专题04 阅读理解 （议论文） （期末真题汇编，湖南专用）高二英语上学期

专题04 阅读理解（议论文） Passage 1 人与自然——自然生态与环境保护 （24-25学年高二上·湖南长沙市长郡中学·期末） In a dark room, it may seem there will be little to detect in the darkness. However, a bird in the room will be able to pick up on the magnetic field (磁场) of the earth and will know which direction to fly if it is time to migrate (迁徙). A snake will detect the presence of humans in the room by sensing their radiation. Each of these creatures could all be sharing exactly the same physical space and have a totally different experience of that space. Each animal has access to its own sensory environment — called an “umwelt”. “Umwelt” was popularized by a German biologist named Jakob von Uexküll. The word comes from the German for “environment”, but Jakob von Uexküll wasn’t using it to mean the physical environment. He meant the sensory environment, the unique set of smells, sights, sounds and textures that each animal has access to. Humans can’t sense the faint electric fields that sharks and ducks can, or the magnetic fields that robins and sea turtles detect. Our ears can’t hear the call of rodents and hummingbirds, and our eyes can’t see the light that birds and bees can sense. Our noses can’t detect various odors (气味) that dogs would be able to smell. So imagining the world as animals perceive it opens up a new appreciation for the everyday wonders of nature. If we think of nature as something remote and distant, accessible only to someone who can go to a national park, we lose the motivation to save and protect it. Instead, we can go on an adventure just by thinking about the sensory world of the bird that sits on the house opposite us. Then nature would feel like something close. In that case, people will be more motivated to try and protect it. Protecting nature isn’t just about saving whales or pandas, but about protecting things that are close to us. 28. What does the author intend to show by using the example of a dark room? A. Automatic adjustments to the darkness. B. Important functions of sense organs. C. Natural strengths of animals and humans. D. Diverse perceptions of the same environment. 29. What does the underlined word “umwelt” in paragraph 2 mean? A. The natural world. B. The biological science. C. The surroundings that animals detect. D. The environment that animals live in. 30. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Limitations of human senses. B. Wonders of living creatures. C. The lack of animal knowledge. D. The comparison of organs. 31. What does the author suggest doing? A. Presenting the national parks. B. Caring about the creatures around us. C. Rescuing endangered species. D. Appreciating what we possess. Passage 2 人与社会——科学与技术 （23-24学年高二上·湖南省岳阳市岳阳楼区·期末） Technology is more than an abstract concept associated with advanced tools and systems. It also shapes the way people behave, grow and develop, both within their own lives and in their relationships with others. While technology has developed over thousands of years, the last century has seen an explosion in technology that has influenced fundamental changes in how humans see the world and interact with others. Specifically, the Internet and mobile devices have completely changed the way people interact with each other. There has been a debate going on whether technology is benefiting human communication or ruining (破坏) it. Undoubtedly, technology is helping people build newer and necessary communication skills. In business, office employees and managers use technology to send emails to one another, which is considered a communication skill. On social media, just share a few of your images and people start communicating on and about your images according to their viewpoint. With the outbreak of COVID-19, in order to work on the projects, the students use their phones to reach their teachers and classmates. However, technology is sometimes considered to disconnect people from others around them. With cell phones, most people think that it’s easier and more convenient to text instead of meeting in person. Lucas Lengacher, an undergraduate from Huntington University, claims in his article that at least 42.91% people respond to messages immediately yet only 2.83% people don’t check their phones in the morning. In his research he found that almost 60 percent of people felt disconnected from others around when they were on their phones. 32. Which has basically influenced human interaction according to the passage? A. People’s value. B. Social systems. C. Mobile devices. D. Communication skills. 33. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A. The technology is benefiting human communication. B. The technology is ruining human communication. C. People began to communicate with e-mails. D. The outbreak of COVID-19 helps new technology develop. 34. What does Lucas’s research find? A. Phones are getting more and more popular. B. Phones disconnect us when we are together. C. People are eager for personal communication. D. People communicate less because of physical distance. 35. What is the author’s attitude to technology? A. Disappointed. B. Positive. C. Doubtful D. Objective Passage 3 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 （23-24学年高二上·湖南省娄底市新化县·期末） In October, 2019, Beijing Daily warned the youth that they shouldn't let Internet slang (俚语) deepen the generation gap (代沟)，after People Daily started a discussion on Chinese microblog Weibo on how to "explain" the youth's Internet slang terms to parents. The post got 40,000 likes. People were commenting that they couldn't keep up with the rapidly developing Internet lingo (术语) in China. People also fear that Chinese Internet slang will negatively influence broader linguistic (语言的) trends of Mandarin Chinese, in particular, the gradual taking over of pinyin, the romanization of traditional Chinese characters using the Western alphabet. As pinyin gets widely used when people text or write on mobile phones or computers, while less and less people write characters by hand, people gradually forget how to write them, which is called "character amnesia" in China. 2019’s latest slang terms add a further simplification: the use of pinyin acronyms. "Awsl" in pinyin, for instance, means Ah, wo si le (Oh, I'm gonna die), and is used if something is too cute or adorable. "Nsdd" stands for ni shuo de dui (you're right). Certainly, as an age-old written language, Chinese has been evolving and developing over the years. But the Chinese Internet lingo is unlikely to replace the existing use of Mandarin Chinese, but will rather be enriching it by adding another layer. Acronyms aren't new. They have appeared with the limited space available in early-generation cell phone messaging. Some of them have become a part of the English language, such as BTW (by the way) and LOL (laugh out loud), while others had a rather short lifetime. That's likely to be what's going to happen with China's Internet slang terms. Some are going to be old in a few weeks, while others might make it into mainstream use, and as they do, young net users are coming up with new slang words to differentiate themselves. In China, using Internet slang means belonging to a certain generation that likes to watch the same talk shows, play the same games, etc., and therefore, creates unity. Older generations don't have to feel left out, and certainly don't have to fear a degradation (没落)of the Chinese language. While language development is unavoidable, Internet slang is not going to let 6,000 years of Chinese written language completely change overnight. 32. The public are worried about Chinese Internet slang abuse because A. It's used by children to keep secrets from parents. B. It can cause confusion even among young people. C. It was invented in response to the limited messaging space. D. It will rarely have a positive effect on linguistic trends of Chinese. 33. How do Chinese Internet slang terms affect the Chinese language? A. They add variety to the language. B. They are replacing its traditional vocabulary. C. They make the language more global. D. They only have temporary effects on Chinese. 34. By using Internet slang in China, people may get. A. a sense of purpose B. a sense of group identity C. a sense of cultural pride D. a sense of safety 35. Which could be the best title for the passage? A. Is Media Helping Older Generation Understand Internet Slang? B. Is Chinese Language Too Powerful to Be Largely Affected? C. Is Mandarin Chinese Useful to Bridge the Generation Gap? D. Is Internet Slang Deepening the Generation Gap, Ruining Chinese? Passage 4 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 （23-24学年高二上·湖南省株洲市一中·期末） While some critics claim that history curricula (课程) teach unnecessary content, others argue that these curricula need to be more comprehensive. Despite ongoing debates about content, one universal truth remains: strong history curricula are necessary for developing the productive citizens of tomorrow. The greatest academic value that history curricula provide is not the recall of important dates and names. Rather, understanding the historical inquiry process is the most important component. This process teaches students how to become critical thinkers and understand the dynamic nature of the telling of history. Through strong history curricula, students are shown both a variety of primary and secondary sources and are taught to critique them. This is where the historical inquiry process begins. Students not only begin to analyze and ask questions about the content, but they also learn about the author’s credibility and potential bias (偏见). Students are then able to contextualize the information they learn and can think more critically about historical con text and those who tell it. With this framework, students can then understand the causal relationship between human nature, values, philosophy, actions, and their consequences. It teaches students to recognize recurrent themes and lessons that are necessary to understand modern society. Most importantly, it teaches students to develop a healthy skepticism (怀疑论) when presented with information today because our actions are history in the making. Forty years ago, renowned scholar James Fitzgerald argued that no education is complete without the teaching of historical inquiry. He believed that the only way to move forward in life is to understand what’s behind us. Today, this principle still holds true. Students take both the factual knowledge and the historical inquiry skills they learn in the classroom and apply them to real world circumstances. Throughout their lives, students who are taught with strong history curricula will take the lessons they learn from our predecessors and become involved, active, productive citizens who want to create a history that tomorrow’s students will be proud to learn about. 32. What is the biggest academic significance of history learning? A. Passing down Chinese culture. B. Grasping historical inquiry skills. C. Making people more knowledgeable. D. Enriching people’s everyday life. 33. What does the underlined word “critique” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Protect. B. Combine. C. Comment. D. Remember. 34. Why is James Fitzgerald mentioned in the passage? A. To stress the importance of history. B. To point out the essence of education. C. To indicate famous people learn from history. D. To show history contributes to people’s achievements. 35. What can be the best title for the passage? A. It Is the People that Create History B. History Pushes the Wheel of the Times C. History Curricula Are Gaining More Attention D. History Curricula Shape Tomorrow’s Decision Makers 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（议论文） Passage 1 人与自然——自然生态与环境保护 （24-25学年高二上·湖南长沙市长郡中学·期末） In a dark room, it may seem there will be little to detect in the darkness. However, a bird in the room will be able to pick up on the magnetic field (磁场) of the earth and will know which direction to fly if it is time to migrate (迁徙). A snake will detect the presence of humans in the room by sensing their radiation. Each of these creatures could all be sharing exactly the same physical space and have a totally different experience of that space. Each animal has access to its own sensory environment — called an “umwelt”. “Umwelt” was popularized by a German biologist named Jakob von Uexküll. The word comes from the German for “environment”, but Jakob von Uexküll wasn’t using it to mean the physical environment. He meant the sensory environment, the unique set of smells, sights, sounds and textures that each animal has access to. Humans can’t sense the faint electric fields that sharks and ducks can, or the magnetic fields that robins and sea turtles detect. Our ears can’t hear the call of rodents and hummingbirds, and our eyes can’t see the light that birds and bees can sense. Our noses can’t detect various odors (气味) that dogs would be able to smell. So imagining the world as animals perceive it opens up a new appreciation for the everyday wonders of nature. If we think of nature as something remote and distant, accessible only to someone who can go to a national park, we lose the motivation to save and protect it. Instead, we can go on an adventure just by thinking about the sensory world of the bird that sits on the house opposite us. Then nature would feel like something close. In that case, people will be more motivated to try and protect it. Protecting nature isn’t just about saving whales or pandas, but about protecting things that are close to us. 28. What does the author intend to show by using the example of a dark room? A. Automatic adjustments to the darkness. B. Important functions of sense organs. C. Natural strengths of animals and humans. D. Diverse perceptions of the same environment. 29. What does the underlined word “umwelt” in paragraph 2 mean? A. The natural world. B. The biological science. C. The surroundings that animals detect. D. The environment that animals live in. 30. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Limitations of human senses. B. Wonders of living creatures. C. The lack of animal knowledge. D. The comparison of organs. 31. What does the author suggest doing? A. Presenting the national parks. B. Caring about the creatures around us. C. Rescuing endangered species. D. Appreciating what we possess. 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者号召我们应想象动物所感知的世界，从而更利于我们去保护它们。 【解析】 【28题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段最后一句“Each of these creatures could all be sharing exactly the same physical space and have a totally different experience of that space.(这些生物中的每一种都可能共享完全相同的物理空间，并对该空间有完全不同的体验。)”可知，文章通过举例想说明动物对同一环境的不同感知。故选D项。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第二段“Each animal has access to its own sensory environment (每种动物都有自己的感官环境)”以及“The word comes from the German for “environment”, but Jakob von Uexküll wasn’t using it to mean the physical environment. He meant the sensory environment, the unique set of smells, sights, sounds and textures that each animal has access to.(这个词来自德语，意思是“环境”，但Jakob von Uexküll并没有用它来指代物理环境。他指的是感官环境，即每只动物都能接触到的独特的气味、视觉、声音和纹理。)”可知，umwelt应指“动物探测到的周围环境”。故选C项。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。由第三段“Humans can’t sense the faint electric fields that sharks and ducks can, or the magnetic fields that robins and sea turtles detect. Our ears can’t hear the call of rodents and hummingbirds, and our eyes can’t see the light that birds and bees can sense. Our noses can’t detect various odors(气味)that dogs would be able to smell.(人类无法感知鲨鱼和鸭子所能感知的微弱电场，也无法感知知更鸟和海龟所能探测到的磁场。我们的耳朵听不到啮齿动物和蜂鸟的叫声，我们的眼睛也看不到鸟类和蜜蜂能感觉到的光线。我们的鼻子检测不到狗能闻到的各种气味。)”可知，这段主要讲人类感官的局限性。故选A项。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Instead, we can go on an adventure just by thinking about the sensory world of the bird that sits on the house opposite us. Then nature would feel like something close. In that case, people will be more motivated to try and protect it. Protecting nature isn’t just about saving whales or pandas, but about protecting things that are close to us.(相反，我们可以通过思考坐在我们对面房子上的鸟的感官世界来进行冒险。然后大自然会感觉像是一种亲近的东西。在这种情况下，人们会更有动力去尝试和保护它。保护自然不仅仅是拯救鲸鱼或熊猫，而是保护我们身边的东西。)”可知，本段作者建议我们应关心我们周围的生物。故选B项。 Passage 2 人与社会——科学与技术 （23-24学年高二上·湖南省岳阳市岳阳楼区·期末） Technology is more than an abstract concept associated with advanced tools and systems. It also shapes the way people behave, grow and develop, both within their own lives and in their relationships with others. While technology has developed over thousands of years, the last century has seen an explosion in technology that has influenced fundamental changes in how humans see the world and interact with others. Specifically, the Internet and mobile devices have completely changed the way people interact with each other. There has been a debate going on whether technology is benefiting human communication or ruining (破坏) it. Undoubtedly, technology is helping people build newer and necessary communication skills. In business, office employees and managers use technology to send emails to one another, which is considered a communication skill. On social media, just share a few of your images and people start communicating on and about your images according to their viewpoint. With the outbreak of COVID-19, in order to work on the projects, the students use their phones to reach their teachers and classmates. However, technology is sometimes considered to disconnect people from others around them. With cell phones, most people think that it’s easier and more convenient to text instead of meeting in person. Lucas Lengacher, an undergraduate from Huntington University, claims in his article that at least 42.91% people respond to messages immediately yet only 2.83% people don’t check their phones in the morning. In his research he found that almost 60 percent of people felt disconnected from others around when they were on their phones. 32. Which has basically influenced human interaction according to the passage? A. People’s value. B. Social systems. C. Mobile devices. D. Communication skills. 33. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A. The technology is benefiting human communication. B. The technology is ruining human communication. C. People began to communicate with e-mails. D. The outbreak of COVID-19 helps new technology develop. 34. What does Lucas’s research find? A. Phones are getting more and more popular. B. Phones disconnect us when we are together. C. People are eager for personal communication. D. People communicate less because of physical distance. 35. What is the author’s attitude to technology? A. Disappointed. B. Positive. C. Doubtful D. Objective 【答案】32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 【导语】这是一篇议论文，探讨了科技对人类交流的正反性。科技在为人类沟通和交流提供便利的同时，有时也被认为是切断了人们与周围人的联系。 【解析】 【32题详解】 细节理解题。文章第一段中“Specifically, the Internet and mobile devices have completely changed the way people interact with each other. (具体来说，互联网和移动设备已经完全改变了人们相互交流的方式)”可知，影响人类互动的因素是移动设备。故选C项。 【33题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段中“Undoubtedly, technology is helping people build newer and necessary communication skills. In business, office employees and managers use technology to send emails to one another, which is considered a communication skill. On social media, just share a few of your images and people start communicating on and about your images according to their viewpoint. With the outbreak of COVID-19, in order to work on the projects, the students use their phones to reach their teachers and classmates.(毫无疑问，技术正在帮助人们培养更新的、必要的沟通技能。在商业中，办公室员工和经理使用技术相互发送电子邮件，这被认为是一种沟通技能。在社交媒体上，只需分享一些你的照片，人们就会开始根据自己的观点就你的照片进行交流。随着新冠肺炎的爆发，为了完成这些项目，学生们用手机联系老师和同学)”可知，第二段是从三个案例即：商业中、社交媒体和新冠疫情中阐述了科技有利于人类交流。故选A项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In his research he found that almost 60 percent of people felt disconnected from others around when they were on their phones.(在他的研究中，他发现几乎60%的人在使用手机时感觉与周围的人隔绝了)”可知，60%在使用手机可是却感觉与周围的人隔绝。故选B项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Undoubtedly, technology is helping people build newer and necessary communication skills.(毫无疑问，技术正在帮助人们建立新的、必要的沟通技能) ”和第三段首句“However, technology is sometimes considered to disconnect people from others around them.(然而，科技有时被认为是切断了人们与周围人的联系)”可知，作者是从正反双方面分析了科技对人类交流产生的影响，因此作者的态度是客观的。故选D项。 Passage 3 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 （23-24学年高二上·湖南省娄底市新化县·期末） In October, 2019, Beijing Daily warned the youth that they shouldn't let Internet slang (俚语) deepen the generation gap (代沟)，after People Daily started a discussion on Chinese microblog Weibo on how to "explain" the youth's Internet slang terms to parents. The post got 40,000 likes. People were commenting that they couldn't keep up with the rapidly developing Internet lingo (术语) in China. People also fear that Chinese Internet slang will negatively influence broader linguistic (语言的) trends of Mandarin Chinese, in particular, the gradual taking over of pinyin, the romanization of traditional Chinese characters using the Western alphabet. As pinyin gets widely used when people text or write on mobile phones or computers, while less and less people write characters by hand, people gradually forget how to write them, which is called "character amnesia" in China. 2019’s latest slang terms add a further simplification: the use of pinyin acronyms. "Awsl" in pinyin, for instance, means Ah, wo si le (Oh, I'm gonna die), and is used if something is too cute or adorable. "Nsdd" stands for ni shuo de dui (you're right). Certainly, as an age-old written language, Chinese has been evolving and developing over the years. But the Chinese Internet lingo is unlikely to replace the existing use of Mandarin Chinese, but will rather be enriching it by adding another layer. Acronyms aren't new. They have appeared with the limited space available in early-generation cell phone messaging. Some of them have become a part of the English language, such as BTW (by the way) and LOL (laugh out loud), while others had a rather short lifetime. That's likely to be what's going to happen with China's Internet slang terms. Some are going to be old in a few weeks, while others might make it into mainstream use, and as they do, young net users are coming up with new slang words to differentiate themselves. In China, using Internet slang means belonging to a certain generation that likes to watch the same talk shows, play the same games, etc., and therefore, creates unity. Older generations don't have to feel left out, and certainly don't have to fear a degradation (没落)of the Chinese language. While language development is unavoidable, Internet slang is not going to let 6,000 years of Chinese written language completely change overnight. 32. The public are worried about Chinese Internet slang abuse because A. It's used by children to keep secrets from parents. B. It can cause confusion even among young people. C. It was invented in response to the limited messaging space. D. It will rarely have a positive effect on linguistic trends of Chinese. 33. How do Chinese Internet slang terms affect the Chinese language? A. They add variety to the language. B. They are replacing its traditional vocabulary. C. They make the language more global. D. They only have temporary effects on Chinese. 34. By using Internet slang in China, people may get. A. a sense of purpose B. a sense of group identity C. a sense of cultural pride D. a sense of safety 35. Which could be the best title for the passage? A. Is Media Helping Older Generation Understand Internet Slang? B. Is Chinese Language Too Powerful to Be Largely Affected? C. Is Mandarin Chinese Useful to Bridge the Generation Gap? D. Is Internet Slang Deepening the Generation Gap, Ruining Chinese? 【答案】32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D 【分析】本文是议论文，网络俚语是否会加剧代沟，毁灭汉语？文章展开了论述。 【解析】 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“People also fear that Chinese Internet slang will negatively influence broader linguistic（语言的）trends of Mandarin Chinese” 人们还担心，中国的网络俚语会对普通话更广泛的语言趋势产生负面影响。可知，公众担心网络俚语是因为它很少对汉语的语言发展趋势产生积极的影响，故选D项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“But the Chinese Internet lingo is unlikely to replace the existing use of Mandarin Chinese, but will rather be enriching it by adding another layer.” 但中文网络用语不太可能取代现有的普通话，而是会通过增加另一层来丰富它。可知，网络用语对中文的影响是增加了语言的多样性，故选A项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“In China, using Internet slang means belonging to a certain generation that likes to watch the same talk shows, play the same games, etc., and therefore, creates unity.”在中国，使用网络俚语意味着属于某一代人，喜欢看同样的脱口秀，玩同样的游戏等等，因此，创造团结。可知，在中国使用网路俚语会使人们获得群体认同感，故选B项。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。 根据第一段“In October, 2019, Beijing Daily warned the youth that they shouldn't let Internet slang deepen the generation gap” 2019年10月，《北京日报》警告年轻人，他们不应该让网络俚语加深代沟。第一段提到了网络俚语可能加深人们之间的代沟。再根据最后一段“While language development is unavoidable, Internet slang is not going to let 6,000 years of Chinese written language completely change overnight” 虽然语言的发展是不可避免的，但网络俚语不会让6000年的中文书面语言在一夜之间完全改变。最后一段提出网络俚语不会毁灭汉语，所以文章主要围绕着网络俚语是否加剧代沟，毁灭汉语展开。这篇文章最好的题目是“网络俚语正在加剧代沟，毁灭汉语吗?”故选D项。 Passage 4 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 （23-24学年高二上·湖南省株洲市一中·期末） While some critics claim that history curricula (课程) teach unnecessary content, others argue that these curricula need to be more comprehensive. Despite ongoing debates about content, one universal truth remains: strong history curricula are necessary for developing the productive citizens of tomorrow. The greatest academic value that history curricula provide is not the recall of important dates and names. Rather, understanding the historical inquiry process is the most important component. This process teaches students how to become critical thinkers and understand the dynamic nature of the telling of history. Through strong history curricula, students are shown both a variety of primary and secondary sources and are taught to critique them. This is where the historical inquiry process begins. Students not only begin to analyze and ask questions about the content, but they also learn about the author’s credibility and potential bias (偏见). Students are then able to contextualize the information they learn and can think more critically about historical con text and those who tell it. With this framework, students can then understand the causal relationship between human nature, values, philosophy, actions, and their consequences. It teaches students to recognize recurrent themes and lessons that are necessary to understand modern society. Most importantly, it teaches students to develop a healthy skepticism (怀疑论) when presented with information today because our actions are history in the making. Forty years ago, renowned scholar James Fitzgerald argued that no education is complete without the teaching of historical inquiry. He believed that the only way to move forward in life is to understand what’s behind us. Today, this principle still holds true. Students take both the factual knowledge and the historical inquiry skills they learn in the classroom and apply them to real world circumstances. Throughout their lives, students who are taught with strong history curricula will take the lessons they learn from our predecessors and become involved, active, productive citizens who want to create a history that tomorrow’s students will be proud to learn about. 32. What is the biggest academic significance of history learning? A. Passing down Chinese culture. B. Grasping historical inquiry skills. C. Making people more knowledgeable. D. Enriching people’s everyday life. 33. What does the underlined word “critique” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Protect. B. Combine. C. Comment. D. Remember. 34. Why is James Fitzgerald mentioned in the passage? A. To stress the importance of history. B. To point out the essence of education. C. To indicate famous people learn from history. D. To show history contributes to people’s achievements. 35. What can be the best title for the passage? A. It Is the People that Create History B. History Pushes the Wheel of the Times C. History Curricula Are Gaining More Attention D. History Curricula Shape Tomorrow’s Decision Makers 【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要分析了学习历史学科对人们的重要意义，认为学习历史能够让学生们成为积极主动富有成效的公民。 【解析】 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The greatest academic value that history curricula provide is not the recall of important dates and names. Rather, understanding the historical inquiry process is the most important component.(历史课程提供的最大学术价值不是回忆重要的日期和名字。相反，了解历史调查过程是最重要的组成部分)”可知，作者认为学习历史的最大的意义在于了解历史探究过程。故选B。 【33题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词后的“This is where the historical inquiry process begins. Students not only begin to analyze and ask questions about the content, but they also learn about the author's credibility and potential bias (偏见). Students are then able to contextualize the information they learn and can think more critically about historical con text and those who tell it. (这就是历史调查过程开始的地方。学生们不仅要开始分析文章内容并提出问题，还要了解作者的可信度和潜在偏见。这样，学生们就能够将他们所学到的信息语境化，并能更批判性地思考历史背景和那些讲述历史的人)”可知，此处介绍如何对一些资料进行历史探究，了解作者的可信度、偏见以便能更批判性地思考历史背景和那些讲述历史的人。由此推知，划线词critique与comment“评论”意思一致。故选C。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Forty years ago, renowned scholar James Fitzgerald argued that no education is complete without the teaching of historical inquiry. He believed that the only way to move forward in life is to understand what's behind us.(40年前，著名学者詹姆斯·菲茨杰拉德认为，没有历史探究的教育是不完整的。他认为，在生活中前进的唯一途径是了解我们身后的事情)”可推知，文章中提到了詹姆斯·菲茨杰拉德，以强调历史的重要性。故选A。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Despite ongoing debates about content, one universal truth remains: strong history curricula are necessary for developing the productive citizens of tomorrow.(尽管关于内容的争论仍在继续，但一个普遍的真理仍然存在：强有力的历史课程对于培养未来有生产力的公民是必要的)”及下文论述可知。文章主要分析了学习历史学科对人们的重要意义，认为学习历史能够让学生们成为积极主动富有成效的公民。由此可知，D. History Curricula Shape Tomorrow’s Decision Makers(历史课程塑造未来的决策者)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $