Unit 6 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（分层作业）英语外研版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit 6 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas 分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译成英文。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.做...有困难 . 2.遇到问题 . 3.犯罪 . 4.看到某人正在做某事 . 5.贪图...的; 渴求 . 6.是造成...的原因;对...负责 . 7.接管;控制;占领;接任 . 8.挡住某人的去路;妨碍某人 . 9.别无选择只能做某事 . 10.遥不可及;够不着 . 11.在建设中 . 12.扔掉 . 13.解决;算出;想出 . 14.符合;适应;与...一致 . 15.品尝,体验 . 16.待出售;特价出售 . 17.未能/无法做某事 . 18.区分开...和... . 19.撞到...上 . 20.以...的速度 . 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.Smoking not only harms others’ health, but also is (commit) suicide slowly. 2.We must take action to fight (crime). 3.A group of researchers work together to help increase knowledge and (appreciate) of China’s cultural heritage. 4.The contract commits him to (play) for the team for the next three years. 5.I am sorry to tell you that you have broken the speed (restrict). 6.The government is committed to (protect) the interests of tenants. 7.To ensure a beneficial and ethical future with AI, it is crucial (address) these concerns. 8.I would appreciate if you could take my application into account. 9.It will cost the city an (estimate)￡2 million to build the hospital. 10.Wouldn’t it be kind of (greed) to focus on money and fame rather than on something more meaningful? 3、 汉译英 1.正如一位研究人员说到的，“欣赏自己国家的文化遗产对于了解自己是很重要的。”（as引导的非限定性定语从句） 2.电动车在减少空气污染方面起着至关重要的作用。（crucial） 3.当地政府致力于搭建各种在线教育平台，以提升农村地区的教学质量，缩小城乡差距。(dedicate) 4.听说那幅水墨画将被送去国外展览，市民在艺术馆的展厅前大排长龙，想在展品出国之前来欣赏一下。(It) 4、 语法填空 In the office of remote sensing scientist Liu Shaochuang, there is a huge photograph of a camel he 1 (take) a decade ago in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. He once waited for hours by a pool of water in the Gobi Desert 2 (capture) an image of the wild animal. Since 2012, he has led a team in tracking and studying wild camels using satellite remote sensing technology. Unlike zoologists 3 focus on species, Liu has studied the interrelationship between endangered animals 4 their environment, which he believes will help develop better protection strategies against the background of climate change. By 5 (put) satellite positioning collars on wild camels, his team can get to know their migratory paths, living environments and possible threats they may encounter. And thanks to China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, the special collar can send and receive 6 (signal) in real time. His latest discovery is 7 the suitable habitat range has shrunk greatly due to climate change, and that wild camels have moved to 8 (cold) mountains and higher-altitude regions as a result of climate change. Liu said this implies that the animals may face more dangers. He is also calling for an 9 (expand) of current protection zones and the establishment of a larger-scale 10 (nation) park for the wild camels. 五、阅读理解 The Himalayan wolf and snow leopard are top predators (捕食者) in alpine ecosystems. Across the diverse landscapes of the Asian highlands, herding (放牧) communities exhibit varying attitudes toward snow leopards and wolves. Although snow leopards cause greater livestock loss, these communities generally show greater tolerance and acceptance toward snow leopards. This illustrates the predator paradox, where the more damaging predator is contradictorily more tolerated. Attitude toward snow leopards and wolves in the Himalayas are shaped by factors like religion and culture. Snow leopards hold significant cultural and spiritual value, especially in Buddhism. Local folk tales boost snow leopards’ awe, portraying them as holy beings linked to spiritual beliefs of the communities. In contrast to the awe for snow leopards, wolves are widely disliked and feared. This negative view stems from folklore, where wolves are portrayed as sly (狡猾的) and merciless predators. These tales shape public view, fostering hostility (敌意) and fear toward wolves. Conservation efforts in the Himalayas primarily concentrate on snow leopards, often overlooking other sympatric carnivores (食肉动物), like wolves. Consequently, programs for population monitoring, habitat preservation, and livestock insurance mainly benefit snow leopards, leaving wolves with minimal attention or resources. Additionally, key policy documents prioritize snow leopard conservation efforts, neglecting the ecological significance of wolves. This mistake slows down carnivore protection and makes local communities feel bitter toward wolves. Interestingly, this difference exists despite both snow leopard and Himalayan wolf being globally classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. Both snow leopards and wolves are crucial to the Himalayan ecosystem, but conservation has overwhelmingly favored snow leopards. This imbalance in attention and resources worsens the challenges faced by wolves, highlighting the need for a balanced approach to conserve both species effectively. 1．What phenomenon does the “predator paradox” describe in paragraph 1? A．Top predators always cause livestock loss. B．More harmful predators are more accepted locally. C．Locals tolerate different top predators equally. D．Conservation focuses on more tolerated predators. 2．How do Himalayan herding communities view wolves? A．As sacred Buddhist beings. B．As tricky, fearsome hunters. C．Less threatening than snow leopards. D．As necessary contributors to the ecosystem. 3．What effect may the overlook of wolf conservation have? A．It puts snow leopards in danger. B．It worsens locals’ bitterness of wolves. C．It improves the alpine ecosystem balance. D．It slows the protection of carnivores overall. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Why Protect Snow Leopards More? B．Who’s More Tolerated? C．How to Save Wolves? D．Where’s the Balance? 六、七选五 There’s just something about Labubu. You hear the sound of opening a blind box, see that cheeky smile and suddenly you’re attracted. But once the excitement fades, you can’t help but wonder, why do we keep chasing more, even when we already have enough? Evolutionary psychology gives us a fascinating answer. A lot of what we do comes from what once helped our ancestors survive. 5 That could mean the difference between thriving (繁荣) and going without. Over generations, we’ve been wired to find joy in having more than we require. Labubu represents a modern form of this instinct (本能). The blind-box model mirrors ancestral uncertainty: investing effort toward an uncertain payoff with the possibility of a rare, high-status “secret” find. The uncertainty of the reward activates dopamine pathways in the brain. 6 This explains why collectors sometimes keep buying long after they’ve achieved their goal. 7 When collecting remains a source of joy and social connection, it can be adaptive. Many Labubu collectors share mini furniture, and fan-made content. 8 But when over-marketing and rocketing resale prices step in, the whole environment changes. Suddenly, it’s less about the joy of owning something you love and more about showing off or reselling it for a profit. In questioning whether hoarding is simply collecting gone mad, it becomes clear that human psychology hasn’t fundamentally changed. Social media, over-marketing, and resale culture supercharge ancient drives. The challenge is to keep those drives in balance. 9 Ask yourself: Does it truly spark joy or creativity? In the end, Labubu is more than a toy. It’s a little mirror, reflecting both our ancient instincts and modern anxieties, and showing just how easily a fun hobby can tip into full-blown craze. A．Collect what brings genuine pleasure. B．But how does collecting slip into disorder? C．Buyers don’t know which figure they will get. D．Back then, collecting was about saving tools or food for later use. E．Collecting becomes a problem when possessions damage our daily life. F．It makes us “want” the experience even when we already “have” enough. G．Such are forms of self-expression that enrich rather than mess up our life. 八、完形填空 I scan the water in Australia’s Kakadu National Park, in search of an ancient 10 : a saltwater crocodile (鳄鱼). No ripples (涟漪), no sound. But I know it’s there. 11 , just beneath the surface. It could even be 12 me right now. Crocodiles are among the world’s most effective hunters. Their eyes and nostrils are positioned high on their heads, while their whole 13 is just beneath the water surface. With explosive tail power and the ability to stay underwater for hours, their 14 has remained unchanged for 95 million years. 15 : these animals are built for the kill. As I continue to scan the water, I see 16 : a soft ripple. Then, just a few metres away, two eyes break the surface as a huge head rises ever so slightly out of the water. The silent beast 17 me. I feel my heart racing. I take a few steps to the left; the crocodile silently follows. Then a few to the right; and again, it 18 me. I’m a dot on its radar. A possibility. A chance. I can’t help but feel awe for this ancient hunter as it remains motionless, waiting for me to make a 19 , to take one step too many. It has almost endless 20 . In a world of constant change, where we’re always seeking innovation and 21 , it’s easy to forget that some things are 22 just the way they are. When the foundation is strong, there’s no need to 23 much at all. Just look at crocodiles (but not too 24 , please). 10．A．killer B．enemy C．friend D．victim 11．A．Confident B．Carefree C．Invisible D．Hesitant 12．A．leaving B．ignoring C．watching D．attacking 13．A．head B．body C．tail D．heart 14．A．food B．design C．shape D．personality 15．A．In short B．At last C．On average D．Above all 16．A．effect B．conflict C．wonder D．movement 17．A．jumps at B．locks onto C．counts on D．runs into 18．A．eyes B．tricks C．tracks D．freezes 19．A．deal B．decision C．mistake D．comeback 20．A．greed B．energy C．power D．patience 21．A．balance B．freedom C．tradition D．improvement 22．A．fine B．strange C．flexible D．sensitive 23．A．change B．doubt C．rush D．panic 24．A．calmly B．closely C．lovingly D．nervously $Unit 6 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas 分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译成英文。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.做...有困难 . 2.遇到问题 . 3.犯罪 . 4.看到某人正在做某事 . 5.贪图...的; 渴求 . 6.是造成...的原因;对...负责 . 7.接管;控制;占领;接任 . 8.挡住某人的去路;妨碍某人 . 9.别无选择只能做某事 . 10.遥不可及;够不着 . 11.在建设中 . 12.扔掉 . 13.解决;算出;想出 . 14.符合;适应;与...一致 . 15.品尝,体验 . 16.待出售;特价出售 . 17.未能/无法做某事 . 18.区分开...和... . 19.撞到...上 . 20.以...的速度 . 【答案】 1. have difficulty/trouble in doing 2. encounter problems 3. commit a crime 4. spot sb. doing sth. 5. be greedy for 6. be responsible for 7. take over 8. in one’s way 9. have no choice but to do 10. out of reach 11. under construction 12. throw away 13. figure out 14. fit in with 15. get a taste for 16. on offer 17. be unable to do sth. 18. distinguish between... and... 19. crash into... 20. at a speed of... 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.Smoking not only harms others’ health, but also is (commit) suicide slowly. 2.We must take action to fight (crime). 3.A group of researchers work together to help increase knowledge and (appreciate) of China’s cultural heritage. 4.The contract commits him to (play) for the team for the next three years. 5.I am sorry to tell you that you have broken the speed (restrict). 6.The government is committed to (protect) the interests of tenants. 7.To ensure a beneficial and ethical future with AI, it is crucial (address) these concerns. 8.I would appreciate if you could take my application into account. 9.It will cost the city an (estimate)￡2 million to build the hospital. 10.Wouldn’t it be kind of (greed) to focus on money and fame rather than on something more meaningful? 【答案】 1. committing 2. crime 3. appreciation 4. playing 5. restriction 6. protecting 7. to address 8. it 9. estimated 10. greedy 3、 汉译英 1.正如一位研究人员说到的，“欣赏自己国家的文化遗产对于了解自己是很重要的。”（as引导的非限定性定语从句） 2.电动车在减少空气污染方面起着至关重要的作用。（crucial） 3.当地政府致力于搭建各种在线教育平台，以提升农村地区的教学质量，缩小城乡差距。(dedicate) 4.听说那幅水墨画将被送去国外展览，市民在艺术馆的展厅前大排长龙，想在展品出国之前来欣赏一下。(It) 【答案】 1.As a researcher said, “Appreciating the cultural heritage of one’s own country is important for knowing oneself.” 2.Electric vehicles play a crucial role in reducing air pollution. 3.The local government is dedicated to establishing/setting up various online learning platforms to enhance teaching quality in rural areas and bridge/narrow the urban-rural gap/ the gap between urban and rural areas. 4.It is heard that the ink painting will be sent abroad for exhibition, so citizens wait in a long queue in front of the gallery hall to appreciate the masterpiece before its departure. 4、 语法填空 In the office of remote sensing scientist Liu Shaochuang, there is a huge photograph of a camel he 1 (take) a decade ago in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. He once waited for hours by a pool of water in the Gobi Desert 2 (capture) an image of the wild animal. Since 2012, he has led a team in tracking and studying wild camels using satellite remote sensing technology. Unlike zoologists 3 focus on species, Liu has studied the interrelationship between endangered animals 4 their environment, which he believes will help develop better protection strategies against the background of climate change. By 5 (put) satellite positioning collars on wild camels, his team can get to know their migratory paths, living environments and possible threats they may encounter. And thanks to China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, the special collar can send and receive 6 (signal) in real time. His latest discovery is 7 the suitable habitat range has shrunk greatly due to climate change, and that wild camels have moved to 8 (cold) mountains and higher-altitude regions as a result of climate change. Liu said this implies that the animals may face more dangers. He is also calling for an 9 (expand) of current protection zones and the establishment of a larger-scale 10 (nation) park for the wild camels. 【答案】 1． took 2．to capture 3．who/that 4．and 5．putting 6．signals 7．that 8．colder 9．expansion 10．National 五、阅读理解 The Himalayan wolf and snow leopard are top predators (捕食者) in alpine ecosystems. Across the diverse landscapes of the Asian highlands, herding (放牧) communities exhibit varying attitudes toward snow leopards and wolves. Although snow leopards cause greater livestock loss, these communities generally show greater tolerance and acceptance toward snow leopards. This illustrates the predator paradox, where the more damaging predator is contradictorily more tolerated. Attitude toward snow leopards and wolves in the Himalayas are shaped by factors like religion and culture. Snow leopards hold significant cultural and spiritual value, especially in Buddhism. Local folk tales boost snow leopards’ awe, portraying them as holy beings linked to spiritual beliefs of the communities. In contrast to the awe for snow leopards, wolves are widely disliked and feared. This negative view stems from folklore, where wolves are portrayed as sly (狡猾的) and merciless predators. These tales shape public view, fostering hostility (敌意) and fear toward wolves. Conservation efforts in the Himalayas primarily concentrate on snow leopards, often overlooking other sympatric carnivores (食肉动物), like wolves. Consequently, programs for population monitoring, habitat preservation, and livestock insurance mainly benefit snow leopards, leaving wolves with minimal attention or resources. Additionally, key policy documents prioritize snow leopard conservation efforts, neglecting the ecological significance of wolves. This mistake slows down carnivore protection and makes local communities feel bitter toward wolves. Interestingly, this difference exists despite both snow leopard and Himalayan wolf being globally classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. Both snow leopards and wolves are crucial to the Himalayan ecosystem, but conservation has overwhelmingly favored snow leopards. This imbalance in attention and resources worsens the challenges faced by wolves, highlighting the need for a balanced approach to conserve both species effectively. 1．What phenomenon does the “predator paradox” describe in paragraph 1? A．Top predators always cause livestock loss. B．More harmful predators are more accepted locally. C．Locals tolerate different top predators equally. D．Conservation focuses on more tolerated predators. 2．How do Himalayan herding communities view wolves? A．As sacred Buddhist beings. B．As tricky, fearsome hunters. C．Less threatening than snow leopards. D．As necessary contributors to the ecosystem. 3．What effect may the overlook of wolf conservation have? A．It puts snow leopards in danger. B．It worsens locals’ bitterness of wolves. C．It improves the alpine ecosystem balance. D．It slows the protection of carnivores overall. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Why Protect Snow Leopards More? B．Who’s More Tolerated? C．How to Save Wolves? D．Where’s the Balance? 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出喜马拉雅地区的放牧社区对雪豹和狼存在态度差异，雪豹更受包容，而狼常被忽视，文章强调需平衡保护两者，以维护当地生态系统的稳定。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Although snow leopards cause greater livestock loss, these communities generally show greater tolerance and acceptance toward snow leopards. This illustrates the predator paradox, where the more damaging predator is contradictorily more tolerated.(尽管雪豹造成了更大的牲畜损失，但这些社区对雪豹却普遍表现出更大的容忍和接纳态度。这体现了“捕食者悖论”，即更具破坏性的捕食者反而更易得到容忍。)”可知，“捕食者悖论”描述的是尽管雪豹对牲畜造成的损失更大，但这些社区对雪豹却表现出更大的容忍和接受度，即更有害的捕食者在当地却更受欢迎，故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“In contrast to the awe for snow leopards, wolves are widely disliked and feared. This negative view stems from folklore, where wolves are portrayed as sly (狡猾的) and merciless predators.(与人们对雪豹的敬畏之情形成鲜明对比的是，狼普遍遭到厌恶和惧怕。这种负面看法源于民间传说，在这些故事中，狼被描绘成狡猾且无情的捕食者。)”可知，喜马拉雅的放牧社区将狼视为狡猾、可怕的猎手，故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Additionally, key policy documents prioritize snow leopard conservation efforts, neglecting the ecological significance of wolves. This mistake slows down carnivore protection and makes local communities feel bitter toward wolves.(此外，关键的政策文件将雪豹保护工作置于优先地位，却忽视了狼的生态重要性。这一失误减缓了食肉动物的保护进程，并引发了当地社区对狼的怨恨。)”可知，忽视狼的保护会减缓食肉动物的整体保护进程，故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Both snow leopards and wolves are crucial to the Himalayan ecosystem, but conservation has overwhelmingly favored snow leopards. This imbalance in attention and resources worsens the challenges faced by wolves, highlighting the need for a balanced approach to conserve both species effectively.(雪豹和狼对喜马拉雅生态系统而言都至关重要，但保护工作却绝大多数都倾向于雪豹。这种关注和资源分配上的不平衡加剧了狼所面临的挑战，凸显出需要采取平衡的方法来有效保护这两个物种。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了雪豹和狼在喜马拉雅生态系统中的重要性，以及保护工作中存在的失衡问题，强调需要采取平衡的方法来有效保护这两个物种，因此D项“Where’s the Balance?(平衡在哪里？)”适合作为文章的标题。故选D。 六、七选五 There’s just something about Labubu. You hear the sound of opening a blind box, see that cheeky smile and suddenly you’re attracted. But once the excitement fades, you can’t help but wonder, why do we keep chasing more, even when we already have enough? Evolutionary psychology gives us a fascinating answer. A lot of what we do comes from what once helped our ancestors survive. 5 That could mean the difference between thriving (繁荣) and going without. Over generations, we’ve been wired to find joy in having more than we require. Labubu represents a modern form of this instinct (本能). The blind-box model mirrors ancestral uncertainty: investing effort toward an uncertain payoff with the possibility of a rare, high-status “secret” find. The uncertainty of the reward activates dopamine pathways in the brain. 6 This explains why collectors sometimes keep buying long after they’ve achieved their goal. 7 When collecting remains a source of joy and social connection, it can be adaptive. Many Labubu collectors share mini furniture, and fan-made content. 8 But when over-marketing and rocketing resale prices step in, the whole environment changes. Suddenly, it’s less about the joy of owning something you love and more about showing off or reselling it for a profit. In questioning whether hoarding is simply collecting gone mad, it becomes clear that human psychology hasn’t fundamentally changed. Social media, over-marketing, and resale culture supercharge ancient drives. The challenge is to keep those drives in balance. 9 Ask yourself: Does it truly spark joy or creativity? In the end, Labubu is more than a toy. It’s a little mirror, reflecting both our ancient instincts and modern anxieties, and showing just how easily a fun hobby can tip into full-blown craze. A．Collect what brings genuine pleasure. B．But how does collecting slip into disorder? C．Buyers don’t know which figure they will get. D．Back then, collecting was about saving tools or food for later use. E．Collecting becomes a problem when possessions damage our daily life. F．It makes us “want” the experience even when we already “have” enough. G．Such are forms of self-expression that enrich rather than mess up our life. 【答案】5．D 6．F 7．B 8．G 9．A 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章探讨了人们为何会沉迷于收集Labubu盲盒玩具的心理机制。 5．根据前文“A lot of what we do comes from what once helped our ancestors survive. (我们所做的很多事情，都是源于那些曾经帮助我们的祖先生存下来的策略。)”提到进化心理学认为人类的很多行为源于祖先的生存需求，同时结合主题“收集”这一行为，设空句应讲述祖先的收集行为。选项D“Back then, collecting was about saving tools or food for later use. (那时，收集物品主要是为了日后使用而保存工具或食物。)”承接了“祖先生存”这一语境，解释了祖先收集行为的目的。故选D项。 6．前文“The uncertainty of the reward activates dopamine pathways in the brain. (奖励的不确定性会激活大脑中的多巴胺通路。)”提到“多巴胺通路被激活”，那么设空句紧跟其后，继续讲述激活多巴胺通路导致的后果。选项F“It makes us ‘want’ the experience even when we already ‘have’ enough. (它让我们即便已经拥有了足够的东西，仍“渴望”去体验那未曾拥有的事物。)”解释了多巴胺通路被激活后的心理效果，且与后文“This explains why collectors sometimes keep buying long after they’ve achieved their goal. (这就解释了为什么收藏者有时即便已经达成目标之后，仍会继续不断地购买。)”进一步构成“因果关系”。故选F项。 7．设空句为该段的首句，应是该段的中心主旨句。该段前部内容“When collecting remains a source of joy and social connection, it can be adaptive. (当收集物品成为一种带来快乐和促进社交的活动时，它就具有一定的适应性了。)”提到“收集带来快乐时具有适应性”，而后半段“But”句内容“But when over-marketing and rocketing resale prices step in, the whole environment changes. Suddenly, it’s less about the joy of owning something you love and more about showing off or reselling it for a profit. (但一旦过度营销和飞涨的转售价格介入，整个环境就会发生改变。突然之间，人们关注的焦点不再在于拥有自己喜爱之物所带来的快乐，而更多地在于炫耀或者通过转售来获取利润。)”则讲述了关于Labubu的“过度营销、炒价”问题，将“合理收集”与“无序收集” 形成对比，从而解释了“收集如何陷入无序”。选项B“But how does collecting slip into disorder? (但收藏物品怎么会变得无序起来呢？)” 以设问引出下文对两种情况的分析，起到承上启下的作用。故选B项。 8．根据前文“Many Labubu collectors share mini furniture, and fan-made content. (许多Labubu收藏者会共享小型家具以及自制内容。)”提到了Labubu收藏者的行为，设空处应是对这些行为进行积极解读。选项G“Such are forms of self-expression that enrich rather than mess up our life. (这些自我表达的形式丰富了我们的生活，而不是把我们的生活搞砸了。)”提到了积极意义，且句中“Such”指代前文具体行为。故选G项。 9．根据后文“Ask yourself: Does it truly spark joy or creativity? (问问自己：这样做真的能带来快乐或激发创造力吗？)”提出了一个关于“Labubu收集”的本质的疑问，设空句作为前一句，应是对收集的本质进行概括总结。选项A“Collect what brings genuine pleasure. (收集能带来真正快乐的东西。)”是收集的本质概括，置于该空后，后文在逻辑表达上与其紧密衔接。故选A项。 八、完形填空 I scan the water in Australia’s Kakadu National Park, in search of an ancient 10 : a saltwater crocodile (鳄鱼). No ripples (涟漪), no sound. But I know it’s there. 11 , just beneath the surface. It could even be 12 me right now. Crocodiles are among the world’s most effective hunters. Their eyes and nostrils are positioned high on their heads, while their whole 13 is just beneath the water surface. With explosive tail power and the ability to stay underwater for hours, their 14 has remained unchanged for 95 million years. 15 : these animals are built for the kill. As I continue to scan the water, I see 16 : a soft ripple. Then, just a few metres away, two eyes break the surface as a huge head rises ever so slightly out of the water. The silent beast 17 me. I feel my heart racing. I take a few steps to the left; the crocodile silently follows. Then a few to the right; and again, it 18 me. I’m a dot on its radar. A possibility. A chance. I can’t help but feel awe for this ancient hunter as it remains motionless, waiting for me to make a 19 , to take one step too many. It has almost endless 20 . In a world of constant change, where we’re always seeking innovation and 21 , it’s easy to forget that some things are 22 just the way they are. When the foundation is strong, there’s no need to 23 much at all. Just look at crocodiles (but not too 24 , please). 10．A．killer B．enemy C．friend D．victim 11．A．Confident B．Carefree C．Invisible D．Hesitant 12．A．leaving B．ignoring C．watching D．attacking 13．A．head B．body C．tail D．heart 14．A．food B．design C．shape D．personality 15．A．In short B．At last C．On average D．Above all 16．A．effect B．conflict C．wonder D．movement 17．A．jumps at B．locks onto C．counts on D．runs into 18．A．eyes B．tricks C．tracks D．freezes 19．A．deal B．decision C．mistake D．comeback 20．A．greed B．energy C．power D．patience 21．A．balance B．freedom C．tradition D．improvement 22．A．fine B．strange C．flexible D．sensitive 23．A．change B．doubt C．rush D．panic 24．A．calmly B．closely C．lovingly D．nervously 【答案】 10．A 11．C 12．C 13．B 14．B 15．A 16．D 17．B 18．C 19．C 20．D 21．D 22．A 23．A 24．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在澳大利亚卡卡杜国家公园与咸水鳄对峙时，既感受到这种远古猎杀者的致命威胁，又惊叹于其历经9500万年未变的完美演化，反思了自然界中“无需改变即最佳”的生存智慧。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我扫视着澳大利亚卡卡杜国家公园的水域，寻找一种古老的杀手：咸水鳄。A. killer杀手；B. enemy敌人；C. friend朋友；D. victim受害者。根据下文“a saltwater crocodile (鳄鱼)”和“Crocodiles are among the world’s most effective hunters.”可知，作者在寻找咸水鳄这种古老的杀手。故选A。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看不见，它就在水面之下。A. Confident自信的；B. Carefree无忧无虑的；C. Invisible看不见的；D. Hesitant犹豫的。根据上文“No ripples (涟漪), no sound.”可知，咸水鳄栖息的水域没有涟漪，因此是指看不见它。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它甚至可能现在就在看着我。A. leaving离开；B. ignoring忽视；C. watching看；D. attacking攻击。根据上文“just beneath the surface”可知，作者猜测咸水鳄在水面之下看着自己。故选C。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的眼睛和鼻孔位于头顶上方，而整个身体都在水面以下。A. head头部；B. body身体；C. tail尾巴；D. heart心脏。根据下文“is just beneath the water surface”以及有关鳄鱼的动物知识可知，通常情况下鳄鱼整个身体都在水面以下。故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：拥有爆发性的尾部力量和在水下停留数小时的能力，它们的设计（生理特性）在9500万年里一直没有改变。A. food食物；B. design设计；C. shape形状；D. personality个性。根据上文“With explosive tail power and the ability to stay underwater for hours”可知，此处是介绍鳄鱼生理构造上的设计，指设计在9500万年里一直没有改变。故选B。 15．考查介词短语辨析。句意：简而言之：这些动物是为杀戮而生的。A. In short简言之；B. At last最后；C. On average平均；D. Above all最重要的是。根据下文“these animals are built for the kill”可知，此处是对前面具体的生理构造的总结，用“简而言之”引出总结性的“这些动物是为杀戮而生的”。故选A。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我继续扫视水面时，我看到了动静：一道柔和的涟漪。A. effect效果；B. conflict冲突；C. wonder奇迹；D. movement移动。根据下文“a soft ripple”可知，水面泛起了涟漪，因此作者是看到了动静。故选D。 17．考查动词短语辨析。句意：沉默的野兽锁定了我。A. jumps at扑向；B. locks onto锁定；C. counts on依赖；D. runs into偶然遇到。根据上文“Then, just a few metres away, two eyes break the surface as a huge head rises ever so slightly out of the water.”可知，咸水鳄的两只眼睛露出水面，一个巨大的头微微露出水面，此时它锁定了作者。故选B。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：再往右走几步，它再次追踪我。A. eyes注视；B. tricks欺骗；C. tracks追踪；D. freezes冻结。根据上文“I take a few steps to the left; the crocodile silently follows. Then a few to the right; and again”可知，咸水鳄跟着作者移动，因此是指再次追踪作者。故选C。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不禁对这个古老的猎人感到敬畏，因为它一动不动，等着我犯错，等着我多走一步。A. deal交易；B. decision决定；C. mistake错误；D. comeback复出。根据下文“to take one step too many”可知，咸水鳄等着作者多走一步，等着作者犯错，从而伺机发起攻击。故选C。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的耐心几乎无限。A. greed贪婪；B. energy能量；C. power力量；D. patience耐心。根据上文“it remains motionless, waiting for me to make a..., to take one step too many”可知，咸水鳄一动不动，等着作者多走一步，显示出它有无限的耐心。故选D。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个不断变化的世界里，我们总是在寻求创新和改进，很容易忘记有些事情本来就很好。A. balance平衡；B. freedom自由；C. tradition传统；D. improvement改进。根据上文“we’re always seeking innovation”可知，improvement“改进”可以和innovation“创新”并列，描述我们在不断变化的世界里的行为：总是在寻求创新和改进。故选D。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一个不断变化的世界里，我们总是在寻求创新和改进，很容易忘记有些事情本来就很好。A. fine好的；B. strange奇怪的；C. flexible灵活的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据上文“In a world of constant change”可知，此处与“不断变化的世界”形成对比，指像鳄鱼这样的动物不需要改变，它们本来就很好。故选A。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当基础牢固时，根本不需要做太多改变。A. change改变；B. doubt怀疑；C. rush匆忙；D. panic恐慌。根据上文“When the foundation is strong”可知，当基础牢固时，过多改变是不必要的。故选A。 24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：看看鳄鱼吧（但请不要太近）。A. calmly冷静地；B. closely接近地；C. lovingly充满爱意地；D. nervously紧张地。根据上文“Crocodiles are among the world’s most effective hunters.”以及咸水鳄紧紧追踪着作者的移动可知，鳄鱼是非常危险的捕食者，看鳄鱼的时候不能太近。故选B。 $