内容正文:
清单04:上海考试院新增高考词汇200条之多维度详解
一、50 个核心单词精编表(序号 151-200)
单词(含 音标)
释义(含词性)
主要搭配 / 词块 / 变形
151. reverse /rɪˈvɜːs/
v. 颠倒;使完全相反;n. 相反的情况(或事物)
reverse a decision(推翻决定);in reverse(相反地);reversible(adj. 可逆的)
152. rhythm /ˈrɪðəm/
n. 节奏;韵律;律动
rhythm of music(音乐节奏);keep a steady rhythm(保持稳定节奏);rhythmic(adj. 有节奏的)
153. ritual /ˈrɪtʃuəl/
n. 程序;仪规;礼节;adj. 仪式的;例行的
daily ritual(日常惯例);ritual practices(仪式性做法);ritually(adv. 仪式性地)
154. robber /ˈrɒbə(r)/
n. 强盗;盗贼;抢劫犯
bank robber(银行劫匪);catch a robber(抓住抢劫犯);rob(v. 抢劫,动词原形)
155. rough /rʌf/
adj. 汹涌的;风浪很大的;粗糙的;不平滑的;高低不平的
rough sea(汹涌的大海);rough surface(粗糙表面);roughly(adv. 大致地)
156. rub /rʌb/
n./v. 擦;磨;搓
rub hands(搓手);rub against(摩擦);rubber(n. 橡皮;橡胶)
157. sacred /ˈseɪkrɪd/
adj. 神的;神圣的
sacred site(圣地);sacred tradition(神圣传统);sacredness(n. 神圣性)
158. sacrifice /ˈsækrɪfaɪs/
n./v. 牺牲;舍弃 / 牺牲;献出
make a sacrifice(做出牺牲);sacrifice for(为…… 牺牲);sacrificial(adj. 牺牲的)
159. sauce /sɔːs/
n. 调味汁;酱
tomato sauce(番茄酱);soy sauce(酱油);saucepan(n. 炖锅)
160. scale /skeɪl/
n. 天平;范围;秤;v. 称得重量
scale of measurement(测量尺度);weigh on a scale(用秤称重);large-scale(adj. 大规模的)
161. scan /skæn/
v. 扫描 (图像或文件)
scan a document(扫描文件);scan for errors(排查错误);scanner(n. 扫描仪)
162. seal /siːl/
n. 印章;图章;玺;印记;海豹;v. 密封 (容器);封上 (信封)
seal an envelope(封信封);official seal(公章);sealed(adj. 密封的)
163. shrug /ʃrʌɡ/
v. 耸肩 (表示不在乎或不知道)
shrug shoulders(耸肩);shrug off(对…… 不屑一顾);shrug(n. 耸肩动作)
164. sidewalk /ˈsaɪdwɔːk/
n. (马路边的) 人行道
walk on the sidewalk(走人行道);sidewalk café(人行道咖啡馆)
165. sigh /saɪ/
n. 叹气;叹息
deep sigh(深呼吸叹气);sigh of relief(如释重负的叹息);sigh(v. 叹气,动词)
166. slight /slaɪt/
adj. 轻微的;略微的
slight difference(轻微差异);slight pain(轻微疼痛);slightly(adv. 略微地)
167. slope /sləʊp/
n. 斜坡;坡地;vt. 倾斜
steep slope(陡坡);slope down(向下倾斜);sloping(adj. 倾斜的)
168. smash /smæʃ/
v./n. 打碎;破碎
smash a glass(打碎杯子);smash into pieces(摔成碎片);smash(n. 破碎声)
169. soap /səʊp/
n. 肥皂
bath soap(沐浴皂);liquid soap(洗手液);soapy(adj. 涂满肥皂的)
170. souvenir /ˌsuːvəˈnɪə(r)/
n. 纪念物;纪念品;(度假外游的) 礼物
souvenir shop(纪念品商店);buy a souvenir(买纪念品)
171. spill /spɪl/
v. 涌出;蜂拥而出;(使) 洒出 / 泼出 / 溢出
spill coffee(洒咖啡);spill out of(从…… 涌出);spill(n. 洒出量)
172. spit /spɪt/
v. 啐唾沫 (表愤怒 / 鄙视);吐 (唾沫、食物等)
spit on the ground(随地吐痰);spit out(吐出);spit(n. 唾沫)
173. stationery /ˈsteɪʃənri/
n. 文具
office stationery(办公用品);buy stationery(买文具);stationery box(文具盒)
174. status /ˈsteɪtəs/
n. (进展的) 状况;法律地位 (或身份)
social status(社会地位);marital status(婚姻状况);status quo(现状)
175. steadily /ˈstedəli/
adv. 稳定地;稳固地;有规则地
grow steadily(稳步增长);increase steadily(稳步上升);steady(adj. 稳定的,形容词)
176. stock /stɒk/
n. 存货;股票;树干;vt. 为… 备货,供应
in stock(有存货);stock up on(囤积);stock market(股市)
177. strand /strænd/
n. (线、绳、毛发等的) 股,缕;v. (使) 搁浅 / 处于困境
a strand of hair(一缕头发);get stranded(被困);stranded(adj. 搁浅的)
178. supervisor /ˈsuːpəvaɪzə(r)/
n. 监督人,指导者;主管人
team supervisor(团队主管);report to supervisor(向主管汇报);supervise(v. 监督,动词)
179. swallow /ˈswɒləʊ/
v. 吞下;咽下
swallow food(吞咽食物);swallow hard(用力吞咽);swallow(n. 燕子)
180. tap /tæp/
n. 轻击;轻拍;水龙头;vt. 开发;轻扣
water tap(水龙头);tap on the door(轻敲门);tap water(自来水)
181. teen /tiːn/
n. 青少年,少男,少女
teen fashion(青少年时尚);teenager(n. 青少年,完整形式);teenage(adj. 青少年的)
182. tempt /tempt/
v. 劝诱;鼓动
tempt sb. to do(诱使某人做);resist temptation(抵制诱惑,temptation 为名词)
183. tent /tent/
n. 帐篷;帐棚
put up a tent(搭帐篷);camping tent(露营帐篷);tent(v. 暂住,动词)
184. thread /θred/
n. (棉、毛、丝等的) 线;vt. 穿线
cotton thread(棉线);thread a needle(穿针);threaded(adj. 穿好线的)
185. throat /θrəʊt/
n. 咽喉;喉咙
sore throat(喉咙痛);clear one's throat(清嗓子);throaty(adj. 沙哑的)
186. tide /taɪd/
n. 潮汐;潮水;vt. 顺应潮水航行
high tide(涨潮);tide over(帮助度过难关);tidal(adj. 潮汐的)
187. tongue /tʌŋ/
n. 舌;舌头
mother tongue(母语);bite one's tongue(忍住不说);tongue-tied(adj. 说不出话的)
188. trace /treɪs/
v. 查出;找到;追踪;n. 痕迹;踪迹
trace a problem(排查问题);trace of evidence(证据痕迹);traceable(adj. 可追踪的)
189. tragic /ˈtrædʒɪk/
adj. 悲惨的;悲剧的
tragic accident(悲惨事故);tragic story(悲剧故事);tragedy(n. 悲剧,名词)
190. transition /trænˈzɪʃn/
n. 过渡;转变;变革;变迁
transition period(过渡期);transition from...to...(从…… 过渡到……);transitional(adj. 过渡的)
191. tremendous /trəˈmendəs/
adj. 巨大的;极大的
tremendous success(巨大成功);tremendous effort(巨大努力);tremendously(adv. 极其)
192. triangle /ˈtraɪæŋɡl/
n. 三角形;三角形物体
equilateral triangle(等边三角形);form a triangle(构成三角形);triangular(adj. 三角形的)
193. tribe /traɪb/
n. 部落
ancient tribe(古代部落);tribal culture(部落文化);tribal(adj. 部落的)
194. tunnel /ˈtʌnl/
n. 地道;隧道
road tunnel(公路隧道);go through a tunnel(穿过隧道);tunnel(v. 挖隧道,动词)
195. undergo /ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ/
v. 经历,经受 (变化、不快的事等)
undergo surgery(接受手术);undergo changes(经历变化);underwent(过去式)
196. underlie /ˌʌndəˈlaɪ/
v. 构成…… 的基础;作为…… 的原因
underlie the problem(是问题的根源);underlying cause(根本原因,underlying 为 adj.)
197. vocation /vəʊˈkeɪʃn/
n. (适合自己的) 工作;职业
find one's vocation(找到天职);vocational training(职业培训,vocational 为 adj.)
198. voyage /ˈvɔɪɪdʒ/
n. 航行;(尤指) 航海,航天
sea voyage(海上航行);voyage to the moon(月球航行);voyage(v. 航行,动词)
199. wilderness /ˈwɪldənəs/
n. 荒无人烟的地区;荒野
desert wilderness(沙漠荒野);in the wilderness(在荒野中);wild(adj. 野生的,形容词)
200. willingly /ˈwɪlɪŋli/
adv. 愿意;乐意
help willingly(乐意帮忙);accept willingly(欣然接受);willing(adj. 愿意的,形容词)
二、单词实用例句手册(序号 151-200)
1. reverse
· She had to reverse the car to get out of the narrow alley.(她不得不倒车才能驶出狭窄的小巷。)
· The effect of the new policy was the reverse of what the government expected.(新政策的效果与政府预期的相反。)
2. rhythm
· You need to follow the rhythm of the music when dancing.(跳舞时要跟上音乐的节奏。)
· My grandma’s daily life has a strict rhythm: get up at 6 a.m. and go to bed at 9 p.m.(奶奶的日常生活很有规律:早上 6 点起床,晚上 9 点睡觉。)
3. ritual
· Making coffee every morning is his important morning ritual.(每天早上煮咖啡是他重要的晨间惯例。)
· The wedding ritual in this village has been passed down for hundreds of years.(这个村子的婚礼仪式已经传承了几百年。)
4. robber
· The bank robber was caught by the police within 24 hours.(银行劫匪在 24 小时内被警方抓获。)
· She screamed loudly when she saw a robber trying to break into her house.(看到劫匪试图闯入家中,她大声尖叫。)
5. rough
· The sea was too rough for small boats to sail out.(海浪太大,小船无法出海。)
· The surface of this wooden table is very rough; we need to sand it.(这张木桌表面很粗糙,我们需要打磨一下。)
6. rub
· He rubbed his hands together to keep warm in the cold wind.(在寒风中,他搓着手取暖。)
· Rub the stain with soap, and it will come off easily.(用肥皂搓污渍,很容易就能洗掉。)
7. sacred
· This ancient temple is considered a sacred place by local people.(这座古老的寺庙被当地人视为圣地。)
· For many families, the Spring Festival reunion dinner is a sacred tradition.(对许多家庭来说,年夜饭是神圣的传统。)
8. sacrifice
· Parents often sacrifice their own hobbies for their children’s education.(父母常常为了孩子的教育牺牲自己的爱好。)
· She made a big sacrifice to move to another city for her husband’s job.(为了丈夫的工作,她搬到另一个城市,做出了很大牺牲。)
9. sauce
· I like to put tomato sauce on my pasta.(我喜欢在意大利面上浇番茄酱。)
· My mom makes a special sauce with garlic and ginger for stir-fries.(妈妈用大蒜和生姜做一种特制酱料,用来炒菜。)
10. scale
· Please weigh this apple on the scale to see how much it is.(请把这个苹果放在秤上称一下重量。)
· The scale of this new park is much larger than the old one.(这个新公园的规模比旧公园大得多。)
11. scan
· The teacher asked us to scan the article first before reading carefully.(老师让我们先浏览文章,再仔细阅读。)
· He used a scanner to scan the important document into his computer.(他用扫描仪把重要文件扫描到电脑里。)
12. seal
· Remember to seal the envelope before putting it in the mailbox.(把信封放进邮箱前,记得封好口。)
· The official seal on the document shows it is authentic.(文件上的公章表明它是真实有效的。)
13. shrug
· When asked about the mistake, he just shrugged his shoulders and said nothing.(被问到这个错误时,他只是耸了耸肩,什么也没说。)
· She shrugged off the criticism and continued to work on her project.(她对批评不屑一顾,继续做自己的项目。)
14. sidewalk
· Children should walk on the sidewalk instead of the road.(孩子们应该走人行道,而不是马路。)
· We sat at a sidewalk café and enjoyed a cup of coffee.(我们坐在人行道咖啡馆里,喝了杯咖啡。)
15. sigh
· She let out a deep sigh after finishing the tiring work.(完成累人的工作后,她深深叹了口气。)
· There was a sigh of relief in the room when the good news came.(好消息传来时,房间里响起一阵如释重负的叹息。)
16. slight
· There is a slight difference between the two products; you need to look carefully.(这两个产品有细微差别,你得仔细看。)
· She felt a slight pain in her head after working on the computer for hours.(对着电脑工作几小时后,她感觉头有点疼。)
17. slope
· The slope of this hill is too steep for us to climb.(这座山的坡度太陡,我们爬不上去。)
· The road slopes down gently as we drive towards the village.(我们开车向村子驶去时,道路缓缓向下倾斜。)
18. smash
· He accidentally smashed the glass on the floor, and it broke into pieces.(他不小心把杯子摔在地上,摔成了碎片。)
· The heavy rain smashed against the windows all night.(大雨整夜猛击着窗户。)
19. soap
· Use this soap to wash your hands; it kills germs effectively.(用这块肥皂洗手,能有效杀菌。)
· She bought a bottle of liquid soap for the bathroom.(她给浴室买了一瓶洗手液。)
20. souvenir
· I bought a small statue as a souvenir from my trip to Paris.(我从巴黎旅行回来,买了一个小雕像当纪念品。)
· This souvenir shop sells many local handicrafts.(这家纪念品商店卖很多当地手工艺品。)
21. spill
· Be careful not to spill the soup when you carry the bowl.(端碗时小心别把汤洒了。)
· Crowds of people spilled out of the stadium after the concert ended.(音乐会结束后,人群从体育场涌了出来。)
22. spit
· It’s impolite to spit on the ground in public places.(在公共场所随地吐痰是不礼貌的。)
· He spit out the bitter medicine immediately after taking it.(他喝了苦药后,马上就吐了出来。)
23. stationery
· I need to buy some stationery, like pens and notebooks, for the new semester.(新学期我需要买些文具,比如钢笔和笔记本。)
· The company provides free stationery for all employees.(公司为所有员工提供免费文具。)
24. status
· The doctor updated us on the patient’s status every day.(医生每天向我们更新病人的情况。)
· His social status improved after he started his own business.(他创业后,社会地位有所提升。)
25. steadily
· The number of online shoppers has increased steadily over the past five years.(过去五年,网购人数稳步增长。)
· The water level in the river rose steadily after the heavy rain.(大雨后,河水水位稳步上升。)
26. stock
· This popular book is out of stock; we need to wait for the next print run.(这本畅销书卖断货了,我们得等下一批印刷。)
· The store stocks a variety of fresh vegetables every morning.(这家商店每天早上备货各种新鲜蔬菜。)
27. strand
· A strand of white hair appeared on her mother’s head.(妈妈的头上出现了一缕白发。)
· The ship was stranded on a sandbank because of the low tide.(由于退潮,船在沙洲上搁浅了。)
28. supervisor
· My supervisor praised me for finishing the project ahead of time.(我的主管表扬我提前完成了项目。)
· If you have any questions, you can report to your team supervisor.(如果有问题,你可以向团队主管汇报。)
29. swallow
· She swallowed the pill with a glass of water.(她用一杯水咽下了药片。)
· He swallowed hard when he heard the unexpected news.(听到这个意外的消息,他用力咽了咽口水。)
30. tap
· Can you turn off the water tap? It’s dripping.(你能关掉水龙头吗?它在滴水。)
· She tapped on the door gently to avoid waking the baby.(她轻轻敲门,以免吵醒宝宝。)
31. teen
· Most teens like to listen to pop music and hang out with friends.(大多数青少年喜欢听流行音乐,和朋友出去玩。)
· This magazine is mainly for teens aged 13 to 18.(这本杂志主要面向 13 到 18 岁的青少年。)
32. tempt
· The delicious smell of cookies tempted the child to reach for the jar.(饼干的香味诱使孩子伸手去拿罐子。)
· He tried not to be tempted by the offer of easy money.(他努力不被轻松赚钱的诱惑打动。)
33. tent
· We plan to put up a tent by the lake and camp there overnight.(我们计划在湖边搭帐篷,过夜露营。)
· This tent is big enough for three people to sleep in.(这个帐篷足够三个人睡。)
34. thread
· My grandma used red thread to sew the button on my shirt.(奶奶用红线给我缝衬衫上的扣子。)
· It’s hard for her to thread the needle because her eyesight is poor.(她视力不好,穿针很困难。)
35. throat
· Drinking warm water can help soothe a sore throat.(喝温水有助于缓解喉咙痛。)
· He cleared his throat before starting his speech.(他清了清嗓子,然后开始演讲。)
36. tide
· We went to the beach at high tide to watch the waves.(我们涨潮时去海滩看浪。)
· My savings helped tide me over during the unemployment period.(我的积蓄帮我度过了失业期。)
37. tongue
· Her mother tongue is Spanish, but she speaks English fluently.(她的母语是西班牙语,但英语说得很流利。)
· He bit his tongue to stop himself from arguing with his boss.(他忍住不说,避免和老板争吵。)
38. trace
· The police are trying to trace the owner of the lost wallet.(警方正努力追查丢失钱包的主人。)
· There was no trace of the missing dog in the park.(公园里没有失踪小狗的踪迹。)
39. tragic
· The tragic car accident killed three people.(这场悲惨的车祸造成三人死亡。)
· She told us a tragic story about a family separated by war.(她给我们讲了一个因战争分离的家庭的悲剧故事。)
40. transition
· The company is in a transition period from traditional to digital business.(公司正处于从传统业务向数字业务的过渡期。)
· It takes time for students to make the transition from high school to college.(学生从高中过渡到大学需要时间。)
41. tremendous
· The new movie has received tremendous support from audiences.(这部新电影得到了观众的极大支持。)
· She put in tremendous effort to pass the difficult exam.(她付出了巨大努力,通过了这场难考的试。)
42. triangle
· The children used sticks to form a triangle on the ground.(孩子们用棍子在地上摆了一个三角形。)
· This math problem asks us to calculate the area of an equilateral triangle.(这道数学题让我们计算等边三角形的面积。)
43. tribe
· The ancient tribe lived in the forest and hunted for food.(这个古代部落住在森林里,以打猎为生。)
· We learned about tribal customs in our history class.(我们在历史课上了解了部落习俗。)
44. tunnel
· The train went through a long tunnel under the mountain.(火车穿过了一条长长的穿山隧道。)
· It took workers three years to build this road tunnel.(工人们花了三年时间修建这条公路隧道。)
45. undergo
· The patient will undergo an operation next Monday.(病人下周一将接受手术。)
· Our city has undergone great changes in the past decade.(过去十年,我们的城市发生了巨大变化。)
46. underlie
· A lack of communication underlies many family conflicts.(缺乏沟通是许多家庭矛盾的根源。)
· The researcher tried to find the underlying cause of the disease.(研究人员试图找出这种疾病的根本原因。)
47. vocation
· She found her vocation as a teacher after working with children.(和孩子们一起工作后,她找到了自己的天职 —— 当老师。)
· This school offers vocational training for students who want to be chefs.(这所学校为想当厨师的学生提供职业培训。)
48. voyage
· His grandfather went on a long sea voyage when he was young.(他爷爷年轻时进行过一次漫长的海上航行。)
· The astronauts started their voyage to the International Space Station.(宇航员们开始了前往国际空间站的航行。)
49. wilderness
· They went hiking in the wilderness and saw many wild animals.(他们去荒野徒步,看到了很多野生动物。)
· The old castle has been left in the wilderness for hundreds of years.(这座古老的城堡已经在荒野中废弃了几百年。)
50. willingly
· She willingly helped her neighbor carry the heavy boxes.(她乐意帮邻居搬重箱子。)
· He accepted the challenge willingly because he wanted to prove himself.(他欣然接受挑战,因为他想证明自己。)
三、配套练习题(基于 151-200 核心单词)
(一)配对
( ) 1. rhythm
A. 牺牲;舍弃 / 牺牲;献出
( ) 2. sacred
B. 节奏;韵律;律动
( ) 3. sacrifice
C. 神的;神圣的
( ) 4. spill
D. 轻微的;略微的
( ) 5. slight
E. (使) 洒出;(使) 泼出;涌出
( ) 6. slope
F. 斜坡;坡地;(使) 倾斜
( ) 7. trace
G. 隧道;地道
( ) 8. tunnel
H. 查出;找到;痕迹;踪迹
( ) 9. vocation
I. (适合自己的) 工作;职业
( ) 10. willingly
J. 愿意;乐意
(二)请写出所给短语的中文 / 英文意思
1
____________________
日常惯例
2
rough sea
____________________
3
____________________
封上信封
4
sidewalk café
____________________
5
____________________
纪念品商店
6
social status
____________________
7
____________________
搭帐篷
8
sore throat
____________________
9
____________________
根本原因
10
sea voyage
____________________
(三)选词填空
(备选词:reverse, ritual, sacred, spill, slight, slope, trace, tunnel, undergo, willingly)
1. The old tree in the village is considered a ________ symbol by local people.
2. Be careful not to ________ the hot tea when you pass it to me.
3. There is a ________ incline on the road; we need to drive slowly.
4. The police couldn’t find any ________ of the missing person at the scene.
5. She ________ agreed to help me with my homework after school.
6. The company decided to ________ its earlier decision because of public feedback.
7. Brushing teeth before bed is a daily ________ for most people.
8. The patient will ________ a medical check-up next week.
9. The ________ difference in color is hard to notice unless you compare them closely.
10. The train will go through a long ________ before reaching the next station.
(四)句子翻译(需使用括号内指定单词)
1. 他耸肩表示对这个计划不感兴趣。(shrug)
1. 妈妈用番茄酱给我们做了意大利面。(sauce)
1. 这家商店的热门商品已经卖断货了。(stock)
1. 大雨后,河水水位稳步上升。(steadily)
1. 她为了孩子的教育牺牲了自己的事业。(sacrifice)
1. 我们需要找出这个问题的根本原因。(underlie)
1. 学生们正处于从初中到高中的过渡期。(transition)
1. 他付出了巨大努力才完成这项任务。(tremendous)
1. 宇航员们开始了前往火星的航行。(voyage)
1. 她乐意帮忙组织学校的运动会。(willingly)
四、练习题答案
(一)配对
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. E 5. D 6. F 7. H 8. G 9. I 10. J
(二)短语互译
1. daily ritual 2. 汹涌的大海 3. seal the envelope 4. 人行道咖啡馆 5. souvenir shop
2. 社会地位 7. put up a tent 8. 喉咙痛 9. underlying cause 10. 海上航行
(三)选词填空
1. sacred 2. spill 3. slope 4. trace 5. willingly 6. reverse 7. ritual 8. undergo 9. slight 10. tunnel
(四)句子翻译
1. He shrugged his shoulders to show he was not interested in the plan.
2. Mom made pasta for us with tomato sauce.
3. The popular product of this store is out of stock.
4. The water level of the river rose steadily after the heavy rain.
5. She sacrificed her career for her children’s education.
6. We need to find the underlying cause of this problem.
7. Students are in the transition from junior high school to senior high school.
8. He put in tremendous effort to finish this task.
9. The astronauts started their voyage to Mars.
10. She willingly helped organize the school sports meeting.
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