Unit 3 Back to the past Grammar and usage 表语从句课件-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版（2020）选择性必修第三册

XB3 Unit 3 Grammar P34-P38 单词解析&语法解析 1.literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的 literature n.文学 2. extensively adv.广阔地；广泛地 extensive adj.广阔的；广泛的 extension n.延伸，扩展 extend v.延伸，扩展 3. facilitate vt. 使便利，促进 facilitationn．促进；辅助物 facilitative adj.使便利的 4. sort out 理顺,整理:.....安排好 sort...into... 把……整理成…… sort of/kind of 有几分；有一点 all sorts of/all kinds of 各种各样的 5. available adj.可获得的；可购得的；可找到的；(人)有空的 be available to do sth. 可以做某事 be available for sth. 可用于…… be available to sb./sth. 让某人/某物找得到/可用 6. prison n．监狱 prisoner n．囚犯，犯人 7. minister n.大臣，部长 8. exceptional adj.杰出的，优秀的；异常的，罕见的 exception n．例外；例外的事物或人 except prep.除……之外(不包括) exceptionally adv.异常地；特殊地；例外地 9. phrase n.成语，习语；短语，词组 10. format n.总体安排，设计；版式 11.shelf n. (书架等的)架子，搁板 12. adopt vt.采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养 vi.领养，收养 adopted adj.被收养的；被采用的 adoption n.收养；采用 adoptable adj.可采用的，可收养的 adopt sb./sth. as... 收养/挑选某人/某物为…… adopted son/daughter 养子/养女；义子/义女 13.comparison n．对比；比较 compare vt.比较；把……比作 vi.相比 n.比较 (1)by comparison (with...) (与……)相比较 in comparison with/to... 和……相比 make a comparison 进行对比 (2)compare A with/to B 把A和B相比较 compare A to B 把A比作B compared with/to... 与……相比 beyond/without compare无与伦比 14. pack vt. & vi.塞进；挤进；装(箱)；收拾；打包；包装　n．包；包裹；小盒；小包 packed adj. 挤满人的；充满……的 (1)pack (sth.) up (将某物)装箱/打包 pack sth. in/into... 把某物装进…… pack in/into... 挤进…… (2)a pack of 一包；一盒；一群 (3)be packed with＝be crowded with 挤满，塞满 15. contrary adj.相反的，相对立的；截然不同的　n．(the contrary)相反的事实(或事情) (be) contrary to... 与……相反 on the contrary/quite the contrary 恰恰相反(作状语) to the contrary 相反的；相反地(相当于形容词或副词，起形容词作用时，作后置定语) Unit 3 Back to the past Grammar and usage What do the sentences have in common in their structures? predicative 表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、代词、数词、动词过去分词、动词的-ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式和从句等来充当。 The two policies are contradictory. This is a water pump. His job is to handle the problem. Self-study One theory was that bad air caused the disease. _________ __________________________ 主语 系动词 表语从句 总结： 表语从句是指______________________, 紧跟在________之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。用_______语序。 结构：___________________________。 从句在句子中充当表语 系动词 ___ 主语+系动词+引导词+简单句 陈述 Guidance and exploration Linking Verbs 系动词 be动词 感官类 变化类 am, is, are, was, were look, sound, smell, taste, feel, seem 变得：become, get, turn, grow; 保持：keep, hold, stay, stand, remain; 可以接表语从句系动词有： 表象/终止类 似乎：seem, appear； 结果：turn out，prove 引导词 从属连词: that, whether, as if, as though, because … 连接副词: when, where, how, why, …+(ever) 连接代词: what, who, whom, whose, which, …+ever Predicative clauses 1. The most important thing is that we finish the final task. 2. The question is whether we can finish it in such a short time. (1)从属连词: that & whether 用法归纳： a. that引导表语从句时，只起______作用，作/不作句子成分，有/没有意义。 b. whether引导表语从句时，只起______作用，作/不作句子成分，通常翻译为“______”。注意，引导表语从句时通常不用if。 连接 √ √ 连接 √ 是否 内容页 图表 面积图 13 (2) 连接代词: who, whom, whose, which, what, wh-ever 1. The problem is who could do the work. 2. The question is who/whom I should ask for advice. 3. My trouble is whose advice I should follow. 4. My top concern is which job is suitable for me. 5. Exercise is what keeps us healthy. 6. That mountain is no longer what it used to be. 用法归纳： 连接代词引导表语从句时，既起______作用，又作句子成分(通常作_____________________)等。 连接 主语,宾语,表语,定语 what可以表示“什么，什么样子，或所…的（人或事）” (3) 连接副词：when, where, why, how... M: The small village is where Mary lives. She became disabled after a car accident. That was when she was in high school. W: Poor girl! The question is how she has managed to live a normal life. M: She is an optimistic girl gifted in painting. Her works are popular online. That’s why she can earn her living. 用法归纳： 连接副词引导表语从句时，既起______作用，又作句子成分（通常作______）。 连接 状语 引导词 连词 关系代词 关系副词 在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用 在从句中作主宾表定语 在从句中作状语 that, whether, as if/as though, because what, which, who(m), whose， whatever,whichever, whoever when, where, why, how 表示建议、命令、要求等名词后的表语从句要用虚拟语气：（should）+do Summary $$