishment B. repayment C. investment D. donation 26. A. failed B. expanding C. illegal D. profitable 27. A. ignore B. forget C. question D. value 28. A. gives up on B. focuses on C. benefits from D. moves beyond 29. A. opposing B. neglecting C. advocating D. realizing 30. A. labor B. creativity C. skills D. talents 31. A. understandable B. unteachable C. popular D. boring 32. A. Accidentally B. Occasionally C. Locally D. Temporarily 33. A. fuels B. delays C. replaces D. complicates 34. A. regain B. remake C. repair D. reuse 35. A. strict B. strong C. personal D. internal 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Goodall first arrived at Gombe Stream to study chimpanzees in the wild in 1960, the chimpanzees were cautious about her ____36____ (present), but her patience and dedication paid off. One of her first major breakthroughs came when she observed a chimpanzee named David Greybeard ____37____ (use) a tool to extract termites (白蚁) from a mound (蚁丘). This discovery was groundbreaking, as tool use ____38____ (believe) to be a uniquely human trait prior to this finding. Goodall’s observations extended to complex social behaviors, including cooperation, aggression, and empathy among chimpanzees. Her findings challenged the scientific community’s views and sparked a reevaluation of the boundaries between humans and other animals. ____39____ initial skepticism, her work gained widespread ____40____ (recognize) and respect. In 1977, Goodall founded the Jane Goodall Institute to support her research and promote conservation efforts. The institute has expanded to include community-centered conservation programs and education initiatives. One of its most notable programs, Roots & Shoots, empowers young people ____41____ (address) environmental and social issues. Founded in 1991, Roots & Shoots ____42____ (grow) into a global network with over 150,000 members in more than 100 countries. Goodall was a vocal advocate ____43____ conservation and animal welfare, using her platform to raise awareness and inspire action. Even in her 90s, she continued traveling the world, speaking about the importance of conservation and the interconnectedness of all living things — right up until her passing. Local time on October 1, 2025, Goodall passed away in California, USA, at the age of 91 due to ____44____ (nature) causes, while she was on her American speaking tour. Her legacy remains a testament to the power of perseverance, curiosity, and a deep respect for nature. As she often says, “What you do makes a difference, and you have to decide ____45____ kind of difference you want to make.” Though she is gone, the global movement she sparked, from the Jane Goodall Institute to the Roots & Shoots network, continues to carry forward her belief in hope and collective action. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假定你是红星中学的学生会主席李华，你校新外教Richard将于11月10日抵达你的城市。学校派你前往火车南站接他抵校，请你写一封邮件给他，告知接站安排(包括如何让他识别你、接站后的行程等)。 Richard抵达车次：C985 抵达时间：11月10日上午11:08 注意：1词数80左右； 2.参考词汇：火车南站South Railway Station 接站牌pick-up sign 校车school shuttle bus Dear Richard, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Hua 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tom Young was on his way home from a hard day’s work at a construction site, carrying his worn-out hammer which had accompanied him through thick and thin. With each step, his mind was filled with worry as he racked his brain to find money for his seriously ill son, Andrew, who was in great need of heart surgery. Tom had run out of choices and time. Desperation was beginning to set in, but he refused to let his son suffer helplessly. As he walked, the weight of his troubles pressed heavily on his shoulders. So desperate was he that he even heard a hum in his ears. The next moment the hum was entirely covered by a loud sound. He turned in shock, and what he saw took his breath away. An expensive luxury car was wrapped around a big tree on the other side of the street, with its front twisted and flames starting to spring up from the car. Without a second thought, he ran to the flaming car. He noticed that although the young lady in the driver’s seat did not seem to have been severely injured - apparently because of the open airbag - she was unconscious. Tom saw that the flames began to grow increasingly intense. He realized that he had to get the girl out of the car immediately because there was a high risk of the vehicle exploding at any time. He grabbed the handle and pulled it, but the door was bent and did not open. He used all his strength and tried again, but in vain. It was a sports car, so it had only two doors, and the other one was blocked by the tree. He decided that he had to break the glass to take her out as quickly as possible. He struck it forcefully with his fist but realized that there was no way he could break the thick glass with bare hands, and the flames were getting bigger. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Time was running out, and his mind raced madly. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The girl was sad to know Tom’s trouble from the local news. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 福州八中2025-2026学年第一学期质检三 高三英语 考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分 2025.11.05 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who will be the main speaker at the conference according to Bob? A. Annie. B Mark. C. Anna. 2. What does the woman ask the man to do? A Cook a meal. B. Eat out together. C. Do some shopping. 3. How much change does the man get? A 4 dollars. B.6 dollars. C.10 dollars. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A family gathering. B. A travel plan. C. A school activity. 5. What does the woman mean? A. The company will move offices. B. The meeting has been canceled. C. The man has come to the wrong place. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Which competition does the man like watching best? A. Tennis. B. Basketball. C. Badminton. 7. When will the men's table tennis final take place? A. This evening. B. Tomorrow morning. C Tomorrow evening. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How will Ben travel from New York to Washington, D.C.? A. By train. B. By car. C. By plane. 9. What will Ben do in Washington, D.C.? A. Call on his brother. B. Go to the beach. C. Explore some museums. 10. How long will Ben stay in the US? A. About a week. B. About two weeks. C. About three weeks. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow workers. B. Friends. C. Husband and wife. 12. What happened when Lisa was painting? A. She painted the wrong color. B. She had a terrible headache. C. She got her clothes dirty. 13. What does Lisa plan to do this weekend? A. See a doctor. B. Rest at home. C. Go to the cinema. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why did Jasmine decide to quit her job? A. To reduce work pressure. B. To pursue her hobby. C. To improve her health. 15. What will Jasmine receive tomorrow? A. Water lilies. B. Peach trees. C. Roses. 16. How does Jasmine earn a living now? A. By serving as a gardener. B. By working as a shop assistant. C. By running a guesthouse. 17. Where are the speakers? A. In a grocery store. B At Jasmine's. C. At a guesthouse. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker doing? A. Hosting an event. B. Introducing a course. C. Making an announcement. 19. What can students do on the second day? A Watch some shows. B. Learn to play instruments. C. Sign up for language courses. 20. When will the quizzes be held? A. On August 20th. B. On August 22nd. C. On August 24th. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Producing and consuming clothing is a major source of global CO2 emissions (排放). The fashion industry is estimated to account for 8% to 10% of global greenhouse gas emissions — more than all international flights and sea shipping combined. From growing cotton to dyeing (染色) fabrics, every step in the clothing supply chain leaves a carbon footprint. Much of the impact comes from energy-intensive industrial processes. Here’s a breakdown of the emissions in 2018across different stages of clothing production. Making clothes more sustainable isn’t just about cutting emissions — it’s also about choosing the right materials. Fabrics need to be not only comfortable and affordable, but also long-lasting and low-impact. Each material has its own challenges and environmental cost. While no perfect solution exists yet, a range of alternatives are emerging. COTTON-Organic cotton Grown without harmful chemicals, organic cotton uses far less water and energy, helping reduce pollution and protect the soil. POLYESTER (聚酯纤维)-Recycled polyester Developed through eco-efficient production, recycled polyester lowers reliance on non-renewable fuels. WOOL-Responsible wool Improved land use and animal care reduce methane emissions from sheep farming and cut wool’s environmental cost. LEATHER - Plant-based leather Made from mushrooms or pineapple leaves, plant leather offers cruelty-free alternatives to traditional leather. RAYON (人造丝)-Certified sustainable rayon Sourced from managed forests, certified rayon helps prevent deforestation and protects biodiversity. This shift toward sustainable fashion is global, and the extent of transformation needed is “unlike anything we’ve seen before,” says Stella McCartney, a pioneer in ethical (道德上的) fashion design. It’s estimated that fashion consumption could grow by 60% by 2030, putting even more pressure on resources. Still, experts believe that circular design and material innovation can drive real change, keeping pace with the sweeping trend of energy conservation and emission reduction. “The future of fashion is restorative and regenerative by design,” says McCartney. 1. Which stage released the greatest amount of greenhouse gas in 2018? A. Fibre production. B. Dyeing and finishing. C. Fabric production. D. Yarn preparation. 2. What do these alternatives have in common? A. They are animal-friendly. B. They come from plant sources. C. They require less energy during production. D. They aim to lessen environmental impact. 3. What does McCartney stress regarding the future of fashion? A. It is to encourage conscious consumption. B. It is to meet different people’s needs. C. It is to reduce resource usage. D. It is to last and adapt. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章说明了服装产业是全球二氧化碳排放的主要来源，为了使其能够更加持续性发展，一些更合适、更环保的替代材料正在出现。专家相信，循环设计和材料的创新会是时尚产业的未来。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Here’s a breakdown of the emissions in 2018 across different stages of clothing production.(以下是2018年服装生产不同阶段的排放量细分情况)”和其后饼状图可知，“Dyeing and finishing”是排放量最多的生产阶段，占比36% 。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“ALTERNATIVES”图表中各替代材料的“organic cotton uses far less water and energy, helping reduce pollution and protect the soil.(有机棉用水和能源少得多，有助于减少污染和保护土壤)”、“recycled polyester lowers reliance on non-renewable fuels.(再生聚酯降低了对不可再生燃料的依赖)”、“Improved land use and animal care reduce methane emissions from sheep farming and cut wool’s environmental cost.(改进后的土地利用方式和对牲畜的照料措施能够减少绵羊养殖过程中的甲烷排放，并降低羊毛的环境成本)”、“Made from mushrooms or pineapple leaves, plant leather offers cruelty-free alternatives to traditional leather.(这种植物皮革由蘑菇或菠萝叶制成，为传统皮革提供了无残忍性的替代品)”和“certified rayon helps prevent deforestation and protects biodiversity.(经过认证的人造纤维有助于防止森林砍伐，并保护生物多样性)”可知，这些替代材料都有环保作用，旨在减少对环境的影响。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Still, experts believe that circular design and material innovation can drive real change, keeping pace with the sweeping trend of energy conservation and emission reduction. “The future of fashion is restorative and regenerative by design,” says McCartney.(尽管如此，专家们认为，循环设计和材料创新可以推动真正的变化，跟上节能减排的大趋势。麦卡特尼说：“未来时尚从设计上就是具有修复性和再生性的。”)”可知，麦卡特尼强调未来时尚具有修复性和再生性，即是持久的和可改造的。故选D。 B Holding my newborn baby, I looked at the nurses rushing around me. Little Lou was born with a heart problem and had surgery when he was just 48 hours old. The medical staff took my breath away with how hard they worked. Learning the special bed my baby lay on cost $55,000, I decided to raise that sum for the hospital. By the time Lou turned six months old, he experienced another critical surgery — an 18-hour marathon where the medical team refused to give up. Their skill and perseverance saved him. Though I could never fully express my thanks, I remained determined: I would find a way to raise those funds. During COVID-19, I took an online painting class. I’d always been creative and had worked as a visual designer. While I painted, all my worries disappeared. A mushroom I painted came out better than expected, so I kept at it. I wondered if I could start selling my art so I entered a national competition and was astonished to be a finalist. That competition opened many doors. Soon, I was being contacted by galleries to do solo exhibitions. In my spare time, I’d post my latest work on my newsletter and a buyer would quickly purchase it. I could barely keep up with demand. Every time I sold a painting, I donated money to the Children’s Hospital. Then one day, I was contacted by a woman called Emily, an aerospace engineer who was going to be the 100th woman to go to space. She floated the idea of taking one of my artworks into space. I created a painting for her. It’s about a child in a space suit being lifted by balloons to show Emily’s childhood dream of going to space. The balloons are slightly deflated (泄气的) to show how hard it was but that she never gave up. On November 22, 2024, Emily took my painting to space and helped me raise $21,000. I haven’t reached my $55,000 mark yet but hope to do so soon. Lou, six, will need another heart operation eventually, but he’s currently thriving (茁壮成长). My art uses different shades to show we all have dark times, but if we keep going, we’ll see light again. 4. Why did the author raise money for the hospital? A. To repay its efforts. B. To upgrade its facilities. C. To fund research on heart problems. D. To improve children’s healthcare. 5. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. What made the author stand out. B. What COVID-19 brought to the author. C How the author developed her painting skills. D. How the author’s journey to artistic success began. 6. The author detailed the painting in paragraph 3 to highlight ________. A. the painting’s popularity B. their shared determination C. Emily’s space exploration D. Emily’s childhood memory 7. What does the author’s experience show? A. Dreams shape tomorrow. B. Art benefits heart health. C. Many hands make light work. D. Gratitude fuels creative giving. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的孩子出生就患有心脏病，医护人员的全力救治挽救了他的生命。为了表达自己的感激，作者决定为医院筹集特殊病床所花费的费用。在这个过程中，作者的绘画天赋得到展现，帮助她筹到了一部分金额。作者坚信只要坚持努力，就会看到光明。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The medical staff took my breath away with how hard they worked. Learning the special bed my baby lay on cost $55,000, I decided to raise that sum for the hospital.(医务人员的工作之努力令人叹为观止。得知我的孩子躺在一张特殊的床上要花费55,000美元，我决定为医院筹集这笔钱)”可知，医务人员对孩子的努力救治使作者决定为医院筹钱，以报答他们所付出的努力。故选A。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“During COVID-19, I took an online painting class. I’d always been creative and had worked as a visual designer. While I painted, all my worries disappeared. A mushroom I painted came out better than expected, so I kept at it. I wondered if I could start selling my art so I entered a national competition and was astonished to be a finalist. That competition opened many doors. Soon, I was being contacted by galleries to do solo exhibitions.(在新冠疫情期间，我参加了线上绘画课程。我一直都很有创造力，并且曾从事过视觉设计师的工作。在画画的时候，我所有的烦恼都消失了。我画的一朵蘑菇比预期的还要好，于是我就继续坚持下去。我想知道我是否能够开始出售自己的作品，于是参加了全国性的比赛，结果惊讶地成为了决赛选手。那次比赛为我打开了许多机会之门。很快，我就收到了画廊的邀请，要我举办个人展览)”可知，该段主要讲述了作者是如何开始绘画艺术，并一步步走向成功的。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“It’s about a child in a space suit being lifted by balloons to show Emily’s childhood dream of going to space. The balloons are slightly deflated (泄气的) to show how hard it was but that she never gave up.(这是一个关于穿着太空服的孩子被气球托起的画面，以此来展现艾米莉儿时的梦想——去太空旅行。这些气球略微瘪了下去，以此来表现当时是多么艰难，但她从未放弃)”可知，该段对这幅画的详细描述突出了艾米莉在困难面前不放弃的坚持和决心，也反映了作者自己在经历孩子手术、筹钱这些困难时的坚持和决心。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Though I could never fully express my thanks, I remained determined: I would find a way to raise those funds.(尽管我始终无法充分表达自己的感激之情，但我依然坚定地认为：我一定会找到办法筹集到那些资金)”和最后一段“My art uses different shades to show we all have dark times, but if we keep going, we’ll see light again.(我的艺术作品通过不同的色调来展现，我们每个人都会经历低谷时期，但只要我们坚持不懈，终会迎来光明)”以及文章对作者经历的描写可知，作者的经历表明了对医务人员的感激之情，激发了作者卖画为医院筹钱的创意行为。故选D。 C Fish may have their own version of empathy. In a study published in the journal Science, researchers say the same mechanism responsible for human empathy might also be at play among fish. This suggests the human ability to understand and share another’s feelings could have evolved much earlier than previously thought — around 450 million years ago, when fish and mammals split on the evolutionary tree. Scientists have known that fear can spread throughout groups of fish in a phenomenon known as “emotional contagion (传染)”. This can be helpful if, for example, one fish spots a predator before others do — it can then alert its peers by acting distressed. But until now, scientists weren’t sure which biological systems led fish to catch onto another’s emotional state. To find out, they focused on zebrafish, which are often used in research. Scientists concluded the hormone oxytocin (催产素), which helps regulate social behavior and empathy in mammals, may also drive contagious fear in fish. In one of their experiments, the team removed genes linked to oxytocin production from some zebrafish, then let them observe other zebrafish that were acting afraid in another tank. Many of the genetically modified animals did not respond to their peers’ fear, while a control group of normal fish did. Then, when the researchers injected the genetically modified fish with oxytocin, they behaved more like the standard, unmodified fish and mirrored the fright behaviors of their peers. In another experiment, zebrafish appeared to pay more attention to videos of fish that had previously shown distress, as opposed to videos of fish that always appeared calm. This suggests the fish may have been emotionally connecting with their fearful peers — and possibly, researchers say, even trying to comfort them. Finally, the researchers dissected (解剖) zebrafish brains and, after examining the tissue under a microscope, found that the two areas most involved in emotional contagion were similar to the mammalian brain regions associated with empathy. The findings suggest that fish could be sentient, like humans and other species. “They have the ability to have an emotional life,” says Hans Hofmann, a neurobiologist at the University of Texas at Austin who was not involved in the research. 8. What does human-fish empathy similarity indicate? A. Fish lost the ability to feel emotions during evolution. B. Mammals learned empathetic behavior by observing fish. C. Fish may possess empathy-like abilities rooted in evolution. D. Fish developed empathy separately after splitting from mammals. 9. What role does oxytocin play in zebrafish according to the study? A. It enhances their swimming speed. B. It shapes their response to peers’ fear. C. It helps them detect predators faster. D. It reduces their need for social interaction. 10. How did the researchers reach their conclusion? A. By analyzing data. B. By making comparisons. C. By building models. D. By conducting surveys. 11. The underlined word “sentient” in the last paragraph most likely means ________. A. capable of physical adaptation B. dependent on group survival C. skilled at avoiding predators D. able to perceive and feel emotions 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现鱼类可能具有类似人类的共情能力，且这种能力可能与进化有关。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“In a study published in the journal Science, researchers say the same mechanism responsible for human empathy might also be at play among fish. This suggests the human ability to understand and share another’s feelings could have evolved much earlier than previously thought — around 450 million years ago, when fish and mammals split on the evolutionary tree. (在《科学》杂志发表的一项研究中，研究人员称，人类共情的相关机制可能同样在鱼类中起作用。这表明，人类理解和分享他人感受的能力可能比此前认为的进化得早得多 —— 大约在 4.5 亿年前，即鱼类和哺乳动物在进化树上分化之时。)”可知，人类与鱼类在共情能力上的相似性表明鱼类可能拥有源于进化的类似共情的能力。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Many of the genetically modified animals did not respond to their peers’ fear, while a control group of normal fish did. Then, when the researchers injected the genetically modified fish with oxytocin, they behaved more like the standard, unmodified fish and mirrored the fright behaviors of their peers. (许多转基因动物对同伴的恐惧没有反应，而一组正常的对照鱼则有反应。然后，当研究人员给转基因鱼注射催产素时，它们的行为更像标准的、未转基因的鱼，并模仿了同伴的恐惧行为。)”可知，催产素在斑马鱼中塑造了它们对同伴恐惧的反应。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Many of the genetically modified animals did not respond to their peers’ fear, while a control group of normal fish did. Then, when the researchers injected the genetically modified fish with oxytocin, they behaved more like the standard, unmodified fish and mirrored the fright behaviors of their peers. (许多转基因动物对同伴的恐惧没有反应，而一组正常的对照鱼则有反应。然后，当研究人员给转基因鱼注射催产素时，它们的行为更像标准的、未转基因的鱼，并模仿了同伴的恐惧行为。)”以及第四段中“In another experiment, zebrafish appeared to pay more attention to videos of fish that had previously shown distress, as opposed to videos of fish that always appeared calm. (在另一项实验中，斑马鱼似乎更关注之前表现出痛苦的鱼的视频，而不是总是表现出平静的鱼的视频。)”可知，研究人员通过做比较得出结论。故选B。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“The findings suggest that fish could be sentient, like humans and other species. “They have the ability to have an emotional life,” says Hans Hofmann, a neurobiologist at the University of Texas at Austin who was not involved in the research. (这些研究结果表明，鱼类可能和人类及其他物种一样sentient。“它们有能力拥有情感生活，”德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的神经生物学家汉斯・霍夫曼说，他并未参与这项研究。)”可知，研究发现鱼类可能像人类和其他物种一样有感知和感受情绪的能力，故划sentient意思是“能够感知和感受情绪”。故选D。 D Anyone who has taken a standardized test knows that writing an essay in 20 minutes or less takes serious brain power. Having access to artificial intelligence (AI) would certainly lighten the mental load. But as a recent study by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) suggests, that help may come at a cost. Over the course of a series of essay-writing sessions, students working with as well as without an AI chatbot had their brain activity measured. Across the board, the AI users exhibited markedly lower brain activity in areas associated with creative functions and attention. Whether AI will leave people’s brains weak in the long term remains an open question. Researchers behind this study have stressed that further work is needed to establish a definitive causal link between elevated AI use and weakened brains. After all the study had a tiny sample size and focused on a single narrow task. Moreover, generative-AI tools clearly seek to lighten people’s mental loads, as many other technologies do. Concerns about this kind of offloading aren’t new. As long ago as the 5th century BC, Socrates was quoted as complaining that writing is not “a potion(神药) for remembering, but for reminding”. Calculators spare cashiers from computing a bill. Navigation apps remove the need for map-reading. And yet few would argue that people are less capable as a result. There is little evidence to suggest that letting machines handle users’ mental tasks alters the brain’s capacity for thinking. But the worry is that generative AI allows one to offload a thought process. And once the brain has developed a taste for offloading, it can be a hard habit to kick. As one user put it, “I rely so much on AI that I don’t think I’d know how to solve certain problems without it.” The technology is so young that, for many tasks, the human brain is still the sharpest tool in the toolkit. But in time both the consumers of AI and its regulators will have to assess whether its wider benefits outweigh any cognitive (认知) costs. If stronger evidence emerges that AI makes people less intelligent, will they care? 12. What does paragraph 3 emphasize about the MIT study? A. The procedures it followed. B. The limitations in its design. C. The conclusion it has drawn. D. The diversity among its participants. 13. According to Socrates, what negative consequence could writing have? A. People would avoid using reminders. B. People would stop thinking independently. C. People would rely less on their own memory. D. People would care less about the spoken word. 14. What point does the user’s remark in paragraph 5 illustrate? A. AI can change users’ mental capacity. B. AI is not widely available to the public. C. AI can encourage users’ mental laziness. D. AI is not capable of solving every problem. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Will AI Make You Stupid? B. How AI Lets You Offload Tasks C Why AI Affects Your Thinking Abilities D Is AI a Mental Shortcut You Can Easily Quit? 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。MIT研究表明，使用AI写作文的学生在创造力和注意力相关脑区活动显著降低，但长期影响未知。虽无证据显示AI 改变大脑思考能力，但需权衡其利弊。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Whether AI will leave people’s brains weak in the long term remains an open question. Researchers behind this study have stressed that further work is needed to establish a definitive causal link between elevated AI use and weakened brains. After all, the study had a tiny sample size and focused on a single narrow task. (从长远来看，人工智能是否会让人类的大脑变弱，这仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。这项研究背后的研究人员强调，需要进一步的工作来确定人工智能使用量增加与大脑功能减弱之间的明确因果关系。毕竟，这项研究的样本量很小，而且只关注一个单一的任务)”可知，第三段主要强调了MIT研究设计的局限——样本量很小，且只关注一个单一的任务。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“As long ago as the 5th century BC, Socrates was quoted as complaining that writing is not “a potion (神药) for remembering, but for reminding”. Calculators spare cashiers from computing a bill. Navigation apps remove the need for map-reading. And yet few would argue that people are less capable as a result. (早在公元前5世纪，苏格拉底就曾抱怨说，写作不是“记忆的药水，而是提醒的药水”。计算器使收银员不必计算账单。导航应用免去了看地图的需要。然而，很少有人会认为人们的能力因此而下降)”可知，根据苏格拉底的说法，写作的消极结果是人们更少依赖自己的记忆。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“But the worry is that generative AI allows one to offload a thought process. And once the brain has developed a taste for offloading, it can be a hard habit to kick. As one user put it, “I rely so much on AI that I don’t think I’d know how to solve certain problems without it.” (但令人担忧的是，生成式人工智能允许人们卸载思维过程。而且，一旦大脑养成了“卸载”的习惯，就很难改掉了。正如一位用户所说，“我太依赖人工智能了，如果没有它，我不知道如何解决某些问题。”)”可知，该用户的话表明AI可能会助长用户的思维惰性。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第三段“Whether AI will leave people’s brains weak in the long term remains an open question. Researchers behind this study have stressed that further work is needed to establish a definitive causal link between elevated AI use and weakened brains. After all, the study had a tiny sample size and focused on a single narrow task. (从长远来看，人工智能是否会让人类的大脑变弱，这仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。这项研究背后的研究人员强调，需要进一步的工作来确定人工智能使用量增加与大脑功能减弱之间的明确因果关系。毕竟，这项研究的样本量很小，而且只关注一个单一的任务)”和最后一段“The technology is so young that, for many tasks, the human brain is still the sharpest tool in the toolkit. But in time both the consumers of AI and its regulators will have to assess whether its wider benefits outweigh any cognitive (认知) costs. If stronger evidence emerges that AImakes people less intelligent, will they care? (这项技术是如此年轻，以至于在许多任务中，人类的大脑仍然是工具包中最锋利的工具。但随着时间的推移，人工智能的消费者和监管机构都将不得不评估其更广泛的好处是否超过任何认知成本。如果有更有力的证据表明人工智能会让人变得更不聪明，他们会在意吗?)”可知，文章主要介绍MIT 研究表明，使用AI写作文的学生在创造力和注意力相关脑区活动显著降低，虽无证据显示AI 改变大脑思考能力，但需权衡其利弊。因此A项“AI会使你变笨吗?”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Childhood is an important period of social development, particularly in the formation of social identity, which is how we perceive our various roles in society in relation to others. ___16___If a child is very shy and withdrawn, it’s likely that other children will pick up on that child’s social cues(暗示)andleave them alone,thus confirming the child’s social identity as "shy and withdrawn.” In turn, the child may become upset, trying to break free from that identity. ___17___The more people identify with(认同) a particular group, the more that group plays a role in shaping how people feel about themselves. Being a member of that group becomes important for how people regard themselves and their abilities. ___18___ Not all children who experience threats to their social identity will experience depression. ___19___For example, a child who only sees himself as a star soccer player may experience discomfort and a sense of loss if he suddenly becomes injured and is unable to play soccer anymore. The child may lose his status as a star athlete, which opens the door for depression. How can a child’s identity be supported? As an adult, you can acknowledge what and who is important to them. Try not to place too much emphasis on any one single social role. ___20___What’s more, if you notice that a child is losing interest in activities they once loved, or other behaviors that show they are feeling depressed, seek advice from their mental health providers. A. Social identity allows people to be part of groups. B. In fact,the child may hide their negative side and try to fit in. C. Our social identities are often influenced by people around us. D. Instead,encourage them to try new and different things in life. E. Only those with a limited number of social roles are more at risk. F. So gaining status within the group can help people develop a sense of belonging. G. Why does a child feel depressed without being noticed by their parents or teachers? 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. F 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文为主要论述了群体对塑造个人的社会认同方面的作用和影响，以及如何帮助孩子建立社会认同。 【16题详解】 根据下文“If a child is very shy and withdrawn, it’s likely that other children will pick up on that child’s social cues and leave them alone,thus confirming the child’s social identity as “shy and withdrawn.” In turn, the child may become upset, trying to break free from that identity. (如果一个孩子非常害羞和孤僻，那么其他孩子很可能会注意到这个孩子的社交暗示而不去理睬他们，从而确认孩子的社会身份是“害羞和孤僻”。反过来，孩子可能会变得不安，试图摆脱这种身份)”可知，用具体例子说别的孩子对那个害羞孤僻的孩子的行为会影响那个孩子，使他不安。由此可知，设空处应谈到了社会认同感常常受他人的影响，C选项“Our social identities are often influenced by people around us.(我们的社会认同常常受周围人的影响)”切题。故选C项。 【17题详解】 下一句“The more people identify with a particular group, the more that group plays a role in shaping how people feel about themselves.Being a member of that group becomes important for how people regard themselves and their abilities. (人们对某个特定群体的认同度越高，这个群体在塑造人们对自己的看法方面所起的作用就越大，成为这个群体的一员对于人们如何看待自己和他们的能力变得很重要。)”阐述了人们越认同一个特定的群体，这个群体就越影响他们对自己的感知。因此，该段强调个人和群体间的关系，个人的看法受到群体社会认同的影响很大。因此，A项“Social identity allows people to be part of groups.(社会认同让人们成为群体的一份子) ”切题，该选项中的“part of groups”与下文中的“a member of”相呼应。故选A项。 【18题详解】 上文“Being a member of that group becomes important for how people regard themselves and their abilities.(成为这个群体的一员对于人们如何看待自己和他们的能力变得很重要)”阐述了作为群体的一员对于人们如何看待自己以及自己的能力变得很重要，由此可知，设空处主要强调群体对个人的影响和作用。因此，F选项“So gaining status within the group can help people develop a sense of belonging.(因此，在群体中获得地位可以帮助人们建立归属感)”切题，该选项句意承接上文，且其中的“within the group”与上文中“Being a member of that group”相呼应。故选F项。 【19题详解】 上一句“Not all children who experience threats to their social identity will experience depression.(并不是所有经历过社会认同受到威胁的孩子都会经历抑郁)”阐述了不是所有孩子都会因社会认同受到威胁而难过，该空后“For example, a child who only sees himself as a star soccer player may experience discomfort and a sense of loss if he suddenly becomes injured and is unable to play soccer anymore.(例如，一个只把自己看成是足球明星的孩子，如果突然受伤，不能再踢足球，他可能会感到不适和失落感)”描述的是一个因社会认同受到威胁而难过的孩子可知，该空选E项“Only those with a limited number of social roles are more at risk.(只有那些社会角色数量有限的人更容易受到威胁)”承上启下。故选E项。 【20题详解】 上一句“Try not to place too much emphasis on any one single social role.(尽量不要过分强调任何一个社会角色。)”可知，此处阐述了不要过多强调某一个单一的社会角色，该空处应该承接上文，继续阐述应该怎样去做，因此，D选项“Instead,encourage them to try new and different things in life.(而是鼓励他们在生活中尝试不同的新事物) ”切题，该选项中的“try”与上一句中的“try”相呼应。故选D项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My father’s thrift (节俭) philosophy shaped my youth. Unlike peers receiving pocket money, I never got a penny — not from cruelty, but to build ___21___. Each morning, he’d note, “Mrs. Wilson needs her garden weeded; Mr. Carter requires help ___22___ bottles.” I earned coins through ___23___ work in the neighborhood; sweeping leaves, shoveling snow and planting trees. Savings filled the tin under my bed, its weight showing my growing ___24___. Though he occasionally borrowed for emergencies (a flat tire or a medical bill), ___25___ was exact and timely. When I lost two months’ earnings in a(n) ___26___ lemonade business, his only words were, “Live and learn.” At twelve, I considered this cruel; at thirty, I ___27___ its wisdom — true lessons grow through doing. Modern thrift education ___28___ saving, but ignores its key point: earning. Father believed “earned coins teach value; given coins generate greed” — a truth wealthy families overlook while ___29___ thrift. By delivering papers at dawn and mowing lawns at dusk, I learned that true thrift is a triad (三位一体) — earn through ___30___, save with intention, spend with care. This trio, ___31___ in classrooms, roots in blistered (起水泡的) hands and difficult situations. ___32___, supermarkets throw outdated bread (still eatable) as shelters beg for donations. Witnessing global contrasts inspires my resolve: 1.3 billion tons of food go bad annually — enough to feed all the hungry — while 800 million starve. This phenomenon ___33___ my Food Rescue project — redirecting bakery remains to food banks and training youth to ___34___ deserted furniture for schools. Through such acts, thrift becomes social justice. As Father said, “Earning teaches respect for resources.” In our wasteful era, thrift transforms from ___35___ discipline to collective duty. 21. A. self-control B. self-reliance C. self-improvement D. self-defense 22. A. breaking B. making C. delivering D. sorting 23. A. seasonal B. permanent C. dangerous D. voluntary 24. A. doubt B. fear C. pride D. respect 25. A. punishment B. repayment C. investment D. donation 26. A. failed B. expanding C. illegal D. profitable 27. A. ignore B. forget C. question D. value 28. A. gives up on B. focuses on C. benefits from D. moves beyond 29. A. opposing B. neglecting C. advocating D. realizing 30. A. labor B. creativity C. skills D. talents 31. A. understandable B. unteachable C. popular D. boring 32. A. Accidentally B. Occasionally C. Locally D. Temporarily 33. A. fuels B. delays C. replaces D. complicates 34. A. regain B. remake C. repair D. reuse 35. A. strict B. strong C. personal D. internal 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了父亲节俭理念对“我”的影响及“我”的感悟与实践。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不像同龄人收到零花钱，我从未得到过一分钱——不是出于残忍，而是为了培养我的自立能力。A. self-control自我控制；B. self-reliance自立；C. self-improvement自我提升；D. self-defense自我防御。根据后文“I earned coins through ____ work”描述作者通过劳动赚取零用钱，可知这里是为了培养自立能力。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，他都会说：“威尔逊太太需要她的花园除草；卡特先生需要帮忙整理瓶子。”A. breaking打破；B. making制作；C. delivering递送；D. sorting整理，分类。根据“bottles”及日常场景，“整理瓶子”更合理，符合邻里间帮忙的语境。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我通过在附近做季节性的工作赚取零钱；扫落叶、铲雪和植树。A. seasonal季节性的；B. permanent永久的；C. dangerous危险的；D. voluntary自愿的。根据后文“sweeping leaves, shoveling snow and planting trees”可知，这些工作都是季节性的。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：床底下的储蓄罐里装满了硬币，它的重量显示了我日益增长的自豪感。A. doubt怀疑；B. fear恐惧；C. pride自豪；D. respect尊重。根据前文“Savings filled the tin under my bed”描述作者通过劳动赚取零用钱并储蓄起来，可知这里应该是日益增长的自豪感。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他偶尔会为了紧急情况（轮胎漏气或医疗账单）而借钱，但还款总是准确而及时。A. punishment惩罚；B. repayment还款；C. investment投资；D. donation捐赠。根据前文“borrowed for emergencies”可知，此处指还款。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在一个失败的柠檬水生意中损失了两个月的收入时，他只说了句：“吃一堑，长一智。”A. failed失败的；B. expanding扩大的；C. illegal非法的；D. profitable有利可图的。根据前文“I lost two months’ earnings”可知，此处指失败的生意。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：12岁时，我觉得这很残忍；30岁时，我珍视其中的智慧——真正的教训是通过实践获得的。A. ignore忽视；B. forget忘记；C. question质疑；D. value珍视。根据后文“true lessons grow through doing”可知，作者开始珍视其中的智慧。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：现代的节俭教育注重储蓄，但忽略了其关键点：赚钱。A. gives up on放弃；B. focuses on注重；C. benefits from获益；D. moves beyond超越。根据后文“but ignores its key point: earning”可知，现代的节俭教育注重储蓄。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲认为“挣来的钱教会价值；给的钱滋生贪婪”——这是富裕家庭在提倡节俭时忽视的一个真理。A. opposing反对；B. neglecting忽视；C. advocating提倡；D. realizing意识到。根据前文“wealthy families overlook”和后文“thrift”可知，此处指富裕家庭在提倡节俭时忽视的一个真理。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过黎明时分送报纸和黄昏时分修剪草坪，我了解到真正的节俭是三位一体的——通过劳动赚钱，有目的地储蓄，谨慎地消费。A. labor劳动；B. creativity创造力；C. skills技能；D. talents才能。根据前文“delivering papers at dawn and mowing lawns at dusk”可知，此处指通过劳动赚钱。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种三位一体，在课堂上是学不到的，它源于起水泡的双手和艰难的处境。A. understandable可理解的；B. unteachable教不会的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. boring无聊的。根据后文“in classrooms”和“roots in blistered hands and difficult situations”可知，这种节俭的真谛需通过实践获得，课堂上教不会。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在当地，超市扔掉过期的面包（仍然可以吃），而收容所却在乞求捐赠。A. Accidentally偶然地；B. Occasionally偶尔地；C. Locally在当地；D. Temporarily暂时地。根据后文“supermarkets throw outdated bread”和“shelters beg for donations”可知，此处指在当地发生的情况。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种现象激发了我开展“食物救援”项目——将面包店的剩余食物重新分配给食物银行，并培训年轻人为学校重新利用废弃的家具。A. fuels激发，推动；B. delays延迟；C. replaces取代；D. complicates使复杂化。根据前文“Witnessing global contrasts inspires my resolve:1.3 billion tons of food go bad annually — enough to feed all the hungry — while 800 million starve.”和后文“my Food Rescue project”可知，看到浪费与短缺的对比，促使“我”开展项目。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. regain重新获得；B. remake重制；C. repair修理；D. reuse重新利用。根据后文“deserted furniture for schools”可知，结合“节俭”主题，对废弃家具应是重新利用。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我们这个浪费的时代，节俭已经从个人纪律转变为集体责任。A. strict严格的；B. strong强壮的；C. personal个人的；D. internal内部的。根据前文“Through such acts, thrift becomes social justice.”和后文“to collective duty”并父亲对“我”个人的节俭教育可知，此处指节俭已经从个人纪律转变为集体责任。故选C。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Goodall first arrived at Gombe Stream to study chimpanzees in the wild in 1960, the chimpanzees were cautious about her ____36____ (present), but her patience and dedication paid off. One of her first major breakthroughs came when she observed a chimpanzee named David Greybeard ____37____ (use) a tool to extract termites (白蚁) from a mound (蚁丘). This discovery was groundbreaking, as tool use ____38____ (believe) to be a uniquely human trait prior to this finding. Goodall’s observations extended to complex social behaviors, including cooperation, aggression, and empathy among chimpanzees. Her findings challenged the scientific community’s views and sparked a reevaluation of the boundaries between humans and other animals. ____39____ initial skepticism, her work gained widespread ____40____ (recognize) and respect. In 1977, Goodall founded the Jane Goodall Institute to support her research and promote conservation efforts. The institute has expanded to include community-centered conservation programs and education initiatives. One of its most notable programs, Roots & Shoots, empowers young people ____41____ (address) environmental and social issues. Founded in 1991, Roots & Shoots ____42____ (grow) into a global network with over 150,000 members in more than 100 countries. Goodall was a vocal advocate ____43____ conservation and animal welfare, using her platform to raise awareness and inspire action. Even in her 90s, she continued traveling the world, speaking about the importance of conservation and the interconnectedness of all living things — right up until her passing. Local time on October 1, 2025, Goodall passed away in California, USA, at the age of 91 due to ____44____ (nature) causes, while she was on her American speaking tour. Her legacy remains a testament to the power of perseverance, curiosity, and a deep respect for nature. As she often says, “What you do makes a difference, and you have to decide ____45____ kind of difference you want to make.” Though she is gone, the global movement she sparked, from the Jane Goodall Institute to the Roots & Shoots network, continues to carry forward her belief in hope and collective action. 【答案】36. presence 37. using 38. was believed 39. Despite 40. recognition 41. to address 42. has grown 43. for 44. natural 45. what 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物学家珍・古道尔的科研成就、创办的机构及项目，以及她为环保和动物福利事业做出的贡献与留下的遗产。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：1960年，当古道尔第一次抵达贡贝溪研究野生黑猩猩时，黑猩猩们对她的出现很警惕，但她的耐心和奉献得到了回报。空前her为形容词性物主代词，后接名词作宾语，present的名词形式为presence，意为“出现；在场”，为不可数名词。故填presence。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她的第一个重大突破之一是观察到一只名叫David Greybeard的黑猩猩使用工具从蚁丘中提取白蚁。observe sb./sth. doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为“观察某人/某物正在做某事”，此处表示观察到黑猩猩使用工具的动作正在进行，所以用现在分词using作宾补。故填using。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：这一发现具有开创性，因为在此之前，使用工具被认为是人类独有的特征。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语prior to this finding可知，用一般过去时，tool use与believe为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语tool use为单数，故填was believed。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：尽管最初遭到质疑，但她的工作获得了广泛的认可和尊重。根据句意，此处表示“尽管；不管”，空后为名词短语initial skepticism，所以用介词despite，注意首字母大写。故填Despite。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管最初遭到质疑，但她的工作获得了广泛的认可和尊重。空前widespread为形容词，后接名词作宾语，recognize的名词形式为recognition，意为“认可；承认”，为不可数名词。故填recognition。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：其中最著名的项目之一“根与芽”，赋予年轻人解决环境和社会问题的能力。empower sb. to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“赋予某人做某事的能力”，所以此处用动词不定式to address。故填to address。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：“根与芽”成立于1991年，现已发展成为一个全球网络，在100多个国家拥有超过15万名成员。根据语境，此处强调从过去创办到现在的发展结果，用现在完成时，主语Roots & Shoots为单数，助动词用has。故填has grown。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：古道尔是环保和动物福利的积极倡导者，她利用自己的平台提高人们的意识并激励人们采取行动。advocate for 为固定搭配，意为“倡导；支持”，此处表示“倡导环保和动物福利”。故填for。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当地时间2025年10月1日，古道尔在美国加利福尼亚州去世，享年91岁，死因是自然原因，当时她正在美国进行巡回演讲。此处修饰名词causes，要用形容词，nature的形容词形式为natural，意为“自然的”。故填natural。 【45题详解】 考查疑问词。句意：正如她常说的：“你所做的事情会产生影响，你必须决定你想要产生什么样的影响。” 此处引导宾语从句，修饰名词kind，意为“什么样的”，所以连接代词what。故填what。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假定你是红星中学的学生会主席李华，你校新外教Richard将于11月10日抵达你的城市。学校派你前往火车南站接他抵校，请你写一封邮件给他，告知接站安排(包括如何让他识别你、接站后的行程等)。 Richard抵达车次：C985 抵达时间：11月10日上午11:08 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.参考词汇：火车南站South Railway Station 接站牌pick-up sign 校车school shuttle bus Dear Richard, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Richard, I’m Li Hua, president of the Student Union of Hongxing Middle School. It’s my pleasure to pick you up at South Railway Station when you arrive in our city. Your train C985 is scheduled to reach at 11:08 a.m. on November 10th. To help you recognize me easily, I’ll hold a pick-up sign with your name and our school logo at the exit. After we meet, we’ll take the comfortable school shuttle bus to the campus directly, which usually takes around 40 minutes. If there’s any delay or change, feel free to contact me. Looking forward to welcoming you! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以红星中学学生会主席李华的身份，给新外教Richard写邮件，告知其11月10日抵达后的接站安排，包括识别方式与接站后行程等关键信息。 【详解】1.词汇积累 荣幸：pleasure→privilege 联系：contact→get in touch with 遇见：meet→encounter 安排：schedule→arrange 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To help you recognize me easily, I’ll hold a pick-up sign with your name and our school logo at the exit. 拓展句：I’ll hold a pick-up sign with your name and our school logo at the exit, which can help you recognize me easily. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s my pleasure to pick you up at South Railway Station when you arrive in our city.(运用了when引导时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】If there’s any delay or change, feel free to contact me. (运用了if引导条件状语从句) 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tom Young was on his way home from a hard day’s work at a construction site, carrying his worn-out hammer which had accompanied him through thick and thin. With each step, his mind was filled with worry as he racked his brain to find money for his seriously ill son, Andrew, who was in great need of heart surgery. Tom had run out of choices and time. Desperation was beginning to set in, but he refused to let his son suffer helplessly. As he walked, the weight of his troubles pressed heavily on his shoulders. So desperate was he that he even heard a hum in his ears. The next moment the hum was entirely covered by a loud sound. He turned in shock, and what he saw took his breath away. An expensive luxury car was wrapped around a big tree on the other side of the street, with its front twisted and flames starting to spring up from the car. Without a second thought, he ran to the flaming car. He noticed that although the young lady in the driver’s seat did not seem to have been severely injured - apparently because of the open airbag - she was unconscious. Tom saw that the flames began to grow increasingly intense. He realized that he had to get the girl out of the car immediately because there was a high risk of the vehicle exploding at any time. He grabbed the handle and pulled it, but the door was bent and did not open. He used all his strength and tried again, but in vain. It was a sports car, so it had only two doors, and the other one was blocked by the tree. He decided that he had to break the glass to take her out as quickly as possible. He struck it forcefully with his fist but realized that there was no way he could break the thick glass with bare hands, and the flames were getting bigger. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Time was running out, and his mind raced madly. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The girl was sad to know Tom’s trouble from the local news. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Time was running out, and his mind raced madly. In a moment of clarity, Tom remembered the worn-out hammer in his hand. It had been a reliable companion through countless days of labor, and now it was his only hope. With a determined swing, he smashed the hammer against the window, shattering the glass with a loud crash. Carefully, he reached into the vehicle, avoiding the jagged edges, and unbuckled the unconscious young lady. With all his strength, he pulled her out, dragging her a safe distance from the car just as the flames roared fiercely, engulfing the vehicle in a fiery blaze. Soon, Tom’s heroic deed went viral. The girl was sad to know Tom’s trouble from the local news. She learned about his struggle to find money for his son’s heart surgery and felt a deep sense of empathy for his situation. Remembering how he had risked his life to save her, she decided to take action. With her family’s connections and resources, she organized a fundraising campaign to help cover the medical expenses for Andrew’s surgery. As word spread about Tom’s story, the community rallied together, contributing whatever they could. Grateful for the support, Tom felt a renewed sense of hope. The girl, now a friend, visited him in the hospital, bringing not just financial help but also encouragement. Their bond grew stronger, united by the challenges they faced and the lives they had touched. 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Tom Young在下班回家的路上，偶遇一辆豪华轿车撞上大树并起火。他毫不犹豫地前往救援，发现车内的女司机虽然因安全气囊打开而未受重伤，但已失去意识。面对车门变形无法打开和火焰逐渐蔓延的紧急情况，Tom决定砸碎车窗玻璃救出女司机，但发现仅凭双手无法打破厚实的玻璃。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“时间紧迫，Tom的思绪疯狂地转动。”可知，第一段可描写Tom冒着生命危险救出女孩的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“那位女孩从当地新闻中得知了Tom的困境，感到十分难过。”可知，第二段可描写那位女孩借助家族的关系和资源筹集资金帮助Tom，社区也提供了相应的帮助以及Tom救人这件事带来的积极影响。 2.续写线索：用锤子敲碎玻璃——救出女孩——感到同情——帮助Tom——成为朋友 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①记得：remember/recall ②决定做某事：decide to do sth/determine to do sth ③帮助：help/assist ④拜访：visit/pay a visit to 情绪类 ①同情：empathy/sympathy ②感激的：grateful/appreciative 【点睛】[高分句型1] Carefully, he reached into the vehicle, avoiding the jagged edges, and unbuckled the unconscious young lady.（运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2] Their bond grew stronger, united by the challenges they faced and the lives they had touched.（运用了省略了关系词代词的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $