专题03 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编，福建专用）高一英语上学期

专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01人与自我——身心健康管理 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省莆田锦江中学·期末） Are you preparing for a big test? If so, you may want to play some basketball in between hitting the books. Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels (血管) , including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. She says, “While we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can really cause physical changes in the brain.” The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies. Babies who do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active. With babies, even a little movement can show big results. Older people can beef up their brain as well. Scientists from 11 universities studied a group of seniors aged from 70 to 79. Their study showed a short-term memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week. The exercise does not have to be very difficult, but it does have to increase the heart rate. Also, just like the motion for babies, exercise for seniors should involve some complexity (复杂). Learning some new skills or motions, such as with yoga or Tai Ji, helps open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main goal is to increase the brain’s flow of blood. And your brain can benefit from as little as three hours of exercise a week. 1．What do we know from paragraph 1? A．The brain needs special mental exercise. B．The more exercise, the bigger the brain. C．Exercise helps the brain develop better. D．Exercise makes us stronger and happier. 2．What does the underlined “beef up” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Organise. B．Improve. C．Relax. D．Rescue. 3．How can 3 hours of proper exercise a week help? A．Lengthen the age from 70 to 79. B．Increase the heart rate of babies. C．Benefit seniors’ short-term memory. D．Open up memory paths for students. 4．What is the purpose of the text? A．To offer advice on how to do exercise. B．To introduce ways to change the brain. C．To give tips on how to raise test scores. D．To encourage exercise for brain benefit. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是通过适当的运动能够促进大脑功能的发育。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development.(医生们开始发现越来越多的信息表明运动和大脑发育之间存在联系。)”可知，医生发现运动与大脑发育之间存在着联系，结合下文的“Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels (血管) , including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better.(俄勒冈健康与科学大学的科学家Judy Cameron研究大脑发育。根据她的研究，运动似乎可以使血管，包括大脑中的血管，更强壮，更充分地发育。)”可知，运动可以使包括大脑中的血管在内的血管能更充分地发育，由此可知，从第一段中我们可以了解到的是运动有助于大脑更好地发育。故选C项。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies. Babies who do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active.(运动对大脑发育的影响甚至可以在婴儿身上看到。那些需要大量运动和体力活动的婴儿比那些体力活动较少的婴儿表现出更大的大脑发育。)”可知，运动对大脑发育的影响甚至可以在婴儿身上看到，根据划线短语前的“Older people can”与其后的“their brain as well.”可知，此处讲述的应是运动老人的大脑也有影响，结合下文中的“Scientists from 11 universities studied a group of seniors aged from 70 to 79. Their study showed a short-term memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week.(来自11所大学的科学家对一组年龄在70岁至79岁之间的老年人进行了研究。他们的研究表明，每周只运动三小时，短期记忆力就会提高40%。)”可知，研究发现，每周只运动三小时，年龄在70岁至79岁之间的老年人的短期记忆力就会提高40%，由此可知，运动有助于增强老人的大脑，所以划线短语的意思与“增强”意义相近。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Scientists from 11 universities studied a group of seniors aged from 70 to 79. Their study showed a short-term memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week.(来自11所大学的科学家对一组年龄在70岁至79岁之间的老年人进行了研究。他们的研究表明，每周只运动三小时，短期记忆力就会提高40%。)”可知，对年龄在70岁至79岁之间的老年人的研究表明，每周只运动三个小时，短期记忆就会提高40%，由此可知，运动有利于老年人的短期记忆。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据尾段中的“For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main goal is to increase the brain’s flow of blood. And your brain can benefit from as little as three hours of exercise a week.(对大多数人来说，任何增加心率的体育活动都是有益的。主要目标是增加大脑的血液流动。你的大脑可以从每周3小时的运动中受益。)”可知，任何增加心率的体育活动都是有益的，大脑可以从每周3小时的运动中受益，由此可知，本文主要介绍的是通过适当的体育活动能够促进大脑功能的发育，所以本文的目的是鼓励人们为了大脑健康而进行运动。故选D项。 Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省漳州市·期末） As a child, Josh Patner became used to stepping over his mom, who would lie down in the kitchen to escape his grandmother’s nagging (唠叨). Patner’s father, also a fan of the floor, took a 20-minute rest under the piano each night after work. It’s therefore unsurprising that Patner enjoys floor time —in part to stretch (伸展) his body because he has a back pain, but also because it’s calming. Lily Bishop, a graduate student, loves lying flat on her back, silently staring at the ceiling. “I am a floor person.” she said. “Meeting just ended? Floor. Home from the gym? Floor. I find it makes me more relaxed and slows down the anxious thoughts.” What’s so great about being on the floor? Although there aren’t enough researches that explore the benefits of lying on the ground, experts say spending time on the floor can help us feel grounded. When you lie flat on your back, your gesture is open and relaxed, which may have a calming effect, said Fllen Hendriksen, a psychologist in Boston. “Your body and mood want to cling (保持一致). This is why it’s difficult to feel hopeful if you’re sitting in your chair, head hanging down.” she said. Lying on the ground might also help us avoid ruminating, or repeatedly going over the same negative (消极的) thoughts in your head, explained Alan Fogel, a professor at the University of Utah. “Typically what happens, especially in familiar places like our bed, is that our mind keeps working,” Fogel said. “We think about what happened during the day and what we should have done.” When lying on the floor, however, you may realize more what your body is feeling and focus less on your thoughts. To get comfortable, it becomes necessary to go down to the floor and soften your muscles, Fogel added. The focus on letting go makes it easier to help the body and mind reduce the pressure —to “just be,” he said. 1．Why are Patner and Bishop mentioned in the first two paragraphs? A．To stress the influence of families’ traditions. B．To tell different habits of different people. C．To introduce a special way to relax. D．To state the anxiety of the young. 2．What can we know about being on the floor? A．It has changed people’s lifestyle. B．It has led to further researches. C．It brings people peace of mind. D．It cures people of diseases. 3．What does the underlined word “ruminating” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Overthinking. B．Oversleeping. C．Misbehaving. D．Misunderstanding. 4．How does Fogel support his opinions in the last paragraph? A．By explaining rules. B．By doing experiments. C．By making comparison. D．By referring to studies. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了躺在地板上这种特殊的放松方式。文章通过Patner和Bishop的例子引出话题，然后通过专家的观点解释了躺在地板上的好处，如帮助人们放松身心、减少焦虑等。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s therefore unsurprising that Patner enjoys floor time —in part to stretch (伸展) his body because he has a back pain, but also because it’s calming(因此，帕特纳喜欢待在地板上也就不足为奇了——部分原因是这样可以伸展他的身体，因为他有背痛，但这也能让他平静下来)”和第二段“Lily Bishop, a graduate student, loves lying flat on her back, silently staring at the ceiling. “I am a floor person.” she said. “Meeting just ended? Floor. Home from the gym? Floor. I find it makes me more relaxed and slows down the anxious thoughts.( 研究生莉莉·毕晓普喜欢平躺着，静静地盯着天花板。“我是个喜欢地板的人。”她说，“会议刚结束？躺在地板上。从健身房回家？也躺在地板上。我发现这样让我更放松，也能减缓焦虑的情绪)”可知，这两段讲述了Patner和Bishop喜欢躺在地板上放松的情况，从而引出下文对躺在地板上这种放松方式的介绍，所以提到他们两人是为了介绍一种特殊的放松方式。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Although there aren’t enough researches that explore the benefits of lying on the ground, experts say spending time on the floor can help us feel grounded(虽然没有足够的研究来探索躺在地上的好处，但专家表示，在地板上度过一段时间可以让我们感觉更踏实)”以及最后一段“The focus on letting go makes it easier to help the body and mind reduce the pressure(专注于放松身心，能更容易地帮助身体和心灵减轻压力)”可知，躺在地板上能让人内心平静，减轻压力。故选C项。 3．词义猜测题。根据第四段“Lying on the ground might also help us avoid …, or repeatedly going over the same negative (消极的) thoughts in your head(躺在地板上也可能有助于我们避免……，或者反复思考头脑中同样的消极想法)”可知，下文提到了反复思考，可推理出划线单词的意思与ruminating“过度思考”意义相近。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“To get comfortable, it becomes necessary to go down to the floor and soften your muscles, Fogel added. The focus on letting go makes it easier to help the body and mind reduce the pressure —to “just be,” he said.(Fogel补充说，为了让自己舒服，就有必要躺到地板上放松肌肉。专注于放手会让身心更容易减压——也就是“顺其自然”，他说)”可知，Fogel通过将躺在地板上和在床上进行对比，来支持自己的观点，所以他是通过作比较来支撑自己的观点的。故选C项。 Passage 3 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省莆田第八中学·期末） A recent study has discovered that gentle sound stimulation, referred to as pink noise, could enhance deep sleep among older adults and strengthen their word recall abilities. Deep sleep is critical for memory consolidation. But beginning in middle age, it decreases considerably, contributing to memory loss in aging. The sound stimulation significantly enhanced deep sleep in participants and their scores on a memory test. This innovative approach offers a simple and safe means to potentially enhance memory among older individuals and mitigate the natural age-related memory decline. A team of researchers from the Northwestern University in the US gathered 13 adults aged 60 and above, monitoring their sleep in a lab for two nights. On both nights, the participants underwent a memory test, went to bed while wearing headphones and a special cap, and took the memory test again in the morning. But without the participants’ awareness, researchers only played pink noise into the headphones on one night. More specifically, they timed the sounds to match the participants’ slow-wave oscillations. During deep sleep, brain waves slow to approximately one oscillation per second, compared to about ten oscillations per second during wakefulness. The system they employed in the study allowed the team to deliver a low burst of pink noise at the “precise moment” when the participants’ slow waves rose — a pattern that is unique to each person. The study found that participants’ slow waves increased after the night of sound stimulation, suggesting a potential enhancement in their deep sleep quality. And in the morning after hearing pink noise, they performed three times better on memory tests than they did after sleeping without any sound stimulation. The study was a relatively small one and Northwestern has taken steps to confirm its findings and to study how longer-term use of pink noise affects sleep. The team aims to develop an affordable device that people can use at home, from the comfort of their beds. 1．What did the study reveal about the impact of pink noise? A．It disturbs overall sleep quality. B．It weakens word recall abilities. C．It increases the length of sleep. D．It boosts memory performance. 2．The underlined word “mitigate” in the second paragraph most probably means _________. A．decrease B．notice C．worsen D．describe 3．What can be learned about the new study? A．It adjusted participants’ slow-wave oscillations precisely. B．It employed a sound system to match slow-wave oscillations. C．It compared different sound effects on the elderly and the youth. D．It played various sorts of pink noises into participants’ headphones. 4．It can be inferred that the approach used in the study _________. A．pose a long-term risk for older adults. B．requires an innovative and affordable device C．has the potential to be put into practice. D．lacks researchers’ interest in confirming findings. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了一项新的研究发现，轻柔的声音刺激，有助于改善老年人的深度睡眠，并提高他们回忆单词的能力。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“A recent study has discovered that gentle sound stimulation, referred to as pink noise, could enhance deep sleep among older adults and strengthen their word recall abilities.”（最近的一项研究发现，柔和的声音刺激，被称为粉红噪音，可以改善老年人的深度睡眠，增强他们的单词记忆能力。）可知，该研究表明粉红噪音可以改善老年人的深度睡眠，增强他们的单词记忆能力，即提高他们的记忆力。故选D项。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段第三四句“The sound stimulation significantly enhanced deep sleep in participants and their scores on a memory test. This innovative approach offers a simple and safe means to potentially enhance memory among older individuals”（声音刺激显著提高了参与者的深度睡眠和他们在记忆测试中的得分。这种创新的方法为潜在提高老年人的记忆力提供了一种简单而安全的方法）并结合第一段内容可知，该方法可以提高老年人的记忆力，故推知它可以减轻与年龄相关的自然记忆的衰退，故推知mitigate意为“减轻，减少”。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段第四五句“More specifically, they timed the sounds to match the participants’ slow-wave oscillations. During deep sleep, brain waves slow to approximately one oscillation per second, compared to about ten oscillations per second during wakefulness.”（更具体地说，他们对声音进行了定时，以匹配参与者的慢波振荡。在深度睡眠时，脑电波缓慢到大约每秒一次振荡，而在清醒时大约每秒10次振荡）可知，新研究采用了一种声音系统来匹配慢波振荡。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Northwestern has taken steps to confirm its findings and to study how longer-term use of pink noise affects sleep. The team aims to develop an affordable device that people can use at home, from the comfort of their beds.”（西北大学已采取措施证实其发现，并研究长期使用粉红噪音对睡眠的影响。该团队的目标是开发一种价格合理的设备，人们可以在舒适的床上在家使用。）可推知，本研究中使用的方法具有应用于实践的潜力。故选C项。 主题02人与自我——自我成长与能力提升 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省南平市·期末） In recent years, scientists have found that practicing or enjoying arts can change your brain and behavior. For example, children who enjoy creative activities at age 7 are less likely to have behavioral problems at age 11. Assal Habibi, a neuroscientist in Los Angeles, studies how music affects the brain. She found that kids in music programs tend to manage executive-function (执行功能) tasks better than kids who aren’t involved in music. Doodling (涂鸦) while learning something can also help people better remember that information. In one study, 12 to 13-year-old students in Iran took short tests after a series of science lessons. During some lessons, students were given paper and invited to doodle during class. Those who did so enhanced their test grades, compared with those who hadn’t. This suggests that art might help people learn, even about unrelated things. In the 1990s, Mariale Hardiman was a school leader in Baltimore, who noticed students’ test scores were dropping. She started a program called arts integration, and used art in many subjects. Students made raps for history, songs for math, and dances for science. This helped them remember more and get higher test scores. You don’t need training or talent to make or enjoy art. Just include it in your everyday life, like singing, drumming, or putting together skits with friends. Bone, a researcher in London, says we should think broadly about creativity, especially for young people. For example, creating content for TikTok requires a lot of creativity. Some research shows that even viewing art can cause lasting changes in how we feel and act. So visit museums. Go to concerts. Watch plays. All of these may help improve brainpower in useful ways. Let your inner artist shine. 1．How does taking part in arts affect children? A．It makes them behave better. B．It improves their expressive skills. C．It repairs their brain functions. D．It helps them get information easily. 2．What does the underlined word “enhanced” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Controlled. B．Revised. C．Improved. D．Checked. 3．What can we learn from paragraph 4? A．Arts have different forms. B．Viewing art has little effect. C．Enjoying art needs creativity. D．Arts should be a part of daily life. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward arts? A．Objective. B．Unclear. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了近年来，科学家们发现练习或欣赏艺术可以改变人的大脑和行为，解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“She found that kids in music programs tend to manage executive-function (执行功能) tasks better than kids who aren’t involved in music.(她发现，参加音乐课程的孩子往往比没有参加音乐课程的孩子更善于处理执行功能任务)”以及第二段“This suggests that art might help people learn, even about unrelated things.(这表明艺术可以帮助人们学习，甚至是不相关的东西)”可知，参加艺术活动这会让孩子们表现得更好。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“This suggests that art might help people learn, even about unrelated things.(这表明艺术可以帮助人们学习，甚至是不相关的东西)”可知，研究结果表明艺术可以帮助人们学习，所以推测被邀请涂鸦的学生考试成绩提高了。故划线词意思是“提高”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Just include it in your everyday life, like singing, drumming, or putting together skits with friends.(把它融入到你的日常生活中，比如唱歌、打鼓，或者和朋友一起表演小品)”可知，艺术应该是日常生活的一部分。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So visit museums. Go to concerts. Watch plays. All of these may help improve brainpower in useful ways. Let your inner artist shine.(所以去参观博物馆吧。去听音乐会。看戏剧。所有这些都可能以有用的方式帮助提高智力。让你内心的艺术家发光吧)”可知，作者对艺术的态度是支持的。故选C。 Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省莆田市第十五中学·期末） Feeling a bit bored? It could be just what you need to produce your best ideas, excite your creativity or simply give your brain a rest. Nowadays, in the age of round-the-clock entertainment, it’s (technically) trickier to be bored. If the show you’re watching has lost its spark, you can easily amuse yourself on social media without even leaving the sofa. But that’s not necessarily a good thing. Feeling disengaged from the task in hand, or a lack of stimulation (刺激), does have its benefits, according to researchers at the University of Central Lancashire. Being bored motivates you to search out something less boring to do. For example, if you decide there’s nothing worth watching on TV, you might choose to switch off and take up a new hobby. This, according to researchers, can explain why the lockdowns of the past two years saw a surge (激增) in creativity among people stuck at home from banana-bread-making to picking up a paintbrush for the first time since childhood. But what about those times when you have no choice but to stick with the boring situation, waiting for a bus, for instance? The good news is that the boredom you’re feeling now could spark your creativity later, says a 2019 study published in the Academy of Management Discoveries journal. People who’d taken part in a bean-sorting task later performed better at coming up with creative ideas than another group who’d been given something more interesting to do first. Ultimately, don’t take it for granted that there’ll always be something close at hand to entertain us. With boredom, we will not run the risk of becoming boring ourselves. 1．What does the author imply in paragraph 2? A．Wondering mind can be healthy. B．Social media can surely entertain us. C．Being bored may be something good. D．Being involved in the task is beneficial. 2．Why was the surge in creativity seen recently? A．People were stimulated by boredom. B．People were better equipped at home. C．People had more hobbies to choose from. D．People were more concerned about mental being. 3．What is the purpose of the bean-sorting task in the 2019 study? A．To create a boring situation. B．To reduce people’s boredom. C．To make a funny performance. D．To show an entertainment at hand. 4．What is the best title of the passage? A．What is the point of creativity? B．Are we more easily bored nowadays? C．How can we deal with daily boredom? D．Does boredom make us more creative? 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过一系列的研究实验发现无聊可以激发创造力。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Feeling disengaged from the task in hand, or a lack of stimulation , does have its benefits, according to researchers at the University of Central Lancashire.（中央兰开夏大学的研究人员表示，对手头工作感到心不在焉或缺乏刺激确实有好处。）”可推断，作者在第二段中暗示了无聊可能是件好事。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“For example, if you decide there’s nothing worth watching on TV, you might choose to switch off and take up a new hobby.This, according to researchers, can explain why the lockdowns of the past two years saw a surge  in creativity among people stuck at home from banana-bread-making to picking up a paintbrush for the first time since childhood.（例如，如果你觉得没有什么值得看的电视节目，你可以选择关掉它，培养新的爱好。研究人员表示，这可以解释为什么在过去两年的封锁中，到童年以来首次拿起画笔的人们的创造力激增。）”可知，无聊刺激了人们使得人们出现了创造力的激增。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“People who’d taken part in a bean-sorting task later performed better at coming up with creative ideas than another group who’d been given something more interesting to do first.（那些后来参与了豆子分类任务的人比另一组先做更有趣的事情的人在想出创意方面表现得更好。）”可知，这个实验室为了证明无聊可以激发创造力，所以推断2019年研究中的豆类分类任务的目的是创造一个无聊的环境。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Feeling a bit bored? It could be just what you need to produce your best ideas, excite your creativity or simply give your brain a rest.（感觉有点无聊?它可能正是你所需要的，让你产生最好的想法，激发你的创造力，或者只是让你的大脑休息一下。）”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了通过一系列的研究实验发现无聊可以激发创造力。所以“Does boredom make us more creative?(无聊让我们更有创造力吗?)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。 Passage 3 （2023-2024学年高一上学期·福建省泉州市·期末） When you’re bored, what do you do? The answer is a no-brainer: you reach for your phone. Five minutes of doggy pictures can seem like the perfect break. But a new unpublished study has bad news. Reaching for your phone is likely to leave you feeling more bored. To figure out the relationship between phones and boredom, the research team set up an app on the phones of 83 volunteers to keep an eye on how often they used their devices. They also asked these volunteers to keep detailed diaries at work, recording their level of tiredness and boredom. The researchers’ first discovery was no shocker. We’re on our phones a lot. Phone breaks were very frequent: in the 20 minutes following each questionnaire, volunteers picked up their phone 52 percent of the time, spending an average of around 90 seconds on it each time. Equally unsurprising was the second finding: the more tired we are, the more likely we are to reach for our phones. The real kicker was the final finding. While we look to our phones to relieve our tiredness and boredom, screen time actually seemed to increase feelings of boredom. The research team thought about the different reasons why this might be so. Shifting from work to your phone and back again may end up being more tiring in mind than it is stimulating (提神的). In other words, that baby goat video was nice, but not worth the cost to your brain in effort and concentration. Besides, picking up your phone might just serve as a reminder of all the fun and interesting things out there you could be doing if you didn’t have to fill out paperwork. This one small study can’t clearly say if either of these explanations is right, but the basic takeaway is pretty clear: A quick look at your phone is going to make your brain feel even more fried. If so, what to do instead? 1．Why did the research team set up an app on the volunteers’ phones? A．To ensure their rest time. B．To remove their boredom. C．To track their phone usage. D．To record their tiredness. 2．What do the underlined words “the real kicker” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．The most unexpected. B．The most advanced. C．The most frequent. D．The most relieving. 3．The baby goat video is mentioned in paragraph 4 to show ________. A．phones can be tiring B．phones can be inspiring C．phones can function as a reminder D．phones can benefit our paperwork 4．What might the author continue talking about? A．Why screen time is harmful. B．How to take a better break. C．Recommended online activities. D．Studies on phone addiction. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的未发表的研究表明，在无聊时看手机会让你感到更无聊。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“To figure out the relationship between phones and boredom, the research team set up an app on the phones of 83 volunteers to keep an eye on how often they used their devices.(为了弄清楚手机和无聊之间的关系，研究团队在83名志愿者的手机上安装了一个应用程序，以跟踪他们使用设备的频率)”可知，研究小组在志愿者的手机上安装了一个应用程序是为了跟踪他们的电话使用情况，故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线短语上文“The researchers’ first discovery was no shocker. We’re on our phones a lot. Equally unsurprising was the second finding: the more tired we are, the more likely we are to reach for our phones.(研究人员的第一个发现并不令人震惊，我们经常使用手机。同样不足为奇的是第二个发现：我们越累，我们就越有可能伸手去拿手机。)”可知，前两个发现——我们经常使用手机；我们越累，我们就越有可能伸手去拿手机，这都是很常见的，不足为奇的，根据划线短语所在句子“The real kicker was the final finding. While we look to our phones to relieve our tiredness and boredom, screen time actually seemed to increase feelings of boredom.(The real kicker是最终的发现。当我们通过手机来缓解疲劳和无聊时，屏幕时间实际上似乎增加了无聊感。)”可知，最后一个发现与前两个发现大大不同——当我们通过手机来缓解疲劳和无聊时，屏幕时间实际上似乎增加了无聊感，这个发现是令人惊讶的，出乎意料的，划线短语The real kicker与Equally unsurprising是相对的。由此可知，划线短语意为“最出乎意料的”，与“The most unexpected.(最意想不到的。)”一样，故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Shifting from work to your phone and back again may end up being more tiring in mind than it is stimulating (提神的). In other words, that baby goat video was nice, but not worth the cost to your brain in effort and concentration.(从工作转移到手机上然后再从手机上转移到工作上可能最终会让人感到更累而不是刺激。换句话说，那个小山羊视频很不错，但不值得你的大脑付出精力和注意力的代价)”可推知，第四段提到小羊视频是为了展示玩手机会让人更累，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“This one small study can’t clearly say if either of these explanations is right, but the basic takeaway is pretty clear: A quick look at your phone is going to make your brain feel even more fried. If so, what to do instead?(这项小型研究无法清楚地表明这两种解释是否正确，但基本的结论非常明确：快速浏览手机会让你的大脑感觉更加疲惫。如果是这样，该怎么办？)”可知，文章接下来会讲我们应该怎么办，也就是该如何更好地休息，故选B。 主题03 人与社会——社会文化与遗产 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省龙岩市·期末） Heritages are unique and precious characteristics of a society that are passed down through generations. Without particular preservation efforts, many of these become lost in time. Africa is a continent with rich cultural heritage. Traditions like folk tales and dances by the moonlight, poem and other unique activities make up a large part of cultural heritage in Africa. Uganda’s Ekyogero traditional herbal (药草) bath is a famous tradition. It is a bath for newborn babies that is popular in many communities in Uganda. According to the culture, it makes the child strong and physically healthy. It is a herbal bath that is used to wash the baby and give it smooth skin. It is believed to bring good luck to the newborn and drive away curses (祸根) . It is also believed that modern medicine does not have answers for every condition. In fact, a lot of modern medical treatments are based on traditional applications of herbs. One unique thing about the Wodaabe people of Niger is the Guérewol competition. It is an annual marriage competition that has young men dancing and singing while dressed up with decorations and painted faces. As they dance and sing, they pat (轻拍) their eyes and show off their teeth to look more attractive. They intend to have one of the young girls of marriageable age fall in love with them and their skills. Among the Maasai people of Kenya and Northern Tanzania spitting is a sign of respect and honor. It is also seen as a form of positive greeting. If one spits on one’ s hands, which are then used to shake someone’s hand, it means a friendly greeting. When done on a single person, especially a baby, it means blessings (祝福) . Also, when a father spits on his daughter on her wedding day, it means wishes and blessings for a beautiful home. Today, most of the world is returning to its traditional ways or ideas. If countries like China, India, and Japan, who have long followed their traditional culture are doing well now, then Africa can do so too. It is time for Africans to get back to their roots by remembering and rebuilding their traditions. By taking part in a return to traditions, Africans will rebuild their diversity (多样性) of cultural heritage. 1．What do we know about the Ekyogero herbal bath? A．It’s a practice in the countryside of Uganda. B．It is a modern baby care practice. C．It becomes unpopular in modern times. D．It offers physical and spiritual benefits. 2．Why do young men dance and sing in the Guérewol competition? A．To make marriage funds. B．To celebrate the spring. C．To attract young girls. D．To display their costume. 3．How does a Maasai father express blessings to his wedding daughter? A．By shaking her hand. B．By patting her eyes. C．By showing off his teeth. D．By spitting on her daughter. 4．What is the writer’s attitude towards Africa’s recovering its heritage? A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Unconcerned. D．Worried. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。非洲是一个拥有丰富文化遗产的大陆。文章主要了非洲的一些文化传统，作者认为非洲人将重建他们文化遗产的多样性。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“According to the culture, it makes the child strong and physically healthy. It is a herbal bath that is used to wash the baby and give it smooth skin. It is believed to bring good luck to the newborn and drive away curses (祸根) (根据这个文化，它使孩子变得坚强且身体健康。这是一种草药浴，用于洗涤婴儿并给予光滑的皮肤。据信这给新生儿带来好运，并驱赶诅咒)”可知，Ekyogero草药浴提供身体和精神上的好处。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“As they dance and sing, they pat (轻拍) their eyes and show off their teeth to look more attractive. They intend to have one of the young girls of marriageable age fall in love with them and their skills.(当他们跳舞和唱歌时，他们轻拍眼睛，炫耀自己的牙齿看起来更具吸引力。他们试图让一个到婚姻年龄的年轻女孩爱上他们和他们的技能。)”可知，年轻男子在Guérewol比赛中跳舞和唱歌是为了吸引年轻女孩。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Also, when a father spits on his daughter on her wedding day, it means wishes and blessings for a beautiful home.(此外，当父亲在女儿婚礼那天向她吐口水时，这意味着对一个美好家庭的祝愿和祝福。)”可知，Maasai父亲通过吐口水的方式来向出嫁的女儿表达祝福，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It is time for Africans to get back to their roots by remembering and rebuilding their traditions. By taking part in a return to traditions, Africans will rebuild their diversity (    多样性) of cultural heritage.(非洲人是时候回到他们的根源，记住并重建他们的传统了。通过参与回归传统，非洲人将重建他们文化遗产的多样性)”可知，作家对非洲恢复其遗产的态度是积极的，故选B。 Passage 2 （2023-2024学年高一上学期·福建省厦门市·期末） The cooperation between the Ten cent’s Digital Culture Laboratory (DCL) and the Sichuan  Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology is ground-breaking. Using digital technologies such as AI, big data, cloud computing, knowledge graphs and computer vision, thousands of pieces unearthed from the Sanxingdui are being scanned, analyzed and calculated to determine whether or how they can be pieced back together. This greatly improves efficiency (效率) and presents new situations that may not have been possible through traditional means. A 4,500-year-old bronze statue from Sanxingdui, for centuries in broken and bent pieces, now appears in its impressive form. The restoration (修复) is an important development for archaeology—it’s digital. The bronze statue shows a four-legged beast with a worshipper kneeling on its back. The beast and the kneeling worshipper were unearthed separately from two different holes in 2021. Through markings on the beast’s back and the worshipper’s knees, the team guessed they may have been part of the same statue.3D modeling and AI analysis of size, weight and balance helped the team to decide that the two belonged together. Computer vision aided in straightening the bent parts and filling in missing pieces, such as an ear and an arm. Sanxingdui is believed to be part of the ancient Shu Kingdom. There is no written text on how the Shu people lived or why they disappeared. Clues to their existence come from relics.  While some relics were discovered in the late 1920s, detailed archaeological excavations (挖掘) began only in the 1980s when the first two holes were unearthed. Six more came to light in 2021. All uncovered relics suggest a civilization not only technologically advanced, but also earlier than first thought. “There is more to the work we are doing than just archaeology.” said Zhan Shu, Head of DCL. The project will include the Shu people’s history and culture into video games, music, and literature so that the past can be more related to the younger generations. 1．What can we know about the restoration of the bronze statue? A．Digital technologies provided a new solution. B．The restoration was completed by hand. C．Traditional ways helped fill in missing parts. D．Major parts were discovered in one single hole. 2．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Sanxingdui? A．Its newly-found written text. B．Its sudden disappearance. C．Its excavation method. D．Its archaeological value. 3．Why does the project include Shu history in modern media? A．To provide relaxation means. B．To reform music education. C．To connect youths with history. D．To highlight Shu technology. 4．What would be the best title for this text? A．Digital Technologies: Changing Archaeological Practices B．Sanxingdui: The Lost Civilization of the Shu Kingdom C．Uncovering the Secrets of Ancient Bronze Statue D．Promoting Culture Through History Education 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。这段文章主要讲述了腾讯数字文化实验室（DCL）和四川文物考古研究院之间的合作，以及他们如何利用数字技术对三星堆遗址进行数字化修复和重建。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Using digital technologies such as AI, big data, cloud computing, knowledge graphs and computer vision, thousands of pieces unearthed from the Sanxingdui are being scanned, analyzed and calculated to determine whether or how they can be pieced back together.(利用人工智能、大数据、云计算、知识图谱和计算机视觉等数字技术，三星堆出土的数千块碎片正在被扫描、分析和计算，以确定是否或如何将它们重新拼凑起来)”以及第二段“This greatly improves efficiency (效率) and presents new situations that may not have been possible through traditional means.(这大大提高了效率，并提出了通过传统手段可能无法实现的新情况)”可知，关于铜像的修复我们能知道数字技术提供了一个新的解决方案。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Sanxingdui is believed to be part of the ancient Shu Kingdom. There is no written text on how the Shu people lived or why they disappeared. Clues to their existence come from relics.  While some relics were discovered in the late 1920s, detailed archaeological excavations(挖掘)began only in the 1980s when the first two holes were unearthed. Six more came to light in 2021. All uncovered relics suggest a civilization not only technologically advanced, but also earlier than first thought.(三星堆被认为是古蜀国的一部分。没有关于蜀人如何生活或他们为什么消失的书面文字。它们存在的线索来自于遗迹。虽然在20世纪20年代末就发现了一些遗迹，但详细的考古发掘工作直到20世纪80年代才开始，当时发现了最初的两个洞。2021年又有6个浮出水面。所有出土的遗迹都表明，这个文明不仅在技术上先进，而且比最初想象的要早)”可知，可知本段主要介绍了三星堆的考古价值。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The project will include the Shu people’s history and culture into video games, music, and literature so that the past can be more related to the younger generations.(该项目将把蜀族的历史和文化融入到电子游戏、音乐和文学中，以便让年轻一代更多地了解过去)”可知，该项目将蜀史纳入现代媒体是为了将年轻人与历史联系起来。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The cooperation between the Ten cent’s Digital Culture Laboratory (DCL)and the Sichuan  Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology is ground-breaking. Using digital technologies such as AI, big data, cloud computing, knowledge graphs and computer vision, thousands of pieces unearthed from the Sanxingdui are being scanned, analyzed and calculated to determine whether or how they can be pieced back together.(十分数字文化实验室（DCL）与四川省文物考古研究所的合作是开创性的。利用人工智能、大数据、云计算、知识图谱和计算机视觉等数字技术，三星堆出土的数千块碎片正在被扫描、分析和计算，以确定是否或如何将它们重新拼凑起来)”结合文章主要讲述了数字技术在考古中的应用，如何利用数字技术对三星堆进行扫描、分析和计算，以及如何通过这种方式提高效率、呈现新的情况。因此，最适合的标题是“数字技术：改变考古实践”。故选A。 主题04 人与社会——人际互动与社会项目 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省福建师范大学附属中学·期末） We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence. What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have weakened conversational intelligence (智力). It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits. Regarding small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. “Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication,” says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. “Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,” he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.” In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. “It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,” says Dunn. “But interactions with peripheral (边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.” Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. “Good manners are based on small talks,” he says. 1．What does the scene described in the first paragraph show? A．Feeling uneasy about complete silence. B．Discomfort from crowds. C．Not enough interaction between strangers. D．People’s addiction to smartphones. 2．What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci? A．Showing good manners. B．Relating to other people. C．Making business deals. D．Focusing on a shared topic. 3．What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk? A．It improves family relationships. B．It raises people’s confidence. C．It matters as much as a formal talk. D．It makes people feel good. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Skills of communication B．Ways of Breaking Silence C．Benefits of Small Talk D．Avoidance of Embarrassment 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出人们在陌生人面前缺乏交流，强调闲聊虽看似不重要，但实则是宝贵的社交活动，能带来诸多益处。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.(我们都有过这样的经历：在电梯里、在银行排队或在飞机上，周围的人像我们一样，都专注于他们的智能手机，或者更糟糕的是，在令人不自在的沉默中挣扎)”可知，人们在公共场合要么专注手机，要么陷入沉默，由此可推断出这一场景体现了陌生人之间缺乏足够的交流互动。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中Carducci的话“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.(成功闲聊的关键是学习如何与他人建立联系，而不仅仅是与他们交流)”可知，Carducci认为对于成功的闲聊来说，与他人建立联系很重要；“relate to other people”与“connect with others”意思一致。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience.(结果显示，那些与服务员聊天的人报告说他们有明显更高的积极情绪和更好的咖啡店体验)”可知，咖啡店的研究表明闲聊能让人感觉良好。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段“But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.(但下次当你发现自己身处陌生人之中时，考虑一下，闲聊是值得的。专家说这是一种非常有价值的社交活动，能带来巨大的好处)”以及后文对闲聊好处的阐述可知，本文主要讲的是闲聊的益处。故C项“Benefits of Small Talk(闲聊的好处)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选C项。 Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省南平市·期末） Joyful giggles (咯咯笑) fill the room, as the delighted baby plays with a laughing older man. Mark Gould, 62, is enjoying the game as much as the eight-month-old baby, whose parents Beth and Craig Macauley join in with their laughter. This scene is a daily event they all share. But until three years ago, Mark and the couple were total strangers. Beth, 28, and Craig, 32, had only met Mark a few times before he moved in with them, as part of a project called Shared Lives. Founded in 1978, this project has been placing strangers with needs with families, who are happy to give them a loving home, for 46 years. More than 10,000 carers have opened their homes to someone else who needs support. Craig’s mum had been a Shared Lives carer. It was seeing how much pleasure the role gave her and, in turn, their family, that made Craig keen to follow in her footsteps. After living in nursing home for most of his life, with some learning difficulties and no blood family to care for him, Mark is finally part of a wonderfully happy home. Now Mark has learned how to make his own meals and can even go to the shops independently. He had never had the opportunity to learn how to do those things before. “It’s so good to be part of a family now. It really has changed my life.” “Mark gets a lot out of it, but it’s not one way, we get a lot out of it too. The four of us just enjoy life together. Also, it’s really important to us that our son is brought up in a home with a sense of kindness. Mark is not a stranger to our lives, he enriches them,” Craig said. 1．Which word can best describe the scene in paragraph 1? A．Loving. B．Noisy. C．Awkward. D．Stressful. 2．Who might receive support from Shared Lives? A．Seniors without a family. B．Couples with no children. C．Kids without learning chances. D．Strangers with no shelters. 3．What contributed to Craig’s joining in the project? A．Beth’s advice. B．His son’s need. C．Mark’s request. D．His mum’s influence. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Shared Lives B．Joyful Childhood C．A Helpful Couple D．A Lucky Old Man 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为“共享生活”（Shared Lives）项目，主要为有需要的陌生人提供家庭服务。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Joyful giggles (咯咯笑) fill the room, as the delighted baby plays with a laughing older man. Mark Gould, 62, is enjoying the game as much as the eight-month-old baby, whose parents Beth and Craig Macauley join in with their laughter.(房间里充满了欢快的笑声，宝宝和一个大笑的老人在一起玩耍。62岁的马克·古尔德和这个8个月大的孩子一样喜欢这个游戏，孩子的父母贝丝和克雷格·麦考利也加入了他们的欢笑)”可知，第一段中的场景是有爱的。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Founded in 1978, this project has been placing strangers with needs with families, who are happy to give them a loving home, for 46 years.(该项目成立于1978年，46年来一直为有需要的陌生人提供家庭服务，这些家庭很乐意为他们提供一个充满爱的家)”可知，没有家庭的老年人可能从共享生活中得到支持。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Craig’s mum had been a Shared Lives carer. It was seeing how much pleasure the role gave her and, in turn, their family, that made Craig keen to follow in her footsteps.(克雷格的妈妈是“共享生活”的护工。看到这个角色给她和他们的家庭带来了如此多的快乐，克雷格渴望跟随她的脚步)”可知，克雷格加入这个项目的原因是他母亲的影响。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Beth, 28, and Craig, 32, had only met Mark a few times before he moved in with them, as part of a project called Shared Lives.(28岁的贝丝和32岁的克雷格在马克搬到一起住之前只见过他们几次面，这是一个名为“共享生活”（Shared Lives）项目的一部分)”结合文章主要介绍了一个名为“共享生活”（Shared Lives）项目，主要为有需要的陌生人提供家庭服务。可知，A选项“共享生活”最符合文章标题。故选A。 Passage 3 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省三明市·期末） Researchers discovered that social experiences affect not only a person’s stress level and ability to manage, but also markers of physical health, according to a study published Monday in the magazine Society for Personality and Social Psychology. The study followed more than 4,000 people for three weeks. Every three days, these people used their smartphones or smartwatches to report on their positive and negative experiences with their closest social relationships and to share information about their blood pressure, heart rate, stress levels, etc. Having more positive experiences in social relationships was generally connected with lower stress and lower blood pressure, or spikes (峰值) in blood pressure under stress, according to the study. However, having social relationships which jump between good and bad often can be unhelpful. When there is a lot of uncertainties, the negative experiences seemed to have a bigger impact on a person than the positive, said lead study author Brian Don of the University of Auckland. The results are not surprising, considering that previous studies have also documented a link between healthy relationships and healthier bodies, said Dr. Kathleen Mullan Harris, a professor of sociology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. For those who want to improve their social connections, Adam Smiley Poswolsky, a workplace expert, advises starting small, such as reconnecting with old friends or taking part in new social activities. He stresses the importance of investing (投入) meaningful time in relationships. He also points out that the quality of relationships, characterized by each other’s support and understanding, is important for their positive effect on health. 1．What does the study say about social experiences? A．They only affect stress level. B．They influence health condition. C．They hurt physical health. D．They are helpful to creative thinking. 2．How was the study conducted? A．By collecting information. B．By interviewing lots of people. C．By researching previous studies. D．By studying different social relationships. 3．What can we learn about uncertain social relationships? A．They may have a bad effect. B．They can bring us comfort. C．They make us feel lonely. D．They help us become confident. 4．What’s the main idea of paragraph 5? A．How to understand each other. B．How to invest time with friends. C．How to promote friendship quality. D．How to build good social relationships. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了社交经历对健康的影响及改善社交关系的建议。 1．细节理解题。由文章第一段“Researchers discovered that social experiences affect not only a person’s stress level and ability to manage, but also markers of physical health, according to a study published Monday in the magazine Society for Personality and Social Psychology. (周一，《个性与社会心理学杂志》上发表的一项研究表明，研究人员发现，社交经历不仅影响一个人的压力水平和应对能力，还影响身体健康指标。)”可知，社交经历会影响健康状况。故选B。 2．推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Every three days, these people used their smartphones or smartwatches to report on their positive and negative experiences with their closest social relationships and to share information about their blood pressure, heart rate, stress levels, etc. (这些人每三天使用智能手机或智能手表报告自己与最亲密社交关系的积极和消极经历，并分享他们的血压、心率、压力水平等信息。)”可知，这项研究是通过收集信息进行的。故选A。 3．细节理解题。由文章第三段中“However, having social relationships which jump between good and bad often can be unhelpful. When there is a lot of uncertainties, the negative experiences seemed to have a bigger impact on a person than the positive, said lead study author Brian Don of the University of Auckland. (然而，社交关系好坏频繁波动往往没有益处。奥克兰大学的首席研究作者Brian Don表示，当存在很多不确定性时，消极经历对一个人的影响似乎比积极经历更大。)”可知，不确定的社交关系可能有不良影响。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。由文章第五段“For those who want to improve their social connections, Adam Smiley Poswolsky, a workplace expert, advises starting small, such as reconnecting with old friends or taking part in new social activities. He stresses the importance of investing (投入) meaningful time in relationships. He also points out that the quality of relationships, characterized by each other’s support and understanding, is important for their positive effect on health. (对于想要改善社交关系的人，职场专家亚当·斯迈利·波斯沃尔斯基建议从小事做起，比如与老朋友重新建立联系或参加新的社交活动。他强调了在关系中投入有意义时间的重要性。他还指出，关系的质量，即以相互支持和理解为特征，对健康的积极影响很重要。)”可知，第五段主要讲述了对于那些想要改善社交关系的人，一位职场专家给出了一些建议，比如与老朋友重新联系或参加新的社交活动等。因此，第五段的主要内容是如何建立良好的社交关系。故选D。 主题05 人与自然——自然环境与人类活动 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省宁德市·期末） Researchers at MIT have come up with the concept (概念) of “outdoor days”— the number of days per year in a given place when the temperature is not too hot or cold to enjoy normal outdoor activities. They used this method to measure how global warming affects different areas of the United States. They discovered that some states, particularly Florida and other parts of the Southeast, would see a big drop in outdoor days, while some states in the Northwest would see a small increase. This finding was published in Geophysical Research Letters by researchers Yeon-Woo Choi and Elfatih Eltahir. By collecting and examining temperature data (数据) since 1960, the researchers found that in recent years, the number of outdoor days in some places has changed compared to the past. “It seems like the Southeast is suffering major losses in the number of outdoor days,” says Choi. “This will affect people’s quality of life, and also the attractiveness of tourism and for people who want to settle here when they get old.” The study also found that the seasonal pattern (模式) of outdoor days might change a lot. Although most areas now enjoy the most outdoor days in summer, spring and fall will become the preferred seasons for outdoor activities as summers get hotter. This change can be seen in Florida, where spring and fall are increasingly becoming the more enjoyable seasons for outdoor activities, while summer is no longer the best time of the year. Eltahir explains, “We noticed that some people think climate change will happen later and will affect someone else. And this belief is part of the reason why people are not taking enough action now.” However, the idea of outdoor days connects climate change to personal daily activities. He adds, “We hope this idea would lead to the development of sound, science-based plans to fight climate change.” 1．What is the concept of “outdoor days” about? A．Weather report. B．Climate issue. C．temperature data. D．Weather service. 2．What will fewer outdoor days lead to according to Choi? A．Growth in tourism industry. B．Attractiveness for the old. C．Lower quality of life. D．Drop in indoor activities. 3．What can we learn from Eltahir’s words? A．Climate change will take place later. B．“Outdoor days” leads to climate change. C．“Outdoor days” prevents people taking action. D．Effective plans are needed to fight climate change. 4．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Outdoor Days: A New Concept to Enjoy Life B．Outdoor Days: A Measure on Climate Change C．Outdoor Days: A Way to Explain Seasonal Pattern D．Outdoor Days: A Method to Predict Tourism Direction 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了麻省理工学院的研究人员提出的“户外日”的概念，可被用来测量全球变暖对美国不同地区的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Researchers at MIT have come up with the concept (概念) of “outdoor days”— the number of days per year in a given place when the temperature is not too hot or cold to enjoy normal outdoor activities. They used this method to measure how global warming affects different areas of the United States.(麻省理工学院的研究人员提出了“户外日”的概念，即每年在一个特定的地方，温度不太热或太冷，可以享受正常户外活动的天数。他们用这种方法测量了全球变暖对美国不同地区的影响)”可知，“户外日”是和气候问题有关的。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中引用Choi所说“It seems like the Southeast is suffering major losses in the number of outdoor days(看起来东南部的户外天数损失很大)”及“ This will affect people’s quality of life, and also the attractiveness of tourism and for people who want to settle here when they get old. (这将影响人们的生活质量，也会影响旅游业的吸引力，以及那些想在这里养老的人的吸引力)”可知，他认为户外日的减少可能会导致人们生活质量的降低。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段引语“We hope this idea would lead to the development of sound, science-based plans to fight climate change.(我们希望这个想法将导致制定出合理的、基于科学的应对气候变化的计划)”可推知，他认为为了应对气候变化，需要制定有效的计划。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Researchers at MIT have come up with the concept (概念) of “outdoor days”— the number of days per year in a given place when the temperature is not too hot or cold to enjoy normal outdoor activities. They used this method to measure how global warming affects different areas of the United States.(麻省理工学院的研究人员提出了“户外日”的概念，即每年在一个特定的地方，温度不太热或太冷，可以享受正常户外活动的天数。他们用这种方法测量了全球变暖对美国不同地区的影响)”可知，本文的主题是介绍“outdoor days”这个可以用来测量气候变化的概念。故选B项。 Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省莆田第一中学·期末） The sun rises over the Cordillera mountain ranges in the Philippines, lighting up the beautiful terraced rice fields. Rows of terraces（梯田）wrap around the mountainsides from the ground to the very mountaintops, as far as the eye can see. Built with stone walls at least 1, 000 years old, possibly 2, 000 years，they are maintained by the ancient tradition and the lifestyle of the local Ifugao people. But life here is changing，and with it comes threats（威胁）to this World Heritage（遗产）Site. Young people are influenced by modern media and no longer want to work such long hours. More educational opportunities mean that many choose to make a life outside of the villages and rice fields. Roads are being built, allowing trucks bearing agricultural goods and buses bringing more tourists to and fro. More tourists mean the need for more water and food, and the production of more waste and pollution. Ugly tall buildings, rather than beautiful traditional wooden homes，spring up in some villages. Can these changes be managed so that the terraces continue to produce rice, and remain a beautiful part of our world heritage？Jimmy Padchanan, an official of the village of Mayoyao, said in an interview, “We are combining the old societies with the new，while maintaining many of our values.” He and the local people were confident that they would keep the best of the new and the strength of the past to protect the terraces, which are deseribed as “a living cultural landscape of breathtaking beauty”. 1．What do we know about the Cordillera terraces from the first paragraph? A．They are often lit up at night. B．They are covered with various crops. C．They are built at the foot of the mountain. D．They are maintained in old ways. 2．What does the underlined “it” refer to? A．The changing life. B．The maintenance of terraces. C．The ancient tradition. D．The lifestyle of local people. 3．Which problem are the Cordillera terraces facing nowadays? A．Media pay too much attention. B．Many youths left the area. C．Tourists cause safety concerns. D．Agricultural land is largely taken up. 4．According to the text, what will the local people do in the future? A．Stop the modernization of the region. B．Open our mind to new ideas. C．Have a mix of old and new. D．Involve more development in the area. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着经济的发展以及旅游业的繁荣，科迪勒拉山脉的Ifugao地区的阶梯稻田被破坏，威胁着这一文化遗产的保护。但是当地官员和居民相信，他们在发展的同时也能够保护好传统。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Built with stone walls at least 1, 000 years old, possibly 2, 000 years，they are maintained by the ancient tradition and the lifestyle of the local Ifugao people.（它们由至少有1000年历史，可能有2000年历史的石墙建造而成，古老的传统和当地伊夫高人的生活方式使得它们得以保存）”可知，此地的阶梯稻田保存着传统的方式。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“But life here is changing，and with it comes threats（威胁）to this World Heritage（遗产）Site.（但是此处的生活在发生改变，随着而来的，也就是对世界文化遗址的威胁）”可知，it指代前文的“life here is changing”，指“一直在改变的生活”，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Young people are influenced by modern media and no longer want to work such long hours. More educational opportunities mean that many choose to make a life outside of the villages and rice fields,（年轻人被现代媒体所影响，并不再想要长时间工作。越来越多的机会意味着很多年轻人更愿意选择去村外工作。）”可知，Cordillera阶梯稻田面临的问题是很多年轻人离开了此地，去外地发展。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“He and the local people were confident that they would keep the best of the new and the strength of the past to protect the terraces（他和当地的居民相信，他们能够在追求新事物的同时也能尽力保护到阶梯稻田）”可知，在未来，此地的居民会过着接受新事物的同时，保持着阶梯稻田的传统方式。故选C。 Passage 3 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省泉州市·期末） Singapore’s Gardens by the Bay stands as a shining example of the nation’s promise to bring nature into city living. This groundbreaking project, built in 2012, shows how creative design and green living can appear at the same time in a busy central city. The project covers 101 hectares of recovered land and features three waterfront gardens: Bay South, Bay East, and Bay Central. The centerpiece, Bay South, is home to the famous Supertree Grove, a collection of gardens that reach heights of up to 50 metres. These Supertrees not only serve as sightseeing wonders but also play an important role in the park’s sustainable ecosystem (可持续生态系统) by collecting rainwater, producing solar energy, and providing living areas for local high land wildlife. Besides, the Cloud Forest is a wonderful glass dome (圆顶) that houses a 35-metre-tall mountain covered with plants and an eye-catching indoor waterfall. Visitors can start a journey through the forest, learning about the local biodiversity (生物多样性). As Gardens by the Bay continues to grow, there are exciting plans for development in the works. Future projects may include new garden exhibits, interactive equipment, and better sustainability ways. The gardens aim to remain at the leading position of creative green spaces, inspiring visitors with new experiences and educational chances. One wisdom from the project is the importance of teamwork between various groups of people. The Singapore government worked closely with builders, engineers, and environmentalists to ensure that the design was not only attractive but also ecologically sound. The method drove the application of modern technologies, which allow for the plantation of various plants from different climates. The gardens utilize rainwater gathering, solar energy, and natural airing to reduce energy and water usage. Moreover, the project stresses the value of public partnership. It also encourages visitors to connect with nature and understand the importance of biodiversity. This has led to increased community cooperation and a greater love for the environment. 1．What does the Gardens by the Bay project show? A．How city planners can use modern technology. B．How Singapore includes green living into a city. C．How citizens grow more plants in limited space. D．How Singapore spreads its city planning experience. 2．What is a function of the Supertree Grove? A．It is home to the waterfront gardens. B．It supports the park sustainability. C．It houses a mountain covered with plants. D．It shows the high land’s biodiversity. 3．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The project’s general features. B．The project’s basic facilities. C．The project’s important experience. D．The project’s future development. 4．What does the underlined word “utilize” in the last paragraph mean? A．Give way to. B．Keep track of. C．Pay attention to. D．Take advantage of. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了新加坡滨海湾花园项目的特点与意义。 1．细节理解题。由文章第一段“Singapore’s Gardens by the Bay stands as a shining example of the nation’s promise to bring nature into city living. This groundbreaking project, built in 2012, shows how creative design and green living can appear at the same time in a busy central city. (新加坡滨海湾花园是该国将自然融入城市生活的承诺的一个光辉典范。这个开创性的项目建于2012年，展示了在繁忙的中心城区，创意设计和绿色生活可以同时呈现。)”可知，滨海湾花园项目展示了新加坡如何将绿色生活融入城市。故选B。 2．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“These Supertrees not only serve as sightseeing wonders but also play an important role in the park’s sustainable ecosystem (可持续生态系统) by collecting rainwater, producing solar energy, and providing living areas for local high land wildlife. (这些超级树不仅是观光奇观，还在公园的可持续生态系统中发挥着重要作用，它们收集雨水、产生太阳能，并为当地高地野生动物提供栖息地。)”可知，Supertree Grove的功能是支持公园的可持续性。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。由文章第三段“As Gardens by the Bay continues to grow, there are exciting plans for development in the works. Future projects may include new garden exhibits, interactive equipment, and better sustainability ways. The gardens aim to remain at the leading position of creative green spaces, inspiring visitors with new experiences and educational chances. (随着滨海湾花园的不断发展，还有许多令人兴奋的发展计划正在酝酿中。未来的项目可能包括新的花园展览、互动设备和更好的可持续性方式。滨海湾花园旨在保持创意绿色空间的领先地位，为游客提供新的体验和受教育的机会。)”可知，本段主要介绍了滨海湾花园项目的未来发展计划。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。由文章最后一段中“rainwater gathering, solar energy, and natural airing to reduce energy and water usage. (雨水收集、太阳能和自然通风来减少能源和水资源的消耗。)”可知，花园利用雨水收集、太阳能和自然通风等手段来减少能源和水资源的消耗。utilize意为“利用”，与take advantage of“利用”，意思相符。故选D。 主题01人与自我——个人生活与体验 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省泉州第五中学·期末） Working from a shady balcony overlooking a vast sea, with five-star restaurants and golf courses within easy reach: what better place could there be to while away the pandemic (疫情) than Barbados? Like most of its Caribbean neighbours, Barbados has been good at keeping COVID-19 out. Normally tourism brings in more than half of its foreign earnings. Now, many tourists are banned and the economy is declining. The tourism minister, Kerrie Symmonds, puts unemployment at close to 40%. The prime minister, Mia Mottley intends to introduce a “Welcome Stamp” for visitors to “work remotely in paradise” for up to a year. The idea is that if holidays are not possible, then maybe the island can attract wealthy office workers who no longer have to go to the office. Other Caribbean islands are considering competing plans; Bermuda has announced one. It did not take a pandemic for some digital workers to consider moving to a beach. But before now, it was legally difficult. Getting a work permit or immigrant status meant weeks or months of form-filling. Workers had to pay Barbadian income taxes. The new procedure looks quick and easy by comparison. For a fee of $2,000 for one person, or $3,000 for a family, you can take your Zoom calls from a real white sandy beach, instead of merely selecting it as a virtual background. You continue paying tax according to the rules of whichever country you came from. There will be some checks on new arrivals. We do not want “the scum of the earth, but honest and respectable types”, says Mr Symmonds. Applicants must have health insurance, and the main breadwinner must earn at least $50,000. But otherwise the gates are open. “All must breathe, in this world and in this country.” says Ms Mottley. 1．The project “Welcome Stamp” is intended to ________. A．help the economy recover B．create jobs for visitors C．keep COVID-19 out D．compete against other islands 2．What is needed to apply for Welcome Stamp? A．Spending weeks to get work permit or immigrant status. B．Paying a certain amount of Barbadian income taxes. C．Paying $2,000 per person, or $3,000 per family. D．Earning at least $50,000 per family member 3．What can we learn from the text? A．Barbados is the first to put forward the plan. B．All healthy and wealthy people are welcome. C．Increasing unemployment leads to an economic decline. D．It used to be difficult for digital workers to move to Barbados. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．Barbados provides a paradise to work remotely. B．The Caribbean islands are fighting against the pandemic. C．Office workers choose to work from the beach. D．Working abroad becomes easier than before. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在疫情导致经济下滑的情况下，为了实现经济复苏，巴巴多斯实施了“欢迎邮票”项目。并介绍了这个项目的内容和申请条件。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Now, many tourists are banned and the economy is declining.”可知，由于疫情影响，许多游客被禁止到来，导致经济下滑。再根据第三段关键句“The prime minister, Mia Mottley intends to introduce a “Welcome Stamp” for visitors to “work remotely in paradise” for up to a year.”可知“欢迎邮票”是提供游客在“天堂远程工作”长达一年的时间。由此可推断出“欢迎邮票”项目的主要目的是为了吸引游客到这里，游客的到来会促进经济的发展，也就是说，“欢迎邮票”项目旨在帮助经济复苏。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“The new procedure looks quick and easy by comparison. For a fee of $2,000 for one person, or $3,000 for a family, you can take your Zoom calls from a real white sandy beach, instead of merely selecting it as a virtual background.”可知，一个人付2000美元，一家人付3000美元，你就可以在一个真正的白色的沙滩上打电话。由此可推断出，申请“欢迎邮票”需要的是一个人付2000美元的费用，一家人付3000美元的费用。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“It did not take a pandemic for some digital workers to consider moving to a beach. But before now, it was legally difficult.”可知，对于一些数码工作者来说，考虑搬到巴巴多斯的海滩去并没有引起大流行。但在此之前，这在法律上很困难。由此可推断出，过去数码工作者很难搬到巴巴多斯。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了巴巴多斯的“欢迎邮票”项目。根据第三段关键句“The prime minister, Mia Mottley intends to introduce a “Welcome Stamp” for visitors to “work remotely in paradise” for up to a year.”可知“欢迎邮票”是提供游客在“天堂远程工作”长达一年的时间。由此可推断出，文章主要讲述的是巴巴多斯提供了远程工作的天堂，这里的天堂指的是巴巴多斯像天堂一样美的海滩和风景。故选A项。 Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省莆田市第十五中学·期末） When you go abroad you’re going to experience new cultures, people, food, music and probably a new language. Everything and everyone you meet is new. Experts say it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture. “Culture shock” is the term (术语) these experts use when talking about the feelings that people have in a new environment. There are three stages of culture shock, say the experts. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. Then, when the fresh experience dies, they begin to hate the city, the country, the people, and everything else. In the last stage, the newcomers begin to adjust to their surroundings and, as a result, enjoy their life more. There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs may be different. The public service systems — the telephones, post office, or transportation — may be difficult to work out. The simplest things seem to be big problems. The language may be difficult. Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock surprises most people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their own community. Coming to a new country, these people find they do not have the same settled positions. They find themselves without any identity. They have to build a new self-image. Culture shock leads to a feeling of disorientation (迷失方向). This feeling may be homesickness. When homesick, people feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the strange environment, and create an escape inside their room for a sense of safety. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to make the person familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience — these are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock. 1．When people move to a new country, they _______. A．will adapt to their new surroundings with difficulty B．have well prepared for the new surroundings C．will adapt to the culture of the country quickly D．will never be familiar with the culture of the country 2．According to the passage, factors that cause culture shock include all of the followings except _______. A．language communication B．weather conditions and customs C．public service systems D．homesickness 3．According to the passage, the more successful you are at home, _______. A．the fewer difficulties you may have abroad B．the more difficulties you may have abroad C．the more money you will earn abroad D．the less homesick you may feel abroad 4．The writer tells us that the best way to overcome culture shock is to _______. A．protect ourselves from unfamiliar environment B．develop a strange sense of self-protection C．get familiar with new culture D．return to our own country 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文化冲击的相关内容，主要包括其术语概念、影响因素、受影响人群及解决方法。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Experts say it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture. (专家说，适应一种新文化的生活并不容易)”可知，当人们搬到一个新的国家时，他们会很难适应新环境。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs may be different. The public service systems — the telephones, post office, or transportation — may be difficult to work out. The simplest things seem to be big problems. The language may be difficult. (文化冲击有一些明显的因素。天气可能不太好。习俗可能不同。公共服务系统——电话、邮局或交通——可能很难搞清楚。最简单的事情似乎成了大问题。语言可能很难)”可知，造成文化冲击的因素包括天气状况、习俗、公共服务系统和语言交流，不包括乡愁。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their own community. (文化冲击最严重的往往是那些在自己的社区中从未遇到过任何困难的人)”可知，你在国内越成功，你在国外遇到的困难就越多。故选B项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience — these are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock. (了解新环境，积累经验——这些都是解决文化冲击问题的长期办法)”可知，作者告诉我们克服文化冲击的最好方法是熟悉新的文化。故选C项。 主题02 人与社会——社会文化与遗产 Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高一上学期·福建省福州市·期末） Skill of copying and moving images onto paper is an art form shining in history, Zhao Xu reports. Rubbing, the tracing (描摹) of characters onto a piece of paper, reached its golden age during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). To do this, a thin piece of paper was placed over the surface of the stone tablet (石板) carved with characters. Then water, or later, ink, was applied smoothly to the back of the paper with just the right amount of pressure, to soften the paper and allow for a total moving of the details onto it. The paper was left to dry and then be lifted off the stone surface, carrying with it a copy of the original (原作). Repeated hundreds of thousands of times during the Song era, this hands-on skill enabled educated members of Song society to have a chance to learn from master calligraphic works either from their own times or from earlier dynasties. Oftentimes, the original calligraphy, or even its stone version, became lost over time, thus making the rubbings the only surviving copy of the masterworks that had once existed. In that sense, the Song rubbings, and those behind them; have helped to preserve a cultural relic much valued then and now. Now, art lovers have the chance to visit it at an exhibition (展览) held at Beijing’s Palace Museum themed the Song rubbings. Of the 40 pieces on show, 20 are drawn from the collection of the Palace Museum, which holds a total of 150 Song rubbings. The other half are lent for the first time by the Art Museum of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), whose collection of rubbings were donated by J. S. Lee. “What we have here is not just a showcase of the beauty of ink and paper, the art of calligraphy, carving and rubbing, but also the telling of stories shining in cultural pride and common spirit,” said Wang Xudong, director of the Palace Museum. 1．What do we know about rubbing? A．There were five steps to make a rubbing. B．It moved characters from paper to a stone. C．It was well developed in the Song Dynasty. D．Pressure was applied to the paper to smooth it. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The development of rubbing. B．The importance of rubbing. C．The process of rubbing. D．The loss of rubbing. 3．What does paragraph 4 suggest? A．Altogether there are 150 rubbings on show. B．Twenty of the rubbings were donated by CUHK. C．Sources of the exhibits are from two organizations. D．190 Song rubbings are housed in the Palace Museum now. 4．How does Wang Xudong feel about the exhibition? A．Proud. B．Shocked. C．Thankful. D．Worried. 5．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A research paper. B．A brochure. C．A guidebook to a museum. D．A section of a newspaper. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拓印技术，说明了这种技术的历史以及重要性等知识。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Rubbing, the tracing (描摹) of characters onto a piece of paper, reached its golden age during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). (拓印，即在纸上描画文字，在宋朝（960-1279）达到了鼎盛时期。)”可知，拓印在宋代得到了很好的发展。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Repeated hundreds of thousands of times during the Song era, this hands-on skill enabled educated members of Song society to have a chance to learn from master calligraphic works either from their own times or from earlier dynasties. Oftentimes, the original calligraphy, or even its stone version, became lost over time, thus making the rubbings the only surviving copy of the masterworks that had once existed. In that sense, the Song rubbings, and those behind them; have helped to preserve a cultural relic much valued then and now. (在宋朝，这种实践技能重复了数十万次，使宋朝社会受过教育的成员有机会学习自己时代或早期朝代的书法大师作品。通常情况下，原始的书法，甚至它的石头版本，随着时间的推移而丢失，因此，这些拓片是曾经存在的大师作品的唯一幸存的副本。从这个意义上说，宋朝拓片及其背后的拓片；帮助保护了一件当时和现在都很有价值的文物。)”可知，第三段的主要内容是拓印的重要性。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Of the 40 pieces on show,20 are drawn from the collection of the Palace Museum, which holds a total of 150 Song rubbings. The other half are lent for the first time by the Art Museum of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), whose collection of rubbings were donated by J. S. Lee. (在展出的40件作品中，有20件来自故宫博物院的藏品，故宫博物院共收藏了150件宋朝拓片。另一半则由香港中文大学艺术馆首次出借，该馆的拓片收藏是由J. S. Lee捐赠的。)”可推知，第4段暗示了展品的来源来自两个组织。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段““What we have here is not just a showcase of the beauty of ink and paper, the art of calligraphy, carving and rubbing, but also the telling of stories shining in cultural pride and common spirit,” said Wang Xudong, director of the Palace Museum. (故宫博物院院长王旭东表示：“我们在这里不仅展示了水墨之美、书法、雕刻和拓印艺术，还讲述了文化自豪感和共同精神的故事。”)”可推知，王旭东对这次展览感到骄傲。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段“Skill of copying and moving images onto paper is an art form shining in history, Zhao Xu reports. Rubbing, the tracing (描摹) of characters onto a piece of paper, reached its golden age during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). (赵旭报道，将图像复制并移动到纸上的技术是一种历史上闪耀的艺术形式。拓印，即在纸上描画文字，在宋朝（960-1279）达到了鼎盛时期。)”结合文章主要介绍了拓印技术，说明了这种技术的历史以及重要性等知识。可推知，文章可能选自报纸的部分内容。故选D。 Passage 2 （2023-2024学年高一上学期·福建省泉州市·期末） For long, Preifer Fall Trail (路线) was a most popular attraction in Big Sur. Annually, thousands of people hiked the trail. Unfortunately, the trail, along with stairs, signs, railings, an observation station and wooden bridges, was destroyed in the 2008 Basin Complex Fire. But now a new trail has risen from the burned land. With its amazing rocky coastline and mountains, Big Sur, the writer Henry Miller once said, is “the face of the earth as the creator intended it to look.” But the landscape always suffers natural disasters. There have been three major wildfires in Big Sur in the past years. “You can still see the impacts there,” said John Hiles, a state parks repair team leader, pointing to black marks 30 feet up a huge redwood. Parks planners designed a new track, moving the trail out of the river to reduce its impact on the environment. People from the California protection group, state parks department and the nonprofit organization put in 66,000 hours of work over the past four years. They built 160 redwood stairs and dragged hundreds of 16-foot-long redwood sticks by hand to build railings. They removed 4,150 square feet of old building stuff, enough to cover a basketball court. They used iron cables and pulleys (缆线和滑轮) to build a 70-foot long wooden bridge over the hills. “Nature is probably the best place to learn,” Hiles said. “More than any college or school, you learn so many life lessons out here.” However, the huge Soberanes Fire s wept through the area in 2016, putting a stop to the work. When they began again in 2017, great river storms flooded the area and damaged part of Highway 1. Everybody gathered around this project. They saw the loss. They missed it. They wanted it to come back. They kept combining efforts. It’s been a long journey, but worth the wait. 1．What can we learn about Preifer Fall Trail? A．It is an attraction rebuilt in 2008. B．It met with many natural disasters. C．It features man-made landscape. D．It is an addition to a previous track. 2．How did the people reduce the impact of the trail on the environment? A．By moving the trail off watercourse. B．By using huge redwood sticks. C．By recycling the old building stuff. D．By applying iron cables and pulleys. 3．What can best describe the people’s work? A．Limiting and typical. B．Adventurous but smooth. C．Mysterious and attractive. D．Tough but rewarding. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The rise and fall of a hiking trail. B．California protection projects. C．The recovery of a lost attraction. D．Journeys into wilderness. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了Preifer Fall Trail因为自然灾害被毁，为了恢复这一景点，人们协力付出了许多努力。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Unfortunately, the trail, along with stairs, signs, railings, an observation station and wooden bridges, was destroyed in the 2008 Basin Complex Fire.(不幸的是，这条小径连同楼梯、标志、栏杆、观测站和木桥都在2008年的盆地建筑群大火中被毁)”以及第二段“But the landscape always suffers natural disasters. There have been three major wildfires in Big Sur in the past years.(但这里的景观总是遭受自然灾害。过去几年里，大苏尔发生了三起重大野火)”可知，Preifer Fall Trail遭遇了许多自然灾害。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Parks planners designed a new track, moving the trail out of the river to reduce its impact on the environment.(公园规划者设计了一条新的步道，将步道移出河流，以减少对环境的影响)”可知，人们通过把小路移出水道，来减少步道对环境的影响。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“People from the California protection group, state parks department and the nonprofit organization put in 66,000 hours of work over the past four years. They built 160 redwood stairs and dragged hundreds of 16-foot-long redwood sticks by hand to build railings. They removed 4,150 square feet of old building stuff, enough to cover a basketball court. They used iron cables and pulleys (缆线和滑轮) to build a 70-foot long wooden bridge over the hills.(加州保护组织、州立公园部门和非营利组织的工作人员在过去四年中投入了6.6万小时的工作。他们建造了160层红木楼梯，并用手拖拽了数百根16英尺长的红木棒来建造栏杆。他们拆除了4150平方英尺的旧建筑材料，足以覆盖一个篮球场。他们用铁索和滑轮在山上建造了一座70英尺长的木桥)”以及最后一段“They kept combining efforts. It’s been a long journey, but worth the wait.(他们不断联合努力。这是一个漫长的旅程，但值得等待)”可推知，人们的工作艰难但值得。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“For long, Preifer Fall Trail (路线) was a most popular attraction in Big Sur. Annually, thousands of people hiked the trail. Unfortunately, the trail, along with stairs, signs, railings, an observation station and wooden bridges, was destroyed in the 2008 Basin Complex Fire. But now a new trail has risen from the burned land.(长期以来，Preifer Fall Trail是大苏尔最受欢迎的景点。每年都有成千上万的人徒步旅行。不幸的是，这条小径连同楼梯、标志、栏杆、观测站和木桥都在2008年的盆地建筑群大火中被毁。但现在，一条新的道路从被烧毁的土地上出现了)”结合文章主要说明了Preifer Fall Trail因为自然灾害被毁，为了恢复这一景点，人们协力付出了许多努力。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是恢复失去的景点。故选C。 主题03 人与社会——科技与社会发展 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省泉州市·期末） AI generators (生成器) and the avatars they create are developing rapidly. UK-based company Synthesia aims to move this technology further. Recently, it announced Expressive Avatars, which can show a lot of lifelike human feelings. These avatars are part of what Synthesia calls its “digital actors”. They have improved facial expressions and human-like voices-an upgrade from other AIsystems’ robotic sounds. Synthesia offers more than 160 AI avatars, under the agreement of real human actors. Users can produce videos in more than 130 languages. CEO Victor Riparbelli said that they are not coming for Hollywood; instead, they focus on companies and B2B content, which need communication videos that are easy-to-create and human-like, such as in areas like healthcare. Synthesia’s Expressive Avatars are powered by its Express-1 AI model. It was trained only on content produced in-house, avoiding false data (数据). Riparbelli explained that the company hired thousands of actors to record videos for the model to ensure exactness. The show presented an avatar reacting to words like “I am happy”. The avatars’ speech style is more natural than previous models. Riparbelli said “Whether the conversation is cheerful or serious, our avatars change their performance accordingly, showing a level of care and understanding that was once the special area of human actors.” The possible misuse of this technology is a concern, especially considering the risks of deepfake (深度伪造) technology. “We’ve taken additional steps to prevent the misuse of our technology, including updating our policies to limit the type of content people can make, working on the early finding of dishonest actors, and increasing the teams that work on AI safety,” the company said in an announcement. Synthesia believes that Expressive Avatars will help businesses produce videos that are not only informative but also caring. Riparbelli said “I think we’ re looking at an important shift in capabilities within the next six to nine months.” 1．What is special about Expressive Avatars? A．They show facial expressions. B．They are more human-like. C．They can update themselves. D．They are good at language translation. 2．What does Synthesia use to train its Express-1 AI model? A．Videos of real actors. B．Data from the Internet. C．Sounds of other AI robots. D．Speeches from previous models. 3．Why is Synthesia’s announcement mentioned in paragraph 5? A．To list some examples of misuses. B．To explain its advantages in technology. C．To show its efforts to deal with the risks. D．To encourage users to create more content. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the Expressive Avatars technology? A．Objective. B．Doubtful. C．Confident. D．Uncertain. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Synthesia公司开发的Expressive Avatars技术，该技术通过改进的面部表情和人类般的声音，使虚拟形象更加逼真，并展示了其在商业应用中的潜力，同时提到了公司为防止技术滥用所采取的措施。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“These avatars are part of what Synthesia calls its ‘digital actors’. They have improved facial expressions and human-like voices-an upgrade from other AI systems’ robotic sounds.(这些虚拟形象是Synthesia所称的“数字演员”的一部分。它们拥有改进的面部表情和人类般的声音——这是对其他AI系统机械声音的升级)”可知，Expressive Avatars拥有改进的面部表情和人类般的声音，所以它的特别之处在于它们更加逼真，更像人类。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Riparbelli explained that the company hired thousands of actors to record videos for the model to ensure exactness.(Riparbelli解释说，公司雇佣了数千名演员为模型录制视频，以确保准确性)”可知，Synthesia使用真实演员的视频来训练其Express-1 AI模型。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段中Synthesia的的公告“We’ve taken additional steps to prevent the misuse of our technology, including updating our policies to limit the type of content people can make, working on the early finding of dishonest actors, and increasing the teams that work on AI safety.(我们已经采取了额外措施来防止技术的滥用，包括更新政策以限制人们可以制作的内容类型，致力于早期发现不诚实的演员，并增加负责AI安全的团队)”可推知，提到Synthesia的公告是为了展示其应对技术风险的努力。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“These avatars are part of what Synthesia calls its ‘digital actors’. They have improved facial expressions and human-like voices-an upgrade from other AI systems’ robotic sounds.(这些虚拟形象是Synthesia所称的“数字演员”的一部分。它们拥有改进的面部表情和人类般的声音——这是对其他AI系统机械声音的升级)”和第五段中的“We’ve taken additional steps to prevent the misuse of our technology, including updating our policies to limit the type of content people can make, working on the early finding of dishonest actors, and increasing the teams that work on AI safety.(我们已经采取了额外措施来防止技术的滥用，包括更新政策以限制人们可以制作的内容类型，致力于早期发现不诚实的演员，并增加负责AI安全的团队)”可知，作者既介绍了Expressive Avatars技术的优势，也提到了其潜在的滥用风险，并客观地陈述了公司为防止滥用所采取的措施。因此，作者的态度是客观的。故选A项。 Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省莆田锦江中学·期末） On the evening of April 8, Dunhuang Academy and Huawei jointly launched a brand-new technology-driven tour experience at the Mogao Grottoes. Using Huawei's newly-released Hetu artificial intelligence platform, coupled with the output of the Digital Dunhuang project, visitors to the Mogao Grottoes can enjoy a fantasy experience prior to entering the attraction. Zhao Shengliang, director of the Dunhuang Academy, said that it has been cooperating with Huawei since March 2019. Using Huawei's latest Hetu technology, visitors are able to see the detailed contents of the Dunhuang Art Murals(壁画) outside the caves, through their Huawei mobile phones. This will reduce the time tourists spend inside the cave, aiding the protection of the cultural relics, while at the same time helping to increase the amount of information visitors can obtain. It is also considered to be a new way of promoting Dunhuang Art. The Dunhuang Academy has used digital technology to preserve the research and exploration of Dunhuang Grottoes since the early 1990s. It has collected a wealth of data and has realized the goal of sharing of digital Dunhuang globally. It has played an important role in the protection and research of cultural site, as well as promoting the development and progress of related work. The Huawei Hetu platform unites Dunhuang's study findings, high—resolution images of the site's murals and virtual, three-dimensional models with the real Mogao Grottoes. It has not only re-created the real tour of the scenic spot, but also developed a new way of digitally experiencing the grottoes. When people visit the site, they not only have the experience of seeing the real grottoes, but they can appreciate the admirable artworks more clearly and in greater detail. In the future, Dunhuang Academy will continue to cooperate with Huawei to create more colorful virtual content to enrich the experience of Mogao Art on the platform, helping people around the world get to know Dunhuang Art better. 1．Which is NOT the advantage of the Hetu technology? A．Decrease the cost of the visitors. B．Reduce the time visitors spend inside the cave. C．Help to protect the cultural relics. D．Provide more information for tourists. 2．How long has the Dunhuang Academy used digital technology? A．About a year. B．90 years. C．Nearly 30 years. D．10 years. 3．What‘s the author‘s attitude towards the cooperation between Dunhuang and Huawei? A．Doubtful. B．Opposed. C．Indifferent. D．Hopeful. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Dunhuang Academy Preserves Grottoes Well B．AI Tech Helps Tourists Enjoy Dunhuang's Art C．Huawei Newly Released Hetu AI D．Dunhuang Grottoes Attract Tourists 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了敦煌研究院与华为联合推出了一项全新的技术驱动的莫高窟旅游体验，介绍了这项技术的一些优势，以及数字技术的应用对于敦煌石窟文化保护和研究发挥的重要作用，最后提到敦煌学院将继续与华为合作，创造更加丰富多彩的虚拟内容，丰富莫高窟艺术在平台上的体验，帮助世界各地的人们更好地了解敦煌艺术。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“This will reduce the time tourists spend inside the cave, aiding the protection of the cultural relics, while at the same time helping to increase the amount of information visitors can obtain.”可知这将减少游客在洞内的时间，有助于文物的保护，同时有助于增加游客可以获得的信息数量。由此可知，B选项“减少游客在洞穴内的时间”、C选项“帮助保护文物”以及D选项“为游客提供更多的信息”都是这项技术的优势，除了A选项“降低游客的成本”不是河图技术的优势。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The Dunhuang Academy has used digital technology to preserve the research and exploration of Dunhuang Grottoes since the early 1990s.”可知从20世纪90年代初开始，敦煌研究院就使用数字技术来保存对敦煌石窟的研究和探索。由此可知，敦煌研究院使用数字技术有大约三十年了。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the future, Dunhuang Academy will continue to cooperate with Huawei to create more colorful virtual content to enrich the experience of Mogao Art on the platform, helping people around the world get to know Dunhuang Art better.”可知未来，敦煌学院将继续与华为合作，创造更加丰富多彩的虚拟内容，丰富莫高窟艺术在平台上的体验，帮助世界各地的人们更好地了解敦煌艺术。由此可推知，对于敦煌与华为的合作，作者对此的态度是充满希望的。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“On the evening of April 8, Dunhuang Academy and Huawei jointly launched a brand-new technology-driven tour experience at the Mogao Grottoes. Using Huawei's newly-released Hetu artificial intelligence platform, coupled with the output of the Digital Dunhuang project, visitors to the Mogao Grottoes can enjoy a fantasy experience prior to entering the attraction.”可知4月8日晚，敦煌研究院与华为联合推出了一项全新的技术驱动的莫高窟旅游体验。利用华为新发布的“河图”人工智能平台，加上数字敦煌项目的输出，游客可以在进入莫高窟前享受一种梦幻体验。结合文章还介绍了这项技术的一些优势，以及数字技术的应用对于敦煌石窟文化保护和研究发挥的重要作用，最后提到敦煌学院将继续与华为合作，创造更加丰富多彩的虚拟内容，丰富莫高窟艺术在平台上的体验，帮助世界各地的人们更好地了解敦煌艺术。由此可知，B选项“人工智能科技帮助游客欣赏敦煌艺术”最符合文章标题。故选B。 Passage 3 （2023-2024学年高一上学期·福建省福州市·期末） On holiday, many will find themselves in places where they do not speak the language. Once upon a time, they might have carried a phrasebook. But now, many simple, free apps are good news for those travelers. With these apps’ conversation mode, people talk into a phone and a spoken translation is heard moments later. Maybe the best-known app is Google Translate, though small mistakes can happen due to its word-for-word translation. Surprisingly, the best tool may not be a translation app at all. Though not marketed for that, ChatGPT, a generative AI system, can write messages in different languages, producing natural output like a native speaker. As AI translation becomes an even more popular labour-saving tool, society may divide into two groups. There will be those who want to fully experience other cultures. This group will still take on language study, often aided by technology. Others will look at learning a new language with a different attitude: “Good for you, if that’s your thing, but a bit painful for my taste.” After all, most people do not move abroad or often have contact with a foreign culture. On their holiday, they just want a beer and spaghetti (意大利面). As a result, some experts are concerned that AI is leading to a decreasing interest in language learning. Writer Douglas Hofstadter has argued that something meaningful will disappear when people communicate through machines. He describes giving a disconnected, difficult speech in Chinese, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of achievement at the end. Who would boast of (吹嘘) taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest (珠穆朗玛峰)? While AI translation seems practical, we must recognize the social nature of language. When trying to ask directions in broken Japanese or make a joke in awkward German, you are making direct contact with someone. The best relationships do not require a third party. 1．Which of the following best describes translation apps? A．Free but hard to use. B．Popular but expensive. C．Quick but with mistakes. D．Easy to use but slow. 2．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Conversation. B．Language learning. C．Message writing. D．Translation. 3．Why does the writer mention “beer and spaghetti” in paragraph 3? A．To present an opinion. B．To support a fact. C．To make an excuse. D．To give a reason. 4．What can be inferred from Douglas Hofstadter’s opinion? A．Reaching Mount Everest is quite easy. B．Learning a foreign language is less attractive. C．Talking without the help of technology is worthwhile. D．Making a speech in another language is too challenging. 5．What is the social nature of language? A．Direct connection with people. B．Broken but funny translation. C．Awkward relations between people. D．Communication with the third party. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了翻译应用程序的特点以及如今人工智能成为一种更受欢迎的节省劳动力的工具，社会可能会分成两派。因此，一些专家担心人工智能会导致人们对语言学习的兴趣下降。对此，作者认为虽然人工智能翻译看起来很实用，但我们必须认识到语言的社会性质。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“With these apps’ conversation mode, people talk into a phone and a spoken translation is heard moments later. Maybe the best-known app is Google Translate, though small mistakes can happen due to its word-for-word translation.(有了这些应用程序的对话模式，人们对着电话说话，一会儿就能听到语音翻译。也许最著名的应用程序是谷歌翻译，尽管它的逐字翻译可能会出现一些小错误)”可推知，翻译应用快速但有时会有错误。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Surprisingly, the best tool may not be a translation app at all.(令人惊讶的是，最好的工具可能根本不是翻译应用程序)”以及后文“ChatGPT, a generative AI system, can write messages in different languages, producing natural output like a native speaker (ChatGPT是一个生成型人工智能系统，可以用不同的语言编写信息，像母语人士一样产生自然输出)”可知，ChatGPT是一种生成式人工智能系统，尽管没有被宣传有翻译功能，它还是可以用不同的语言编写信息，像母语人士一样自然地说话，故that指的是“翻译”。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“After all, most people do not move abroad or often have contact with a foreign culture. On their holiday, they just want a beer and spaghetti (意大利面).(毕竟，大多数人不会移居国外，也不会经常接触外国文化。度假时，他们只想要一杯啤酒和意大利面)”可推知，作者在第三段提到“啤酒和意大利面”是为了支持上文提到的大多数人不会移居国外，也不会经常接触外国文化的事实。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Writer Douglas Hofstadter has argued that something meaningful will disappear when people communicate through machines. He describes giving a disconnected, difficult speech in Chinese, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of achievement at the end. Who would boast of (吹嘘) taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest (珠穆朗玛峰)?(作家Douglas Hofstadter认为，当人们通过机器进行交流时，一些有意义的东西将消失。他描述了用中文做一个断断续续、困难的演讲，这需要大量的工作，但最后会有一种成就感。谁会夸耀自己曾乘坐直升机登上珠穆朗玛峰？)”可知，根据Douglas Hofstadter的观点，没有技术帮助的谈话是值得的。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据最后一段“While AI translation seems practical, we must recognize the social nature of language. When trying to ask directions in broken Japanese or make a joke in awkward German, you are making direct contact with someone. The best relationships do not require a third party. (虽然人工智能翻译看起来很实用，但我们必须认识到语言的社会性质。当你试图用蹩脚的日语问路或用笨拙的德语讲笑话时，你是在与某人直接接触。最好的关系不需要第三者)”可知，语言的社会本质是与人直接联系。故选A。 主题04 人与自然——野生动物保护与生态平衡 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省宁德市·期末） As the Arctic (北极) continues to warm because of climate change, polar bears are spending more time searching for food in rubbish cans, instead of hunting for seals (海豹) on sea ice. And as human activity in northern communities increases, the bears’ growing dependence on rubbish is leading to more human-bear conflict (冲突). Polar bears spend much of the year walking around on sea ice looking for seals, their main source of food. But scientists say the Arctic Ocean is warming four times faster than the rest of the world and, as a result, Arctic sea ice is melting (融化) earlier each spring and forming later each fall, which means the bears are going hungry for longer and longer periods of time. With less sea ice, the bears are spending more time on land. And because of their curious nature, they’re finding their way to rubbish cans, which is dangerous for both bears and humans. Scientists are also concerned because young polar bears still under the care of their mothers are learning rubbish is an easy source of food. The situation will likely get worse, unless governments take steps to improve waste management. But dealing with rubbish has historically been a challenge for faraway northern communities, where the ground is often too frozen to bury rubbish and trucking the rubbish out is expensive. Still, the researchers call for immediate action, as food-related polar bear issues can quickly get out of control. Bears remember where they find food and will return again and again, often in greater numbers. In addition, human populations in the north are also growing, which will also mean more rubbish. 1．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．Climate change. B．Rubbish problem. C．Food issue of polar bears. D．human activities. 2．What makes polar bears go hungry for longer time? A．Less sea ice than normal. B．Extreme weather conditions. C．The drop in seal population. D．Overuse of resources by humans. 3．What are scientists concerned about? A．Bear population will increase in great numbers. B．Human waste in the Arctic is expensive to deal with. C．Many governments refuse to take immediate action. D．Little polar bears may develop a habit of eating rubbish. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the polar bears’ future? A．Worried. B．Uncertain. C．Positive. D．Hopeful. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了北极熊因为海冰减少，导致生存危机，文章分析了这一情况产生的原因以及人们为此付出的努力。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“As the Arctic (北极) continues to warm because of climate change, polar bears are spending more time searching for food in rubbish cans, instead of hunting for seals (海豹) on sea ice. And as human activity in northern communities increases, the bears’ growing dependence on rubbish is leading to more human-bear conflict (冲突).(由于气候变化，北极持续变暖，北极熊花更多的时间在垃圾桶里寻找食物，而不是在海冰上捕食海豹。随着人类在北方社区活动的增加，北极熊对垃圾的依赖越来越大，这导致了更多的人熊冲突)”可知，第一段主要讲的是北极熊的食物问题。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“But scientists say the Arctic Ocean is warming four times faster than the rest of the world and, as a result, Arctic sea ice is melting (融化) earlier each spring and forming later each fall, which means the bears are going hungry for longer and longer periods of time.(但是科学家说，北冰洋变暖的速度是世界其他地区的四倍，因此，北极海冰每年春天融化得更早，每年秋天形成得更晚，这意味着北极熊挨饿的时间越来越长)”可知，海冰比正常情况少让北极熊长时间挨饿。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Scientists are also concerned because young polar bears still under the care of their mothers are learning rubbish is an easy source of food.(科学家们也很担心，因为还在母亲照顾下的小北极熊正在学习垃圾是一种容易的食物来源)”可知，科学家们担心的是小北极熊可能会养成吃垃圾的习惯。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But dealing with rubbish has historically been a challenge for faraway northern communities, where the ground is often too frozen to bury rubbish and trucking the rubbish out is expensive.(但是，处理垃圾历来对遥远的北方社区来说是一个挑战，那里的土地往往太冻结而无法掩埋垃圾，而且用卡车运出垃圾的成本很高)”以及“Bears remember where they find food and will return again and again, often in greater numbers. In addition, human populations in the north are also growing, which will also mean more rubbish.(熊记得它们在哪里找到食物，并且会一次又一次地回来，通常是成群结队。此外，北方的人口也在增长，这也意味着更多的垃圾)”可知，作者对北极熊的未来感到担心。故选A。 Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省三明市·期末） This past summer, a turtle (海龟) was freed after making an unexpected nearly one-year-long recovery fighting. Solaria had been hit and completely pressed by a running car in Montauk, suffering several fracture (骨折), and was rescued and named by the Turtle Rescue of the Hamptons. The Turtle Rescue of the Hamptons is a turtle recovery center located on the North Fork of Long Island. When Solaria was first sent to the center, it was Dr. Turetski who gave him some first-aid. “Dr. Turetski majors in emergency aid when the animal cannot be immediately taken to a wildlife center,” Jennifer Faga, local wildlife rescuer, said. “He has his own practice and works on animals in serious situations like this one.” After being treated by Dr. Turetski for a short period of time, Solaria was sent to the Turtle Rescue of the Hamptons, and recovered with the rescue for almost a year until this summer, when she finished her recovery and was successfully freed. “It’s really important to take care of these guys because they take care of our ecosystems,” said Testa, director of the centre. “Turtles are both a marker and a key species.” Being the former means that turtles are affected by the chemicals left on the ground, while being the latter means that the ecosystem around such species is dependent on it. Turtles spread seeds, fertilize the ground, which makes the earth more productive, clean the water, and preserve health around their ecosystem. “Turtles can live for 40-60 years, yet on Long Island, turtles are in danger. Like Solaria, they are often hit by cars, so many of their lives are cut short,” Testa said. “To help stop situations like Solaria’s from happening again, if you see a turtle crossing the road, pick it up and place him away from the road whenever possible.” 1．What happened to Solaria? A．It was hit by a truck. B．It was injured seriously. C．It was named by its owner. D．It took him over a year to recover. 2．Which of the following can best describe Dr. Turetski? A．Talented. B．Responsible. C．Warm-hearted. D．Professional. 3．What does the underlined word “fertilize” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Measure. B．Destroy. C．Enrich. D．Enlarge. 4．In the last paragraph, Testa aims to ________. A．give an example B．give a solution C．make an arrangement D．make an impression 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了海龟Solaria的救援与恢复过程及其生态重要性。 1．细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Solaria had been hit and completely pressed by a running car in Montauk, suffering several fracture (骨折), and was rescued and named by the Turtle Rescue of the Hamptons. (这只名叫索拉里亚的海龟在蒙托克被一辆疾驰的汽车撞倒并完全压过，导致多处骨折，随后被汉普顿海龟救援组织救起并命名)”可知，Solaria受了重伤。故选B。 2．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“When Solaria was first sent to the center, it was Dr. Turetski who gave him some first-aid. “Dr. Turetski majors in emergency aid when the animal cannot be immediately taken to a wildlife center,” Jennifer Faga, local wildlife rescuer, said. (当Solaria首次被送到该中心时，是Turetski医生为它进行了急救。“当动物无法立即被送往野生动物中心时，Turetski医生专攻紧急救援，”当地野生动物救援者ennifer Faga说。“他有自己的诊所，并且处理过像这样严重的动物案例。”)”可知，当Solaria第一次被送到救援中心时，是Turetski医生给它进行了急救，并且Turetski医生专门研究在动物无法立即被送到野生动物中心时的紧急援助。由此推知，Turetski医生非常专业。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。由文章第四段中“Turtles spread seeds, fertilize the ground, which makes the earth more productive, clean the water, and preserve health around their ecosystem. (海龟会传播种子、fertilize土地，使土地更加肥沃，还会净化水质，并维护其生态系统内的健康)”可知，此处应该是指海龟对土地有积极作用，使土地更加肥沃，因此fertilize意为“使肥沃，丰富”，与选项C“Enrich (使富有，使（土壤）肥沃)”意思相符。故选C。 4．推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“To help stop situations like Solaria’s from happening again, if you see a turtle crossing the road, pick it up and place him away from the road whenever possible. (为了防止像Solaria这样的事情再次发生，如果你在路上看到海龟过马路，请尽可能把它捡起来，放到远离道路的地方)”可知，Testa旨在提出一个解决方案，以帮助防止像Solaria这样的情况再次发生。故选B。 Passage 3 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省莆田市第十五中学·期末） The distinctive Northerm Bald Ibis (秃头朱鹮), hunted nearly to extinction by the 17th century, was brought back by raising and rewilding efforts over the last two decades. But the birds don’t know which direction to fly to migrate (迁徙) without wild-born elders leading the way. So a team of scientists and conservationists took on the role of parents and flight instructors. Biologist Johannes Fritz and the Waldrapp team, an Austrian conservation group, have been teaching the birds their migration paths. Since 2002, they’ve increased the Central European population from zero to nearly 300 birds, changing the species’ status from “critically endangered” to “endangered.” To prepare them for travel, the chicks are taken away, when they are just a few days old, to their human parents in the hope of “imprinting” — when the birds will bond with those humans to finally trust them along the migration route. Then the human parents sit on the back of a super light aircraft, waving and shouting words of support as it flies through the air. It’s an odd scene: The aircraft looks like a flying car with a huge fan on the back and a yellow parachute keeping it in the air. Still, three dozen birds follow it sailing over the Alps. Fritz, inspired by “Father Goose” Bill Lishman, who taught geese to fly alongside his ultra-light plane, leads the birds on their migration. The first successful independent migration was in 2011, and more birds have followed the 550-kilometer route each year. The team hopes to have over 350 birds by 2028, making the population self-sustaining. However, climate change has affected their migration. In response, the team piloted a new route to southern Spain in 2023, which is longer and more challenging. The entire journey to Spain could take up to 50 days and end in early October. But Fritz says, “The effort is bigger than just the Northern Bald Ibises. It’s about paving the way for other threatened migratory species to fly.” 1．What is the major challenge faced by the Northern Bald Ibises during their migration? A．Long distances. B．Absence of guidance. C．Human hunting. D．Limited resting spots. 2．Why are the birds taken away when they are just a few days old? A．To improve their flying skills. B．To show them the migration route. C．To build an emotional tie with humans. D．To test their independence from their parents. 3．What do the research team do during their flight? A．They shout like elder birds. B．They try new migratory routes. C．They encourage the birds to follow. D．They use an airplane to find the way. 4．What are Fritz’s words in the last paragraph mainly about? A．The worth of the conservation effort B．The role of technology in the research C．The need to help other migratory species D．The promising future of wildlife migration 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕北方秃头朱鹮这一濒危物种展开，讲述了它几近灭绝后在科学家和保护主义者团队帮助下恢复种群数量、学习迁徙路线、进行迁徙以及应对气候变化开辟新路线等一系列故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Bu$ 专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01人与自我——身心健康管理 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省莆田锦江中学·期末） Are you preparing for a big test? If so, you may want to play some basketball in between hitting the books. Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels (血管) , including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. She says, “While we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can really cause physical changes in the brain.” The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies. Babies who do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active. With babies, even a little movement can show big results. Older people can beef up their brain as well. Scientists from 11 universities studied a group of seniors aged from 70 to 79. Their study showed a short-term memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week. The exercise does not have to be very difficult, but it does have to increase the heart rate. Also, just like the motion for babies, exercise for seniors should involve some complexity (复杂). Learning some new skills or motions, such as with yoga or Tai Ji, helps open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main goal is to increase the brain’s flow of blood. And your brain can benefit from as little as three hours of exercise a week. 1．What do we know from paragraph 1? A．The brain needs special mental exercise. B．The more exercise, the bigger the brain. C．Exercise helps the brain develop better. D．Exercise makes us stronger and happier. 2．What does the underlined “beef up” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Organise. B．Improve. C．Relax. D．Rescue. 3．How can 3 hours of proper exercise a week help? A．Lengthen the age from 70 to 79. B．Increase the heart rate of babies. C．Benefit seniors’ short-term memory. D．Open up memory paths for students. 4．What is the purpose of the text? A．To offer advice on how to do exercise. B．To introduce ways to change the brain. C．To give tips on how to raise test scores. D．To encourage exercise for brain benefit. Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省漳州市·期末） As a child, Josh Patner became used to stepping over his mom, who would lie down in the kitchen to escape his grandmother’s nagging (唠叨). Patner’s father, also a fan of the floor, took a 20-minute rest under the piano each night after work. It’s therefore unsurprising that Patner enjoys floor time —in part to stretch (伸展) his body because he has a back pain, but also because it’s calming. Lily Bishop, a graduate student, loves lying flat on her back, silently staring at the ceiling. “I am a floor person.” she said. “Meeting just ended? Floor. Home from the gym? Floor. I find it makes me more relaxed and slows down the anxious thoughts.” What’s so great about being on the floor? Although there aren’t enough researches that explore the benefits of lying on the ground, experts say spending time on the floor can help us feel grounded. When you lie flat on your back, your gesture is open and relaxed, which may have a calming effect, said Fllen Hendriksen, a psychologist in Boston. “Your body and mood want to cling (保持一致). This is why it’s difficult to feel hopeful if you’re sitting in your chair, head hanging down.” she said. Lying on the ground might also help us avoid ruminating, or repeatedly going over the same negative (消极的) thoughts in your head, explained Alan Fogel, a professor at the University of Utah. “Typically what happens, especially in familiar places like our bed, is that our mind keeps working,” Fogel said. “We think about what happened during the day and what we should have done.” When lying on the floor, however, you may realize more what your body is feeling and focus less on your thoughts. To get comfortable, it becomes necessary to go down to the floor and soften your muscles, Fogel added. The focus on letting go makes it easier to help the body and mind reduce the pressure —to “just be,” he said. 1．Why are Patner and Bishop mentioned in the first two paragraphs? A．To stress the influence of families’ traditions. B．To tell different habits of different people. C．To introduce a special way to relax. D．To state the anxiety of the young. 2．What can we know about being on the floor? A．It has changed people’s lifestyle. B．It has led to further researches. C．It brings people peace of mind. D．It cures people of diseases. 3．What does the underlined word “ruminating” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Overthinking. B．Oversleeping. C．Misbehaving. D．Misunderstanding. 4．How does Fogel support his opinions in the last paragraph? A．By explaining rules. B．By doing experiments. C．By making comparison. D．By referring to studies. Passage 3 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省莆田第八中学·期末） A recent study has discovered that gentle sound stimulation, referred to as pink noise, could enhance deep sleep among older adults and strengthen their word recall abilities. Deep sleep is critical for memory consolidation. But beginning in middle age, it decreases considerably, contributing to memory loss in aging. The sound stimulation significantly enhanced deep sleep in participants and their scores on a memory test. This innovative approach offers a simple and safe means to potentially enhance memory among older individuals and mitigate the natural age-related memory decline. A team of researchers from the Northwestern University in the US gathered 13 adults aged 60 and above, monitoring their sleep in a lab for two nights. On both nights, the participants underwent a memory test, went to bed while wearing headphones and a special cap, and took the memory test again in the morning. But without the participants’ awareness, researchers only played pink noise into the headphones on one night. More specifically, they timed the sounds to match the participants’ slow-wave oscillations. During deep sleep, brain waves slow to approximately one oscillation per second, compared to about ten oscillations per second during wakefulness. The system they employed in the study allowed the team to deliver a low burst of pink noise at the “precise moment” when the participants’ slow waves rose — a pattern that is unique to each person. The study found that participants’ slow waves increased after the night of sound stimulation, suggesting a potential enhancement in their deep sleep quality. And in the morning after hearing pink noise, they performed three times better on memory tests than they did after sleeping without any sound stimulation. The study was a relatively small one and Northwestern has taken steps to confirm its findings and to study how longer-term use of pink noise affects sleep. The team aims to develop an affordable device that people can use at home, from the comfort of their beds. 1．What did the study reveal about the impact of pink noise? A．It disturbs overall sleep quality. B．It weakens word recall abilities. C．It increases the length of sleep. D．It boosts memory performance. 2．The underlined word “mitigate” in the second paragraph most probably means _________. A．decrease B．notice C．worsen D．describe 3．What can be learned about the new study? A．It adjusted participants’ slow-wave oscillations precisely. B．It employed a sound system to match slow-wave oscillations. C．It compared different sound effects on the elderly and the youth. D．It played various sorts of pink noises into participants’ headphones. 4．It can be inferred that the approach used in the study _________. A．pose a long-term risk for older adults. B．requires an innovative and affordable device C．has the potential to be put into practice. D．lacks researchers’ interest in confirming findings. 主题02人与自我——自我成长与能力提升 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省南平市·期末） In recent years, scientists have found that practicing or enjoying arts can change your brain and behavior. For example, children who enjoy creative activities at age 7 are less likely to have behavioral problems at age 11. Assal Habibi, a neuroscientist in Los Angeles, studies how music affects the brain. She found that kids in music programs tend to manage executive-function (执行功能) tasks better than kids who aren’t involved in music. Doodling (涂鸦) while learning something can also help people better remember that information. In one study, 12 to 13-year-old students in Iran took short tests after a series of science lessons. During some lessons, students were given paper and invited to doodle during class. Those who did so enhanced their test grades, compared with those who hadn’t. This suggests that art might help people learn, even about unrelated things. In the 1990s, Mariale Hardiman was a school leader in Baltimore, who noticed students’ test scores were dropping. She started a program called arts integration, and used art in many subjects. Students made raps for history, songs for math, and dances for science. This helped them remember more and get higher test scores. You don’t need training or talent to make or enjoy art. Just include it in your everyday life, like singing, drumming, or putting together skits with friends. Bone, a researcher in London, says we should think broadly about creativity, especially for young people. For example, creating content for TikTok requires a lot of creativity. Some research shows that even viewing art can cause lasting changes in how we feel and act. So visit museums. Go to concerts. Watch plays. All of these may help improve brainpower in useful ways. Let your inner artist shine. 1．How does taking part in arts affect children? A．It makes them behave better. B．It improves their expressive skills. C．It repairs their brain functions. D．It helps them get information easily. 2．What does the underlined word “enhanced” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Controlled. B．Revised. C．Improved. D．Checked. 3．What can we learn from paragraph 4? A．Arts have different forms. B．Viewing art has little effect. C．Enjoying art needs creativity. D．Arts should be a part of daily life. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward arts? A．Objective. B．Unclear. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful. Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省莆田市第十五中学·期末） Feeling a bit bored? It could be just what you need to produce your best ideas, excite your creativity or simply give your brain a rest. Nowadays, in the age of round-the-clock entertainment, it’s (technically) trickier to be bored. If the show you’re watching has lost its spark, you can easily amuse yourself on social media without even leaving the sofa. But that’s not necessarily a good thing. Feeling disengaged from the task in hand, or a lack of stimulation (刺激), does have its benefits, according to researchers at the University of Central Lancashire. Being bored motivates you to search out something less boring to do. For example, if you decide there’s nothing worth watching on TV, you might choose to switch off and take up a new hobby. This, according to researchers, can explain why the lockdowns of the past two years saw a surge (激增) in creativity among people stuck at home from banana-bread-making to picking up a paintbrush for the first time since childhood. But what about those times when you have no choice but to stick with the boring situation, waiting for a bus, for instance? The good news is that the boredom you’re feeling now could spark your creativity later, says a 2019 study published in the Academy of Management Discoveries journal. People who’d taken part in a bean-sorting task later performed better at coming up with creative ideas than another group who’d been given something more interesting to do first. Ultimately, don’t take it for granted that there’ll always be something close at hand to entertain us. With boredom, we will not run the risk of becoming boring ourselves. 1．What does the author imply in paragraph 2? A．Wondering mind can be healthy. B．Social media can surely entertain us. C．Being bored may be something good. D．Being involved in the task is beneficial. 2．Why was the surge in creativity seen recently? A．People were stimulated by boredom. B．People were better equipped at home. C．People had more hobbies to choose from. D．People were more concerned about mental being. 3．What is the purpose of the bean-sorting task in the 2019 study? A．To create a boring situation. B．To reduce people’s boredom. C．To make a funny performance. D．To show an entertainment at hand. 4．What is the best title of the passage? A．What is the point of creativity? B．Are we more easily bored nowadays? C．How can we deal with daily boredom? D．Does boredom make us more creative? Passage 3 （2023-2024学年高一上学期·福建省泉州市·期末） When you’re bored, what do you do? The answer is a no-brainer: you reach for your phone. Five minutes of doggy pictures can seem like the perfect break. But a new unpublished study has bad news. Reaching for your phone is likely to leave you feeling more bored. To figure out the relationship between phones and boredom, the research team set up an app on the phones of 83 volunteers to keep an eye on how often they used their devices. They also asked these volunteers to keep detailed diaries at work, recording their level of tiredness and boredom. The researchers’ first discovery was no shocker. We’re on our phones a lot. Phone breaks were very frequent: in the 20 minutes following each questionnaire, volunteers picked up their phone 52 percent of the time, spending an average of around 90 seconds on it each time. Equally unsurprising was the second finding: the more tired we are, the more likely we are to reach for our phones. The real kicker was the final finding. While we look to our phones to relieve our tiredness and boredom, screen time actually seemed to increase feelings of boredom. The research team thought about the different reasons why this might be so. Shifting from work to your phone and back again may end up being more tiring in mind than it is stimulating (提神的). In other words, that baby goat video was nice, but not worth the cost to your brain in effort and concentration. Besides, picking up your phone might just serve as a reminder of all the fun and interesting things out there you could be doing if you didn’t have to fill out paperwork. This one small study can’t clearly say if either of these explanations is right, but the basic takeaway is pretty clear: A quick look at your phone is going to make your brain feel even more fried. If so, what to do instead? 1．Why did the research team set up an app on the volunteers’ phones? A．To ensure their rest time. B．To remove their boredom. C．To track their phone usage. D．To record their tiredness. 2．What do the underlined words “the real kicker” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．The most unexpected. B．The most advanced. C．The most frequent. D．The most relieving. 3．The baby goat video is mentioned in paragraph 4 to show ________. A．phones can be tiring B．phones can be inspiring C．phones can function as a reminder D．phones can benefit our paperwork 4．What might the author continue talking about? A．Why screen time is harmful. B．How to take a better break. C．Recommended online activities. D．Studies on phone addiction. 主题03 人与社会——社会文化与遗产 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省龙岩市·期末） Heritages are unique and precious characteristics of a society that are passed down through generations. Without particular preservation efforts, many of these become lost in time. Africa is a continent with rich cultural heritage. Traditions like folk tales and dances by the moonlight, poem and other unique activities make up a large part of cultural heritage in Africa. Uganda’s Ekyogero traditional herbal (药草) bath is a famous tradition. It is a bath for newborn babies that is popular in many communities in Uganda. According to the culture, it makes the child strong and physically healthy. It is a herbal bath that is used to wash the baby and give it smooth skin. It is believed to bring good luck to the newborn and drive away curses (祸根) . It is also believed that modern medicine does not have answers for every condition. In fact, a lot of modern medical treatments are based on traditional applications of herbs. One unique thing about the Wodaabe people of Niger is the Guérewol competition. It is an annual marriage competition that has young men dancing and singing while dressed up with decorations and painted faces. As they dance and sing, they pat (轻拍) their eyes and show off their teeth to look more attractive. They intend to have one of the young girls of marriageable age fall in love with them and their skills. Among the Maasai people of Kenya and Northern Tanzania spitting is a sign of respect and honor. It is also seen as a form of positive greeting. If one spits on one’ s hands, which are then used to shake someone’s hand, it means a friendly greeting. When done on a single person, especially a baby, it means blessings (祝福) . Also, when a father spits on his daughter on her wedding day, it means wishes and blessings for a beautiful home. Today, most of the world is returning to its traditional ways or ideas. If countries like China, India, and Japan, who have long followed their traditional culture are doing well now, then Africa can do so too. It is time for Africans to get back to their roots by remembering and rebuilding their traditions. By taking part in a return to traditions, Africans will rebuild their diversity (多样性) of cultural heritage. 1．What do we know about the Ekyogero herbal bath? A．It’s a practice in the countryside of Uganda. B．It is a modern baby care practice. C．It becomes unpopular in modern times. D．It offers physical and spiritual benefits. 2．Why do young men dance and sing in the Guérewol competition? A．To make marriage funds. B．To celebrate the spring. C．To attract young girls. D．To display their costume. 3．How does a Maasai father express blessings to his wedding daughter? A．By shaking her hand. B．By patting her eyes. C．By showing off his teeth. D．By spitting on her daughter. 4．What is the writer’s attitude towards Africa’s recovering its heritage? A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Unconcerned. D．Worried. Passage 2 （2023-2024学年高一上学期·福建省厦门市·期末） The cooperation between the Ten cent’s Digital Culture Laboratory (DCL) and the Sichuan  Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology is ground-breaking. Using digital technologies such as AI, big data, cloud computing, knowledge graphs and computer vision, thousands of pieces unearthed from the Sanxingdui are being scanned, analyzed and calculated to determine whether or how they can be pieced back together. This greatly improves efficiency (效率) and presents new situations that may not have been possible through traditional means. A 4,500-year-old bronze statue from Sanxingdui, for centuries in broken and bent pieces, now appears in its impressive form. The restoration (修复) is an important development for archaeology—it’s digital. The bronze statue shows a four-legged beast with a worshipper kneeling on its back. The beast and the kneeling worshipper were unearthed separately from two different holes in 2021. Through markings on the beast’s back and the worshipper’s knees, the team guessed they may have been part of the same statue.3D modeling and AI analysis of size, weight and balance helped the team to decide that the two belonged together. Computer vision aided in straightening the bent parts and filling in missing pieces, such as an ear and an arm. Sanxingdui is believed to be part of the ancient Shu Kingdom. There is no written text on how the Shu people lived or why they disappeared. Clues to their existence come from relics.  While some relics were discovered in the late 1920s, detailed archaeological excavations (挖掘) began only in the 1980s when the first two holes were unearthed. Six more came to light in 2021. All uncovered relics suggest a civilization not only technologically advanced, but also earlier than first thought. “There is more to the work we are doing than just archaeology.” said Zhan Shu, Head of DCL. The project will include the Shu people’s history and culture into video games, music, and literature so that the past can be more related to the younger generations. 1．What can we know about the restoration of the bronze statue? A．Digital technologies provided a new solution. B．The restoration was completed by hand. C．Traditional ways helped fill in missing parts. D．Major parts were discovered in one single hole. 2．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Sanxingdui? A．Its newly-found written text. B．Its sudden disappearance. C．Its excavation method. D．Its archaeological value. 3．Why does the project include Shu history in modern media? A．To provide relaxation means. B．To reform music education. C．To connect youths with history. D．To highlight Shu technology. 4．What would be the best title for this text? A．Digital Technologies: Changing Archaeological Practices B．Sanxingdui: The Lost Civilization of the Shu Kingdom C．Uncovering the Secrets of Ancient Bronze Statue D．Promoting Culture Through History Education 主题04 人与社会——人际互动与社会项目 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省福建师范大学附属中学·期末） We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence. What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have weakened conversational intelligence (智力). It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits. Regarding small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. “Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication,” says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. “Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,” he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.” In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. “It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,” says Dunn. “But interactions with peripheral (边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.” Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. “Good manners are based on small talks,” he says. 1．What does the scene described in the first paragraph show? A．Feeling uneasy about complete silence. B．Discomfort from crowds. C．Not enough interaction between strangers. D．People’s addiction to smartphones. 2．What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci? A．Showing good manners. B．Relating to other people. C．Making business deals. D．Focusing on a shared topic. 3．What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk? A．It improves family relationships. B．It raises people’s confidence. C．It matters as much as a formal talk. D．It makes people feel good. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Skills of communication B．Ways of Breaking Silence C．Benefits of Small Talk D．Avoidance of Embarrassment Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省南平市·期末） Joyful giggles (咯咯笑) fill the room, as the delighted baby plays with a laughing older man. Mark Gould, 62, is enjoying the game as much as the eight-month-old baby, whose parents Beth and Craig Macauley join in with their laughter. This scene is a daily event they all share. But until three years ago, Mark and the couple were total strangers. Beth, 28, and Craig, 32, had only met Mark a few times before he moved in with them, as part of a project called Shared Lives. Founded in 1978, this project has been placing strangers with needs with families, who are happy to give them a loving home, for 46 years. More than 10,000 carers have opened their homes to someone else who needs support. Craig’s mum had been a Shared Lives carer. It was seeing how much pleasure the role gave her and, in turn, their family, that made Craig keen to follow in her footsteps. After living in nursing home for most of his life, with some learning difficulties and no blood family to care for him, Mark is finally part of a wonderfully happy home. Now Mark has learned how to make his own meals and can even go to the shops independently. He had never had the opportunity to learn how to do those things before. “It’s so good to be part of a family now. It really has changed my life.” “Mark gets a lot out of it, but it’s not one way, we get a lot out of it too. The four of us just enjoy life together. Also, it’s really important to us that our son is brought up in a home with a sense of kindness. Mark is not a stranger to our lives, he enriches them,” Craig said. 1．Which word can best describe the scene in paragraph 1? A．Loving. B．Noisy. C．Awkward. D．Stressful. 2．Who might receive support from Shared Lives? A．Seniors without a family. B．Couples with no children. C．Kids without learning chances. D．Strangers with no shelters. 3．What contributed to Craig’s joining in the project? A．Beth’s advice. B．His son’s need. C．Mark’s request. D．His mum’s influence. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Shared Lives B．Joyful Childhood C．A Helpful Couple D．A Lucky Old Man Passage 3 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省三明市·期末） Researchers discovered that social experiences affect not only a person’s stress level and ability to manage, but also markers of physical health, according to a study published Monday in the magazine Society for Personality and Social Psychology. The study followed more than 4,000 people for three weeks. Every three days, these people used their smartphones or smartwatches to report on their positive and negative experiences with their closest social relationships and to share information about their blood pressure, heart rate, stress levels, etc. Having more positive experiences in social relationships was generally connected with lower stress and lower blood pressure, or spikes (峰值) in blood pressure under stress, according to the study. However, having social relationships which jump between good and bad often can be unhelpful. When there is a lot of uncertainties, the negative experiences seemed to have a bigger impact on a person than the positive, said lead study author Brian Don of the University of Auckland. The results are not surprising, considering that previous studies have also documented a link between healthy relationships and healthier bodies, said Dr. Kathleen Mullan Harris, a professor of sociology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. For those who want to improve their social connections, Adam Smiley Poswolsky, a workplace expert, advises starting small, such as reconnecting with old friends or taking part in new social activities. He stresses the importance of investing (投入) meaningful time in relationships. He also points out that the quality of relationships, characterized by each other’s support and understanding, is important for their positive effect on health. 1．What does the study say about social experiences? A．They only affect stress level. B．They influence health condition. C．They hurt physical health. D．They are helpful to creative thinking. 2．How was the study conducted? A．By collecting information. B．By interviewing lots of people. C．By researching previous studies. D．By studying different social relationships. 3．What can we learn about uncertain social relationships? A．They may have a bad effect. B．They can bring us comfort. C．They make us feel lonely. D．They help us become confident. 4．What’s the main idea of paragraph 5? A．How to understand each other. B．How to invest time with friends. C．How to promote friendship quality. D．How to build good social relationships. 主题05 人与自然——自然环境与人类活动 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省宁德市·期末） Researchers at MIT have come up with the concept (概念) of “outdoor days”— the number of days per year in a given place when the temperature is not too hot or cold to enjoy normal outdoor activities. They used this method to measure how global warming affects different areas of the United States. They discovered that some states, particularly Florida and other parts of the Southeast, would see a big drop in outdoor days, while some states in the Northwest would see a small increase. This finding was published in Geophysical Research Letters by researchers Yeon-Woo Choi and Elfatih Eltahir. By collecting and examining temperature data (数据) since 1960, the researchers found that in recent years, the number of outdoor days in some places has changed compared to the past. “It seems like the Southeast is suffering major losses in the number of outdoor days,” says Choi. “This will affect people’s quality of life, and also the attractiveness of tourism and for people who want to settle here when they get old.” The study also found that the seasonal pattern (模式) of outdoor days might change a lot. Although most areas now enjoy the most outdoor days in summer, spring and fall will become the preferred seasons for outdoor activities as summers get hotter. This change can be seen in Florida, where spring and fall are increasingly becoming the more enjoyable seasons for outdoor activities, while summer is no longer the best time of the year. Eltahir explains, “We noticed that some people think climate change will happen later and will affect someone else. And this belief is part of the reason why people are not taking enough action now.” However, the idea of outdoor days connects climate change to personal daily activities. He adds, “We hope this idea would lead to the development of sound, science-based plans to fight climate change.” 1．What is the concept of “outdoor days” about? A．Weather report. B．Climate issue. C．temperature data. D．Weather service. 2．What will fewer outdoor days lead to according to Choi? A．Growth in tourism industry. B．Attractiveness for the old. C．Lower quality of life. D．Drop in indoor activities. 3．What can we learn from Eltahir’s words? A．Climate change will take place later. B．“Outdoor days” leads to climate change. C．“Outdoor days” prevents people taking action. D．Effective plans are needed to fight climate change. 4．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Outdoor Days: A New Concept to Enjoy Life B．Outdoor Days: A Measure on Climate Change C．Outdoor Days: A Way to Explain Seasonal Pattern D．Outdoor Days: A Method to Predict Tourism Direction Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省莆田第一中学·期末） The sun rises over the Cordillera mountain ranges in the Philippines, lighting up the beautiful terraced rice fields. Rows of terraces（梯田）wrap around the mountainsides from the ground to the very mountaintops, as far as the eye can see. Built with stone walls at least 1, 000 years old, possibly 2, 000 years，they are maintained by the ancient tradition and the lifestyle of the local Ifugao people. But life here is changing，and with it comes threats（威胁）to this World Heritage（遗产）Site. Young people are influenced by modern media and no longer want to work such long hours. More educational opportunities mean that many choose to make a life outside of the villages and rice fields. Roads are being built, allowing trucks bearing agricultural goods and buses bringing more tourists to and fro. More tourists mean the need for more water and food, and the production of more waste and pollution. Ugly tall buildings, rather than beautiful traditional wooden homes，spring up in some villages. Can these changes be managed so that the terraces continue to produce rice, and remain a beautiful part of our world heritage？Jimmy Padchanan, an official of the village of Mayoyao, said in an interview, “We are combining the old societies with the new，while maintaining many of our values.” He and the local people were confident that they would keep the best of the new and the strength of the past to protect the terraces, which are deseribed as “a living cultural landscape of breathtaking beauty”. 1．What do we know about the Cordillera terraces from the first paragraph? A．They are often lit up at night. B．They are covered with various crops. C．They are built at the foot of the mountain. D．They are maintained in old ways. 2．What does the underlined “it” refer to? A．The changing life. B．The maintenance of terraces. C．The ancient tradition. D．The lifestyle of local people. 3．Which problem are the Cordillera terraces facing nowadays? A．Media pay too much attention. B．Many youths left the area. C．Tourists cause safety concerns. D．Agricultural land is largely taken up. 4．According to the text, what will the local people do in the future? A．Stop the modernization of the region. B．Open our mind to new ideas. C．Have a mix of old and new. D．Involve more development in the area. Passage 3 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省泉州市·期末） Singapore’s Gardens by the Bay stands as a shining example of the nation’s promise to bring nature into city living. This groundbreaking project, built in 2012, shows how creative design and green living can appear at the same time in a busy central city. The project covers 101 hectares of recovered land and features three waterfront gardens: Bay South, Bay East, and Bay Central. The centerpiece, Bay South, is home to the famous Supertree Grove, a collection of gardens that reach heights of up to 50 metres. These Supertrees not only serve as sightseeing wonders but also play an important role in the park’s sustainable ecosystem (可持续生态系统) by collecting rainwater, producing solar energy, and providing living areas for local high land wildlife. Besides, the Cloud Forest is a wonderful glass dome (圆顶) that houses a 35-metre-tall mountain covered with plants and an eye-catching indoor waterfall. Visitors can start a journey through the forest, learning about the local biodiversity (生物多样性). As Gardens by the Bay continues to grow, there are exciting plans for development in the works. Future projects may include new garden exhibits, interactive equipment, and better sustainability ways. The gardens aim to remain at the leading position of creative green spaces, inspiring visitors with new experiences and educational chances. One wisdom from the project is the importance of teamwork between various groups of people. The Singapore government worked closely with builders, engineers, and environmentalists to ensure that the design was not only attractive but also ecologically sound. The method drove the application of modern technologies, which allow for the plantation of various plants from different climates. The gardens utilize rainwater gathering, solar energy, and natural airing to reduce energy and water usage. Moreover, the project stresses the value of public partnership. It also encourages visitors to connect with nature and understand the importance of biodiversity. This has led to increased community cooperation and a greater love for the environment. 1．What does the Gardens by the Bay project show? A．How city planners can use modern technology. B．How Singapore includes green living into a city. C．How citizens grow more plants in limited space. D．How Singapore spreads its city planning experience. 2．What is a function of the Supertree Grove? A．It is home to the waterfront gardens. B．It supports the park sustainability. C．It houses a mountain covered with plants. D．It shows the high land’s biodiversity. 3．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The project’s general features. B．The project’s basic facilities. C．The project’s important experience. D．The project’s future development. 4．What does the underlined word “utilize” in the last paragraph mean? A．Give way to. B．Keep track of. C．Pay attention to. D．Take advantage of. 主题01人与自我——个人生活与体验 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省泉州第五中学·期末） Working from a shady balcony overlooking a vast sea, with five-star restaurants and golf courses within easy reach: what better place could there be to while away the pandemic (疫情) than Barbados? Like most of its Caribbean neighbours, Barbados has been good at keeping COVID-19 out. Normally tourism brings in more than half of its foreign earnings. Now, many tourists are banned and the economy is declining. The tourism minister, Kerrie Symmonds, puts unemployment at close to 40%. The prime minister, Mia Mottley intends to introduce a “Welcome Stamp” for visitors to “work remotely in paradise” for up to a year. The idea is that if holidays are not possible, then maybe the island can attract wealthy office workers who no longer have to go to the office. Other Caribbean islands are considering competing plans; Bermuda has announced one. It did not take a pandemic for some digital workers to consider moving to a beach. But before now, it was legally difficult. Getting a work permit or immigrant status meant weeks or months of form-filling. Workers had to pay Barbadian income taxes. The new procedure looks quick and easy by comparison. For a fee of $2,000 for one person, or $3,000 for a family, you can take your Zoom calls from a real white sandy beach, instead of merely selecting it as a virtual background. You continue paying tax according to the rules of whichever country you came from. There will be some checks on new arrivals. We do not want “the scum of the earth, but honest and respectable types”, says Mr Symmonds. Applicants must have health insurance, and the main breadwinner must earn at least $50,000. But otherwise the gates are open. “All must breathe, in this world and in this country.” says Ms Mottley. 1．The project “Welcome Stamp” is intended to ________. A．help the economy recover B．create jobs for visitors C．keep COVID-19 out D．compete against other islands 2．What is needed to apply for Welcome Stamp? A．Spending weeks to get work permit or immigrant status. B．Paying a certain amount of Barbadian income taxes. C．Paying $2,000 per person, or $3,000 per family. D．Earning at least $50,000 per family member 3．What can we learn from the text? A．Barbados is the first to put forward the plan. B．All healthy and wealthy people are welcome. C．Increasing unemployment leads to an economic decline. D．It used to be difficult for digital workers to move to Barbados. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．Barbados provides a paradise to work remotely. B．The Caribbean islands are fighting against the pandemic. C．Office workers choose to work from the beach. D．Working abroad becomes easier than before. Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省莆田市第十五中学·期末） When you go abroad you’re going to experience new cultures, people, food, music and probably a new language. Everything and everyone you meet is new. Experts say it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture. “Culture shock” is the term (术语) these experts use when talking about the feelings that people have in a new environment. There are three stages of culture shock, say the experts. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. Then, when the fresh experience dies, they begin to hate the city, the country, the people, and everything else. In the last stage, the newcomers begin to adjust to their surroundings and, as a result, enjoy their life more. There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs may be different. The public service systems — the telephones, post office, or transportation — may be difficult to work out. The simplest things seem to be big problems. The language may be difficult. Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock surprises most people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their own community. Coming to a new country, these people find they do not have the same settled positions. They find themselves without any identity. They have to build a new self-image. Culture shock leads to a feeling of disorientation (迷失方向). This feeling may be homesickness. When homesick, people feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the strange environment, and create an escape inside their room for a sense of safety. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to make the person familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience — these are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock. 1．When people move to a new country, they _______. A．will adapt to their new surroundings with difficulty B．have well prepared for the new surroundings C．will adapt to the culture of the country quickly D．will never be familiar with the culture of the country 2．According to the passage, factors that cause culture shock include all of the followings except _______. A．language communication B．weather conditions and customs C．public service systems D．homesickness 3．According to the passage, the more successful you are at home, _______. A．the fewer difficulties you may have abroad B．the more difficulties you may have abroad C．the more money you will earn abroad D．the less homesick you may feel abroad 4．The writer tells us that the best way to overcome culture shock is to _______. A．protect ourselves from unfamiliar environment B．develop a strange sense of self-protection C．get familiar with new culture D．return to our own country 主题02 人与社会——社会文化与遗产 Passage 1 （2023-2024学年高一上学期·福建省福州市·期末） Skill of copying and moving images onto paper is an art form shining in history, Zhao Xu reports. Rubbing, the tracing (描摹) of characters onto a piece of paper, reached its golden age during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). To do this, a thin piece of paper was placed over the surface of the stone tablet (石板) carved with characters. Then water, or later, ink, was applied smoothly to the back of the paper with just the right amount of pressure, to soften the paper and allow for a total moving of the details onto it. The paper was left to dry and then be lifted off the stone surface, carrying with it a copy of the original (原作). Repeated hundreds of thousands of times during the Song era, this hands-on skill enabled educated members of Song society to have a chance to learn from master calligraphic works either from their own times or from earlier dynasties. Oftentimes, the original calligraphy, or even its stone version, became lost over time, thus making the rubbings the only surviving copy of the masterworks that had once existed. In that sense, the Song rubbings, and those behind them; have helped to preserve a cultural relic much valued then and now. Now, art lovers have the chance to visit it at an exhibition (展览) held at Beijing’s Palace Museum themed the Song rubbings. Of the 40 pieces on show, 20 are drawn from the collection of the Palace Museum, which holds a total of 150 Song rubbings. The other half are lent for the first time by the Art Museum of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), whose collection of rubbings were donated by J. S. Lee. “What we have here is not just a showcase of the beauty of ink and paper, the art of calligraphy, carving and rubbing, but also the telling of stories shining in cultural pride and common spirit,” said Wang Xudong, director of the Palace Museum. 1．What do we know about rubbing? A．There were five steps to make a rubbing. B．It moved characters from paper to a stone. C．It was well developed in the Song Dynasty. D．Pressure was applied to the paper to smooth it. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The development of rubbing. B．The importance of rubbing. C．The process of rubbing. D．The loss of rubbing. 3．What does paragraph 4 suggest? A．Altogether there are 150 rubbings on show. B．Twenty of the rubbings were donated by CUHK. C．Sources of the exhibits are from two organizations. D．190 Song rubbings are housed in the Palace Museum now. 4．How does Wang Xudong feel about the exhibition? A．Proud. B．Shocked. C．Thankful. D．Worried. 5．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A research paper. B．A brochure. C．A guidebook to a museum. D．A section of a newspaper. Passage 2 （2023-2024学年高一上学期·福建省泉州市·期末） For long, Preifer Fall Trail (路线) was a most popular attraction in Big Sur. Annually, thousands of people hiked the trail. Unfortunately, the trail, along with stairs, signs, railings, an observation station and wooden bridges, was destroyed in the 2008 Basin Complex Fire. But now a new trail has risen from the burned land. With its amazing rocky coastline and mountains, Big Sur, the writer Henry Miller once said, is “the face of the earth as the creator intended it to look.” But the landscape always suffers natural disasters. There have been three major wildfires in Big Sur in the past years. “You can still see the impacts there,” said John Hiles, a state parks repair team leader, pointing to black marks 30 feet up a huge redwood. Parks planners designed a new track, moving the trail out of the river to reduce its impact on the environment. People from the California protection group, state parks department and the nonprofit organization put in 66,000 hours of work over the past four years. They built 160 redwood stairs and dragged hundreds of 16-foot-long redwood sticks by hand to build railings. They removed 4,150 square feet of old building stuff, enough to cover a basketball court. They used iron cables and pulleys (缆线和滑轮) to build a 70-foot long wooden bridge over the hills. “Nature is probably the best place to learn,” Hiles said. “More than any college or school, you learn so many life lessons out here.” However, the huge Soberanes Fire s wept through the area in 2016, putting a stop to the work. When they began again in 2017, great river storms flooded the area and damaged part of Highway 1. Everybody gathered around this project. They saw the loss. They missed it. They wanted it to come back. They kept combining efforts. It’s been a long journey, but worth the wait. 1．What can we learn about Preifer Fall Trail? A．It is an attraction rebuilt in 2008. B．It met with many natural disasters. C．It features man-made landscape. D．It is an addition to a previous track. 2．How did the people reduce the impact of the trail on the environment? A．By moving the trail off watercourse. B．By using huge redwood sticks. C．By recycling the old building stuff. D．By applying iron cables and pulleys. 3．What can best describe the people’s work? A．Limiting and typical. B．Adventurous but smooth. C．Mysterious and attractive. D．Tough but rewarding. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The rise and fall of a hiking trail. B．California protection projects. C．The recovery of a lost attraction. D．Journeys into wilderness. 主题03 人与社会——科技与社会发展 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省泉州市·期末） AI generators (生成器) and the avatars they create are developing rapidly. UK-based company Synthesia aims to move this technology further. Recently, it announced Expressive Avatars, which can show a lot of lifelike human feelings. These avatars are part of what Synthesia calls its “digital actors”. They have improved facial expressions and human-like voices-an upgrade from other AIsystems’ robotic sounds. Synthesia offers more than 160 AI avatars, under the agreement of real human actors. Users can produce videos in more than 130 languages. CEO Victor Riparbelli said that they are not coming for Hollywood; instead, they focus on companies and B2B content, which need communication videos that are easy-to-create and human-like, such as in areas like healthcare. Synthesia’s Expressive Avatars are powered by its Express-1 AI model. It was trained only on content produced in-house, avoiding false data (数据). Riparbelli explained that the company hired thousands of actors to record videos for the model to ensure exactness. The show presented an avatar reacting to words like “I am happy”. The avatars’ speech style is more natural than previous models. Riparbelli said “Whether the conversation is cheerful or serious, our avatars change their performance accordingly, showing a level of care and understanding that was once the special area of human actors.” The possible misuse of this technology is a concern, especially considering the risks of deepfake (深度伪造) technology. “We’ve taken additional steps to prevent the misuse of our technology, including updating our policies to limit the type of content people can make, working on the early finding of dishonest actors, and increasing the teams that work on AI safety,” the company said in an announcement. Synthesia believes that Expressive Avatars will help businesses produce videos that are not only informative but also caring. Riparbelli said “I think we’ re looking at an important shift in capabilities within the next six to nine months.” 1．What is special about Expressive Avatars? A．They show facial expressions. B．They are more human-like. C．They can update themselves. D．They are good at language translation. 2．What does Synthesia use to train its Express-1 AI model? A．Videos of real actors. B．Data from the Internet. C．Sounds of other AI robots. D．Speeches from previous models. 3．Why is Synthesia’s announcement mentioned in paragraph 5? A．To list some examples of misuses. B．To explain its advantages in technology. C．To show its efforts to deal with the risks. D．To encourage users to create more content. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the Expressive Avatars technology? A．Objective. B．Doubtful. C．Confident. D．Uncertain. Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省莆田锦江中学·期末） On the evening of April 8, Dunhuang Academy and Huawei jointly launched a brand-new technology-driven tour experience at the Mogao Grottoes. Using Huawei's newly-released Hetu artificial intelligence platform, coupled with the output of the Digital Dunhuang project, visitors to the Mogao Grottoes can enjoy a fantasy experience prior to entering the attraction. Zhao Shengliang, director of the Dunhuang Academy, said that it has been cooperating with Huawei since March 2019. Using Huawei's latest Hetu technology, visitors are able to see the detailed contents of the Dunhuang Art Murals(壁画) outside the caves, through their Huawei mobile phones. This will reduce the time tourists spend inside the cave, aiding the protection of the cultural relics, while at the same time helping to increase the amount of information visitors can obtain. It is also considered to be a new way of promoting Dunhuang Art. The Dunhuang Academy has used digital technology to preserve the research and exploration of Dunhuang Grottoes since the early 1990s. It has collected a wealth of data and has realized the goal of sharing of digital Dunhuang globally. It has played an important role in the protection and research of cultural site, as well as promoting the development and progress of related work. The Huawei Hetu platform unites Dunhuang's study findings, high—resolution images of the site's murals and virtual, three-dimensional models with the real Mogao Grottoes. It has not only re-created the real tour of the scenic spot, but also developed a new way of digitally experiencing the grottoes. When people visit the site, they not only have the experience of seeing the real grottoes, but they can appreciate the admirable artworks more clearly and in greater detail. In the future, Dunhuang Academy will continue to cooperate with Huawei to create more colorful virtual content to enrich the experience of Mogao Art on the platform, helping people around the world get to know Dunhuang Art better. 1．Which is NOT the advantage of the Hetu technology? A．Decrease the cost of the visitors. B．Reduce the time visitors spend inside the cave. C．Help to protect the cultural relics. D．Provide more information for tourists. 2．How long has the Dunhuang Academy used digital technology? A．About a year. B．90 years. C．Nearly 30 years. D．10 years. 3．What‘s the author‘s attitude towards the cooperation between Dunhuang and Huawei? A．Doubtful. B．Opposed. C．Indifferent. D．Hopeful. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Dunhuang Academy Preserves Grottoes Well B．AI Tech Helps Tourists Enjoy Dunhuang's Art C．Huawei Newly Released Hetu AI D．Dunhuang Grottoes Attract Tourists Passage 3 （2023-2024学年高一上学期·福建省福州市·期末） On holiday, many will find themselves in places where they do not speak the language. Once upon a time, they might have carried a phrasebook. But now, many simple, free apps are good news for those travelers. With these apps’ conversation mode, people talk into a phone and a spoken translation is heard moments later. Maybe the best-known app is Google Translate, though small mistakes can happen due to its word-for-word translation. Surprisingly, the best tool may not be a translation app at all. Though not marketed for that, ChatGPT, a generative AI system, can write messages in different languages, producing natural output like a native speaker. As AI translation becomes an even more popular labour-saving tool, society may divide into two groups. There will be those who want to fully experience other cultures. This group will still take on language study, often aided by technology. Others will look at learning a new language with a different attitude: “Good for you, if that’s your thing, but a bit painful for my taste.” After all, most people do not move abroad or often have contact with a foreign culture. On their holiday, they just want a beer and spaghetti (意大利面). As a result, some experts are concerned that AI is leading to a decreasing interest in language learning. Writer Douglas Hofstadter has argued that something meaningful will disappear when people communicate through machines. He describes giving a disconnected, difficult speech in Chinese, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of achievement at the end. Who would boast of (吹嘘) taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest (珠穆朗玛峰)? While AI translation seems practical, we must recognize the social nature of language. When trying to ask directions in broken Japanese or make a joke in awkward German, you are making direct contact with someone. The best relationships do not require a third party. 1．Which of the following best describes translation apps? A．Free but hard to use. B．Popular but expensive. C．Quick but with mistakes. D．Easy to use but slow. 2．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Conversation. B．Language learning. C．Message writing. D．Translation. 3．Why does the writer mention “beer and spaghetti” in paragraph 3? A．To present an opinion. B．To support a fact. C．To make an excuse. D．To give a reason. 4．What can be inferred from Douglas Hofstadter’s opinion? A．Reaching Mount Everest is quite easy. B．Learning a foreign language is less attractive. C．Talking without the help of technology is worthwhile. D．Making a speech in another language is too challenging. 5．What is the social nature of language? A．Direct connection with people. B．Broken but funny translation. C．Awkward relations between people. D．Communication with the third party. 主题04 人与自然——野生动物保护与生态平衡 Passage 1 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省宁德市·期末） As the Arctic (北极) continues to warm because of climate change, polar bears are spending more time searching for food in rubbish cans, instead of hunting for seals (海豹) on sea ice. And as human activity in northern communities increases, the bears’ growing dependence on rubbish is leading to more human-bear conflict (冲突). Polar bears spend much of the year walking around on sea ice looking for seals, their main source of food. But scientists say the Arctic Ocean is warming four times faster than the rest of the world and, as a result, Arctic sea ice is melting (融化) earlier each spring and forming later each fall, which means the bears are going hungry for longer and longer periods of time. With less sea ice, the bears are spending more time on land. And because of their curious nature, they’re finding their way to rubbish cans, which is dangerous for both bears and humans. Scientists are also concerned because young polar bears still under the care of their mothers are learning rubbish is an easy source of food. The situation will likely get worse, unless governments take steps to improve waste management. But dealing with rubbish has historically been a challenge for faraway northern communities, where the ground is often too frozen to bury rubbish and trucking the rubbish out is expensive. Still, the researchers call for immediate action, as food-related polar bear issues can quickly get out of control. Bears remember where they find food and will return again and again, often in greater numbers. In addition, human populations in the north are also growing, which will also mean more rubbish. 1．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．Climate change. B．Rubbish problem. C．Food issue of polar bears. D．human activities. 2．What makes polar bears go hungry for longer time? A．Less sea ice than normal. B．Extreme weather conditions. C．The drop in seal population. D．Overuse of resources by humans. 3．What are scientists concerned about? A．Bear population will increase in great numbers. B．Human waste in the Arctic is expensive to deal with. C．Many governments refuse to take immediate action. D．Little polar bears may develop a habit of eating rubbish. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the polar bears’ future? A．Worried. B．Uncertain. C．Positive. D．Hopeful. Passage 2 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省三明市·期末） This past summer, a turtle (海龟) was freed after making an unexpected nearly one-year-long recovery fighting. Solaria had been hit and completely pressed by a running car in Montauk, suffering several fracture (骨折), and was rescued and named by the Turtle Rescue of the Hamptons. The Turtle Rescue of the Hamptons is a turtle recovery center located on the North Fork of Long Island. When Solaria was first sent to the center, it was Dr. Turetski who gave him some first-aid. “Dr. Turetski majors in emergency aid when the animal cannot be immediately taken to a wildlife center,” Jennifer Faga, local wildlife rescuer, said. “He has his own practice and works on animals in serious situations like this one.” After being treated by Dr. Turetski for a short period of time, Solaria was sent to the Turtle Rescue of the Hamptons, and recovered with the rescue for almost a year until this summer, when she finished her recovery and was successfully freed. “It’s really important to take care of these guys because they take care of our ecosystems,” said Testa, director of the centre. “Turtles are both a marker and a key species.” Being the former means that turtles are affected by the chemicals left on the ground, while being the latter means that the ecosystem around such species is dependent on it. Turtles spread seeds, fertilize the ground, which makes the earth more productive, clean the water, and preserve health around their ecosystem. “Turtles can live for 40-60 years, yet on Long Island, turtles are in danger. Like Solaria, they are often hit by cars, so many of their lives are cut short,” Testa said. “To help stop situations like Solaria’s from happening again, if you see a turtle crossing the road, pick it up and place him away from the road whenever possible.” 1．What happened to Solaria? A．It was hit by a truck. B．It was injured seriously. C．It was named by its owner. D．It took him over a year to recover. 2．Which of the following can best describe Dr. Turetski? A．Talented. B．Responsible. C．Warm-hearted. D．Professional. 3．What does the underlined word “fertilize” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Measure. B．Destroy. C．Enrich. D．Enlarge. 4．In the last paragraph, Testa aims to ________. A．give an example B．give a solution C．make an arrangement D．make an impression Passage 3 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省莆田市第十五中学·期末） The distinctive Northerm Bald Ibis (秃头朱鹮), hunted nearly to extinction by the 17th century, was brought back by raising and rewilding efforts over the last two decades. But the birds don’t know which direction to fly to migrate (迁徙) without wild-born elders leading the way. So a team of scientists and conservationists took on the role of parents and flight instructors. Biologist Johannes Fritz and the Waldrapp team, an Austrian conservation group, have been teaching the birds their migration paths. Since 2002, they’ve increased the Central European population from zero to nearly 300 birds, changing the species’ status from “critically endangered” to “endangered.” To prepare them for travel, the chicks are taken away, when they are just a few days old, to their human parents in the hope of “imprinting” — when the birds will bond with those humans to finally trust them along the migration route. Then the human parents sit on the back of a super light aircraft, waving and shouting words of support as it flies through the air. It’s an odd scene: The aircraft looks like a flying car with a huge fan on the back and a yellow parachute keeping it in the air. Still, three dozen birds follow it sailing over the Alps. Fritz, inspired by “Father Goose” Bill Lishman, who taught geese to fly alongside his ultra-light plane, leads the birds on their migration. The first successful independent migration was in 2011, and more birds have followed the 550-kilometer route each year. The team hopes to have over 350 birds by 2028, making the population self-sustaining. However, climate change has affected their migration. In response, the team piloted a new route to southern Spain in 2023, which is longer and more challenging. The entire journey to Spain could take up to 50 days and end in early October. But Fritz says, “The effort is bigger than just the Northern Bald Ibises. It’s about paving the way for other threatened migratory species to fly.” 1．What is the major challenge faced by the Northern Bald Ibises during their migration? A．Long distances. B．Absence of guidance. C．Human hunting. D．Limited resting spots. 2．Why are the birds taken away when they are just a few days old? A．To improve their flying skills. B．To show them the migration route. C．To build an emotional tie with humans. D．To test their independence from their parents. 3．What do the research team do during their flight? A．They shout like elder birds. B．They try new migratory routes. C．They encourage the birds to follow. D．They use an airplane to find the way. 4．What are Fritz’s words in the last paragraph mainly about? A．The worth of the conservation effort B．The role of technology in the research C．The need to help other migratory species D．The promising future of wildlife migration Passage 4 （2024-2025学年高一上学期·福建省福州市·期末） Take a look at the new five-part BBC nature documentary (纪录片) Dynasties! The documentary is told by the world’s most famous wildlife storyteller, Sir David Attenborough. It follows the true stories of five of the world’s most amazing yet endangered species: the chimpanzee, the emperor penguin, the lion, the tiger and the painted wolf. They do whatever it takes to survive and protect their next generations. The documentary focuses in never-seen-before detail on one of the five species each episode (集). These animals fight for their own survival and for the future of their dynasties. BBC Studios has explored their real lives and filmed them over four years. The team travelled from the plains of Africa to the jungles of India, from the edge of the Sahara to the frozen wastes of Antarctica (南极洲). Hard work paid off in the end. The team has managed to film some of the most uncommon moments. You can see penguins huddling (蜷缩) over their eggs, young tigers at play and parents risking their lives to protect their babies. In Dynasties, however, animals face challenges not only from within their species and their enemies, but from the influence humans have had on their habitats. Terribly, 95 percent of tigers have disappeared in the last century. Dynasties does educate us about wildlife extinction and climate change. Yet its primary goal, Attenborough says, is not to directly educate, but to make a documentary that is attractive and truthful. Only in this way can viewers appreciate nature, care about it and become active in saving the planet. 1．What is the documentary Dynasties about? A．Habits of different animals. B．A habitat for wild animals. C．Five endangered species. D．A story of extinct species. 2．What is Sir David Attenborough known as? A．A professional BBC nature director. B．A world-famous wildlife storyteller. C．A leading environmental scientist. D．A well-known animal trainer. 3．What can we learn about BBC Studios from paragraph 3? A．Its changes. B．Its members. C．Its effort. D．Its future. 4．Which species has probably faced the most serious challenge? A．The emperor penguin. B．The chimpanzee. C．The lion. D．The tiger. 5．What does Attenborough expect viewers to do? A．Explore nature. B．Protect the earth. C．Make a documentary. D．Educate others directly. 50 / 51 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $