专题03 完形填空 （知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）（讲义，广东专用）英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题03 完形填空 目录 明晰学考要求 1 基础知识梳理 1 考点精讲讲练 2 考点一：语境理解题 2 考点二：逻辑关系题 2 考点三：词汇辨析题 2 考点四：语法知识题 3 实战能力训练 5 1. 掌握语篇理解能力 2. 理解上下文逻辑关系 3. 辨析词汇在语境中的准确含义 4. 运用语法知识完成语篇 （一）考查内容全面性 学考完形填空题考查的内容相当全面，不仅测试语言知识，更注重语篇理解能力和逻辑推理能力。 语境理解：考查学生通过上下文理解词义、推断信息的能力。例如，在一篇关于环保的文章中，出现"We should ______ the use of plastic bags to protect our environment."，需要根据上下文选择"reduce"（减少），而不是其他选项如"increase"（增加）或"ignore"（忽视）。 逻辑关系：考查学生对文章中因果、转折、递进、并列等逻辑关系的理解。常见的逻辑关系词包括：however（然而）、therefore（因此）、moreover（而且）、for example（例如）等。 词汇运用：考查近义词辨析、固定搭配、词语在具体语境中的准确含义。例如："make a decision"（做决定）是固定搭配，不能换成"do a decision"或"take a decision"。 语法知识：考查时态、语态、非谓语动词、从句等语法知识在语篇中的综合运用。学生需要根据上下文判断正确的时态和语态。 （一）语境理解题 考查形式及示例：学考完形填空重点考查通过上下文理解词义的能力。例如： "John is a very ______ person. He always helps others without expecting anything in return." A. kind B. strict C. lazy D. shy 正确答案是A，因为后文"他总是无私帮助别人"说明John是个善良的人。 解题技巧：通读全文，理解文章大意；注意空白处前后句子的逻辑关系；利用上下文提供的线索进行推理判断。 答题注意事项：不要孤立地看一个句子，要把空白处放在整个语篇中理解；注意文章的情感基调和作者态度。 （二）逻辑关系题 考查形式及示例：考查学生对文章逻辑结构的理解。例如： "Many people think that learning English is difficult. ______, with proper methods and persistence, it can be mastered." A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Meanwhile 正确答案是A，因为前后句是转折关系。 解题技巧：分析句子间的逻辑关系；熟悉常见的逻辑关系词及其用法；注意文章的发展脉络。 答题注意事项：区分不同逻辑关系词的细微差别；注意中英文表达逻辑的差异。 （三）词汇辨析题 考查形式及示例：考查近义词在不同语境中的准确运用。例如： "The teacher asked us to ______ attention to the important points." A. give B. pay C. draw D. bring 正确答案是B，因为"pay attention to"是固定搭配。 解题技巧：掌握常见固定搭配；区分近义词的用法差异；根据语境选择最恰当的词语。 答题注意事项：注意英汉表达的差异；避免受母语思维影响；积累常见的动词短语和介词搭配。 （四）语法知识题 考查形式及示例：考查语法知识在语篇中的运用。例如： "By the time we arrived, the meeting ______ for half an hour." A. had started B. had been on C. started D. has started 正确答案是B，因为"by the time"引导的时间状语从句要求主句用过去完成时，且"会议进行"要用延续性动词。 解题技巧：分析句子结构；判断时态和语态；注意主谓一致；掌握非谓语动词的用法。 答题注意事项：注意语境中的时间状语；区分及物动词和不及物动词；掌握常见句型的用法。 解题步骤指导： 第一步：快速通读全文，掌握文章大意，了解文章体裁和基本内容。 第二步：仔细阅读每个段落，分析句子间的逻辑关系，理解上下文语境。 第三步：逐个分析选项，运用语法知识和词汇知识进行选择。 第四步：完成所有题目后，通读全文，检查答案是否使文章意思通顺、逻辑连贯。 时间分配建议：建议用8-10分钟完成一篇完形填空，其中3-4分钟用于初读和理解，4-5分钟用于答题，1-2分钟用于检查。 例题精练，举一反三 1. Many students find it difficult to learn English. ______, with proper methods and enough practice, it can be mastered. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Besides 2. The teacher asked us to ______ attention to the key points in the class. A. give B. pay C. draw D. bring 3. By the time we arrived at the station, the train ______ for ten minutes. A. had left B. had been away C. left D. has left 4. If I ______ you, I would accept the job offer without hesitation. A. am B. was C. were D. be 5. The problem is so ______ that it requires immediate action. A. urgent B. normal C. simple D. interesting 6. Not only ______ English well, but he also speaks French fluently. A. he speaks B. does he speak C. speaks he D. he does speak 7. We should ______ waste paper to protect our environment. A. reduce B. increase C. produce D. ignore 8. It was in this library ______ I first met my best friend. A. that B. which C. where D. when 9. The children are playing ______ in the garden. A. happy B. happiness C. happily D. happier 10. He suggested that we ______ the meeting until next week. A. put off B. put on C. put up D. put down 11. ______ from the top of the mountain, the whole city looks beautiful. A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. See 12. The more you read, the ______ knowledge you will get. A. much B. more C. most D. many 13. I'll never forget the days ______ we spent together in the countryside. A. when B. where C. that D. why 14. He made such rapid progress ______ he soon became the best in the class. A. as B. that C. so D. which 15. If it ______ rain tomorrow, we will go for a picnic. A. doesn't B. didn't C. won't D. wouldn't 16. The book is worth ______. A. read B. to read C. reading D. being read 17. ______ he is young, he knows a lot about world history. A. Although B. Because C. If D. Unless 18. We must try our best to prevent the river from ______. A. pollute B. polluting C. polluted D. being polluted 19. He speaks English ______ he were a native speaker. A. even if B. as if C. as long as D. so that 20. It is important for students ______ good study habits. A. develop B. to develop C. developing D. developed 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 When I was growing up, I had an old neighbour Dr Gibbs, a good doctor. When Dr Gibbs wasn’t 1 lives, he was planting trees. His house covered an area of ten acres, and his life’s 2 was to make it a forest. The good doctor had some interesting theories 3 plant care and growth. He never 4 his new trees, which went against traditional practices. Once I asked why, he said that watering plants did 5 to them so that their later generation would grow weaker and weaker. So you had to make things tough for them and removed the 6 early on. He talked about how watering trees made for shallow roots, and how trees that weren’t watered had to grow deep roots 7 moisture(水分). He meant that deep roots had to be 8 . For this reason, he 9 watered his new trees. Dr Gibbs passed away a couple of years after I left home. Every now and again, I walked by his house and looked at the 10 that he had planted when he was alive. They’re extremely tall and big 11 they have deep roots now. However, the trees in my garden trembled in a cold wind although I had watered them for several years. It seems that suffering 12 these trees, while comfort and ease never can. I stood there deep in 13 . Every night before I go to bed, I check on my two sons. Mostly, I pray that their lives will be easy. But I think that it’s time to 14 my prayer because now I know my children are going to 15 hardship. 1．A．earning B．making C．saving D．losing 2．A．action B．wisdom C．style D．goal 3．A．about B．with C．by D．under 4．A．planted B．watered C．cut D．harvested 5．A．benefit B．good C．harm D．favour 6．A．stronger B．taller C．younger D．weaker 7．A．in search of B．in face of C．in favour of D．in charge of 8．A．cut B．grown C．treasured D．removed 9．A．always B．often C．sometimes D．never 10．A．trees B．roots C．flowers D．seeds 11．A．until B．though C．since D．if 12．A．benefits B．damages C．touches D．attracts 13．A．trouble B．thought C．regret D．joy 14．A．explain B．prove C．insist D．change 15．A．refuse B．face C．forbid D．provide 2 Boundaries are everywhere. Some are for security. Some are for privacy. But some are just for us to 16 . One day, after supper, I took a walk on the 17 . Taotao, my 5-year-old son, was bouncing excitedly behind me. He 18 a thin stick and acted as the Monkey King all the time. The sidewalk was paved by red bricks, 19 sharply with the pitch (沥青)-paved bikeway and formed a clear 20 . “Use the sidewalk. It’s safe,” I 21 my son frequently. Suddenly, a maple leaf was blown off and 22 quietly on the bikeway, about two steps away. Taotao was totally 23 . He stopped, bent down and tried to fetch it but failed. He 24 his stick, tried hard again but still failed. A bit 25 , he stood up and moved one step forward, but not beyond the boundary. After several more attempts with the stick, the leaf was still not moving to him. I was right beside him, worried a lot about his further 26 . Finally, he stood up, threw away the stick 27 , stepped across the boundary and picked up the leaf directly. Yeah! I saw a 28 smile on his face! Many times we 29 our thinking within a boundary and can’t find a good solution; many times we hold existing 30 at hand, never thinking about whether they are still useful. We are not lacking in knowledge but short of knowing how to break the thinking boundaries. 16．A．build B．break C．adjust D．expand 17．A．driveway B．crosswalk C．sidewalk D．bikeway 18．A．swung B．hid C．rolled D．bent 19．A．contrasting B．combining C．comparing D．corresponding 20．A．sign B．boundary C．figure D．pattern 21．A．threatened B．urged C．inspired D．reminded 22．A．laid B．put C．sank D．landed 23．A．convinced B．absorbed C．controlled D．trapped 24．A．broke up B．picked up C．reached out D．sent out 25．A．annoyed B．satisfied C．delighted D．concerned 26．A．progress B．vision C．observation D．finding 27．A．repeatedly B．accidentally C．heavily D．carefully 28．A．bitter B．embarrassing C．sweet D．curious 29．A．start B．restrict C．close D．operate 30．A．facilities B．materials C．weapons D．tools 3 When I was in third grade, my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a/an 31 journey; it was a journey of discovery into our 32 . Every day, Dad 33 us with his trusty road map. Mom, the heart of our family, shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming 34 . We went through diverse 35 from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West. One day, while hiking through the Grand Canyon, I 36 a particularly rough path. Frightened, I 37 , not knowing how to proceed. That’s when my parents 38 . As Dad showed me footholds, Mom coached me with calming 39 and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead. Then, I 40 the confidence as my feet 41 solid ground again. When I finally overcame my fear, I felt we became 42 as a family. From then on, every evening, we’d gather around a campfire for what we 43 called “Family Reflection Time”. During these sessions, we’d share laughs, 44 , and insights from the day’s experiences. The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn’t merely about reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the route, and the family bonds formed when facing 45 together. 31．A．crowded B．physical C．creative D．necessary 32．A．relationships B．potentials C．dreams D．inspirations 33．A．guided B．encouraged C．comforted D．attracted 34．A．events B．stations C．locations D．shows 35．A．cultures B．landscapes C．groups D．countries 36．A．imagined B．constructed C．smoothed D．encountered 37．A．froze B．flew C．fell D．forgot 38．A．reached down B．stood aside C．stepped in D．turned back 39．A．words B．worries C．noises D．thoughts 40．A．lost B．maintained C．demonstrate D．restored 41．A．left B．broke C．found D．dug 42．A．nicer B．tougher C．braver D．closer 43．A．originally B．affectionately C．frequently D．simply 44．A．sympathy B．conflict C．tears D．profits 45．A．challenges B．defeats C．opposition D．uncertainty 4 I had spent the previous decade working 46 toward my goal of becoming a professor. However, after my 30th birthday, the attraction of academia 47 . I decided to 48 my academic career plans and set my sights on business. Soon, an offer arrived: a six figure research 49 in product development. It seemed to be everything I 50 , so I took it. Yet, later I found I was back to the 51 tasks I’d once completed as an undergraduate research assistant. Repeated routine work wasn’t where I wanted to be in my career. I was more 52 — I wanted to 53 projects and lead a team. But the general manager wouldn’t give those 54 to me until I’d proved myself. I realized I need to let go of the idea that I was already a(n) “ 55 ” in my field. I had to become a(n) 56 once again. So, in the months that followed, I set out to learn everything I could about my new career. In some ways, product development was 57 to my academic research. But in other ways, it was vastly different. I needed to create profit, not just 58 . As I read professional materials passionately, I realized my PhD gave me a “learner” personality — loving to 59 and grow. Two years later, I became the chief engineer at the company. When asked to describe my greatest 60 , I smiled and said: “I have a PhD．I learn incredibly fast.” 46．A．frequently B．continually C．unwillingly D．occasionally 47．A．faded B．exchanged C．increased D．appeared 48．A．try out for B．take pride in C．get rid of D．come up with 49．A．project B．salary C．demand D．position 50．A．owned B．harvested C．designed D．expected 51．A．mixed B．difficult C．dull D．burdensome 52．A．independent B．ambitious C．promising D．generous 53．A．manage B．change C．fund D．study 54．A．benefits B．responsibilities C．congratulations D．pressures 55．A．expert B．professor C．partner D．performer 56．A．member B．manager C．student D．engineer 57．A．equal B．similar C．helpful D．contradictory 58．A．products B．opportunities C．knowledge D．accounts 59．A．expand B．negotiate C．advocate D．recite 60．A．principle B．aim C．decision D．strength 5 A 13-year-old boy Bede had a great love for chess. He spent countless hours practicing his 61 . One Wednesday afternoon, as Bede was walking home from school, he 62 a poster announcing the World Chess Championship taking place in his city. It 63 his attention immediately. Bede’s eyes widened with 64 as he read the details, and his heart skipped a beat. But at the same time, he was afraid because of his lack of match experience, and was 65 to take part in the game. 66 by his parents, Bede decided to participate in the competition. As he arrived, taking a deep breath, Bede 67 the registration desk. The tournament organizers were 68 to see such a young boy standing before them. 69 his determination, they cheered Bede on. As the championship 70 , Bede went from being nervous and uneasy at first to feeling 71 at ease and in his element now. Despite facing 72 opponents, like the seasoned grandmaster, Bede remained calm and persevered. He analyzed each move carefully, and his confidence grew with each game. Although Bede did not win the championship, his courage and 73 earned him respect and admiration, 74 chess players worldwide. Bede 75 to study and practice, knowing that the journey to becoming a true chess grandmaster had just begun. 61．A．trips B．activities C．moves D．meetings 62．A．came across B．put up C．took over D．crashed into 63．A．protected B．passed C．reached D．caught 64．A．doubt B．appreciation C．fear D．excitement 65．A．proud B．hesitant C．curious D．eager 66．A．Invited B．Asked C．Encouraged D．Confused 67．A．cleaned B．approached C．pushed D．repaired 68．A．surprised B．anxious C．angry D．frightened 69．A．Telling B．Wondering C．Ignoring D．Sensing 70．A．strengthened B．progressed C．revolved D．appeared 71．A．completely B．calmly C．regularly D．potentially 72．A．violent B．helpful C．experienced D．active 73．A．satisfaction B．determination C．punishment D．disappointment 74．A．challenging B．increasing C．awarding D．inspiring 75．A．started B．attempted C．continued D．waited 6 Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi for a living. One night, when it was my time to work, I went to 76 a passenger at 2:30 AM. The building was dark except for one light. Usually, I just honked (鸣喇叭). 77 , I went to the door instead. I 78 to myself that this person might need my help. After knocking, a 79 , elderly voice answered. Soon, the door opened. A small woman in her 80s stood there. By her side was a small nylon suitcase. The 80 looked as if no one had lived in it for years. I carried her bag to the cab and then returned to assist her. 81 , she took my arm, and we walked slowly to the car. When we got in the cab, she gave an address and then asked, “Could you drive 82 downtown?” “It’s not the shortest way,” I answered 83 . She explained she was in no hurry and was on her way to a special nursing home. 84 this, I reached over and shut off the machine for charging. For the next two hours, we drove around the city. Sometimes, she would ask me to 85 in front of a particular building and sit staring into the darkness,   86 nothing. As dawn broke, we drove to the address she had given me. Two nurses came out. The woman was soon 87 in a wheelchair. “How much do I 88 you?” she asked. “Nothing,” I said. I didn’t pick up any more passengers that 89 . I was lost in thought. Upon review, I felt that I had done nothing more important in my life. We often believe life is made up of grand events. Yet the most 90 moments arrive quietly, hidden within what may seem like small, ordinary encounters. 76．A．collect B．admire C．thank D．search 77．A．However B．Therefore C．Besides D．Meanwhile 78．A．shouted B．reasoned C．complained D．admitted 79．A．firm B．clear C．loud D．weak 80．A．laboratory B．basement C．apartment D．bar 81．A．Gently B．Suddenly C．Finally D．Regretfully 82．A．beside B．through C．from D．to 83．A．calmly B．anxiously C．immediately D．proudly 84．A．Hearing B．Watching C．Ignoring D．Remembering 85．A．pull up B．speed up C．look up D．come up 86．A．saying B．getting C．showing D．understanding 87．A．forced B．advised C．seated D．impressed 88．A．spare B．owe C．borrow D．lend 89．A．holiday B．cycle C．shift D．visit 90．A．great B．common C．obvious D．various 7 Nima Rinji Sherpa, 18, reached the top of 8,027-meter Shishapangma at 6:05 local time on October 9, along with his partner Pasang Nurbu Sherpa. Previously, Mingma Gyabu “David” Sherpa 91 all 14 mountains by the age of 30 in 2019, according to Guinness World Records, which states on its website that new records can take weeks to 92 . Nima started his splendid journey in September 2022 when he climbed Nepal’s 8,163 m Manaslu. Over the next two years, he 93 all of the “8000ers” 94 Everest, the world’s highest mountain at 8,848.86 m. Nima took to Instagram to mark the completion of the 95 challenge, writing: “I devote this world record to my project, Sherpa Power. This summit is not just the peak of my personal journey, but a precious gift to every Sherpa who has ever dared to dream beyond the traditional boundaries set for us. Mountaineering is more than labor; it is 96 for our strength, toughness, and passion.” Nepal’s Sherpas have lived in the high altitudes of the Himalayas for generations and long served as guides and porters, whose local knowledge and skills has been 97 for foreigners attempting climbs in the area. Although they carry heavy equipment and supplies up mountains and guide people to high altitude summits in dangerous conditions, they often don’t receive the recognition or rewards they 98 . “Through Sherpa Power, I want to show the younger generation of Sherpas that they can rise above the label of being only support climbers and 99 their potential as top athletes, adventurers, and creators,” Nima added. “We are not just guides; we are 100 . Let this be a call to every Sherpa to see the 101 in our work and the limitless possibilities in our 102 .” Nima’s achievement has 103 attention worldwide, not only for his young age but also for the message he conveys about Sherpa identity and potential. He hopes that more Sherpas will step out of the traditional roles and 104 their own paths in mountaineering and beyond. This record is not just a personal breakthrough but a 105 for an entire community. 91．A．missed B．mounted C．visited D．researched 92．A．confirm B．deny C．ignore D．forget 93．A．attacked B．searched C．conquered D．damaged 94．A．composing B．including C．avoiding D．observing 95．A．tiring B．amusing C．boring D．interesting 96．A．doubt B．criticism C．proof D．imagination 97．A．worthless B．priceless C．valueless D．useless 98．A．reserve B．desire C．offer D．deserve 99．A．bring out B．bring in C．bring about D．bring up 100．A．followers B．pathfinders C．supporters D．climbers 101．A．shame B．humor C．dignity D．curiosity 102．A．past B．present C．future D．memory 103．A．attracted B．lost C．paid D．divided 104．A．find B．follow C．destroy D．avoid 105．A．failure B．gift C．challenge D．victory 8 Marley Christian found a young koala, next to his dying mother. However, becoming motherless wasn’t his only 106 . The rescuer from Friends of the Koala also 107 he was missing a foot. Marley did her best for Triumph, the koala. She used socks to 108 his stump (残肢), which helped ease the discomfort triumph felt whenever he tried to put 109 on it, but Marley thought she couldn’t 110 there. She began searching the Internet for pet prostheses (假体). But for a koala, there was nothing 111 . “I was told it couldn’t be done,” Marley said. Marley did find a company specializing in animal prostheses that would like to 112 the case, but they were unsuccessful after several 113 . Eventually Marley found the 114 right in her neighborhood. She mentioned Triumph’s trouble to her dental prosthetist Jon Doulman, and he 115 to find a way to make a prosthesis for Triumph. “ 116 , it’s different from tooth problems,” Jon said. “But it’s worth a try.” After making one 117 of Triumph’s stump, he created a pink rubber boot, which could help make Triumph’s 118 of movement return. “It’s a seemingly 119 thing. But the design of the dentist does change Triumph’s life. Once the boot was 120 , he did a little jump, and then ran around. I actually cried,” said Marley. 106．A．accident B．misfortune C．result D．difference 107．A．doubted B．wondered C．concluded D．noticed 108．A．cover B．cure C．warm D．treat 109．A．stress B．hope C．burden D．weight 110．A．continue B．leave C．cease D．stick 111．A．helpful B．available C．convenient D．satisfactory 112．A．take on B．figure out C．seek for D．look into 113．A．examinations B．attempts C．discussions D．treatments 114．A．inspiration B．support C．response D．solution 115．A．happened B．agreed C．volunteered D．recommended 116．A．Naturally B．Surprisingly C．Thankfully D．Strangely 117．A．example B．model C．issue D．mark 118．A．preference B．memory C．freedom D．intention 119．A．ordinary B．touching C．imperfect D．unlikely 120．A．adjusted B．completed C．attached D．confirmed 9 I’ve always wanted to do a long bike ride, and I longed for a huge adventure. I was 121 that this adventure would be sort of like a personal 122 . I also saw it as a(an) 123 to raise awareness about the Tongass National Forest. 124 , I wanted to ride my bike to Alaska alone, but then I 125 that it would be way more fun to do it with a friend, so I called Alex. It was an 126 adventure, and we did a lot of cool things. 127 , what I saw made me sad. We got to see the human 128 on nature in a way that I just hadn’t been exposed to before. I had a false 129 that there was still a lot of untouched nature out there. We biked 2,400 miles, and it turned out that basically the only places that remained 130 were the national parks. Everything else felt like it had been logged or mined or somehow extracted. The town we 131 through gets bigger 132 cutting down all the trees. 133 all this human impact, I strongly felt how much the world we’ve already 134 . I guess that the only places on Earth that have not had 135 human impact are the places that are just too difficult to reach. I thought a lot about it. It’s one of those things where you have to decide between doing something that’s totally green or you can tell an inspiring story. 121．A．pitiful B．hopeful C．grateful D．mindful 122．A．transformation B．passion C．transportation D．solution 123．A．security B．advertisement C．opportunity D．commitment 124．A．Potentially B．Abnormally C．Gradually D．Originally 125．A．realized B．detected C．denied D．recommended 126．A．identical B．remarkable C．embarrassing D．academic 127．A．Meanwhile B．Therefore C．Perhaps D．Otherwise 128．A．extract B．reflection C．impact D．affection 129．A．prediction B．interaction C．decision D．perception 130．A．unbalanced B．uncontrolled C．untouched D．unfinished 131．A．ran B．worked C．cut D．biked 132．A．with the objective of B．at the expense of C．without D．within 133．A．Advocating B．Favoring C．Witnessing D．Approving 134．A．destroyed B．protected C．explored D．polluted 135．A．relevant B．instant C．efficient D．vast 10 Once upon a time, much of the world was populated by wolves. They ranged all over the United States and Canada, Siberia and much of mainland Europe, as well as Great Britain, and if humans hadn’t come along, they would still be there 136 . But man did come along, farmed the land, 137 the wolves killing their livestock (家畜) and so gradually drove them out of the homes that had once been theirs. Wolves are not 138 in our language and our literature, however. In fairy stories, they are seen as evil and dangerous, always 139 to eat people. Remember the time when Little Red Riding Hood thinks that a wolf is her grandmother? “What big teeth you’ve got, Grandmother?” she says, and the wolf, disguised (伪装) as her grandmother, shouts back, “All the better to eat you with, my dear!” If you really want to see how English-speaking humans think of the wolf, just look at the 140 ! “A wolf in sheep’s clothing” is not a pleasant person and a “wolf-whistle” is not a pleasant sound! Yet wolves are totally unlike the image we have of them from legend and language. For a start, they don’t 141 humans; indeed, they do their best to keep out of our way. They are very sociable animals, living in packs and looking after their young with a fondness that should make some humans 142 themselves. Far from wolf music being 143 , the howl of the wolf — the cry of the whole pack — as the full moon rises in a star-bright sky, is one of the most beautiful sounds in nature. They are beautiful creatures which can run at speeds of up to 65 kph if they have to. They can jump up and run up rock faces like a cat. And when they do 144 , their 42 large teeth are fearsomely effective. But the 145 remains that we love the lion, the king of the jungle, while we demonize (妖魔化) the wolf, one of the most beautiful animals in the world. Only 146 do writers treat them nicely; 147 , a she-wolf is supposed to have fed the twins Remus and Romulus, who went on to found the city of Rome. And so, while man kills animals in their millions, often just for the fun of it, the wolf on the mountain, out in the wilderness, running over the Siberian wastes, represents a state of natural 148 that we do not know and can never obtain, even though we 149 it in our hearts. Perhaps that’s why, in the end, we 150 the wolf so much — for having something we can never get our hands on. 136．A．on a regular basis B．to a small extent C．in great numbers D．beyond certain limits 137．A．succeeded in B．agreed with C．worked out D．objected to 138．A．killers B．victims C．characters D．mistakes 139．A．reluctant B．ready C．unlikely D．sure 140．A．language B．behaviour C．teaching D．learning 141．A．avoid B．frighten C．attack D．protest 142．A．surprised at B．pleased with C．ashamed of D．interested in 143．A．peaceful B．loud C．musical D．soft 144．A．run B．kill C．jump D．cry 145．A．possibility B．mystery C．evidence D．fact 146．A．occasionally B．recently C．immediately D．finally 147．A．on the whole B．in addition C．even so D．for example 148．A．duty B．grace C．competition D．skill 149．A．dream of B．live by C．fight against D．learn from 150．A．cage B．keep C．hate D．notice / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 完形填空 目录 明晰学考要求 1 基础知识梳理 1 考点精讲讲练 2 考点一：语境理解题 2 考点二：逻辑关系题 2 考点三：词汇辨析题 2 考点四：语法知识题 3 实战能力训练 6 1. 掌握语篇理解能力 2. 理解上下文逻辑关系 3. 辨析词汇在语境中的准确含义 4. 运用语法知识完成语篇 （一）考查内容全面性 学考完形填空题考查的内容相当全面，不仅测试语言知识，更注重语篇理解能力和逻辑推理能力。 语境理解：考查学生通过上下文理解词义、推断信息的能力。例如，在一篇关于环保的文章中，出现"We should ______ the use of plastic bags to protect our environment."，需要根据上下文选择"reduce"（减少），而不是其他选项如"increase"（增加）或"ignore"（忽视）。 逻辑关系：考查学生对文章中因果、转折、递进、并列等逻辑关系的理解。常见的逻辑关系词包括：however（然而）、therefore（因此）、moreover（而且）、for example（例如）等。 词汇运用：考查近义词辨析、固定搭配、词语在具体语境中的准确含义。例如："make a decision"（做决定）是固定搭配，不能换成"do a decision"或"take a decision"。 语法知识：考查时态、语态、非谓语动词、从句等语法知识在语篇中的综合运用。学生需要根据上下文判断正确的时态和语态。 （一）语境理解题 考查形式及示例：学考完形填空重点考查通过上下文理解词义的能力。例如： "John is a very ______ person. He always helps others without expecting anything in return." A. kind B. strict C. lazy D. shy 正确答案是A，因为后文"他总是无私帮助别人"说明John是个善良的人。 解题技巧：通读全文，理解文章大意；注意空白处前后句子的逻辑关系；利用上下文提供的线索进行推理判断。 答题注意事项：不要孤立地看一个句子，要把空白处放在整个语篇中理解；注意文章的情感基调和作者态度。 （二）逻辑关系题 考查形式及示例：考查学生对文章逻辑结构的理解。例如： "Many people think that learning English is difficult. ______, with proper methods and persistence, it can be mastered." A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Meanwhile 正确答案是A，因为前后句是转折关系。 解题技巧：分析句子间的逻辑关系；熟悉常见的逻辑关系词及其用法；注意文章的发展脉络。 答题注意事项：区分不同逻辑关系词的细微差别；注意中英文表达逻辑的差异。 （三）词汇辨析题 考查形式及示例：考查近义词在不同语境中的准确运用。例如： "The teacher asked us to ______ attention to the important points." A. give B. pay C. draw D. bring 正确答案是B，因为"pay attention to"是固定搭配。 解题技巧：掌握常见固定搭配；区分近义词的用法差异；根据语境选择最恰当的词语。 答题注意事项：注意英汉表达的差异；避免受母语思维影响；积累常见的动词短语和介词搭配。 （四）语法知识题 考查形式及示例：考查语法知识在语篇中的运用。例如： "By the time we arrived, the meeting ______ for half an hour." A. had started B. had been on C. started D. has started 正确答案是B，因为"by the time"引导的时间状语从句要求主句用过去完成时，且"会议进行"要用延续性动词。 解题技巧：分析句子结构；判断时态和语态；注意主谓一致；掌握非谓语动词的用法。 答题注意事项：注意语境中的时间状语；区分及物动词和不及物动词；掌握常见句型的用法。 解题步骤指导： 第一步：快速通读全文，掌握文章大意，了解文章体裁和基本内容。 第二步：仔细阅读每个段落，分析句子间的逻辑关系，理解上下文语境。 第三步：逐个分析选项，运用语法知识和词汇知识进行选择。 第四步：完成所有题目后，通读全文，检查答案是否使文章意思通顺、逻辑连贯。 时间分配建议：建议用8-10分钟完成一篇完形填空，其中3-4分钟用于初读和理解，4-5分钟用于答题，1-2分钟用于检查。 例题精练，举一反三 1. Many students find it difficult to learn English. ______, with proper methods and enough practice, it can be mastered. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Besides 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查逻辑关系。前句说"很多学生觉得学英语难"，后句说"用正确方法和足够练习可以掌握"，两者是转折关系，因此选择表示转折的However。 2. The teacher asked us to ______ attention to the key points in the class. A. give B. pay C. draw D. bring 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查固定搭配。"pay attention to"是固定短语，意为"注意"，其他动词不能与attention构成此意。 3. By the time we arrived at the station, the train ______ for ten minutes. A. had left B. had been away C. left D. has left 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查时态和动词用法。"by the time"引导的时间状语从句要求主句用过去完成时，且"离开"这个动作需要表示持续了十分钟，因此要用延续性动词短语be away。 4. If I ______ you, I would accept the job offer without hesitation. A. am B. was C. were D. be 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。在if引导的虚拟条件句中，表示与现在事实相反时，be动词不论人称都用were。 5. The problem is so ______ that it requires immediate action. A. urgent B. normal C. simple D. interesting 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查语境理解。后文说"需要立即采取行动"，说明问题很"紧急(urgent)"，其他选项不符合语境。 6. Not only ______ English well, but he also speaks French fluently. A. he speaks B. does he speak C. speaks he D. he does speak 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查倒装句。not only位于句首时，其后的句子要用部分倒装，即助动词does提到主语he之前。 7. We should ______ waste paper to protect our environment. A. reduce B. increase C. produce D. ignore 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查语境理解。根据"保护环境"的语境，我们应该"减少(reduce)"废纸，而不是"增加(increase)"或"忽略(ignore)"。 8. It was in this library ______ I first met my best friend. A. that B. which C. where D. when 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查强调句型。原句是"I first met my best friend in this library"，强调地点状语in this library，要用"It was...that..."结构。 9. The children are playing ______ in the garden. A. happy B. happiness C. happily D. happier 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查词性辨析。修饰动词play要用副词形式，happily是happy的副词形式。 10. He suggested that we ______ the meeting until next week. A. put off B. put on C. put up D. put down 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查短语动词辨析。put off"推迟"、put on"穿上"、put up"搭建"、put down"放下"。根据语境"将会议推迟到下周"选择put off。 11. ______ from the top of the mountain, the whole city looks beautiful. A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. See 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。the city与see之间是被动关系，故用过去分词seen作状语。 12. The more you read, the ______ knowledge you will get. A. much B. more C. most D. many 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查比较级句型。"the+比较级，the+比较级"表示"越...越..."，much的比较级是more。 13. I'll never forget the days ______ we spent together in the countryside. A. when B. where C. that D. why 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查定语从句。先行词the days在定语从句中作spent的宾语，故用关系代词that或which，when是关系副词不能在从句中作宾语。 14. He made such rapid progress ______ he soon became the best in the class. A. as B. that C. so D. which 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查结果状语从句。"such...that..."是固定句型，表示"如此...以至于..."。 15. If it ______ rain tomorrow, we will go for a picnic. A. doesn't B. didn't C. won't D. wouldn't 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查条件状语从句的时态。在if引导的条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来。 16. The book is worth ______. A. read B. to read C. reading D. being read 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查固定句型。"be worth doing"是固定搭配，用主动形式表示被动含义。 17. ______ he is young, he knows a lot about world history. A. Although B. Because C. If D. Unless 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查逻辑关系。前句"他年轻"和后句"他知道很多世界历史"是让步关系，因此选择Although。 18. We must try our best to prevent the river from ______. A. pollute B. polluting C. polluted D. being polluted 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。prevent...from后面接动名词，river与pollute之间是被动关系，故用being polluted。 19. He speaks English ______ he were a native speaker. A. even if B. as if C. as long as D. so that 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查方式状语从句。as if"好像"引导的方式状语从句常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的情况。 20. It is important for students ______ good study habits. A. develop B. to develop C. developing D. developed 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查动词不定式。在"It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth."句型中，用动词不定式作真正的主语。 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 When I was growing up, I had an old neighbour Dr Gibbs, a good doctor. When Dr Gibbs wasn’t 1 lives, he was planting trees. His house covered an area of ten acres, and his life’s 2 was to make it a forest. The good doctor had some interesting theories 3 plant care and growth. He never 4 his new trees, which went against traditional practices. Once I asked why, he said that watering plants did 5 to them so that their later generation would grow weaker and weaker. So you had to make things tough for them and removed the 6 early on. He talked about how watering trees made for shallow roots, and how trees that weren’t watered had to grow deep roots 7 moisture(水分). He meant that deep roots had to be 8 . For this reason, he 9 watered his new trees. Dr Gibbs passed away a couple of years after I left home. Every now and again, I walked by his house and looked at the 10 that he had planted when he was alive. They’re extremely tall and big 11 they have deep roots now. However, the trees in my garden trembled in a cold wind although I had watered them for several years. It seems that suffering 12 these trees, while comfort and ease never can. I stood there deep in 13 . Every night before I go to bed, I check on my two sons. Mostly, I pray that their lives will be easy. But I think that it’s time to 14 my prayer because now I know my children are going to 15 hardship. 1．A．earning B．making C．saving D．losing 2．A．action B．wisdom C．style D．goal 3．A．about B．with C．by D．under 4．A．planted B．watered C．cut D．harvested 5．A．benefit B．good C．harm D．favour 6．A．stronger B．taller C．younger D．weaker 7．A．in search of B．in face of C．in favour of D．in charge of 8．A．cut B．grown C．treasured D．removed 9．A．always B．often C．sometimes D．never 10．A．trees B．roots C．flowers D．seeds 11．A．until B．though C．since D．if 12．A．benefits B．damages C．touches D．attracts 13．A．trouble B．thought C．regret D．joy 14．A．explain B．prove C．insist D．change 15．A．refuse B．face C．forbid D．provide 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的邻居吉布斯医生，作为一名医生，在不救死扶伤时就致力于种树，他有着独特的植物养护理念——不给新树浇水，认为这能促使树木长深根、变得强壮。多年后，作者看到吉布斯医生种的树长得高大挺拔，而自己精心浇灌的树却不堪一击，由此领悟到逆境对成长的重要性，并决定改变对儿子们“一生顺遂”的祈祷，明白他们终将面对困难。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当吉布斯医生不拯救生命时，他就在种树。A. earning赚取；B. making制作；C. saving拯救；D. losing失去。根据前文“Dr Gibbs, a good doctor”可知，医生的职责是“拯救生命”，save lives为固定搭配，符合语境。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的房子占地十英亩，他一生的目标是把它变成一片森林。A. action行动；B. wisdom智慧；C. style风格；D. goal目标。后文“make it a forest” 是吉布斯医生想要达成的事情，即他的“目标”，life’s goal表示“人生目标”，符合句意。故选D。 3．考查介词词义辨析。句意：这位好医生有一些关于植物养护和生长的有趣理论。A. about关于；B. with和……一起；C. by通过；D. under在……下面。“theories about...”表示“关于……的理论”，是固定搭配，此处指关于植物养护和生长的理论。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从不给新树浇水，这与传统做法相悖。A. planted 种植；B. watered 浇水；C. cut 砍伐；D. harvested 收获。后文“Once I asked why, he said that watering plants...”提及“浇水”这一行为，且此处“went against traditional practices”暗示他不按传统给树“浇水”。故选B。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次我问他为什么，他说给植物浇水对它们有害，这样它们的后代会变得越来越弱。A. benefit益处；B. good好处；C. harm伤害；D. favour恩惠。根据后文“their later generation would grow weaker and weaker”可知，浇水会带来不好的影响，do harm to表示“对……有害”，符合语境。故选C。​ 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以你必须让它们处境艰难，并且尽早淘汰较弱的树。A. stronger更强壮的；B. taller更高的；C. younger更年轻的；D. weaker更弱的。前文“make things tough for them”目的是筛选，结合“weaker and weaker”可知，应移除“较弱的”树，以保证强者存活。故选D。 7．考查介词短语辨析。句意：他谈到给树浇水会导致根系浅，而不浇水的树必须长深根来寻找水分。A. in search of寻找；B. in face of面对；C. in favour of支持；D. in charge of负责。树木长深根的目的是获取水分，即“寻找” 水分，in search of符合逻辑。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的意思是深根必须被珍惜。A. cut切割；B. grown种植；C. treasured珍惜；D. removed移除。前文“trees that weren’t watered had to grow deep roots”提到不浇水的树长深根，且深根能让树木更茁壮，因此深根是值得“珍惜”的。故选C。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：出于这个原因，他从不给新树浇水。A. always总是；B. often经常；C. sometimes有时；D. never从不。前文“He never watered his new trees”已明确说明，此处是对前文的呼应，强调他“从不”浇水的做法。故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我偶尔会路过他家，看看他生前种的树。A. trees树；B. roots根；C. flowers花；D. seeds种子。文章围绕吉布斯医生“种树”展开，且后文“They’re extremely tall and big”描述的是树的形态，因此此处指“树”。故选A。​ 11．考查连词词义辨析。句意：它们非常高大，因为现在它们有深根。A. until直到；B. though尽管；C. since因为；D. if如果。“they have deep roots now”是“They’re extremely tall and big”的原因，since在此处表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：似乎苦难对这些树有益，而舒适和安逸永远做不到。A. benefits有益于；B. damages损害；C. touches触动；D. attracts吸引。吉布斯医生种的树因经历不浇水的“苦难”而长得高大，说明苦难对树有“益处”，与后文“comfort and ease never can” 形成对比。故选A。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我站在那里陷入沉思。A. trouble麻烦；B. thought思考；C. regret后悔；D. joy喜悦。结合前文分析可知，看到吉布斯医生的树和自己的树的差异，作者有所感悟，deep in thought表示“陷入沉思”，符合当时的状态。故选B。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我认为是时候改变我的祈祷了，因为现在我知道我的孩子们终将面对困难。A. explain解释；B. prove证明；C. insist坚持；D. change改变。前文“Mostly, I pray that their lives will be easy”，而现在作者意识到困难不可避免，因此需要“改变”祈祷的内容。故选D。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我认为是时候改变我的祈祷了，因为现在我知道我的孩子们终将面对困难。A. refuse拒绝；B. face面对；C. forbid禁止；D. provide提供。结合前文对“苦难对成长有益”的感悟，并根据后文“hardship”可知，作者明白孩子们无法逃避困难，必然要“面对”困难。故选B。 2 Boundaries are everywhere. Some are for security. Some are for privacy. But some are just for us to 16 . One day, after supper, I took a walk on the 17 . Taotao, my 5-year-old son, was bouncing excitedly behind me. He 18 a thin stick and acted as the Monkey King all the time. The sidewalk was paved by red bricks, 19 sharply with the pitch (沥青)-paved bikeway and formed a clear 20 . “Use the sidewalk. It’s safe,” I 21 my son frequently. Suddenly, a maple leaf was blown off and 22 quietly on the bikeway, about two steps away. Taotao was totally 23 . He stopped, bent down and tried to fetch it but failed. He 24 his stick, tried hard again but still failed. A bit 25 , he stood up and moved one step forward, but not beyond the boundary. After several more attempts with the stick, the leaf was still not moving to him. I was right beside him, worried a lot about his further 26 . Finally, he stood up, threw away the stick 27 , stepped across the boundary and picked up the leaf directly. Yeah! I saw a 28 smile on his face! Many times we 29 our thinking within a boundary and can’t find a good solution; many times we hold existing 30 at hand, never thinking about whether they are still useful. We are not lacking in knowledge but short of knowing how to break the thinking boundaries. 16．A．build B．break C．adjust D．expand 17．A．driveway B．crosswalk C．sidewalk D．bikeway 18．A．swung B．hid C．rolled D．bent 19．A．contrasting B．combining C．comparing D．corresponding 20．A．sign B．boundary C．figure D．pattern 21．A．threatened B．urged C．inspired D．reminded 22．A．laid B．put C．sank D．landed 23．A．convinced B．absorbed C．controlled D．trapped 24．A．broke up B．picked up C．reached out D．sent out 25．A．annoyed B．satisfied C．delighted D．concerned 26．A．progress B．vision C．observation D．finding 27．A．repeatedly B．accidentally C．heavily D．carefully 28．A．bitter B．embarrassing C．sweet D．curious 29．A．start B．restrict C．close D．operate 30．A．facilities B．materials C．weapons D．tools 【答案】 16．B 17．C 18．A 19．A 20．B 21．D 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．A 26．A 27．C 28．C 29．B 30．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要通过讲述作者的儿子在人行道上行走，跨越界限去捡自行车道上的树叶的故事来说明我们不缺知识，缺的是懂得如何打破思维的界限。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但有些是我们要打破的。A. build修建；B. break打破；C. adjust调整；D. expand扩大。根据最后一段的“short of knowing how to break the thinking boundaries”可知，此处是说“有的界线是我们要打破的”。故选B。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，晚饭后，我在人行道上散步。A. driveway车道；B. crosswalk人行横道；C. sidewalk人行道；D. bikeway自行车专用道路。由后面的“Use the sidewalk”可知，作者认为人行道是安全的，因此是在人行道上散步。故选C。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他挥舞着一根细棍，一直扮演着美猴王的角色。A. swung摇晃；B. hid躲藏；C. rolled滚；D. bent弯曲。由后文的“acted as the Monkey King”可知，儿子挥舞（晃动）着一根细棍，一直扮演着美猴王的角色。故选A。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：红砖铺成的人行道与沥青铺成的自行车道形成了鲜明的对比，形成了清晰的边界。A. contrasting对比；B. combining结合；C. comparing比较；D. corresponding相一致。由“red bricks”和“the pitch (沥青)-paved”可知，红砖铺成的人行道与沥青铺成的自行车道形成了鲜明的对比。故选A。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. sign迹象，符号；B. boundary界线；C. figure数字；D. pattern模式。由上文的“red bricks”和“the pitch (沥青)-paved bikeway”可知，红砖铺成的人行道与沥青铺成的自行车道形成了鲜明的对比，形成了清晰的界线，呼应文章首句“Boundaries are everywhere.(界限无处不在)”，boundary一词也是贯穿本文的主题，下文多次出现。故选B。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“在人行道上走。这很安全”，我经常提醒儿子。A. threatened威胁；B. urged敦促；C. inspired激励；D. reminded提醒。“Use the sidewalk. It’s safe”是作者对儿子的提醒。故选D。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，一片枫叶被吹掉了，静静地落在两步远的自行车道上。A. laid放置；B. put放；C. sank下沉；D. landed降落，着陆。根据“Suddenly a maple leaf was blown off”以及由“on the bikeway”可知，枫叶是落在自行车道上，因此空格处是“降落”。故选D。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Taotao完全被吸引了。A. convinced坚信不移的；B. absorbed被……吸引，全神贯注的；C. controlled被控制的；D. trapped受困的。由后文的“He stopped, bent down and tried to fetch it”可知，他被枫叶所吸引。故选B。 24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他伸出细棍，又试了一次，但还是失败了。A. broke up打破，分手；B. picked up捡起；C. reached out伸出；D. sent out送出去。由上文“tried to fetch it”和空后“his stick”可知，他伸出细棍去够枫叶。故选C。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他有点生气，站起来，向前走了一步，但没有越过边界。A. annoyed生气的；B. satisfied满意的；C. delighted高兴的；D. concerned担忧的。由上文的“still failed”可知，他又一次失败了，因此会感到生气。故选A。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我就在他身边，非常担心他进一步前进。A. progress前进，进展；B. vision构想；C. observation观察；D. finding发现。由上文“but not beyond the boundary”可知，儿子没有越过人行道的边界，作者非常担心儿子为了够枫叶向前越过边界。故选A。 27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他站了起来，猛力地扔掉棍子，跨过边界，直接捡起了那片叶子。A. repeatedly反复地；B. accidentally意外地；C. heavily沉重地，猛力地；D. carefully仔细地。由上文的“After several more attempts with the stick, the leaf was still not moving to him.(又用棍子试了几次，叶子还是没有向他移动)”以及本句中“threw away the stick”可知，Taotao用棍子试了几次都没成功，很生气，推知应是猛力地扔掉棍子，站起来跨过边界去捡枫叶。故选C。 28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看到他脸上露出甜美的微笑！A. bitter苦的；B. embarrassing令人尴尬的；C. sweet甜美的；D. curious好奇的。由上文的“picked up the leaf”可知，作者儿子捡起了枫叶，因此会觉得高兴，自然会露出甜美的微笑。故选C。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，我们把自己的思维限制在一个边界内，找不到一个好的解决方案；很多时候，我们手里握着现有的工具，却从不考虑它们是否仍然有用。A. start开始；B. restrict限制；C. close关闭；D. operate操作。由后文的“within a boundary”可知，我们把自己的思维限制在一个边界内。故选B。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. facilities设施；B. materials材料；C. weapons武器；D. tools工具。由后文的“at hand, never thinking about whether they are still useful”和上文儿子手里拿着棍子够枫叶可知，我们手里握着现有的工具，却从不考虑它们是否仍然有用，因此空格处是“工具”。故选D。 3 When I was in third grade, my family and I took on an unforgettable trip across the country. It turned out to be more than just a/an 31 journey; it was a journey of discovery into our 32 . Every day, Dad 33 us with his trusty road map. Mom, the heart of our family, shared folk tales and painted pictures about the upcoming 34 . We went through diverse 35 from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West. One day, while hiking through the Grand Canyon, I 36 a particularly rough path. Frightened, I 37 , not knowing how to proceed. That’s when my parents 38 . As Dad showed me footholds, Mom coached me with calming 39 and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead. Then, I 40 the confidence as my feet 41 solid ground again. When I finally overcame my fear, I felt we became 42 as a family. From then on, every evening, we’d gather around a campfire for what we 43 called “Family Reflection Time”. During these sessions, we’d share laughs, 44 , and insights from the day’s experiences. The trip taught me that the true meaning of travel isn’t merely about reaching the destination but about the personal growth that happens on the route, and the family bonds formed when facing 45 together. 31．A．crowded B．physical C．creative D．necessary 32．A．relationships B．potentials C．dreams D．inspirations 33．A．guided B．encouraged C．comforted D．attracted 34．A．events B．stations C．locations D．shows 35．A．cultures B．landscapes C．groups D．countries 36．A．imagined B．constructed C．smoothed D．encountered 37．A．froze B．flew C．fell D．forgot 38．A．reached down B．stood aside C．stepped in D．turned back 39．A．words B．worries C．noises D．thoughts 40．A．lost B．maintained C．demonstrate D．restored 41．A．left B．broke C．found D．dug 42．A．nicer B．tougher C．braver D．closer 43．A．originally B．affectionately C．frequently D．simply 44．A．sympathy B．conflict C．tears D．profits 45．A．challenges B．defeats C．opposition D．uncertainty 【答案】 31．B 32．A 33．A 34．C 35．B 36．D 37．A 38．C 39．A 40．D 41．C 42．D 43．B 44．C 45．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家进行了一场难忘的全国旅行，这场旅行让整个家庭变得更亲密了，而且这场旅行也让作者懂得了旅行的真正意义。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，这不仅仅是一次现实的旅行；这是一次探索我们关系的旅行。A. crowded拥挤的；B. physical现实的；C. creative创造（性）的；D. necessary必要的。根据下文“it was a journey of discovery into our 　　2　　”可知，这次旅行还是一次探索发现更深层次东西之旅，由此可知，这不仅仅是一场现实的旅行。故选B项。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，这不仅仅是一次现实的旅行；这是一次探索我们关系的旅行。A. relationships关系；B. potentials潜力；C. dreams梦想；D. inspirations灵感。根据下文“the family bonds form”可知，这场旅行让家庭关系更亲密了，所以这是一场探索家庭关系的旅行。故选A项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天，爸爸都用他可靠的路线图给我们引路。A. guided引导（某人至某地）；B. encouraged鼓励；C. comforted安慰；D. attracted吸引。根据下文“with his trusty road map”可知，爸爸用地图给大家引路。故选A项。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈，我们家的核心，分享了关于即将到访的地点的民间故事并画画。A. events事件；B. stations火车站；C. locations地点；D. shows节目。根据上文“the upcoming”和下文中的“We went through diverse 　　5　　 from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West.”可知，这里是说他们即将到访的地点。故选C项。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们经历了从茂密的森林到西部广阔的沙漠的各种景观。A. cultures文化；B. landscapes风景；C. groups组；D. countries国家。根据下文“from the thick forests to the vast deserts of the West”可知，这里是说他们看到的各种各样的景观。故选B项。 36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，在大峡谷徒步旅行时，我遇到了一条特别崎岖的小路。A. imagined想象；B. constructed建造；C. smoothed使平滑；D. encountered遇到。根据下文“a particularly rough path”和“not knowing how to proceed”可知，作者遇到了一条特别崎岖的小路，不知道该怎么办。故选D项。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我吓坏了，僵住了，不知道该怎么办。A. froze（因害怕等）不动；B. flew飞行；C. fell落下；D. forgot忘记。根据上文“Frightened”可知，作者吓得僵住了。故选A项。 38．考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在那时我父母介入了。A. reached down把……拿下来；B. stood aside站到一边；C. stepped in介入；D. turned back使返回。根据下文“As Dad showed me footholds, Mom coached me with calming 　　9　　and reminded me of the breathtaking views that lay ahead.”可知，父母过来帮助作者，所以是介入了作者所处的困境。故选C项。 39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当爸爸给我看立足点时，妈妈用平静的话语指导我，并提醒我前方的壮丽景色。A. words话语；B. worries担心；C. noises噪音；D. thoughts想法。根据上文“coached me”可知，妈妈用平静的话语指导作者。故选A项。 40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，当我的双脚再次站稳脚跟时，我恢复了信心。A. lost失去；B. maintained维持；C. demonstrate证明；D. restored恢复。根据上文“Frightened, I 　　7　　, not knowing how to proceed. ”和下文“I finally overcame my fear”可知，作者一开始看到这条崎岖小路时吓呆住了，后来在父母的帮助下终于克服了自己的害怕，由此可知，作者重新恢复的信心。故选D项。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，当我的双脚再次站稳脚跟时，我找到了信心。A. left离开；B. broke弄坏；C. found找到；D. dug挖。根据上文“Dad showed me footholds”和下文“solid ground again”可知，作者在父母的指导下找到了立足点，双脚找到了结实的地面站稳了。故选C项。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我终于克服恐惧时，我觉得我们作为一家人变得更亲密了。A. nicer更好的；B. tougher更艰苦的；C. braver更勇敢的；D. closer更亲近的。根据下文“the family bonds form”和空后的“as a family”可知，作者一家人因为共同解决困难后变得更加亲密了。故选D项。 43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，每天晚上，我们都会聚集在篝火旁，进行我们亲切地称之为“家庭回忆时间”的活动。A. originally原来，起初；B. affectionately亲切地；C. frequently频繁地；D. simply仅仅。根据下文“called ‘Family Reflection Time’”并结合语境可知，他们将每晚进行的这个活动称为“家庭回忆时间”，由此可知，他们很喜欢这个活动，很亲切地给它取名字。故选B项。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这些活动中，我们会分享一天的经历带来的欢笑、泪水和见解。A. sympathies同情；B. conflicts冲突；C. tears泪水；D. profits利润。根据上文“laughs”可知，这里指一天经历的欢乐和泪水。故选C项。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行教会了我，旅行的真正意义不仅仅是到达目的地，而是在旅途中发生的个人成长，以及在共同面对挑战时形成的家庭纽带。A. challenges挑战；B. defeats失败；C. opposition反对；D. uncertainty犹豫。根据上文“facing”并结合上文作者面临崎岖小路时父母给予帮助可知，这里是说一家人一起面对挑战。故选A项。 4 I had spent the previous decade working 46 toward my goal of becoming a professor. However, after my 30th birthday, the attraction of academia 47 . I decided to 48 my academic career plans and set my sights on business. Soon, an offer arrived: a six figure research 49 in product development. It seemed to be everything I 50 , so I took it. Yet, later I found I was back to the 51 tasks I’d once completed as an undergraduate research assistant. Repeated routine work wasn’t where I wanted to be in my career. I was more 52 — I wanted to 53 projects and lead a team. But the general manager wouldn’t give those 54 to me until I’d proved myself. I realized I need to let go of the idea that I was already a(n) “ 55 ” in my field. I had to become a(n) 56 once again. So, in the months that followed, I set out to learn everything I could about my new career. In some ways, product development was 57 to my academic research. But in other ways, it was vastly different. I needed to create profit, not just 58 . As I read professional materials passionately, I realized my PhD gave me a “learner” personality — loving to 59 and grow. Two years later, I became the chief engineer at the company. When asked to describe my greatest 60 , I smiled and said: “I have a PhD．I learn incredibly fast.” 46．A．frequently B．continually C．unwillingly D．occasionally 47．A．faded B．exchanged C．increased D．appeared 48．A．try out for B．take pride in C．get rid of D．come up with 49．A．project B．salary C．demand D．position 50．A．owned B．harvested C．designed D．expected 51．A．mixed B．difficult C．dull D．burdensome 52．A．independent B．ambitious C．promising D．generous 53．A．manage B．change C．fund D．study 54．A．benefits B．responsibilities C．congratulations D．pressures 55．A．expert B．professor C．partner D．performer 56．A．member B．manager C．student D．engineer 57．A．equal B．similar C．helpful D．contradictory 58．A．products B．opportunities C．knowledge D．accounts 59．A．expand B．negotiate C．advocate D．recite 60．A．principle B．aim C．decision D．strength 【答案】 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．D 50．D 51．C 52．B 53．A 54．B 55．A 56．C 57．B 58．C 59．A 60．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从追求成为教授的学术道路转向商业领域，虽然初期陷入重复性工作，但凭借博士学位培养的学习能力，最终成长为首席工程师，并认识到持续学习的重要性。 46．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在过去的十年里，我一直在不断地朝着成为教授的目标努力。A. frequently频繁地；B. continually不断地；C. unwillingly不情愿地；D. occasionally偶尔地。根据后文“toward my goal of becoming a professor”可知，作者一直在朝着成为教授的目标不断努力。故选B项。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我30岁生日之后，学术界的吸引力逐渐消失了。A. faded褪色，消失；B. exchanged交换；C. increased增加；D. appeared出现。根据后文“I decided to  ___3___  my academic career plans and set my sights on business.”可知，作者决定放弃学术生涯，转向商业，说明学术界的吸引力逐渐消失了。故选A项。 48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我决定放弃我的学术生涯计划，将目光投向商业。A. try out for参加选拔；B. take pride in以……为傲；C. get rid of摆脱，放弃；D. come up with提出。根据后文“set my sights on business”可知，作者决定放弃学术生涯，转向商业。故选C项。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，一个机会来了：一个六位数的产品开发研究职位。A. project项目；B. salary薪水；C. demand需求；D. position职位。根据后文“in product development”可知，这里指的是一个产品开发的研究职位。故选D项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是我所期望的一切，所以我接受了。A. owned拥有；B. harvested收获；C. designed设计；D. expected期望。根据后文“so I took it”可知，作者接受了这个职位，说明这是他所期望的。故选D项。 51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，后来我发现我又回到了曾经作为本科研究助理时完成的枯燥任务。A. mixed混合的；B. difficult困难的；C. dull枯燥的；D. burdensome负担重的。根据后文“Repeated routine work wasn’t where I wanted to be in my career.”可知，作者不想从事重复性的日常工作，说明这些任务是枯燥的。故选C项。 52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我更有雄心壮志了——我想管理项目和领导团队。A. independent独立的；B. ambitious有雄心的；C. promising有前途的；D. generous慷慨的。根据后文“I wanted to  ___8___  projects and lead a team.”可知，作者想管理项目和领导团队，说明他更有雄心壮志了。故选B项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我更有雄心壮志了——我想管理项目和领导团队。A. manage管理；B. change改变；C. fund资助；D. study学习。根据后文“and lead a team”以及语境可知，作者想管理项目和领导团队。故选A项。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是总经理在我证明自己之前不会给我这些责任。A. benefits利益；B. responsibilities责任；C. congratulations祝贺；D. pressures压力。根据上文“I wanted to  ___8___  projects and lead a team.”以及后文“until I’d proved myself”可知，作者想管理项目和领导团队，但是总经理在他证明自己之前不会给他这些责任。故选B项。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我需要放弃我已经是该领域“专家”的想法。A. expert专家；B. professor教授；C. partner伙伴；D. performer表演者。根据后文“in my field”可知，作者曾经是学术界的，现在转向商业界，他需要放弃自己已经是该领域“专家”的想法。故选A项。 56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我必须再次成为一名学生。A. member成员；B. manager经理；C. student学生；D. engineer工程师。根据后文“So, in the months that followed, I set out to learn everything I could about my new career.”可知，作者决定学习关于新职业的一切，说明他必须再次成为一名学生。故选C项。 57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在某些方面，产品开发与我的学术研究相似。A. equal平等的；B. similar相似的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. contradictory矛盾的。根据后文“But in other ways, it was vastly different.”可知，产品开发与作者的学术研究在某些方面相似，但在其他方面却大不相同。故选B项。 58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我需要创造利润，而不仅仅是知识。A. products产品；B. opportunities机会；C. knowledge知识；D. accounts账户。根据上文“In some ways, product development was ___12___ to my academic research.”以及“I needed to create profit”可知，作者在商业界需要创造利润，而不仅仅像学术研究只积累知识。故选C项。 59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我热情地阅读专业材料时，我意识到我的博士学位给了我一个“学习者”的个性——喜欢扩展和成长。A. expand扩展；B. negotiate谈判；C. advocate提倡；D. recite背诵。根据后文“and grow”以及语境可知，作者的博士学位使他喜欢扩展知识和成长。故选A项。 60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被问及描述我最大的优势时，我微笑着说：“我有博士学位。我学得非常快。”A. principle原则；B. aim目标；C. decision决定；D. strength优势。根据后文“I have a PhD. I learn incredibly fast.”可知，作者认为自己的博士学位和快速学习能力是最大的优势。故选D项。 5 A 13-year-old boy Bede had a great love for chess. He spent countless hours practicing his 61 . One Wednesday afternoon, as Bede was walking home from school, he 62 a poster announcing the World Chess Championship taking place in his city. It 63 his attention immediately. Bede’s eyes widened with 64 as he read the details, and his heart skipped a beat. But at the same time, he was afraid because of his lack of match experience, and was 65 to take part in the game. 66 by his parents, Bede decided to participate in the competition. As he arrived, taking a deep breath, Bede 67 the registration desk. The tournament organizers were 68 to see such a young boy standing before them. 69 his determination, they cheered Bede on. As the championship 70 , Bede went from being nervous and uneasy at first to feeling 71 at ease and in his element now. Despite facing 72 opponents, like the seasoned grandmaster, Bede remained calm and persevered. He analyzed each move carefully, and his confidence grew with each game. Although Bede did not win the championship, his courage and 73 earned him respect and admiration, 74 chess players worldwide. Bede 75 to study and practice, knowing that the journey to becoming a true chess grandmaster had just begun. 61．A．trips B．activities C．moves D．meetings 62．A．came across B．put up C．took over D．crashed into 63．A．protected B．passed C．reached D．caught 64．A．doubt B．appreciation C．fear D．excitement 65．A．proud B．hesitant C．curious D．eager 66．A．Invited B．Asked C．Encouraged D．Confused 67．A．cleaned B．approached C．pushed D．repaired 68．A．surprised B．anxious C．angry D．frightened 69．A．Telling B．Wondering C．Ignoring D．Sensing 70．A．strengthened B．progressed C．revolved D．appeared 71．A．completely B．calmly C．regularly D．potentially 72．A．violent B．helpful C．experienced D．active 73．A．satisfaction B．determination C．punishment D．disappointment 74．A．challenging B．increasing C．awarding D．inspiring 75．A．started B．attempted C．continued D．waited 【答案】 61．C 62．A 63．D 64．D 65．B 66．C 67．B 68．A 69．D 70．B 71．A 72．C 73．B 74．D 75．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了13岁的男孩Bede热爱国际象棋，在看到世界国际象棋锦标赛的海报后，虽因缺乏经验而犹豫，但在父母的鼓励下参赛，最终虽未夺冠却赢得了尊重，并继续坚持学习和练习的故事。 61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他花了无数个小时练习自己的棋步。A. trips旅行；B. activities活动；C. moves（下棋的）棋步，行动；D. meetings会议。根据上文“A 13-year-old boy Bede had a great love for chess.”可知，Bede非常喜欢下棋，所以此处指他花无数个小时练习“棋步”。故选C项。 62．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个星期三的下午，Bede在放学回家的路上，偶然看到一张海报，上面宣布在他的城市将举行世界国际象棋锦标赛。A. came across偶然遇到；B. put up张贴；C. took over接管；D. crashed into撞上。根据上文“One Wednesday afternoon, as Bede was walking home from school”可知，Bede是在放学路上“偶然”看到了一张海报。故选A项。 63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它立刻引起了他的注意。A. protected保护；B. passed通过；C. reached到达；D. caught抓住。根据下文“Bede’s eyes widened”可知，海报引起了Bede的注意，catch one’s attention为固定短语，意为“引起某人的注意”，符合语境。故选D项。 64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bede兴奋地睁大了眼睛，他读着细节，心跳加速。A. doubt怀疑；B. appreciation欣赏；C. fear恐惧；D. excitement兴奋。根据上文“his attention immediately”以及“Bede’s eyes widened”可知，海报引起了Bede的注意，他非常“兴奋”。故选D项。 65．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但与此同时，由于缺乏比赛经验，他感到害怕，对参加比赛犹豫不决。A. proud骄傲的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. curious好奇的；D. eager渴望的。根据上文“he was afraid because of his lack of match experience”可知，Bede由于缺乏比赛经验，感到害怕，所以对参加比赛是“犹豫的”。故选B项。 66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在父母的鼓励下，Bede决定参加比赛。A. Invited邀请；B. Asked询问；C. Encouraged鼓励；D. Confused使困惑。根据下文“Bede decided to participate in the competition”可知，Bede决定参加比赛，由此推知，他应是在父母的“鼓励”下做的决定。故选C项。 67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到达后，Bede深吸一口气，走近报名台。A. cleaned清洁；B. approached走近；C. pushed推；D. repaired修理。根据下文“the registration desk”可知，到达比赛现场后，他应是“走近”登记台办理手续。故选B项。 68．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比赛组织者看到这么小的男孩站在他们面前，感到很惊讶。A. surprised惊讶的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. angry生气的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文“such a young boy standing before them”可知，组织者对这么小的参赛者应是感到“惊讶”。故选A项。 69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们感受到了他的决心，为Bede加油。A. Telling告诉；B. Wondering想知道；C. Ignoring忽视；D. Sensing感觉到，感受到。根据下文“they cheered Bede on”可知，比赛组织者应是“感受到”了Bede的决心，所以才为他加油。故选D项。 70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着锦标赛的进行，Bede从一开始的紧张不安变得现在完全放松，得心应手。A. strengthened加强；B. progressed进行、进展；C. revolved旋转；D. appeared出现。根据下文“Bede went from being nervous and uneasy at first to feeling ____11____ at ease and in his element now”可知，此处描述的是锦标赛的“进展”情况。故选B项。 71．考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着锦标赛的进行，Bede从一开始的紧张不安变得现在完全放松，得心应手。A. completely完全地；B. calmly冷静地；C. regularly定期地；D. potentially潜在地。根据上文“from being nervous and uneasy at first”以及下文“at ease and in his element now”可知，Bede从一开始的紧张不安到现在变得“完全”放松下来。故选A项。 72．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管面对像经验丰富的特级大师这样有经验的对手，Bede仍然保持冷静并坚持不懈。A. violent暴力的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. experienced有经验的；D. active活跃的。根据下文“like the seasoned grandmaster”可知，此处指Bede面对的是“有经验的”对手。故选C项。 73．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然Bede没有赢得冠军，但他的勇气和决心赢得了尊重和钦佩，激励了全世界的棋手。A. satisfaction满意；B. determination决心；C. punishment惩罚；D. disappointment失望。根据上文“Despite facing ____12____ opponents, like the seasoned grandmaster, Bede remained calm and persevered.”可知，Bede面对有经验的对手，仍然保持冷静并坚持，由此可知，此处指他的勇气和“决心”赢得了尊重和钦佩。故选B项。 74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然Bede没有赢得冠军，但他的勇气和决心赢得了尊重和钦佩，激励了全世界的棋手。A. challenging挑战；B. increasing增加；C. awarding授予；D. inspiring激励。根据上文“his courage and ____13____ earned him respect and admiration”以及下文“chess players worldwide”可知，Bede的勇气和决心赢得了尊重和钦佩，他的表现“激励”了其他的棋手。故选D项。 75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bede继续学习和练习，他知道成为真正的国际象棋大师的道路才刚刚开始。A. started开始；B. attempted尝试；C. continued继续；D. waited等待。根据下文“knowing that the journey to becoming a true chess grandmaster had just begun”可知，成为真正的国际象棋大师的道路才刚刚开始，所以Bede“继续”学习和练习。故选C项。 6 Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi for a living. One night, when it was my time to work, I went to 76 a passenger at 2:30 AM. The building was dark except for one light. Usually, I just honked (鸣喇叭). 77 , I went to the door instead. I 78 to myself that this person might need my help. After knocking, a 79 , elderly voice answered. Soon, the door opened. A small woman in her 80s stood there. By her side was a small nylon suitcase. The 80 looked as if no one had lived in it for years. I carried her bag to the cab and then returned to assist her. 81 , she took my arm, and we walked slowly to the car. When we got in the cab, she gave an address and then asked, “Could you drive 82 downtown?” “It’s not the shortest way,” I answered 83 . She explained she was in no hurry and was on her way to a special nursing home. 84 this, I reached over and shut off the machine for charging. For the next two hours, we drove around the city. Sometimes, she would ask me to 85 in front of a particular building and sit staring into the darkness,   86 nothing. As dawn broke, we drove to the address she had given me. Two nurses came out. The woman was soon 87 in a wheelchair. “How much do I 88 you?” she asked. “Nothing,” I said. I didn’t pick up any more passengers that 89 . I was lost in thought. Upon review, I felt that I had done nothing more important in my life. We often believe life is made up of grand events. Yet the most 90 moments arrive quietly, hidden within what may seem like small, ordinary encounters. 76．A．collect B．admire C．thank D．search 77．A．However B．Therefore C．Besides D．Meanwhile 78．A．shouted B．reasoned C．complained D．admitted 79．A．firm B．clear C．loud D．weak 80．A．laboratory B．basement C．apartment D．bar 81．A．Gently B．Suddenly C．Finally D．Regretfully 82．A．beside B．through C．from D．to 83．A．calmly B．anxiously C．immediately D．proudly 84．A．Hearing B．Watching C．Ignoring D．Remembering 85．A．pull up B．speed up C．look up D．come up 86．A．saying B．getting C．showing D．understanding 87．A．forced B．advised C．seated D．impressed 88．A．spare B．owe C．borrow D．lend 89．A．holiday B．cycle C．shift D．visit 90．A．great B．common C．obvious D．various 【答案】 76．A 77．A 78．B 79．D 80．C 81．A 82．B 83．C 84．A 85．A 86．A 87．C 88．B 89．C 90．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述二十年前，作为出租车司机的作者凌晨接八旬老人，应其要求绕路，免收车费，此次平凡的相遇让作者悟到美好时刻藏于寻常际遇。 76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，到了我上班的时间，我凌晨2点30分去接一位乘客。A. collect接（人）；B. admire钦佩；C. thank感谢；D. search搜索。根据上文“drove a taxi for a living”可知，作者的工作是接乘客，collect在此处意为“接人”，符合“出租车司机接客”的场景。故选A项。 77．考查副词词义辨析。句意：通常，我只会鸣喇叭。但这次，我却走到了门口。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Besides此外；D. Meanwhile同时。根据上文“usually just honked”可知，这与后文“went to the door instead(反而走到门口)”形成转折关系，However表转折，符合“打破常规做法”的逻辑。故选A项。 78．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我暗自推断，这个人可能需要我的帮助。A. shouted大喊；B. reasoned推断、思考；C. complained抱怨；D. admitted承认。根据下文“that this person might need my help”以及语境可知，作者从“凌晨、大楼昏暗”的场景中推测乘客可能需要帮助，reasoned体现“理性推断”的过程，符合“主动改变做法的心理”。故选B项。 79．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：敲门后，一个虚弱的老人声音回应了我。A. firm坚定的；B. clear清晰的；C. loud大声的；D. weak虚弱的。根据下文“a small woman in her 80s”以及常识可知，老人的声音通常是虚弱的，weak符合“高龄老人的身体状态”。故选D项。 80．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个公寓看起来好像很多年没人住过了。A. laboratory实验室；B. basement地下室；C. apartment公寓；D. bar酒吧。根据上文“at 2:30 AM”“the building”以及老人从这里出发去养老院推测，此处是老人原本住的公寓，apartment符合“居住场所”的属性。故选C项。 81．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她轻轻挽住我的胳膊，我们慢慢走向汽车。A. Gently轻轻地；B. Suddenly突然地；C. Finally最终；D. Regretfully遗憾地。根据上文“A small woman in her 80s”以及语境可知，老人80多岁，动作应是缓慢轻柔的，Gently体现“动作轻柔”，符合“高龄老人的行动特点”。故选A项。 82．考查介词词义辨析。句意：我们上车后，她报了一个地址，然后问：“你能开车穿过市中心吗？”A. beside在……旁边；B. through穿过；C. from来自；D. to到……。根据下文“downtown”和“we drove around the city”可知，这里指“开车穿过市中心”，through体现“从内部穿过”的含义，符合“绕路经过市中心”的语境。故选B项。 83．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“这不是最短的路。” 我立刻回答。A. calmly平静地；B. anxiously焦虑地；C. immediately立刻；D. proudly骄傲地。根据上文“Could you drive　7　downtown?”以及语境可知，作者作为出租车司机，对路线长短有职业敏感度，面对乘客“绕路穿过市中心”的要求，会第一时间反应并指出路线非最短，immediately体现“职业本能下的快速回应”，符合“司机对路线的熟悉度”。故选C项。 84．考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到这话，我伸手关掉了计价器。A. Hearing听到；B. Watching看到；C. Ignoring忽视；D. Remembering记得。根据上文“She explained she was in no hurry and was on her way to a special nursing home.”可知，前文老人解释“不着急，要去养老院”，作者听到这个原因后关掉计价器，Hearing体现“接收信息后的反应”，符合“因果逻辑”。故选A项。 85．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时，她会让我在某栋特定的大楼前停车，然后坐着凝视黑暗，一言不发。A. pull up停车；B. speed up加速；C. look up查阅；D. come up走近。根据下文“sit staring into the darkness”以及语境可知，老人要凝视大楼，需要作者先停车，pull up有“（车辆）停下”的含义，符合“临时停车观察”的场景。故选A项。 86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，她会让我在某栋特定的大楼前停车，然后坐着凝视黑暗，一言不发。A. saying说；B. getting得到；C. showing展示；D. understanding理解。根据上文“sit staring into the darkness”以及语境可知，“staring into the darkness(凝视黑暗)”搭配“saying nothing(什么也不说)”，符合“老人沉默回忆”的状态。故选A项。 87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两位护士走了出来。很快，老妇人就被安置在轮椅上了。A. forced强迫；B. advised建议；C. seated安排就座、安置；D. impressed使印象深刻。根据下文“in a wheelchair”以及语境可知，这里指老妇人被安置在轮椅上了，seated体现“被帮助坐下”的动作，符合“护士协助老人”的场景。故选C项。 88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我该付你多少钱？” 她问。A. spare抽出；B. owe欠（钱）；C. borrow借；D. lend借。根据下文““Nothing,” I said”以及语境可知，这里指老人乘坐出租车后需要支付车费，即“欠司机钱”，owe体现“应付款项”的含义，符合“乘客付费”的逻辑。故选B项。 89．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天当班，我没有再接其他乘客。A. holiday假期；B. cycle循环；C. shift轮班（工作时间）；D. visit拜访。根据上文“I drove a taxi for a living”以及语境可知，作者是出租车司机，that shift指“那天的工作班次”，符合“工作时段内不再接客”的语境。故选C项。 90．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，最美好的时刻往往悄然降临，隐藏在看似微小、平凡的相遇中。A. great美好的、重要的；B. common普通的；C. obvious明显的；D. various各种各样的。根据上文“life is made up of grand events”以及yet表转折可知，这里指强调“平凡相遇中的美好时刻”，great体现“有意义、美好的”，与“grand events”形成对比又呼应“重要性”。故选A项。 7 Nima Rinji Sherpa, 18, reached the top of 8,027-meter Shishapangma at 6:05 local time on October 9, along with his partner Pasang Nurbu Sherpa. Previously, Mingma Gyabu “David” Sherpa 91 all 14 mountains by the age of 30 in 2019, according to Guinness World Records, which states on its website that new records can take weeks to 92 . Nima started his splendid journey in September 2022 when he climbed Nepal’s 8,163 m Manaslu. Over the next two years, he 93 all of the “8000ers” 94 Everest, the world’s highest mountain at 8,848.86 m. Nima took to Instagram to mark the completion of the 95 challenge, writing: “I devote this world record to my project, Sherpa Power. This summit is not just the peak of my personal journey, but a precious gift to every Sherpa who has ever dared to dream beyond the traditional boundaries set for us. Mountaineering is more than labor; it is 96 for our strength, toughness, and passion.” Nepal’s Sherpas have lived in the high altitudes of the Himalayas for generations and long served as guides and porters, whose local knowledge and skills has been 97 for foreigners attempting climbs in the area. Although they carry heavy equipment and supplies up mountains and guide people to high altitude summits in dangerous conditions, they often don’t receive the recognition or rewards they 98 . “Through Sherpa Power, I want to show the younger generation of Sherpas that they can rise above the label of being only support climbers and 99 their potential as top athletes, adventurers, and creators,” Nima added. “We are not just guides; we are 100 . Let this be a call to every Sherpa to see the 101 in our work and the limitless possibilities in our 102 .” Nima’s achievement has 103 attention worldwide, not only for his young age but also for the message he conveys about Sherpa identity and potential. He hopes that more Sherpas will step out of the traditional roles and 104 their own paths in mountaineering and beyond. This record is not just a personal breakthrough but a 105 for an entire community. 91．A．missed B．mounted C．visited D．researched 92．A．confirm B．deny C．ignore D．forget 93．A．attacked B．searched C．conquered D．damaged 94．A．composing B．including C．avoiding D．observing 95．A．tiring B．amusing C．boring D．interesting 96．A．doubt B．criticism C．proof D．imagination 97．A．worthless B．priceless C．valueless D．useless 98．A．reserve B．desire C．offer D．deserve 99．A．bring out B．bring in C．bring about D．bring up 100．A．followers B．pathfinders C．supporters D．climbers 101．A．shame B．humor C．dignity D．curiosity 102．A．past B．present C．future D．memory 103．A．attracted B．lost C．paid D．divided 104．A．find B．follow C．destroy D．avoid 105．A．failure B．gift C．challenge D．victory 【答案】 91．B 92．A 93．C 94．B 95．A 96．C 97．B 98．D 99．A 100．B 101．C 102．C 103．A 104．A 105．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了18岁的尼马·林吉·夏尔巴以史上最年轻年龄登顶全部14座8000米级山峰，打破纪录并致力于通过“夏尔巴力量”项目改变夏尔巴人长期被低估的现状，重拾尊严与未来潜力。 91．考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据吉尼斯世界纪录，此前明玛·加布·“大卫”·夏尔巴在2019年30岁前登顶全部14座高峰，吉尼斯纪录在网站上表示新纪录可能需要数周时间确认。A. missed错过；B. mounted登上；C. visited访问；D. researched研究。根据下文“all 14 mountains by the age of 30 in 2019, according to Guinness World Records”可知，明玛·加布·“大卫”·夏尔巴此前创下了吉尼斯世界纪录，在30岁前登顶全部14座高峰。故选B。 92．考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据吉尼斯世界纪录，此前明玛·加布·“大卫”·夏尔巴在2019年30岁前登顶全部14座高峰，吉尼斯纪录在网站上表示新纪录可能需要数周时间确认。A. confirm确认；B. deny否认；C. ignore忽视；D. forget忘记。根据上文“new records can take weeks to”可知，尼马·林吉·夏尔巴创下的新纪录可能需要数周时间确认。故选A。 93．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此后两年内，他征服了所有“8000米级山峰”，包括海拔8848.86米的世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰。A. attacked攻击；B. searched搜索；C. conquered征服；D. damaged损坏。根据上文“Nima started his splendid journey in September 2022 when he climbed Nepal’s 8,163 m Manaslu.”可知，尼马的攀登征程从2022年9月开始，此后他征服了所有“8000米级山峰”。故选C。 94．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此后两年内，他征服了所有“8000米级山峰”，包括海拔8848.86米的世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰。A. composing作曲；B. including包含；C. avoiding避免；D. observing观察。根据上文“all of the “8000ers””可知，尼马攀登过的所有“8000米级山峰”中包括最高峰珠穆朗玛峰。故选B。 95．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尼马在Instagram上纪念这一疲惫挑战的完成，写道：“我将这一世界纪录献给我的‘夏尔巴力量’计划。”A. tiring累人的；B. amusing逗人发笑的；C. boring无聊的；D. interesting有趣的。根据上文“Over the next two years, he ____3____ all of the “8000ers” ____4____ Everest, the world’s highest mountain at 8,848.86 m.”可知，挑战登上所有“8000米级山峰”非常不容易，是令人疲惫的。故选A。 96．考查名词词义辨析。句意：登山不仅是劳作，更是我们力量、坚韧与热情的证明。A. doubt怀疑；B. criticism批评；C. proof证据；D. imagination想象。根据上文“Mountaineering is more than labor”可知，此处讲述登山的意义，指是力量、坚韧与热情的证明。故选C。 97．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尼泊尔的夏尔巴人世代居住在喜马拉雅高海拔地区，长期担任向导和背夫，他们的本土知识与技能对试图攀登该地区的外国人而言非常有用。A. worthless无没用处的；B. priceless无价的；非常有用的；C. valueless不值钱的；D. useless无用的。根据上文“Nepal’s Sherpas have lived in the high altitudes of the Himalayas for generations and long served as guides and porters, whose local knowledge and skills”可知，夏尔巴人一直居住在喜马拉雅高海拔地区，适应这一地区的环境，其本土知识与技能非常宝贵，对试图攀登该地区的外国人而言很有用。故选B。 98．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们扛着沉重的设备和物资上山，在危险的条件下引导人们到达高海拔的山峰，但他们往往得不到应有的认可或回报。A. reserve保留；B. desire渴望；C. offer提供；D. deserve应得。根据上文“Although they carry heavy equipment and supplies up mountains and guide people to high altitude summits in dangerous conditions”可知，夏尔巴人扛着沉重的设备和物资上山，在危险的条件下引导人们到达高海拔的山峰，他们的贡献是惊人的，本来应得到认可或回报。故选D。 99．考查动词短语辨析。句意：尼马补充说：“通过‘夏尔巴力量’，我想向年轻一代的夏尔巴人展示，他们可以超越仅仅是支持登山者的标签，显现他们作为顶级运动员、冒险家和创造者的潜力。”A. bring out使显现；B. bring in引入；C. bring about引起；D. bring up养育。根据下文“their potential as top athletes, adventurers, and creators”可知，尼马希望夏尔巴人意识到他们能显示自身作为顶级运动员、冒险家和创造者的潜力。故选A。 100．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不仅是向导，我们也是开拓者。A. followers追随者；B. pathfinders开拓者；C. supporters支持者；D. climbers攀登者。根据上文“We are not just guides”可知，夏尔巴人的角色超越了向导，他们更是登山中的开拓者。故选B。 101．考查名词词义辨析。句意：让这成为对每一个夏尔巴人的呼唤，让他们看到我们工作的尊严和未来的无限可能。A. shame羞耻；B. humor幽默；C. dignity尊严；D. curiosity好奇。根据上文“Although they carry heavy equipment and supplies up mountains and guide people to high altitude summits in dangerous conditions”可知，夏尔巴人扛着沉重的设备和物资上山，在危险的条件下引导人们到达高海拔的山峰，他们的贡献是惊人的，其工作的尊严应该被看到。故选C。 102．考查名词词义辨析。句意：让这成为对每一个夏尔巴人的呼唤，让他们看到我们工作的尊严和未来的无限可能。A. past过去；B. present现在；C. future未来；D. memory记忆。根据上文“the limitless possibilities”可知，无限可能属于未来。故选C。 103．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼马的成就吸引了全球关注，不仅因其年轻，更因他传递的关于夏尔巴人身份与潜力的信息。A. attracted吸引；B. lost失去；C. paid支付；D. divided分割。根据上文“Nima’s achievement”可知，尼马以史上最年轻年龄登顶全部14座8000米级山峰的成就会吸引全球关注。故选A。 104．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他希望更多夏尔巴人摆脱传统角色，在登山及其他领域找到自己的道路。A. find找到；B. follow追随；C. destroy破坏；D. avoid避免。根据上文“more Sherpas will step out of the traditional roles”可知，尼马是希望更多夏尔巴人摆脱传统角色，能找到这一角色之外的道路。故选A。 105．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一纪录不仅是个人突破，更是整个群体的胜利。A. failure失败；B. gift礼物；C. challenge挑战；D. victory胜利。根据上文“This record”可知，尼马创造的新纪录也是整个夏尔巴人社群的胜利。故选D。 8 Marley Christian found a young koala, next to his dying mother. However, becoming motherless wasn’t his only 106 . The rescuer from Friends of the Koala also 107 he was missing a foot. Marley did her best for Triumph, the koala. She used socks to 108 his stump (残肢), which helped ease the discomfort triumph felt whenever he tried to put 109 on it, but Marley thought she couldn’t 110 there. She began searching the Internet for pet prostheses (假体). But for a koala, there was nothing 111 . “I was told it couldn’t be done,” Marley said. Marley did find a company specializing in animal prostheses that would like to 112 the case, but they were unsuccessful after several 113 . Eventually Marley found the 114 right in her neighborhood. She mentioned Triumph’s trouble to her dental prosthetist Jon Doulman, and he 115 to find a way to make a prosthesis for Triumph. “ 116 , it’s different from tooth problems,” Jon said. “But it’s worth a try.” After making one 117 of Triumph’s stump, he created a pink rubber boot, which could help make Triumph’s 118 of movement return. “It’s a seemingly 119 thing. But the design of the dentist does change Triumph’s life. Once the boot was 120 , he did a little jump, and then ran around. I actually cried,” said Marley. 106．A．accident B．misfortune C．result D．difference 107．A．doubted B．wondered C．concluded D．noticed 108．A．cover B．cure C．warm D．treat 109．A．stress B．hope C．burden D．weight 110．A．continue B．leave C．cease D．stick 111．A．helpful B．available C．convenient D．satisfactory 112．A．take on B．figure out C．seek for D．look into 113．A．examinations B．attempts C．discussions D．treatments 114．A．inspiration B．support C．response D．solution 115．A．happened B．agreed C．volunteered D．recommended 116．A．Naturally B．Surprisingly C．Thankfully D．Strangely 117．A．example B．model C．issue D．mark 118．A．preference B．memory C．freedom D．intention 119．A．ordinary B．touching C．imperfect D．unlikely 120．A．adjusted B．completed C．attached D．confirmed 【答案】 106．B 107．D 108．A 109．D 110．C 111．B 112．A 113．B 114．D 115．C 116．A 117．B 118．C 119．D 120．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一只名叫Triumph的小考拉失去了母亲，并且缺失了一只脚。救助者Marley尽力为它寻找治疗方法，最终在邻居牙科矫形器师Jon Doulman的帮助下，制作了一只粉红色橡胶靴作为Triumph的假肢，这个看似不显眼的设计改变了Triumph的生活的故事。 106．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，失去母亲并不是他的唯一的不幸。A. accident事故；B. misfortune不幸；C. result结果；D. difference差别。根据前文的“becoming motherless”以及后文“he was missing a foot”可知，失去母亲以及失去一只脚都是很大的不幸。故选B项。 107．考查动词词义辨析。句意：来自“考拉之友”的救援者还注意到它也失去了一只脚。A. doubted怀疑；B. wondered想知道；C. concluded结论；D. noticed注意，注意到。根据后文“he was missing a foot”可知，救援者注意到它也失去了一只脚。故选D项。 108．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用袜子盖住他的残肢，这有助于缓解Triumph每次试图在这支残肢上负重时感到的不适，但Marley认为她不能就此止步。A. cover覆盖；B. cure治愈；C. warm温暖；D. treat治疗。根据下文“which helped ease the discomfort Triumph felt whenever he tried to put __4__ on it,”可知，用袜子给他的残肢盖上，是为了减轻残肢着地的疼痛。故选A项。 109．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她用袜子盖住他的残肢，这有助于缓解Triumph每次试图在这支残肢上负重时感到的不适，但Marley认为她不能就此止步。A. stress压力；B.hope希望；C.burden负担；D. weight重量。根据前文“which helped ease the discomfort Triumph felt”可知，小考拉少了一只脚，所以Marley用袜子把他的残肢包起来，这样每当Triumph试图用它支撑身体时（在残肢上增加负重时），都能减轻他的不适。故选D项。 110．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用袜子盖住他的残肢，这有助于缓解Triumph每次试图在这支残肢上负重时感到的不适，但Marley认为她不能就此止步。A. continue继续；B. leave留下，离开；C. cease停止；D. stick粘贴，坚持。根据前文的“She used socks”和下文的“She began searching the Internet for pet prostheses (假体)”可知，尽管Marley已经帮助小考拉改善了状况，但她觉得自己不能止步于此，于是开始寻求进一步的帮助。故选C项。 111．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但对于一只考拉来说，没有什么是考拉可以用的。A. helpful有帮助的；B. available可用的；C. convenient方便的；D. satisfactory令人满意的。根据下文的“I was told it couldn’t be done”可知，Marley没有找到任何考拉可以用的假体。故选B项。 112．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Marley的确找到了一家专门从事动物假体制作的公司，他们愿意接手这件事，但经过几次尝试，他们都没有成功。A. take on承担，呈现；B. figure out计算，弄明白；C. seek for寻找；D. look into调查。根据后文“the case, but they were unsuccessful after several ”可知，一家专门从事动物假体制作的公司愿意接手这件事，表示“接手，承担”应使用动词词组take on。故选A项。 113．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. examinations考试；B. attempts尝试；C. discussions讨论；D. treatments治疗。根据前文的“they were unsuccessful”可知，该公司经过了几次尝试，仍然没有成功。故选B项。 114．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终Marley在她邻居那里找到了解决办法。A. inspiration灵感；B. support支持；C. response响应；D. solution解决办法。根据下文的“he created a pink rubber boot, which could help make Triumph’s __13__ of movement return”可知，最终Marley找到了解决办法。故选D项。 115．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把Triumph的麻烦告诉了她的牙齿矫形器师Jon Doulman，他主动提出要想办法为Triumph做一个假肢。A. happened发生；B. agreed同意；C. volunteered自愿；D. recommended推荐。根据上文的“She mentioned Triumph’s trouble to her dental prosthetist (矫形器师) Jon Doulman”和生活实际可知，Marley只是顺带提到了Triumph的情况，并非特意去寻求Jon的帮助，所以Jon是主动提出帮助的。故选C项。 116．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当然，这和牙齿问题不同。A. Naturally自然地；B. Surprisingly惊讶地；C. Thankfully感激地；D. Strangely奇怪的是。根据后文“it’s different from tooth problems”可知，Jon知道为考拉做假肢与制作假牙是不一样的，这是自然而然地。故选A项。 117．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在完成了Triumph假肢的模型后，他制作了一只粉红色的橡胶靴，这有助于Triumph的自由移动。A. example例子；B. model模型；C. issue问题；D. mark标记。根据前文“But it’s worth a try.”可知，Jon同意尝试要为缺少一只脚的Triumph做假肢，所以他应是先做了一个Triumph的残肢的模型。故选B项。 118．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. preference偏好；B. memory记忆；C. freedom自由；D. intention打算。根据下文的“Once the boot was __15__, he did a little jump, and then ran around.”可知，Jon做的粉色靴子能使Triumph重新拥有活动的自由。故选C项。 119．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一件看似不可能的事。A. ordinary普通的；B. touching令人感动的；C. imperfect不完美的；D. unlikely不可能的。根据前文“Marley did find a company specializing in animal prostheses that would like to __7__ the case, but they were unsuccessful after several __8__.”可知，专业人士都没能为小考拉做一只合适的假足，但是牙医Jon却成功解决了小考拉的问题，这是一个看似不可能的事。故选D项。 120．考查动词词义辨析。句意：靴子一被附在Triumph的残肢上，他就跳了一下，然后开始跑来跑去。A. adjusted调整；B. completed完成；C. attached依附，系上；D. confirmed确认。根据后文“he did a little jump, and then ran around.”可知，Triumph少了一只脚，所以这只靴子是通过某种方式固定在残肢上的，然后他开始跑来跑去。故选C项。 9 I’ve always wanted to do a long bike ride, and I longed for a huge adventure. I was 121 that this adventure would be sort of like a personal 122 . I also saw it as a(an) 123 to raise awareness about the Tongass National Forest. 124 , I wanted to ride my bike to Alaska alone, but then I 125 that it would be way more fun to do it with a friend, so I called Alex. It was an 126 adventure, and we did a lot of cool things. 127 , what I saw made me sad. We got to see the human 128 on nature in a way that I just hadn’t been exposed to before. I had a false 129 that there was still a lot of untouched nature out there. We biked 2,400 miles, and it turned out that basically the only places that remained 130 were the national parks. Everything else felt like it had been logged or mined or somehow extracted. The town we 131 through gets bigger 132 cutting down all the trees. 133 all this human impact, I strongly felt how much the world we’ve already 134 . I guess that the only places on Earth that have not had 135 human impact are the places that are just too difficult to reach. I thought a lot about it. It’s one of those things where you have to decide between doing something that’s totally green or you can tell an inspiring story. 121．A．pitiful B．hopeful C．grateful D．mindful 122．A．transformation B．passion C．transportation D．solution 123．A．security B．advertisement C．opportunity D．commitment 124．A．Potentially B．Abnormally C．Gradually D．Originally 125．A．realized B．detected C．denied D．recommended 126．A．identical B．remarkable C．embarrassing D．academic 127．A．Meanwhile B．Therefore C．Perhaps D．Otherwise 128．A．extract B．reflection C．impact D．affection 129．A．prediction B．interaction C．decision D．perception 130．A．unbalanced B．uncontrolled C．untouched D．unfinished 131．A．ran B．worked C．cut D．biked 132．A．with the objective of B．at the expense of C．without D．within 133．A．Advocating B．Favoring C．Witnessing D．Approving 134．A．destroyed B．protected C．explored D．polluted 135．A．relevant B．instant C．efficient D．vast 【答案】 121．B 122．A 123．C 124．D 125．A 126．B 127．A 128．C 129．D 130．C 131．D 132．B 133．C 134．A 135．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者为实现长途骑行冒险、提升通加斯国家森林关注度，与朋友骑行至阿拉斯加的经历，途中既体验了冒险乐趣，也目睹人类活动对自然的影响，引发对生态保护的思考。 121．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望这次冒险能成为我个人的一次转变。A. pitiful可怜的；B. hopeful有希望的；C. grateful感激的；D. mindful留心的。根据前文“I longed for a huge adventure”提到“一直想长途骑行、渴望大冒险”，以及后文“this adventure would be”提到希望这次冒险能成为……，由此可知，此处为hopeful“充满希望的”符合“对冒险抱有期待”的情绪。故选B项。 122．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望这次冒险能成为我个人的一次转变。A. transformation转变；B. passion热情；C. transportation交通；D. solution解决方案。根据语境以及下文“I also saw it as a(n) ____3____ to raise awareness about the Tongass National Forest.”可知，作者希望这次冒险能成为个人的一次转变。故选A项。 123．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也认为这是一个提高人们对汤加斯国家森林认识的机会。A. security安全；B. advertisement广告；C. opportunity机会；D. commitment承诺。根据下文“to raise awareness about the Tongass National Forest”可知，此处指将骑行视为提升通加斯国家森林关注度的机会，an opportunity to do sth.“做某事的机会”是固定表达。故选C项。 124．考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，我想一个人骑自行车去阿拉斯加，但后来我意识到和朋友一起去会更有趣，所以我给亚历克斯打了电话。A. Potentially潜在地；B. Abnormally异常地；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Originally起初。根据后文“but then”（但后来）表转折，说明前后想法不同，“Originally”（起初）体现“最初想独自骑行，后来改变主意”的逻辑。故选D项。 125．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我想一个人骑自行车去阿拉斯加，但后来我意识到和朋友一起去会更有趣，所以我给亚历克斯打了电话。A. realized意识到；B. detected察觉；C. denied否认；D. recommended推荐。根据下文“it would be way more fun to do it with a friend”可知，作者后来意识到和朋友一起去会更有趣。故选A项。 126．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一次非凡的冒险，我们做了很多很酷的事情。A. identical相同的；B. remarkable非凡的，精彩的；C. embarrassing尴尬的；D. academic学术的。根据后文“we did a lot of cool things(做了很多有趣的事)”可知，冒险“很精彩”。故选B项。 127．考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我所看到的让我很伤心。A. Meanwhile与此同时；B. Therefore因此；C. Perhaps也许；D. Otherwise否则。根据前文“It was a remarkable adventure”提到“冒险精彩、做了很多趣事”与后文“what I saw made me sad(所见让我难过)”是转折关系，Meanwhile“与此同时”可表“同一时间段内的两种不同感受”，逻辑连贯。故选A项。 128．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们以一种我以前从未接触过的方式看到了人类对自然的影响。A. extract提取；B. reflection反映；C. impact影响；D. affection喜爱。根据后文多次提到“human impact(人类影响)”，此处“the human impact on nature”（人类对自然的影响）是全文核心话题。故选C项。 129．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一个错误的认识，认为还有很多未被触及的自然。A. prediction预测；B. interaction互动；C. decision决定；D. perception认知，看法。根据下文“that there was still a lot of untouched nature out there”可知，作者有一个错误的认识，认为还有很多未被触及的自然。故选D项。 130．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们骑了2400英里，结果发现基本上只有国家公园没被碰过。A. unbalanced不平衡的；B. uncontrolled不受控制的；C. untouched未被触碰的；D. unfinished未完成的。根据前文“false perception that there was still a lot of untouched nature(以为有很多未被触碰的自然区域)”可知，此处为“the only places that remained untouched(唯一保留未被触碰的地方)”，与前文呼应，语义一致。故选C项。 131．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们骑自行车经过的城镇变得越来越大，代价是砍掉了所有的树。A. ran跑；B. worked工作；C. cut切割；D. biked骑行。根据上文“I’ve always wanted to do a long bike ride”可知，全文围绕“骑行冒险”展开，“the town we biked through(我们骑行经过的小镇)”符合“骑行途中经过某地”的背景。故选D项。 132．考查介词短语和介词词义辨析。句意：我们骑自行车经过的城镇变得越来越大，代价是砍掉了所有的树。A. with the objective of以……为目标；B. at the expense of以……为代价；C. without没有；D. within在……之内。根据上文“The town we biked through gets bigger”以及下文“cutting down all the trees”可知，此处指的是骑自行车经过的城镇变得越来越大，代价是砍掉了所有的树。故选B项。 133．考查动词词义辨析。句意：目睹了所有这些人类的影响，我强烈地感受到我们已经摧毁了多少世界。A. Advocating提倡；B. Favoring支持；C. Witnessing目睹；D. Approving认可。根据上文“cutting down all the trees”可知，“Witnessing(目睹)”对应前文“看到人类对自然的影响、小镇砍伐树木”等经历，体现“亲身看到这些场景后产生的感受”。故选C项。 134．考查动词词义辨析。句意：目睹了所有这些人类的影响，我强烈地感受到我们已经摧毁了多少世界。A. destroyed破坏；B. protected保护；C. explored探索；D. polluted污染。根据前文描述“树木被砍、自然被破坏”，“how much the world we’ve already destroyed(我们已经破坏了世界多少)”符合“目睹破坏后产生的反思”，语义连贯。故选A项。 135．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想地球上唯一没有受到人类巨大影响的地方是那些难以到达的地方。A. relevant相关的；B. instant即时的；C. efficient高效的；D. vast巨大的。根据句意以及下文“human impact are the places that are just too difficult to reach”可知，此处指地球上唯一未受巨大人类影响的地方是难以到达的区域。故选D项。 10 Once upon a time, much of the world was populated by wolves. They ranged all over the United States and Canada, Siberia and much of mainland Europe, as well as Great Britain, and if humans hadn’t come along, they would still be there 136 . But man did come along, farmed the land, 137 the wolves killing their livestock (家畜) and so gradually drove them out of the homes that had once been theirs. Wolves are not 138 in our language and our literature, however. In fairy stories, they are seen as evil and dangerous, always 139 to eat people. Remember the time when Little Red Riding Hood thinks that a wolf is her grandmother? “What big teeth you’ve got, Grandmother?” she says, and the wolf, disguised (伪装) as her grandmother, shouts back, “All the better to eat you with, my dear!” If you really want to see how English-speaking humans think of the wolf, just look at the 140 ! “A wolf in sheep’s clothing” is not a pleasant person and a “wolf-whistle” is not a pleasant sound! Yet wolves are totally unlike the image we have of them from legend and language. For a start, they don’t 141 humans; indeed, they do their best to keep out of our way. They are very sociable animals, living in packs and looking after their young with a fondness that should make some humans 142 themselves. Far from wolf music being 143 , the howl of the wolf — the cry of the whole pack — as the full moon rises in a star-bright sky, is one of the most beautiful sounds in nature. They are beautiful creatures which can run at speeds of up to 65 kph if they have to. They can jump up and run up rock faces like a cat. And when they do 144 , their 42 large teeth are fearsomely effective. But the 145 remains that we love the lion, the king of the jungle, while we demonize (妖魔化) the wolf, one of the most beautiful animals in the world. Only 146 do writers treat them nicely; 147 , a she-wolf is supposed to have fed the twins Remus and Romulus, who went on to found the city of Rome. And so, while man kills animals in their millions, often just for the fun of it, the wolf on the mountain, out in the wilderness, running over the Siberian wastes, represents a state of natural 148 that we do not know and can never obtain, even though we 149 it in our hearts. Perhaps that’s why, in the end, we 150 the wolf so much — for having something we can never get our hands on. 136．A．on a regular basis B．to a small extent C．in great numbers D．beyond certain limits 137．A．succeeded in B．agreed with C．worked out D．objected to 138．A．killers B．victims C．characters D．mistakes 139．A．reluctant B．ready C．unlikely D．sure 140．A．language B．behaviour C．teaching D．learning 141．A．avoid B．frighten C．attack D．protest 142．A．surprised at B．pleased with C．ashamed of D．interested in 143．A．peaceful B．loud C．musical D．soft 144．A．run B．kill C．jump D．cry 145．A．possibility B．mystery C．evidence D．fact 146．A．occasionally B．recently C．immediately D．finally 147．A．on the whole B．in addition C．even so D．for example 148．A．duty B．grace C．competition D．skill 149．A．dream of B．live by C．fight against D．learn from 150．A．cage B．keep C．hate D．notice 【答案】 136．C 137．D 138．B 139．B 140．A 141．C 142．C 143．B 144．B 145．D 146．A 147．D 148．B 149．A 150．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章反思了人类对狼的偏见，讲述了历史上人类将狼驱逐出栖息地，并在语言和文学中将其妖魔化为邪恶象征，但事实上狼是合群、敏捷且美丽的动物，与人类负面印象截然不同。 136．考查介词短语辨析。句意：它们分布在美国、加拿大、西伯利亚和欧洲大陆的大部分地区，以及英国，如果没有人类的出现，它们仍然会大量地生活在那里。A. on a regular basis定期；B. to a small extent略微；C. in great numbers大量；D. beyond certain limits超出一定限度。根据上文“Once upon a time, much of the world was populated by wolves.”可知，很久以前，世界上大部分地区都是狼的家园，因此如果没有人类的出现，它们仍然会大量地生活在那里。故选C。 137．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是人类确实出现了，开垦了土地，反对狼捕杀他们的牲畜，因此逐渐把它们赶出了曾经属于它们的家园。A. succeeded in在……方面成功；B. agreed with同意；C. worked out解决；D. objected to反对。根据下文“so gradually drove them out of the homes that had once been theirs”可知，人类逐渐把狼赶出了曾经属于它们的家园，因此是指反对狼捕杀他们的牲畜。故选D。 138．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我们的语言和文学中，狼并不是受害者。A. killers杀手；B. victims受害者；C. characters角色；D. mistakes错误。根据下文“In fairy stories, they are seen as evil and dangerous”可知，在童话故事中，狼被视为邪恶和危险的，因此是指并不是受害者。故选B。 139．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在童话故事中，它们被视为邪恶和危险的，总是准备吃人。A. reluctant不情愿的；B. ready准备好的；C. unlikely不太可能的；D. sure确定的。根据下文“the wolf, disguised (伪装) as her grandmother, shouts back, “All the better to eat you with, my dear!””可知，童话故事《小红帽》中狼想吃掉小红帽，因此是指总是准备吃人。故选B。 140．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你真的想知道说英语的人是如何看待狼的，那就看看他们的语言吧！A. language语言；B. behaviour行为；C. teaching教学；D. learning学习。根据下文““A wolf in sheep’s clothing” is not a pleasant person and a “wolf-whistle” is not a pleasant sound!”可知，英语中“A wolf in sheep’s clothing (披着羊皮的狼)”和“wolf-whistle (向过路女子吹的口哨)”都是带有贬义色彩的语言表达，因此是指看看他们的语言。故选A。 141．考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，它们不会攻击人类；事实上，它们尽最大努力不妨碍我们。A. avoid避免；B. frighten吓唬；C. attack攻击；D. protest抗议。根据下文“indeed, they do their best to keep out of our way”可知，狼尽最大努力不妨碍人类，因此是指不会攻击人类。故选C。 142．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：它们是非常合群的动物，群居生活，照顾幼崽的慈爱之情应该会让一些人感到羞愧。A. surprised at对……感到惊讶；B. pleased with对……感到高兴；C. ashamed of对……感到羞愧；D. interested in对……感兴趣。根据上文“looking after their young with a fondness”可知，狼会慈爱地照顾幼崽，这会让一些不那么有慈爱之心的人感到羞愧。故选C。 143．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：狼的音乐一点也不喧闹，当满月从星光灿烂的天空升起时，狼的嚎叫——整个狼群的叫声——是大自然中最美丽的声音之一。A. peaceful平和的；B. loud喧闹的；C. musical悦耳的；D. soft柔和的。根据下文“the howl of the wolf — the cry of the whole pack — as the full moon rises in a star-bright sky, is one of the most beautiful sounds in nature”可知，满月时狼群的叫声是大自然中最美丽的声音之一，因此是狼的音乐一点也不喧闹。故选B。 144．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们真的要杀戮时，它们的42颗大牙齿非常有效。A. run奔跑；B. kill杀死；C. jump跳跃；D. cry哭泣。根据下文“their 42 large teeth are fearsomely effective”可知，狼在进行捕猎杀戮时需要用到牙齿。故选B。 145．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但事实仍然是，我们喜欢狮子，丛林之王，而我们妖魔化狼，世界上最美丽的动物之一。A. possibility可能性；B. mystery谜；C. evidence证据；D. fact事实。根据下文“that we love the lion, the king of the jungle, while we demonize (妖魔化) the wolf, one of the most beautiful animals in the world”可知，我们喜欢狮子，妖魔化狼是仍然存在的事实。故选D。 146．考查副词词义辨析。句意：只有偶尔作家才会善待它们；例如，一只母狼被认为喂养了双胞胎雷穆斯和罗慕路斯，他们后来建立了罗马城。A. occasionally偶尔地；B. recently最近地；C. immediately立即地；D. finally最终。根据上文“while we demonize (妖魔化) the wolf, one of the most beautiful animals in the world”可知，我们通常妖魔化狼，此处用occasionally“偶尔”指出狼在极少数情况下被善待，从而突显我们人类对狼的偏见。故选A。 147．考查固定短语辨析。句意：只有偶尔作家才会善待它们；例如，一只母狼被认为喂养了双胞胎雷穆斯和罗慕路斯，他们后来建立了罗马城。A. on the whole总体；B. in addition此外；C. even so即便如此；D. for example例如。根据下文“a she-wolf is supposed to have fed the twins Remus and Romulus, who went on to found the city of Rome”可知，神话中一只母狼被描述为喂养了罗马城的奠基人，这是作家才会善待狼的一个例子，此处用for example“例如”引出例子。故选D。 148．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，当人类捕杀数以百万计的动物，往往只是为了取乐时，山上的狼，野外的狼，在西伯利亚的荒原上奔跑的狼，代表了一种我们不知道也永远无法获得的自然优雅状态，即使我们在心中梦想着它。A. duty责任；B. grace优雅；C. competition竞争；D. skill技能。根据上文“one of the most beautiful animals in the world”可知，狼是世界上最美丽的动物之一，因此是指代表了一种自然优雅状态。故选B。 149．考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，当人类捕杀数以百万计的动物，往往只是为了取乐时，山上的狼，野外的狼，在西伯利亚的荒原上奔跑的狼，代表了一种我们不知道也永远无法获得的自然优雅状态，即使我们在心中梦想着它。A. dream of梦想；B. live by遵循；C. fight against对抗；D. learn from向……学习。根据上文“that we do not know and can never obtain”可知，狼拥有我们人类不知道也永远无法获得的东西，因此是指我们在心中梦想着它。故选A。 150．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许这就是为什么我们最终如此讨厌狼——因为它拥有我们永远得不到的东西。A. cage把……关进笼中；B. keep保持；C. hate讨厌；D. notice注意。根据上文“In fairy stories, they are seen as evil and dangerous”和“we demonize (妖魔化) the wolf”可知，我们人类把狼视为邪恶和危险的，妖魔化它们，因此是指我们最终如此讨厌狼。故选C。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $