Unit 3 Back to the Past Grammar 表语从句-2024-2025学年高二英语译林版选择性必修第三册

Unit 3 Back to the Past 表语从句练习 一、语法填空 1.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空） If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 【答案】what 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 2.（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer. 答案：why。 解析：考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 3．Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are you eat! 【答案】what 【详解】考查连接代词。句意：一定要有一个强烈的意识，你吃什么就是什么!本句整体是祈使句；that引导的是同位语从句，解释awareness的具体内容；在同位语从句中缺少连接词，且eat后缺少宾语，表示“你吃的东西”，故填what。 4．But the good news is some mountaineers are overtaking it to clean up Qomolangma. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：但好消息是一些登山者现在正在从事清扫珠穆朗玛峰的工作。分析句子机构可知，此处是表语从句，从句some mountaineers are overtaking it to clean up Qomolangma的句子成分和句意都是完整的，所以用连接词that。故填that。 5．The main question is you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：主要的问题是你想把胳膊放在睡袋里面还是外面。引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether引导。故填whether。 6．This is everyone learned to read. 【答案】how 【详解】考查表语从句引导词。句意：这就是每个人学习阅读的方式。分析可知，“_______ everyone learned to read”为表语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，应是连接副词how引导从句。故填how。 7．College is you meet your bridesmaids, groomsmen, neighbors, and potential bosses. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：大学是你遇到你的伴娘、伴郎、邻居和潜在老板的地方。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应用连接副词where。故填where。 8．The most important thing is we can get through the difficult times. 【答案】how 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：最重要的事情是我们如何挺过这个艰难的时期。根据句子结构可知，空格处之后的句子作表语，从句部分主干完整；又根据句意可知，该句表示重要的是找到如何克服困难的方法，应用连接副词how。固定how。 9．Please put the medicine on the top of the shelf. It’s our children can’t reach it. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句的引导词。句意：请把药放在架子顶上。是我们的孩子够不到的地方。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导表语从句，该从句中不缺主语或宾语，主句中It指代的是“the top of the shelf”，是地方，因此从句表示“这是我们的孩子够不到的地方”，因此空格处用表示地方的连接副词where引导表语从句，故填where。 10．Our school is no longer it was 10 years ago, when it was not well equipped. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我们的学校不再是十年前的样子了，那时它还没有很好的设备。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中缺少表语，句子表示“我们的学校不再是十年前的样子了”，空格处用what引导表语从句，故填what。 11．The great thing about music is it can bring people of different cultures together. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：音乐的伟大之处在于它可以将不同文化的人聚集在一起。分析句子可知，设空后是一个表语从句，句子成分和意义都完整，用that引导。故填that。 12．Health is very important for career success and that is you should exercise regularly. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：健康对于事业的成功是非常重要的，这就是为什么你应该经常锻炼。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，句子表示“健康对于事业的成功是非常重要的，这就是为什么你应该经常锻炼”，空格处意为“为什么”，用why引导表语从句。故填why。 13．If you take a look around your kitchen or office, chances are you’ll notice that you are surrounded by plastic water bottles, take-out cups, plastic grocery bags and food packages. 【答案】that 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：如果你看看你的厨房或办公室，很有可能你会注意到你周围都是塑料水瓶、外卖杯、塑料购物袋和食品包装袋。结合句意表示“很有可能……”句型为chances are that…，从句不缺少成分表语句意完整，所以用连接代词that引导表语从句。故填that。 14．It seemed that I had become my parents had wanted me to be. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：似乎我已经成为了我父母希望我成为的样子。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，表语从句中缺少be的表语，根据句意可知，我似乎成了父母希望的“样子”，所以需要what引导。故填what。 15．The number of people working and living in big cities has declined, which is exactly we expected. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：在大城市工作和生活的人数已经下降，这正是我们所期望的。空处引导表语从句，表语从句中缺少宾语，而且为所期望的“事情”，所以用what引导。故填what。 16．An accident happened on the main road. That is traffic seemed to slow suddenly. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：主干道上发生了一起交通事故。这就是为什么交通似乎突然变慢了。本空引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，用why“为什么”引导。故填why。 17．The reason why he didn’t go to school was he caught a heavy cold. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他没去上学的原因是他得了重感冒。分析句子可知，空处引导表语从句，从句“he caught a heavy cold”结构、意义完整，应用that引导。故填that。 18．He failed the exam. That’s he looks so unhappy. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他考试不及格。这就是为什么他看起来那么不高兴。固定句型That’s why...“那就是为什么……”，后接某事产生的结果，连接副词why引导表语从句。故填why。 19．Have you found the red mark(记号) on the map? This is Huashan High School lies. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：你看到地图上红色的记号了吗？这就是华山中学所在的地方。这是一个表语从句，且从句缺少地点状语，故填where。 20．The reason why Tom was absent from class was he was ill. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：汤姆缺课的原因是他病了。设空处接在be动词后，引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分，也不缺少意思，表示“原因”的内容，故用that连接，故填that。 21．What puzzles Lily’s friends is she always has so many crazy ideas. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：让Lily的朋友们困惑的是为什么她总是有那么多疯狂的想法。空处引导表语从句，缺少状语，表示“为什么”，应用连接副词why引导，故填why。 22．Lacking in the spirit of innovation, the small island country remains it was 5 years ago. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：由于缺乏创新精神，这个小岛国仍然是5年前的样子。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少表语，表示“……的样子”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 23．You are saying that women should stay at home rather than going out to work, and this is I disagree. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句连词。句意：你一直强调女性应该待在家里而不是外出工作。这是我不同意的地方。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导表语从句，从句谓语动词disagree为不及物动词，填写where表“不同意的地方（观点）”。故填where。 24．The best times were they had sleepovers and could sit up late talking about anything and everything and everyone. 【答案】when 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：最好的时光是他们在别人家过夜的时候，可以坐到很晚，谈论任何事，每件事和每个人。空处引导表语从句，根据句意可知，引导词表达“当……时候”之意，在从句中作时间状语，用连接副词when引导。故填when。 25．He didn’t finish his homework on time. That is he was punished by the teacher. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他没有按时完成作业，那就是他受到老师惩罚的原因。空处引导表语从句，结合句意可知，此处指“那就是他受到老师惩罚的原因”，强调结果，应用连接副词why引导。故填why。 26．Tang poems are very nice. That’s more and more people are interested in them. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：唐诗很好。这就是为什么越来越多的人对它们感兴趣。空处引导表语从句，结合句意可知，应表示“为什么”，所以此处为连接副词为why引导。故填why。 27．People go for walks less and prefer quiet rest at home. That’s there are marathons and other sports events aimed at encouraging people to move more. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：人们很少散步，更喜欢在家里安静地休息。这就是为什么会有马拉松和其他旨在鼓励人们多运动的体育赛事。空处引导表语从句，从句主干成分完整，但缺少“为什么”之意，应用连接副词why引导从句，作原因状语。故填why。 28．Dreams and confidence are keeps us going on in the face of difficulties. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：梦想和信心是我们在困难面前继续前进的动力。空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，句子表示“梦想和信心是我们在困难面前继续前进的动力”，因此空格处用what引导表语从句，故填what。 29．His suggestion was we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他的建议是我们应该有一个助理。有太多的工作要做。分析句子结构可知，was后应为表语从句，此处缺少表语从句的连接词，从句中不缺少任何成分，故填that。 30．The question is they will agree to it or not. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查连接词。句意：问题是他们是否同意。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是连接词whether...or not“无论……是否”，引导表语从句。故填whether。 二、完成句子 31．那个小姑娘开朗且漂亮，这是我们都喜欢她的原因。 The little girl is outgoing and pretty. . 【答案】That is why we all like her 【详解】考查表语从句。“这是我们都喜欢她的原因”可用连接词why引导的表语从句表达，译为That is why...，“我们都喜欢她”表达为 we all like her。故填That is why we all like her。 32．他感到非常高兴，那是因为他在英语演讲比赛（contest）中获得了一等奖。 He feels happy. . 【答案】That is because he has won the first prize in the English speech contest 【详解】考查表语从句和时态。结合前文的feels可知，“那是因为……”用一般现在时，表达为“that is because+从句”；because引导的表语从句的主语为“他”he，“获得一等奖”译为win the first prize，结合语境，此举阐述了过去发生的事情（获得了一等奖）对现在产生的影响（感到高兴），应用现在完成时，即has won；“在英语演讲比赛中”译为in the English speech contest。故填That is because he has won the first prize in the English speech contest.。 33．汤姆今天早晨睡过头了。那是他上班迟到的原因。（That’s why...） Tom overslept this morning. he was late for work. 【答案】That is why 【详解】考查固定句型和表语从句。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“那是……的原因”，用固定句型That is why，why引导的是表语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填That is why。 34．我想到的是，我们应该与野生动物和谐相处。（that引导表语从句） What came into my mind was . 【答案】that we’re supposed to live in harmony with wildlife 【详解】考查that引导的表语从句和时态。was后接表语从句，句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that，“应该做某事”为“be supposed to do sth”；“与野生动物和谐相处”为live in harmony with wildlife。陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。故填that we’re supposed to live in harmony with wildlife。 35．I didn’t phone her, and . 我没有给她打电话，那就是她对我生气的原因。 【答案】that’s why she got angry with me 【详解】考查表语从句。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“那就的原因”应用that’s why ...，why引导表语从句，这里时态与前文保持一致用一般过去时，get angry with sb，表“生某人的气”，为固定搭配。故填that’s why she got angry with me。 36． Barrett’s father was a dominant and selfish man. 这是因为巴雷特的父亲是一个专横自私的人。 【答案】It was because 【详解】考查表语从句。根据句意，此处表示“这是因为”为because引导的表语从句，表示“这是”为it be，结合从句中的谓语动词was可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语it为第三人称单数，所以be动词为was，位于句首单词，首字母需大写。故填It was because。 37．He was given a warning. he was late for the meeting again. 他受到了警告，那是因为他开会又一次迟到了。 【答案】That is because 【详解】考查表语从句。“那是因为”为That is because，because引导表语从句。故填That is because。 38．The truth was . 事情的真相是宽街水泵抽上来的水被废弃物污染了。 【答案】that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste 【详解】考查表语从句和时态。该空引导表语从句，从句结构完整、不缺成分和意义，用that引导，从句中主语是“宽街水泵抽上来的水”the water from the Broad Street pump，“污染”表示在此之前的事用过去完成时，“水”和infect (污染、使携带病菌)是被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态，表示为had been infected，“被废弃物”用by waste表示，故填that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste。 39．她还说出国留学的一个缺点是我们必须支付更高的学费和生活费，这将使大多数家庭付出一大笔钱。(表语从句) She also said one disadvantage of studying abroad is , which will cost most families an arm and a leg. 【答案】that we must pay higher tuition fees and living expenses 【详解】考查表语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“我们必须支付更高的学费和生活费”，根据空前one disadvantage of studying abroad is可知，is后接表语从句，表示“我们”应用代词we；表示“必须支付”应用短语must pay；表示“更高的学费和生活费”应用短语higher tuition fees and living expenses，从句中不缺成分，不缺含义，应用that引导。故填that we must pay higher tuition fees and living expenses。 40．It they might have made a terrible mistake. 听起来他们似乎犯下了一个可怕的错误。 【答案】sounds as if 【详解】考查动词和表语从句。表示“听起来”应用动词sound，作谓语，陈述目前现状用一般现在时，主语为It，谓语用三单形式；表示“似乎”应用as if引导表语从句。故填sounds as if。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Back to the Past 表语从句练习 一、语法填空 1.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空） If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 2.（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer. 3．Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are you eat! 4．But the good news is some mountaineers are overtaking it to clean up Qomolangma. 5．The main question is you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. 6．This is everyone learned to read. 7．College is you meet your bridesmaids, groomsmen, neighbors, and potential bosses. 8．The most important thing is we can get through the difficult times. 9．Please put the medicine on the top of the shelf. It’s our children can’t reach it. 10．Our school is no longer it was 10 years ago, when it was not well equipped. 11．The great thing about music is it can bring people of different cultures together. 12．Health is very important for career success and that is you should exercise regularly. 13．If you take a look around your kitchen or office, chances are you’ll notice that you are surrounded by plastic water bottles, take-out cups, plastic grocery bags and food packages. 14．It seemed that I had become my parents had wanted me to be. 15．The number of people working and living in big cities has declined, which is exactly we expected. 16．An accident happened on the main road. That is traffic seemed to slow suddenly. 17．The reason why he didn’t go to school was he caught a heavy cold. 18．He failed the exam. That’s he looks so unhappy. 19．Have you found the red mark(记号) on the map? This is Huashan High School lies. 20．The reason why Tom was absent from class was he was ill. 21．What puzzles Lily’s friends is she always has so many crazy ideas. 22．Lacking in the spirit of innovation, the small island country remains it was 5 years ago. 23．You are saying that women should stay at home rather than going out to work, and this is I disagree. 24．The best times were they had sleepovers and could sit up late talking about anything and everything and everyone. 25．He didn’t finish his homework on time. That is he was punished by the teacher. 26．Tang poems are very nice. That’s more and more people are interested in them. 27．People go for walks less and prefer quiet rest at home. That’s there are marathons and other sports events aimed at encouraging people to move more. 28．Dreams and confidence are keeps us going on in the face of difficulties. 29．His suggestion was we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. 30．The question is they will agree to it or not. 二、完成句子 31．那个小姑娘开朗且漂亮，这是我们都喜欢她的原因。 The little girl is outgoing and pretty. . 32．他感到非常高兴，那是因为他在英语演讲比赛（contest）中获得了一等奖。 He feels happy. . 33．汤姆今天早晨睡过头了。那是他上班迟到的原因。（That’s why...） Tom overslept this morning. he was late for work. 34．我想到的是，我们应该与野生动物和谐相处。（that引导表语从句） What came into my mind was . 35．I didn’t phone her, and . 我没有给她打电话，那就是她对我生气的原因。 36． Barrett’s father was a dominant and selfish man. 这是因为巴雷特的父亲是一个专横自私的人。 37．He was given a warning. he was late for the meeting again. 他受到了警告，那是因为他开会又一次迟到了。 38．The truth was . 事情的真相是宽街水泵抽上来的水被废弃物污染了。 39．她还说出国留学的一个缺点是我们必须支付更高的学费和生活费，这将使大多数家庭付出一大笔钱。(表语从句) She also said one disadvantage of studying abroad is , which will cost most families an arm and a leg. 40．It they might have made a terrible mistake. 听起来他们似乎犯下了一个可怕的错误。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $