Unit 1 A New Start Words and Expressions学案-2025-2026学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

该高中英语导学案聚焦必修一Unit 1的26个核心词汇，涵盖词性、释义、搭配、派生及拓展内容，课堂导入可衔接初中已学词汇，如“senior”关联“junior”，“curious”链接“curiosity”，通过派生与搭配构建词汇网络，作为学习支架帮助学生系统衔接新旧知识，掌握词汇用法。 资料以“词汇-派生-搭配-拓展”为逻辑链，每个词汇提供语境示例和同义替换，如“eager”拓展多种“渴望”表达，助力提升语言能力。训练题聚焦词性转换、固定搭配等考点，引导学生分析应用，培养思维品质，同时结构化梳理词汇策略，高效提升学习能力，便于学生自主掌握词汇运用。

必修一 Unit 1 Vocabulary 1. senior adj. (1) 年长的(aged/elderly)； (2) （地位、水平或级别）高的，高级的； n.[C] （1）上司/级；（2）较年长的人，长辈（3）大四学生 ； 搭配：senior citizens 老年人; a senior manager 高级经理 senior high (school)/high school 高中;junior high (school)/junior middle school 初中 be senior/junior to sb 比...级别高（低）/年长（年少）... the juniors and seniors 少年和老年 2. curious   adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的；奇特的，不同寻常的  派生：curiously  adv.好奇地→curiosity   n.好奇心；求知欲；奇物，珍品 搭配：be/become curious about 对…感到好奇 be curious to do sth. 急于做某事，想做某事 out of curiosity 出于好奇 with curiosity(＝curiously) 好奇地 arouse one’s curiosity 引起某人的好奇心/求知欲 satisfy one’s curiosity 满足...的好奇心 句型：It’s curious that... ...很古怪/反常 3. impression n.印象，感想 派生：impress v.使钦佩；使敬仰；使铭记；给...留下（深刻）印象→impressive a.令人钦佩/赞叹的，给人深刻印象的 搭配：leave/make a(n) +adj.+impression on sb.给某人留下...的印象 the first impression 第一印象 deepen one’s impression (of...) 加深某人(对...)的印象 impress sb. with sth.某物给某人留下深刻印象 impress sth. on sb.=impress on sb. sth. 使某人了解...的重要性 be impressed with/by .对....印象深刻 4. moment n.某一时刻 搭配：at the moment目前，眼下，此刻 at this/that moment 在这/那时 for the moment暂时，目前(=for the time being=at present) for a moment片刻,一会儿(=for a while/minute) in a moment立刻，马上(=in a while/minute) wait a moment 稍等片刻 a key moment 重要的时机 a moment of rest 片刻的休息 the moment可以引导时间状语从句,相当于连词，意为“一....就...” 5.eagerness n.热切，渴望 派生：eager a.热切的，渴望的，渴求的 →eagerly ad.热切地；渴望地；眼巴巴地 搭配：in one's eagerness to do sth.渴望做..., 急于做... be eager for sth.渴望得到某物 be（too）eager to do sth. （太）渴望做某事 拓展：渴望得到.../渴望做...的其他表达： be thirsty for.../be thirsty to do... be anxious for.../be anxious to do... long for.../long to do... 6.organize v. 组织；筹备；安排；处理；分配 派生：organizer n.组织者承办单位→organization n.组织；团体；机构；组织/筹备工作；安排，分配→organized v.有组织的，有条理的；系统的 搭配：set up/form a(n) ... organization 成立一个......组织 7. breathe   v. 呼吸；低声说；透气；充满，散发（某种情感或品质） 派生：breath  n.呼吸的空气→breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的→breathtaking a. 令人惊叹的；激动人心的 搭配：breathe in 吸气 breathe out 呼气 be out of breath 上气不接下气 hold one’s breath 屏息，屏气 lose one’s breath喘不过气来，呼吸困难 take a deep breath=breathe deeply 深呼吸 8. panic  n. 惊慌,恐慌  v. -panicked-panicked（使）恐慌，（使）惊慌失措 派生： →panicky adj. 惊慌的 搭配：in panic 惊慌地 be in a panic 处于恐慌中(表状态) get into a panic 陷入恐慌(表动作) panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人仓促行动 9. challenge n. 挑战；艰巨的任务；挑战书，（比赛等的）邀请；质疑; vt.向…挑战；对…表示怀疑 派生：challenging adj.挑战性的；考验能力的；挑衅的，不赞同 搭配：face a challenge 面临挑战; take up/accept a challenge 接受挑战 the challenge of doing sth. 做某事的挑战 challenge sb. to（do）sth. 向某人挑战（做）某事 10. pressure   n. 压力=stress 派生：press  v.压、挤、推，施加压力；按/压（使启动）；敦促；逼迫； n.报刊杂志；新闻工作者；新闻界；出版社 搭配：put sb. under pressure=put pressure on sb. 给某人施加压力 be under pressure 在压力下; be/come under pressure to do sth. 面临做某事的压力 reduce/relive pressure减轻压力; take the pressure off 卸下压力 blood pressure 高血压 11. description n. 描述，描写，叙述，形容 派生：→describe v.描述；形容；把...称为 搭配：beyond description 无法形容；难以描述 give a detailed/general/brief/vivid description of... 对...作详尽的/概括性的/简短的/生动的描述 describe... as... 把...描述为... 12. confident adj. 有信心的，自信的；有把握的 派生：confidently  ad.自信地→confidence n.信心；把握；机密→confidential  a.机密的；隐秘的 搭配：be/feel confident of (doing) sth. 确信/对...有把握 be/feel confident about sth./ (that)...对...有信心 have/lose confidence in... 对......有/失去信心 with confidence=confidently 自信地；肯定地 13. argue   v.争论，争辩；论证；说理 派生：argument  n.争论；争吵；争辩；论据；理由；论点→argumentation  n.议论文 搭配：argue with sb. (about/over sth.) （因某事）与某人争论 argue for/against (doing) sth. 据理赞成/反对（做）某事 argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事 have an argument with sb. about/over sth. 就某事与某人争吵 beyond argument 毋庸置疑，无可争辩 argue that... 主张…，认为... 14. sharp   adj.敏锐的，聪明的；锋利的，锐利的；急剧的，骤然的（变化）；鲜明的；急转的；狡猾的，诡诈的； 派生：sharply adv.尖刻地；严厉地；急剧地；鲜明地，明显地 →sharpen v.（使）变得锋利；使尖锐；使明朗 搭配：have a sharp mind/brain 有敏锐的头脑 15. intelligent adj.有智慧的，聪明的 派生：intelligence n.智力，才智，智慧；（尤指关于敌对国家的）情报 搭配：AI/IQ=artificial intelligence/intelligence quotient 人工智能/智商 intelligent software/system 智能软件/系统 16. investigate v.查明，调查 派生：investigation n.查明，调查 搭配：FBI=Federal Bureau of Investigation 联邦调查局 17. various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的 派生：vary  v.（大小、形状等）相异，不同，有别；（根据情况）变化；变更 →variety n.种类；多样化→variation  n.（数量、水平等的）变化/更/异；变体，变种 →varied  a.变化的，多变的，各种各样的→variable  a.多变的；易变的；可变的 搭配：a variety of=varieties of 各种各样的；形形色色的 18.apply v.申请；应用；涂，敷；施 派生：application   n.申请；（尤指理论、发现等的）应用、运用；涂抹；敷用；施用；应用程序/软件 →applicant   n.申请人 搭配：apply (to...) for sth. (向...)申请... apply...to...把…运用到…；把…涂到…上 apply oneself to （doing）...致力于/集中精力于（做）... apply to... 适用于…；涉及，与…有关 19. award n.奖,奖赏 搭配：win/get/receive an award for sth. 因某事赢得/得到/获得奖项 award sth. to sb.=award sb. sth 授予某人某物 be awarded for 因.... 而得奖 20. subscribe v.订阅(报纸或杂志) 派生：subscription n.订阅/购；订阅费；会员费，用户费 搭配：subscribe to 订阅；同意，赞同 an annual subscription 一年期订阅 cancel /renew a subscription 退订/续订 21. graduate vi.毕业 n.毕业生 派生：graduation n.毕业 搭配：graduate from 从…毕业 graduate in 毕业于…专业 after graduation 毕业后 22. frightened adj .受惊的，害怕的 派生：fright n.惊吓；恐怖→frighten v.使惊吓；使恐怖→frightening adj.引起恐惧的；使惊恐的；骇人的 搭配：be frightened of (doing) sth. 害怕(做)某事be frightened to do sth. 害怕/不敢做某事 frighten sb./sth. away 把…吓跑 frighten sb. to death 把某人吓得要死 frighten sb. into/out of doing sth. 吓唬某人做/不做... 23. sight n.看到，看见；视力；视觉；视野（范围）；名胜；风景 v.看到，发现（期待的事物） 搭配：catch sight of 看见... at the sight of... 一看见... at first sight 乍一看,初见时 out of sight 看不见，视野之外 Lose sight of 看不见，忽略 Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。 24. refer（referred-referred; referring ） v. 提到，谈到；涉及；查阅，参考 派生：reference n.提到，谈到；涉及；查阅，参考 搭配：refer to 提到，涉及，查阅，参考，指的是 refer to...as... 将...视为/当作... refer ... to ... 把……提交给……(以求获得帮助) reference books 参考书 in reference to 关于；根据；就...而论 25. journal n.日记，日志；报刊杂志 派生：journalist  n.新闻工作者；记者→journalism  n.新闻业；新闻工作 26. struggle v.奋斗，拼搏，挣扎 搭配：struggle against/with sb./sth. 同…作斗争；与…抗争 struggle for sth. 为…而斗争/奋斗 struggle on 挣扎着坚持下去 struggle to do sth. 努力去做某事；挣扎着做某事 struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 训练题 1.The pencil doesn’t write well, so I should 　　　　(sharp) it before drawing the great figure.  2.Apply yourself to _____________(study), and you will perform well in the exam. 3.He just gave me the _____________ (impress) that he could do whatever project we dreamed up better if he did it alone. 4.I’m also learning disabled. This makes school ___________ (challenge) for me. 5.In the UK and the US, senior high school students take part in _____________ (vary) after-school activities, such as club activities and volunteer work. 6. After _____________(graduate), she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling. 7.Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid _____________ (describe) of the purest of Central Asian traditions. 8. Antarctica left an impression _____________me that no other place has. 9._____________________ (specific) speaking, at the bottom of the shelf was a________________(collect) of books written by the author.   1.sharpen 2.studying 3.impression 4.challenging 5.various 6.graduation 7.description 8.on 9.Specifically; collection 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $