Unit 1 Science and Scientists Grammar 表语从句-2025-2026学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 Science and Scientists 表语从句 一、单句语法填空 1.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空） If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 【答案】what 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 2.（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer. 答案：why。 解析：考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 3．What struck me deeply was English surrounded me once more, a persistent reflection of the familiarity I didn’t realize I’d grown tired of. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：让我深感震惊的是，当英语再次围绕着我时，那种熟悉感是一种持续的反映，而我却没有意识到自己已经对这种熟悉感到厌倦了。空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，所以用that引导。故填that。 4．My suggestion is you should do more practice in the morning to promote your spoken English. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我的建议是，你应该在早上多做练习来提升你的英语口语。空处引导表语从句，从句不缺成分，引导词没有含义，需用连接词that引导。故填that。 5．My first term of college had passed at last and I got straight A’s. That’s I want to share my story—to help other students feel less lonely. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我的大学第一学期终于结束了，我拿到了全 A。这就是我想分享自己故事的原因 —— 帮助其他学生减少孤独感。分析句子结构可知，这里考查“That’s why...”，是固定句式，意为“这就是……的原因”，其中why引导表语从句。故填why。 6．My opinion is teenage years are totally magical and I’d like to be a teenager forever. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句引导词。句意：我的观点是青少年时期非常美妙，我想永远做一个青少年。分析句子结构并根据空前的系动词“is”可知，此处引导表语从句。从句“teenage years are totally magical and I’d like to be a teenager forever”句意完整、成分齐全，应用that来连接，that在从句中仅起连接作用，无实际意义。故填that。 7．That’s most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don’t usually like. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么大多数宠物猫能立刻辨别主人是否接触过其他猫，它们通常不喜欢这种情况。分析句子结构可知，________most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats是表语从句，而且“most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats (大多数宠物猫能立刻察觉主人是否接触过其他猫)”强调结果，该从句要用why引导。故填why。 8．The reason for his absence at the meeting was he didn’t catch the first bus. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他缺席会议的原因是他没有赶上第一班公共汽车。 “the reason...was that...”的固定句型，意为“……的原因是……”，这里that连接表语从句，句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that。故填that。 9．Indoor plants might look as they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.   【答案】if/though 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：室内植物可能看起来好像只是无所事事，但在许多方面，它们是家庭的无名英雄。由“but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home”可知，句子表示“室内植物可能看起来好像只是无所事事，但在许多方面，它们是家庭的无名英雄”，as if/though意为“好像”，引导表语从句，因此空格处是if/though。故填if/though。 10．He is addicted to computer games, and that is he has to drop out of school. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他沉迷于电脑游戏，这就是他不得不辍学的原因。分析句子结构可知，此处为连接词引导的表语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，根据句意，前文“He is addicted to computer games”是“he has to drop out of school”的原因，因此应用连接副词“why”引导表语从句，强调结果背后的原因。故填why。 11．He missed the early bus this morning, and this is he arrived late for the meeting. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句连接词。句意：他今天早上没赶上早班车，这就是他开会迟到的原因。根据句意可知，空处引导表语从句，从句结构完整，结合前文“He missed the early bus this morning”可知，此处表示“这就是他开会迟到的原因”，所以空处需用连接副词why引导表语从句，表示“……的原因”。故填why。 12．The reason why he was late was he was caught in a traffic jam. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他迟到的原因是遇到了交通堵塞。引导表语从句，从句句子成分和句意都完整，用连接词that引导从句，故填that。 13．She looks so happy. That’s she has won the competition. 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：她看起来很开心。那是因为她赢得了比赛。That’s because...表示 “那是因为……”，用来解释原因。故填because。 14．It looks as a compromise agreement has now been reached. 【答案】if/ though 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：看起来似乎已经达成了妥协协议。“as if/though”是固定搭配，意为“好像”，本句中引导表语从句。故填if/though。 15．We were held up in the traffic jam and that’s we are late. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我们被堵在了交通阻塞中，那就是我们迟到的原因。根据句中We were held up in the traffic jam和we are late可知，我们被堵在交通阻塞中，那就是为什么我们迟到了，空处应用why引导表语从句，that’s why表示“那就是……的原因，那就是为什么”，符合题意。故填why。 16．Sorry, we are late. That’s we were held up in the traffic jam. 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：对不起，我们迟到了。那是因为我们遭遇了交通堵塞。本空引导表语从句，说明迟到的原因，用because“因为”引导。故填because。 17．The fact is this mission has occupied a lot of my leisure time. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：事实上，这项任务占用了我大量的闲暇时间。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导表语从句，故填that。 18．The last time we had great fun was we were visiting the Water Park. 【答案】when 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：上次我们玩得很开心是在参观水上公园的时候。空处引导表语从句并在从句中作时间状语，用连接副词when引导从句。故填when。 19．His success in digital field proved it took to be a best CEO． 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句的引导词。句意：他在数字领域的成功证明了要想成为最好的CEO所需要的条件。proved后接表语从句，因为从句中took缺宾语，且该宾语意为“……的事物(东西)”，故填what。 20．It is generally believed that communication skills are becoming it takes to be a good doctor. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句的引导词。句意：人们普遍认为，沟通技巧正逐渐成为一名好医生的必备条件。在名词性从句中，that无意义且在从句中不作任何成分。“__it takes to be a good doctor”是become的表语，为表语从句，从句缺少宾语，表示“…的事情（东西）”，故填what。 21．That preserved historic village connected to downtown by a highway is many office workers spend their weekends. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句的引导词。句意：那条由高速公路连接市中心的历史悠久的村庄是许多上班族周末的去处。分析句子可知，is后接表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，表示地点，故填where。 22．What is concerning us greatly is the workers held up in that area yesterday will be set free. 【答案】when/whether 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我们非常关心的是昨天在那个地区滞留的工人们什么时候/是否会被释放。空处引导名词性从句作表语，结合所给内容可知，表语从句中缺少时间状语，空处需表达“何时”，应用连接副词when作引导词，或表达“是否”，用连接词whether作引导词。故填when/whether。 23．Her confusion is she should stick to her own way of life or follow the American way. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：她的困惑是应该坚持自己的生活方式还是遵循美国的生活方式。空处引导表语从句，结合句意及or可知，此处使用whether引导从句，表示“是否”，故填whether。 24．A simple restaurant was he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：一个简单的餐厅是他通常吃同样一餐(香肠、鸡蛋和咖啡)的地方。分析句子可知，“ he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee”是表语从句，从句缺少引导词，结合句意，表示“在这个简单的餐厅”，用连接副词where引导该从句，并充当地点状语。故填where。 25．So about the age of Western women, my advice is if you don’t know it, don’t ask about it; if you really know it, don’t mention it. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：所以关于西方女性的年龄，我的建议是，如果你不知道，就不要问；如果你真的知道，就别提了。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that引导表语从句，故填that。 26．Listening and speaking is my weakness lies when it comes to English. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：听和说是我英语的弱点所在。分析句子结构，空处引导一个表语从句，从句主谓完整，缺少地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。 27．The key finding of the study was   when crowds were furtherdivided into smaller groups that were allowed to have adiscussion, the averages from these groups were more accuratethan those from an equal number of independent individuals. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步划分为允许进行讨论的小团体时，这些小团体的平均结果比同等数量的独立个体更为准确。在这个句子中，“The key finding of the study was ____”后面引导一个表语从句，用来说明研究的主要发现。在这个从句中，需要一个连接词来引导并说明这个发现的具体内容。根据句意，这里需要描述一个特定情况或条件，即“当人群被进一步划分为允许进行讨论的小团体时”所发生的现象。从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 28．Actually girls can be they want to be just like boys, whether it is a pilot, an astronaut, or a general manager. 【答案】whatever 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：事实上，女孩子可以像男孩子一样，想做什么就做什么，无论是飞行员、宇航员还是总经理。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少表语，表示“无论什么”，应用whatever引导表语从句，故填whatever。 29．Many teenagers don’t pay attention to their sitting posture—that’s they suffer from short sight. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：许多青少年不注意自己的坐姿，这就是他们近视的原因。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处缺少表语从句引导词，表示“为什么”应使用连接副词why。故填why。 30．Don’t be sad. The most important thing is we must learn from our mistakes and move on. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：不要难过，最重要的事情是我们必须从我们的错误中吸取教训，然后继续前进。此处为表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，故用只起连接作用的that引导。故填that。 31．The reason for his absence is he hasn’t been informed. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句的引导词。句意：他缺席的原因是没有通知他。设空处引导表语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，陈述原因内容，应用that引导。故填that。 32．The debate between them was it was worthwhile to afford the extra expense of hiring an expensive apartment. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他们之间的争论是，是否值得支付租用昂贵公寓的额外费用。这是一个包含表语从句的复合句，根据空白处的上文“The debate (争论)”可知，空白处下文“it was worthwhile to afford the extra expense of hiring an expensive apartment (支付租用昂贵公寓的额外费用)”是一个争论中的话题，空白处应填表示“是否”含义的连词连接表语从句。故填whether。 33．The question is technology is going to be our servant or our master. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是技术将成为我们的仆人还是主人。whether... or...是……还是……，whether引导表语从句符合题意。故填whether。 34．The good news is it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：好消息是，它很容易学习，值得你付出努力。分析句子可知，此处为从属连词that引导的表语从句，that在从句中不作成分，无实意，只起到句子的连接作用。故填that。 35．What John Snow showed to the world was cholera could be overcome. 【答案】how 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：约翰·斯诺向世界展示了霍乱是如何被战胜的。分析句子结构可知，这里为表语从句连接词。从句用连接副词how，在从句中作方式状语，作“如何”之意。根据句意，故填how。 36．The reason why this was difficult was the team had limited resources. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这很困难的原因是团队的资源有限。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导表语从句，故填that。 37．That’s lots of people in China have healthy white teeth. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句引导词。句意：这就是为什么很多中国人都有健康洁白的牙齿。根据句意可知，此处可用连接副词why引导表语从句，表示原因，强调结果。故填why。 38．What we want to know is caused the accident. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我们想知道的是事故的原因。分析句子结构，这是一个包含表语从句的复合句，空白处在表语从句中做主语表示内容，使用what连接表语从句，故填what。 39．A question worth attention is we can stop pollution. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】how 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：一个值得关注的问题是我们如何才能阻止污染。这是一个包含表语从句的复合句，因空白处在表语从句中作状语，表示方式，使用how引导表语从句，故填how。 40．This devotion and hard work is we see reflected within his photos. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我们在他的照片中看到了这种奉献和努力。分析句型可知，is后缺少连词引导表语从句，see后缺少宾语成分，指代事物，空处用连接代词what。故填what。 二、完成句子 41．他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。 The reason why he was late . 【答案】was that he got up late 【详解】考查固定句型、动词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子结构可知，“The reason why...is that...”是固定句型，用于表达“…… 的原因是……”，其中“that”引导表语从句，不可省略。从句描述“起床晚”这一过去的动作，用一般过去时“got up late”，故完整句子为“The reason why he was late was that he got up late”，符合语法规则和语义表达。故填was that he got up late。 42．The for such a serious accident is the driver was drunk. 这么严重的交通事故是由于司机醉酒驾驶造成的。 【答案】 reason that 【详解】考查名词和表语从句引导词。根据英汉意思对比可知，第一空处需填 “原因”，对应的英文名词为reason；the reason for...是固定搭配，意为“……的原因”。第二空引导表语从句，空后 “the driver was drunk(司机醉酒驾驶)”是对“事故原因”的具体解释，从句结构完整、语义明确，需用连接词that引导表语从句（that在表语从句中不充当成分，仅起连接作用）。故填①reason②that。 43．I heard that it is children are lighter and the horses can run faster and farther. 我听说这是因为孩子比较轻，马可以跑得更快、更远。 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。对比中英文可知，空处应填入“因为”，用连接词because，引导表语从句。故填because。 44．That was we camped last time. 那就是上次我们野营的地方。 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。根据句意及分析英文句子可知，空处应填入一个引导表语从句的连接词，该词在从句中作状语，表示地点，此时应用连接副词where。故填where。 45．最让我感兴趣的是，这些可爱的鲸鱼会唱歌。（that引导的表语从句） What interests me most . 【答案】is that these lovely whales can sing songs 【详解】考查表语从句。根据前文主语从句“What interests me most”可知，用一般现在时，谓语动词用单数，“是”用be动词is。表示“这些可爱的鲸鱼会唱歌”用that引导的表语从句，是主谓宾句型，为these lovely whales can sing songs。故填is that these lovely whales can sing songs。 46． I’m bringing one here. 所以我要带过来一只。 【答案】That’s why 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“所以”用句型that’s why，why引导表语从句，在从句作原因状语，首字母大写。故填That’s why。 47．The question is . 问题是我们应当相信谁。 【答案】who/whom we should trust 【详解】考查表语从句。空处表示“我们应当相信谁”，位于be动词后，是表语从句，“应当”使用情态动词should，后接动词原形，“相信”使用动词trust，引导词在从句中作宾语，表示“谁”使用连接代词who/whom引导，故填who/whom we should trust。 48．The bottom line is . 底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。 【答案】that I shouldn’t lie to my kids 【详解】考查从句和情态动词。“我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎”处理为表语从句，句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that，“不应该”为shouldn’t，后接动词原形。“对我的孩子们撒谎”为lie to my kids。故填that I shouldn’t lie to my kids。 49．That is . 这是动物们最需要的。 【答案】what the animals really need most 【详解】考查表语从句。根据空格前的is可知，空格处可用表语从句。再根据句意，从句中表示“动物们”可用名词animals作主语，表示“最需要的”可用短语really need most，又因为从句中缺少宾语，所以用what来引导表语从句。故答案为what the animals really need most。 50．他以前看过那部电影，因此他昨天晚上没有去看。 He had seen the film before. he did not see it last night. 【答案】That is why 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“那就是为什么”应用固定句型That is why，why引导表语从句，在从句中作原因状语。故填That is why。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Science and Scientists 表语从句 一、单句语法填空 1.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空） If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 2.（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer. 3．What struck me deeply was English surrounded me once more, a persistent reflection of the familiarity I didn’t realize I’d grown tired of. 4．My suggestion is you should do more practice in the morning to promote your spoken English. 5．My first term of college had passed at last and I got straight A’s. That’s I want to share my story—to help other students feel less lonely. 6．My opinion is teenage years are totally magical and I’d like to be a teenager forever. 7．That’s most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don’t usually like. 8．The reason for his absence at the meeting was he didn’t catch the first bus. 9．Indoor plants might look as they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.   10．He is addicted to computer games, and that is he has to drop out of school. 11．He missed the early bus this morning, and this is he arrived late for the meeting. 12．The reason why he was late was he was caught in a traffic jam. 13．She looks so happy. That’s she has won the competition. 14．It looks as a compromise agreement has now been reached. 15．We were held up in the traffic jam and that’s we are late. 16．Sorry, we are late. That’s we were held up in the traffic jam. 17．The fact is this mission has occupied a lot of my leisure time. 18．The last time we had great fun was we were visiting the Water Park. 19．His success in digital field proved it took to be a best CEO． 20．It is generally believed that communication skills are becoming it takes to be a good doctor. 21．That preserved historic village connected to downtown by a highway is many office workers spend their weekends. 22．What is concerning us greatly is the workers held up in that area yesterday will be set free. 23．Her confusion is she should stick to her own way of life or follow the American way. 24．A simple restaurant was he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee. 25．So about the age of Western women, my advice is if you don’t know it, don’t ask about it; if you really know it, don’t mention it. 26．Listening and speaking is my weakness lies when it comes to English. 27．The key finding of the study was   when crowds were furtherdivided into smaller groups that were allowed to have adiscussion, the averages from these groups were more accuratethan those from an equal number of independent individuals. 28．Actually girls can be they want to be just like boys, whether it is a pilot, an astronaut, or a general manager. 29．Many teenagers don’t pay attention to their sitting posture—that’s they suffer from short sight. 30．Don’t be sad. The most important thing is we must learn from our mistakes and move on. 31．The reason for his absence is he hasn’t been informed. 32．The debate between them was it was worthwhile to afford the extra expense of hiring an expensive apartment. 33．The question is technology is going to be our servant or our master. 34．The good news is it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort. 35．What John Snow showed to the world was cholera could be overcome. 36．The reason why this was difficult was the team had limited resources. 37．That’s lots of people in China have healthy white teeth. 38．What we want to know is caused the accident. 39．A question worth attention is we can stop pollution. （用适当的词填空） 40．This devotion and hard work is we see reflected within his photos. 二、完成句子 41．他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。 The reason why he was late . 42．The for such a serious accident is the driver was drunk. 这么严重的交通事故是由于司机醉酒驾驶造成的。 43．I heard that it is children are lighter and the horses can run faster and farther. 我听说这是因为孩子比较轻，马可以跑得更快、更远。 44．That was we camped last time. 那就是上次我们野营的地方。 45．最让我感兴趣的是，这些可爱的鲸鱼会唱歌。（that引导的表语从句） What interests me most . 46． I’m bringing one here. 所以我要带过来一只。 47．The question is . 问题是我们应当相信谁。 48．The bottom line is . 底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。 49．That is . 这是动物们最需要的。 50．他以前看过那部电影，因此他昨天晚上没有去看。 He had seen the film before. he did not see it last night. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $