Unit 7 知识梳理-八年级英语上册单元高效复习必备（沪教版2024）

Unit 7 The secret of memory 单元小结 知识目录 学习目标：本单元通过探索记忆规律、学习提升记忆的方法及相关语言表达，引导学生在语言实践中培养信息处理能力和终身学习意识。在语言能力培养上，学生通过阅读记忆方法文章、开展记忆策略对话，提升词汇运用和句型表达能力. 语法目标：条件状语从句if（用法2）unless用法 听说目标：能听懂关于记忆测试的对话。谈论记忆的方法和技巧。 写作目标：能够写出关于记忆策略方面的小短文。 目录 知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式 要点1 重点短语 练习 要点2 重点句式 练习 【精讲精练】 要点1 memory的用法 练习 要点2 make a point of的用法 练习 要点3 exercise的用法 练习 要点4 connect的用法 练习 要点5 make up的用法 练习 要点6 as well as的用法 练习 要点7 especially的用法 练习 要点8 diet的用法 练习 要点9 maitain的用法 练习 要点10 Last but not least的用法 练习 要点11 plenty of的用法 练习 要点12 tend用法 练习 要点13 sense的用法 练习 要点14 loss的用法 练习 要点15 list的用法 练习 要点16 mentally的用法 练习 要点17 sign的用法 练习 要点18 particular的用法 练习 要点19 figure out的用法 练习 要点20 even though的用法 练习 要点21 so that so…that的用法 练习 要点22 relax的用法 练习 知识要点二、语法 要点 条件状语从句 19 知识要点三、书面表达 要点1 话题分析 20 要点2 词汇短语积累 21 要点3句式积累 21 要点4实战演练 22 知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。 【重点短语】 1.在…… 中发挥重要作用 plays an important role in 2. 特意，保证做 Make a point of 3. 锻炼你的大脑 exercise your brain 4. 演奏一件新乐器 play a new instrument 5. 往往会；趋向于 tend to 6. 开动脑筋 work your brain 7. 建立心理关联 make mental connections to 8. 编造一个故事 make up a story 9. 以便 so that 10. 过着健康生活 live a healthy life 11. 保持良好的记忆力 maintain a good memory 12. 而且，此外 What’s more 13. 最后但同样重要的是 Last but not least 14. 大量的 plenty of 15. 随着年龄增长而逐渐衰退 tends to decline with age 16. 安排时间做某事 make time to do sth. 17. 也，以及；还有 as well as 18. 自然灾害 natural disasters 19. 弄清楚 figure out 20. 尽管 even though 21. 吸收，弄明白 take in 22. 激活我们的五官 activate our five senses 23. 将事物分组 put things into groups 24. 做笔记 take notes 【重点句式】 1. It is helpful to live a mentally active life. Make a point of trying new things. 生活中保持脑力活跃是有帮助的。尝试新事物是关键。 2.you will exercise your brain if you learn to play a new instrument or learn a foreign language. 学习弹奏一门新乐器或掌握一门外语可以锻炼大脑。 3.In memory linking, you make mental connections to help you remember things. 在记忆联想法中，你可以通过建立心理联系来辅助记忆。 4.you can make up a story to link items in a list so that you will remember them. 你可以编一个故事将清单中的物品串联起来，从而记住它们。 5.You will be exercising your brain as well as improving your memory! 既锻炼了大脑，又提升了记忆力! 6.Healthy eating habits are especially important, and a healthy diet helps maintain a good memory. 健康的饮食习惯尤为重要，健康的饮食有助于维持良好的记忆力。 7.Last but not least, it is important to get plenty of rest. 最后但同样重要的是，充分休息至关重要。 8.Besides, if you get too stressed or worried, your memory will become less sharp. 另外，若长期处于压力或焦虑中，记忆力也会变得迟钝。 9.Everyone has moments of forgetfulness and memory tends to decline with age. 每个人都有健忘的时候，且记忆力会随着年龄增长而衰退。 10.Therefore, it is quite normal for people to experience memory loss as they get older 因此，人们随着年龄增长出现记忆力减退是正常现象。 11.Tree rings contain lots of secrets from the forest. 树木年轮中蕴含着许多来自森林的秘密。 12.This is a good sign as it means the tree grew well and was healthy. 这是一个好兆头，因为这意味着这棵树长得很好，很健康。 13.Thanks to this, scientists can look at the tree ring patterns to learn about climate change in a particular place. 多亏了这一点，科学家们可以通过观察树木年轮模式来了解特定地区的气候变化。 14. Nowadays, they can even look at the chemistry of each tree ring to figure out exactly when the tree was cut down. 如今，他们甚至可以观察每棵树年轮的化学成分，以确定这棵树被砍伐的确切时间。 15. It’s amazing that trees can tell us so much, even though they cannot talk! 令人惊讶的是，尽管树木不会说话，但它们能告诉我们这么多！ 【精讲精练】 要点1 memory memory ．记忆；记忆力 She has a good memory for names. 她对人名有很好的记忆力。 【同根词】memorize v记忆，识记 You must memorize this secret message.你一定要记住这机密的情报。 These expressions are very useful，please memorize them.这些短语很有用，请记住它们。 I can't memorize the things for long.1 wonder how to improve my memory. 我不能长久地记住事情。我想知道怎样提高我的记忆力。 【辨析】memorize & remember都有“记住”的含义，注意它们的区别： memorize指有意识的下功夫把某事的整个细节都记在脑子里。 remember多指无意识地回忆起往事，也可指通过主观努力去记忆。 【搭配】short-term memory：短时记忆，瞬间记忆  long-term memory：长时记忆 We have a short-term memory and a long-term memory. 我们拥有瞬间记忆和长时记忆两种方式。 【典例分析】 1. I have to ____________ (memory) these words in ten minutes. 2. 她写了一首诗来纪念他的妻子。 He wrote a poem ________ ________ _______his wife. 要点2 make a point of Make a point of （因重要或必要）保证做 “特意做某事、保证做某事”，强调主观上主动、刻意地去完成某个动作，突出对该事情的重视 My mom makes a point of cooking breakfast for me every morning. 我妈妈特意每天早上给我做早餐。 He makes a point of reviewing his English notes before exams. 他特意在考试前复习英语笔记。 We should make a point of keeping our classroom clean—it’s our shared space.我们应该特意保持教室干净，这是我们共同的空间。 【典例分析】 1.To improve his spoken English, Mike always ____ talking with his foreign classmates for 15 minutes every day. A. makes fun of B. makes a point of C. makes use of D. makes sure of 2.汤姆每天晚上睡觉前一定要读一些书，因为他认为这有助于提高他的理解能力。(完成句子) Tom ______ ______ _____ _______doing some reading before going to bed every night, because he thinks it helps improve his comprehension. 要点3 exercise exercise是初中高频词，可作动词和名词“锻炼、运动，运用、练习” 一、作动词（v.）：锻炼；练习；运用 含义 1：（身体）锻炼 常见搭配：exercise + 身体部位。如 legs, arms ；exercise regularly定期锻炼 含义 2：练习（技能、语言等） 常见搭配：exercise + 技能名词。如 ：English, piano, writing。 My father exercises his legs by walking after dinner. 我爸爸晚饭后散步来锻炼腿部。 She often exercises her English by talking with foreign teachers. 她经常通过和外教聊天来练习英语。 He doesn’t exercise in the morning because he gets up late. 他早上不锻炼，因为起得晚。 二、作名词（n.）：锻炼；运动；练习；习题 含义 1：（身体）锻炼（不可数名词） 常见搭配：do exercise做锻炼、take exercise进行锻炼、 含义 2：一套动作；运动项目（可数名词，复数 exercises） 常见搭配：morning exercises早操、eye exercises眼保健操 含义 3：练习；习题（可数名词，复数 exercises） 常见搭配：math exercises数学习题、do exercises做练习 Doing more exercise helps you stay healthy.多做锻炼能帮你保持健康。 We have to do morning exercises at 8 o’clock every school day. 每个上学日我们都要在 8 点做早操。 The teacher asked us to finish the English exercises on Page 20. 老师让我们完成第 20 页的英语习题。 【典例分析】 1.我们每天做眼保健操。（翻译） 2.每天锻炼能强身健体。（翻译2种） 3.The runners go to the gym to (锻炼) every day. 4. My grandmother does morning ________ every day. It is good for her to take ________. A．an exercise；exercise B．exercises；exercise C．the exercises；exercises D．an exercise；exercises 5.Mr Smith takes some _______ every morning to keep healthy, for example, running. A. exercise B. photos C. advice D. notes 6. You should________ if you want to be fitter. A. take more exercises B. do exercises C. get some exercises D. take more exercise 要点4 Connect Connect 连接；联系；接通 connect (to/with sth.) 表示 “（设备）联网；（人）建立联系” You can connect the phone to the computer with a USB cable. 你可以用 USB 线把手机和电脑连接起来。 We should connect study with real life.我们应该把学习和真实生活联系起来。 The TV can connect to the Internet directly.这台电视可以直接联网。 二、同根词 Connection（名词）连接；联系；关系 make a connection（建立连接 / 联系） have a connection with（与…… 有关联） be connected to/with 与…… 相连 / 有关联 All the smart homes are connected to one system. 所有智能家居都连接到一个系统。 1. be connected with (强调抽象联系 / 逻辑关系，不强调物理连接）。 Study is connected with your future life.学习与你未来的生活相关。 His work is connected with environmental protection.他的工作与环保有关。 She is connected with many famous scientists.她和许多著名科学家有联系。 2. be connected to 物理连接 / 设备连接： The hose is connected to the water tap.水管连接到水龙头。 All devices are connected to the same network.所有设备都连接到同一个网络。 【典例分析】 1.香港和深圳由罗湖桥连接着。(完成句子) Hong Kong and Shenzhen ________ ___________ by Luohu Bridge. 2这座桥将这个岛和大陆连接了起来。(完成句子) The bridge _______________ the island __________ the mainland. 3.We need a wireless _____________ （connect） 4.I can't ______ my computer to the Internet. Can you help me? A. connect B. contact C. conduct D. contract 5.You can ______ with people from all over the world through social media. A. connect B. contact C. combine D. compare 要点5 make up make up意为编造（故事、谎言等）。 The story is made up. 这个故事是虚构的。 be made up of 由…组成 make up除了有“编造”的意思外，还有以下含义： （1）make sb./oneself up意为＂给某人/自己化妆 ＂ She makes herself up every morning. 她每天早上都给自己化妆。 （2）构成，组成 Girl students make up only 40% of the students. 女生仅占（全部）学生的40%。 （3）和好，言归于好 He usually makes up with his wife the same day. 他和他妻子（吵架）通常当天言归于好。 【典例分析】 1. Mrs. Wang always asks us to ________ conversations in the English classes. A. make up B. turn up C. end up D. look up 2．Tony couldn't find a good excuse (理由) for being late，so he ________ one ________. A．put，up B．made，up C．picked，up D．dressed，up 要点6 as well as的用法 as well as表示“不仅……而且……”，强调as well as前面的内容。as well as连接主语时，其谓语动词的人称和数应与as well as之前的名词或代词保持一致。此外，as well as还可表示“和……一样好”。 那个女孩不仅能讲英语，还能讲中文。 The girl can speak English as well as Chinese. = The girl can speak both English and Chinese. = The girl can speak not only English but also Chinese. 简和她的父母今晚要去看电影。 Jane as well as her parents is going to the cinema tonight. 简的父母和她今晚要去看电影。 Jane’s parents as well as Jane are going to the cinema tonight. as well as和not only. . . but also. . . 的区别 【自主归纳】as well as的用法 词　组 用　法 as well as 连接名词或代词作主语时, 强调1. , 谓语动词2. not only. . .but also. . . 连接名词或代词作主语时, 强调3. , 谓语动词4. , 即5.“ ”原则 【典例分析】 1. Not only his wife but also his children were invited to the party. His children __________ __________ __________ his wife were invited to the party. 2. I like singing as well as dancing. I like singing, I like dancing __________ __________. 3.每逢周末, 托尼不仅可以看电视, 而且可以上网。 On weekends, Tony can go online __________ __________ __________watch TV. 4—How can I speak English ______ ______ _______ _____(与你一样好), Rose? —Practice makes perfect. 5,John 和Peter 在电影院看见Jolie 时，都很吃惊 _______ ________ John ______ ________ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema. = _______ John ______ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema. 要点7 especially Especially 核心含义是 “尤其；特别”，主要用于强调某个人、事物或情况在众多同类中更突出、更重要，让表达的重点更清晰。 This story is interesting, especially the ending part. 这个故事很有趣，尤其是结尾部分。 He runs fast, especially in the final 100 meters. 他跑得很快，尤其是在最后 100 米的时候。 I like fruits, especially apples.我喜欢水果，尤其喜欢苹果。 English is useful, especially for students. 英语很有用，尤其对学生来说。 【典例分析】 1. There are smiles everywhere, ______________ on the faces of children. A. nearly B. especially C. finally D. luckily 2. —As we know, it’s very difficult to live in a foreign country like the UK, the US and so on. —I agree. _____________ if you don't understand the local language. A. Especially B. Generally C. Naturally D. Exactly 7. Making dumplings is an important activity for many families on New Year’s Eve, ________ in Northern China. A. suddenly B. especially C. heavily D. differently 要点8 diet “饮食、日常膳食”，也可特指 “节食（为控制体重）”。 含义 1：日常饮食（泛指平时吃的食物，不可数或可数，常用单数） daily diet日常饮食、healthy diet健康饮食、balanced diet均衡饮食。 含义 2：节食（可数名词） go on a diet开始节食、be on a diet正在节食、a strict diet严格的节食。 Eating vegetables and fruits is good for a healthy diet. 吃蔬菜和水果有助于健康饮食。 A balanced diet can help us stay strong and avoid illness. 均衡的饮食能帮我们保持强壮，远离疾病。 She wants to lose weight, so she decides to go on a diet next week. 她想减肥，所以决定下周开始节食。 【典例分析】 1.A balanced ______ can provide our bodies with necessary nutrients to stay strong. A. meal B. drink C. diet D. snack 2. My doctor advised me to have a healthy d______ and avoid too much sweet food to protect my teeth. 3.露西正在节食，因为她希望在生日派对前瘦一点。（完成句子） Lucy ______ ______ ______ ______ because she hopes to lose some weight before her birthday party. 要点9 maintain maintain维持；保持；维护，侧重通过持续的努力让某物或某种状态不改变。 maintain a habit保持习惯、 maintain health维持健康、 maintain order维持秩序； maintain grades保持成绩、 maintain cleanliness保持清洁、 maintain friendship维持友谊。 We should maintain a regular sleep schedule to keep our brains active. 我们应该保持规律的作息，让大脑保持活跃。 Regular communication helps maintain a good friendship between classmates. 定期沟通有助于维持同学间的良好友谊。 It’s important to maintain a positive attitude when facing difficulties. 面对困难时，保持积极的态度很重要。 “maintain” 和 “remain” 都有 “保持” 的含义，但词性、用法和侧重点完全不同 1. maintain：主动 “维持”，及物动词（必须接宾语） We need to maintain a balanced diet by eating more vegetables. 我们需要通过多吃蔬菜来维持均衡饮食。 “维持饮食” 是主动的行为，需要 “多吃蔬菜” 的努力，后接名词 “a balanced diet” 作宾语 2. remain：自然 “保持”，系动词 / 不及物动词（不接宾语） The room remains clean even after many students use it 即使很多学生用过，这个房间依然保持干净。 “保持干净” 是房间自身的状态，无需人为刻意努力，后接形容词 “clean” 说明状态，无宾语 After the party, he remained in the hall for a few minutes. 派对结束后，他在大厅里停留了几分钟。 “停留” 是他自然的状态，后接介词短语 “in the hall” 说明位置，无宾语 【典例分析】 1.It’s important to ______ a regular study habit if you want to improve your grades. A. create B. maintain C. break D. change 2.To ______ good grades, you need to listen carefully in class and finish homework on time. 3.互相理解和尊重是维持良好友谊的关键。（完成句子） Understanding and respecting each other is the key to ______ ______ ______ ______. 4. You need to water the plants regularly to ______ their fresh look, or they will soon lose moisture and not remain green. A. maintain B. remain C. destroy D. reduce 要点10 Last but not least Last but not least “最后但同样重要的是”，主要强调最后一项虽然排在末尾，但重要性不低于前面的内容，让表达更有条理且突出重点。 To finish the project, we got help from Tom, Lucy, and last but not least, our teacher Mr. Li. 为了完成这个项目，我们得到了汤姆、露西的帮助，最后但同样重要的是，还有我们的老师李老师。 o improve your English, you should read more, practice speaking often, and last but not least, keep a diary in English every day. 要提高英语，你应该多阅读、常练习口语，最后但同样重要的是，每天用英语写日记。 【典例分析】 1.保持健康需要：早睡早起、多做运动，最后但同样重要的是，每天吃足量的蔬菜。(完成句子) To keep healthy, you need to go to bed and get up early, do more exercise; ______ ______ ______ ______, eat enough vegetables every day. 要点11 plenty of （1）plenty of 意为“大量的，充足的”，相当于a lot of, 既可与可数名词连用，又可与不可数名词连用。例如： I have plenty of time. 我有很多时间。 The room contained plenty of guests. 屋里有很多客人。 （2）plenty of +名词，作主语时，其谓语动词的数要与名词的数相一致。例如： There is plenty of work to be done. 有很多工作要做。 Plenty of students have come. 来了许多学生。 （3）in plenty 表示“大量；丰富；充裕”。例如： There is food and drink in plenty. 有大量的食物和饮料。 【拓展】 （1）a great deal of +不可数名词，表示“大量的”。例如： They need a great deal of food. 他们需要大量的食物。 （2）a great number of +复数名词，表示“许多的”。例如： Chinese is spoken by a great number of people in the world. 世界上许多人说汉语。 【典例分析】 1.—What do you think of the old song? —I like it very much. It provides ________ information about the singer's childhood. A. plenty of B. kind of C. a few D. a lot 2.—There is 　　 room for improvement in your work.  —Thank you. I must work harder. A. a few　　 B. lot of　 　 C. plenty of D. a lot 3. Mr. White owns ________ books in his personal library. A．plenty of B．a plenty of C．a great deal of D．the number of 要点12 tend “倾向于；照料”，其中 “tend to” 是最常用的搭配，表 “倾向于；往往会”， I tend to get up early on school days.上学日我往往会早起。 She tends to listen to music when she feels tired. 她感到累的时候，往往会听音乐。 Winter days tend to be short and cold.冬天的日子往往又短又冷。 The nurse tended the sick child carefully.护士细心地照顾那个生病的孩子。 一句话总结（初中易记） 想表达 “往往会做某事、有某种习惯”，用 tend to do sth 想表达 “照料人 / 动植物”，用 tend + 宾语（如 tend the plants）。 【典例分析】 要点13 （1）sense此处用作及物动词，意为“感觉到；意识到”。 He sensed danger and stopped. 他意识到了危险，停了下来。 She sensed that something had happened to her family. 她感觉到她家出事了。 拓展：sense还可用作名词，意为“感觉；意识”，其后常接介词of。 When you touch ice, you have a sense of coldness. 当你摸冰的时候，你会有冷的感觉。 She has no sense of business. 她没有经商意识。 与sense相关的短语 make sense 合情理，有意义，一般不用于被动语态。 make sense of 理解；明白 例：So it seems to make sense to let more people join in the discussion. 因此，让更多的人参与到讨论中似乎是合情合理的。 【典例分析】 1.I am sure Cindy will be able to find the hotel—she has a pretty good 　　 　 of direction.  A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense 2. Don't believe him. His words don't ________． A. take a sense B. take sense C. make a sense D. make sense 3.My mother has a poor 　 　　of direction, so she is always afraid to go out alone.  A. scene B. silence C. service D. sense 4.I arrived home late this evening. I could ________ a strong feeling of anger from my mom, because she was strangely silent. A. look B. sense C. smell D. remain 5.这篇短文生词太多, 我读不懂。 This passage has too many new words that I can’t ________ _______ ________it. 要点14 Loss 表示 “失去；损失；亏损” Her loss of memory made her family very worried.她的失忆让家人非常担心。 The loss of his best friend changed his life a lot. 失去最好的朋友对他的生活影响很大。 The company suffered a big loss last year.这家公司去年亏损严重。 Lose 表示 “丢失；失去；输掉” I lost my wallet on the bus this morning.今天早上我在公交车上丢了钱包 He lost his father when he was only 5. 他 5 岁时就失去了父亲。 Our team lost the football match yesterday. 我们队昨天输掉了足球比赛。 【典例分析】 1.Regular reading can help prevent memory ______ as we get older, according to the doctor. A. cost B. loss C. mess D. stress 2.He was very sad because he ______（lose）his new bike on his way home yesterday. 3.The ______（lose）of his phone made it hard for him to keep in touch with his friends. 4.The company suffered a big l______because of the bad market, so it had to cut some jobs. 要点15 list 1)作为名词，意为“名单；清单”。常用于以下表达中： ①(make)a list of,意为“(列一张)……的清单”。 My grandmother always makes a list of things she needs before going shopping. 我奶奶总是在购物之前列一张她需要的物品清单。 ②make a shopping list,意为“列购物清单”。 Let’s make a shopping list before we go, shall we? 让我们出发前列一张购物清单，好吗？ 2）作为及物动词，意为“列清单”。 Please list the things we need before we set out. 请在我们出发前把我们需要的物品列一张清单。 【典例分析】 1.请列出有喜欢的食物清单。 Please _______ _______ ________ _________your favourite food.  =Please ___________ your favourite food 2.这里是购物清单。 Here is the __________ ________.  3.Before going shopping, my mom usually writes a _____ of things she needs to buy to avoid forgetting anything. A. list B. note C. story D. plan 4.If you have many tasks to do today, you can make a l______ and finish them one by one. 要点16 Mental 精神的、脑力的、心理的。 副词形式 mentally mental health心理健康 mental state精神状态与 mental activity脑力活动 mental ability智力 mental problems心理问题 mental stress精神压力 We need to do more mental activities to keep our brains active. 我们需要做更多脑力活动来保持大脑活跃。 She is not only physically strong but also mentally healthy. 她不仅身体强壮，而且心理健康。 【典例分析】 1.Doing puzzles and reading books are good for keeping our ______ health, as they make our brains active. A. physical B. mental C. social D. environmental 2.Long-term lack of sleep can make people ______（mental）tired, even if they don’t do much physical work. 3.像思考、记忆和解决问题这样的脑力活动能帮助我们提升思维能力。（完成句子） ______ ______ like thinking, remembering and solving problems can help us improve our thinking skills. 要点17 sign 可作名词或动词，核心含义是 “标志、迹象、信号”。 1. 名词 表示 “标志；指示牌”：用于指明方向、规则或信息的标识。 表示 “迹象；征兆”：显示某种情况或事实的表现。 1.There is a “No Smoking” sign in the library. 图书馆里有一个 “禁止吸烟” 的标志。 2.Dark clouds are a sign that it will rain.乌云是要下雨的迹象。 3.She gave me a sign to come over.她给了我一个让我过去的信号。 sign、mark、symbol 的区别 单词 核心含义 常见用法场景 简单例句 sign 标志（指示信息）、迹象（显示情况） 指示牌、天气 / 身体的征兆、手势信号等 The sign on the door says “Closed”.门上的标志写着 “关门”。 A fever is a sign of illness.发烧是生病的迹象。 mark 记号（人为留下）、痕迹（自然 / 人为） 书写标记、污渍痕迹、成绩分数等 She made a mark on the map with a pen. 她用钢笔在地图上做了个记号。 There are marks of dirt on the shirt. 衬衫上有污渍痕迹。 symbol 象征（代表抽象意义） 代表国家、理念、文化的符号或象征物 The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。 The red flag is a symbol of our country. 红旗是我们国家的象征。 简单总结： 看到 “指示牌、征兆”，想到 sign； 看到 “人为记号、留下的痕迹”，想到 mark； 看到 “代表抽象意义的象征”，想到 symbol。 【典例分析】 1.You can see a “No Smoking” ______ on the wall of the library, so you mustn’t smoke there. A. sign B. picture C. map D. note 3. There is a ______（s）at the school gate that says “Welcome to Our School” to greet visitors. 4.The red cross is a well-known ______ of help and medical care around the world. A. mark B. symbol C. image D. sign 5.Please put a small ______ next to the words you don’t understand, so you can check them later. A. mark B. symbol C. image D. sign 6.The ______ of a smiling face on the app means that your message has been sent successfully. A. mark B. symbol C. image D. sign 7.You must follow the traffic ______ when crossing the road, or it may be dangerous. A. mark B. symbol C. image D. sign 要点18 particular particular “特定的；特别的；挑剔的”。 Do you have a particular color you like for your new bag? 你对新书包有特别喜欢的颜色吗？ She is very particular about her food—she doesn’t eat spicy things. 她对食物很挑剔，不吃辣的东西。（be particular about对…… 挑剔 / 讲究） I remember this story because it happened on a particular day. 我记得这个故事，因为它发生在某一个特定的日子。 【典例分析】 1.My grandma has a ______ chair in the living room—she only sits there to read newspapers every afternoon. A. common B. particular C. strange D. new 2.My little sister is quite p______ about her food—she never eats vegetables with green leaves. 3.汤姆对穿的衣服很挑剔，只喜欢穿纯棉材质的。（完成句子） Tom ______ ______ ______ the clothes he wears—he only likes to wear cotton ones. 4.This museum has a ______ section for ancient coins, where you can see rare collections from different dynasties. A. special B. common C. particular D. specific 要点19 figure out 是动词短语 “弄懂；算出；推理出，找到（解决办法）” Can you figure out this math problem?你能算出这道数学题吗？ I need to figure out how to get to the park.我得弄明白怎么去公园。 She spent an hour figuring out the new game. 她花了一个小时才弄明白这个新游戏怎么玩。 【典例分析】 1.I spent half an hour trying to ______ how to use this new app, and finally I got it right. A. figure out B. look up C. put away D. take off 2.请仔细阅读说明书，这样你就能弄明白如何组装这个玩具了。（完成句子） Please read the instruction carefully, so you can ______ ______ how to put this toy together. 要点20 even though 是连词短语，核心含义是 “即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句 Even though it rained heavily, we still went to the park. 尽管雨下得很大，我们还是去了公园。 She kept working even though she felt tired.尽管她觉得累，还是继续工作. even though 与 though/although 都表 “尽管”，但有细微差异。 连词短语 语气强度 特殊用法 例句对比 even though 较强（突出 “让步”） 不用于句末，只能引导从句 Even though it was late, we kept studying.（√） though 较弱 可用于句末（作副词） It was late. We kept studying, though.（√） although 中等 不用于句末，正式程度高 Although it was late, we kept studying.（√） 【典例分析】 根据汉语完成句子。 1.即使知道是无望的，我也坚持尝试。 I kept on trying, ______ _________ I knew it was hopeless. 2.尽管雨下得很大，农民们仍然在农场里工作。 __________ ___________it’s raining hard, the farmers are still working on the farm. 3.Many children ask their parents to give money to charity buy them snacks. A. later on B. even though C. rather than D. in order to 4. I don't like eating vegetables________ I know they are good for my health. A. since B. even though C. because D. as soon as 要点21 so that so…that （高频考题） so …that… 如此……以至于…… You can make up a story to link items in a list so that you will remember them.(课文句子重现) “so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句”； so…that 意思是“如此…以至于…” 拓展：如果名词被many, much, few, little等词修饰，则名词前不用such而用so。 so that so that表示“以便”， 用来引导目的状语从句。相当于in order that, 从句中常用can, could, may, might等情态动词. 【典例分析】 1. He has to earn lots of money _____ he can buy his children nice food and clothes. A. so that B. such that C. that D. in order 2.Santaishan Forest Park is __________ beautiful that it has become a hot tourist attraction. A. so B. very C. such D. quite 3. I’ve had _______ many falls that I am black and blue all over. A. so B. such C. too D. very 4. The camera is _______ expensive _______ I can’t afford it. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 5. It was ______ yesterday that they went out for a picnic. A. a such fine day B. such a fine day C. so a fine day D. a so fine day 6.Jim is so young that he can’t look after himself. (改为同义句) ①Jim is __________young __________look after himself. 1 Jim is __________ old __________ __________ look after himself. 7. They trained ___________ harder than before ____________ they could win the match. A. too ; to B. so ; that C. such ; that D. / ; so that 8. 她说得那么快，我几乎听不清她所说的话。 She spoke ____________ fast ____________ I could ___________ hear what she said clearly. 9.为了让大家可以明白，他说得很慢。 He spoke slowly ________ ________ everyone ________ ________. 10. 我激动得睡不着。 I was ________ ________ ___________ I couldn’t fall asleep. I was ________ ________ __________ fall asleep. 要点22 relax (1) relaxed是形容词，意为“某人感到轻松、放松、不受拘束的”。指某人“感到”轻松。通常用来形容人。有类似用法的词有interested\excited\surprised\bored\tired。例如： He is feeling relaxed. = He is relaxed. 他感到很轻松。 The song can make me relaxed. 这首歌让我感到轻松。 (2) relaxing是形容词，意为“某事情令人轻松的”，指某事或者某物“令人”轻松。通常用来修饰物或事。有类似用法的词有interesting\exciting\surprising\boring\tiring。例如： The song is relaxing. 这首歌真使人轻松。 You can listen to relaxing music in the bath! 你可以边洗澡边听（令人）轻松的音乐。 【典例分析】 1. 1.Listening to some ________ songs or staying with friends always makes us ________ . A. relaxing; relaxing B. relaxing; relaxed C. relaxed; relaxed D. relaxed; relaxing 2. As soon as I heard the news that I passed the driving test, I felt _____ at once. A. angry B. relaxed C. afraid D. nervous 3.In the future, robots will do jobs in place of people in order not to get us . A. bored; bored B. boring; boring C. boring; bored D. bored; boring 4.—We all like Mr. Wang. —I agree with you. He always makes his English classes　 　. A. interested 　 B. interest　 C. interesting 5.Mr. Wang is an _______ man .He is __________ in telling jokes . A. interesting , interested B. interested , interesting C. interesting , interesting D. interested , interested 知识要点二、语法 If 引导的条件状语句 ◆◆引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if。 if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种（非真实条件句会在以后的虚拟语气中阐述），其引导的真实条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。 1) 如果 if 条件句讲述自然规律，肯定会发生的事情或客观事实，主句和if从句都用一般现在时态。（主现从现） If you take a fish out of water, it dies.如果把鱼从水中拿出，它会死。 2)  在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，谈论将来可能出现的情况时， （主现从现）If you put a piece of paper into water, it gets wet. 如果你把一张纸放进水中，它会变湿。 （主将从现）I’ll buy a car if I have enough money. 如果我有足够的钱， 我会买一辆车。 （主祈从现）Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心。 Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask. 如果你们有问题要问的话，请举手。 (主情从现) If I get there early, I can see the doctor quickly. 如果我早早地到那里， 我就可以快点看病。 【注意】 此处if引导的从句，还可由 when， as soon as(一…就…), （not）…until （直到…才），unless(除非)来引导。 The traffic must stop when the light are red.当红灯亮时，交通必须停止。 I will go home as soon as it stops raining. 雨一停我就回家。 Please don’t leave the office until your friend comes back. 请不要离开直到你朋友回来。 　 Unless引导的条件状语从句 ◆◆unless引导的条件状语从句：unless= if …not “除非, 如果不” ① Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired. = If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk. 我们出去散步吧，除非你太累 ②You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. =If you don’t start earlier, you will fail to arrive there in time. 如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。 ③Unless it rains, the game will be played. = If it doesn’t rain, the game will be played. 除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。 ④My baby sister never cries unless she is hungry. = My baby sister never cries if she isn’t hungry. 我的妹妹不会乱哭，除非她饿了。 ◆◆位置： 由if引导的条件状语从句，可放在主句前面或后面。 If we go to the beach, we need to take sun cream. = We need to take sun cream if we go to the beach. 如果我们去海滩，我们需要带上防晒霜。 【典例分析】 一、用if或unless填空。 1. ______ he wants to see me, you can tell him to wait, 2. ______ it snows tomorrow, we'll have a day or two off. 3. We won't go to his party ______ he invites us. 4. She is sure to pass the examination ______ she is ill. 5. I'll take that computer ______ I have enough money. 6. ______ my grandma wears glasses, she can see better. 7. I won't buy that backpack ______ it costs less than ￥20. 8. ______ I'm tired, I'll have a rest for tea. 二、选择填空 1.If you _____ to join an educational exchange, you must apply for it first. A. want B. wanted C. wants D. wanting 2 .In hot weather, food goes bad easily ______ it is kept in the fridge. A. because B. if C. unless D. since 3. — May I play the computer game? — No, _____ you promise to finish your homework first. A. unless B. if C. but D. so 4. They ____ the Great Wall unless it_______ . A. will visit; will rain B. will visit; rains C. visit; will rain D. visit; rains 5. If you take the fish out the water, it ________. A. dies B. will die C. died D. is dying 6.If you _____ to join an educational exchange, you must apply for it first. A. want B. wanted C. wants D. wanting 三、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。 1. If he (come) tonight, he will meet you at the party. 2. If the weather (get) worse, we will have to stay inside. 3. If the rain (stop) soon, will you go to the cinema with me? 4. I (buy) a new mobile phone if I (have) enough money. 5. If you (drop) a glass, it (break). 6. If you put sugar into the water, it _____________ (disappear). 7. Unless you do more exercise, you _____________ (lose) weight. 8. The tree ___________ (grow) if you water it. 9. Unless you _____________ (work) hard, you can not pass the exam. 10. If you cool the water, it _____________ (turn) into ice. 知识要点三、书面表达 【话题分析】 记忆策略指南 本单元以 “The secret of memory” 为主题，属于 “人与自我” 主题语境范畴，聚焦 “认知与学习策略” 子主题。通过探索记忆规律、学习提升记忆的方法及相关语言表达，引导学生在语言实践模仿范文结构，撰写 “记忆小贴士” 短文。写作时，注意下面几点： 一、首先明确要介绍的具体记忆方法。 二、解释技巧是什么（Explain "WHAT"）​ 用简单易懂的语言定义该技巧，让读者快速了解其本质。 三、说明技巧的作用（Explain "WHY"） ​阐述该技巧为何能帮助记忆，即它的优势或原理。 四、给出技巧的使用方法（Explain "HOW"）​ 提供具体、可操作的步骤，指导读者如何运用该技巧。 Basic structure of how to write tips for remembering things. 【短语积累】 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.________________________特意,保证做 2. ________________________锻炼你的大脑 3. ________________________开动脑筋 4. ________________________建立心理关联 5. ________________________编造一个故事 6. ________________________过着健康生活 7. ________________________保持良好的记忆力。 8. ________________________定期进行体育锻炼 9. ________________________最后但同样重要的是 10. ________________________安排时间做某事 11.________________________ 在……中发挥重要作用 12.________________________ 演奏一件新乐器 13.________________________ 健康的饮食习惯 14.________________________ 而且，此外 15.________________________ 往往会随着年龄增长而衰退 16.________________________ 过度压力 17.________________________ 使用思维导图 18.________________________ 反复练习做某事 19.________________________ 将东西分组 20.________________________激活我们的五官 【句式积累】 翻译下面句子 Part one : 记忆的重要性和改善记忆的方法 1.在学习新技能时，好的记忆力起着至关重要的作用。（play a ..... role） 2.如果我们想在学习中取得进步，拥有良好的记忆力是必要的。 3.保证尝试新鲜的事物可以保持大脑活跃，提高记忆能力(make a point of ） 4.过一种精神活跃的生活是有帮助的。一定要尝试新事物。 5.你也可以通过脑力游戏来提高记忆力 6.在记忆链接中，你建立心理联系来帮助你记住事情。 7.如果你过着健康的生活，你的记忆力会更好。 8.研究表明，吃健康的饮食可以提高你的记忆力。 9.如果你压力太大或担心，你的记忆力会变得不那么敏锐。 Part two : 记东西的技巧。(开头句) 1.我喜欢把事情分组来记忆。 2.我认为在脑海中创造有趣的图像是记忆事物的好方法。 3.多练习是帮助我们记住所学知识的有效方法。​ 4.记笔记是记住事情的好方法，俗话说：“好记性不如烂笔头”。 Part two : 记东西的技巧。（中间句） 1.学习英语单词时，我们可以按食物、动物或颜色等主题对它们进行分组。 2.思维导图可以清楚地显示不同想法之间的关系。 3.记笔记时，我们可以写下主要想法和关键细节。 4.熟能生巧我们练习得越多，对知识就越熟悉。  Part two : 记东西的技巧。（结尾句） 1.它增强了我们的记忆力，帮助我们掌握所学知识。 2.这样，你的练习会更有用，你会更好地记住事情！ 3.这使得知识更令人难忘，学习起来也更有趣。 4.它把学习变成了一场游戏，帮助我们记住知识而不感到无聊。 【实战演练1】 李华很懊恼，他经常说自己记忆不好，记不住东西，特别是英语单词，请就李华的问题写出关于记忆方法的一段短文，说明你推荐的记忆方法。 Dear Li hua ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 The secret of memory 单元小结 知识目录 学习目标：本单元通过探索记忆规律、学习提升记忆的方法及相关语言表达，引导学生在语言实践中培养信息处理能力和终身学习意识。在语言能力培养上，学生通过阅读记忆方法文章、开展记忆策略对话，提升词汇运用和句型表达能力. 语法目标：条件状语从句if（用法2）unless用法 听说目标：能听懂关于记忆测试的对话。谈论记忆的方法和技巧。 写作目标：能够写出关于记忆策略方面的小短文。 目录 知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式 要点1 重点短语 练习 要点2 重点句式 练习 【精讲精练】 要点1 memory的用法 练习 要点2 make a point of的用法 练习 要点3 exercise的用法 练习 要点4 connect的用法 练习 要点5 make up的用法 练习 要点6 as well as的用法 练习 要点7 especially的用法 练习 要点8 diet的用法 练习 要点9 maitain的用法 练习 要点10 Last but not least的用法 练习 要点11 plenty of的用法 练习 要点12 tend用法 练习 要点13 sense的用法 练习 要点14 loss的用法 练习 要点15 list的用法 练习 要点16 mentally的用法 练习 要点17 sign的用法 练习 要点18 particular的用法 练习 要点19 figure out的用法 练习 要点20 even though的用法 练习 要点21 so that so…that的用法 练习 要点22 relax的用法 练习 知识要点二、语法 要点 条件状语从句 23 知识要点三、书面表达 要点1 话题分析 25 要点2 词汇短语积累 26 要点3句式积累 27 要点4实战演练 28 知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。 【重点短语】 1.在…… 中发挥重要作用 plays an important role in 2. 特意，保证做 Make a point of 3. 锻炼你的大脑 exercise your brain 4. 演奏一件新乐器 play a new instrument 5. 往往会；趋向于 tend to 6. 开动脑筋 work your brain 7. 建立心理关联 make mental connections to 8. 编造一个故事 make up a story 9. 以便 so that 10. 过着健康生活 live a healthy life 11. 保持良好的记忆力 maintain a good memory 12. 而且，此外 What’s more 13. 最后但同样重要的是 Last but not least 14. 大量的 plenty of 15. 随着年龄增长而逐渐衰退 tends to decline with age 16. 安排时间做某事 make time to do sth. 17. 也，以及；还有 as well as 18. 自然灾害 natural disasters 19. 弄清楚 figure out 20. 尽管 even though 21. 吸收，弄明白 take in 22. 激活我们的五官 activate our five senses 23. 将事物分组 put things into groups 24. 做笔记 take notes 【重点句式】 1. It is helpful to live a mentally active life. Make a point of trying new things. 生活中保持脑力活跃是有帮助的。尝试新事物是关键。 2.you will exercise your brain if you learn to play a new instrument or learn a foreign language. 学习弹奏一门新乐器或掌握一门外语可以锻炼大脑。 3.In memory linking, you make mental connections to help you remember things. 在记忆联想法中，你可以通过建立心理联系来辅助记忆。 4.you can make up a story to link items in a list so that you will remember them. 你可以编一个故事将清单中的物品串联起来，从而记住它们。 5.You will be exercising your brain as well as improving your memory! 既锻炼了大脑，又提升了记忆力! 6.Healthy eating habits are especially important, and a healthy diet helps maintain a good memory. 健康的饮食习惯尤为重要，健康的饮食有助于维持良好的记忆力。 7.Last but not least, it is important to get plenty of rest. 最后但同样重要的是，充分休息至关重要。 8.Besides, if you get too stressed or worried, your memory will become less sharp. 另外，若长期处于压力或焦虑中，记忆力也会变得迟钝。 9.Everyone has moments of forgetfulness and memory tends to decline with age. 每个人都有健忘的时候，且记忆力会随着年龄增长而衰退。 10.Therefore, it is quite normal for people to experience memory loss as they get older 因此，人们随着年龄增长出现记忆力减退是正常现象。 11.Tree rings contain lots of secrets from the forest. 树木年轮中蕴含着许多来自森林的秘密。 12.This is a good sign as it means the tree grew well and was healthy. 这是一个好兆头，因为这意味着这棵树长得很好，很健康。 13.Thanks to this, scientists can look at the tree ring patterns to learn about climate change in a particular place. 多亏了这一点，科学家们可以通过观察树木年轮模式来了解特定地区的气候变化。 14. Nowadays, they can even look at the chemistry of each tree ring to figure out exactly when the tree was cut down. 如今，他们甚至可以观察每棵树年轮的化学成分，以确定这棵树被砍伐的确切时间。 15. It’s amazing that trees can tell us so much, even though they cannot talk! 令人惊讶的是，尽管树木不会说话，但它们能告诉我们这么多！ 【精讲精练】 要点1 memory memory ．记忆；记忆力 She has a good memory for names. 她对人名有很好的记忆力。 【同根词】memorize v记忆，识记 You must memorize this secret message.你一定要记住这机密的情报。 These expressions are very useful，please memorize them.这些短语很有用，请记住它们。 I can't memorize the things for long.1 wonder how to improve my memory. 我不能长久地记住事情。我想知道怎样提高我的记忆力。 【辨析】memorize & remember都有“记住”的含义，注意它们的区别： memorize指有意识的下功夫把某事的整个细节都记在脑子里。 remember多指无意识地回忆起往事，也可指通过主观努力去记忆。 【搭配】short-term memory：短时记忆，瞬间记忆  long-term memory：长时记忆 We have a short-term memory and a long-term memory. 我们拥有瞬间记忆和长时记忆两种方式。 【典例分析】 1. I have to ____________ (memory) these words in ten minutes. 2. 她写了一首诗来纪念他的妻子。 He wrote a poem ________ ________ _______his wife. 【解析】1.memorize 动词。“记住” 2.in memory of 纪念某人某物。 要点2 make a point of Make a point of （因重要或必要）保证做 “特意做某事、保证做某事”，强调主观上主动、刻意地去完成某个动作，突出对该事情的重视 My mom makes a point of cooking breakfast for me every morning. 我妈妈特意每天早上给我做早餐。 He makes a point of reviewing his English notes before exams. 他特意在考试前复习英语笔记。 We should make a point of keeping our classroom clean—it’s our shared space.我们应该特意保持教室干净，这是我们共同的空间。 【典例分析】 1.To improve his spoken English, Mike always ____ talking with his foreign classmates for 15 minutes every day. A. makes fun of B. makes a point of C. makes use of D. makes sure of 【答案】B 【解析】句意：为了保持健康，李爷爷总是特意每天早上在公园散步半小时。A. makes fun of 取笑；B. makes a point of 特意做、坚持做；C. makes use of 利用；D. makes sure of 确保。结合 “每天坚持散步” 的语境，“特意做某事” 符合语义，故选 B。 2.汤姆每天晚上睡觉前一定要读一些书，因为他认为这有助于提高他的理解能力。(完成句子) Tom ______ ______ _____ _______doing some reading before going to bed every night, because he thinks it helps improve his comprehension. 【答案】makes a point of 要点3 exercise exercise是初中高频词，可作动词和名词“锻炼、运动，运用、练习” 一、作动词（v.）：锻炼；练习；运用 含义 1：（身体）锻炼 常见搭配：exercise + 身体部位。如 legs, arms ；exercise regularly定期锻炼 含义 2：练习（技能、语言等） 常见搭配：exercise + 技能名词。如 ：English, piano, writing。 My father exercises his legs by walking after dinner. 我爸爸晚饭后散步来锻炼腿部。 She often exercises her English by talking with foreign teachers. 她经常通过和外教聊天来练习英语。 He doesn’t exercise in the morning because he gets up late. 他早上不锻炼，因为起得晚。 二、作名词（n.）：锻炼；运动；练习；习题 含义 1：（身体）锻炼（不可数名词） 常见搭配：do exercise做锻炼、take exercise进行锻炼、 含义 2：一套动作；运动项目（可数名词，复数 exercises） 常见搭配：morning exercises早操、eye exercises眼保健操 含义 3：练习；习题（可数名词，复数 exercises） 常见搭配：math exercises数学习题、do exercises做练习 Doing more exercise helps you stay healthy.多做锻炼能帮你保持健康。 We have to do morning exercises at 8 o’clock every school day. 每个上学日我们都要在 8 点做早操。 The teacher asked us to finish the English exercises on Page 20. 老师让我们完成第 20 页的英语习题。 【典例分析】 1.我们每天做眼保健操。（翻译） 【答案】We do eye exercises every day. 2.每天锻炼能强身健体。（翻译2种） 【答案】Exercising every day can build up your body.=Doing exercise every day can build up your body. 3.The runners go to the gym to (锻炼) every day. 【答案】exercise 动词。 4. My grandmother does morning ________ every day. It is good for her to take ________. A．an exercise；exercise B．exercises；exercise C．the exercises；exercises D．an exercise；exercises 【答案】B 【解析】此题用词语应用法。根据第一句“我的祖母每天做早________。”可推断此处表示“体操”，第二句“对她来说进行________ 是有益的。”可推断此处指“锻炼”。故选B。 5.Mr Smith takes some _______ every morning to keep healthy, for example, running. A. exercise B. photos C. advice D. notes 【答案】A 【解析】A 本题考查名词辨析。句意：史密斯先生为了健康，每天进行晨炼，比如：跑步。A. take some exercise锻炼； B. take some photos拍照片C. take some advice采纳建议； D. take some notes记笔记。根据后面例子running跑步可知，是进行晨练。故选A。 6. You should________ if you want to be fitter. A. take more exercises B. do exercises C. get some exercises D. take more exercise 【答案】D 【解析】exercise作“锻炼”讲是不可数名词，作“习题”讲时，是可数名词。句意：如果你想要更健康，你应该多做锻炼。 要点4 Connect Connect 连接；联系；接通 connect (to/with sth.) 表示 “（设备）联网；（人）建立联系” You can connect the phone to the computer with a USB cable. 你可以用 USB 线把手机和电脑连接起来。 We should connect study with real life.我们应该把学习和真实生活联系起来。 The TV can connect to the Internet directly.这台电视可以直接联网。 二、同根词 Connection（名词）连接；联系；关系 make a connection（建立连接 / 联系） have a connection with（与…… 有关联） be connected to/with 与…… 相连 / 有关联 All the smart homes are connected to one system. 所有智能家居都连接到一个系统。 1. be connected with (强调抽象联系 / 逻辑关系，不强调物理连接）。 Study is connected with your future life.学习与你未来的生活相关。 His work is connected with environmental protection.他的工作与环保有关。 She is connected with many famous scientists.她和许多著名科学家有联系。 2. be connected to 物理连接 / 设备连接： The hose is connected to the water tap.水管连接到水龙头。 All devices are connected to the same network.所有设备都连接到同一个网络。 【典例分析】 1.香港和深圳由罗湖桥连接着。(完成句子) Hong Kong and Shenzhen ________ ___________ by Luohu Bridge. 2这座桥将这个岛和大陆连接了起来。(完成句子) The bridge _______________ the island __________ the mainland. 3.We need a wireless _____________ （connect） 【答案】1.are connected 2.connects to 3.connection 4.I can't ______ my computer to the Internet. Can you help me? A. connect B. contact C. conduct D. contract 【答案】A 【解析】句意为 “我无法把我的电脑连接到网络，你能帮我吗”。A 选项 “connect” 有 “连接” 的意思，“connect...to...” 是固定搭配，表示 “把…… 连接到……”，符合语境；B 选项 “contact” 意为 “联系”；C 选项 “conduct” 有 “实施、进行” 等含义；D 选项 “contract” 作动词时意为 “收缩；订立合同”，均不符合此处把电脑和网络连接的意思，所以选 A。 5.You can ______ with people from all over the world through social media. A. connect B. contact C. combine D. compare 【答案】A 【解析】本句意思是 “你可以通过社交媒体和来自世界各地的人建立联系”。A 选项 “connect with” 有 “与…… 建立联系、交往” 的意思，符合通过社交媒体和世界各地人交流的语境；B 选项 “contact” 作 “联系” 讲时，一般是 “contact sb.”，而不是 “contact with sb.”；C 选项 “combine” 意为 “结合、联合”；D 选项 “compare” 意为 “比较”，均不符合此处表达和人建立联系的意思，所以选 A。 要点5 make up make up意为编造（故事、谎言等）。 The story is made up. 这个故事是虚构的。 be made up of 由…组成 make up除了有“编造”的意思外，还有以下含义： （1）make sb./oneself up意为＂给某人/自己化妆 ＂ She makes herself up every morning. 她每天早上都给自己化妆。 （2）构成，组成 Girl students make up only 40% of the students. 女生仅占（全部）学生的40%。 （3）和好，言归于好 He usually makes up with his wife the same day. 他和他妻子（吵架）通常当天言归于好。 【典例分析】 1. Mrs. Wang always asks us to ________ conversations in the English classes. A. make up B. turn up C. end up D. look up 【答案】A 【解析】句意：张老师总是在英语课堂上让我们编对话。 考查动词短语。make up编造；turn up 开大；end up 结束；look up查找。根据常识可知“张老师总是在英语课堂上让我们编对话。”故选A。 2．Tony couldn't find a good excuse (理由) for being late，so he ________ one ________. A．put，up B．made，up C．picked，up D．dressed，up 【答案】B 【解析】 B 本题考查动词短语辨析。题意：托尼找不到迟到的好理由了，所以他编造了一个。put up 挂起来，举起；make up编造；pick up捡起，去接某人；dress up打扮。根据常识可知，撒谎的人通常是编造理由。故选B。 要点6 as well as的用法 as well as表示“不仅……而且……”，强调as well as前面的内容。as well as连接主语时，其谓语动词的人称和数应与as well as之前的名词或代词保持一致。此外，as well as还可表示“和……一样好”。 那个女孩不仅能讲英语，还能讲中文。 The girl can speak English as well as Chinese. = The girl can speak both English and Chinese. = The girl can speak not only English but also Chinese. 简和她的父母今晚要去看电影。 Jane as well as her parents is going to the cinema tonight. 简的父母和她今晚要去看电影。 Jane’s parents as well as Jane are going to the cinema tonight. as well as和not only. . . but also. . . 的区别 【自主归纳】as well as的用法 词　组 用　法 as well as 连接名词或代词作主语时, 强调1. , 谓语动词2. not only. . .but also. . . 连接名词或代词作主语时, 强调3. , 谓语动词4. , 即5.“ ”原则 【点拨】1.前面的内容。 2. 其谓语动词的人称和数应与as well as之前的名词或代词保持一致。 3. but also后面的内容。4. 其谓语动词的人称和数应与but also之后的名词或代词保持一致 。5.就近原则。 【典例分析】 1. Not only his wife but also his children were invited to the party. His children __________ __________ __________ his wife were invited to the party. 【点拨】as well as 2. I like singing as well as dancing. I like singing, I like dancing __________ __________. 【点拨】as well.当后面没有宾语时不加as。 3.每逢周末, 托尼不仅可以看电视, 而且可以上网。 On weekends, Tony can go online __________ __________ __________watch TV. 【点拨】as well as 4—How can I speak English ______ ______ _______ _____(与你一样好), Rose? —Practice makes perfect. 【点拨】as well as 这里 as well as表示“和……一样好”。 5,John 和Peter 在电影院看见Jolie 时，都很吃惊 _______ ________ John ______ ________ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema. = _______ John ______ Peter ________ surprised when they saw Jolie in the cinema. 【点拨】Not only but also was 遵从“就近原则” Both and were 既。。。又。 要点7 especially Especially 核心含义是 “尤其；特别”，主要用于强调某个人、事物或情况在众多同类中更突出、更重要，让表达的重点更清晰。 This story is interesting, especially the ending part. 这个故事很有趣，尤其是结尾部分。 He runs fast, especially in the final 100 meters. 他跑得很快，尤其是在最后 100 米的时候。 I like fruits, especially apples.我喜欢水果，尤其喜欢苹果。 English is useful, especially for students. 英语很有用，尤其对学生来说。 【典例分析】 1. There are smiles everywhere, ______________ on the faces of children. A. nearly B. especially C. finally D. luckily 【答案】B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：到处都是微笑，尤其是在孩子们脸上的笑容。A. nearly差不多；B. especially尤其是；C. finally最后；D. luckily幸运地。根据句意可知，此处需用especially表强调，意为：尤其是”孩子们的脸上的微笑，故选B。 2. —As we know, it’s very difficult to live in a foreign country like the UK, the US and so on. —I agree. _____________ if you don't understand the local language. A. Especially B. Generally C. Naturally D. Exactly 【答案】A 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：——众所周知，在英国、美国等国家生活是非常困难的。——我同意。尤其是如果你不了解当地的语言。Especially特别；尤其；Generally通常；普遍地；Naturally自然地；Exactly恰好地。根据语境可知，应选A。 7. Making dumplings is an important activity for many families on New Year’s Eve, ________ in Northern China. A. suddenly B. especially C. heavily D. differently 【答案】B 【解析】句意：对许多家庭来说，除夕夜包饺子是一项重要的活动，尤其是在中国北方。 考查副词辨析。suddenly突然；especially尤其是；heavily沉重地；differently不同地。根据“Making dumplings is an important activity for many families...in Northern China”可知，此处表达除夕夜包饺子是一项重要的活动，尤其是在中国北方。故选B。 要点8 diet “饮食、日常膳食”，也可特指 “节食（为控制体重）”。 含义 1：日常饮食（泛指平时吃的食物，不可数或可数，常用单数） daily diet日常饮食、healthy diet健康饮食、balanced diet均衡饮食。 含义 2：节食（可数名词） go on a diet开始节食、be on a diet正在节食、a strict diet严格的节食。 Eating vegetables and fruits is good for a healthy diet. 吃蔬菜和水果有助于健康饮食。 A balanced diet can help us stay strong and avoid illness. 均衡的饮食能帮我们保持强壮，远离疾病。 She wants to lose weight, so she decides to go on a diet next week. 她想减肥，所以决定下周开始节食。 【典例分析】 1.A balanced ______ can provide our bodies with necessary nutrients to stay strong. A. meal B. drink C. diet D. snack 【答案】C 【解析】句意：均衡的饮食能为我们的身体提供必要的营养，让我们保持强壮。考查名词辨析。meal 一餐；drink 饮品；diet 饮食；snack 零食。“balanced”（均衡的）常用来修饰 “饮食”，强调长期的饮食结构，而非单一的一餐或零食，此处指 “均衡饮食”，故选 C。 2. My doctor advised me to have a healthy d______ and avoid too much sweet food to protect my teeth. 【答案】diet 【解析】句意：医生建议我保持健康的饮食，避免吃太多甜食以保护牙齿。结合首字母 “d” 和 “healthy”“avoid too much sweet food” 可知，此处指与饮食相关的内容，“diet”（饮食）符合语义，故填 diet。 3.露西正在节食，因为她希望在生日派对前瘦一点。（完成句子） Lucy ______ ______ ______ ______ because she hopes to lose some weight before her birthday party. 【答案】is on a diet 要点9 maintain maintain维持；保持；维护，侧重通过持续的努力让某物或某种状态不改变。 maintain a habit保持习惯、 maintain health维持健康、 maintain order维持秩序； maintain grades保持成绩、 maintain cleanliness保持清洁、 maintain friendship维持友谊。 We should maintain a regular sleep schedule to keep our brains active. 我们应该保持规律的作息，让大脑保持活跃。 Regular communication helps maintain a good friendship between classmates. 定期沟通有助于维持同学间的良好友谊。 It’s important to maintain a positive attitude when facing difficulties. 面对困难时，保持积极的态度很重要。 “maintain” 和 “remain” 都有 “保持” 的含义，但词性、用法和侧重点完全不同 1. maintain：主动 “维持”，及物动词（必须接宾语） We need to maintain a balanced diet by eating more vegetables. 我们需要通过多吃蔬菜来维持均衡饮食。 “维持饮食” 是主动的行为，需要 “多吃蔬菜” 的努力，后接名词 “a balanced diet” 作宾语 2. remain：自然 “保持”，系动词 / 不及物动词（不接宾语） The room remains clean even after many students use it 即使很多学生用过，这个房间依然保持干净。 “保持干净” 是房间自身的状态，无需人为刻意努力，后接形容词 “clean” 说明状态，无宾语 After the party, he remained in the hall for a few minutes. 派对结束后，他在大厅里停留了几分钟。 “停留” 是他自然的状态，后接介词短语 “in the hall” 说明位置，无宾语 【典例分析】 1.It’s important to ______ a regular study habit if you want to improve your grades. A. create B. maintain C. break D. change 【答案】B 【解析】句意：如果你想提高成绩，保持规律的学习习惯很重要。考查动词辨析。create 创造；maintain 保持；break 打破；change 改变。根据 “a regular study habit” 和 “improve your grades” 可知，此处指 “保持” 好习惯，故选 B。 2.To ______ good grades, you need to listen carefully in class and finish homework on time. 【答案】maintain 3.互相理解和尊重是维持良好友谊的关键。（完成句子） Understanding and respecting each other is the key to ______ ______ ______ ______. 【答案】maintaining a good friendship 4. You need to water the plants regularly to ______ their fresh look, or they will soon lose moisture and not remain green. A. maintain B. remain C. destroy D. reduce 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你需要定期给植物浇水以保持它们新鲜的样子，否则它们很快会流失水分，不再保持翠绿。 考查动词辨析。maintain 维持、保持（及物动词，后接宾语）；remain 保持、停留（不及物动词，不直接接宾语）；destroy 破坏；reduce 减少。第一空后有宾语 “their fresh look”，需用及物动词，结合 “定期浇水” 的动作，是为了 “维持” 植物的新鲜样子，故选 A。 要点10 Last but not least Last but not least “最后但同样重要的是”，主要强调最后一项虽然排在末尾，但重要性不低于前面的内容，让表达更有条理且突出重点。 To finish the project, we got help from Tom, Lucy, and last but not least, our teacher Mr. Li. 为了完成这个项目，我们得到了汤姆、露西的帮助，最后但同样重要的是，还有我们的老师李老师。 o improve your English, you should read more, practice speaking often, and last but not least, keep a diary in English every day. 要提高英语，你应该多阅读、常练习口语，最后但同样重要的是，每天用英语写日记。 【典例分析】 1.保持健康需要：早睡早起、多做运动，最后但同样重要的是，每天吃足量的蔬菜。(完成句子) To keep healthy, you need to go to bed and get up early, do more exercise; ______ ______ ______ ______, eat enough vegetables every day. 【答案】Last but not least 要点11 plenty of （1）plenty of 意为“大量的，充足的”，相当于a lot of, 既可与可数名词连用，又可与不可数名词连用。例如： I have plenty of time. 我有很多时间。 The room contained plenty of guests. 屋里有很多客人。 （2）plenty of +名词，作主语时，其谓语动词的数要与名词的数相一致。例如： There is plenty of work to be done. 有很多工作要做。 Plenty of students have come. 来了许多学生。 （3）in plenty 表示“大量；丰富；充裕”。例如： There is food and drink in plenty. 有大量的食物和饮料。 【拓展】 （1）a great deal of +不可数名词，表示“大量的”。例如： They need a great deal of food. 他们需要大量的食物。 （2）a great number of +复数名词，表示“许多的”。例如： Chinese is spoken by a great number of people in the world. 世界上许多人说汉语。 【典例分析】 1.—What do you think of the old song? —I like it very much. It provides ________ information about the singer's childhood. A. plenty of B. kind of C. a few D. a lot 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你觉得这首老歌怎么样？——我非常喜欢它。它提供了歌手的很多童年信息。 考查形容词短语。plenty of很多，大量的，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词；kind of稍微，有点儿，副词短语，修饰形容词、动词等；a few少许，有一些，修饰可数名词复数；a lot很，非常，副词短语，修饰形容词、动词等。根据题干可知，information为不可数名词，可用plenty of修饰，意为“大量信息”。故选A。 2.—There is 　　 room for improvement in your work.  —Thank you. I must work harder. A. a few　　 B. lot of　 　 C. plenty of D. a lot 【答案】C　 【解析】本题考查plenty of的固定搭配,该短语意为“许多;大量”,可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。结合本题语境可知,你的工作还有许多提升空间,故答案为C。 3. Mr. White owns ________ books in his personal library. A．plenty of B．a plenty of C．a great deal of D．the number of 【答案】A 【解析】句意：怀特先生在他的私人图书馆里拥有大量的书籍。 考查形容词辨析。plenty of许多，大量，修饰可数名词或者不可数名词；a great deal of大量，许多，修饰不可数名词；the number of……的总数。books是可数名词复数，结合句意，故选A。 要点12 tend “倾向于；照料”，其中 “tend to” 是最常用的搭配，表 “倾向于；往往会”， I tend to get up early on school days.上学日我往往会早起。 She tends to listen to music when she feels tired. 她感到累的时候，往往会听音乐。 Winter days tend to be short and cold.冬天的日子往往又短又冷。 The nurse tended the sick child carefully.护士细心地照顾那个生病的孩子。 一句话总结（初中易记） 想表达 “往往会做某事、有某种习惯”，用 tend to do sth 想表达 “照料人 / 动植物”，用 tend + 宾语（如 tend the plants）。 【典例分析】 要点13 （1）sense此处用作及物动词，意为“感觉到；意识到”。 He sensed danger and stopped. 他意识到了危险，停了下来。 She sensed that something had happened to her family. 她感觉到她家出事了。 拓展：sense还可用作名词，意为“感觉；意识”，其后常接介词of。 When you touch ice, you have a sense of coldness. 当你摸冰的时候，你会有冷的感觉。 She has no sense of business. 她没有经商意识。 与sense相关的短语 make sense 合情理，有意义，一般不用于被动语态。 make sense of 理解；明白 例：So it seems to make sense to let more people join in the discussion. 因此，让更多的人参与到讨论中似乎是合情合理的。 【典例分析】 1.I am sure Cindy will be able to find the hotel—she has a pretty good 　　 　 of direction.  A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense 【答案】 D　 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。由前面“我相信辛迪能找到宾馆”可知“她有很好的方向感”,固定短语have a pretty good sense of direction,故选D。 2. Don't believe him. His words don't ________． A. take a sense B. take sense C. make a sense D. make sense 【答案】D 【解析】 句意：不要相信他，他的话没有道理。考查动词短语make sense，意为“有道理，有意义”。根据语境可知答案选D。 3.My mother has a poor 　 　　of direction, so she is always afraid to go out alone.  A. scene B. silence C. service D. sense 【答案】D　 【解析】scene意为“场景;情景”;silence意为“寂静”;service意为“服务”;sense意为“感觉;意识”。根据后半句句意“因此她总是害怕独自出去”可知前半句句意为“我妈妈方向感差”。故选D。 4.I arrived home late this evening. I could ________ a strong feeling of anger from my mom, because she was strangely silent. A. look B. sense C. smell D. remain 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我今天晚上很晚才到家。我能感觉到妈妈强烈的愤怒，因为她出奇的沉默。 考查动词辨析。look看；sense感到；smell闻；remain保持。根据语境可知，此处应是“我能感觉到妈妈强烈的愤怒”，故此处应用sense感到。故选B。 5.这篇短文生词太多, 我读不懂。 This passage has too many new words that I can’t ________ _______ ________it. 【答案】make sense of make sense of 理解；明白 要点14 Loss 表示 “失去；损失；亏损” Her loss of memory made her family very worried.她的失忆让家人非常担心。 The loss of his best friend changed his life a lot. 失去最好的朋友对他的生活影响很大。 The company suffered a big loss last year.这家公司去年亏损严重。 Lose 表示 “丢失；失去；输掉” I lost my wallet on the bus this morning.今天早上我在公交车上丢了钱包 He lost his father when he was only 5. 他 5 岁时就失去了父亲。 Our team lost the football match yesterday. 我们队昨天输掉了足球比赛。 【典例分析】 1.Regular reading can help prevent memory ______ as we get older, according to the doctor. A. cost B. loss C. mess D. stress 【答案】B 【解析】句意：医生说，随着年龄增长，定期阅读有助于预防记忆力衰退。考查名词辨析。cost 花费；loss 丧失、衰退；mess 混乱；stress 压力。“memory loss” 是固定搭配，意为 “记忆力衰退”，符合 “年龄增长与记忆” 的语境，故选 B。 2.He was very sad because he ______（lose）his new bike on his way home yesterday. 【答案】lost 3.The ______（lose）of his phone made it hard for him to keep in touch with his friends. 【答案】loss 4.The company suffered a big l______because of the bad market, so it had to cut some jobs. 【答案】loss 要点15 list 1)作为名词，意为“名单；清单”。常用于以下表达中： ①(make)a list of,意为“(列一张)……的清单”。 My grandmother always makes a list of things she needs before going shopping. 我奶奶总是在购物之前列一张她需要的物品清单。 ②make a shopping list,意为“列购物清单”。 Let’s make a shopping list before we go, shall we? 让我们出发前列一张购物清单，好吗？ 2）作为及物动词，意为“列清单”。 Please list the things we need before we set out. 请在我们出发前把我们需要的物品列一张清单。 【典例分析】 1.请列出有喜欢的食物清单。 Please _______ _______ ________ _________your favourite food.  =Please ___________ your favourite food 【答案】make a list of (列一张)……的清单 list 列清单 2.这里是购物清单。 Here is the __________ ________.  【答案】shopping list. List名词“清单” 3.Before going shopping, my mom usually writes a _____ of things she needs to buy to avoid forgetting anything. A. list B. note C. story D. plan 【答案】A 【解析】句意：去购物前，妈妈通常会写一张需要买的东西的清单，以免忘记什么。考查名词辨析。list 清单；note 便条；story 故事；plan 计划。根据 “things she needs to buy” 可知，记录要买的东西的是 “清单”，“write a list” 为常用搭配，符合语境，故选 A。 4.If you have many tasks to do today, you can make a l______ and finish them one by one. 【答案】list 要点16 Mental 精神的、脑力的、心理的。 副词形式 mentally mental health心理健康 mental state精神状态与 mental activity脑力活动 mental ability智力 mental problems心理问题 mental stress精神压力 We need to do more mental activities to keep our brains active. 我们需要做更多脑力活动来保持大脑活跃。 She is not only physically strong but also mentally healthy. 她不仅身体强壮，而且心理健康。 【典例分析】 1.Doing puzzles and reading books are good for keeping our ______ health, as they make our brains active. A. physical B. mental C. social D. environmental 【答案】B 【解析】句意：玩拼图和读书有助于保持我们的心理健康，因为它们能让大脑保持活跃。考查形容词辨析。physical 身体的；mental 心理的、精神的；social 社会的；environmental 环境的。根据 “make our brains active”（让大脑活跃）可知，此处指 “心理健康”，“mental health” 为固定搭配，符合语境，故选 B。 2.Long-term lack of sleep can make people ______（mental）tired, even if they don’t do much physical work. 【答案】mentally 3.像思考、记忆和解决问题这样的脑力活动能帮助我们提升思维能力。（完成句子） ______ ______ like thinking, remembering and solving problems can help us improve our thinking skills. 【答案】Mental activities 要点17 sign 可作名词或动词，核心含义是 “标志、迹象、信号”。 1. 名词 表示 “标志；指示牌”：用于指明方向、规则或信息的标识。 表示 “迹象；征兆”：显示某种情况或事实的表现。 1.There is a “No Smoking” sign in the library. 图书馆里有一个 “禁止吸烟” 的标志。 2.Dark clouds are a sign that it will rain.乌云是要下雨的迹象。 3.She gave me a sign to come over.她给了我一个让我过去的信号。 sign、mark、symbol 的区别 单词 核心含义 常见用法场景 简单例句 sign 标志（指示信息）、迹象（显示情况） 指示牌、天气 / 身体的征兆、手势信号等 The sign on the door says “Closed”.门上的标志写着 “关门”。 A fever is a sign of illness.发烧是生病的迹象。 mark 记号（人为留下）、痕迹（自然 / 人为） 书写标记、污渍痕迹、成绩分数等 She made a mark on the map with a pen. 她用钢笔在地图上做了个记号。 There are marks of dirt on the shirt. 衬衫上有污渍痕迹。 symbol 象征（代表抽象意义） 代表国家、理念、文化的符号或象征物 The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。 The red flag is a symbol of our country. 红旗是我们国家的象征。 简单总结： 看到 “指示牌、征兆”，想到 sign； 看到 “人为记号、留下的痕迹”，想到 mark； 看到 “代表抽象意义的象征”，想到 symbol。 【典例分析】 1.You can see a “No Smoking” ______ on the wall of the library, so you mustn’t smoke there. A. sign B. picture C. map D. note 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你能在图书馆的墙上看到一个 “禁止吸烟” 的标志，所以你不能在那里抽烟。考查名词辨析。sign 标志；picture 图片；map 地图；note 便条。“No Smoking” 是典型的提示性 “标志”，符合图书馆的场景要求，故选 A。 3. There is a ______（s）at the school gate that says “Welcome to Our School” to greet visitors. 【答案】sign 4.The red cross is a well-known ______ of help and medical care around the world. A. mark B. symbol C. image D. sign 【答案】B 【解析】句意：红十字是全球公认的帮助和医疗护理的象征。考查名词辨析。mark 标记（侧重具体痕迹）；symbol 象征（侧重抽象意义）；image 图像；sign 标志（侧重指示功能）。红十字代表 “帮助和医疗” 的抽象意义，是一种 “象征”，故选 B。 5.Please put a small ______ next to the words you don’t understand, so you can check them later. A. mark B. symbol C. image D. sign 【答案】A 【解析】句意：请在你不懂的单词旁边做个小标记，方便之后查阅。考查名词辨析。mark 标记（具体的记号）；symbol 象征；image 图像；sign 标志。在单词旁做的是具体 “标记”，故选 A。 6.The ______ of a smiling face on the app means that your message has been sent successfully. A. mark B. symbol C. image D. sign 【答案】C 【解析】句意：应用程序上的笑脸图像表示你的消息已成功发送。考查名词辨析。mark 标记；symbol 象征；image 图像（视觉呈现的画面）；sign 标志。“smiling face” 是视觉上的 “图像”，故选 C。 7.You must follow the traffic ______ when crossing the road, or it may be dangerous. A. mark B. symbol C. image D. sign 【答案】D 【解析】句意：过马路时必须遵守交通标志，否则可能有危险。考查名词辨析。mark 标记；symbol 象征；image 图像；sign 标志（用于指示、警示的标识）。“traffic sign” 是固定搭配，指 “交通标志”，故选 D。 要点18 particular particular “特定的；特别的；挑剔的”。 Do you have a particular color you like for your new bag? 你对新书包有特别喜欢的颜色吗？ She is very particular about her food—she doesn’t eat spicy things. 她对食物很挑剔，不吃辣的东西。（be particular about对…… 挑剔 / 讲究） I remember this story because it happened on a particular day. 我记得这个故事，因为它发生在某一个特定的日子。 【典例分析】 1.My grandma has a ______ chair in the living room—she only sits there to read newspapers every afternoon. A. common B. particular C. strange D. new 【答案】B 【解析】句意：奶奶在客厅里有一把特定的椅子 —— 她每天下午只坐在那里看报纸。考查形容词辨析。common 普通的；particular 特定的；strange 奇怪的；new 新的。根据 “only sits there” 可知，这是奶奶 “特定的” 椅子，符合 “专指某一个” 的语境，故选 B。 2.My little sister is quite p______ about her food—she never eats vegetables with green leaves. 【答案】particular 3.汤姆对穿的衣服很挑剔，只喜欢穿纯棉材质的。（完成句子） Tom ______ ______ ______ the clothes he wears—he only likes to wear cotton ones. 【答案】is particular about 4.This museum has a ______ section for ancient coins, where you can see rare collections from different dynasties. A. special B. common C. particular D. specific 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这家博物馆有一个专门陈列古钱币的区域，在那里你能看到来自不同朝代的稀有藏品。考查形容词辨析。special 特别的（强调与众不同）；common 普通的；particular 特定的（侧重专指某一部分）；specific 具体的（强调明确细节）。此处指博物馆中 “专门用于陈列古钱币” 的特定区域，侧重 “专指的一部分”，故选 C。 要点19 figure out 是动词短语 “弄懂；算出；推理出，找到（解决办法）” Can you figure out this math problem?你能算出这道数学题吗？ I need to figure out how to get to the park.我得弄明白怎么去公园。 She spent an hour figuring out the new game. 她花了一个小时才弄明白这个新游戏怎么玩。 【典例分析】 1.I spent half an hour trying to ______ how to use this new app, and finally I got it right. A. figure out B. look up C. put away D. take off 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我花了半小时努力弄明白如何使用这个新应用，最后终于弄会了。考查动词短语辨析。figure out 弄明白、解决；look up 查阅（词典等）；put away 收拾好；take off 起飞、脱下。结合 “how to use this new app” 和 “finally I got it right” 可知，此处指 “弄明白” 使用方法，故选 A。 2.请仔细阅读说明书，这样你就能弄明白如何组装这个玩具了。（完成句子） Please read the instruction carefully, so you can ______ ______ how to put this toy together. 【答案】figure out 【解析】“figure out” 表示 “弄明白、搞清楚”，空前有情态动词 “can”，后接动词原形，故填 figure out。 要点20 even though 是连词短语，核心含义是 “即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句 Even though it rained heavily, we still went to the park. 尽管雨下得很大，我们还是去了公园。 She kept working even though she felt tired.尽管她觉得累，还是继续工作. even though 与 though/although 都表 “尽管”，但有细微差异。 连词短语 语气强度 特殊用法 例句对比 even though 较强（突出 “让步”） 不用于句末，只能引导从句 Even though it was late, we kept studying.（√） though 较弱 可用于句末（作副词） It was late. We kept studying, though.（√） although 中等 不用于句末，正式程度高 Although it was late, we kept studying.（√） 【典例分析】 根据汉语完成句子。 1.即使知道是无望的，我也坚持尝试。 I kept on trying, ______ _________ I knew it was hopeless. 【答案】even though/if 2.尽管雨下得很大，农民们仍然在农场里工作。 __________ ___________it’s raining hard, the farmers are still working on the farm. 【答案】even though/if 3.Many children ask their parents to give money to charity buy them snacks. A. later on B. even though C. rather than D. in order to 【答案】C四个选项的含义分别是：later on后来；even though尽管；rather than而不是；in order to为的是。句意为“许多孩子要父母把钱捐给慈善机构，而不是给他们买零食”，故rather than符合题意。 4. I don't like eating vegetables________ I know they are good for my health. A. since B. even though C. because D. as soon as 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我不喜欢吃蔬菜，尽管我知道他们对我的健康有好处。A. since自从；B. even though即使，纵然；C. because因为；D. as soon as一……就。这里是引导让步状语从句。根据题意，故选B。 要点21 so that so…that （高频考题） so …that… 如此……以至于…… You can make up a story to link items in a list so that you will remember them.(课文句子重现) “so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句”； so…that 意思是“如此…以至于…” 拓展：如果名词被many, much, few, little等词修饰，则名词前不用such而用so。 so that so that表示“以便”， 用来引导目的状语从句。相当于in order that, 从句中常用can, could, may, might等情态动词. 【典例分析】 1. He has to earn lots of money _____ he can buy his children nice food and clothes. A. so that B. such that C. that D. in order 【答案】A句意：他必须挣很多钱才能给孩子们买好的食物和衣服。So that 表示目的状语从句。 2.Santaishan Forest Park is __________ beautiful that it has become a hot tourist attraction. A. so B. very C. such D. quite 【答案】A句意：三台山森林公园是如此美丽，它已经成为一个热门的旅游景点。考查副词辨析。so/such that是固定结构，表示“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句，可排除BD两项；so修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词或名词性短语。本句beautiful（漂亮的）是形容词，需用so修饰；根据句意结构和语境，可知选A。 3. I’ve had _______ many falls that I am black and blue all over. A. so B. such C. too D. very 【答案】A句意：我摔了很多跤，全身青一块紫一块。当名词前有many, little, few, much等表示大小多少的词来修饰时，只能用so, 不能用such 4. The camera is _______ expensive _______ I can’t afford it. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 【答案】A句意：这照相机太贵了，我买不起。A. so+adj/adv+that+句子“如此……以至于……”；B. “such a/an+adj+可数名词单数+that+句子”或者“such+adj+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that+句子”“如此……以至于”； C. too adj to do“太……以至于不能……”；D. enough; to 足够。。。以致能 5. It was ______ yesterday that they went out for a picnic. A. a such fine day B. such a fine day C. so a fine day D. a so fine day 【答案】B句意：昨天天气这么好，他们出去野餐了。主语+谓语+so+adj+a/an+单数名词+that 从句。本句亦可以表达成：so fine a day. 答案也正确。 6.Jim is so young that he can’t look after himself. (改为同义句) ①Jim is __________young __________look after himself. 1 Jim is __________ old __________ __________ look after himself. 【答案】too。。。to 太。。。而不能。 not enough 不够。。。以致不能。 7. They trained ___________ harder than before ____________ they could win the match. A. too ; to B. so ; that C. such ; that D. / ; so that 【答案】D 句意：他们比以前训练的更加刻苦目的是为了他们能赢得这场比赛。考查易混练习辨析。根据句尾的they could win the match是前面trained harder的目的，所有选择表示目的的连词。故选D。 8. 她说得那么快，我几乎听不清她所说的话。 She spoke ____________ fast ____________ I could ___________ hear what she said clearly. 【答案】so that hardly 9.为了让大家可以明白，他说得很慢。 He spoke slowly ________ ________ everyone ________ ________. 【答案】so that could understand 10. 我激动得睡不着。 I was ________ ________ ___________ I couldn’t fall asleep. I was ________ ________ __________ fall asleep. 【答案】so excited that too excited to 要点22 relax (1) relaxed是形容词，意为“某人感到轻松、放松、不受拘束的”。指某人“感到”轻松。通常用来形容人。有类似用法的词有interested\excited\surprised\bored\tired。例如： He is feeling relaxed. = He is relaxed. 他感到很轻松。 The song can make me relaxed. 这首歌让我感到轻松。 (2) relaxing是形容词，意为“某事情令人轻松的”，指某事或者某物“令人”轻松。通常用来修饰物或事。有类似用法的词有interesting\exciting\surprising\boring\tiring。例如： The song is relaxing. 这首歌真使人轻松。 You can listen to relaxing music in the bath! 你可以边洗澡边听（令人）轻松的音乐。 【典例分析】 1. 1.Listening to some ________ songs or staying with friends always makes us ________ . A. relaxing; relaxing B. relaxing; relaxed C. relaxed; relaxed D. relaxed; relaxing 【答案】B 【解析】句意：和朋友们一起听着令人放松的歌曲总是让我很放松。 考查形容词辨析。relaxing令人放松的；relaxed放松的。第一空表示音乐的特点是“令人放松的”，故用-ing形式的形容词；第二空表示人很放松的状态，故用-ed形式的形容词作宾补。故选B。 2. As soon as I heard the news that I passed the driving test, I felt _____ at once. A. angry B. relaxed C. afraid D. nervous 【答案】B 【解析】句意: 一听到驾驶考试通过的消息，我立刻感到轻松了。考查形容词不辨析。A. angry生气的; 愤怒的，发怒的 ；B. relaxed 轻松的；自在的；无拘无束的；舒适的； C. afraid恐怕；害怕的；担心的；D. nervous神经质的；紧张不安的；焦虑的。结合句意和语境可知选B。 3.In the future, robots will do jobs in place of people in order not to get us . A. bored; bored B. boring; boring C. boring; bored D. bored; boring 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在未来，机器人将会代替人做无聊的工作，为了不使我们无聊。根据boring无聊的，通常修饰事情或物；bored 无聊的，通常指人感到无聊；故选C 4.—We all like Mr. Wang. —I agree with you. He always makes his English classes　 　. A. interested 　 B. interest　 C. interesting 【答案】C。interested有趣的，修饰人；interesting有趣的，修饰物。his English classes指物故用C。 5.Mr. Wang is an _______ man .He is __________ in telling jokes . A. interesting , interested B. interested , interesting C. interesting , interesting D. interested , interested 【答案】D 句意：王先生是个有趣的人。他对讲笑话很感兴趣。都是修饰人故选D。 知识要点二、语法 If 引导的条件状语句 ◆◆引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if。 if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种（非真实条件句会在以后的虚拟语气中阐述），其引导的真实条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。 1) 如果 if 条件句讲述自然规律，肯定会发生的事情或客观事实，主句和if从句都用一般现在时态。（主现从现） If you take a fish out of water, it dies.如果把鱼从水中拿出，它会死。 2)  在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，谈论将来可能出现的情况时， （主现从现）If you put a piece of paper into water, it gets wet. 如果你把一张纸放进水中，它会变湿。 （主将从现）I’ll buy a car if I have enough money. 如果我有足够的钱， 我会买一辆车。 （主祈从现）Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心。 Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask. 如果你们有问题要问的话，请举手。 (主情从现) If I get there early, I can see the doctor quickly. 如果我早早地到那里， 我就可以快点看病。 【注意】 此处if引导的从句，还可由 when， as soon as(一…就…), （not）…until （直到…才），unless(除非)来引导。 The traffic must stop when the light are red.当红灯亮时，交通必须停止。 I will go home as soon as it stops raining. 雨一停我就回家。 Please don’t leave the office until your friend comes back. 请不要离开直到你朋友回来。 　 Unless引导的条件状语从句 ◆◆unless引导的条件状语从句：unless= if …not “除非, 如果不” ① Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired. = If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk. 我们出去散步吧，除非你太累 ②You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. =If you don’t start earlier, you will fail to arrive there in time. 如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。 ③Unless it rains, the game will be played. = If it doesn’t rain, the game will be played. 除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。 ④My baby sister never cries unless she is hungry. = My baby sister never cries if she isn’t hungry. 我的妹妹不会乱哭，除非她饿了。 ◆◆位置： 由if引导的条件状语从句，可放在主句前面或后面。 If we go to the beach, we need to take sun cream. = We need to take sun cream if we go to the beach. 如果我们去海滩，我们需要带上防晒霜。 【典例分析】 一、用if或unless填空。 1. ______ he wants to see me, you can tell him to wait, 2. ______ it snows tomorrow, we'll have a day or two off. 3. We won't go to his party ______ he invites us. 4. She is sure to pass the examination ______ she is ill. 5. I'll take that computer ______ I have enough money. 6. ______ my grandma wears glasses, she can see better. 7. I won't buy that backpack ______ it costs less than ￥20. 8. ______ I'm tired, I'll have a rest for tea. 【答案】1.if 2.Unless 3.unless 4.Unless 5.if 6.If 7.unless 8.If 二、选择填空 1.If you _____ to join an educational exchange, you must apply for it first. A. want B. wanted C. wants D. wanting 【答案】A 【解析】句意：如果你想参加教育交流，你必须先申请。条件状语从句，“主情从现。” 2 .In hot weather, food goes bad easily ______ it is kept in the fridge. A. because B. if C. unless D. since 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在炎热的天气里，食物除非放在冰箱里，否则很容易变质。 质 。 A. because B. if C. unless D. since A.因为B.如果C.除非D.因为 自从。 3. — May I play the computer game? — No, _____ you promise to finish your homework first. A. unless B. if C. but D. so 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我可以玩电脑游戏吗？ 不，除非你答应先完成作业。 4. They ____ the Great Wall unless it_______ . A. will visit; will rain B. will visit; rains C. visit; will rain D. visit; rains 【答案】B 【解析】句意：除非下雨，否则他们将参观长城。“主将从现” 5. If you take the fish out the water, it ________. A. dies B. will die C. died D. is dying 【答案】A 【解析】句意：如果你把鱼从水里拿出来，它会死。这是一个表现普遍规律的，所以主句用一般现在时态；因主语是it单三，所以谓语动词用单数形式；故选A 6.If you _____ to join an educational exchange, you must apply for it first. A. want B. wanted C. wants D. wanting 【答案】A 【解析】句意：如果你想参加教育交流，你必须先申请。条件状语从句，“主情从现。” 三、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。 1. If he (come) tonight, he will meet you at the party. 2. If the weather (get) worse, we will have to stay inside. 3. If the rain (stop) soon, will you go to the cinema with me? 4. I (buy) a new mobile phone if I (have) enough money. 5. If you (drop) a glass, it (break). 6. If you put sugar into the water, it _____________ (disappear). 7. Unless you do more exercise, you _____________ (lose) weight. 8. The tree ___________ (grow) if you water it. 9. Unless you _____________ (work) hard, you can not pass the exam. 10. If you cool the water, it _____________ (turn) into ice. 【答案】1.comes 2.gets 3.stops 4.will buy have 5 drop breaks 6.dispears 7.will lose 8.will grow 9.work 10.turns 知识要点三、书面表达 【话题分析】 记忆策略指南 本单元以 “The secret of memory” 为主题，属于 “人与自我” 主题语境范畴，聚焦 “认知与学习策略” 子主题。通过探索记忆规律、学习提升记忆的方法及相关语言表达，引导学生在语言实践模仿范文结构，撰写 “记忆小贴士” 短文。写作时，注意下面几点： 一、首先明确要介绍的具体记忆方法。 二、解释技巧是什么（Explain "WHAT"）​ 用简单易懂的语言定义该技巧，让读者快速了解其本质。 三、说明技巧的作用（Explain "WHY"） ​阐述该技巧为何能帮助记忆，即它的优势或原理。 四、给出技巧的使用方法（Explain "HOW"）​ 提供具体、可操作的步骤，指导读者如何运用该技巧。 Basic structure of how to write tips for remembering things. 【短语积累】 1.________________________特意,保证做 2. ________________________锻炼你的大脑 3. ________________________开动脑筋 4. ________________________建立心理关联 5. ________________________编造一个故事 6. ________________________过着健康生活 7. ________________________保持良好的记忆力。 8. ________________________定期进行体育锻炼 9. ________________________最后但同样重要的是 10. ________________________安排时间做某事 11.________________________ 在……中发挥重要作用 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 12.________________________ 演奏一件新乐器 13.________________________ 健康的饮食习惯 14.________________________ 而且，此外 15.________________________ 往往会随着年龄增长而衰退 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 16.________________________ 过度压力 17.________________________ 使用思维导图 18.________________________ 反复练习做某事 19.________________________ 将东西分组 20.________________________激活我们的五官 【答案】 1.Make a point of 2.exercise your brain 3.work your brain 4.make mental connections to 5.make up a story 6.live a healthy life 7.maintain a good memory. 8.regular physical exercise 9.Last but not least 10.make time to do sth. 11. plays an important role in 12. play a new instrument 13. Healthy eating habits 14. What’s more 15. tend to decline with age. 16. get too stressed 17.use mind maps 18. practise doing repeatedly 19. put things into groups 20. Activate our five senses 【句式积累】 翻译下面句子 Part one : 记忆的重要性和改善记忆的方法 1.在学习新技能时，好的记忆力起着至关重要的作用。（play a ..... role） Good memory plays a crucial role in learning new skills. 2.如果我们想在学习中取得进步，拥有良好的记忆力是必要的。 If we want to make progress in study, it is necessary to have a good memory 3.保证尝试新鲜的事物可以保持大脑活跃，提高记忆能力(make a point of ） Making a point of trying new things can keep the brain active and improve memory ability. 4.过一种精神活跃的生活是有帮助的。一定要尝试新事物。 It is helpful to live a mentally active life. Make a point of trying new things. 5.你也可以通过脑力游戏来提高记忆力 You can also improve your memory with brain games。 6.在记忆链接中，你建立心理联系来帮助你记住事情。 In memory linking, you make mental connections to help you remember things. 7.如果你过着健康的生活，你的记忆力会更好。 if you live a healthy life, your memory will work better. 8.研究表明，吃健康的饮食可以提高你的记忆力。 Research shows that eating healthy diets can improve your ability to remember things. 9.如果你压力太大或担心，你的记忆力会变得不那么敏锐。 If you get too stressed or worried, your memory will become less sharp. Part two : 记东西的技巧。(开头句) 1.我喜欢把事情分组来记忆。 I like remembering things by putting things into groups. 2.我认为在脑海中创造有趣的图像是记忆事物的好方法。 I think creating interesting images in your mind is a good way to remember things. 3.多练习是帮助我们记住所学知识的有效方法。​ Doing more practice is an effective way to help us remember what we’ve learned.​ 4.记笔记是记住事情的好方法，俗话说：“好记性不如烂笔头”。 Taking notes is a good way to remember things, as a saying goes:” The palest ink is better than the best memory”. Part two : 记东西的技巧。（中间句） 1.学习英语单词时，我们可以按食物、动物或颜色等主题对它们进行分组。  When learning English words, we can group them by topics like food, animals, or colors. 2.思维导图可以清楚地显示不同想法之间的关系。 Mind maps can show the relationships between different ideas clearly. 3.记笔记时，我们可以写下主要想法和关键细节。 When taking notes, we can write down main ideas and key details. 4.熟能生巧我们练习得越多，对知识就越熟悉。  Practice makes perfect. The more we practice, the more familiar we become with the knowledge.  Part two : 记东西的技巧。（结尾句） 1.它增强了我们的记忆力，帮助我们掌握所学知识。 It strengthens our memory and helps us master what we've learned. 2.这样，你的练习会更有用，你会更好地记住事情！ This way, your practice will be more useful, and you’ll remember things better! 3.这使得知识更令人难忘，学习起来也更有趣。 This makes the knowledge more memorable and fun to learn. 4.它把学习变成了一场游戏，帮助我们记住知识而不感到无聊。 It turns learning into a game and helps us remember knowledge without feeling bored. 【实战演练1】 李华很懊恼，他经常说自己记忆不好，记不住东西，特别是英语单词，请就李华的问题写出关于记忆方法的一段短文，说明你推荐的记忆方法。 Dear Li hua ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Dear Lihua You complain that you often forget things, especially English words, I think doing more practice is an effective way to help us remember what we’ve learned.​ Doing more practice means we repeat activities related to the knowledge we need to remember—like doing exercises, having conversations or solving small problems. For example, if we want to remember English grammar rules, we can do more grammar exercises; if we need to remember math formulas, we can solve more math problems using those formulas. When we practice again and again, our brains can "store" the knowledge more deeply. If we only learn something once, we might forget it soon. But practice helps us review the knowledge and use it in real situations. This makes the memory stronger, so we can recall it easily when we need it.​ 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $