专题09 名词性从句（复习讲义）（江苏专用）2026年春季高考英语

专题09 名词性从句 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 知识体系构建 2 考点精析与突破 6 考点一：主语从句（重点） 7 考点二：宾语从句（常考点） 7 考点三：表语从句（常考点） 7 考点四：同位语从句（难点） 8 考点五：名词性从句连接词辨析（难点） 8 实战精练与提升 9 一、考试要求 名词性从句是江苏春季高考英语语法的核心考点之一，贯穿语法填空、以及书面表达等题型。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四大类。二轮复习需聚焦 连接词辨析、从句功能判断、与其他从句的区分三大核心，通过语境化训练突破高频易错点，实现从语法知识到语境应用的转化。考生需做到： 1. 掌握名词性从句（主语、宾语、表语、同位语从句）的基本结构与功能，能判断从句类型； 2. 熟练区分名词性从句的连接词（从属连词 that/whether/if，连接代词 what/who/which/whose，连接副词 when/where/why/how），明确其在从句中的语法作用； 3. 掌握名词性从句的特殊用法（如形式主语 it、宾语从句否定转移、表语从句中 because 的用法、同位语从句与定语从句的辨析）； 4. 能在书面表达中规范运用名词性从句，提升语言复杂度与准确性。 二、命题分析 考点 考频 考查内容 命题趋势 主语从句 5 年 4 考 形式主语 it 的句型、whether/what 引导的从句 2026 年大概率在语法填空考形式主语 it 的连接词 宾语从句 5 年 5 考 连接词省略、时态呼应、否定转移 2026 年可考察 if 与 whether 的误用 表语从句 5 年 3 考 because/as if 引导、The reason is that 结构 2026 年可能考表语从句连接词辨析 同位语从句 5 年 2 考 与定语从句的区分、常见先行词（news/fact 等） 2026 年可能在语法填空考同位语从句的 that 连接词辨析 5 年 5 考 that 的省略、what 作成分、whether 与 if 的区别 2026 年重点考查连接词在语境中的选择 名词性从句是在复合句中起名词作用的从句，分为四类： 从句类型 功能 常见位置 核心连接词 主语从句 作句子主语 句首或 it 作形式主语（句尾） that/whether/what/how/when 宾语从句 作动词 / 介词 / 形容词宾语 动词后、介词后、形容词（afraid/sure 等）后 that/whether/if/what/which 表语从句 作系动词表语 be/look/seem/remain 等系动词后 that/whether/because/as if/what 同位语从句 解释说明抽象名词 fact/news/idea/suggestion 等名词后 that/whether/what/why 知识点1、主语从句 ① 定义 在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常由连接词引导，可置于句首或用it作形式主语 ② 核心用法 1. 连接词的选择 that：无实际意义，从句不缺成分（不可省略，尤其句首） That he won the national English competition surprised all his teachers. 他赢得全国英语竞赛这件事让所有老师都很惊讶。 That we should protect the environment is common sense. 我们应该保护环境是常识。 whether：表是否，从句不缺成分（不可用 if 替换，可放句首） Whether she will attend the meeting tomorrow is still unknown. 她明天是否参加会议仍未可知。 Whether we can finish the project on time depends on our teamwork. 我们能否按时完成项目取决于团队合作。 what/which/who：在从句中作主语、宾语或表语（缺成分时用） What he said in the meeting moved everyone present. 他在会上说的话感动了在场所有人。 Who will be in charge of the activity hasn’t been decided yet. 谁来负责这项活动还没决定。 Which book we should choose for the course is up to the teacher. 我们该选哪本书作为教材由老师决定。 how/when/where/why：在从句中作状语（缺时间、地点、方式、原因时用） How the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids is a mystery. 古埃及人如何建造金字塔是个谜。 When we will have the mid-term exam is announced by the school. 我们何时进行期中考试由学校通知。 Where the new library will be built has been discussed for months. 新图书馆将建在何处已讨论了数月。 2. 形式主语 it 的常用句型 It is important that we should pay attention to our mental health. 我们关注心理健康很重要。 It is strange that he didn’t attend the important meeting. 他没参加这个重要会议，很奇怪。 It is a pity that you missed the wonderful concert last night. 你错过了昨晚精彩的音乐会，真可惜。 It is a fact that exercise can improve our physical condition. 运动能改善身体状况，这是事实。 It is reported that a new subway line will be opened next year. 据报道，一条新地铁线路将于明年开通。 It is believed that hard work leads to success. 人们相信，努力会通向成功。 知识点2、宾语从句 ① 定义 在复合句中充当宾语的从句，可作动词、介词或形容词的宾语。 ② 核心用法 1. 连接词的选择与省略 that：无实际意义，从句不缺成分（动词后可省略，介词 / 形容词后不可省略） She told me (that) she would study abroad next year. 她告诉我她明年要出国留学。 We are talking about whether that plan is feasible. 我们在讨论那个计划是否可行。 I am sure that he will keep his promise. 我确信他会信守承诺。 whether/if：表是否，从句不缺成分（动词后可互换，介词后面以及whether or not 结构中只能用 whether） 动词后：I don’t know if/whether he has received my email. 我不知道他是否收到了我的邮件。 介词后：It depends on whether we can get enough funding. 这取决于我们能否获得足够的资金。 whether or not：He hasn’t decided whether or not he will accept the job offer. 他还没决定是否接受这份工作邀请。 what/which/who/whose：从句中作主语、宾语或定语（缺成分时用） She asked me what I wanted for my birthday. 她问我生日想要什么。 The teacher explained which answer was correct. 老师解释了哪个答案是正确的。 Do you know whose bag was left in the classroom? 你知道谁的包落在教室里了吗？ how/when/where/why：从句中作状语（缺状语时用） He showed me how to operate the new machine. 他教我如何操作这台新机器。 I can’t remember when we first met each other. 我不记得我们第一次见面是什么时候了。 2. 时态呼应规则 主句为现在时或将来时（一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般将来时），从句可根据实际语境用任意时态。 He says he has visited Beijing twice. 他说他去过北京两次。 I will tell him that we are having a party this weekend. 我会告诉他我们这周末要举办派对。 主句为过去时（一般过去时、过去进行时），从句需用相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时）。 She said she would go to the supermarket after work. 她说她下班后要去超市。 He told me that he had finished his homework before dinner. 他告诉我他晚饭前就完成作业了。 3. 否定转移 当主句谓语为 think/believe/suppose/expect/imagine 等动词，且主语为第一人称时，否定词需转移到主句。 I don’t think he is right. We don’t believe they will come. 知识点3、表语从句 ① 定义 在复合句中充当表语的从句，位于系动词后。 ② 核心用法 1. 常用连接词 that：无实际意义，从句不缺成分（一般不可省略）。 The biggest problem is that we don’t have enough time to prepare. 最大的问题是我们没有足够的时间准备。 My hope is that all students can get good grades in the exam. 我的愿望是所有学生都能在考试中取得好成绩。 whether：表是否，从句不缺成分（不可用 if 替换）。 The question is whether we can get support from the government. 问题是我们能否得到政府的支持。 The key is whether he is willing to cooperate with us 关键在于他是否愿意和我们合作。 because：表原因，对应主句的 reason（不可与 The reason is... 连用）。 He is late for school. It is because he missed the early bus. 他上学迟到了，是因为他错过了早班车。 I am angry not because you made a mistake, but because you lied to me. 我生气不是因为你犯了错，而是因为你骗了我。 as if/as though：表好像，似乎，可接陈述语气（真实）或虚拟语气（非真实） It looks as if it is going to rain. 天看起来好像要下雨了。 She talks as if she knew everything. 她说话的样子好像什么都知道。 what/how/when/where/why：从句中作成分缺主宾表用 what，缺状语用 how/when/where/why） What he needs is a good rest. 他需要的是好好休息。 That’s how he solved the difficult math problem. 那就是他解决这道数学难题的方法。 This is where we used to play when we were children. 这就是我们小时候常玩的地方。 2. 特殊结构：The reason is that... The reason why he failed the exam is that he didn’t study hard. 知识点4、同位语从句 ① 定义 在复合句中充当同位语的从句，对抽象名词进行解释说明。 ② 核心用法 1. 常见抽象名词与连接词 The news that our team won the championship made us excited. 我们队赢得冠军的消息让我们很兴奋。 I have no doubt that he will pass the driving test. 我毫不怀疑他会通过驾照考试。 The suggestion that we should hold a charity sale is worth considering. 我们应该举办一场义卖的建议值得考虑。 He put forward a question about whether the plan was practical. 他提出了一个问题：这个计划是否可行。 I have no idea what he is going to do next. 我不知道他接下来要做什么。 2. 同位语从句与定语从句的区分 对比维度 同位语从句 定语从句 逻辑关系 与先行词是 “等同关系”（解释内容） 与先行词是 “修饰关系”（限定范围） 连接词 that 无意义，不充当成分，不可省略 指代先行词，充当主宾表，可省略 从句是否完整 完整（不缺成分） 不完整（缺主宾表，需 that 补充） 同位语从句：The fact that the earth revolves around the sun is true. 定语从句：The fact that he told me yesterday is true. · 考点一：主语从句 · 考点解读 高频考查形式主语 it 的句型（如 It is important that...）、whether 与 what 的辨析。 It is necessary that we should practice speaking English every day. Whether he can join the club depends on his ability. What she did for the community won her great respect. 例题 ______ is clear to everyone is ______ we must take action to reduce pollution. 【巩固训练1】It is a shame ______ you didn’t attend the lecture by the famous professor. 【巩固训练2】______ he will come to the party or not is not important. 【巩固训练3】______ we need most now is more time to finish the task. · 考点二：宾语从句 · 考点解读 高频考查 whether与if的区别、that的省略规则、时态呼应。 I wonder if/whether I can borrow your dictionary. We are talking about whether we should change the plan. He said (that) he had visited the Great Wall twice. 例题 She asked me ______ I had seen her keys anywhere. 【巩固训练1】My parents are worried about ______ I can adapt to college life. 【巩固训练2】He told me that he ______（finish）his homework by 9 o’clock last night. · 考点三：表语从句 · 考点解读 高频考查 because 引导表语从句、The reason is that... 结构、as if 的语气，常出现在单选和语法填空。 He is in a bad mood. That is because he argued with his best friend. The reason why she cried is that she lost her favorite toy. It seems as if she has cried for a long time. 例题 The reason why he didn’t go to school yesterday is ______ he was ill. 【巩固训练1】That’s ______ I disagree with you. I think your plan is not practical. 【巩固训练2】It looks as if it ______(snow). Let’s take an umbrella. 【巩固训练3】The reason why the project was delayed is ______ we didn’t get enough funding. · 考点四：同位语从句 · 考点解读 高频考查同位语从句与定语从句的辨析（连接词 that 的作用、从句是否完整） 同位语从句：We heard the news that our school won the football match. 定语从句：We heard the news that he told his classmates. 例题 We have received the message ______ the meeting will be put off until next week. 【巩固训练1】The fact ______ he told us yesterday is very important. 【巩固训练2】The fact ______ the earth is round is known to everyone. 【巩固训练3】Do you have any idea ______ he will come back? · 考点五：名词性从句连接词辨析 · 考点解读 高频考查三个连接词的核心区别：that无意义不缺成分，what缺主宾表，whether表是否。 连接词 语法作用 适用场景 例句 that 无意义，不充当成分 从句完整，无 “是否” 含义 I know that he is a good student. what 有意义（什么 /…… 的东西），充当主宾表 从句缺主宾表 I don’t know what he wants. whether 有意义（是否），不充当成分 从句完整，需表 “是否” I don’t know whether he will come. 例题 ______ he said at the meeting made everyone laugh. 【巩固训练1】I am not sure ______ I can finish the work on time. 【巩固训练2】The fact ______ the earth is round is known to everyone. 一、单句语法填空 1. Jia once explained on her Weibo account: “The film is not related to weight loss and even has very little connection with boxing. It tells a kind person finds herself and learns to love herself.” 2. Standards of beauty in the media can have a big influence on you think of your physical appearance. 3. So many of us have the belief being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, . . . 4. I told him I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. 5. Indoor plants might look as they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.   6. I still can’t believe a coincidence it was. 7. the lifestyle is slower and healthier is the reason why some people prefer to live in the country rather than in the city. 8. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered warm-hearted Italians are. 9. That is when I wind up my watch, it starts, but when I wind up this passage, it ends. 10. But then I figured I'd better just go all out and see happens. 11. I hide by my language, my body utters. 12. The reason why we were late for the conference was our connecting flight got canceled. 13. People with concerns over artificial intelligence are wondering computers could think. 14. It is well-known the Chinese invented the compass. 15. he said didn’t make sense to me. 16. The advisor explained students need for a smooth transition to high school life. 17. People used to hold the belief the earth was the center of the universe. 18. It is amazing the project could be completed in such a short time. 19. The new teaching method is quite different from we used before. 20. The reason he gave for his not coming to the party was his car broke down halfway. 二、根据汉语提示填空 1. The news is true. 我通过了考试的消息是真的。 2. He didn't tell me . 他没告诉我什么时候我们再见面。 3. most is . 最令我们担忧的是谁泄露了秘密。 4. you have missed the wonderful lecture. 你错过了这么精彩的演讲真遗憾。 5. I’m interested in .   我对你是否完成了这项工作感兴趣。 6. , I don’t agree that they cannot be solved. 尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题不能被解决。 7. I wonder （你能否告诉我） what books I need to read and the requirements of my homework. 8. is that the little girl knows so many things. 令他惊讶的是，这个小女孩知道这么多事情。 9. I only he in a western country, but I what country he in. 我只知道他当时在一个西方国家学习，可不知道是哪个国家。 10. Put more simply, while people continue to argue over or not fatty food is dangerous, we already know that sugar is a killer. 更简单地说，当人们继续争论高脂肪食物是否危险时，我们已经知道糖是杀手。 三、真题演练 1.（2024全国甲卷）How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ________ is now northwestern Wyoming. 2.（2021新高考I卷）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. ________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenery. 3.（2025北京卷）When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone scared. The truth, though, is ________ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 4.（2024浙江1月卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo customers out of pocket and disappointed. 5.（2022年北京卷） It’s easy to explain how we determine ________ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. 7 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09 名词性从句 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 知识体系构建 2 考点精析与突破 7 考点一：主语从句（重点） 7 考点二：宾语从句（常考点） 7 考点三：表语从句（常考点） 8 考点四：同位语从句（难点） 9 考点五：名词性从句连接词辨析（难点） 9 实战精练与提升 10 一、考试要求 名词性从句是江苏春季高考英语语法的核心考点之一，贯穿语法填空、以及书面表达等题型。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四大类。二轮复习需聚焦 连接词辨析、从句功能判断、与其他从句的区分三大核心，通过语境化训练突破高频易错点，实现从语法知识到语境应用的转化。考生需做到： 1. 掌握名词性从句（主语、宾语、表语、同位语从句）的基本结构与功能，能判断从句类型； 2. 熟练区分名词性从句的连接词（从属连词 that/whether/if，连接代词 what/who/which/whose，连接副词 when/where/why/how），明确其在从句中的语法作用； 3. 掌握名词性从句的特殊用法（如形式主语 it、宾语从句否定转移、表语从句中 because 的用法、同位语从句与定语从句的辨析）； 4. 能在书面表达中规范运用名词性从句，提升语言复杂度与准确性。 二、命题分析 考点 考频 考查内容 命题趋势 主语从句 5 年 4 考 形式主语 it 的句型、whether/what 引导的从句 2026 年大概率在语法填空考形式主语 it 的连接词 宾语从句 5 年 5 考 连接词省略、时态呼应、否定转移 2026 年可考察 if 与 whether 的误用 表语从句 5 年 3 考 because/as if 引导、The reason is that 结构 2026 年可能考表语从句连接词辨析 同位语从句 5 年 2 考 与定语从句的区分、常见先行词（news/fact 等） 2026 年可能在语法填空考同位语从句的 that 连接词辨析 5 年 5 考 that 的省略、what 作成分、whether 与 if 的区别 2026 年重点考查连接词在语境中的选择 名词性从句是在复合句中起名词作用的从句，分为四类： 从句类型 功能 常见位置 核心连接词 主语从句 作句子主语 句首或 it 作形式主语（句尾） that/whether/what/how/when 宾语从句 作动词 / 介词 / 形容词宾语 动词后、介词后、形容词（afraid/sure 等）后 that/whether/if/what/which 表语从句 作系动词表语 be/look/seem/remain 等系动词后 that/whether/because/as if/what 同位语从句 解释说明抽象名词 fact/news/idea/suggestion 等名词后 that/whether/what/why 知识点1、主语从句 ① 定义 在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常由连接词引导，可置于句首或用it作形式主语 ② 核心用法 1. 连接词的选择 that：无实际意义，从句不缺成分（不可省略，尤其句首） That he won the national English competition surprised all his teachers. 他赢得全国英语竞赛这件事让所有老师都很惊讶。 That we should protect the environment is common sense. 我们应该保护环境是常识。 whether：表是否，从句不缺成分（不可用 if 替换，可放句首） Whether she will attend the meeting tomorrow is still unknown. 她明天是否参加会议仍未可知。 Whether we can finish the project on time depends on our teamwork. 我们能否按时完成项目取决于团队合作。 what/which/who：在从句中作主语、宾语或表语（缺成分时用） What he said in the meeting moved everyone present. 他在会上说的话感动了在场所有人。 Who will be in charge of the activity hasn’t been decided yet. 谁来负责这项活动还没决定。 Which book we should choose for the course is up to the teacher. 我们该选哪本书作为教材由老师决定。 how/when/where/why：在从句中作状语（缺时间、地点、方式、原因时用） How the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids is a mystery. 古埃及人如何建造金字塔是个谜。 When we will have the mid-term exam is announced by the school. 我们何时进行期中考试由学校通知。 Where the new library will be built has been discussed for months. 新图书馆将建在何处已讨论了数月。 2. 形式主语 it 的常用句型 为避免头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语，将主语从句置于句尾。 It is + 形容词 + that 从句 It is important that we should pay attention to our mental health. 我们关注心理健康很重要。 It is strange that he didn’t attend the important meeting. 他没参加这个重要会议，很奇怪。 It is + 名词 + that 从句 It is a pity that you missed the wonderful concert last night. 你错过了昨晚精彩的音乐会，真可惜。 It is a fact that exercise can improve our physical condition. 运动能改善身体状况，这是事实。 It is + 过去分词 + that 从句 It is reported that a new subway line will be opened next year. 据报道，一条新地铁线路将于明年开通。 It is believed that hard work leads to success. 人们相信，努力会通向成功。 知识点2、宾语从句 ① 定义 在复合句中充当宾语的从句，可作动词、介词或形容词的宾语。 ② 核心用法 1. 连接词的选择与省略 that：无实际意义，从句不缺成分（动词后可省略，介词 / 形容词后不可省略） She told me (that) she would study abroad next year. 她告诉我她明年要出国留学。 We are talking about whether that plan is feasible. 我们在讨论那个计划是否可行。 I am sure that he will keep his promise. 我确信他会信守承诺。 whether/if：表是否，从句不缺成分（动词后可互换，介词后面以及whether or not 结构中只能用 whether） 动词后：I don’t know if/whether he has received my email. 我不知道他是否收到了我的邮件。 介词后：It depends on whether we can get enough funding. 这取决于我们能否获得足够的资金。 whether or not：He hasn’t decided whether or not he will accept the job offer. 他还没决定是否接受这份工作邀请。 what/which/who/whose：从句中作主语、宾语或定语（缺成分时用） She asked me what I wanted for my birthday. 她问我生日想要什么。 The teacher explained which answer was correct. 老师解释了哪个答案是正确的。 Do you know whose bag was left in the classroom? 你知道谁的包落在教室里了吗？ how/when/where/why：从句中作状语（缺状语时用） He showed me how to operate the new machine. 他教我如何操作这台新机器。 I can’t remember when we first met each other. 我不记得我们第一次见面是什么时候了。 2. 时态呼应规则 主句为现在时或将来时（一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般将来时），从句可根据实际语境用任意时态。 He says he has visited Beijing twice. 他说他去过北京两次。 I will tell him that we are having a party this weekend. 我会告诉他我们这周末要举办派对。 主句为过去时（一般过去时、过去进行时），从句需用相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时）。 She said she would go to the supermarket after work. 她说她下班后要去超市。 He told me that he had finished his homework before dinner. 他告诉我他晚饭前就完成作业了。 3. 否定转移 当主句谓语为 think/believe/suppose/expect/imagine 等动词，且主语为第一人称时，否定词需转移到主句。 I don’t think he is right. We don’t believe they will come. 知识点3、表语从句 ① 定义 在复合句中充当表语的从句，位于系动词后。 ② 核心用法 1. 常用连接词 that：无实际意义，从句不缺成分（一般不可省略）。 The biggest problem is that we don’t have enough time to prepare. 最大的问题是我们没有足够的时间准备。 My hope is that all students can get good grades in the exam. 我的愿望是所有学生都能在考试中取得好成绩。 whether：表是否，从句不缺成分（不可用 if 替换）。 The question is whether we can get support from the government. 问题是我们能否得到政府的支持。 The key is whether he is willing to cooperate with us 关键在于他是否愿意和我们合作。 because：表原因，对应主句的 reason（不可与 The reason is... 连用）。 He is late for school. It is because he missed the early bus. 他上学迟到了，是因为他错过了早班车。 I am angry not because you made a mistake, but because you lied to me. 我生气不是因为你犯了错，而是因为你骗了我。 as if/as though：表好像，似乎，可接陈述语气（真实）或虚拟语气（非真实） It looks as if it is going to rain. 天看起来好像要下雨了。 She talks as if she knew everything. 她说话的样子好像什么都知道。 what/how/when/where/why：从句中作成分缺主宾表用 what，缺状语用 how/when/where/why） What he needs is a good rest. 他需要的是好好休息。 That’s how he solved the difficult math problem. 那就是他解决这道数学难题的方法。 This is where we used to play when we were children. 这就是我们小时候常玩的地方。 2. 特殊结构：The reason is that... reason 后接表语从句时，必须用 that 引导。 The reason why he failed the exam is that he didn’t study hard. 知识点4、同位语从句 ① 定义 在复合句中充当同位语的从句，对抽象名词进行解释说明。 ② 核心用法 1. 常见抽象名词与连接词 先行词：fact、news、idea、suggestion、thought、doubt、promise等抽象名词。 连接词：that（最常用，无义不缺成分）、whether（表是否）、what/why/how（缺成分时用）。 The news that our team won the championship made us excited. 我们队赢得冠军的消息让我们很兴奋。 I have no doubt that he will pass the driving test. 我毫不怀疑他会通过驾照考试。 The suggestion that we should hold a charity sale is worth considering. 我们应该举办一场义卖的建议值得考虑。 He put forward a question about whether the plan was practical. 他提出了一个问题：这个计划是否可行。 I have no idea what he is going to do next. 我不知道他接下来要做什么。 2. 同位语从句与定语从句的区分 对比维度 同位语从句 定语从句 逻辑关系 与先行词是 “等同关系”（解释内容） 与先行词是 “修饰关系”（限定范围） 连接词 that 无意义，不充当成分，不可省略 指代先行词，充当主宾表，可省略 从句是否完整 完整（不缺成分） 不完整（缺主宾表，需 that 补充） 同位语从句：The fact that the earth revolves around the sun is true. 定语从句：The fact that he told me yesterday is true. · 考点一：主语从句 · 考点解读 高频考查形式主语 it 的句型（如 It is important that...）、whether 与 what 的辨析。 It is necessary that we should practice speaking English every day. Whether he can join the club depends on his ability. What she did for the community won her great respect. 例题 ______ is clear to everyone is ______ we must take action to reduce pollution. 【答案】What; that 【解析】第一空引导主语从句，从句中缺主语，故用what；第二空 that 引导表语从句，不缺成分无意义。 【巩固训练1】It is a shame ______ you didn’t attend the lecture by the famous professor. 【答案】that 【解析】it 作形式主语，从句不缺成分无意义，用that。 【巩固训练2】______ he will come to the party or not is not important. 【答案】Whether 【解析】表是否，且与or not连用，只能用 whether，不可用if。 【巩固训练3】______ we need most now is more time to finish the task. 【答案】What 【解析】主语从句中缺宾语，用what。 · 考点二：宾语从句 · 考点解读 高频考查 whether与if的区别、that的省略规则、时态呼应。 I wonder if/whether I can borrow your dictionary. We are talking about whether we should change the plan. He said (that) he had visited the Great Wall twice. 例题 She asked me ______ I had seen her keys anywhere. 【答案】if/whether 【解析】动词asked后表是否，if 与whether可互换。 【巩固训练1】My parents are worried about ______ I can adapt to college life. 【答案】whether 【解析】介词about后表是否，只能用whether。 【巩固训练2】He told me that he ______（finish）his homework by 9 o’clock last night. 【答案】had finished 【解析】主句told是过去时，从句中by 9 o’clock last night，用过去完成时。 · 考点三：表语从句 · 考点解读 高频考查 because 引导表语从句、The reason is that... 结构、as if 的语气，常出现在单选和语法填空。 He is in a bad mood. That is because he argued with his best friend. The reason why she cried is that she lost her favorite toy. It seems as if she has cried for a long time. 例题 The reason why he didn’t go to school yesterday is ______ he was ill. 【答案】that 【解析】reason 后接表语从句必须用 that 引导，不可用 because。 【巩固训练1】That’s ______ I disagree with you. I think your plan is not practical. 【答案】why 【解析】表示原因，从句结构完整，用 why；because表示因为，需接原因内容，此处不适用。 【巩固训练2】It looks as if it ______(snow). Let’s take an umbrella. 【答案】will snow 【解析】as if 接陈述语气（真实情况，天看起来要下雪），用一般将来时。 【巩固训练3】The reason why the project was delayed is ______ we didn’t get enough funding. 【答案】that 【解析】The reason why ... is that ... 是固定结构，不可用 because。 · 考点四：同位语从句 · 考点解读 高频考查同位语从句与定语从句的辨析（连接词 that 的作用、从句是否完整） 同位语从句：We heard the news that our school won the football match. 从句完整，that无意义不充当成分，解释抽象名词news。 定语从句：We heard the news that he told his classmates. 从句缺宾语，that 指代 news 作 told 的宾语，修饰抽象名词news。 例题 We have received the message ______ the meeting will be put off until next week. 【答案】that 【解析】从句the meeting will be put off until next week句意和结构完整，解释抽象名词message的内容，是同位语从句，用that引导。 【巩固训练1】The fact ______ he told us yesterday is very important. 【答案】that 【解析】从句缺宾语（he told us sth），that指代fact作told的宾语，是定语从句。 【巩固训练2】The fact ______ the earth is round is known to everyone. 【答案】that 【解析】从句完整（the earth is round），解释fact的内容，是同位语从句，用 that。 【巩固训练3】Do you have any idea ______ he will come back? 【答案】when 【解析】根据从句句意，需要表达他什么时候回来，用when引导同位语从句。 · 考点五：名词性从句连接词辨析 · 考点解读 高频考查三个连接词的核心区别：that无意义不缺成分，what缺主宾表，whether表是否。 连接词 语法作用 适用场景 例句 that 无意义，不充当成分 从句完整，无 “是否” 含义 I know that he is a good student. what 有意义（什么 /…… 的东西），充当主宾表 从句缺主宾表 I don’t know what he wants. whether 有意义（是否），不充当成分 从句完整，需表 “是否” I don’t know whether he will come. 例题 ______ he said at the meeting made everyone laugh. 【答案】What 【解析】从句缺主语，用 what。 【巩固训练1】I am not sure ______ I can finish the work on time. 【答案】whether 【解析】从句完整，表示是否，用 whether，不可用 if，因sure是形容词，后接宾语从句表是否用 whether。 【巩固训练2】The fact ______ the earth is round is known to everyone. 【答案】that 【解析】从句完整，无义，用 that。 一、单句语法填空 1. Jia once explained on her Weibo account: “The film is not related to weight loss and even has very little connection with boxing. It tells a kind person finds herself and learns to love herself.” 【答案】how 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：贾玲曾在微博上解释说：“这部电影与减肥无关，甚至与拳击也没有什么关系。它讲述了一个善良的人如何发现自己，学会爱自己。”分析句子可知，设空格处引导宾语从句，作动词“tells”的宾语。从句中主谓宾结构完整，结合句意“它讲述了一个善良的人如何找到自我并学会爱自己”，可知此处需表达“如何”，应用连接词副词“how”。故填 how。 2. Standards of beauty in the media can have a big influence on you think of your physical appearance. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：r媒体的审美标准会对你对自己外表的看法产生很大的影响。分析句子可知，句子为宾语从句，空格处单词引导从句，作think的宾语，连接词为what。故填what。 3. So many of us have the belief being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, . . . 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：我们中的许多人都相信舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，……空处连接同位语从句，对名词belief进行解释，从句中不缺少成分，不缺少意义，用that连接，故填that。 4. I told him I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. 【答案】where 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我告诉他我要去的地方，但他却说他没听说过那个公交站。引导宾语从句，从句不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意，该句中缺少地点状语。故填where。 5. Indoor plants might look as they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.   【答案】if/though 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：室内植物可能看起来好像只是无所事事，但在许多方面，它们是家庭的无名英雄。由“but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home”可知，句子表示“室内植物可能看起来好像只是无所事事，但在许多方面，它们是家庭的无名英雄”，as if/though意为“好像”，引导表语从句，因此空格处是if/though。故填if/though。 6. I still can’t believe a coincidence it was. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我仍然不敢相信那是多么巧合的一件事。句中believe后接宾语从句，该从句本质是感叹句，语法上，修饰名词时需用连接词what，构成 “what + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语”的结构（即 what a coincidence it was），形容词可以省略。故填what。 7. the lifestyle is slower and healthier is the reason why some people prefer to live in the country rather than in the city. 【答案】That 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：生活方式更慢且更健康，这就是一些人宁愿住在乡下而不是城市的原因。此处为连接词引导的主语从句，该从句结构完整、语义明确，不缺少成分，需用that引导主语从句，that在从句中无实际意义，仅起连接作用，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填That。 8. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered warm-hearted Italians are. 【答案】how 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：在意大利定居后，我发现意大利人是多么热心肠。句中“discovered” 后接宾语从句，该从句本质是感叹句。感叹句修饰形容词 warm-hearted时，需用连接词 how，构成 “how + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语” 的结构。故填how。 9. That is when I wind up my watch, it starts, but when I wind up this passage, it ends. 【答案】why 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这也是为什么当我给手表上（紧）发条（wind up）时，它开始走，但是当我结束（wind up）这篇文章，它就到尾了。空处引导表语从句，结合句意可知，此处需要“为什么”之意，因此用连接副词why作连接词。故填why。 10. But then I figured I'd better just go all out and see happens. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：但后来我想，我最好还是全力以赴，看看会发生什么。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“会发生的事情”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 11. I hide by my language, my body utters. 【答案】What 【解析】考查连接词。句意：我用语言隐藏的，我的身体会说出来。后半句“my body utters”缺少宾语从句，宾语放在句首，表示强调，从句缺少hide的宾语，用连接词what。故首字母大写。填What。 12. The reason why we were late for the conference was our connecting flight got canceled. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：我们开会迟到的原因是转机航班取消了。空处引导一个表语从句，用于解释主语The reason的具体内容，且从句中不缺少任何成分，句意完整，所以空处应用无实际意义、只起连接作用的that来引导该表语从句。故填that。 13. People with concerns over artificial intelligence are wondering computers could think. 【答案】whether/if 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：对人工智能感到担忧的人们想知道计算机是否能够思考。“ computers could think”是宾语从句，根据句意，人们对计算机是否能思考感到疑惑，所以用连词whether或if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。故填whether/if。 14. It is well-known the Chinese invented the compass. 【答案】that 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，中国人发明了指南针。此处It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，that在从句中不作任何语法成分，只起连接作用。故填that。 15. he said didn’t make sense to me. 【答案】What 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：他说的话对我来说毫无意义。空处引导主语从句，在从句中作said的宾语，应用what引导从句。同时该空置于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 16. The advisor explained students need for a smooth transition to high school life. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：指导老师解释了学生顺利过渡到高中生活所需要的东西。分析句子结构可知，本句为宾语从句。从句动词need缺少宾语，表示“……的东西”，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。 17. People used to hold the belief the earth was the center of the universe. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：人们过去常常持有这样的信念——地球是宇宙的中心。“the earth was the center of the universe”是对名词“belief”的具体内容的解释说明，是一个同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，应用连词that引导。故填that。 18. It is amazing the project could be completed in such a short time. 【答案】that 【解析】考查固定句型。句意：令人惊讶的是，这个项目竟然能在如此短的时间内完成。此处为句型it be adj. that句型，it为形式主语，真正的主语是that从句，所以that引导主语从句。故填that。 19. The new teaching method is quite different from we used before. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：这种新的教学方法与我们以前所用的方法大不相同。空处引导宾语从句，从句谓语动词used后缺少宾语，表示具体的内容，用连接代词what引导。故填what。 20. The reason he gave for his not coming to the party was his car broke down halfway. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：他解释说没来参加聚会的原因是他的车半路上抛锚了。根据句子结构可知，设空处引导表语从句，从句成分完整，上下文表示确定的信息，应用连接词that引导该从句。故填that。 二、根据汉语提示填空 1. The news is true. 我通过了考试的消息是真的。 【答案】that I have passed the exam 【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句意，“我通过了考试”是对“the news”的具体解释说明，需用同位语从句，“我通过了考试”中，“通过考试”译为“pass the exam”，结合语境“消息是真的”，“通过考试”这一动作对现在有影响，用现在完成时，所以谓语动词为“have passed”，表示“考试”为the exam作宾语，主语为“I”，从句中不缺成分，且句意完整，所以此处使用连接词that引导该同位语从句。故填that I have passed the exam。 2. He didn't tell me . 他没告诉我什么时候我们再见面。 【答案】when we would meet again 【解析】考查宾语从句和时态。根据句意可知，空处应用when连接的宾语从句作tell的宾语，我们再见面表达为“we will meet again”，主句是一般过去时，从句也应用相应的过去时，所以把will变为would，构成过去将来时，故填when we would meet again。 3. most is . 最令我们担忧的是谁泄露了秘密。 【答案】What worries us; who let out the secret 【解析】考查主语从句和表语从句。根据句意，第一空需补充“最令我们担忧的”，在句中作主语，需用主语从句；“令某人担忧”用worry sb.，“我们”用宾格“us”，主语从句中缺少主语，指事情，所以此处由“what”引导，位于句首，首字母需大写，句子描述客观情况用一般现在时，“what”视为单数，谓语动词“worry”用第三人称单数“worries”，所以第一空为What worries us。第二空需补充“谁泄漏了秘密”，在句中作表语，需用表语从句，“泄露秘密”用固定短语“let out the secret”，“泄露秘密”是已发生的动作，用一般过去时“let out”，从句中缺少主语，且指人，使用连接代词who引导表语从句，所以第二空填who let out the secret。故填①What worries us②who let out the secret。 4. you have missed the wonderful lecture. 你错过了这么精彩的演讲真遗憾。 【答案】It is a pity that 【解析】考查主语从句。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“……真遗憾”，是固定句型It is a pity that...，其中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填It is a pity that。 5. I’m interested in .   我对你是否完成了这项工作感兴趣。 【答案】whether you’ve finished the work 【解析】考查宾语从句和时态。“对……感兴趣”是be interested in，in为介词，后接宾语从句，“是否”用whether引导宾语从句，“完成工作”表达为finish the work，根据语境，强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时have finished。故填whether you’ve finished the work。 6. , I don’t agree that they cannot be solved. 尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题不能被解决。 【答案】Although/Though/While I admit that there are problems 【解析】考查状语从句和宾语从句。表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，用although、though或while；主语为I；表示“承认”用动词admit，后跟宾语从句，从句不缺少成分和句意，故用that；表示“有问题存在”用there be句型，翻译为there are problems。根据后文don’t 可知为一般现在时。故填Although/Though/While I admit that there are problems。 7. I wonder （你能否告诉我） what books I need to read and the requirements of my homework. 【答案】if you could tell me/whether you could tell me 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我想知道你能否告诉我，我需要读哪些书以及作业要求是什么。句中 wonder 后接宾语从句。“是否”为if/whether；“你”为you ；“告诉我”为could tell me。故填if/whether you could tell me。 8. is that the little girl knows so many things. 令他惊讶的是，这个小女孩知道这么多事情。 【答案】What surprises him 【解析】考查主语从句。what既作从句连接词，又在从句中充当主语，且这里时态与后文保持一致用一般现在时，主语为what，谓语动词应用三单形式surprises，且句首时首字母应大写。故填What surprises him。 9. I only he in a western country, but I what country he in. 我只知道他当时在一个西方国家学习，可不知道是哪个国家。 【答案】knew; was studying; didn’t know; was 【解析】考查宾语从句及时态。 第一空为谓语动词，根据句意可知，陈述过去的事情，为一般过去时，“知道”为“know”，其过去式是“knew”，故填“knew”。第二空为宾语从句的谓语部分，根据“他当时在一个西方国家学习”可知，应用过去进行时，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作和处于的状态，其结构是“was/were + 动词的现在分词”，主语“he”是第三人称单数，be动词用“was”，“学习”是动词“study”，其现在分词是“studying”，故填“was studying”。第三空为谓语动词，根据句意可知，用一般过去时的否定形式，“知道”是“know”，所以填“didn’t know”。第四空为宾语从句的谓语部分，表示“他在哪个国家”，描述过去的状态，用一般过去时，主语“he”是第三人称单数，“是”用“was”，故填“was”。故答案依次为：①knew；②was studying；③didn’t know；④was。 10. Put more simply, while people continue to argue over or not fatty food is dangerous, we already know that sugar is a killer. 更简单地说，当人们继续争论高脂肪食物是否危险时，我们已经知道糖是杀手。 【答案】whether 【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“是否”，位于介词over之后，空格处引导宾语从句，同时与后面的“or not”构成固定搭配“whether...or not（是否）”。故填whether。 三、真题演练 1.（2024全国甲卷）How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ________ is now northwestern Wyoming. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 2.（2021新高考I卷）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. ________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenery. 【答案】what 【解析】考查名词性从句。分析题目，空格处无提示词。分子句子结构可知，_____ is so breathtaking about the experience 作is的主语，为主语从句。从句中缺少主语，指代事情；且空格位于句首。故填What。 3.（2025北京卷）When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone scared. The truth, though, is ________ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句引导词。句意：不过，真相正如所料 —— 这里从来没有其他人。“is”后接表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用what引导，what在从句中作主语，意为“…… 的事情”。故填what。 4.（2024浙江1月卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo customers out of pocket and disappointed. 【答案】what 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 5.（2022年北京卷） It’s easy to explain how we determine ________ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的：我们学习到的。分析句子结构可知，空格前的determine为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not可知，此处考查whether…or not的搭配。故填whether。 7 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $