Unit 4讲义基础版-2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册

该初中英语八年级Unit 4讲义基础版通过词汇、语法、阅读三维度构建知识体系，以表格梳理词性转换（如butterfly复数、weigh名词形式）、最高级形式对比（如long-longest、good-best），用例句框架呈现核心语法（如amaze的-ed/-ing形式用法、seem+adj/do的结构），清晰呈现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，基础层设单词默写、词性转换夯实语言能力，提高层通过对话理解（如选择最佳电影院）、完形填空（如海星生活习性）培养思维品质，如短文填空要求用learn的动名词形式，训练语境中语言运用。附易错点提示（如形容词比较级不规则变化），助力不同层次学生提升，支持自主复习与教师精准教学。

八年级unit 4讲义基础版 Section A 一，单词默写 1. moss________________________ 2. redwood____________________ 3. cheetah_____________________ 4. folding______________________ 5. 竹子_________________________ 6. 广受欢迎的___________________ 7. 美德_________________________ 8. 工具__________________________ 9. 实际上________________________ 10. 射击___________________________ 11. 出现___________________________ 12. 可以随便做某事_________________ 13. 陆地___________________________ 14. 非洲的_________________________ 15. 玫瑰__________________________ 16. peony________________________ 17. lotus__________________________ 18. 蝴蝶____________________________ 19. 翅膀_____________________________ 20. 青蛙_____________________________ 21. 称重量_____________________________ 22. 千克_______________________________ 23. ginkgo______________________________ 24. province___________________________ 25. 散步_______________________________ 二，词性转换 1. butterfly n.蝴蝶→ n.蝴蝶(复数形式) 2. store v.贮存; 存储n.百货商店; 商店→ n.书店 3. honey n.蜂蜜 → n.蜂巢 4. wood n.木头→ adj.木(质)的→ n.红杉; 红木 5. weigh v.有…重; 称重量→ n.重量 6. actually adv.实际上; 居然 → adj.实际的; 真实的 7. with prep.有; 和···一起→ prep.没有; 缺乏 8. fold v.折叠; 合拢 → adj.折叠(用) 的; 可折叠的→ adj.折叠好的 9. popular adj.广受欢迎的; 流行的→ n.流行;受欢迎 10. importance n.重要性→ adj.重要的 → adv.重要地 11. Africa n.非洲→ adj.非洲的; 非洲人的 n.非洲人→ n.非洲人(复数形式) 12. protect v.保护; 防护→ n.保护 重要语法 1.amaze adj.______________; _______________ · _______________plants and animals · We are ________________at the situation. · What’s ________about the blue whale? 2.fold adj.______________/______________ I need a ____________________fan. 3.good-n._________________ Bamboo is a symbol of _________________. 4.appear—反义词. ___________n.___________ · We can’t only care about people’s ______________. · Dinasours ________________after the weather change. · The ginkgo trees first____________ over 200 million years ago. 5.feel free ____________(do) sth Please feel free_________________(ask) me any questions you have. 6.weigh--n._______________ · How much does the elephant _______________? · Many girls eat less to lose________________. 7. seem-- seem +adj/Seem __________(do)/ it seems that... · She seems _____________(tire). =she seems _______________. =It seems that she _____________. · They seem ______________(start) now. Bamboo seems ____________(be) a popular plant in China. 三，词组默写 1. 几次__________________________ 2. 折扇_________________________ 3. 最受欢迎的主题之一______________________ 4. 一个….的象征____________________________ 5. 中国文化_________________________________ 6. 许多_____________________________________ 7. 生长最快的植物___________________________ 8. 用…去做某事_____________________________ 9. 喜欢做某事_______________________________ 10. 对…感兴趣__________________________ 11. 想要做某事__________________________ 12. 和某人分享某事______________________ 13. 可以随便做某事______________________ 14. 成千上万的___________________________ 15. 散步__________________________________ 四，重点句子 1.植物和动物能做什么？ What can _________ and _________ do? 2.竹子在国画中是最受欢迎的主题之一。 Bamboo is _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ subjects in Chinese paintings. 3.在中国文化中，它是美德的象征。 It's _________ _________ _________ _________in Chinese culture. 4.竹子在中国似乎是一种非常受欢迎的植物。 Bamboo_________ _________ _________a very popular plant in China. 5.银杏树是地球上最古老的现存树木之一。 The ginkgo tree is one of _________ _________ _________living trees _________ _________. 6.当秋天来临时，最常见的活动之一是在银杏树下散步。 When autumn comes, one of _________ _________ _________ activities is to_________ _________ _________ under ginkgo trees. 五，根据上下文或者括号内的提示补全单词或用单词的正确形式填空。 1. If I have enough money, I will buy a (fold) bike for my brother. 2. The plant is a symbol of (美德) in Chinese culture. 3. We need different (工具) to finish the work. 4. Tom's mother looks young, but (actual) she is over forty years old. 5. If you have problems, you can feel free (ask) me for help. 6. After Hou Yi (shoot) the ninth sun, people's life became normal again. 7. Who writes , Tom, Jack or Bill? (careful) 8. Shanghai is one of cities in the world. (lively) 9. David’ s mother was angry because he did job in the exam in his class.(badly) 10. As we all know, the Yellow River is the second river in China.(long) 11. Who sang (well), Tom or lily? 12. The plane (land) safely twenty minutes ago. 13. _________________(take) a walk after dinner is good for our health. 14. It's difficult (believe) that the little boy can remember so many words. 15. I think the rose is as (beautiful) as the peony. 16. Of the two computers, I’ d like to choose (cheap) one to save money. 六，对话理解 A: Hi, Jeff. This movie is on in so 1 movie theaters these days. B: Really? A: My friend saw it last week. He told me that it was a great movie. B: Yeah. Would you like 2 to see it this evening? A: Sure. Which do you think is the 3 movie theater in our neighborhood? B: Wanda Movie Theater. It has the best service and the best seats. A: 4 it's a little far. And it is the most expensive. I think Yin he Movie Theater is the best one. B: 5 is a ticket there? A: It's only 15 yuan if we show them our student ID cards. B: Great! Let's go there at 6:30 p. m. A: OK. See you then. ( )1. A. many B. much C. few D. little ( )2. A. go B. to go C. going D. went ( )3. A. good B. better C. best D. worst ( )4. A. Because B. So C. Although D. But ( )5. A. How many B. How much C. How far D. How often 七，短文填空 After a warm-up, Miss Green started the lesson. Everyone, especially Mandy, was looking forward to 1 (learn) something new. Miss Green first showed a beautiful picture of a rose garden. “Roses are not only famous for their beauty 2 also for their sweet smell,” she said with a smile. Next, a video of a kind of animal 3 (appear) on the screen. “Look 4 these little animals,” she pointed at the screen. “Butterflies use their wings to fly from one flower to another. 5 (actual), when they do this, they can help pollinate(授粉) the flowers. " Mandy thought the 6 (butterfly) wings looked so shiny(有光泽的) in the sun. Then the teacher showed a model of a big eagle. “This strong bird usually lands on high rocks or tall trees, ”Miss Green said. “It has good eyesight 7 finds its food from a long way off.” After that, Miss Green shared 8 interesting thing with the students. “A grown-up male Gorilla(大猩猩) 9(weigh) about 135-180 kilograms, " she said. “It's 10 (heavy) than most people. " After class, Mandy couldn't wait to share what she had learned and to find more interesting things. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 八，六选五 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项多余. My name is Zach Malicek, and I am from a big family. Maybe you don't know us, but we are the biggest circus(马戏表演) family in the world. We are The Flying Maliceks! 1. When my grandpa Viktor started as a trapeze(高空秋千) performer in Slovakia, there was only one Flying Malicek: him! My grandpa moved to the USA when he was 20 years old.2. A few years later, Grandpa Viktor married(娶) my grandma Irina. Grandpa taught my grandma how to perform on the trapeze, and soon there were two Flying Maliceks.3. She took time off to have a few babies. My father Daniel is the youngest child in the family. He has five brothers and two sisters. And all of them learned to perform on the trapeze when they were kids.4. And we love watching their excited faces when we fly through the air. My grandpa and grandma are getting older now. They stopped performing about five years ago. 5. We' re getting bigger! I have two older sisters, and we all perform in the act. My aunts and uncles all have kids; and they perform, too. There are thirty-seven of us! A. But my grandma didn't perform all the time. B. But The Flying Maliceks are not getting smaller. C. He quickly found a circus job in the new country. D. We weren't always the biggest circus act, though. E. The people at the circus love watching The Flying Maliceks. F. I think he was the funniest person. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Section B 一，单词过关 1. ___________ v.关联；连接 2. ___________ adj.连接的；相关的 3. ___________ prep.没有；缺乏 4. ___________ v.想象；猜想 5. ___________ n.蜂蜜；（爱称）亲爱的 6. ___________ adj.失望的；沮丧的 7. ___________ n.联系；连接 8. ___________ n. pollination 9. ___________ n. pollen 10. ___________ n.行动；行为 11. ___________ n.百分之…… 12. ___________ n.行星 13. ___________ v.贮存；存储 n.百货商店；商店 14. ___________ n. honeycomb 15. ___________ v.交流；沟通 16. ___________ n. ecosystem 17. ___________ v.保护；防护 18. ___________ n.重要性 19. ____________ n. title 20. ___________ n. 人 adj.人的；人类的 21. ___________ n.蚂蚁 22. ___________ n.幸福；快乐 23. ___________ v.使失望：使破灭 24. ___________ n. mushroom 25. ___________ n.吨 26. ___________ n.作用；职能；角色 27. ___________ n. pea 28. ___________ n.气候 29. ___________ n.大海；海洋 30. ___________ prep.除……之外；除了 31. ___________ adj.极小的；微小的 32. ___________ adj.精力充沛的；生机勃勃的 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 二、拓展词汇 1. ___________（v.关联；连接）→_________（adj.连接的；相关的）→_________（n.联系；连接） 2. ___________（adj.失望的；沮丧的）→___________（v.使失望；使破灭） 3. ___________（v.交流；沟通）→___________（n.交流；沟通） 4. ___________（n.重要性）→___________（adj.重要的） 5. ___________（n.幸福；快乐）→___________（adj.高兴的）---比较级_________________ 三，词组默写 1._________________ 与⋯⋯相连，与……有关联 2. _________________ 确切地说；实际上 3. _________________ 出于这个原因 4. _________________ 为了；以便 5._________________ 想象做某事 6. _________________ 此刻；现在 7. _________________ 彼此依赖生存 8. _________________ ……的数量 9. _________________ 共同努力建造家园 10. ______________ 在……中发挥作用；扮演角色 11. ____________ 创造生机勃勃的健康生态系统 12. _________________ 气候变化 四，重点句子 1.动植物与人类有何关联？ How ________ plants and animals________ ________ us? 2.蜜蜂对植物很重要，出于这个原因我们也应该保护它们。 Bees are important to plants, ________ ________ ________ we should also________ them. 3.她努力学习为了通过考试。 She studies hard________ ________ ________ pass the exam. 4.蓝鲸可以活到90岁。 Blue whales can________ ________ ________90 years. 5.蓝鲸在我们的世界中发挥重要作用，所以我们必须保护它们。 Blue whales________ ________ ________ ________ in our world, so we must protect them. 6.照顾好动植物，因为没有它们我们无法生存。 ________ ________ ________ animals and plants because we cannot ________them. 7.这头鲸鱼重达200吨。 This whale________ ________ ________200 tons. 五，课本改编完形 We Can't Live Without Bees Imagine you go to the supermarket in your area, but there are almost no fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs, or chocolate. How would you feel? 1. (Disappoint)? Angry? Sad? At this moment you realize people, plants, and animals are all connected. We need each other to live, and bees are one of the 2. (good) examples of this connection. Bees are very hard-working animals, and their greatest work is pollination. On one trip, they often visit 50 to 100 3. (flower). As they fly from one flower to another, they take pollen with them. This action helps plants grow, in fact,4. (with) their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow, For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the 5. (many) important animals on this planet. Bees are also one of the 6. (many) interesting animals in the world. For example, they work hard together 7. (make) their homes, In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. Another interesting thing about bees is how they communicate. When a bee finds new food, it uses a dance 8. (tell) the others where and how far away the food is. Bees play 9. (a) important part in the ecosystem of our planet. However, the number of bees 10. (be) dropping, and scientists are worried, They need our help, and there is a lot we can do. Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth. 六．写出下列词的最高级形式 Long shy slim good fat hardworking strong slowly early careful outgoing badly important happy serious short little far old many much well ill strongly 七．用所给词的适当形式填空 1. The shop has _________________________(friendly) service in this city. 2. You must walk across the street __________________(care). 3. Your home is _____________(close) to school than mine. 4. She is much _____________(happy) in her new house. 5. Saturday is my ___________(busy) day in a week. 6. Africa is the second __________(large) continent.（大洲） 7. The _________(old) I get, the _____________(strong) I seem to feel. 8. The weather is getting ______________ and _________(warm) 9. Summer is ________________(hot) season of the year. 八，根据上下文或者括号内的提示补全单词或用单词的正确形式填空。 1. We live on the same (行星), and it's our duty to protect the environment. 2. Ninety (百分之…) of the books are educational and meaningful for children. 3. Like (human), cats and dogs are omnivores(杂食动物). 4. Many people don't really know the (important) of protecting the animals. 5. Her quick (act) saved the old man's life. 6. Qingdao is one of the (lively) cities in China. 7. Everyone is here (除… 之外) Tom, he is ill in bed. 8. Many visitors spend their winter in Hainan because of its warm (气候). 9. There are seven continents and four (海洋) in the world. 10. When he heard the __________news, he looked very (disappoint). 九，单项选择。 ( )1. He looked down and saw ant on floor. A. the,a B. a,/ C. an,a D. an, the ( )2. Computers can do a lot of things, but they can't think like . A. humans B. machines C. robots D. tools ( )3. Jim felt because he was not able to buy a ticket for the concert. A. excited B. frightened C. disappointed D. afraid ( )4. I'm afraid I can't finish the work your help. A. with B. without C. for D. under ( )5. Gu yu takes its name from the Chinese saying“ rain produces hundreds of grains(谷)”, which shows the between weather and farming. A. choice B. connection C. difference D. competition 十，对话理解 A: Hi, Tommy. Did you watch the school show yesterday afternoon? B: Yes, of course. I have wanted to see it for a long time. A: 1 do you think of it? B: It was fantastic. I really enjoyed 2 . Who's your favorite performer? A:I like Mike's performance best. He was really funny. What about you? B:I think Judy was the 3 . Did you see Judy's act? She is very popular with students。 A: Let me think—— Who is Judy? B: The girl 4 long curly hair, she sang a beautiful English song for us. A: Oh, I remember her. She is very good at singing. B: Yeah, she sang 5 of all people I know. ( )1. A. What B. How C. Where D. When ( )2. A. me B. my C. mine D. myself ( )3. A. good B. better C. best D. worst ( )4. A. in B. with C. for D. at ( )5. A. beautiful B. beautifully C. more beautifully D. the most beautifully 十一，完形填空 Last Saturday, I went to the beach with my family. We had a good time there. I 1 astarfish(海星) on the beach. It was white and very beautiful. After getting home the next day, I wanted to 2 about starfish. So I began to read the 3 about starfish on the Internet. Of course, starfish aren't really 4 . They just look like stars. They 5 in the sea, but they aren't fish. There are about 1,900 different kinds of starfish living in the sea all over the world. Starfish don't live in fresh water. Hundreds of starfish are of different 6 . The most common starfish are red, orange or yellow. Starfish can 7 themselves when they are young. Young starfish know what to eat and where to find their food. Starfish can't swim. They 8 by using their arms and tube feet(管足). Astarfish has no head. A 9 starfish has five arms. You can see most of them have five arms on the beach. But not all starfish have five arms. Some have many more. If an arm falls off, it grows right back. Because of all these things, the starfish is my favourite animal now. I 10 it's interesting and fun. ( )1. A. found B. taught C. hurt D. advised ( )2.A.compare B. follow C. learn D. hide ( )3. A. number B. grammar C. information D. vocabulary ( )4. A. sides B. stars C. risks D. letters ( )5. A. leave B. develop C. wish D. live ( )6. A. colours B. miles C. symbols D. prices ( )7. A. look after B. look at C. look up D. look for ( )8,A. imagine B. move C. cover D. produce ( )9. A. polite B. special C. common D. cheap ( )10. A. forget B. score C. climb D. think 十二，语法填空 ①There is a nature park in the southwest of our city. The government built it for the rare(稀有的)animals 1. (live). The nature park is a symbol of our city. Yesterday, my friends and I 2. (get) up early to visit it. We saw many different3.___________(kind) of animals, such as tigers, bears and giraffes. The giraffes have 4.___________(long)necks of all the animals in the world. Many animals are in danger 5. ____________people kill them for their meat and fur(皮毛). What's more, people are taking away their land and making their water 6. (become) dirty. The situation is becoming worse and worse. We had 7. meaningful day yesterday. Above all, I learnt so much. I think people should set up more comfortable houses 8. the animals and help them live in peace. We should do our best to protect them because protecting 9. (they) is protecting ourselves. We should take10. (act) now! ②With the rapid extinction(灭绝) of many wild species(物种), more and more people come to realize it's important to protect wildlife. We have to understand the problem in1. new way: we protect 2. (we) by protecting wildlife. For one thing, any species of wildlife 3. (help) to keep the ecological balance(生态平衡). 4. one species becomes extinct, it will disappear forever. What is more, it will result in the extinction of a chain(链 条) of wildlife, which may lead to unexpected disasters. For another, the modern science and technology makes it possible for us5. (learn) more about wildlife. So far, scientists have found that wildlife 6. ____________(have) unknown genetic codes(遗传密码), which may turn out to free human beings from serious diseases and 7. (nature) disasters in the future. It is necessary 8. us to protect wildlife right away 9. it is too late, although people have already polluted the environment and threatened the existence of many wild species. Let's take 10. (act) to protect wildlife. Learning to live in harmony(和谐)with all wildlife is part of modern life. 选词填空 spare, in one’s opinion, please, interest, connect with I have several friends. We have different1. . Lily has a beautiful voice. Singing brings2. to her. She always watches many music videos in her 3. time to improve her singing. John likes watching birds in nature. 4. , people and nature are 5. each other. Although we like different things, we still share what we have and what we think often. ocean, in fact, protect, tiny, communicate Do you know anything about whales? They are very big on earth. They live in the sea. Whales are different from other animals. They eat 6. fish and other sea animals. Some kinds of whales have teeth, but some don't. Some whales can sing songs to keep good 7. . The songs sound wonderful. Most of them are good at jumping and can jump high out of water. Many whales jump really high. Also they always know their places. They never get lost in the 8. . If they find a ship gets lost in the sea, they may take it to a safe place. 9. , there are not a lot of whales now. People kill them for meat and money. Some whales even die when there is water pollution. So we must 10. whales. We should know more about whales and tell people about them, thus whales can live safely in the sea. Let's do it! 十三，阅读表达 Plants have leaves and flowers. They also have seeds. New plants grow from seeds. Some seeds fall on the ground, and new plants grow next to the old ones. When plants grow this way, they cannot get enough sunshine or water, so some of them die. However, some plants spread their seeds far from where they live. These seeds grow in new places. There are many ways for seeds to travel. Let's begin with the first method of travel: by wind. Some plant seeds have small wings. When the wind blows, the seeds fly away and later fall to the ground, where new plants may grow. Some plants dry up, and the wind pulls them from the ground. However, they are too large to fly, so they roll(滚动) along the ground, dropping their seeds as they move. The second way is by water. Some plants grow near water. Their seeds drop into the water and float away. They may travel many kilo metres before stopping. Believe it or not, some animals act as free transport(交通工具) for seeds. These seeds have special parts called“ stickers”, which help them travel far. How? The seeds wait for an animal to pass by, then stick (粘) to its fur for a free ride. Birds also carry some seeds to new places. Seeds cannot walk, but they can travel with nature's help. How amazing living things are! 1. What will happen if new plants grow next to the old plants? 2. How do plant seeds travel by wind? 3. How far can seeds travel when they spread through water? 4. How do seeds with“ stickers” move to new places?(写出一个答案即可) 5. What other ways do you have to help seeds to spread?(给出一种方式即可) $