专题04 非谓语动词（知识梳理+高频考点精讲+进阶分级练）（讲义，广东专用）英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题04 非谓语动词 目录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 进阶分级练 语法类别 核心学考要求 重点掌握内容 能力目标 非谓语动词 1. 掌握动词不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词的基本用法及辨析；2. 能在语境中正确选择非谓语动词形式；3. 能识别并改正非谓语动词的常见错误。 - 动词不定式：- 作宾语：want to do, hope to do- 作宾语补足语：ask sb. to do, tell sb. to do- 作目的状语：to do sth .- 动名词：- 作宾语：enjoy doing, practice doing- 作主语：Doing sth. is... - 现在分词：- 作定语：a sleeping baby- 作状语（表主动、进行）：Walking in the park, we saw a bird. - 过去分词：- 作定语：a broken cup- 作状语（表被动、完成）：Seen from the hill, the city is beautiful.- 作宾语补足语：have sth. done 1. 能区分不同非谓语动词的语法功能（作宾语、定语、状语等）；2. 能根据逻辑关系（主动 / 被动、进行 / 完成）选择正确的非谓语形式；3. 避免 “介词后用动词原形”“不定式符号 to 遗漏” 等错误 考点：非谓语动词的用法 类别 细分 规则 例词 / 例句 非谓语动词 动词不定式 1. 作宾语：常接不定式的动词有 want、hope、plan、decide 等，如：I want to learn English.2. 作宾语补足语：ask、tell、want 等动词后接 “sb. + to do”，如：He asked me to help him.3. 作目的状语：常用 “to do” 表示目的，如：To get good grades, he studies hard. want to do; ask sb. to do; to do sth. for purpose 动名词 1. 作宾语：enjoy、practice、finish、mind 等动词后接动名词，如：She enjoys reading books.2. 作主语：动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，如：Playing football is his hobby. enjoy doing; Doing sth. is... 现在分词 1. 作定语：表示主动、进行的动作，如：a sleeping child（一个正在睡觉的孩子）2. 作状语：表示主动、进行的动作，与逻辑主语是主动关系，如：Walking in the street, he met a friend. a sleeping child; Walking... 过去分词 1. 作定语：表示被动、完成的动作，如：a broken window（一扇被打碎的窗户）2. 作状语：表示被动、完成的动作，与逻辑主语是被动关系，如：Seen from the top, the city looks beautiful.3. 作宾语补足语：have、get 等动词后接 “sth. + done”，表示 “使某事被做”，如：I had my hair cut yesterday. a broken window; Seen...; have sth. done 练 考点：非谓语动词的用法 1. My mother reminded me ______ (not forget) to take the medicine after meals. 【答案】not to forget 【详解】考查动词不定式的否定形式。句意为“妈妈提醒我饭后不要忘记吃药”。“remind sb. not to do sth.”是固定结构，否定词“not”需置于不定式符号“to”前，故填“not to forget”。 2. The novel ______ (write) by the famous author will be published next month. 【答案】written 【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意为“这位著名作家写的小说将于下个月出版”。“novel”与“write”是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语修饰“novel”，故填“written”。 3. We found the children ______ (play) happily in the garden when we passed by. 【答案】playing 【详解】考查现在分词作宾语补足语。句意为“我们路过时发现孩子们正在花园里快乐地玩耍”。“children”与“play”是主动关系，且动作正在进行，用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填“playing”。 4. She enjoys ______ (listen) to classical music while doing homework. 【答案】listening 【详解】考查动名词作宾语。句意为“她喜欢在做作业时听古典音乐”。“enjoy”后接动名词作宾语，“enjoy doing sth.”表示“喜欢做某事”，故填“listening”。 5. The teacher encouraged us ______ (keep) trying even if we failed the experiment. 【答案】to keep 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意为“老师鼓励我们即使实验失败也要继续尝试”。“encourage sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，故填“to keep”。 6. ______ (finish) his homework, he went out to play basketball with his friends. 【答案】Having finished 【详解】考查现在分词的完成式。句意为“完成作业后，他出去和朋友打篮球了”。“finish”动作发生在“went out”之前，且逻辑主语“he”与“finish”是主动关系，用现在分词完成式作时间状语，故填“Having finished”。 7. The machine needs ______ (repair) because it has been used for many years. 【答案】repairing/to be repaired 【详解】考查动名词的主动表被动或动词不定式的被动式。句意为“这台机器需要修理，因为它已经用了很多年了”。“need doing sth.”表示“某物需要被做”，主动形式表被动含义；也可用“need to be repaired”，故填“repairing/to be repaired”。 8. I want ______ (learn) how to edit videos with this software by watching tutorials. 【答案】to learn 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语。句意为“我想通过看教程学习用这款软件剪辑视频”。“want to do sth.”表示“想要做某事”，故填“to learn”。 9. The meeting ______ (hold) tomorrow is about the new company policy. 【答案】to be held 【详解】考查动词不定式的被动式作定语。句意为“明天要开的会议是关于公司新政策的”。“meeting”与“hold”是被动关系，且动作发生在将来，用“to be held”作后置定语，故填“to be held”。 10. We have ______ (finish) this report before the meeting starts this afternoon. 【答案】to finish 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语。句意为“我们必须在今天下午会议开始前完成这份报告”。“have to do sth.”表示“必须做某事”，故填“to finish”。 11. She is interested in ______ (collect) stamps from different countries. 【答案】collecting 【详解】考查动名词作宾语。句意为“她对收集不同国家的邮票感兴趣”。“be interested in doing sth.”是固定搭配，“in”是介词，后接动名词，故填“collecting”。 12. ______ (see) from the top of the mountain, the city looks more beautiful. 【答案】Seen 【详解】考查过去分词作状语。句意为“从山顶上看，这座城市看起来更美丽”。逻辑主语“the city”与“see”是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，故填“Seen”。 13. My father told me ______ (be) more careful when riding a bike on rainy days. 【答案】to be 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意为“爸爸告诉我雨天骑自行车时要更加小心”。“tell sb. to do sth.”表示“告诉某人做某事”，故填“to be”。 14. They saw a boy ______ (cry) at the corner of the street and stopped to help him. 【答案】crying 【详解】考查现在分词作宾语补足语。句意为“他们看到一个男孩在街角哭，就停下来帮助他”。“boy”与“cry”是主动关系，且动作正在进行，用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填“crying”。 15. The problem ______ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday is very important for our team. 【答案】discussed 【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意为“昨天会议上讨论的问题对我们团队非常重要”。“problem”与“discuss”是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用过去分词作后置定语，故填“discussed”。 16. She decided ______ (change) her lifestyle by eating less junk food to keep fit. 【答案】to change 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语。句意为“她决定通过少吃垃圾食品改变生活方式来保持健康”。“decide to do sth.”意为“决定做某事”，故填“to change”。 17. He apologized for ______ (be) late for the meeting because of the heavy traffic. 【答案】being 【详解】考查动名词作宾语。句意为“他因为交通堵塞开会迟到而道歉”。“apologize for doing sth.”是固定搭配，“for”是介词，后接动名词，故填“being”。 18. It’s important ______ (learn) from the mistakes we made in the mid-term exam. 【答案】to learn 【详解】考查动词不定式作主语。句意为“从我们期中考试犯的错误中吸取教训很重要”。“It’s+形容词+to do sth.”中It是形式主语，真正主语是不定式，故填“to learn”。 19. ______ (not know) his address, we couldn’t get in touch with him. 【答案】Not knowing 【详解】考查现在分词的否定式作状语。句意为“不知道他的地址，我们无法联系到他”。逻辑主语“we”与“know”是主动关系，否定式在现在分词前加“not”，故填“Not knowing”。 20. My mother advised me ______ (not stay) up too late reviewing lessons before exams. 【答案】not to stay 【详解】考查动词不定式的否定形式。句意为“妈妈建议我考试前不要熬夜太晚复习功课”。“advise sb. not to do sth.”表示“建议某人不要做某事”，故填“not to stay”。 21.My sister prefers ______ stories to her little brother rather than watch TV before bed. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意为“我姐姐睡前更喜欢给她的小弟弟讲故事，而不是看电视”。“prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.”是固定句型，表“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，故选B。 22. The film ______ by the young director won several awards at the international festival. A. direct B. directing C. directed D. to direct 【答案】C 【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意为“这位年轻导演执导的电影在国际电影节上获得了多个奖项”。“film”与“direct”是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，故选C。 23. We noticed a group of children ______ happily in the playground when we walked past. A. play B. playing C. to play D. played 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在分词作宾语补足语。句意为“我们走过时注意到一群孩子在操场上快乐地玩耍”。“children”与“play”是主动关系且动作正在进行，“notice sb. doing sth.”表“注意到某人正在做某事”，故选B。 24. It’s difficult ______ this math problem without any hints from the teacher. A. answer B. to answer C. answering D. answered 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式作主语。句意为“没有老师的提示，解答这道数学题很难”。“It’s+形容词+to do sth.”句型中It是形式主语，真正主语是不定式，故选B。 25. She hopes ______ her favorite singer at the concert which will be held next month. A. meet B. to meet C. meeting D. met 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语。句意为“她希望在将于下个月举行的演唱会上见到她最喜欢的歌手”。“hope to do sth.”是固定用法，故选B。 26. My parents told me ______ too much time playing computer games because it harms eyesight. A. not spend B. not to spend C. don’t spend D. not spending 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式的否定形式。句意为“父母告诉我不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏，因为它伤害视力”。“tell sb. not to do sth.”表“告诉某人不要做某事”，故选B。 27. We need ______ more time to practice speaking English with foreign teachers. A. take B. takes C. to take D. taking 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语。句意为“我们需要更多时间和外教练习说英语”。“need to do sth.”表“需要做某事”，故选C。 28. He decided ______ a trip to Beijing to visit the Forbidden City during summer vacation. A. take B. to take C. taking D. took 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语。句意为“他决定暑假去北京旅行，参观故宫”。“decide to do sth.”意为“决定做某事”，故选B。 29. ______ the homework, he went to help his mother with the housework. A. Finishing B. Finished C. Having finished D. To finish 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在分词的完成式。句意为“完成作业后，他去帮妈妈做家务了”。“finish”动作发生在“went”之前，逻辑主语“he”与“finish”是主动关系，用现在分词完成式作状语，故选C。 30. The machine ______ now needs to be sent to the repair shop. A. break down B. breaking down C. broken down D. to break down 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意为“现在出故障的机器需要送到修理店”。“machine”与“break down”是主动关系，且动作正在进行，用现在分词作后置定语，故选B。 31. She is interested in ______ stamps from different countries. A. collect B. collects C. collecting D. to collect 【答案】C 【详解】考查动名词作宾语。句意为“她对收集不同国家的邮票感兴趣”。“be interested in doing sth.”是固定搭配，“in”后接动名词，故选C。 32. We have ______ the work before the boss comes back from his business trip. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语。句意为“我们必须在老板出差回来前完成工作”。“have to do sth.”表“不得不做某事”，故选B。 33. My brother likes ______ basketball after school, but today he wants ______ football with his classmates. A. play; to play B. playing; play C. playing; to play D. to play; playing 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词不定式和动名词。句意为“我哥哥喜欢放学后打篮球，但今天他想和同学踢足球”。“like doing sth.”表长期爱好，“want to do sth.”表具体意愿，故选C。 34. ______ from the top of the tower, the whole city looks amazing. A. See B. Seeing C. Seen D. To see 【答案】C 【详解】考查过去分词作状语。句意为“从塔顶看，整个城市看起来令人惊叹”。逻辑主语“the whole city”与“see”是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，故选C。 35. The doctor told her ______ more warm water every day to prevent catching a cold. A. drink B. drinks C. to drink D. drinking 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意为“医生告诉她每天多喝温水以防感冒”。“tell sb. to do sth.”表“告诉某人做某事”，故选C。 36. They hope ______ the match which is crucial for their team to enter the final. A. win B. to win C. winning D. won 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语。句意为“他们希望赢得这场对他们球队进入决赛至关重要的比赛”。“hope to do sth.”是固定用法，故选B。 37. We need ______ for the exam as soon as possible because it’s only two weeks away. A. prepare B. to prepare C. preparing D. prepared 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语。句意为“我们需要尽快为考试做准备，因为只剩两周了”。“need to do sth.”表“需要做某事”，故选B。 38. She decided ______ her hair short to make it easier to take care of during the trip. A. cut B. to cut C. cutting D. cuts 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语。句意为“她决定把头发剪短，以便旅行中更容易打理”。“decide to do sth.”意为“决定做某事”，故选B。 39. The book ______ on the desk is mine. It was written by Mo Yan. A. lie B. lying C. lay D. lain 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意为“放在桌子上的那本书是我的，它是莫言写的”。“book”与“lie”是主动关系，用现在分词“lying”作后置定语，故选B。 40. He apologized for ______ late for the meeting because of the heavy rain. A. be B. being C. to be D. been 【答案】B 【详解】考查动名词作宾语。句意为“他因为大雨开会迟到而道歉”。“apologize for doing sth.”是固定搭配，“for”后接动名词，故选B。 一、单项选择 1. The teacher asked the students ______ their textbooks and take notes carefully. A. open B. opening C. to open D. opened 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意为“老师让学生们打开课本，认真记笔记”。“ask sb. to do sth.”是固定结构，表“要求某人做某事”，故选C。 2. We noticed a little girl ______ alone at the bus stop when we went home yesterday. A. wait B. waiting C. to wait D. waited 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在分词作宾语补足语。句意为“昨天我们回家时，注意到一个小女孩正在公交车站独自等待”。“notice sb. doing sth.”表“注意到某人正在做某事”，“girl”与“wait”是主动关系且动作正在进行，故选B。 3. My parents always encourage me ______ part in after-school activities to make more friends. A. take B. takes C. taking D. to take 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。句意为“我父母总是鼓励我参加课外活动，交更多朋友”。“encourage sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，表“鼓励某人做某事”，故选D。 4. The story ______ by my grandmother last night made me laugh a lot. A. tell B. telling C. told D. to tell 【答案】C 【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意为“昨晚奶奶讲的故事让我笑了很久”。“story”与“tell”是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语修饰“story”，故选C。 5. It’s important ______ English well if you want to communicate with foreigners. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词不定式作主语。句意为“如果你想和外国人交流，学好英语很重要”。“It’s+形容词+to do sth.”是固定句型，It为形式主语，真正主语是不定式，故选B。 6. He enjoys ______ basketball with his classmates every weekend. A. play B. plays C. playing D. to play 【答案】C 【详解】考查动名词作宾语。句意为“他喜欢每个周末和同学们打篮球”。“enjoy”后接动名词作宾语，“enjoy doing sth.”表“喜欢做某事”，故选C。 7. ______ the heavy snow, we had to cancel the school trip to the museum. A. Because B. Because of C. So D. Since 【答案】B 【详解】考查介词短语。句意为“由于大雪，我们不得不取消去博物馆的学校旅行”。“because of”后接名词（短语），“the heavy snow”是名词短语，故选B。 8. The machine ______ now needs to be checked by a professional worker. A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意为“现在出故障的机器需要由专业工人检查”。“machine”与“break”是主动关系，且动作正在进行，用现在分词作后置定语，故选B。 9. She decided ______ a new laptop for her study next term. A. buy B. buys C. buying D. to buy 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词不定式作宾语。句意为“她决定下学期买一台新笔记本电脑用于学习”。“decide to do sth.”是固定用法，表“决定做某事”，故选D。 10. ______ from the hilltop, the small village looks like a beautiful painting. A. See B. Seeing C. Seen D. To see 【答案】C 【详解】考查过去分词作状语。句意为“从山顶上看，这个小村庄像一幅美丽的画”。逻辑主语“the small village”与“see”是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，故选C。 二、单句语法填空 11. My sister practices ______ (play) the piano for an hour every evening. 【答案】playing 【详解】考查动名词作宾语。句意为“我妹妹每天晚上练习弹钢琴一小时”。“practice”后接动名词作宾语，“practice doing sth.”表“练习做某事”，故填“playing”。 12. The letter ______ (write) by my pen pal from Canada arrived this morning. 【答案】written 【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意为“我加拿大笔友写的信今天早上到了”。“letter”与“write”是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，故填“written”。 13. It’s necessary ______ (keep) quiet in the library so as not to disturb others. 【答案】to keep 【详解】考查动词不定式作主语。句意为“在图书馆保持安静是必要的，以免打扰他人”。“It’s+形容词+to do sth.”中It是形式主语，真正主语是不定式，故填“to keep”。 14. We found a cat ______ (hide) under the tree when we were taking a walk in the park. 【答案】hiding 【详解】考查现在分词作宾语补足语。句意为“我们在公园散步时，发现一只猫藏在树下”。“cat”与“hide”是主动关系且动作正在进行，用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填“hiding”。 15. He apologized for ______ (be) late for the meeting because of the traffic jam. 【答案】being 【详解】考查动名词作宾语。句意为“他因为交通堵塞开会迟到而道歉”。“apologize for doing sth.”是固定搭配，“for”是介词，后接动名词，故填“being”。 16. The book ______ (publish) last year has become very popular among teenagers. 【答案】published 【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意为“去年出版的那本书在青少年中很受欢迎”。“book”与“publish”是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用过去分词作后置定语，故填“published”。 17. My mother told me ______ (not eat) too much junk food because it’s bad for health. 【答案】not to eat 【详解】考查动词不定式的否定形式。句意为“妈妈告诉我不要吃太多垃圾食品，因为它对健康有害”。“tell sb. not to do sth.”表“告诉某人不要做某事”，故填“not to eat”。 18. ______ (finish) his homework, Tom went to help his mom with the dishes. 【答案】Having finished 【详解】考查现在分词的完成式。句意为“完成作业后，汤姆去帮妈妈洗碗了”。“finish”动作发生在“went”之前，逻辑主语“Tom”与“finish”是主动关系，用现在分词完成式作状语，故填“Having finished”。 19. The flowers in the garden need ______ (water) every day when it’s hot. 【答案】watering/to be watered 【详解】考查动名词的主动表被动或动词不定式的被动式。句意为“天气热的时候，花园里的花每天都需要浇水”。“need doing sth.”表“某物需要被做”，主动形式表被动；也可用“need to be watered”，故填“watering/to be watered”。 20. She hopes ______ (admit) to the art club because she is good at drawing. 【答案】to be admitted 【详解】考查动词不定式的被动式。句意为“她希望能被艺术俱乐部录取，因为她擅长画画”。“hope to do sth.”是固定搭配，“she”与“admit”是被动关系，故填“to be admitted”。 一、阅读理解 A （2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷02））Grandma Moses is among the most famous twentieth-century painters of the United States, yet she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies. As she once said to herself:  “I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me.” No one could have had a more productive old age. She was born on a farm in New York State, one of five boys and five girls. At twelve she left home and was in domestic (家庭的) service until, at twenty - seven, she married Thomas Moses, the hired hand of one of her employers. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. She had ten children, of whom only five survived ; her husband died in1927. Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery (刺绣) pictures as a hobby, but only changed to oils in old age because her hands had become too stiff (硬的) to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore (杂货店) and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought everything she painted. Three of the pictures exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930’s and her death she produced some 2,000 pictures: detailed and lively portrayals (描绘) of the country life she had known for so long, with a wonderful sense of colour and form. “I think really hard till I think of something really pretty, and then I paint it.” she said. 21．From Grandma Moses’ description of herself in the first paragraph, it can be inferred that she was ______. A．Independent. B．pretty. C．rich. D．nervous. 22．Grandma Moses spent most of her life ______. A．Nursing. B．painting. C．embroidering. D．farming. 23．The underlined word “survived” means ______. A．graduated from college. B．examined the condition of the house. C．lived longer than the other children. D．gave up themselves to the police. 24．According to the passage, Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to ______. A．make herself beautiful. B．keep active. C．earn more money. D．become famous. 25．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Grandma Moses: Her Life and Pictures. B．The Children of Grandma Moses. C．Grandma Moses: Her Best Exhibition. D．Grandma Moses and Other Older Artists. 【答案】21．A 22．D 23．C 24．B 25．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。全文介绍了画家摩西奶奶以及她的有关作品。 21．推理判断题。根据第一段“I would never sit back in a rocking chair，waiting for someone to help me (我永远不会坐在摇椅上，等着别人来帮助我)”可知她是一个独立的人。故选A项。 22．细节理解题。根据第二段“They farmed most of their lives (他们大部分时间都在务农)”可知摩西奶奶与其丈夫一生中的大部分时间都是务农的。故选D项。 23．词句猜测题。根据第二段“She had ten children, of whom only five survived ; her husband died in1927. (她生了十个孩子，只有五个survived；她的丈夫于1927年去世。)”可知，根据“only”可知，她生了十个孩子，只有五个活了下来。故选C项。 24．推理判断题。根据第一段“ As she once said to herself:  “I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me.” No one could have had a more productive old age. (正如她曾经对自己说的那样：“我永远不会坐在摇椅上，等着别人来帮助我。”没有人能拥有比他更富有成效的晚年了。)”可知，根据这篇文章，摩西奶奶开始画画是因为她想保持活跃。故选B。 25．主旨大意题。通读全文以及根据第一段“Grandma Moses is among the most famous twentieth-century painters of the United States,yet she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies. (摩西奶奶是20世纪美国最著名的画家之一，但她直到70多岁才开始画画。)”全文就是介绍了画家摩西奶奶的生活以及她的有关作品，A项“摩西奶奶：她的生活和绘画。”能概括文章主题。故选A项。 B （2025年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷02）The FIFA World Cup came to an end in December 2022. But the love for soccer is still very much alive and well in Zibo, Shandong Province. Zibo is called “the home of soccer ball”. It’s the birthplace of the ancient Chinese sport of cuju. In 2004, cuju won the recognition of FIFA — soccer’s governing body — as the earliest form of soccer. The Chinese character cu means to kick. Ju means an ancient type of leather ball. It has feathers (羽毛) or grain chaff (谷糠) inside. The ancient Chinese historical text Zhan Guo Ce says cuju was a form of amusement among common people. But during the Han Dynasty, soldiers played cuju for army training. During the Tang Dynasty, women played cuju at the royal court (朝廷) for the amusement of the emperors. It entered the golden age in the Song Dynasty when it became popular among every class. Yet, the 2,000-year-old game slowly got out of people’s lives during the Ming Dynasty. Li Weipeng, 34, from Linzi district of Zibo city, is a seventh-generation inheritor (传承人) of cuju. He has been practicing cuju skills for 18 years. Mastering different cuju skills is not easy. “At the beginning, I spent eight hours a day practicing juggling (颠球) a ball. It was tiring,” Li told China Daily. He now can juggle a ball with his foot over 10,000 times in a row. Teaching students cuju moves is a part of Li’s job. The traditional Chinese sport cuju is now popular at primary and middle schools in Linzi. “Students show great interest in playing cuju. It encourages me to promote the ancient sport,” Li said. 26．Why is Zibo called “the home of soccer ball”? A．Because cuju was born there. B．Because people there love soccer. C．Because there is a branch of FIFA． D．Because modern soccer began there. 27．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．The way of making cuju. B．The development of cuju. C．The value of cuju to the world. D．The popularity of cuju among the Chinese. 28．In the Ming Dynasty, cuju _______. A．was used to train soldiers B．was enjoyed by the emperors C．became popular among women D．slowly disappeared in people’s lives 29．Which of the following is true about Li Weipeng? A．He is the only inheritor of cuju. B．He thinks it easy to learn cuju skills. C．He now practises cuju eight hours a day. D．He passes down cuju skills to the younger generation. 30．What the best title for the passage? A．Zibo — a city of soccer fans B．Cuju — its yesterday and today C．Soccer — a popular sport in China D．Li Weipeng — a devoted instructor of cuju 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．D 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了山东淄博被称为“足球之乡”，是古代运动蹴鞠的发源地。讲述了蹴鞠的历史发展，包括其在不同朝代的用途和流行程度，还介绍了淄博临淄的蹴鞠第七代传承人李为鹏，他练习蹴鞠技艺多年，并致力于在学校推广蹴鞠，如今蹴鞠在当地中小学颇受欢迎。 26．细节理解题。根据第一段“Zibo is called the home of soccer ball. It’s the birthplace of the ancient Chinese sport of cuju. (淄博被称为“足球之乡”。它是中国古代蹴鞠运动的发源地。)”可知，淄博被称为“足球之乡”是因为它是古代中国足球运动蹴鞠的发源地。故选A。 27．主旨大意题。第二段主要讲述了蹴鞠的发展历程，从古代作为民间娱乐活动，到汉代士兵用于军事训练，再到唐代女性在宫廷中玩蹴鞠供皇帝娱乐，最后在宋代进入黄金时期，但在明代逐渐淡出人们的生活。因此，第二段的主要意思是蹴鞠的发展过程。故选B。 28．细节理解题。根据第二段“Yet, the 2,000-year-old game slowly got out of people’s lives during the Ming Dynasty. (然而，这项有着2000多年历史的游戏在明代逐渐淡出了人们的生活。)”可知，在明代，这项拥有2000多年历史的运动逐渐淡出了人们的生活。故选D。 29．细节理解题。根据第四段“Teaching students cuju moves is a part of Li’s job. (教学生蹴鞠动作是李的工作之一。)”可知，李伟鹏的工作之一是教学生蹴鞠的动作，即他将蹴鞠技能传授给了年轻一代。故选D。 30．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了蹴鞠这一古代中国足球运动的历史、发展以及现代传承情况，特别是通过李伟鹏这一现代传承人的故事来展现。故选B。 C （2022年广东省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语）George Daniels lives in London. He is a watchmaker. His work continues the tradition of the English watchmakers of the 18th and 19th centuries. Today this tradition is almost dead. Daniels is the only man in the world who designs his own watches makes all the pars himself and then puts them together. A Daniels watch is the product of his hands alone. One of his watches which is now in an American museum took 3500 hours to complete. He usually makes one watch a year. Each one is inscribed (刻) with “Daniels London” and costs about $10,000. Of course these are not ordinary watches—they are very beautiful and will last three centuries. George Daniels has always been attracted by clocks and watches. When he was five he used to take his father’s clock apart and put it back together again. At school he used to repair his teachers watches. He is now internationally famous and many people would like him to make watches for them. But most of them will be disappointed. He chooses his customers very carefully indeed. It must be someone who understands the subject,” he says “not someone who will leave the watch in the drawer and only show it to dinner quests.” 31. Who is George Daniels? A. One of the few who repaired watches in the old days. B. The only man who collects old watches in the world. C. One of the few remaining watch designers in the world. D. The only man who designs and makes watches by himself. 32. How long can a Daniels watch keep working? A. 35,000 hours. B. 300 years. C. 200 years. D. 3,500 hours. 33. Which of the following shows Daniels’ early interest in watches? A. He played with his father’s clock. B. He taught people how to repair watches. C He made a watch for an American museum. D. He made beautiful and long-lasting watches. 34. George Daniels makes watches for those who _________. A. can afford his watches B. may want to show them to others C. appreciate his watches D. enjoy his watch-making process 35 What do we know about Daniels watches? A. Only a few people like them. B. They are kept in a museum. C. Only a few people can get them. D. They have a history of over 200 years. 【答案】31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位著名的钟表匠乔治·丹尼尔斯。他自己设计手表，亲手制作所有的零件，在国际上颇有名声。然而，不是所有人都能获得让他帮忙制作手表的资格，他只给那些懂得手表的人设计。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“George Daniels lives in London. He is a watchmaker. His work continues the tradition of the English watchmakers of the 133th and 134th centuries. Today this tradition is almost dead. Daniels is the only man in the world who designs his own watches makes all the pars himself and then puts them together.(乔治·丹尼尔斯住在伦敦。他是一名钟表匠。他的作品延续了133世纪和134世纪英国制表师的传统。今天，这一传统几乎已经消亡。丹尼尔斯是世界上唯一一个自己设计手表的人，他自己制造所有零件，然后把它们组装在一起。)”可知，乔治·丹尼尔斯是一个自己独自设计和制作手表的钟表匠。故选D项。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Of course these are not ordinary watches—they are very beautiful and will last three centuries.(当然，这些不是普通的手表，它们非常漂亮，可以用三个世纪。)”可知，他制作的手表可以持续三个世纪，即300年。故选B项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“George Daniels has always been attracted by clocks and watches. When he was five he used to take his father’s clock apart and put it back together again.(乔治·丹尼尔斯一直被钟表所吸引。当他五岁的时候，他经常把他父亲的钟拆开，然后再装回去。)”可知，他从小喜欢钟表，喜欢玩他父亲的钟，因此玩父亲的钟是他早期对钟表感兴趣的体现。故选A项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“It must be someone who understands the subject,” he says “not someone who will leave the watch in the drawer and only show it to dinner quests.”(他说：“一定是某个理解这个物品的人，而不是某个会把手表放在抽屉里，只在晚宴上展示的人。”)”可知，他只给那些明白他为什么设计这个手表，真正欣赏手表的人。故选C项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“He is now internationally famous and many people would like him to make watches for them. But most of them will be disappointed. He chooses his customers very carefully indeed.(他现在在国际上很有名，许多人想让他为他们制作手表。但大部分都会失望。他确实非常仔细地选择他的顾客。)”可知，不是所有人都能让他为他们制作手表，他要筛选客人，大多数都是没有这个资格的，因此可知，只有少数部分人能获得他的手表。故选C项。 D (2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷03））Every year, millions of birds are killed or hurt when they fly into buildings. Why does this happen? 36 Birds are flying into windows and tall buildings that are all covered by glass. Many birds fly from one place to another. Most of the time, they live in the wild, such as forests and wetlands. 37 They might see small trees and flowers inside a window and want to rest on these plants. The birds do not know there is glass between them and the plants. 38 Some birds fly at night. They use the moon and stars to help guide them in the right direction. Tall buildings with lights on at night can confuse the birds. 39 The birds see the light, but they cannot tell that the light is coming from inside a building. They fly toward the light and crash into a building. On many mornings, there might be several dead birds lying on the ground. 40 Many office buildings now turn off their lights at night. This helps reduce the number of birds that fly into buildings and it also helps save energy. A．This is a big problem, especially on foggy and rainy nights. B．People are trying to solve the problem. C．These birds have no idea what glass is. D．As a result, they fly right into the glass. E．The answer is glass. 【答案】36．E 37．C 38．D 39．A 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了每年，数百万只鸟在飞入建筑物时被杀死或受伤，这是许多鸟从一个地方飞到另一个地方。大多数时候，它们生活在野外，如森林和湿地。它们不知道玻璃是什么，它们可能会看到窗户里的小树和小花，想在这些植物上休息，它们直接飞入玻璃。 36．根据上文“Every year, millions of birds are killed or hurt when they fly into buildings.Why does this happen？(每年，数百万只鸟在飞入建筑物时被杀死或受伤。为什么会发生这种情况？)”可知，本句主要回答上文的问题，说的是每年，数百万只鸟在飞入建筑物时被杀死或受伤，结合选项和下文讲述的窗户上的玻璃，应说答案是玻璃。E选项“答案是玻璃”符合语境，故选E。 37．根据上文“Many birds fly from one place to another. Most of the time, they live in the wild，such as forests and wetlands. (许多鸟从一个地方飞到另一个地方。大多数时候，它们生活在野外，如森林和湿地)”和下文“They might see small trees and flowers inside a window and want to rest on these plants. (它们可能会看到窗户里的小树和小花，想在这些植物上休息)”可知，说的是生活在野外，如森林和湿地里的鸟，结合选项，应说这些鸟不知道玻璃是什么。C选项“这些鸟不知道玻璃是什么”符合语境，故选C。 38．根据上文“The birds do not know there is glass between them and the plants. (鸟儿不知道它们和植物之间有玻璃)”可知说的是鸟儿不知道它们和植物之间有玻璃，结合选项，应说结果，它们直接飞入玻璃。D选项“结果，它们直接飞到玻璃上”符合语境。故选D。 39．根据上文“Some birds fly at night. They use the moon and stars to help guide them in the right direction. Tall buildings with lights on at night can confuse the birds. (有些鸟在晚上飞行。他们利用月亮和星星来帮助他们朝着正确的方向前进。夜间开灯的高楼会把鸟弄糊涂)”可知说的是夜间开灯的高楼会把鸟弄糊涂，结合选项，应说这是一个大问题，尤其是在雾天和雨夜。A选项“这是个大问题，尤其是在有雾和下雨的夜晚”符合语境，故选A。 40．根据下文“Many office buildings now turn off their lights at night. This helps reduce the number of birds that fly into buildings and it also helps save energy. (许多办公楼现在晚上都关灯。这有助于减少飞入建筑物的鸟类数量，也有助于节约能源)”可知说的是人类做出的措施，结合选项，应说人们正在努力解决这个问题。B选项“人们正在努力解决这个问题”符合语境，故选B。 二、完形填空 （2022年广东省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语）The king of Kamera in Africa was a proud and cruel man. His men ___41___ him and immediately carried out his orders. But one day when he was saying proudly that all men were his servants, a ___42___ old man called Boukabar criticized (批评) him, saying, “All men are ___43___ of one another.” “So I am your servant, am I?” said the king very ___44___. “Then prove it. Force me to work for you before sunset, and I will ___45___ you a hundred cows. If you ___46___, I will kill you.” “Very well,” said Boukabar. Being a very old man, he had to use a stick for ___47___. Just as he took it up and was about to go out, a beggar came to the door. “Allow me,” said Boukabar, “to give this ___48___ man something to eat.” Taking some food in both hands, Boukabar tottered (蹒跚) past the king. His stick ___49___ from under his arm and got ___50___ on his clothes, and nearly tripped (绊倒) him up. He cried to the king, “Please pick up the stick or I shall fall.” The king picked it up without thinking, and Boukabar then laughed ___51___and said, “You see all ___52___ men are servants of one another. I am serving the ___53___ and you are serving me. But I do not want the ___54___. Give them to the poor.” The king did so, and took Boukabar as his chief ___55___. 41. A. liked B. feared C. avoided D. doubted 42. A. wise B. common C. strict D. polite 43. A. rulers B. servants C. workers D. students 44. A. happily B. hurriedly C. angrily D. hopefully 45. A. find B. give C. show D. lend 46. A. argue B. finish C. fail D. agree 47. A. walking B. fighting C. talking D. climbing 48. A. funny B. clever C. brave D. poor 49. A. jumped B. rose C. fell D. appeared 50. A. broken B. hurt C. taken D. caught 51. A. merrily B. bitterly C. secretly D. openly 52. A. rich B. foolish C. old D. good 53. A. waiter B. beggar C. king D. soldier 54. A. sticks B. money C. cows D. food 55. A. advisor B. king C. cook D. designer 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。一位老人通过展示自己的智慧得到了国王的认可，并被国王视为他的首席顾问。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的部下害怕他，就立刻执行他的命令。A. liked喜欢；B. feared 害怕；C. avoided避免；D. doubted 怀疑。根据上文“cruel man”可知，他很残忍，所以他的部下害怕他。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是有一天，当他骄傲地说所有的人都是他的仆人时，一位名叫布卡巴尔的智慧老人批评他说:“所有的人都是彼此的仆人。”A. wise聪明的；明智的；B. common普通的；C. strict严格的；D. polite有礼貌的。通过下文的故事，我们知道这个老人通过自己的智慧让国王认可了他，所以他是个聪明的人。故选A项。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是有一天，当他骄傲地说所有的人都是他的仆人时，一位名叫布卡巴尔的智慧老人批评他说:“所有的人都是彼此的仆人。”A. rulers统治者；B. servants仆人；C. workers工人；D. students学生。根据第二段的句子“So I am your servant, am I? （我是你的仆人，是吗?）”可知，老人认为所有人都是相互的仆人（相互服务）。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我是你的仆人，是吗?”国王生气地说。A. happily快乐地；B. hurriedly匆匆；C. angrily愤怒地；D. hopefully有希望地。根据第二段的句子“So I am your servant, am I? （我是你的仆人，是吗?）”可知，老人认为国王也是他的仆人，国王当然很生气。故选C项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：强迫我在日落之前为你干活，我就给你一百头牛。A. find查找；B. give 给予；C. show展示；D. lend 借出。根据倒数第二段的句子“But I do not want the 　　　　　　. Give them to the poor.”可知，国王是许诺给老人一百头牛。故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你做不到，我就杀了你。A. argue争论；B. finish完成；C. fail失败；D. agree同意。根据句中的“I will kill you”可知，作为对赌的条件，如果老人失败了，国王就会杀了他。故选C项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于年事已高，他走路必须拄拐杖。A. walking步行；B. fighting战斗；C. talking谈话；D. climbing攀登。因为这是一位很老的人（very old man），所以他用拐杖（stick）肯定是为了走路。故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“请允许我，”布卡巴尔说，“给这个可怜的人一些吃的。”A. funny有趣的；B. clever聪明的；C. brave勇敢的；D. poor可怜的。根据上文的“...a beggar came to the door（一个乞丐来到门口 ）”可知，那是一个乞丐，是个可怜的人。故选D项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的拐杖从他的胳膊下掉了下来，挂到他的衣服上，差点把他绊倒。A. jumped跳；B. rose升起；C. fell落下；D. appeared出现。根据下文的“Please pick up the stick or I shall fall.（请把拐杖捡起来，不然我就摔倒了。）”可知，他的拐杖掉了。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的拐杖从他的胳膊下掉了下来，挂到他的衣服上，差点把他绊倒。A. broken打破；B. hurt伤害；C. taken采取；D. caught抓住。根据下文的“nearly tripped him up（差点绊倒他）”可知，拐杖掉了后挂住了衣服才差点绊倒他，所以用短语get caught on(抓住；挂住)。故选D项。 【51题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：国王不假思索地把它捡起来，然后布卡巴尔高兴地笑了。A. merrily愉快地；B. bitterly痛苦地；C. secretly暗地里；D. openly公开地。根据上文的“The king picked it up without thinking（国王不假思索地把它捡了起来）”可知，老人证明了国王也是他的仆人，所以高兴地笑了。故选A项。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你看，所有的好人都是彼此的仆人。A. rich富有的；B. foolish愚蠢的；C. old旧的；D. good好的。根据上文的“The king picked it up without thinking（国王不假思索地把它捡了起来）”可知，老人想告诉国王像他一样所有的好人都是彼此的仆人。故选D项。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在为乞丐服务，你在为我服务。A. waiter服务员；B. beggar乞丐；C. king国王；D. soldier士兵。根据上文的“‘Allow me,’ said Boukabar, ‘to give this 　　　　　　 man something to eat.’ （‘请允许我，’布卡巴尔说，‘给这个可怜的人一些吃的。’）”可知，老人给乞丐送吃的，老人在为乞丐服务。故选B项。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我不想要那些牛。A. sticks棍子；B. money钱；C. cows牛；D. food食物。根据第二段的“I will 　　　　　　 you a hundred cows.（我就给你一百头牛）”可知，老人并不想要那些牛，想把它们给穷人。故选C项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：国王这样做了，并把布卡巴尔视为他的首席顾问。A. advisor顾问；B. king国王；C. cook烹调；D. designer设计师。根据上文的“The King did so（国王也照做了）”可知，国王兑现了承诺，也就承认了老人的智慧，所以把老人视为他的首席顾问。故选A项。 三、语法填空 （2022年1月广东省普通高中学业水平考试英语仿真模拟试卷A）According to data from people.cn, Chinese hanfu consumers surpassed 2 million in 2000. A recent report estimated that in 2022, China’s hanfu fans 56. (reach) 6.89 million. Minghuatang, a Guangzhou-based hanfu manufacturer, 57. (know) as the “Hermes (爱马仕) of hanfu.” Data from Minghuatang’s official website on May 17, 2021 showed that the customer service is busy 58. (handle) orders submitted, and the tailoring period has been scheduled to mid-March 2022. Apart 59. high-end markets, inexpensive hanfu are also popular. Data from Alibaba’s Taobao platform showed that hanfu 60. (price) between 100 yuan and 300 yuan took up over 60 percent of sales, while those over 500 yuan accounted for 61. (rough) 30 percent of sales. Zhang Yi, chief analyst at iiMedia Research, said during 62. interview with online fashion media that the popularization of hanfu was mainly driven by internet-savvy young people who often share their 63. (hobby) with others. Hit Chinese period dramas 64. are broadcast on TV have also accelerated the development of hanfu-related business. Hanfu has eventually become a mass fashion because it is a carrier of 65. (tradition) culture, not merely clothing. 【答案】 56. will reach 57. is known 58. handling 59. from 60. priced 61. roughly 62. an 63. hobbies 64. which/that 65. traditional 【分析】 本文是说明文。主要讲述了汉服市场火爆。根据人民网报道，2000奶奶中国汉服消费者超过200万。最近的一份报告估计，到2022年，中国汉服爱好者规模将达到689万人。文章还分析了汉服流行的原因。 56. 考查动词时态。句意：最近的一份报告估计，到2021年，中国汉服爱好者将达到689万人分析句子可知，reach是谓语动词，由时间状语in 2022可知，用一般将来是，故填will reach。 57. 考查动词时态语态。句意：明华堂，一家总部位于广州的汉服制造商，作为“汉服中的爱马仕”著称。分析句子可知，know是谓语动词，与主语Minghuatang是被动关系，根据语境，讲述现在的事实用一般现在时，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填is known。 58. 考查非谓语动词。句意：明华堂官方网站5月17日的数据显示，客服正忙于处理提交的订单，制衣订单已排到2022年3月中旬。be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”，用动名词作宾语，故填handling。 59. 考查固定短语。句意：除了高端市场，价格亲民的汉服也很受欢迎。apart from“除了……之外”是固定短语，根据句意，故填from。 60. 考查非谓语动词。句意：来自阿里巴巴的淘宝平台的数据显示，定价在100元到300元之间的汉服占据了60%以上的销售额。分析句子可知，that引导宾语从句，price是作定语，修饰hanfu，二者之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填priced。 61. 考查副词。句意：而超过500元的那些约占销售额的30%。修饰动词“accounted for”用副词作状语，故填roughly。 62. 考查冠词。句意：艾媒咨询公司首席分析师张毅在一次网络时尚媒体采访时说，汉服的普及主要是由精通互联网的年轻人推动的，他们经常与他人分享他们的爱好。根据句意可知，此处泛指“一次采访”，interview以元音因素开头，故填an。 63. 考查名词。句意同上。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，hobby是可数名词，由their修饰用复数，故填hobbies。 64. 考查定语从句。句意：热播中国影视剧也加速了与汉服有关的产业的发展。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰dramas，从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which或者that。故填which/that。 65. 考查形容词。句意：汉服最终会成为一种大众时尚，因为它是传统文化的载体，而不仅仅是服装。修饰名词用形容词作定语，故填traditional。 四、应用文写作 （2026年云南省普通高中学业水平统一考试仿真模拟卷01（春季高考适用））假定你是李华，你所在学校的广播站将邀请来中国参加“汉语桥”(Chinese Bridge)的外国学生Linda到校进行访谈。请你写一封邀请函，内容要点如下: 1. 采访的时间；2. 采访的主题；3. 其他。 注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头已为你写好。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【导语】该题型要求写一封邀请信，邀请外国学生Linda参加学校广播站访谈，需包含“采访时间、采访主题、其他注意事项”，考查应用文格式与信息完整性，需注意礼貌表达与逻辑清晰。 Dear Linda, My name is Li Hua, a reporter of my school's broadcasting station. I’m writing to invite you to come to my school for a visit next Monday. And we hope to do an interview with you. We know that you have come to China to participate in the “Chinese Bridge”Competition for foreign students. We marvel at how you can master Chinese so well and wonder whether you could share with us your story of learning Chinese language and culture. We wish you a very nice stay in China. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 一、词汇积累（按场景分类） 1. 身份与场景类 reporter (n.) 记者 broadcasting station (n.) 广播站（校园场景高频词） ​interview (n./v.) 采访（核心动作词，例：do an interview with sb. / interview sb.） ​competition (n.) 比赛（搭配：participate in a competition 参加比赛） 2. 动作与态度类 invite (v.) 邀请（搭配：invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事） ​master (v.) 精通、掌握（比“learn”更强调熟练度，例：master a language 精通一门语言）marvel at (phr.) 惊叹于、钦佩（比“admire”更具情感色彩，例：marvel at sb.’s skills 惊叹于某人的技能）share (v.) 分享（搭配：share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某事） look forward to (phr.) 期待（to为介词，后接名词/动名词，例：look forward to your reply / looking forward to meeting you） 二、句式拓展（从基础到进阶） 1. 身份与目的表达 基础句：I’m Li Hua. I want to invite you to my school. 进阶句：My name is Li Hua, a reporter of my school's broadcasting station. I’m writing to invite you to come to my school for a visit. （亮点：用同位语“a reporter of...”明确身份，“I’m writing to do sth.”是书信开头标准句式，更正式。） 2. 说明背景与理由 基础句：You joined the “Chinese Bridge” Competition. We want to know your Chinese learning story. 进阶句：We know that you have come to China to participate in the “Chinese Bridge” Competition for foreign students. We marvel at how you can master Chinese so well and wonder whether you could share with us your story of learning Chinese language and culture. （亮点：用“we know that...”引出对方经历，体现针对性；“marvel at...”+“wonder whether...”先赞后问，语气委婉自然。） 3. 结尾祝福与期待 基础句：I hope you have a good time in China. I wait for your reply. 进阶句：We wish you a very nice stay in China. Looking forward to your reply. （亮点：“wish sb. a nice stay”是场景化祝福，比“have a good time”更贴合“在某地停留”的语境；“Looking forward to...”简洁且符合书信结尾习惯。） / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 非谓语动词 目录 学考要求速览 必备知识梳理 高频考点精讲 进阶分级练 语法类别 核心学考要求 重点掌握内容 能力目标 非谓语动词 1. 掌握动词不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词的基本用法及辨析；2. 能在语境中正确选择非谓语动词形式；3. 能识别并改正非谓语动词的常见错误。 - 动词不定式：- 作宾语：want to do, hope to do- 作宾语补足语：ask sb. to do, tell sb. to do- 作目的状语：to do sth .- 动名词：- 作宾语：enjoy doing, practice doing- 作主语：Doing sth. is... - 现在分词：- 作定语：a sleeping baby- 作状语（表主动、进行）：Walking in the park, we saw a bird. - 过去分词：- 作定语：a broken cup- 作状语（表被动、完成）：Seen from the hill, the city is beautiful.- 作宾语补足语：have sth. done 1. 能区分不同非谓语动词的语法功能（作宾语、定语、状语等）；2. 能根据逻辑关系（主动 / 被动、进行 / 完成）选择正确的非谓语形式；3. 避免 “介词后用动词原形”“不定式符号 to 遗漏” 等错误 考点：非谓语动词的用法 类别 细分 规则 例词 / 例句 非谓语动词 动词不定式 1. 作宾语：常接不定式的动词有 want、hope、plan、decide 等，如：I want to learn English.2. 作宾语补足语：ask、tell、want 等动词后接 “sb. + to do”，如：He asked me to help him.3. 作目的状语：常用 “to do” 表示目的，如：To get good grades, he studies hard. want to do; ask sb. to do; to do sth. for purpose 动名词 1. 作宾语：enjoy、practice、finish、mind 等动词后接动名词，如：She enjoys reading books.2. 作主语：动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，如：Playing football is his hobby. enjoy doing; Doing sth. is... 现在分词 1. 作定语：表示主动、进行的动作，如：a sleeping child（一个正在睡觉的孩子）2. 作状语：表示主动、进行的动作，与逻辑主语是主动关系，如：Walking in the street, he met a friend. a sleeping child; Walking... 过去分词 1. 作定语：表示被动、完成的动作，如：a broken window（一扇被打碎的窗户）2. 作状语：表示被动、完成的动作，与逻辑主语是被动关系，如：Seen from the top, the city looks beautiful.3. 作宾语补足语：have、get 等动词后接 “sth. + done”，表示 “使某事被做”，如：I had my hair cut yesterday. a broken window; Seen...; have sth. done 练 考点：非谓语动词的用法 1. My mother reminded me ______ (not forget) to take the medicine after meals. 2. The novel ______ (write) by the famous author will be published next month. 3. We found the children ______ (play) happily in the garden when we passed by. 4. She enjoys ______ (listen) to classical music while doing homework. 5. The teacher encouraged us ______ (keep) trying even if we failed the experiment. 6. ______ (finish) his homework, he went out to play basketball with his friends. 7. The machine needs ______ (repair) because it has been used for many years. 8. I want ______ (learn) how to edit videos with this software by watching tutorials. 9. The meeting ______ (hold) tomorrow is about the new company policy. 10. We have ______ (finish) this report before the meeting starts this afternoon. 11. She is interested in ______ (collect) stamps from different countries. 12. ______ (see) from the top of the mountain, the city looks more beautiful. 13. My father told me ______ (be) more careful when riding a bike on rainy days. 14. They saw a boy ______ (cry) at the corner of the street and stopped to help him. 15. The problem ______ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday is very important for our team. 16. She decided ______ (change) her lifestyle by eating less junk food to keep fit. 17. He apologized for ______ (be) late for the meeting because of the heavy traffic. 18. It’s important ______ (learn) from the mistakes we made in the mid-term exam. 19. ______ (not know) his address, we couldn’t get in touch with him. 20. My mother advised me ______ (not stay) up too late reviewing lessons before exams. 21.My sister prefers ______ stories to her little brother rather than watch TV before bed. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told 22. The film ______ by the young director won several awards at the international festival. A. direct B. directing C. directed D. to direct 23. We noticed a group of children ______ happily in the playground when we walked past. A. play B. playing C. to play D. played 24. It’s difficult ______ this math problem without any hints from the teacher. A. answer B. to answer C. answering D. answered 25. She hopes ______ her favorite singer at the concert which will be held next month. A. meet B. to meet C. meeting D. met 26. My parents told me ______ too much time playing computer games because it harms eyesight. A. not spend B. not to spend C. don’t spend D. not spending 27. We need ______ more time to practice speaking English with foreign teachers. A. take B. takes C. to take D. taking 28. He decided ______ a trip to Beijing to visit the Forbidden City during summer vacation. A. take B. to take C. taking D. took 29. ______ the homework, he went to help his mother with the housework. A. Finishing B. Finished C. Having finished D. To finish 30. The machine ______ now needs to be sent to the repair shop. A. break down B. breaking down C. broken down D. to break down 31. She is interested in ______ stamps from different countries. A. collect B. collects C. collecting D. to collect 32. We have ______ the work before the boss comes back from his business trip. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished 33. My brother likes ______ basketball after school, but today he wants ______ football with his classmates. A. play; to play B. playing; play C. playing; to play D. to play; playing 34. ______ from the top of the tower, the whole city looks amazing. A. See B. Seeing C. Seen D. To see 35. The doctor told her ______ more warm water every day to prevent catching a cold. A. drink B. drinks C. to drink D. drinking 36. They hope ______ the match which is crucial for their team to enter the final. A. win B. to win C. winning D. won 37. We need ______ for the exam as soon as possible because it’s only two weeks away. A. prepare B. to prepare C. preparing D. prepared 38. She decided ______ her hair short to make it easier to take care of during the trip. A. cut B. to cut C. cutting D. cuts 39. The book ______ on the desk is mine. It was written by Mo Yan. A. lie B. lying C. lay D. lain 40. He apologized for ______ late for the meeting because of the heavy rain. A. be B. being C. to be D. been 一、单项选择 1. The teacher asked the students ______ their textbooks and take notes carefully. A. open B. opening C. to open D. opened 2. We noticed a little girl ______ alone at the bus stop when we went home yesterday. A. wait B. waiting C. to wait D. waited 3. My parents always encourage me ______ part in after-school activities to make more friends. A. take B. takes C. taking D. to take 4. The story ______ by my grandmother last night made me laugh a lot. A. tell B. telling C. told D. to tell 5. It’s important ______ English well if you want to communicate with foreigners. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 6. He enjoys ______ basketball with his classmates every weekend. A. play B. plays C. playing D. to play 7. ______ the heavy snow, we had to cancel the school trip to the museum. A. Because B. Because of C. So D. Since 8. The machine ______ now needs to be checked by a professional worker. A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break 9. She decided ______ a new laptop for her study next term. A. buy B. buys C. buying D. to buy 10. ______ from the hilltop, the small village looks like a beautiful painting. A. See B. Seeing C. Seen D. To see 二、单句语法填空 11. My sister practices ______ (play) the piano for an hour every evening. 12. The letter ______ (write) by my pen pal from Canada arrived this morning. 13. It’s necessary ______ (keep) quiet in the library so as not to disturb others. 14. We found a cat ______ (hide) under the tree when we were taking a walk in the park. 15. He apologized for ______ (be) late for the meeting because of the traffic jam. 16. The book ______ (publish) last year has become very popular among teenagers. 17. My mother told me ______ (not eat) too much junk food because it’s bad for health. 18. ______ (finish) his homework, Tom went to help his mom with the dishes. 19. The flowers in the garden need ______ (water) every day when it’s hot. 20. She hopes ______ (admit) to the art club because she is good at drawing. 一、阅读理解 A （2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷02））Grandma Moses is among the most famous twentieth-century painters of the United States, yet she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies. As she once said to herself:  “I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me.” No one could have had a more productive old age. She was born on a farm in New York State, one of five boys and five girls. At twelve she left home and was in domestic (家庭的) service until, at twenty - seven, she married Thomas Moses, the hired hand of one of her employers. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. She had ten children, of whom only five survived ; her husband died in1927. Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery (刺绣) pictures as a hobby, but only changed to oils in old age because her hands had become too stiff (硬的) to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore (杂货店) and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought everything she painted. Three of the pictures exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930’s and her death she produced some 2,000 pictures: detailed and lively portrayals (描绘) of the country life she had known for so long, with a wonderful sense of colour and form. “I think really hard till I think of something really pretty, and then I paint it.” she said. 21．From Grandma Moses’ description of herself in the first paragraph, it can be inferred that she was ______. A．Independent. B．pretty. C．rich. D．nervous. 22．Grandma Moses spent most of her life ______. A．Nursing. B．painting. C．embroidering. D．farming. 23．The underlined word “survived” means ______. A．graduated from college. B．examined the condition of the house. C．lived longer than the other children. D．gave up themselves to the police. 24．According to the passage, Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to ______. A．make herself beautiful. B．keep active. C．earn more money. D．become famous. 25．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Grandma Moses: Her Life and Pictures. B．The Children of Grandma Moses. C．Grandma Moses: Her Best Exhibition. D．Grandma Moses and Other Older Artists. B （2025年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷02）The FIFA World Cup came to an end in December 2022. But the love for soccer is still very much alive and well in Zibo, Shandong Province. Zibo is called “the home of soccer ball”. It’s the birthplace of the ancient Chinese sport of cuju. In 2004, cuju won the recognition of FIFA — soccer’s governing body — as the earliest form of soccer. The Chinese character cu means to kick. Ju means an ancient type of leather ball. It has feathers (羽毛) or grain chaff (谷糠) inside. The ancient Chinese historical text Zhan Guo Ce says cuju was a form of amusement among common people. But during the Han Dynasty, soldiers played cuju for army training. During the Tang Dynasty, women played cuju at the royal court (朝廷) for the amusement of the emperors. It entered the golden age in the Song Dynasty when it became popular among every class. Yet, the 2,000-year-old game slowly got out of people’s lives during the Ming Dynasty. Li Weipeng, 34, from Linzi district of Zibo city, is a seventh-generation inheritor (传承人) of cuju. He has been practicing cuju skills for 18 years. Mastering different cuju skills is not easy. “At the beginning, I spent eight hours a day practicing juggling (颠球) a ball. It was tiring,” Li told China Daily. He now can juggle a ball with his foot over 10,000 times in a row. Teaching students cuju moves is a part of Li’s job. The traditional Chinese sport cuju is now popular at primary and middle schools in Linzi. “Students show great interest in playing cuju. It encourages me to promote the ancient sport,” Li said. 26．Why is Zibo called “the home of soccer ball”? A．Because cuju was born there. B．Because people there love soccer. C．Because there is a branch of FIFA． D．Because modern soccer began there. 27．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．The way of making cuju. B．The development of cuju. C．The value of cuju to the world. D．The popularity of cuju among the Chinese. 28．In the Ming Dynasty, cuju _______. A．was used to train soldiers B．was enjoyed by the emperors C．became popular among women D．slowly disappeared in people’s lives 29．Which of the following is true about Li Weipeng? A．He is the only inheritor of cuju. B．He thinks it easy to learn cuju skills. C．He now practises cuju eight hours a day. D．He passes down cuju skills to the younger generation. 30．What the best title for the passage? A．Zibo — a city of soccer fans B．Cuju — its yesterday and today C．Soccer — a popular sport in China D．Li Weipeng — a devoted instructor of cuju C （2022年广东省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语）George Daniels lives in London. He is a watchmaker. His work continues the tradition of the English watchmakers of the 18th and 19th centuries. Today this tradition is almost dead. Daniels is the only man in the world who designs his own watches makes all the pars himself and then puts them together. A Daniels watch is the product of his hands alone. One of his watches which is now in an American museum took 3500 hours to complete. He usually makes one watch a year. Each one is inscribed (刻) with “Daniels London” and costs about $10,000. Of course these are not ordinary watches—they are very beautiful and will last three centuries. George Daniels has always been attracted by clocks and watches. When he was five he used to take his father’s clock apart and put it back together again. At school he used to repair his teachers watches. He is now internationally famous and many people would like him to make watches for them. But most of them will be disappointed. He chooses his customers very carefully indeed. It must be someone who understands the subject,” he says “not someone who will leave the watch in the drawer and only show it to dinner quests.” 31. Who is George Daniels? A. One of the few who repaired watches in the old days. B. The only man who collects old watches in the world. C. One of the few remaining watch designers in the world. D. The only man who designs and makes watches by himself. 32. How long can a Daniels watch keep working? A. 35,000 hours. B. 300 years. C. 200 years. D. 3,500 hours. 33. Which of the following shows Daniels’ early interest in watches? A. He played with his father’s clock. B. He taught people how to repair watches. C He made a watch for an American museum. D. He made beautiful and long-lasting watches. 34. George Daniels makes watches for those who _________. A. can afford his watches B. may want to show them to others C. appreciate his watches D. enjoy his watch-making process 35 What do we know about Daniels watches? A. Only a few people like them. B. They are kept in a museum. C. Only a few people can get them. D. They have a history of over 200 years. D (2026年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语（模拟卷03））Every year, millions of birds are killed or hurt when they fly into buildings. Why does this happen? 36 Birds are flying into windows and tall buildings that are all covered by glass. Many birds fly from one place to another. Most of the time, they live in the wild, such as forests and wetlands. 37 They might see small trees and flowers inside a window and want to rest on these plants. The birds do not know there is glass between them and the plants. 38 Some birds fly at night. They use the moon and stars to help guide them in the right direction. Tall buildings with lights on at night can confuse the birds. 39 The birds see the light, but they cannot tell that the light is coming from inside a building. They fly toward the light and crash into a building. On many mornings, there might be several dead birds lying on the ground. 40 Many office buildings now turn off their lights at night. This helps reduce the number of birds that fly into buildings and it also helps save energy. A．This is a big problem, especially on foggy and rainy nights. B．People are trying to solve the problem. C．These birds have no idea what glass is. D．As a result, they fly right into the glass. E．The answer is glass. 二、完形填空 （2022年广东省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语）The king of Kamera in Africa was a proud and cruel man. His men ___41___ him and immediately carried out his orders. But one day when he was saying proudly that all men were his servants, a ___42___ old man called Boukabar criticized (批评) him, saying, “All men are ___43___ of one another.” “So I am your servant, am I?” said the king very ___44___. “Then prove it. Force me to work for you before sunset, and I will ___45___ you a hundred cows. If you ___46___, I will kill you.” “Very well,” said Boukabar. Being a very old man, he had to use a stick for ___47___. Just as he took it up and was about to go out, a beggar came to the door. “Allow me,” said Boukabar, “to give this ___48___ man something to eat.” Taking some food in both hands, Boukabar tottered (蹒跚) past the king. His stick ___49___ from under his arm and got ___50___ on his clothes, and nearly tripped (绊倒) him up. He cried to the king, “Please pick up the stick or I shall fall.” The king picked it up without thinking, and Boukabar then laughed ___51___and said, “You see all ___52___ men are servants of one another. I am serving the ___53___ and you are serving me. But I do not want the ___54___. Give them to the poor.” The king did so, and took Boukabar as his chief ___55___. 41. A. liked B. feared C. avoided D. doubted 42. A. wise B. common C. strict D. polite 43. A. rulers B. servants C. workers D. students 44. A. happily B. hurriedly C. angrily D. hopefully 45. A. find B. give C. show D. lend 46. A. argue B. finish C. fail D. agree 47. A. walking B. fighting C. talking D. climbing 48. A. funny B. clever C. brave D. poor 49. A. jumped B. rose C. fell D. appeared 50. A. broken B. hurt C. taken D. caught 51. A. merrily B. bitterly C. secretly D. openly 52. A. rich B. foolish C. old D. good 53. A. waiter B. beggar C. king D. soldier 54. A. sticks B. money C. cows D. food 55. A. advisor B. king C. cook D. designer 三、语法填空 （2022年1月广东省普通高中学业水平考试英语仿真模拟试卷A）According to data from people.cn, Chinese hanfu consumers surpassed 2 million in 2000. A recent report estimated that in 2022, China’s hanfu fans 56. (reach) 6.89 million. Minghuatang, a Guangzhou-based hanfu manufacturer, 57. (know) as the “Hermes (爱马仕) of hanfu.” Data from Minghuatang’s official website on May 17, 2021 showed that the customer service is busy 58. (handle) orders submitted, and the tailoring period has been scheduled to mid-March 2022. Apart 59. high-end markets, inexpensive hanfu are also popular. Data from Alibaba’s Taobao platform showed that hanfu 60. (price) between 100 yuan and 300 yuan took up over 60 percent of sales, while those over 500 yuan accounted for 61. (rough) 30 percent of sales. Zhang Yi, chief analyst at iiMedia Research, said during 62. interview with online fashion media that the popularization of hanfu was mainly driven by internet-savvy young people who often share their 63. (hobby) with others. Hit Chinese period dramas 64. are broadcast on TV have also accelerated the development of hanfu-related business. Hanfu has eventually become a mass fashion because it is a carrier of 65. (tradition) culture, not merely clothing. 四、应用文写作 （2026年云南省普通高中学业水平统一考试仿真模拟卷01（春季高考适用））假定你是李华，你所在学校的广播站将邀请来中国参加“汉语桥”(Chinese Bridge)的外国学生Linda到校进行访谈。请你写一封邀请函，内容要点如下: 1. 采访的时间；2. 采访的主题；3. 其他。 注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头已为你写好。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $