Unit 2 Period 2 B Grammar and activity（课件）英语沪教版2020必修第二册

该高中英语课件聚焦分词作定语，通过动词原形与分词转换（如break→broken）导入，先讲过去分词作定语的基本用法，再过渡到现在分词，构建从已知到未知的学习支架，帮助学生系统掌握相关语法知识。 其亮点在于结合丰富实例（如高考真题、看图说话）和对比分析，提升学生语言应用能力与思维品质。小结通过表格对比v-ing和v-ed区别，助力知识内化，教师可借助评估表和分层练习，提高教学针对性与效率。

高中英语沪教版2020必修第二册 Unit 2 Roads to Education B ：Grammar and activity Learning objectives 1. Master the usage of relative clauses (restrictive & non-restrictive) and apply them in writing/speaking. 2. Distinguish and correctly use relative pronouns (who, whom, which, that, whose) in context. 3. Develop grammar application skills through interactive activities (e.g., information gap, sentence reconstruction). 4. Integrate the grammar with the unit theme to express ideas about educational paths accurately. Contents 1. Lead in 2. Grammar 3. Presentation 4. Practice 5. Summary 6. Assessment 7. Homework 01. Lead in Lead-in Lead in Attributive （定语） 定义：定语是用来修饰、限定名词或代词的品质与 特征的成分。 汉语中常翻译为“……的”。 种类：主要有形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动 词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句等相当于形容词 的词、短语或句子。 Lead-in Lead in describe！ break broken a broken heart v-ed 被动、完成 Lead-in Lead in describe！ injure injured an injured arm v-ed 被动、完成 Lead-in Lead in 现在分词doing 时态，正在进行；语态，主动 定语，修饰，限定名词或代词的成分，翻译为“…的” 02. Grammar Lead-in Grammar Ellipsis (省略) /ɪˈlɪpsɪs/ 1.过去分词作定语时和被修饰词之间是被动关系； 2.过去分词短语作定语时位于被修饰词之后，即后置定语，而单个过去分词作定语时一般前置 过去分词(短语)作定语 Lead-in Grammar Ellipsis (省略) /ɪˈlɪpsɪs/ 3.只表完成不表被动的过去分词： hidden (hide) 躲藏 dressed (dress) 穿着 seated (seat) 坐 located (locate) 位于 faced with (face) 面对 tired of (tire) 厌倦 worried about (worry) 担心 lost 迷路 lost in/absorbed in 专心于 retired （retire）退休 eg. The old man over there is a retired teacher. 那边那个人是一位退休教师。（仅表示动作完成） Lead-in Grammar Ellipsis (省略) /ɪˈlɪpsɪs/ 及物动词 的过去分词作定语 被修饰词与过去分词为被动关系且表示动作已完成或描述状态 He is a teacher loved by his students. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语 没有被动意义，只表示动作已完成 There lived a retired teacher in the area. Lead-in Grammar Ellipsis (省略) /ɪˈlɪpsɪs/ 1、单独作定语，应放在被修饰的名词之前（前置定语） eg. touching story / coming week / boiling water 可表达三种含义： a)表示“用于…的”，相当于used for doing. building materials = materials for building 建筑材料 a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖 a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室 a writing desk = a desk for writing 写字台 现在分词(短语)作定语 Lead-in Grammar Ellipsis (省略) /ɪˈlɪpsɪs/ b)表“正在…的” eg. those singing girls（=those girls who are singing） 那些正在唱歌的女孩子们 eg. the laughing audience/the rising sun a flaming argument/a howling storm the dancing girl/a flying kite Lead-in Grammar Ellipsis (省略) /ɪˈlɪpsɪs/ c)表示性质特征，多含主动意味 eg. an exciting story（=a story that excites people） eg. an interesting crosstalk an amusing story/an exciting evening an interesting story Lead-in Grammar Ellipsis (省略) /ɪˈlɪpsɪs/ 2. 分词短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 在意思上相当于一个定语从句（后置定语） eg. They lived in a room facing the street. =They lived in a room that faces the street. 他们住在一间面朝街的房子。 The man standing there is Peter’s father. =The man who is standing there is Peter’s father. 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。 Lead-in Grammar Ellipsis (省略) /ɪˈlɪpsɪs/ 3、作定语的现在分词所表示的动作发生的时间有两种情况 a)表示正在进行的动作, (变为从句时要用进行时态) eg. Tell the children playing (who are playing) there not to make so much noise. Did you see the man talking (who was talking) to the manager? Lead-in Grammar Ellipsis (省略) /ɪˈlɪpsɪs/ b)表示经常性的动作, 或现在 (或当时) 的状态, (变为从句时, 用一般时态) eg. They lived in a room facing (that faced) the south. The house standing (that stands) at the corner of the street was built in 1955. 03. Presentation Lead-in Presentation 1. I’m glad that you told me the exciting news. 3. All the students are asked to keep quiet in a reading room. 2. The dancing girls are my classmates. the news that is exciting the girls who are dancing a room for reading 动词-ing形式作定语 单个动词-ing作定语时，一般置于名词之前，表示被修饰者的作用或功能，动作或状态。 Lead-in Presentation 4. They used to live in a room facing the street. 5. The man standing over there is my Chinese teacher. 6. It was a small hotel offering breakfast for free. that faced the street who is standing over there that offered breakfast for free 动词-ing形式作定语 动词-ing短语作定语时，放在名词之后，相当于一个定语从句。 Lead-in Presentation 看图说话 wear glasses, read an interesting story The boy wearing glasses is reading an interesting story. sit on the floor, drink The baby sitting on the floor is drinking milk. Lead-in Presentation 单个过去分词作定语放于其修饰的名词之____。 过去分词短语作定语时，一般置于其修饰的名词之____ 一条被污染的河 一个破了的花瓶 一条被塑料袋污染的河 一个被猫打碎的花瓶 A polluted river A broken vase A river polluted by plastic bags A vase broken by a cat 前 后 动词-ed形式作定语 Lead-in Presentation a crowded room a room crowed with patients reserved seats seats reserved for the Smiths excited children children excited at the news an injured boy a boy injured in the accident wasted time time wasted in the games a trapped dog a dog trapped under the car Lead-in Presentation =The player _____ _____ ______ by many people is Yao Ming. The player ____________________ is Yao Ming. 这个被很多人喜爱的运动员叫做姚明。 who loved is loved by many people 过去分词短语作定语时，其作用相当于一个_________。 定语从句 Lead-in Presentation 在洪水中的受困群众 莫言写的书 Soldiers were making every effort to recue people who were trapped in the flood. Soldiers were making every effort to recue people trapped in the flood. I borrowed a novel which was written by Mo Yan from the library. I borrowed a novel written by Mo Yan from the library. people trapped in the flood books written by mo yan Lead-in Presentation ____________________ (use, 许多用过的电脑) will be sold in this market. Those are ___________________________ (leave, 他留下的问题). There was _______________ (excite, 兴奋的表情) on his face when the actress appeared. This is _________________________________ (discuss, 会上讨论的问题) yesterday. ____________________ (name, 叫Kate的女孩) is my student. _____________________(make, 中国制造的东西) are cheap. I have collected the money ________ (need). Many used computers the problems left over by him an excited look the problem discussed at the meeting The girl named Kate Things made in China needed needed(所需的), left(剩余的), given(所给的), (有关的) 作定语时需要后置 04. Practice Lead-in Ellipsis (省略) /ɪˈlɪpsɪs/ Practice [2022年全国乙卷] It can help to build a community with a __________(share)future for mankind," he said. [2021年1月浙江卷] In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. ….. [2020·新课标Ⅱ] A study ________ (conduct) in Youngstown, Ohio for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. conducted shared studied Lead-in Language Points 【2020年全国Ｉ卷】 Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity__________(consume) in the US. 【2018年天津卷】I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph ______(take). 【2015年浙江卷】Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it_________ (perform) live is quite another. 【2014年四川卷】The manager was satisfied to see many new products __________ (develop) after great effort. consumed taken performed developed Lead-in Language Points John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work __________(finish), he gladly accepted it. 2. ---Did Peter fix the computer himself? ---He had it _______(fix), because he doesn’t know much about computers. 3.I was wondering why they kept the door ________ (lock) for such a long time. finished fixed locked Lead-in Language Points 4.This is the first time that I have heard the poem _______ (speak) in English. 5. With the task____________(finish),we had a happy weekend. 6. Helen had to shout to make herself__________ (hear) above the sound of the music. 7.I don’t want the children ______ out in such weather. spoken finished heard taken Lead-in Language Points 8. Linda found her house ___________ into when she came back. (break ) 9. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _____ behind his back. (tie) 10. Tom, did you see anyone ____________out of the classroom? (go) 11. One of his teeth aches painfully, so he wants it ___________out. (pull) 12. At night, I suddenly heard someone _____________ into my bedroom. (walk) walking / walk broken tied go / going pulled Lead-in Language Points 13. This is the first time that I have heard the poem ______ in English. (speak) 14. On the top of the hill, I could see smoke _____ from the chimneys in the village. (rise) 15. I was wondering why they kept the door _____ for such a long time. (lock) 16. The little girl felt someone _____ her on the shoulder. (pat) 17. My brother had that door _______ last week. (paint) painted spoken rising locked pat 05. Summary Lead-in Summary 动词-ing形式作定语时，表示 。如果是单个的词，常置于它所修饰的名词 ，表示被修饰者的 、 。 2. 动词-ing短语作定语时，放在它所修饰的名词 ，相当于一个 。 主动意义 前面 作用或功能 动作或状态 后面 定语从句 现在分词(短语)作定语 v-ing 和 v-ed 作定语的区别 the fallen leaves the falling leaves the boiled water 正在沸腾的水 烧开过的水 the boiling water v-ed表示动作已经完成 v-ing表示动作正在进行 v-ing 和 v-ed 作定语的区别 This is a letter __________(write)in black ink. There are so many people __________(show) interest in surfing the internet. written showing v-ed与被修饰词之间构成动宾关系，即被动 v-ing与被修饰词之间构成主谓关系，即主动 Lead-in Summary 过去分词(短语)作定语 an honored doctor a broken vase an injured boy a divided country boiled water fallen leaves the risen sun a retired teacher 表被动或完成 只表完成，不表被动 06. Assessment Lead-in Assessment Learning Objectives Score(1-5) 1.重点词汇、短语 2.语法知识点 3.课堂上的表现 5-完全能；4-基本能；3-不确定；2不太能；1-完全不能 07. Homework Lead-in Homework Review the grammar and finish the exercises. Thank you for your listening $