Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language-【重难点手册】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版）

翻重难点手册高中英语选择性必修第一册R, Section I Learning About Language 教材原文解读 英汉互译·长难句分折 词汇·语法注释 Build up your vocabulary扩大你的词汇量 3 Read the passage about Lu Xun.Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box. 阅读这篇关于鲁迅的文章。用方框中单词的正确形式填空。 insist obtain objective acknowledge apparently crucial 坚持获得目的 承认 显然 至关重要的 Lu Xun,acknowledged as one of the greatest modern writers ①(be)acknowledged as.tobe被 鲁迅被公认为中国最伟大的现代作家之一， 认作是…；被公认为… in China,was born in Shaoxing,Zhejiang Province in 1881.In 1881年生于浙江绍兴。 1904,he went to Japan and became a medical student,with the 1904年，他去了日本， 成为一名医科学生， 想要改 objective of improving people's health and saving lives.However, 善人们的健康，挽救生命。 然而， he changed his mind?when he saw in a photo a Chinese man about ②change one's mind改变某人的 当他看到照片中一名中国男子即将被一名日本士兵杀害时，他改变了 想法 to be killed by a Japanese soldier.It struck him that the other ③(be)about to do即将/刚要/正 主意。 令他震惊的是，照片中的其他 打算做… Chinese men in the photo apparently did not care about what was 中国男子显然并不关心他们的同胞发生了什么。 ④It strikes sb.that…某人突然 happening to their fellow countrymen.From this,he concluded that 想到… 由此， 他得出结论 ⑤care about担心；关心 the crucial problem in China was not physical illness,but the ⑥not…but…不是…而是… 中国的关键问题不是身体疾病， 而是当时 spiritual illness of people at that time.Following this,he quit 人们的精神疾病。 之后， 他从医 medical school.When he returned to China in 1908,he obtained a ⑦quit school退学；休学 学院退学。 1908年回国后， 他找到了一份 teaching job.In 1917,a friend insisted that he help write for a 教书的工作。1917年，一位朋友坚持要他帮忙为一本叫作《新青年》的 magazine called Nere Youth.That was how his first famous short 杂志写文章。 他的第一部著名短篇小说《狂人日记》 story A Madman's Diary got published. ⑧get published被出版 就是这样出版的。 12 UNIT1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 1In 1917,a friend insisted that he help write for a magazine called New Youth. ·insist表示“坚决主张；坚持要求”，后接that从句时，从句多为虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should十)动 词原形”。如：He insisted that we(should)accept these gifts.他一定要我们收下这些礼物。 ·insist表示“坚持说；坚决认为（多与别人的观点不同）”且后接that从句时（从句的动作多为已发生之 事)，从句使用陈述语气。如：She insisted that he was wrong.她坚持认为他错了。 UNIT 语言要点精讲 要点1 stand up to(to是介词，后面可接名词、代词或动名词作 对点例析 宾语) 用stand的相关短语完成句子 教材语境>Scientists need to value how the new material stands 例1-1(2024·北京高考书面表 up to wear and tear to prove how valuable it is. 达·改编)As I began designing 科学家们需要评估这种新材料如何经得起磨损以证明它的价值。 experiments,my committee members warned me that my (1)stand up to后接物时，有如下含义： research plan should ①（材料、产品等）能承受；经受得住；耐(…) various challenges. Is this building going to stand up to the strongest winds? 例1-2(2024·北京高考完形填 这座建筑能经得住最强劲的大风吗？ 空·改编)My friends checked the post and came back shouting, ②经得起（检验、审查等）】 “Amy,you and got She was confident that her witness would stand up well to the main role!" detailed questioning.她相信她的证人经得起详细的询问。 【答案与解析】 l-1 stand up to句意：在我开 (2)stand up to后接人时，意为“抵抗；勇敢反对”。 始设计实验时，我的组委会成员 Nobody thought he would be brave enough to stand up to her. 就提醒我，我的研究计划要经受 谁也没想到他会有足够的勇气顶撞她。 住各种挑战。 拓展stand构成的其他短语： 1-2 stood out句意：我的朋 友们确认了邮件，一边往回走， stand for象征；支持 一边高喊着，“艾米，你脱颖而 stand out显眼；突出；出色；杰出 出，拿到了主角（资格）！” stand by袖手旁观（不及物）；支持，帮助（某人》 单句写作 例2-1一台高质量的发动机必 要点2 wear and tear(正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗 须经得起磨损。 A high-quality engine must stand The truck shows scarcely any sign of wear and tear. up to 这辆卡车基本上没有什么磨损。 例2-2人体是一台生物机器， 和所有机器一样，它会被用坏。 拓展worn adj..用旧的；用坏的；破烂的 The human body is a biological machine,and like all machines an old pair of worn jeans一条破旧的牛仔裤 it can wear out用坏；穿破；使筋疲力尽 【答案】 搭配 2-1 wear and tear wear wel耐用；耐穿；耐磨 2-2 wear out 13 重难点手册高中英语选择性必修第一册RJ 要点3 conclusion n.结论；推论 单句语法填空 教材语境>Did you come to any conclusions? 例31（经典·全国高考乙卷书 面表达·改编)n 你得出什么结论了吗？ (conclude),we should have a arrive at/come to/reach/draw a conclusion得出结论 good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages. 搭配 jump to conclusions匆忙下结论 例3-2（经典·天津高考完形 in conclusion最后；总之 填空·改编)This led Jones to the conclude) He came to the conclusion that there were many people who that there are too many extremely knew nothing about first aid. lonely people in his community, 他得出结论，那就是许多人对急救一无所知。 who are easy targets of cheating. 例3-3(2024·全国新高考Ⅱ卷 In conclusion,I'd like to say that the party leaves a deep 阅读C·改编)It can (conclude)that BMF impression on me. employees are devoted to 最后，我想说，这场聚会给我留下了深刻的印象。 community service and have a 拓展conclude vt.断定，推断出；结束，终止 strong environmental awareness. 【答案与解析】 conclude.from…从…中推断出… 3-1 conclusion 句意：总之， conclude(sth.)with用…结束（某事） 我们应该很好地了解它的优点 和缺点。 to conclude(=in conclusion)最后；总之 3-2 conclusion句意：这使琼 I concluded from his words that he lacked confidence. 斯得出结论— 在他的社区中 我从他的话中得出结论，那就是他缺乏信心。 有太多极度孤独的人，他们很容 易成为被欺骗的目标。 The evening concluded with dinner and speeches. 3-3 be concluded句意：可以 这个夜晚在宴会和讲话中结束了。 得出结论—BMF的员工热衷于 社区服务，并有很强的环境意识。 要点4 It strikes/struck sb.hat…某人突然想到/意识到… 单句语法填空 例41（经典·天津高考完形填 教材语境>It struck him that the other Chinese men in the photo 空·改编)This combination of apparently did not care about what was happening to their healing myself and healing the world struck me the fellow countrymen. perfect solution. 令他震惊的是，照片中的其他中国男子显然并不关心他们的同胞 例42（经典·北京高考书面 发生了什么。 表达·改编) suddenly hit me that traditional culture like When I experienced repeated failures and decided to yield,it tea culture was of great charm and struck me that success might arise from the last stroke of huge value. 例43（经典·全国高考Ⅱ卷完 efforts..当我经历了一次又一次的失败并决定放弃的时候，我突 形填空·改编)He was unconscious 然意识到成功可能来自最后一搏。 and as I looked at his face, something (occur) 链接含义相近的结构： to me. It occurred/,occurs to sb.that…某人想起/想到… 【答案与解析】 4-1as句意：治愈自己，也治 It hit/.hits sb..that.某人突然想起… 愈世界一这在我看来就是完 strike sb,as…给某人以…印象；让某人觉得… 美的解决方案。 14 UNIT1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT It occurred to me that I hadn't finished my homework. 42It句意：我突然想到，像 我突然想到，我还没完成作业。 茶文化这样的传统文化有着巨 大的魅力和价值。 It hit me suddenly that I had met him somewhere. 4-3 occurred句意：他没有了 意识，当我看着他的脸，我突然 我突然想起我在什么地方见过他。 想起了什么。 要点5 circumstance n.[usually pl.]条件；环境；状况 单句语法填空 例5-1(2023·全国新高考Ⅱ 教材语境>There is nothing we can do to help Linda..Her UNIT 卷七选五·改编)So many of us circumstances are beyond our control. have the belief that when we 我们没有办法帮助琳达。我们无法控制她的情况。 experience something outside under/in.circumstances在…情况下 of our comfort zone,we get 搭配 nder/in no circumstances决不；无论如何都不（位于句 impatient about the (circumstance). 首时，句子用部分倒装结构) 单句写作 Under such circumstances,they are likely to buy souvenirs in her 例5-2（经典·天津高考·改 shop. 编)教授警告学生们，在他的课 在这种情况下，他们可能会去她的商店买纪念品。 堂上无论如何都不能使用 手机 Under no circumstances should you explore the unknown place The professor warned the students by yourself. that they 在任何情况下你都不应该独自探索那个未知的地方。 use mobile phones in his class. Adolescents tend to adapt to the study atmosphere and 【答案与解析】 5-1 circumstances句意：我 circumstance quickly. 们中有太多人相信，当我们踏出 青少年往往能很快地适应学习氛围和环境。 自己的舒适圈，我们就会对环境 易错提醒 感到烦躁。 表示否定意义的介词短语at no time(在任何时候都不)、onno 5-2 in under no circumstances condition(无论如何都不)、on no account(决不)位于句首时，句子要用 should或onno account. 部分倒装结构。 condition should 语法要点精讲 非限制性定语从句 要点1非限制性定语从句的关系词 词+关系代词which/whom”引导。关系代词 非限制性定语从句可以用which、who、 which引导非限制性定语从句时，既可以指代 whom、whose、when、where引导，也可以用“介 名词或代词，也可以指代整个主句。 15 用重难点手册高中英语选择性必修第一册RJ 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从 the playground.(who引导非限制性定语从句， 要点2 句的区别 不可以换成that) 区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 那对双胞胎完成作业之后，被允许到操场 说明的是先行词必不 对先行词进行补 上打羽毛球。 作用不同 可少的情况 充解释 as与which引导非限制性定语从 要点3 句，先行词是整个主句时的区别 关系词和先行词不用 关系词和先行词 形式不同 逗号分开 用逗号分开 (1)as引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 整个主句时，as具有“正如；像”等意思。as引 先行词 可以是名词或代 只能是名词或代词 导的非限制性定语从句中常含有see、know、 不同 词，也可以是句子 hear、watch、report、remember、say、tell、show、 可用that;关系代词 不可用that;关 expect、guess等动词，这类动词与as连用儿乎 关系词 在从句中作宾语时可 系代词不可省 成了一种固定搭配。as引导的定语从句可以 不同 省略；可用who代 略；不可用who 替whom 代替whom 置于句首、句中或句尾。 The number of smokers,as is reported, 译成与主句并列 译法不同 译成先行词的定语 的分句 has dropped by 17%in just one year. 据报道，仅在一年之内吸烟人数就下降 That evening,which I will tell you more 了17%。 about later,I ended up working very late. As is often the case with children,Amy (which引导非限制性定语从句，which不能换 was better by the time the doctor arrived. 成that,也不能省略) 当医生赶到时，艾米好多了，对于孩子来说 结果那天晚上我工作到很晚，我稍后再跟 这是常见的情况。 你细讲那天晚上的事。 We had launched another 知识拓展 man-made 常见的由as引导的定语从句 satellite,which was reported in today's newspaper. as we all know众所周知 (which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是逗号 as we all can see正如我们都能看到的那样 前面的句子) as I can remember正如我所记得的 我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这件事在今天 as you can see如你所见 的报纸上报道过了。 as often happens正如经常发生的那样 Finally he reached a lonely island which was as we expect正如我们预料的那样 completely cut off from the outside world.(which as was expected正如预料的那样 引导限制性定语从句，可以换成that) as has been said above如上所述 最后他来到一个完全与世隔绝的孤岛上。 as can be seen可以看出；正如所看到的 The twins, who had finished their as may be imagined正如可以想象的那样 as is often the case这是常见的情况 homework,were allowed to play badminton on 16 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT (2)which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰 他可能会赢得比赛，要是那样的话，他很可 前面主句所提到的整件事时，常译为“这一点； 能会进入国家队。 这件事”。这时它所引导的从句与主句之间常 She graduated from a local high school, 含有语义上的并列、因果关系。which引导的 after which she went to Peking University. 定语从句只能置于主句的后面。 她毕业于当地的一所高中，之后她去了北 Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize in 京大学。 UNIT Literature in 2012,which made one of the (4)当从句的谓语动词是否定形式或包含 Chinese people's long-held dreams come true. 一个复合宾语时，一般用which而不用as。 莫言在2012年获得了诺贝尔文学奖，这使 Tom drinks a lot every day,which his 得中国人长久以来的一个梦想成真了。 wife doesn't like at all China Today attracts a worldwide readership, 汤姆每天酗酒，他的妻子一点儿也不喜欢 which shows that more and more people all 他这样。 over the world want to learn about China. He pretended not to know me,which I 《今日中国》吸引了全世界的读者，这一点 didn't understand. 表明世界上有越来越多的人想了解中国。 他假装不认识我，这是我不理解的。 (3)which在定语从句中可以作定语或介 He admires everyone in his class,which I 词的宾语，而as则不能。 find quite strange. He may win the competition,in which 他赞扬班里的每个学生，我认为这太奇 case he is likely to get into the national team. 怪了。 17