专题06 非谓语动词（一）（知识梳理+高频考点精讲+进阶分级练）（讲义，江苏专用）英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题06 非谓语动词(一)(主语、表语、宾语) ( 目 录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 进阶分级练 ) 考点一 非谓语动词的时态和语态 类别 时态形式 语态形式 主动 被动 动词不定式 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing — 完成式 to have done to have been done 动词-ing 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词 一般式 done — 1.主、被动形式 非谓语动词与逻辑主语(通常是句子的主语)之间存在主谓、动宾关系。与逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系时,用主动形式;与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系时, 用被动形式。 ※I got a letter saying that I was admitted to a key university. ※The bridge to be built will be the longest one on this river. 2.时间先后关系 根据非谓语动词与谓语动词表示的动作之间的时间先后关系确定时态: (1)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生, 用非谓语动词的一般式; (2)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前, 用非谓语动词的完成式。 ※Hearing the inspiring news, they all jumped with joy. ※I seem to have involved myself in something I don’t understand. 考点二 非谓语动词作主语 不定式 一般表示具体某一次的动作。常用it作形式主语，而不定式是真正的主语，放在句末，以使句子保持平衡。 To see is to believe.眼见为实。 It is right to give up smoking.戒烟是正确的。 动名词 表示一般的、抽象的、泛指的概念，一般都放在谓语动词前，有时用it作形式主语。如：Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火会很危险。 【温馨提示】 1.在“It is/was＋adj.＋for/of sb to do sth”结构中，若形容词侧重于评价人物的特性、特征，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用of，此时形容词常为kind，nice，foolish等词，且sb与形容词之间可构成逻辑上的系表关系；若形容词侧重于描写不定式动作的特征、特点，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用for。 2.常用动名词作主语的句型：It is/was a waste (of...)/no use/no good doing sth It is generous of him to contribute so much money to the poor. 他捐献了这么多钱给穷人真是太慷慨了。 It was important for us to learn English well. 把英语学好对我们来说很重要。 It is no use complaining without taking action. 不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。 考点三 非谓语动词作表语 不定式 多表示某一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作。 动名词 多指抽象的、概念性的动作，句子主语常是表示无生命的名词或what引导的名词性从句。 现在/过去分词 现在分词作表语意为“令人……的”；而过去分词作表语意为“人感到……的”。 My dream is to enter Peking University. 我的梦想是考入北京大学。 Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作是演奏各种各样的音乐。 It’s well known that a tiger looks very frightening. 众所周知，老虎看起来令人很害怕。 We were moved at the news that he had died for the motherland. 听到他为国捐躯的消息，我们都很感动。 【温馨提示】 1.不定式和动名词作表语有时可通用，只不过不定式更侧重具体某一次，而动名词更侧重惯常性的动作状态。 2.不定式作表语时，不定式符号to的省略情况：当be动词前的句子部分有do/does/did 等(当“做”讲)时。 3.作表语的现在分词和过去分词是形容词化了的分词；现在分词v-ing表示: 令人/使人/让人…的，过去分词v-ed表示: 感到…的 excite---exciting---excited; surprise---surprising---surprised interest---interesting---interested; disappoint---disappointing---disappointed; delight---delighting---delighted; embarrass---embarrassing---embarrassed; 考点四 非谓语动词作宾语 1.不定式作宾语 ①常跟不定式作宾语的动词： 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装 decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hope/wish，refuse，manage，volunteer，pretend 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮 offer，promise，choose，plan，agree，ask/beg，help ②动词tell, show, understand, know, explain, teach, learn, advise等常接“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语。 Please tell me when to start the project. 请告诉我何时开始这个项目。 ③在某些动词如find, think, consider, feel, make, believe后，常用it作形式宾语，然后加宾语补足语，最后加不定式作真正的宾语。 We think it our duty to protect the environment. 我们认为保护环境是我们的责任。 2.常跟动名词作宾语的动词 ①常跟动名词作宾语的动词(短语)： 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想 consider，suggest/advise，look forward to，excuse/pardon，admit，delay/put off，fancy 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏 avoid，miss，go on/keep on，practise，deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准避免 forbid，imagine，risk，can’t help，mind，allow/permit，escape ②以介词to结尾后接动名词做宾语的常见短语： look forward to盼望; devote…to把…投入…中； pay attention to 注意； be used / accustomed to习惯于； get down to 开始认真做某事； stick to 坚持 ③以可以省略的in / from结尾、后面接动名词做宾语的常见短语： have difficulty/ trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有…困难 have a good/ wonderful/ hard time (in) doing sth 做某事很愉快/ 不愉快 there is no point (in) doing sth 做某事没意义 stop/ prevent sb (from) doing sth 阻止/禁止宾语… 3.既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词(注意两者间意思的不同)，常见的有： 下列动词或短语既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接动词不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别： 4. 在need，want，require等后表示被动意义，不定式要用被动语态，动名词不需要。 My bike needs to be repaired.＝My bike needs repairing.我的自行车需要修理。 考点一：非谓语动词作主语 例1. It is our responsibility ________ our environment and we are making progress. A. protecting B. protect C. to protect D. being protected 例2. ________ gold in Rio paints the most ________ portrait of the team’s competitive spirit. A. Winning, vivid B. Being won, amusing C. Won, intense D. To win, complicated 例3. ________ the meeting himself gave the public a great deal of encouragement, instantly boosting the stock market. A. The president attending B. The president had attend C. The president attended D. The president’s attending 1. ________ makes me excited ________ hard and achieve a team goal together. A. It; work B. It; to work C. That; work D. This; to work 2. To learn English well is important. The subject of this sentence is ________. A. To learn English well B. is C. important D. English 3. Even though she is an experienced driver, it takes her at least 40 minutes ________ through the crowded city streets. A. driving B. drive C. to drive D. driven 4. ________ with your parents is quite common in fact in your teens, but you should respect and love them, just as they do. A. To argues B. Arguing C. Argue D. Argued 5. ________ gold in Rio paints the most ________ portrait of the team’s competitive spirit. A. Winning, vivid B. Being won, amusing C. Won, intense D. To win, complicated 考点二：非谓语动词作表语 例1. Tommy’s wish is ________ his debt in the nearest future and start a new chapter of life. A. paying off B. giving way C. to pay off D. to give way 例2. What worried the child most was ________ to visit his brother in hospital. A. his not being allowed B. his not allowing C. his being not allowed D. having not been allowed 例3. My decision is ________ my own website after graduation from university. A. to set B. set C. having set D. to be set 1. My plan is ________ Chinese kung fu every Saturday. A. to practice B. practice C. practiced D. to practicing 2. Flora thinks that teachers’ duty is ________ students and help them explore their interests. A. educating B. educated C. to educate D. educate 3. As a cross-border doctor, my primary mission was ________ all those African patients. A. to save B. being saved C. save D. to be saved 4. Her hobby is ________ stamps. She has a large collection. A. collect B. collected C. to collect D. collecting 5. His favorite thing ________ on the beach, listening to the sound of the waves. A. is lie B. is to lie C. is lying D. are lying 考点三：非谓语动词作宾语 例1. If you have trouble ________ mathematics, you can apply ________ the Math Foundation Workshop. A. learning; to join B. to learn; to join C. learning; joining D. to learn; joining 例2. I didn’t mean ________ anything but ice cream looked so good that I can’t help ________. A. to eat, to try B. eating, trying C. eating, to try D. to eat, trying 例3. Ever since she was young, she has been looking forward to ________ in this college. A. being educated B. educating C. being educating D. educate 1. I regret ________ you that there’s nothing we can do to help you. A. telling B. being told C. to tell D. to be told 2. Those candidates prefer ________ the teaching positions in the remote areas, because they find it meaningful ________ contributions to society. A. to apply to; to make B. to apply for; to make C. to apply to; making D. to apply for; making 3. —Why does Tom look so disappointed? —He regrets not ________ for his interview. He wasn’t selected. A. preparing B. to prepare C. prepared D. have prepared 4. The book mainly deals with the difficulty new graduates have ________ to workplace culture. A. adapted B. adapting C. to adapt D. to be adapted 5. She had difficulty ________ the exercise ________ we had thought was easy to do. A. to finish; but B. finishing; and C. finishing; which D. finished; that 一、单项选择 1. --________ makes your son feel blue today? --________ to watch his favourite cartoon Paw Patrol. A. What it is that; To be forbidden B. What is that; Forbidden C. What is it that; Being forbidden D. That is what; Having forbidden 2. ________ light music may clear your mind and reduce pressure. A. Having listened to B. Listened to C. Listening to D. Listen to 3. It is ________ the customers’ needs that has made chain stores so popular in big cities in China. A. meeting B. met C. to have met D. being met 4. It is important for humans ________ the environment. A. protect B. protecting C. protected D. to protect 5. Tom thought it was an honor ________ to speak in the ceremony. A. to invite B. to be invited C. inviting D. having invited 6. It’s important for the figures ________ regularly. A. to be updated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated 7. The loud noise from the construction site made it impossible ________. A. concentrate B. concentrating C. to concentrate D. concentrated 8. We look forward ________ their wonderful performance on the stage next week. A. see B. to see C. to seeing D. seen 9. Her job is ________ patients in the hospital; but this weekend her task is  ________ her granny. A. nursing; looking after B. nursing; to look after C. to nurse; looking after D. to nurse; to look after 10. In the ant city, the queen’s job is ________ eggs. A. lay B. laid C. laying D. lays 二、单句语法填空 1. It is indeed an honor for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine ________(spread) around the world. 2. If you have any further requirements, please don’t hesitate ________(contact) us at any time. 3. The parents are trying to figure out which of the children is ________(blame) for the broken window in the living room. 4. ________(wash) hands frequently is a good habit for our health. 5. You can postpone ________(hand) in your paper if necessary. 6. Complaints can’t help solve any problems. We should stop ________(complain) and take action to make our earth a better place to live in. 7. What I dislike is ________(get) up too early. 8. Besides ________(do) all my schoolwork, I chat with my friends, watch films and read the daily news and other interesting articles. 9. There is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems ________(get) on with other people. 10. Whenever I feel like ________(give) up, I always think of your speech at the meeting. 一、阅读理解 A (2025届湖南省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟卷英语(五)) Chengdong Baseball Sports Center Baseball is very popular. Welcome to join us. We have three good teachers to teach you how to play baseball. Opening hours: From Thursday to Sunday (From 9 am to 6 pm) Price: ¥ 30 Mr. Chen Lingshan Gym There are two very good football fields in it. It is open to the public on Saturdays and Sundays. It is free. Are you interested in playing football? If so, please come. Mrs. Wan Yuexiu Music Training Center Zhao Ming is a famous musician. He plays the piano quite well. He works at No. 32 Xingfu Road. He is happy to teach his students how to play the piano. Wanted We need a music teacher with a teacher certificate (证书). You can find Mr. Wang. His phone number is 9962-7766. You can also send an e-mail to smartmusicschool. com before October 10. Working days: Saturdays and Sundays Working time: 8 hours 1. When can you play baseball in Chengdong Baseball Sports Center? A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. D. On Thursday. 2. Where can you go if you want to play football? A. Chengdong Baseball Sports Center. B. Lingshan Gym. C. Yuexiu Music Training Center. D. No. 32 Xingfu Road. 3. Who can teach you if you want to learn to play the piano? A. Zhao Ming. B. Mr. Wang. C. Mrs. Wan. D. Mr. Chen. 4. How many ways can you find Mr. Wang? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. B (2023-2024学年山东省高中12月学业水平合格性考试英语试题)Last year, I realized that I hadn't spoken to anyone but my wife and children in days. When I left my job in my late twenties to write a book, I thought I was a lucky dog. No more getting up early in the morning; no more worrying about what to wear to work. I could stay on my bed until late afternoon; I could wake up when I felt like it and enjoy my coffee as I worked on my book. At first, it was like being in heaven(天堂). But 20 books later,I began to feel lonely. It was just me, my work, and the Internet. I spent hours on the Internet instead of writing. I thought I was still close to everyone around me, but, in fact, I was more lonely than ever. As a result, I became more afraid of being out in the world. For the first time I felt like I wanted to step away from the lonely life and live a normal life again. I was thinking about renting(租赁) an office, but I found that I would still be lonely. I called a few friends who worked at home as well and asked if they would like to join me. They were feeling just as lonely as I was, so they all agreed. Each of us has found that we now love the routine(常规) of “going to work” again, and we are all happier than before. 5. How did the writer feel when he left his job at first? A. Tired. B. Bored. C. Free. D. Lonely. 6. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The problem that worried the author. B. The books the author wrote at home. C. The people the author met in the office. D. The time the author spent on the Internet. 7. How did the author manage to live a normal life again? A. By borrowing money from his friends. B. By buying a house. C. By working outside the home. D. By reading books. 8. What can we infer about the author? A. He still feels lonely now. B. He likes his lifestyle now. C. He doesn't feel like writing. D. He is too poor to buy an office. C (2024-2025学年广东省肇庆市四会市华侨中学高三学业水平英语模拟试题)Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do, and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready made; washing can go to the laundry; food can be bought; cooked, canned or preserved; bread is baked and delivered by the baker; milk arrives on the doorstep; meats can be had at the restaurant, the work’s canteen, and the school dining-room. It is unusual now for father to pursue his trade or other employment at home, and his children rarely, if ever, see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation, and in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money, and soon acquires a feeling of economic independence. In textile areas it has long been customary for mothers to go out to work, but this practice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual factor in a child’s home life, the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant(占主导地位的) figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. When mother works, economic advantages accrue, but children lose something of great value if mother’s employment prevents her from being home to greet them when they return from school. 9. The writer mentions home as workshop because________. A. fathers often pursue employment at home B. parents had to make food and necessities themselves for their daily life C. many families produce goods at home for sale D. both fathers and mothers in most families are workers 10. The writer says that home has become much less of a workshop. He means________. A. in the past, home was more like a workshop B. home is much more of a workshop now C. home-workshops are becoming fewer and fewer D. home was less like a workshop in the past 11. The chief reason that boys are seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation is ________. A. that children nowadays rarely see their fathers at their place of work B. that fathers do not like to pursue employment at home any more C. that there is a wide choice of employment for children D. that children also like to have jobs outside 12. What makes father no longer the only dominant person in a family? ________ A. With their earning, mother and children do not need to depend on father for their life. B. There are many choices of employment for mothers and children. C. Father does much less for his children today than he used to. D. The number of married women in employment has increased greatly now. D (2024年江苏省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷)Part of growing up is learning how to work things out for yourself. However. when you’ re feeling sad or lost you don’t have to struggle alone. ______ There are lots of reasons why you could need help, for example, with schoolwork; learning a pew skill; or when you feel sad, anxious or angry. Feeling anxious because you’ re finding something difficult, or because it’s taking a long time to make progress, can alto make you feel like you can’t do it. These are all signs that you need help. When you’ re struggling with something. asking for help will move you forward more quickly than trying on your own. What stops you asking for help Asking for help isn’t always easy. It can be difficult if you’ re not sure who to ask. You might think your friends won’t want to be troubled or they haven’t got the time. If you feel sorry that you need help, or if you think asking for a helping hand is a sign of weakness, it makes it harder to turn to another person. Asking for support is brave Letting someone in trusting them with your story and asking them to listen to you and help you come up with ideas of how to deal with a problem takes great courage. When you ask for help, it takes the pressure off trying to work out everything by yourself. There are other benefits too. By asking for help, you practise saying what you need. It also shows you how someone else might feel when they’re struggling, which means you could be more able to offer a helping hand when someone needs it. 13. Which may best fill in the blank above Paragraph 2? A. Be sure of your ability B. Seeking help is a struggle C. When you might need help D. How you can make progress 14. Which may stop you asking for help? A. Being too busy. B. Having no friends. C. Being too confidant. D. Feeling sorry. 15. How many benefits of asking for help are mentioned in the last paragraph? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five 16. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Trust your best friends. B. Learn to reduce pressure. C. It is necessary to be independent. D. It is good to ask for help. 二、完形填空 Once there was a poor little girl living near a forest. She had no family and no one to love her. So she often 1 sad and lonely. One day, when she was walking in the forest, she found that a small 2 was trapped unluckily in a bush. The butterfly tried to fly away 3 failed. The kind little girl saved the butterfly with great care. Instead of flying away, the butterfly turned 4 a beautiful fairy(仙女). The little girl was very 5 . “Thank you for 6 me. You are so kind. I will make any of your dreams come true.” said the fairy. The little girl thought for a moment and then said, “I want to be 7 !” The fairy said, “Very well. I will help you.” And she said something in the little girl’s ear. Then the fairy disappeared. As the kind little girl grew up, she was 8 ready to help people in need and was popular among the villagers. No one in the village was as happy as she was. Everyone asked her the 9 of her happiness. She always smiled and 10 , “The secret of my happiness is that I listened to a kind 11 when I was a little girl.” When the kind girl became a very old woman and was dying, the neighbours in the 12 all gathered(聚拢) around her bed because they were 13 that her secret of happiness would die with her. They asked, “Please tell us what the kind fairy said.” The lovely old woman still 14 and said, “She told me that everyone needed me, no matter how safe they seemed, no matter how rich or poor, no matter how old or 15 . She said that helping others would make me happy all my life.” 1. A. thought B. found C. sounded D. felt 2. A. butterfly B. bird C. snake D. squirrel 3. A. so B. or C. but D. as 4. A. on B. up C. into D. down 5. A. surprised B. tired C. worried D. frightened 6. A. catching B. beating C. killing D. saving 7. A. clever B. happy C. rich D. beautiful 8. A. always B. never C. seldom D. hardly 9. A. success B. secret C. purpose D. lesson 10. A. asked B. hoped C. answered D. refused 11. A. witch B. fairy C. ghost D. princess 12. A. village B. town C. city D. world 13. A. excited B. pleased C. glad D. afraid 14. A. shouted B. cried C. smiled D. jumped 15. A. young B. great C. nice D. quiet 三、语法填空 You may remember back at the start of December, 1 China carried out their unmanned Chang’e-5 mission and the spacecraft touched down on the moon to collect samples for research. Now it 2 (success) returned to the Earth. This is the most significant event in China’s space field, and also one of the most notable space 3 (activity) globally. Chang’e-5, 4 (launch) by a Long March 5 heavy-lift carrier rocket early on Nov 24, is the nation’s 5 (large) and most complex lunar probe. It returned with 1,731 grams of lunar rock and soil to the Earth, 6 (mark) a historic accomplishment 44 years after the last lunar substances were taken back. The 23-day mission was China’s first space journey to claim extraterrestrial samples, making 7 the third country to accomplish the task, the first being the USA in the 1960’s and the second Soviet Union in the 1970’s. The spacecraft 8 (enter) the Earth’s atmosphere at an altitude of around 120km. As soon as it was 10km above land, it released its parachute and landed smoothly in China's Inner Mongolia. Now the spacecraft has been air lifted to Beijing where the samples 9 (examine) by scientists very soon. The mission’s results will contribute 10 mankind’s deeper understanding of the moon’s origins and the evolution of the solar system. 四、应用文写作 假如你是红星中学高二学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim想了解你最钦佩的一位名人。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 该人物的介绍； 2. 你钦佩的理由。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 非谓语动词(一)(主语、表语、宾语) ( 目 录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 进阶分级练 ) 考点一 非谓语动词的时态和语态 类别 时态形式 语态形式 主动 被动 动词不定式 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing — 完成式 to have done to have been done 动词-ing 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词 一般式 done — 1.主、被动形式 非谓语动词与逻辑主语(通常是句子的主语)之间存在主谓、动宾关系。与逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系时,用主动形式;与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系时, 用被动形式。 ※I got a letter saying that I was admitted to a key university. ※The bridge to be built will be the longest one on this river. 2.时间先后关系 根据非谓语动词与谓语动词表示的动作之间的时间先后关系确定时态: (1)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生, 用非谓语动词的一般式; (2)非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前, 用非谓语动词的完成式。 ※Hearing the inspiring news, they all jumped with joy. ※I seem to have involved myself in something I don’t understand. 考点二 非谓语动词作主语 不定式 一般表示具体某一次的动作。常用it作形式主语，而不定式是真正的主语，放在句末，以使句子保持平衡。 To see is to believe.眼见为实。 It is right to give up smoking.戒烟是正确的。 动名词 表示一般的、抽象的、泛指的概念，一般都放在谓语动词前，有时用it作形式主语。如：Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火会很危险。 【温馨提示】 1.在“It is/was＋adj.＋for/of sb to do sth”结构中，若形容词侧重于评价人物的特性、特征，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用of，此时形容词常为kind，nice，foolish等词，且sb与形容词之间可构成逻辑上的系表关系；若形容词侧重于描写不定式动作的特征、特点，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用for。 2.常用动名词作主语的句型：It is/was a waste (of...)/no use/no good doing sth It is generous of him to contribute so much money to the poor. 他捐献了这么多钱给穷人真是太慷慨了。 It was important for us to learn English well. 把英语学好对我们来说很重要。 It is no use complaining without taking action. 不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。 考点三 非谓语动词作表语 不定式 多表示某一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作。 动名词 多指抽象的、概念性的动作，句子主语常是表示无生命的名词或what引导的名词性从句。 现在/过去分词 现在分词作表语意为“令人……的”；而过去分词作表语意为“人感到……的”。 My dream is to enter Peking University. 我的梦想是考入北京大学。 Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作是演奏各种各样的音乐。 It’s well known that a tiger looks very frightening. 众所周知，老虎看起来令人很害怕。 We were moved at the news that he had died for the motherland. 听到他为国捐躯的消息，我们都很感动。 【温馨提示】 1.不定式和动名词作表语有时可通用，只不过不定式更侧重具体某一次，而动名词更侧重惯常性的动作状态。 2.不定式作表语时，不定式符号to的省略情况：当be动词前的句子部分有do/does/did 等(当“做”讲)时。 3.作表语的现在分词和过去分词是形容词化了的分词；现在分词v-ing表示: 令人/使人/让人…的，过去分词v-ed表示: 感到…的 excite---exciting---excited; surprise---surprising---surprised interest---interesting---interested; disappoint---disappointing---disappointed; delight---delighting---delighted; embarrass---embarrassing---embarrassed; 考点四 非谓语动词作宾语 1.不定式作宾语 ①常跟不定式作宾语的动词： 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装 decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hope/wish，refuse，manage，volunteer，pretend 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮 offer，promise，choose，plan，agree，ask/beg，help ②动词tell, show, understand, know, explain, teach, learn, advise等常接“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语。 Please tell me when to start the project. 请告诉我何时开始这个项目。 ③在某些动词如find, think, consider, feel, make, believe后，常用it作形式宾语，然后加宾语补足语，最后加不定式作真正的宾语。 We think it our duty to protect the environment. 我们认为保护环境是我们的责任。 2.常跟动名词作宾语的动词 ①常跟动名词作宾语的动词(短语)： 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想 consider，suggest/advise，look forward to，excuse/pardon，admit，delay/put off，fancy 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏 avoid，miss，go on/keep on，practise，deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准避免 forbid，imagine，risk，can’t help，mind，allow/permit，escape ②以介词to结尾后接动名词做宾语的常见短语： look forward to盼望; devote…to把…投入…中； pay attention to 注意； be used / accustomed to习惯于； get down to 开始认真做某事； stick to 坚持 ③以可以省略的in / from结尾、后面接动名词做宾语的常见短语： have difficulty/ trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有…困难 have a good/ wonderful/ hard time (in) doing sth 做某事很愉快/ 不愉快 there is no point (in) doing sth 做某事没意义 stop/ prevent sb (from) doing sth 阻止/禁止宾语… 3.既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词(注意两者间意思的不同)，常见的有： 下列动词或短语既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接动词不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别： 4. 在need，want，require等后表示被动意义，不定式要用被动语态，动名词不需要。 My bike needs to be repaired.＝My bike needs repairing.我的自行车需要修理。 考点一：非谓语动词作主语 例1. It is our responsibility ________ our environment and we are making progress. A. protecting B. protect C. to protect D. being protected 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。 句意：保护我们的环境是我们的责任，而且我们正在取得进步。句子核心结构为“It is + 名词 + to do sth.”，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。此处“保护我们的环境”是真正主语，需用不定式to protect表达。故选C。 例2. ________ gold in Rio paints the most ________ portrait of the team’s competitive spirit. A. Winning, vivid B. Being won, amusing C. Won, intense D. To win, complicated 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：在里约热内卢赢得金牌为团队的竞争精神描绘了最生动的写照。A. Winning赢得(现在分词), vivid生动的；B. Being won被赢得(动名词的被动形式), amusing有趣的；C. Won赢得(过去分词), intense强烈的；D. To win赢得(不定式), complicated复杂的。第一空作主语，且是主动含义，需用动名词Winning。第二空修饰portrait，用形容词vivid，作定语。故选A。 例3. ________ the meeting himself gave the public a great deal of encouragement, instantly boosting the stock market. A. The president attending B. The president had attend C. The president attended D. The president’s attending 【答案】D 【详解】考查动名词的复合结构。句意：总统亲自参加会议这一行为给了公众极大的鼓舞，立即提振了股市。分析句子结构可知，空处应填入能充当主语的成分。The president’s attending (名词所有格 + 动名词) 是动名词的复合结构，可在句中作主语。故填 D。 1. ________ makes me excited ________ hard and achieve a team goal together. A. It; work B. It; to work C. That; work D. This; to work 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：一起努力并共同实现团队目标，这让我很兴奋。本题为“It makes sb. + 形容词 + to do sth.”的固定句型，其中“It”为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，目的是避免句子头重脚轻。故选B项。 2. To learn English well is important. The subject of this sentence is ________. A. To learn English well B. is C. important D. English 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子成分辨析。句意：学好英语是重要的。在这个句子中，“To learn English well”是动词不定式短语，它在句中作主语；“is”是系动词；“important”是形容词作表语。故选A项。 3. Even though she is an experienced driver, it takes her at least 40 minutes ________ through the crowded city streets. A. driving B. drive C. to drive D. driven 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管她是一名经验丰富的司机，但在拥挤的城市街道上开车至少要花40分钟。it是形式主语，空处使用动词不定式作真正的主语，it takes sb some time to do sth“某人花费多长时间做某事”，故选C。 4. ________ with your parents is quite common in fact in your teens, but you should respect and love them, just as they do. A. To argues B. Arguing C. Argue D. Argued 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，在青少年时期与父母发生争执是很常见的事，但你应该尊重并爱戴他们，就像他们对待你一样。此处应用动名词作主语，表示一般性概念。故选B。 5. ________ gold in Rio paints the most ________ portrait of the team’s competitive spirit. A. Winning, vivid B. Being won, amusing C. Won, intense D. To win, complicated 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：在里约热内卢赢得金牌为团队的竞争精神描绘了最生动的写照。A. Winning赢得(现在分词), vivid生动的；B. Being won被赢得(动名词的被动形式), amusing有趣的；C. Won赢得(过去分词), intense强烈的；D. To win赢得(不定式), complicated复杂的。第一空作主语，且是主动含义，需用动名词Winning。第二空修饰portrait，用形容词vivid，作定语。故选A。 考点二：非谓语动词作表语 例1. Tommy’s wish is ________ his debt in the nearest future and start a new chapter of life. A. paying off B. giving way C. to pay off D. to give way 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词及动词短语辨析。句意：汤米的愿望是在不久的将来还清债务，开启人生的新篇章。A. paying off还清(动名词形式)；B.giving way让步(动名词形式)；C. to pay off还清(动词不定式形式)；D. to give way让步(动词不定式形式)。根据句中“wish”(愿望)可知，此处需用动词不定式“to do”作表语，指向将来的动作；结合“debt”和“start a new chapter of life”可知，此处应表达“还清债务”。故选C。 例2. What worried the child most was ________ to visit his brother in hospital. A. his not being allowed B. his not allowing C. his being not allowed D. having not been allowed 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：让这个孩子最担心的是他不被允许去医院看望他的哥哥。该句中What worried the child most是主语从句，was是系动词，所以此处为非谓语动词作表语，结合句意，此处描述的是抽象，一般性的行为，所以使用动名词形式，结合句意，allow与the child之间是被动关系，所以要用动名词的被动形式being allowed，动名词的否定是在其前加 not，所以being allowed的否定形式是“not being allowed”，his是动名词的逻辑主语，构成动名词的复合结构“his not being allowed”，表示“他不被允许”。故选A项。 例3. My decision is ________ my own website after graduation from university. A. to set B. set C. having set D. to be set 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的决定是大学毕业后建立自己的网站。句中“is”为系动词，空格处需用非谓语动词作表语，动词不定式to do可作表语表示将来的计划或意图，“set my own website”与主语“my decision”为主谓关系，应用主动形式。故选A项。 1. My plan is ________ Chinese kung fu every Saturday. A. to practice B. practice C. practiced D. to practicing 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的计划是每周六练习中国功夫。句中“is”为系动词，空格处需填入表语，说明“plan”的具体内容，结合句意，此处表达“将要做的事情”，所以此处使用动词不定式作表语。故选A项。 2. Flora thinks that teachers’ duty is ________ students and help them explore their interests. A. educating B. educated C. to educate D. educate 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：弗洛拉认为教师的职责是教育学生并帮助他们探索自己的兴趣。educate“教育”。本句中“that teachers’ duty is ________ students and help them explore their interests.”为thinks的宾语从句，从句中is是系动词，空格处及后面的内容是表语，主语是teachers’ duty，此处应用不定式作表语。故选C。 3. As a cross-border doctor, my primary mission was ________ all those African patients. A. to save B. being saved C. save D. to be saved 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名跨境医生，我的首要任务是拯救所有非洲病人。分析句子结构可知，句子的主语是my primary mission，was是系动词，后面需要用不定式作表语来补充说明主语的内容。逻辑主语与save之间为主动关系，所以用不定式的主动形式。故选A。 4. Her hobby is ________ stamps. She has a large collection. A. collect B. collected C. to collect D. collecting 【答案】D 【详解】考查动名词。句意：她的爱好是集邮。她有大量的收藏品。表语阐述的是爱好，表示一般性、抽象的行为或状态，强调的是一种习惯性或经常发生的动作，用动名词作表语，因此空格处是collecting。故选D。 5. His favorite thing ________ on the beach, listening to the sound of the waves. A. is lie B. is to lie C. is lying D. are lying 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态和动名词。句意：他最喜欢的事情就是躺在沙滩上，听着海浪的声音。该句描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，His favorite thing是主语，为单数，谓语动词用单数形式，结合句意，此处强调他最喜欢的这种行为是一种习惯性的、一般性的活动，即经常喜欢躺在沙滩上，所以此处使用动名词形式作表语。故选C项。 考点三：非谓语动词作宾语 例1. If you have trouble ________ mathematics, you can apply ________ the Math Foundation Workshop. A. learning; to join B. to learn; to join C. learning; joining D. to learn; joining 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：如果你学习数学有困难，可以申请参加数学基础工作坊。第一空考查have trouble (in) doing sth.，表示“做某事有困难”，此处需用learning；第二空考查apply to do sth.，表示“申请做某事”，此处需用不定式to join。故选A项。 例2. I didn’t mean ________ anything but ice cream looked so good that I can’t help ________. A. to eat, to try B. eating, trying C. eating, to try D. to eat, trying 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我并没有打算吃什么东西，但是冰淇淋看上去太美味了，以至于我情不自禁品尝了。此处为短语mean to do sth.意为“打算做某事”，can’t/couldn’t help doing sth.意为“情不自禁做某事”；mean doing sth.意为“意味着做某事”；couldn't help to do sth.意为“不能帮助做某事”不符合语境。故选D。 例3. Ever since she was young, she has been looking forward to ________ in this college. A. being educated B. educating C. being educating D. educate 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从她年轻时起，就一直期待着在这所大学接受教育。由短语look forward to doing sth.(期待做某事)可知，空格处需用动名词形式。“她”是“接受教育”的对象，存在被动关系，所以用动名词的被动语态，故选A项。 1. I regret ________ you that there’s nothing we can do to help you. A. telling B. being told C. to tell D. to be told 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很遗憾地告诉你，我们无能为力。“遗憾地告知”对方一个不好的消息，因此应该用 regret to tell，不定式表将来含义。A. telling(动名词)：表示“后悔已经告诉过你”，不符合句意。 B. being told(被动动名词)：表示“后悔被告诉”，语义不通。 C. to tell(不定式)：正确选项，表示“遗憾地告知”。 D. to be told(被动不定式)：表示“遗憾被告诉”，语义不通。故选C。 2. Those candidates prefer ________ the teaching positions in the remote areas, because they find it meaningful ________ contributions to society. A. to apply to; to make B. to apply for; to make C. to apply to; making D. to apply for; making 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语辨析和非谓语动词。句意：那些求职者更倾向于申请偏远地区的教学岗位，因为他们觉得为社会做贡献是一件有意义的事。第一空，apply to表示“应用”，apply for表示“申请(职位、机会、物品等)”，结合“the teaching positions”可知，第一空填to apply for；第二空，find it+形容词+to do sth是固定句型，意为“发现做某事是…… 的”，it为形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语。故选B。 3. —Why does Tom look so disappointed? —He regrets not ________ for his interview. He wasn’t selected. A. preparing B. to prepare C. prepared D. have prepared 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——汤姆为什么看起来这么失望？——他后悔没有为面试做准备，所以没被录用。分析句子结构可知，这里考查regret doing sth.，表示“后悔做过某事”(动作已发生)，此处“没准备面试”是已发生的事，且“regret not + 动名词”为固定用法，所以preparing 符合语法规则与语境。故选A项。 4. The book mainly deals with the difficulty new graduates have ________ to workplace culture. A. adapted B. adapting C. to adapt D. to be adapted 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书主要探讨应届毕业生在适应职场文化方面遇到的困难。分析句子结构可知，句中“new graduates have ________ to workplace culture”为定语从句，修饰先行词 difficulty，核心结构是“have difficulty (in) doing sth.”，表“做某事有困难”，此处省略了介词 in，需用动名词形式作宾语，adapting符合语法规则与语境。故选B项。 5. She had difficulty ________ the exercise ________ we had thought was easy to do. A. to finish; but B. finishing; and C. finishing; which D. finished; that 【答案】C 【详解】考查动名词和定语从句。句意：她做这道练习题有困难，而我们之前以为这道题很容易做。have difficulty (in) doing sth. 是固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，其中“in”可省略，因此第一个空需填动名词形式 finishing。第二个空中，the exercise为先行词，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词为which。we had thought在句子中是插入语。故选C。 一、单项选择 1. --________ makes your son feel blue today? --________ to watch his favourite cartoon Paw Patrol. A. What it is that; To be forbidden B. What is that; Forbidden C. What is it that; Being forbidden D. That is what; Having forbidden 【答案】C 【详解】考查强调句型和非谓语动词。句意：——是什么让你儿子今天心情不好？——不让他看他最喜欢的卡通《狗狗巡逻队》。分析句子结构可知，第一空为强调句型的特殊疑问句，即：疑问词What+ is it+ that+其余部分；第二空为非谓语动词，作主语用动名词，且son与forbide之间是被动关系，所以用Being forbidden，故C项正确。 【点睛】注意强调句型的特殊疑问句形式为：疑问词+ is it+ that+其余部分，根据句意“是什么让你儿子今天心情不好？”判断疑问词用what，即：What is it that makes your son feel blue today? 2. ________ light music may clear your mind and reduce pressure. A. Having listened to B. Listened to C. Listening to D. Listen to 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听轻音乐可以让你理清思路和缓解压力。本句缺少主语，所以这里用动名词作主语。故选C。 3. It is ________ the customers’ needs that has made chain stores so popular in big cities in China. A. meeting B. met C. to have met D. being met 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。本句是一个强调句，去掉it was 和that，___ the customers’ needs has made chain stores so popular in big cities in China. 不难发现，本句是动名词短语作主语。而D项是被动结构，本句meet后，有自己的宾语，故应为主动。选A。 4. It is important for humans ________ the environment. A. protect B. protecting C. protected D. to protect 【答案】D 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：保护环境对人类来说很重要。it be+形容词 for sb. to do sth.固定句型，意为“对于某人来说，做某事是……”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，故选D。 5. Tom thought it was an honor ________ to speak in the ceremony. A. to invite B. to be invited C. inviting D. having invited 【答案】B 【详解】考查不定式用法。句意：Tom觉得很荣幸被邀请在典礼上讲话。根据句型分析可知，本题中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构，再根据句意可知，Tom和invite是被动关系，所以这里应用不定式的被动形式。故选B项。 6. It’s important for the figures ________ regularly. A. to be updated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：定期更新这些数字很重要。It’s important for to do/be done是固定用法，数字the figures被更新。故选A。 7. The loud noise from the construction site made it impossible ________. A. concentrate B. concentrating C. to concentrate D. concentrated 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：建筑工地传来的巨大噪音使人无法集中注意力。根据“make it + 形容词 + to do sth. (使做某事……)”的固定结构可知，此空应是动词不定式to concentrate作真正的宾语，it是形式宾语。故选C。 8. We look forward ________ their wonderful performance on the stage next week. A. see B. to see C. to seeing D. seen 【答案】C 【详解】考查动名词。句意：我们期待着下周能看到他们在舞台上的精彩表演。“look forward to doing sth” 是固定短语，意为 “期待做某事”，其中“to” 是介词，后接动名词形式作宾语。故选C项。 9. Her job is ________ patients in the hospital; but this weekend her task is  ________ her granny. A. nursing; looking after B. nursing; to look after C. to nurse; looking after D. to nurse; to look after 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的工作是在医院里护理病人；但是这个周末她的任务是照顾她的奶奶。第一空，表示经常发生的一般性行为，应用动名词作表语；第二空根据上文this weekend可知，表示具体的，还未发生的动作，应用不定式作表语。故选B。 10. In the ant city, the queen’s job is ________ eggs. A. lay B. laid C. laying D. lays 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在蚁城，蚁后的工作就是产卵。根据谓语动词“is”和句意可知，空处应为非谓语动词，作表语，故应用动名词形式。故选C。 二、单句语法填空 1. It is indeed an honor for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine ________(spread) around the world. 【答案】to be spread 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的科学研究和中医药被传播到世界各地，这确实是一种荣誉。本句使用“It is + 名词 + for sth. to do sth.”的固定句型，It为形式主语，本空用不定式，作真正的主语；且“China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine”与spread“传播”之间是被动关系，用不定式的被动形式to be spread。故填to be spread。 2. If you have any further requirements, please don’t hesitate ________(contact) us at any time. 【答案】to contact 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果您有任何进一步的要求，请随时联系我们，不必犹豫。contact为动词，意为“联系”，根据“hesitate to do sth.”意为“犹豫做某事”可知，此处应用动词不定式形式作宾语。故填to contact。 3. The parents are trying to figure out which of the children is ________(blame) for the broken window in the living room. 【答案】to blame 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：父母们正试图弄清楚客厅窗户被打碎是哪一个孩子的过错。which引导的宾语从句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词，且children与blame“责备”为被动关系，be to blame for意为“对……应负责任；因……而受到责备”，为固定短语，本空用不定式，作表语。故填to blame。 4. ________(wash) hands frequently is a good habit for our health. 【答案】Washing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经常洗手对我们的健康来说是个好习惯。wash是动词，在此句中，需将其变为动名词Washing，在句首作主语，首字母大写。故填Washing。 5. You can postpone ________(hand) in your paper if necessary. 【答案】handing 【详解】考查动名词。句意：如果有必要的话，你可以推迟提交你的论文。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语postpone doing sth“推迟做某事”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填handing。 6. Complaints can’t help solve any problems. We should stop ________(complain) and take action to make our earth a better place to live in. 【答案】complaining 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：抱怨不能解决任何问题。我们应该停止抱怨，采取行动使我们的地球成为一个更好的居住地。stop doing sth.是固定短语，意为“停止做某事”，强调停止正在进行的动作或行为。故填complaining。 7. What I dislike is ________(get) up too early. 【答案】getting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：我不喜欢起得太早。根据谓语动词is可知此处要用动名词做表语。故填getting。 8. Besides ________(do) all my schoolwork, I chat with my friends, watch films and read the daily news and other interesting articles. 【答案】doing 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：除了做我所有的功课，我和我的朋友聊天，看电影，阅读每日新闻和其他有趣的文章。作介词besides的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填doing。 9. There is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems ________(get) on with other people. 【答案】getting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：毫无疑问，情商低的人在与他人相处时经常会遇到问题。have problems/trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 是固定用法，意为“做某事有困难”。故填getting。 10. Whenever I feel like ________(give) up, I always think of your speech at the meeting. 【答案】giving 【详解】考查动名词。句意：每当我想要放弃的时候，我就会想起你在会上的演讲。feel like doing sth.是固定短语，意为“想要做某事”，因此空格处用动名词giving作宾语，故填giving。 一、阅读理解 A (2025届湖南省普通高中学业水平合格性考试模拟卷英语(五)) Chengdong Baseball Sports Center Baseball is very popular. Welcome to join us. We have three good teachers to teach you how to play baseball. Opening hours: From Thursday to Sunday (From 9 am to 6 pm) Price: ¥ 30 Mr. Chen Lingshan Gym There are two very good football fields in it. It is open to the public on Saturdays and Sundays. It is free. Are you interested in playing football? If so, please come. Mrs. Wan Yuexiu Music Training Center Zhao Ming is a famous musician. He plays the piano quite well. He works at No. 32 Xingfu Road. He is happy to teach his students how to play the piano. Wanted We need a music teacher with a teacher certificate (证书). You can find Mr. Wang. His phone number is 9962-7766. You can also send an e-mail to smartmusicschool. com before October 10. Working days: Saturdays and Sundays Working time: 8 hours 1. When can you play baseball in Chengdong Baseball Sports Center? A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. D. On Thursday. 2. Where can you go if you want to play football? A. Chengdong Baseball Sports Center. B. Lingshan Gym. C. Yuexiu Music Training Center. D. No. 32 Xingfu Road. 3. Who can teach you if you want to learn to play the piano? A. Zhao Ming. B. Mr. Wang. C. Mrs. Wan. D. Mr. Chen. 4. How many ways can you find Mr. Wang? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. A 【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个广告，前三个是活动中心或培训中心，介绍了它们的活动内容、开放时间、价格等信息，最后一个是音乐教师招聘信息。 1. 细节理解题。根据Chengdong Baseball Sports Center部分“Opening hours: From Thursday to Sunday (From 9 am to 6 pm).(开放时间：星期四到星期日(上午9点到下午6点))”可知，可以在星期四到星期日在Chengdong Baseball Sports Center打棒球。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据Lingshan Gym部分“There are two very good football fields in it. It is open to the public on Saturdays and Sundays. It is free. Are you interested in playing football? If so, please come.(里面有两个非常好的足球场。它星期六和星期天对公众开放。它是免费的。你对踢足球感兴趣吗？如果是的话，请过来。)”可知，如果想踢足球，可以去Lingshan Gym。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据Yuexiu Music Training Center部分“Zhao Ming is a famous musician. He plays the piano quite well. He works at No. 32 Xingfu Road. He is happy to teach his students how to play the piano.(赵明是一位著名的音乐家。他钢琴弹得很好。他在幸福路32号工作。他很高兴教他的学生如何弹钢琴。)”可知，如果想学弹钢琴，赵明可以教你。故选A。 4. 细节理解题。根据Wanted部分“You can find Mr. Wang. His phone number is 9962-7766. You can also send an e-mail to smartmusicschool. com before October 10.(你可以找到王先生。他的电话号码是9962-7766。你也可以在10月10日之前发电子邮件到smartmusicschool. com。)”可知，可以通过打电话和发电子邮件两种方式找到王先生。故选A。 B (2023-2024学年山东省高中12月学业水平合格性考试英语试题)Last year, I realized that I hadn't spoken to anyone but my wife and children in days. When I left my job in my late twenties to write a book, I thought I was a lucky dog. No more getting up early in the morning; no more worrying about what to wear to work. I could stay on my bed until late afternoon; I could wake up when I felt like it and enjoy my coffee as I worked on my book. At first, it was like being in heaven(天堂). But 20 books later,I began to feel lonely. It was just me, my work, and the Internet. I spent hours on the Internet instead of writing. I thought I was still close to everyone around me, but, in fact, I was more lonely than ever. As a result, I became more afraid of being out in the world. For the first time I felt like I wanted to step away from the lonely life and live a normal life again. I was thinking about renting(租赁) an office, but I found that I would still be lonely. I called a few friends who worked at home as well and asked if they would like to join me. They were feeling just as lonely as I was, so they all agreed. Each of us has found that we now love the routine(常规) of “going to work” again, and we are all happier than before. 5. How did the writer feel when he left his job at first? A. Tired. B. Bored. C. Free. D. Lonely. 6. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The problem that worried the author. B. The books the author wrote at home. C. The people the author met in the office. D. The time the author spent on the Internet. 7. How did the author manage to live a normal life again? A. By borrowing money from his friends. B. By buying a house. C. By working outside the home. D. By reading books. 8. What can we infer about the author? A. He still feels lonely now. B. He likes his lifestyle now. C. He doesn't feel like writing. D. He is too poor to buy an office. 【答案】5. C 6. A 7. C 8. B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述我在30多岁的时候辞职，感觉很自由，但是过了一段时间发现自己更加孤独，并且与我经历类似的朋友们也是这样，因此我得出感悟，我依然爱着上班例行公事的感觉，这让我更快乐。 5. 细节理解题。根据第二段“When I left my job in my late twenties to write a book, I thought I was a lucky dog. No more getting up early in the morning; no more worrying about what to wear to work. I could stay on my bed until late afternoon; I could wake up when I felt like it and enjoy my coffee as I worked on my book. At first, it was like being in heaven. (当我在快30岁的时候辞去工作去写一本书的时候，我觉得自己很幸运。不再早起；再也不用担心穿什么去上班了。我可以在床上一直躺到傍晚；我可以在我想起床的时候醒来，一边喝咖啡一边写书。起初，它就像在天堂一样。)”可知，作者最初辞职时的感受是自由。故选C。 6. 主旨大意题。根据第三段“But 20 books later, I began to feel lonely. It was just me, my work, and the Internet. I spent hours on the Internet instead of writing. I thought I was still close to everyone around me, but, in fact, I was more lonely than ever. As a result, I became more afraid of being out in the world. (但20本书之后，我开始感到孤独。只有我，我的工作和互联网。我花了几个小时上网而不是写作。我以为我仍然和身边的人很亲近，但事实上，我比以前更孤独了。结果，我变得更害怕外面的世界。)”可知，第三段主要讲述作者离职一段时间之后，感觉到更加孤独，即作者面临的问题。故选A。 7. 细节理解题。根据第四段“I was thinking about renting (租赁) an office, but I found that I would still be lonely. I called a few friends who worked at home as well and asked if they would like to join me. (我想租一间办公室，但我发现我还是会很孤独。我打电话给几个在家工作的朋友，问他们是否愿意和我一起去。)”可知，作者为了过上正常生活，打算离开家，去外面租办公室在外办公并与朋友取得联系。故选C。 8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Each of us has found that we now love the routine (常规) of “going to work” again, and we are all happier than before. (我们每个人都发现，我们现在又爱上了“上班”的例行公事，我们都比以前更快乐了。)”可知，作者现在很喜欢这种生活方式。故选B。 C (2024-2025学年广东省肇庆市四会市华侨中学高三学业水平英语模拟试题)Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do, and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready made; washing can go to the laundry; food can be bought; cooked, canned or preserved; bread is baked and delivered by the baker; milk arrives on the doorstep; meats can be had at the restaurant, the work’s canteen, and the school dining-room. It is unusual now for father to pursue his trade or other employment at home, and his children rarely, if ever, see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation, and in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money, and soon acquires a feeling of economic independence. In textile areas it has long been customary for mothers to go out to work, but this practice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual factor in a child’s home life, the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant(占主导地位的) figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. When mother works, economic advantages accrue, but children lose something of great value if mother’s employment prevents her from being home to greet them when they return from school. 9. The writer mentions home as workshop because________. A. fathers often pursue employment at home B. parents had to make food and necessities themselves for their daily life C. many families produce goods at home for sale D. both fathers and mothers in most families are workers 10. The writer says that home has become much less of a workshop. He means________. A. in the past, home was more like a workshop B. home is much more of a workshop now C. home-workshops are becoming fewer and fewer D. home was less like a workshop in the past 11. The chief reason that boys are seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation is ________. A. that children nowadays rarely see their fathers at their place of work B. that fathers do not like to pursue employment at home any more C. that there is a wide choice of employment for children D. that children also like to have jobs outside 12. What makes father no longer the only dominant person in a family? ________ A. With their earning, mother and children do not need to depend on father for their life. B. There are many choices of employment for mothers and children. C. Father does much less for his children today than he used to. D. The number of married women in employment has increased greatly now. 【答案】9. B 10. A 11. C 12. A 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述如今父母为孩子做事减少，家庭不再像作坊；父亲少在家工作，子女就业选择多，母亲外出工作普遍，父亲不再是家庭主导。 9. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do, and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready made; washing can go to the laundry; food can be bought; cooked, canned or preserved; bread is baked and delivered by the baker; milk arrives on the doorstep; meats can be had at the restaurant, the work’s canteen, and the school dining-room.(如今父母为孩子做的事比过去少得多，家庭也不再那么像一个作坊了。衣服可以买到现成的；洗衣服可以去洗衣房；食物可以买到；煮熟、罐装或腌制；面包由面包师烘烤和送来；牛奶送到了门口；肉类可以在餐厅、工作餐厅和学校餐厅享用。)”可知，过去家庭像“作坊”是因为父母需要亲手制作衣物、食物等日常生活必需品，而现在这些都能外购。故选B项。 10. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do, and home has become much less of a workshop.(如今父母为孩子做的事比过去少得多，家庭也不再那么像一个作坊了。)”可知，“home has become much less of a workshop”意为“家庭不像作坊的程度比过去高”，即“过去家庭更像一个作坊”。故选A项。 11. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation, and in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls.(因此，男孩很少被培养去从事父亲的职业，而且在许多城镇，他们有相当广泛的就业选择，女孩也是如此。)”可知，男孩很少继承父业的主要原因是他们有更多的就业选择。故选C项。 12. 细节理解题。根据第二段“With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant (占主导地位的) figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. (由于母亲有收入，大一点的孩子也能挣不少工资，父亲不再像本世纪初那样是家庭中占主导地位的人物了。)”可知，母亲和孩子有了收入，不再依赖父亲生活，这使得父亲不再是家庭中唯一的主导者。故选A项。 D (2024年江苏省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷)Part of growing up is learning how to work things out for yourself. However. when you’ re feeling sad or lost you don’t have to struggle alone. ______ There are lots of reasons why you could need help, for example, with schoolwork; learning a pew skill; or when you feel sad, anxious or angry. Feeling anxious because you’ re finding something difficult, or because it’s taking a long time to make progress, can alto make you feel like you can’t do it. These are all signs that you need help. When you’ re struggling with something. asking for help will move you forward more quickly than trying on your own. What stops you asking for help Asking for help isn’t always easy. It can be difficult if you’ re not sure who to ask. You might think your friends won’t want to be troubled or they haven’t got the time. If you feel sorry that you need help, or if you think asking for a helping hand is a sign of weakness, it makes it harder to turn to another person. Asking for support is brave Letting someone in trusting them with your story and asking them to listen to you and help you come up with ideas of how to deal with a problem takes great courage. When you ask for help, it takes the pressure off trying to work out everything by yourself. There are other benefits too. By asking for help, you practise saying what you need. It also shows you how someone else might feel when they’re struggling, which means you could be more able to offer a helping hand when someone needs it. 13. Which may best fill in the blank above Paragraph 2? A. Be sure of your ability B. Seeking help is a struggle C. When you might need help D. How you can make progress 14. Which may stop you asking for help? A. Being too busy. B. Having no friends. C. Being too confidant. D. Feeling sorry. 15. How many benefits of asking for help are mentioned in the last paragraph? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five 16. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Trust your best friends. B. Learn to reduce pressure. C. It is necessary to be independent. D. It is good to ask for help. 【答案】13. C 14. D 15. B 16. D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了遇到困难时寻求帮助是有益的及其原因。 13. 主旨大意题。根据第二段的“There are lots of reasons why you could need help, for example, with schoolwork; learning a new skill; or when you feel sad, anxious or angry.(你可能需要帮助的原因有很多，比如在功课方面；学习一项新技能的时候；又或者当你感到悲伤、焦虑或愤怒的时候)”可知，后文列举了一些可能需要帮助的情况，所以空白处应是引出 “什么时候可能需要帮助” 的内容，概括本段。故选C。 14. 细节理解题。根据 What stops you asking for help部分中“If you feel sorry that you need help, or if you think asking for a helping hand is a sign of weakness, it makes it harder to turn to another person.(如果你因为自己需要帮助而感到愧疚，或者你认为寻求他人的帮助是软弱的表现，那么这会让你更难以向他人求助)”可知，如果你因为需要帮助而感到愧疚，会让你更难向他人求助。因此，D选项“Feeling sorry(感到抱歉)”是阻止你寻求帮助的原因。故选D。 15. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“When you ask for help, it takes the pressure off trying to work out everything by yourself. There are other benefits too. By asking for help, you practise saying what you need. It also shows you how someone else might feel when they’re struggling, which means you could be more able to offer a helping hand when someone needs it.(当你寻求帮助时，这能减轻你试图独自解决所有问题的压力。这还有其他好处。通过寻求帮助，你可以锻炼说出自己的需求。这也能让你体会到别人在努力挣扎时的感受，这意味着当有人需要帮助时，你更有能力伸出援手)”可知，寻求帮助的好处有：减轻独自解决所有问题的压力；练习说出自己的需求；能理解他人在困境中的感受，从而在他人需要时更能伸出援手。因此，最后一段提到了三个寻求帮助的好处。故选B。 16. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容以及第一段的“Part of growing up is learning how to work things out for yourself. However. when you’ re feeling sad or lost you don’t have to struggle alone.(成长的一部分就是学会如何自己解决问题。然而，当你感到悲伤或迷茫时，你不必独自苦苦挣扎)”可知，文章主要讲述了寻求帮助的重要性和好处，包括减轻压力、练习表达需求、了解他人感受以及更有可能在别人需要时提供帮助。因此，D选项“It is good to ask for help.(寻求帮助是有益的)”最符合文章主旨。故选D。 二、完形填空 Once there was a poor little girl living near a forest. She had no family and no one to love her. So she often 1 sad and lonely. One day, when she was walking in the forest, she found that a small 2 was trapped unluckily in a bush. The butterfly tried to fly away 3 failed. The kind little girl saved the butterfly with great care. Instead of flying away, the butterfly turned 4 a beautiful fairy(仙女). The little girl was very 5 . “Thank you for 6 me. You are so kind. I will make any of your dreams come true.” said the fairy. The little girl thought for a moment and then said, “I want to be 7 !” The fairy said, “Very well. I will help you.” And she said something in the little girl’s ear. Then the fairy disappeared. As the kind little girl grew up, she was 8 ready to help people in need and was popular among the villagers. No one in the village was as happy as she was. Everyone asked her the 9 of her happiness. She always smiled and 10 , “The secret of my happiness is that I listened to a kind 11 when I was a little girl.” When the kind girl became a very old woman and was dying, the neighbours in the 12 all gathered(聚拢) around her bed because they were 13 that her secret of happiness would die with her. They asked, “Please tell us what the kind fairy said.” The lovely old woman still 14 and said, “She told me that everyone needed me, no matter how safe they seemed, no matter how rich or poor, no matter how old or 15 . She said that helping others would make me happy all my life.” 1. A. thought B. found C. sounded D. felt 2. A. butterfly B. bird C. snake D. squirrel 3. A. so B. or C. but D. as 4. A. on B. up C. into D. down 5. A. surprised B. tired C. worried D. frightened 6. A. catching B. beating C. killing D. saving 7. A. clever B. happy C. rich D. beautiful 8. A. always B. never C. seldom D. hardly 9. A. success B. secret C. purpose D. lesson 10. A. asked B. hoped C. answered D. refused 11. A. witch B. fairy C. ghost D. princess 12. A. village B. town C. city D. world 13. A. excited B. pleased C. glad D. afraid 14. A. shouted B. cried C. smiled D. jumped 15. A. young B. great C. nice D. quiet 【答案】 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A 【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述一个贫穷的小女孩在森林中救助了一只被困的蝴蝶，蝴蝶变成仙女后向她报恩，告诉她“帮助别人会使你一生快乐”，小女孩长大后践行这一教诲，成为村里最快乐的人的故事。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此她常常感到悲伤和孤独。A. thought想；B. found发现；C. sounded听起来；D. felt感觉。根据前文“She had no family and no one to love her.”可知，由于没有家人和爱，小女孩感到伤心和孤单。故选D项。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，当她在森林里散步时，她发现一只小蝴蝶不幸被困在灌木丛中。A. butterfly蝴蝶；B. bird鸟；C. snake蛇；D. squirrel松鼠。根据后文“The butterfly tried to fly away 3 failed.”可知，女孩发现了一只被困的蝴蝶。故选A项。 3. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：蝴蝶试图飞走，但失败了。A. so所以；B. or或者；C. but但是；D. as因为。根据后文“The kind little girl saved the butterfly with great care.”可知，女孩救助了被困的蝴蝶，说明这只蝴蝶试图飞，但失败了，前后为转折关系。故选C项。   4. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：蝴蝶没有飞走，而是变成了一位美丽的仙女。A. on在……上；B. up向上；C. into进入；D. down向下。根据语境，蝴蝶变成了美女，可知，turn into为固定搭配，意为“变成”。turn on意为“打开”，turn up意为“调高；出现”，turn down意为“调低；拒绝”。故选C项。   5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小女孩感到非常惊讶。A. surprised惊讶的；B. tired疲倦的；C. worried担心的；D. frightened害怕的。根据前文“Instead of flying away, the butterfly turned 4 a beautiful fairy (仙女).”可知，看到蝴蝶变成仙女，小女孩感到惊讶。故选A项。   6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢谢你救了我。A. catching抓住；B. beating打；C. killing杀死；D. saving救。根据前文“The kind little girl saved the butterfly with great care.”可知，蝴蝶表达感谢，因为小女孩救了它。故选D项。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小女孩想了一会儿，然后说：“我想要快乐！”A. clever聪明的；B. happy快乐的；C. rich富有的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据前文“So she often 1 sad and lonely.”以及后文“No one in the village was as happy as she was. Everyone asked her the 9 of her happiness. She always smiled and 10 , ‘The secret of my happiness is that I listened to a kind 11 when I was a little girl.’”可知，小女孩在遇到蝴蝶之前常常感到悲伤和孤独，而当长大后变得非常快乐，人们纷纷问她快乐的秘诀。因此，小女孩的愿望是“快乐”。故选B项。 8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当这个善良的小女孩长大后，她总是乐于帮助有需要的人，在村民中很受欢迎。A. always总是；B. never从不；C. seldom很少；D. hardly几乎不。根据空后“was popular among the villagers.”可知，她在村民中受欢迎，说明她总是乐于助人。故选A项。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都问她幸福的秘密。A. success成功；B. secret秘密；诀窍；C. purpose目的；D. lesson教训。根据后文“She always smiled and 10 , ‘The secret of my happiness is that I listened to a kind 11 when I was a little girl.”可知，人们询问女孩快乐的诀窍。故选B项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她总是微笑着回答：“我幸福的秘密是小时候我听了一位善良的仙女的话。”A. asked问；B. hoped希望；C. answered回答；D. refused拒绝。根据前文“Everyone asked her the 9 of her happiness.”可知，人们询问她快乐的诀窍，小女孩作出回应。故选C项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. witch女巫；B. fairy仙女；C. ghost鬼；D. princess公主。根据前文描述小女孩的经历以及后文“They asked, ‘Please tell us what the kind fairy said.’”可知，小女孩小时候听了一位仙女的话。故选B项。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当这个善良的女孩变成了一个很老的女人，奄奄一息的时候，村里的邻居们都聚集在她的床边，因为他们担心她的幸福秘密会随着她的去世而消失。A. village村庄；B. town镇；C. city城市；D. world世界。根据前文“As the kind little girl grew up, she was 8 ready to help people in need and was popular among the villagers. No one in the village was as happy as she was. Everyone asked her the 9 of her happiness.”以及“neighbours”可知，聚拢在她身边的是村里的邻居们。故选A项。   13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. excited兴奋的；B. pleased高兴的；C. glad开心的；D. afraid害怕的，担心的。根据空后“her secret of happiness would die with her.”可知，村民因担心幸福秘诀随她逝去而聚集。故选D项。     14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位可爱的老妇人仍然微笑着说：“她告诉我，每个人都需要我，无论他们看起来多么安全，无论贫富，无论老少。”A. shouted喊叫；B. cried哭泣；C. smiled微笑；D. jumped跳跃。根据前文“She always smiled and 10 , ‘The secret of my happiness is that I listened to a kind 11 when I was a little girl.’”以及“still”可知，这位老妇人始终保持微笑，说明她的乐观的心态。故选C项。   15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. young年轻的；B. great伟大的；C. nice好的；D. quiet安静的。根据“how old or”可知，or连接反义词。故选A项。 三、语法填空 You may remember back at the start of December, 1 China carried out their unmanned Chang’e-5 mission and the spacecraft touched down on the moon to collect samples for research. Now it 2 (success) returned to the Earth. This is the most significant event in China’s space field, and also one of the most notable space 3 (activity) globally. Chang’e-5, 4 (launch) by a Long March 5 heavy-lift carrier rocket early on Nov 24, is the nation’s 5 (large) and most complex lunar probe. It returned with 1,731 grams of lunar rock and soil to the Earth, 6 (mark) a historic accomplishment 44 years after the last lunar substances were taken back. The 23-day mission was China’s first space journey to claim extraterrestrial samples, making 7 the third country to accomplish the task, the first being the USA in the 1960’s and the second Soviet Union in the 1970’s. The spacecraft 8 (enter) the Earth’s atmosphere at an altitude of around 120km. As soon as it was 10km above land, it released its parachute and landed smoothly in China's Inner Mongolia. Now the spacecraft has been air lifted to Beijing where the samples 9 (examine) by scientists very soon. The mission’s results will contribute 10 mankind’s deeper understanding of the moon’s origins and the evolution of the solar system. 【答案】 1. when 2. successfully 3. activities 4. launched 5. largest 6. marking 7. it 8. entered 9. will be examined 10. to 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了嫦娥五号进行为期23天的太空之旅获取外星样本，使中国成为第三个完成这项任务的国家。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：你可能还记得去年12月初，中国执行了嫦娥五号无人驾驶任务，飞船着陆月球，采集样本用于研究。定语从句的先行词是the start of December，表示时间，且在定语从句中充当时间状语。故填when。 2. 考查副词。句意：现在它成功地返回了地球。空处修饰动词returned，需要用副词。故填successfully。 3. 考查名词。句意：这是中国航天领域最重大的事件，也是全球最引人注目的航天活动之一。根据one of可知空处应该用可数名词的复数形式。故填activities。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：嫦娥五号于11月24日凌晨由长征五号重型运载火箭发射升空，是中国最大、最复杂的月球探测器。空处的launch作定语，且与被修饰的Chang’e-5为被动关系，用过去分词。故填launched。 5. 考查形容词最高级。句意：见上题。根据由and连接，并列的most complex lunar probe可知，空处需要用最高级。故填largest。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它带回了1731克的月球岩石和土壤，在最后一批月球物质被带回44年后，这标志着一项历史性的成就。空处为结果状语，且与句子的主语It为主动关系，用现在分词。故填marking。 7. 考查代词。句意：这次为期23天的任务是中国首次太空之旅获取外星样本，使中国成为第三个完成这项任务的国家，第一个是60年代的美国，第二个是70年代的苏联。空处需要用代词指代China。故填it。 8. 考查谓语动词的时态。句意：宇宙飞船在大约120千米的高度进入地球大气层。表示发生在过去的动作，用一般过去时。故填entered。 9. 考查谓语动词的时态。句意：现在宇宙飞船已经被空运到北京，那里的样本将很快被科学家检测。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据very soon可知要用一般将来时;且examine与samples为被动关系，用被动语态。故填will be examined。 10. 考查介词。句意：这次任务的结果将有助于人类更深入地了解月球的起源和太阳系的演化。contribute to…为固定短语，意为“有助于……”。故填to。 【点睛】语法填空题目需要在理解文本意思的基础上，分析句法结构,综合做出判断。 四、应用文写作 假如你是红星中学高二学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim想了解你最钦佩的一位名人。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 该人物的介绍； 2. 你钦佩的理由。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Jim,​ I’m glad you asked about the celebrity I admire most — Tu Youyou, a renowned Chinese scientist. Born in 1930, she has devoted over 60 years to medical research, focusing on combining traditional Chinese medicine with modern science. In 2015, she became the first Chinese woman to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.​ What impresses me most is her perseverance and selflessness. For decades, she worked day and night in simple labs, overcoming equipment shortages and failures to find a malaria cure. Finally, she discovered artemisinin, which has saved over 6 million lives in Africa and Asia. Even in her 90s, she guides young researchers. Her story inspires me to keep going when facing challenges.​ Yours,​ Li Hua 【语篇导读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华身份写邮件，向外国朋友介绍自己最钦佩的名人及其原因。 【详解】 1.词汇积累 奉献：devote → dedicate 专注于：focus on → concentrate on 结合：combine → integrate 毅力：perseverance → persistence 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Born in 1930, she has devoted over 60 years to medical research, focusing on combining traditional Chinese medicine with modern science. 拓展句：Born in 1930, she has devoted over 60 years to medical research, which focuses on combining traditional Chinese medicine with modern science. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】What impresses me most is her perseverance and selflessness.(运用了what引导的主语从句) 【高分句型2】Finally, she discovered artemisinin, which has saved over 6 million lives in Africa and Asia.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $