专题12 特殊句式(复习讲义)(江苏专用)2026年春季高考英语

2025-11-11
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专题12 特殊句式 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 知识体系构建 2 考点精析与突破 3 考点一:强调句(常考点) 3 考点二:倒装句(难点) 4 考点三:省略句(重点) 6 考点四:感叹句(常考点) 6 考点五:祈使句(重点) 7 考点六:there be句型(常考点) 8 实战精练与提升 9 一、考试要求 特殊句式是江苏春季高考英语语法的核心模块之一,涵盖强调句、倒装句、省略句、感叹句、祈使句、there be 句型及it的特殊用法七大核心考点。其考查特点是语境化渗透与结构辨析并重,贯穿语法填空、完形填空及书面表达三大题型。二轮复习需突破强调句与从句混淆、倒装触发条件判断、省略逻辑主语一致等易错点,通过结构识别+语境匹配的逻辑,实现从语法规则记忆到解题能力迁移的提升,同时借助特殊句式优化书面表达的句式多样性。考生应做到: 1. 掌握特殊句式的核心结构(强调句、倒装句、省略句等),能快速识别句式类型; 2. 熟练运用特殊句式的基本用法(如强调句的 that/who 选择、倒装的触发条件、省略的逻辑主语一致); 3. 区分易混句式(如强调句与定语从句、完全倒装与部分倒装、it 作形式主语与强调句); 4. 能在书面表达中规范运用特殊句式,提升句子复杂度与表达亮点。 2、 命题分析 考点 考频(近 5 年) 考查内容 命题趋势 强调句 5 年 4 考 基本结构、not until 强调、特殊疑问句强调 2026年大概率在考 that/who 的选择 倒装句 5 年 5 考 部分倒装(否定词前置、only + 状语)、完全倒装(地点副词前置) 2026年可能考倒装遗漏助动词 省略句 5 年 3 考 状语从句省略、不定式省略、if 省略结构 2026年可能考过去分词省略 感叹句 5 年 1 考 what 与 how 的辨析、形容词 + 可数名词单数结构 2026 年可能考what/how 的转换 祈使句 5 年 2 考 肯定 / 否定形式、祈使句 + and/or + 简单句 2026年可能考强调形式 there be 句型 5 年 3 考 时态变化、主谓一致、替代词(live/stand) 2026年可能考主谓一致 句式类型 核心功能 典型结构 高频考点 强调句 突出句子某一成分 It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who... not until 强调、特殊疑问句强调 倒装句 强调地点 /否定意义 /平衡结构 完全倒装:地点副词 / 表语前置;部分倒装:否定词 /only + 状语前置 部分倒装的触发条件、主谓一致 省略句 避免重复、简洁表达 状语从句省略(主从句主语一致 + be 动词)、不定式省略 to 省略的逻辑主语一致 感叹句 表达强烈情感 what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主谓;how+adj./adv.+ 主谓 what与 how的辨析 祈使句 发出命令 / 请求 / 建议 动词原形开头、Don’t + 动词原形、Do +动词原形(强调) 祈使句+ and/or 结构、反意疑问句 there be 句型 表示存在 There be/live/stand/lie +主语 + 地点状语 主谓一致、时态变化、固定句型 it 的特殊用法 形式主语 / 宾语、 时间表达、强调 It is + adj./n. + to do/that 从句; It is + 时间段+ since/before... 形式主语与强调句的区分 · 考点一:强调句 · 核心知识点梳理 一、定义与核心结构 强调句的本质是突出句子某一成分,核心结构为 It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who + 其他成分(被强调部分为人时可用who,其余情况用that)。 二、核心用法 1. 强调不同句子成分 ①强调主语 It was my teacher who/that encouraged me to pursue my dream. ②强调宾语 It is this book that changed my understanding of life. ③强调状语 It was at 7 o’clock that we set off for the airport. It was because of his carelessness that the project failed. 2. not until 的强调结构 结构:It is/was not until +被强调部分+ that +其他成分 It was not until I entered college that I realized the importance of English. It was not until midnight that he finished his homework. 3. 特殊疑问句的强调结构 结构:特殊疑问词+ is/was+ it + that +其他成分 When was it that you met your old friend? Who was it that helped you solve the problem? 4. 强调谓语动词 结构:do/does/did +动词原形 He did finish the task on time. She does know the answer to the question. 三、强调句与易混从句的区分 1. 与主语从句的区分 强调句:去掉It is/was 和 that后,句子结构完整 It is clear that he is lying.(主语从句,去掉后clear he is lying不完整) It is he that is lying.(强调句,去掉后He is lying完整) 2. 与定语从句的区分 强调句:that 无意义,不充当成分;定语从句:that 是关系代词,充当主语或宾语 It is the book that I bought yesterday.(定语从句,that 作 bought 的宾语) It is the book that changed my life.(强调句,that 无成分,突出这本书) 例题It was not until she took off her mask ____________ I recognized she was my classmate. 【答案】that​ 【解析】此处为not until的强调结构,It was not until + 被强调部分(she took off her mask)+ that + 其他成分,that不可省略。 【巩固训练1】It is our duty ____________ we should help those in need. 【答案】that​ 【解析】此处为强调句,强调主语our duty。 【巩固训练2】He ____________(do)tell the truth yesterday, but no one believed him. 【答案】did​ 【解析】强调谓语动词 tell,根据 yesterday 可知用一般过去时。 · 考点二:倒装句 · 核心知识点梳理 一、定义与分类 倒装句的本质是主谓语序颠倒,分为完全倒装(整个谓语置于主语前)和部分倒装(谓语的助动词 / 情态动词 /be动词置于主语前)。 二、核心用法 1. 完全倒装 ①地点副词前置 Here comes the bus. ②表语前置 Present at the meeting were the mayor and other officials. 2. 部分倒装 ①否定词前置 Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset. ②only +状语前置 Only by working hard can we achieve our goals. ③so +形容词前置 So difficult was the exam that many students failed. 三、重难点 1. 完全倒装的例外情况 主语为代词时,主谓不倒装。 Here you are. 2. 部分倒装的主谓一致 倒装后谓语的助动词或情态动词需与主语保持一致。 Only then did they realize their mistake. 例题Only when he finished his homework ____________(be) he allowed to watch TV. 【答案】was​ 【解析】only +时间状语从句置于句首,主句用部分倒装;主语 he与 allow是被动关系,根据 finished 可知用一般过去时的被动语态。 【巩固训练1】Little ____________ (do) she know that her husband was waiting for her at the gate. 【答案】did​ 【解析】否定意义的 little 置于句首,用部分倒装。 【巩固训练2】There ____________(stand) a tall tree in front of our classroom. 【答案】stands​ 【解析】地点副词 there 置于句首,主语 a tall tree 为单数,陈述客观事实用一般现在时。 · 考点三:省略句 · 核心知识点梳理 一、定义与分类 省略句的本质是避免重复,核心逻辑是主从句主语一致或从句主语为it,且从句含 be动词时,可省略从句的主语和 be 动词。 二、核心用法 1. 状语从句的省略 结构:连词+形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式 When asked about his dream, he remained silent. If necessary, we can adjust the plan. Though tired, she continued working. He worked as told by his boss. 2. 不定式的省略 结构:保留 to,省略与前文相同的动词 She didn’t come, but she promised to. 例题While ____________ (walk) in the park, I met an old friend of mine. 【答案】walking​ 【解析】while 引导的时间状语从句中,主句主语 I 与 walk 是主动关系,省略 I was,故用现在分词 walking。 【巩固训练1】Unless ____________(invite), he won’t attend the meeting. 【答案】invited​ 【解析】unless引导的条件状语从句,主句主语 he 与 invite 是被动关系,省略 he is,故用过去分词 。 【巩固训练2】She is better than she used to ____________(be). 【答案】be​ 【解析】used to 后接动词原形,此处还原 be 动词,不可省略。 · 考点四:感叹句 · 核心知识点梳理 一、定义与核心结构 感叹句的本质是表达强烈情感,核心结构如下: 引导词 结构 例句 what What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数 +主谓 What +形容词+可数名词复数 + 主谓 What +形容词+不可数名词+主谓 What a lovely girl she is! What beautiful flowers they are! What fine weather it is! how How +形容词/副词+主谓 How +形容词+ a/an +可数名词单 +主谓 How +主谓 How fast he runs! How lovely a girl she is! 二、重难点 what与 how的辨析 关键看形容词后是否直接接名词 What important news it is! How important the news is! 例题____________ amazing the new technology is!It can help us solve many problems. 【答案】How 【解析】空格后为形容词 amazing,无直接接名词,故用 how 引导感叹句。 【巩固训练1】____________ a wonderful trip we had last summer! 【答案】What 【解析】a wonderful trip 是a + 形容词+可数名词单数,故用what。 【巩固训练2】___________ difficult the math problem is! 【答案】How 【解析】difficult 是形容词,后无直接接名词,故用 how。 · 考点五:祈使句 · 核心知识点梳理 一、定义与核心结构 祈使句的本质是发出命令、请求、建议或警告,主语通常为 you(省略),核心结构如下: 类型 结构 例句 肯定祈使句 动词原形开头 Open the window, please. Do be careful! 否定祈使句 Don’t + 动词原形; Never + 动词原形 Don’t smoke here. Never give up! 祈使句 + and/or + 简单句 相当于if引导的条件句 Study hard, and you will pass the exam. Hurry up, or you will be late. 二、重难点 祈使句的反意疑问句 ①肯定祈使句:附加问句用will you/won’t you Please pass me the pen, will you? ②否定祈使句:附加问句用will you Don’t make noise, will you? ③Let’s 开头的祈使句:附加问句用shall we Let’s go for a walk, shall we? · 考点六:there be句型 · 核心知识点梳理 一、定义与分类 there be句型的本质是表示某地存在某物,核心结构为 There be/live/ stand/lie/ exist +主语+地点状语(be 动词可替换为 live/stand 等表存在的不及物动词)。 二、核心用法 1. 主谓一致 be 动词的单复数由后面的主语决定。 There are two pens and a book on the desk. There is a book and two pens on the desk. 2. 替代词用法 be 动词可替换为live/stand/lie/exist等,表 存在、坐落。 There stands a tall building at the corner. There lives an old man in the village. 3. 固定句型 There is no point (in) doing sth.(做某事没有意义) There is no point arguing with him. There is no doubt that...(毫无疑问) There is no doubt that he will succeed. There is no need to do sth.(没有必要做某事) 一、单句语法填空 1. Only after Mary walked into the classroom she realize that she had left the homework at home. 【答案】did 【解析】考查倒装。句意:只有在玛丽走进教室后,她才意识到她把作业忘在家里了。“Only+状语从句”置于句首时,主句要用部分倒装,即将助动词/情态动词/be动词提到主语前;根据walked可知,时态为一般过去时,realize为实义动词,故要将助动词did提到主语前。 2. If (invite) to a meal, be especially careful about your table manners. 【答案】invited 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果被邀请去吃饭,要特别注意你的餐桌礼仪。在when, while, if, as if, though (或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中,常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词;“if (invite) to a meal”是条件状语从句,原句为“if you are invited to a meal”,其中you与作主句的祈使句中隐含主语一致,符合状语从句省略条件,省略you are后,保留过去分词invited。 3. It was not until then I realized how merciful he was to the poor children. 【答案】that 【解析】考查强调句。句意:直到那时,我才意识到他对这些贫困儿童是多么仁慈。此处为not until引导的强调句,其基本句型是:It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分,对then进行强调,空处需填that。 4. Once he makes up his mind to do something, seldom he give it up. 【答案】does 【解析】考查部分倒装。句意:一旦他下定决心做某事,就很少会放弃。否定副词倒装结构为:seldom/never/hardly... + 助动词/情态动词/be + 主语 + 动词原形。句中有动词短语give up,应添加助动词构成倒装,一般现在时第三人称单数需要加助动词does。 5. Jeff did not help you. Nor/neither Sam. 【答案】did 【解析】考查倒装句和时态。句意:Jeff没有帮助你,Sam也没有。Nor/neither为否定词,用在句首,句子要倒装,结构为:Nor/neither+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语,用在一个否定句后, 表示前句所述主语的情况也同样适用于该句主语;根据前句Jeff did not help you.可知,两句时态一致,为一般过去时。 6. If (expose) to the outside surroundings, they’ll be prepared for their future better. 【答案】exposed 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果他们暴露在外界环境中,会为未来做更好的准备。当主从句主语一致时,且从句含be时,可省略从句的主语和be,完整的从句为if they are exposed to the outside surroundings,省略主语they和are,保留过去分词exposed。 7. He (do) finish his homework yesterday. 【答案】did 【解析】考查动词时态。句意:他昨天确实完成了他的家庭作业。句中构成do/does/did + 动词原形的结构,对finish进行强调。原句中时间状语yesterday,表明句子时态为一般过去时,故用助动词did来强调。 8. He (do) get up early every day. 【答案】does 【解析】考查强调句型。句意:他确实每天起得很早。空后为动词原形,可推知此处用“do/does/did+动词原形”构成强调句型,用来强调谓语动词,结合“every day”可知,时态用一般现在时,描述经常性的行为,主语为He,因此用does。 9. was it that made him so angry? 【答案】What 【解析】考查特殊疑问句。句意:是什么使他如此生气?由was it that可知,该句为强调句型,强调句子是主语,结合句意,句子是问“是什么使他如此生气”,空格处意为“什么”,用what,位于句首,首字母大写。 10. Out (come) a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. 【答案】comes 【解析】考查时态和倒装句。句意:一份 “软质冰淇淋”口感的奶油甜点端了出来,需立即食用。当表示方位的副词Out置于句首,且主语为名词(此处主语为 “a ‘soft-serve’ creamy dessert”)时,句子需用完全倒装,即 “副词 + 谓语动词 + 主语” 的顺序。陈述客观事实,为一般现在时。 11. are things you can do to ease this problem. 【答案】There 【解析】考查there be句型。句意:有一些你可以做的事来缓解这个问题。根据句意可知,本句为There be 句型,首字母大写。故填There。 12. The project will proceed as planned, unless (suspend) due to unforeseen circumstances beyond our current control. 【答案】suspended 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意:该项目将按计划推进,除非因目前无法控制的不可预见情况而暂停。分析句子结构可知,The project will proceed as planned为主句,unless引导的为条件状语从句;由于从句主语与主句主语一致,故可将从句中的主语和be动词一同省略,仅保留过去分词suspended,其完整形式为:unless (the project is) suspended...。 13. When (ask) “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?”, he replied with determination, ... 【答案】asked 【解析】考查状语从句中的省略。句意:当被问到“我们中国人有可能制造导弹吗?”时,他坚定地回答说……当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时,或从句主语为it,且从句含有be动词时,可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中when引导的时间状语从句中,主语he与ask为被动关系,完整句子为“When he was asked “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?””,省略“主语he+be动词”,本空用过去分词形式。 14. He come yesterday but soon went back because of an important meeting. 【答案】did 【解析】考查强调。句意:他昨天确实来了,但因为一个重要的会议很快就回去了。分析句子结构可知,此处是“do/does/did+动词原形”的强调结构。根据yesterday和went back可知,此句是一般过去时,此空应用did。 15. She did (tell) me about her address but I forgot all about it. 【答案】tell 【解析】考查强调。句意:她确实告诉过我她的地址,但我全忘了。此处是“do/does/did+动词原形”的强调结构,此处强调谓语动词tell这一动作确实发生过,加强语气。该结构中did后接动词原形。 16. While (do) my homework, I fell asleep. 【答案】doing 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意:我在做作业的时候睡着了。当主句和从句主语一致,且从句谓语含有be动词时,从句可省略主语和be动词。原句完整形式为“While I was doing my homework, I fell asleep.”。 17. The e-mail started off: “Dear Mr. Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than (expect).” 【答案】expected 【解析】考查时态,被动语态,主谓一致和省略。句意:这封电子邮件是这样开头的:“亲爱的格林先生,感谢您的关注”及“审核过程比预期的要长。”process是被预计,描述事实,因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态it is expected,状语从句中主语是it,且从句中有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,因此空格处是expected。 18. Little I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery. 【答案】do 【解析】考查部分倒装。句意:我几乎没想到能看到如此美妙的景色。否定词Little位于句首时,句子需用部分倒装结构,即把助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语之前;本句主语是I,谓语动词dream是实义动词,且句子表示的是一个客观情况,时态为一般现在时,因此需借助助动词do并将其置于主语I之前。 19. Never before I read an article that is so full of lies. 【答案】have 【解析】考查时态,主谓一致和倒装。句意:我以前从未读过一篇如此充满谎言的文章。由before可知,句子时态用现在完成时,主语是I,现在完成时中的助动词用have,never是否定副词,位于句首,引起句子部分倒装,即将助动词have提前到主语I前面,因此空格处是have。 20. While (paint), I felt a deep sense of peace. 【答案】painting 【解析】考查状语从句的省略用法。句意:在画画的时候,我感受到一种深深的平静。分析句子可知,此处为While引导时间状语从句的省略用法,当从句主语与主句主语一致且从句含be 动词时,可省略“主语 + be 动词”,此处为省略从句主语I和be动词was,完整形式为“While I was painting”。主语 I与 paint 之间是主动关系,故用现在分词形式。 二、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. Only in this way . 只有用这种方式,我们才能保护好环境。 【答案】can we protect the environment 【解析】考查倒装句。“Only + 状语(in this way)”位于句首时,句子需部分倒装,将情态动词/助动词/be动词提到主语前;此句描述客观事实,用一般现在时;主语“我们”为we;“能”用情态动词can;“保护好环境”为protect the environment,放在情态动词后用动词原形;“我们才能保护好环境”可译为“we can protect the environment”,根据语法规则,情态动词can需提到主语we之前。 2. Not just , but he composes the music as well. 他不仅给歌曲写词,也谱曲。 【答案】does he write the words to the songs 【解析】考查倒装句和助动词。本句是一个部分倒装句,当否定词或者半否定词放在句首的时候,后面的主句使用部分倒装的形式,本句中的not just就是一个否定词放在句首,后面使用部分倒装的形式,“给歌曲写词”译为write the words to the songs,由下文的composes可知,句子是一般现在时,主语he是第三人称单数,故把助动词does提前到write之前。 3. He hadn’t done any homework, . 他没有做任何家庭作业, 也没有带任何书来上课。 【答案】nor/neither had he brought any of his books to class 【解析】考查部分倒装和时态。表示“也不/也没有”可用副词nor/neither,当它们位于句首时,句子要部分倒装。“把……带到……”用bring...to...,“他的任何书”用any of his books表达,“课堂”用class表达;根据上文“hadn’t done”可知,第二个分句的时态与其保持一致,也用过去完成时:had brought,部分倒装时,将动词had提到主语he之前。 4. no ideal solution to these tough problems. 对于这些棘手的问题似乎没有理想的解决办法。 【答案】There seems to be 【解析】考查固定句型。根据所给句意可知,表示“似乎存在”可用固定句型there seems to be表示某处或某时可能存在的事物或情况,且位于句首的单词首字母要大写。 5. The moment our class meeting was over, a heated discussion. 班会一结束,接着就是一场激烈的讨论。 【答案】there followed 【解析】考查全部倒装。表示“紧接着就是”用there follow,是完全倒装结构,根据从句中的谓语动词was可知,此处使用一般过去时,所以谓语动词followed,正常语序为“a heated discussion followed there”,将表示地点的副词there提前,句子采用完全倒装,谓语动词followed置于主语a heated discussion之前。 6. Between the two buildings, in which a few children are swimming. 在这两栋楼之间有一个游泳池,里面有几个孩子在游泳。 【答案】there lies a swimming pool/there is a swimming pool 【解析】考查there be句型和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“有一个游泳池”;句子陈述事实,用一般现在时;表达在某地有某物可以用“there be”句型,也可以将be动词替换成其他表存在的动词,比如此处可以换成lie;主语“一个游泳池”译为“a swimming pool”为单数,所以be动词用is;lie则用三单形式lies。 7. He stared at the girl her for the first time. 他盯着这个女孩,好像是第一次见她一样。 【答案】as if seeing 【解析】考查方式状语从句的省略。中英文对比可知空格处缺少“好像是……(看)见”,“好像是”用as if引导方式状语从句,“(看)见”用see,从句中主语和主句主语he一致,且从句中含有be动词,可以省略主语和be动词。结合句意和前文的stared可知这里完整形式可以是as if he was seeing her for the first time,省略后为as if seeing。 8. , I realised how hard it was to work in the field under the hot sun. 劳动的时候,我意识到炎炎烈日下在农田中劳作是多么艰难。 【答案】While working 【解析】考查状语从句的省略。“劳动的时候”为“While working”,原句为While I was working,当主从句主语一致且从句谓语含有be动词时,可省略从句的主语和be动词,这里主从句主语都是I,所以省略I was,变为while working,位于句首单词首字母大写。 9. Under no circumstances . 无论如何我们都不应该放弃我们的梦想。 【答案】should we give up our dreams 【解析】考查固定短语。主语为we,表示“放弃我们的梦想”应用give up our dreams,且should后跟动词原形,此处Under no circumstances位于句首,需用倒装句形式,将should提前到主语之前。 10. when the bell rang. 铃一响,男孩们就冲出去了。 【答案】Out rushed the boys 【解析】考查倒装句。主语“男孩们”用the boys;表示“冲出去”rush out,此处将out位于句首需用完全倒装,结合后文rang可知为一般过去时。首字母大写。 7 / 18 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题12 特殊句式 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 知识体系构建 2 考点精析与突破 3 考点一:强调句(常考点) 3 考点二:倒装句(难点) 4 考点三:省略句(重点) 5 考点四:感叹句(常考点) 6 考点五:祈使句(重点) 6 考点六:there be 句型(常考点) 7 实战精练与提升 8 一、考试要求 特殊句式是江苏春季高考英语语法的核心模块之一,涵盖强调句、倒装句、省略句、感叹句、祈使句、there be 句型及it的特殊用法七大核心考点。其考查特点是语境化渗透与结构辨析并重,贯穿语法填空、完形填空及书面表达三大题型。二轮复习需突破强调句与从句混淆、倒装触发条件判断、省略逻辑主语一致等易错点,通过结构识别+语境匹配的逻辑,实现从语法规则记忆到解题能力迁移的提升,同时借助特殊句式优化书面表达的句式多样性。考生应做到: 1. 掌握特殊句式的核心结构(强调句、倒装句、省略句等),能快速识别句式类型; 2. 熟练运用特殊句式的基本用法(如强调句的 that/who 选择、倒装的触发条件、省略的逻辑主语一致); 3. 区分易混句式(如强调句与定语从句、完全倒装与部分倒装、it 作形式主语与强调句); 4. 能在书面表达中规范运用特殊句式,提升句子复杂度与表达亮点。 2、 命题分析 考点 考频(近 5 年) 考查内容 命题趋势 强调句 5 年 4 考 基本结构、not until 强调、特殊疑问句强调 2026年大概率在考 that/who 的选择 倒装句 5 年 5 考 部分倒装(否定词前置、only + 状语)、完全倒装(地点副词前置) 2026年可能考倒装遗漏助动词 省略句 5 年 3 考 状语从句省略、不定式省略、if 省略结构 2026年可能考过去分词省略 感叹句 5 年 1 考 what 与 how 的辨析、形容词 + 可数名词单数结构 2026 年可能考what/how 的转换 祈使句 5 年 2 考 肯定 / 否定形式、祈使句 + and/or + 简单句 2026年可能考强调形式 there be 句型 5 年 3 考 时态变化、主谓一致、替代词(live/stand) 2026年可能考主谓一致 句式类型 核心功能 典型结构 高频考点 强调句 突出句子某一成分 It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who... not until 强调、特殊疑问句强调 倒装句 强调地点 /否定意义 /平衡结构 完全倒装:地点副词 / 表语前置;部分倒装:否定词 /only + 状语前置 部分倒装的触发条件、主谓一致 省略句 避免重复、简洁表达 状语从句省略(主从句主语一致 + be 动词)、不定式省略 to 省略的逻辑主语一致 感叹句 表达强烈情感 what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主谓;how+adj./adv.+ 主谓 what与 how的辨析 祈使句 发出命令 / 请求 / 建议 动词原形开头、Don’t + 动词原形、Do +动词原形(强调) 祈使句+ and/or 结构、反意疑问句 there be 句型 表示存在 There be/live/stand/lie +主语 + 地点状语 主谓一致、时态变化、固定句型 it 的特殊用法 形式主语 / 宾语、 时间表达、强调 It is + adj./n. + to do/that 从句; It is + 时间段+ since/before... 形式主语与强调句的区分 · 考点一:强调句 · 核心知识点梳理 一、定义与核心结构 强调句的本质是突出句子某一成分,核心结构为 It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who + 其他成分(被强调部分为人时可用who,其余情况用that)。 二、核心用法 1. 强调不同句子成分 ①强调主语 It was my teacher who/that encouraged me to pursue my dream. ②强调宾语 It is this book that changed my understanding of life. ③强调状语 It was at 7 o’clock that we set off for the airport. It was because of his carelessness that the project failed. 2. not until 的强调结构 结构:It is/was not until +被强调部分+ that +其他成分 It was not until I entered college that I realized the importance of English. It was not until midnight that he finished his homework. 3. 特殊疑问句的强调结构 结构:特殊疑问词+ is/was+ it + that +其他成分 When was it that you met your old friend? Who was it that helped you solve the problem? 4. 强调谓语动词 结构:do/does/did +动词原形 He did finish the task on time. She does know the answer to the question. 三、强调句与易混从句的区分 1. 与主语从句的区分 强调句:去掉It is/was 和 that后,句子结构完整 It is clear that he is lying.(主语从句,去掉后clear he is lying不完整) It is he that is lying.(强调句,去掉后He is lying完整) 2. 与定语从句的区分 强调句:that 无意义,不充当成分;定语从句:that 是关系代词,充当主语或宾语 It is the book that I bought yesterday.(定语从句,that 作 bought 的宾语) It is the book that changed my life.(强调句,that 无成分,突出这本书) 例题It was not until she took off her mask ____________ I recognized she was my classmate. 【巩固训练1】It is our duty ____________ we should help those in need. 【巩固训练2】He ____________(do)tell the truth yesterday, but no one believed him. · 考点二:倒装句 · 核心知识点梳理 一、定义与分类 倒装句的本质是主谓语序颠倒,分为完全倒装(整个谓语置于主语前)和部分倒装(谓语的助动词 / 情态动词 /be动词置于主语前)。 二、核心用法 1. 完全倒装 ①地点副词前置 Here comes the bus. ②表语前置 Present at the meeting were the mayor and other officials. 2. 部分倒装 ①否定词前置 Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset. ②only +状语前置 Only by working hard can we achieve our goals. ③so +形容词前置 So difficult was the exam that many students failed. 三、重难点 1. 完全倒装的例外情况 主语为代词时,主谓不倒装。 Here you are. 2. 部分倒装的主谓一致 倒装后谓语的助动词或情态动词需与主语保持一致。 Only then did they realize their mistake. 例题Only when he finished his homework ____________(be) he allowed to watch TV. 【巩固训练1】Little ____________ (do) she know that her husband was waiting for her at the gate. 【巩固训练2】There ____________(stand) a tall tree in front of our classroom. · 考点三:省略句 · 核心知识点梳理 一、定义与分类 省略句的本质是避免重复,核心逻辑是主从句主语一致或从句主语为it,且从句含 be动词时,可省略从句的主语和 be 动词。 二、核心用法 1. 状语从句的省略 结构:连词+形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式 When asked about his dream, he remained silent. If necessary, we can adjust the plan. Though tired, she continued working. He worked as told by his boss. 2. 不定式的省略 结构:保留 to,省略与前文相同的动词 She didn’t come, but she promised to. 例题While ____________ (walk) in the park, I met an old friend of mine. 【巩固训练1】Unless ____________(invite), he won’t attend the meeting. 【巩固训练2】She is better than she used to ____________(be). · 考点四:感叹句 · 核心知识点梳理 一、定义与核心结构 感叹句的本质是表达强烈情感,核心结构如下: 引导词 结构 例句 what What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数 +主谓 What +形容词+可数名词复数 + 主谓 What +形容词+不可数名词+主谓 What a lovely girl she is! What beautiful flowers they are! What fine weather it is! how How +形容词/副词+主谓 How +形容词+ a/an +可数名词单 +主谓 How +主谓 How fast he runs! How lovely a girl she is! 二、重难点 what与 how的辨析 关键看形容词后是否直接接名词 What important news it is! How important the news is! 例题____________ amazing the new technology is!It can help us solve many problems. 【巩固训练1】____________ a wonderful trip we had last summer! 【巩固训练2】___________ difficult the math problem is! · 考点五:祈使句 · 核心知识点梳理 一、定义与核心结构 祈使句的本质是发出命令、请求、建议或警告,主语通常为 you(省略),核心结构如下: 类型 结构 例句 肯定祈使句 动词原形开头 Open the window, please. Do be careful! 否定祈使句 Don’t + 动词原形; Never + 动词原形 Don’t smoke here. Never give up! 祈使句 + and/or + 简单句 相当于if引导的条件句 Study hard, and you will pass the exam. Hurry up, or you will be late. 二、重难点 祈使句的反意疑问句 ①肯定祈使句:附加问句用will you/won’t you Please pass me the pen, will you? ②否定祈使句:附加问句用will you Don’t make noise, will you? ③Let’s 开头的祈使句:附加问句用shall we Let’s go for a walk, shall we? · 考点六:there be句型 · 核心知识点梳理 一、定义与分类 there be句型的本质是表示某地存在某物,核心结构为 There be/live/ stand/lie/ exist +主语+地点状语(be 动词可替换为 live/stand 等表存在的不及物动词)。 二、核心用法 1. 主谓一致 be 动词的单复数由后面的主语决定。 There are two pens and a book on the desk. There is a book and two pens on the desk. 2. 替代词用法 be 动词可替换为live/stand/lie/exist等,表 存在、坐落。 There stands a tall building at the corner. There lives an old man in the village. 3. 固定句型 There is no point (in) doing sth.(做某事没有意义) There is no point arguing with him. There is no doubt that...(毫无疑问) There is no doubt that he will succeed. There is no need to do sth.(没有必要做某事) 一、单句语法填空 1. Only after Mary walked into the classroom she realize that she had left the homework at home. 2. If (invite) to a meal, be especially careful about your table manners. 3. It was not until then I realized how merciful he was to the poor children. 4. Once he makes up his mind to do something, seldom he give it up. 5. Jeff did not help you. Nor/neither Sam. 6. If (expose) to the outside surroundings, they’ll be prepared for their future better. 7. He (do) finish his homework yesterday. 8. He (do) get up early every day. 9. was it that made him so angry? 10. Out (come) a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. 11. are things you can do to ease this problem. 12. The project will proceed as planned, unless (suspend) due to unforeseen circumstances beyond our current control. 13. When (ask) “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?”, he replied with determination, ... 14. He come yesterday but soon went back because of an important meeting. 15. She did (tell) me about her address but I forgot all about it. 16. While (do) my homework, I fell asleep. 17. The e-mail started off: “Dear Mr. Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than (expect).” 18. Little I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery. 19. Never before I read an article that is so full of lies. 20. While (paint), I felt a deep sense of peace. 二、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. Only in this way . 只有用这种方式,我们才能保护好环境。 2. Not just , but he composes the music as well. 他不仅给歌曲写词,也谱曲。 3. He hadn’t done any homework, . 他没有做任何家庭作业, 也没有带任何书来上课。 4. no ideal solution to these tough problems. 对于这些棘手的问题似乎没有理想的解决办法。 5. The moment our class meeting was over, a heated discussion. 班会一结束,接着就是一场激烈的讨论。 6. Between the two buildings, in which a few children are swimming. 在这两栋楼之间有一个游泳池,里面有几个孩子在游泳。 7. He stared at the girl her for the first time. 他盯着这个女孩,好像是第一次见她一样。 8. , I realised how hard it was to work in the field under the hot sun. 劳动的时候,我意识到炎炎烈日下在农田中劳作是多么艰难。 9. Under no circumstances . 无论如何我们都不应该放弃我们的梦想。 10. when the bell rang. 铃一响,男孩们就冲出去了。 7 / 18 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题12 特殊句式(复习讲义)(江苏专用)2026年春季高考英语
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专题12 特殊句式(复习讲义)(江苏专用)2026年春季高考英语
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专题12 特殊句式(复习讲义)(江苏专用)2026年春季高考英语
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